CONCLUSION.
Oh, thou wert lovely!--lovely was thy frame,
And pure thy spirit as from heaven it came!
And when recalled to join the blest above,
Thou diedst a victim to exceeding love!
HUMAN LIFE.
Our story rapidly hastens to a close, parts whereof had hitherto been
purposely thrown into the back ground of our painting,--or, to _use_
another simile, adopting the policy of a wary general, who makes a
feint retreat with the intent of concentrating his forces, next to
return with renovated vigour and alacrity to the charge; thus sagely
saving his videts from being shot, his cannon from being spiked, and
his reinforcements from being killed off. In like manner too, most
gentle reader, we have adopted the "_parva componere magnis_;" and
accordingly, as we felt it incumbent upon us, have hitherto thrown
some facts and events, since developed, and deeply connected with our
story, into the back ground of our picture, with the hope that aught
of circumstance or of interest that we hitherto fain would hide in the
shade, and cloak under the veil or umbrage of mystery and obscurity,
might chance to escape the penetration of the reviewing critic, and
of thee too, reviewing reader! until we found it sage and pertinently
expedient to develope the same.
However we may have failed or succeeded in this attempt, we have
nevertheless endeavoured, with all our means, to give a faithful
and impartial portraiture of the different events as they actually
occurred, and of the various characters presented in our tale, as they
severally made "their exits and their entrances," and "bustled their
busy hour" in "this strange and eventful history." And now, courteous
reader, we gratefully take leave, and greet thee with our _ultimum
vale_, for we shall never meet again!--then accept our last adieu!
Of the future fate and fortunes of Sir David Bruce, nothing, with any
certain portion of historic authenticity, could for a vast length
of time be traced or ascertained. It is true, however, as usually
consequatory upon such doubtful occasions, that rumour, with her
hundred tongues, was not found sleeping at her post, but was, on this
occurrence, alert and busy as the tattling goddess is ever wont to be,
in spreading and disseminating through the oracular organs of all the
gossiping old women in, about, and around all the adjoining baronies,
various, yet contradictory reports. One story-teller reported that
Sir David had retired to the continent, and had once more visited his
favourite Brussels, and had there taken up his abode. But that city,
instead of yielding all its former charms, when hope was buoyant, and
love successful, only served to demonstrate the mournful contrast,
and recall more potently his misery! He too well remembered what he
had been, and what the treasure was that he had for ever lost! He
felt but too well that "such things had been, and were most dear to
him." But alas, then he knew, and most acutely felt too, the wretched
man he was! What was he now?--a forlorn fugitive--a self-outcast--his
peace destroyed--his hopes decayed--and in a word, a wretch, by his
own condemnation! Unhappy man! he knew but too well what he _had_
been--what he _might_ have been--what he _ought_ to have been--and, oh!
what _then_ he was! These were no consoling reflections to an acute and
sensitive mind like his. The rumour then concluded by asserting, that
finding only aggravated sorrow, vexation, and a painful recollection of
that happiness that he had lost for ever, in his former once favourite
city of Brussels, that Sir David had thence retired, in complete
disgust with all the world, where "man delighted him not, nor woman
neither," into the Monastery of _Sancta Maria de Camberone_, near to
Mons, where he became a Carthusian friar; long continued to lead a life
of piety and peace; died a beatified saint, and bequeathed all his
worldly estate to the holy brethren of that pious establishment.
This idle and unfounded rumour was, however, at variance completely
with positive and stubborn facts; and truth was clearly elicited from
the high and honourable testimony of Lord Glandarah, who had been
engaged in a tour upon the continent; and while occupied in visiting
foreign courts, among others had sojourned at the court of the Elector
Palatine, to whom, upon his arrival at Berlin, he was presented; and
in the suite and service of this prince he recognized Sir David Bruce.
Both were mutually rejoiced at the meeting, but remained wholly silent
as to the events that had passed at Tyrconnel Castle.
Sir David Bruce was habited in a black hussar uniform; much changed
in appearance, and his spirits completely broken down; his manly form
and figure were sadly altered. However mournful and depressed appeared
the Bruce, yet the story of his life, from the time of his departure
from Tyrconnel Castle, was well told in the scar on his manly cheek,
and the still deeper one which he bore upon his noble brow; while the
brilliant star of Brandenburgh that sparkled on his breast, and the
cross which hung appendant to his neck, gave proofs that his deeds of
valour had not passed by unregarded and unrewarded by the grateful
prince he served.
In the course of some few years subsequent to the period which we
notice, the Berlin Gazette, in giving an account of the siege of
Namur in the year 1690 and----, thus notices the death of this truly
valiant hero. After a long military detail the statement ran to this
effect:--"That in boldly attempting to carry the fort of Coehorn by a
_l'epee à la main_, the gallant Sir David Bruce had fallen, overpowered
by wounds; when his lamented remains were borne from the trenches by
his brave Brandenburghers, whom he had so often led on to victory; and
were by them most honourably interred, with all the pomp and regret
that await the brave."
Such was the gallant termination of the brilliant, transient, and
unhappy career of the valiant Bruce. His amiable lady, the poor,
disconsolate Adelaide, did not long survive her lord, who in every
respect was deserving of a happier fate than that sad one which
unhappily fell to her lot. She died, as she had lived, a Protestant,
although the duke and duchess were strict Catholics; a striking
proof of the superiority of her understanding, considering all local
circumstances, and the tone and temper of the times with which she
had to contend; living under a Catholic king, whose whole conduct and
administration were arbitrary--whose royal career propitiously set out
with the title of "James the Just," but fatally terminated in that
of "James the Tyrannical;" oppressing both the consciences and the
personal liberty of his subjects, whom he only considered as his slaves.
But let it be understood, and handed down to posterity, that Lady
Adelaide was no bigot, her feelings and her religion were by far too
Christian to permit her to be one. Piety, charity, toleration, and
benevolence, accompanied withal a mild, gentle, and conciliatory
temper, adorned her character; and with a truly devout feeling
softened the asperities and disappointments which she had to encounter
in her mournful passage and pilgrimage through the thorny vale of life.
Pure, unaffected piety, and the slow hand of time, united to the kind
attentions of her relatives, especially of her mother the duchess, and
Lady Lucy, gradually succeeded in mitigating her grief. While humbly
and cheerfully submitting to the will of heaven, and occupied in the
exercise of the mild and tolerant spirit of the Christian faith, she
found that internal comfort and consolation that was denied her in the
world.
Adelaide did not long survive her husband, and upon her death-bed made
a confession, previous to which disclosure none but the confidential
ear of her beloved mother had heard. In this she disclosed all those
events which have been already developed by the extraordinary and
affecting interview and separation which we witnessed to have passed
between Bruce and Adelaide. Having received the last rites of the
church, Adelaide surrendered her last breath, with hope and humble
resignation, to Him who gave it!
Lady Adelaide Bruce was born the 31st of October, 1600 and----, upon
_the Eve of All-Hallows_; was married the 31st of October, 1600 and
----; and died the 31st of October, 1600 and----, upon the _Eve of
All-Hallows_!
Upon the demise of the Lady Adelaide the following verses were found in
her escritoir by her afflicted mother, which had been written evidently
subsequent to the death of Bruce:
He is gone!---- I'm ne'er to behold him!
And, oh! never more to enfold him
Within these widowed arms!
The spring shall bloom, the summer glow
With all their brilliant charms;
For my poor heart, too well, I trow,
No peace nor pleasure waits below;
But cold neglect, like winter snow!
Each blast my breast alarms!
My soul is sad, my spirits fail,
It much relieves me to bewail!
My only rest lies in HIS tomb!--
My hope--a better world to come!
When wafted to blest realms on high,
Where pain and sorrow come not nigh;
May thus a contrite Christian die!
(_Signed_) ADELAIDE.
It had been inadvisedly reported that our early acquaintance, Captain
Heaviside, had fallen _cum multis aliis ignotis_, at the battle of
the Boyne. However, the last accounts from the pump-room at Bath put
it beyond all dispute that the gallant captain was still in the land
of the living; and whether at the card-table or in the ball-room,
the ladies actually considered Captain Heaviside as the very cream
of gentility, and the flower of ceremony; and he very soon set his
affections on a prudent spinster, who had arrived at a discreet age,
a Miss Barbara Golightly. And the mutual attentions of these worthies
to each other, reminded the gossipers in the pump-room of the deep
affection which Cid Hamet records to have existed betwixt those sage
personages, Sancho and Dapple; of whom it was difficult to pronounce
whether Sancho loved Dapple, or Dapple loved Sancho, the best!--_Sic
itur ad astra_!
The arrival some weeks after of "The London Intelligencer"[16] set
this matter completely at rest, and plainly told the _quid-nuncs_
their _erratum_, that for "killed" they ought to have read "married."
The paragraph in the Intelligencer was worded to the following
effect:--"Married, at the Abbey church of Bath, on Thursday last, by
the Honourable and very Reverend Dean P--l--y, Captain Harry Heaviside,
late of the---- regiment of foot, to the amiable and affable Miss
Barbara Golightly of that city, whose merits will not be diminished by
bestowing upon the brave captain, in conjunction with her fair hand, a
fortune of ten thousand pounds!"
[Footnote 16: The "Mercurius Civicus, London's Intelligencer, or
Truth impartially related from thence to the Kingdom, to prevent
Misinformation." This public print, with the foregoing quaint
title, was first published in 1643. Printed for Thomas Bates on
Snow-hill.]
Lady Lucy had several proposals of marriage made to her by persons of
high rank and fortune, but she invariably refused them all; whether
it was that Lady Lucy was fastidious in her choice of a companion
for life, or that she preferred a state of "single blessedness" to
the marriage state, we shall not aver, but simply state her amiable,
and disinterested, and generous conduct, to her unhappy niece, to
whom she was indeed most unremitting in her attentions; and seemed
most assiduous and well pleased in dispensing those nameless acts of
kindness to her niece, in thought, in deed--nay, in her very looks, a
countenance beaming with goodness and philanthropy; all of which were
gratefully and duly acknowledged on the part of Adelaide.
Lady Letitia, after a long continued siege of courtship, took final
compassion on Sir Patricius Placebo; whom she was now not unwilling
to admit as her true knight, and actually gave him her noble hand as
his _guerdon_; for inasmuch that during the continuation of a long
acquaintance, and that too under the same roof withal, yet that her
ladyship had never, in any one recorded instance, heard the baronet to
pronounce the truly portentous word--PERHAPS! No, never, in
that long continued course.
It was, however, it must be confessed, maliciously asserted by some,
yet still contradicted by others, that this being leap year that
the lady availed herself of acknowledged privileges belonging and
immemorially pertaining to this gifted year. But this we shall not
vouch for.
"Non nostrum inter tantas componere lites."
We merely state the fact that her Ladyship duly and legally became Lady
Letitia Placebo. Upon the consummation of the marriage Sir Patricius
sported a handsome new chariot, with the arms of Placebo quartered
agreeably to all the tenor of the rules and laws of arms and blazonry,
in the same shield with those of the noble house of Tyrconnel; and he
did not forget his own motto, which was a kind of pun (at that time in
vogue) upon his own name--
PLACEBO, SEMPERQUE PLACEBO!
From which said motto one may fairly infer that the baronet's opinion
of himself was by very many degrees removed above mediocrity!
Mrs. Judith Brangwain, now far advanced in years, and somewhat
splenetic in her remarks, expressed much serious displeasure and
vexation at this matrimonial event; she said: "It truly calls forth
my marvel and wonderment. For surely my Lady Letitia must have been
bewitched, any how; and that is faith, sure enough, the only razonable
way for counting it. And, in troth, any how my lady is a deal too good
for the ould midwife, to be sure, that is sartain. Who, after all
in all, is the very Carrick on Suir [caricature] of a defunct fop!
Better--aye, far better, would it have been for Lady Letitia to have
eloped with her riding switch to the continent; aye, and to have passed
seven long years and a day in taking the tower of Europa in search of a
husband, sooner nor domain herself by giving the hand of a princess of
a right ould Irish stock to an upstart quack doctor!"
The duke and duchess, although they did not encourage, much less
approve of the match, yet they did not prevent the solemnization of
the marriage. Lady Letitia had indeed arrived at the due years of
discretion, that is to say, if ever they were to arrive; and Sir
Patricius Placebo, with all his peculiarities and eccentricities, was,
in the main point, a man of worth and respectability.
Upon the event of the marriage the duke presented Sir Patricius and his
sister with the gift of Lætely Lodge, where the happy, happy pair, soon
departed for, intending there, without a dissentient "perhaps," to pass
the honey-moon.
In little more than the space of nine months Lady Letitia presented the
doctor with a chubby male _Placebo_. This proved very agreeable to Sir
Patricius, who really had, or affected to have, a rooted dislike to all
children of the feminine gender.
And here it must be incontinently confessed, that this event took place
to the no small astonishment and disappointment of all the surrounding
gossips in the adjoining parishes and baronies, as these sapient folks
had somewhat too hastily assumed the fact that Lady Letitia Placebo had
passed by the time and season when ladies wish, and may expect to be in
_that state_, "who love their lords!" They, in sooth, considered her
ladyship too ancient to prove _enceinte_.
Sir Patricius, upon this most desired and happy event, raised his
stately head somewhat higher than he was wont to do; and with all
due discretion, gravity, emphasis, and mellow intonation of voice,
addressed his auditory--his countenance, meanwhile, as he spoke,
being lighted up by the important smile of self-applause, and having
consequentially put his Carolus snuff-box in requisition--"I did," said
he, "it must be confessed, form some hopes and expectations upon this
much wished for occasion, which have been now so happily realized; as
verily, my Lady Letitia Placebo hath not disappointed me. For as the
learned and justly celebrated Archimedes was accustomed to observe--
"[GREEK: DThS MThI TEN STIGMÊN]," &c. &c.
It now becomes our melancholy duty to record that the noble and highly
gifted Duchess of Tyrconnel did not many years survive the deplored
death of her deeply beloved daughter--her adored Adelaide; and ere
long was followed to the grave by her brave and illustrious duke, who
directed that the following inscription should be placed upon his
tomb:--
PATRIÆ INFELICI, FIDELIS.
"Faithful to the last to his unhappy country!"
NOTES,
&c. &c.
In which are given four original Letters of King James II. never
before published; accompanied with fac-similes of his royal
Signet and Signature. Likewise, an original Letter from the Duke
of Berwick; the fac-simile of the Duke's Seal and Signature are
also given, copied critically from the original Letters in the
Manuscript Closet of Trinity College, Dublin.
CHAPTER I.--VOL. I., p. 17.
"Ailsa, about fifteen miles from the coast, [of Ayrshire,] is a vast
rock of a conical form, 940 feet in height, two miles in circumference,
accessible only on the north-east, and uninhabited. Its summit is
covered with heath and a little grass. It is the property of the
Earl of Casilis, who obtains a rent from it, paid from the sale of
feathers, Solan geese, and rabbit-skins. On its acclivity are the
ruins of a chapel and fort, and near these there is a spring of fresh
water."--PLAYFAIR'S _Geographical and Statistical Description
of Scotland_, vol. I. p. 179.
In the summer of 1811, and likewise in that of 1824, the author of
these volumes sailed past this stupendous rock, and the Scotch sailors
on board informed him, that the rent received from the produce of this
rock by Lord Cassilis, amounted to upwards of £30 per annum.
CHAPTER VII.--VOL. I., p. 169.
Grace O'Malley, formerly better known in Ireland by the name (in
popular parlance) of Grana Uile; and so called from the Castle of
Carrick Uley, the ruins of which are stationed at the extremity of an
inlet in the bay of Newport, in the county of Mayo. The proper name
is _Carrick a Uile_, or, "the rock in the elbow;" in allusion to the
impending mountain which crowns it, the strength of the castle, and the
recess in which it is situated.
In this castle resided Grace O'Malley. Her family were from time
immemorial considerable on the north-west coast of Ireland, their
principality extending from the lake called Lough Corrib, in the
county of Galway, to Croagh Patrick, in the county of Mayo, and from
thence to the borders of the town of Sligo, a considerable tract
of which is still called "the Uisles of O'Malley;" a fine fertile
country, chiefly skirted by the sea; the bays and harbours excellent,
and beautifully interspersed with verdant islands, many of which are
inhabited. For aptness of local situation for maritime affairs and
naval exploits, the lords of the territory became early conspicuous; in
attestation of which the motto to the family name is, "_Terra marique
potens_,"--Powerful alike by land and sea.
Grace O'Malley was daughter of Owen O'Malley, and widow of O'Flaherty,
two Irish chieftains who flourished in that country. Upon the death of
O'Flaherty Grace married Sir Richard Bourke, who died in 1585, leaving
three sons and one daughter the fruits of this marriage. Upon the
death of her husband and of her father, from necessity Grace O'Malley
(then Bourke) undertook the management of family concerns, acting with
firmness and resolution, keeping up her fleet for the protection of her
castles and estates, so essentially necessary in stormy and turbulent
times, and from this circumstance many considered her, and in popular
belief to this day she is still considered, as a pirate!
Grace, or Grana Uile, was a high-spirited lady, and became fond at an
early age of the watery element, accompanying her father and his sept,
or clan, in many naval exploits. The coast was plundered of cattle
and other property, and many people were murdered in these predatory
expeditions.
Grana was ever foremost in danger. Courage and conduct secured her
success; and the affrighted natives along the north-west shore trembled
at her name.--Many hardy and daring mariners from distant parts
sought her service, attracted by her fame. Her vessels of the largest
description were kept moored in Clare Island, where she possessed a
large castle, and her smaller craft were kept stationed at Carrick a
Uile.
Tradition relates that her piracies became so notorious, and her power
so dangerous, that Grana was proclaimed, and a reward of five hundred
pounds offered for her apprehension. Resolving to make her peace with
England's Queen, she attended the court of Elizabeth, accompanied with
a large retinue, a guard of gallo-glasses bearing partisans, and clad
in saffron robes, who attracted great and universal attention.
The Queen received her in great state. Grana was arrayed in the costume
of her country:--a long Irish mantle covered her head and person; her
hair gathered _à la Grecque_, and fastened with a gold bodkin inlaid
with jewels; her bosom was bare; and her dress a yellow silk boddice
and petticoat. The court were struck with infinite surprise at her
singular appearance. However, Grana succeeded in the object of her
visit, and having made her peace with Elizabeth, returned to Ireland.
The castle belonging to Grana in the island of Clare, which boasts a
fine harbour and quay, was so much considered by Oliver Cromwell, that
he there erected a fort and barrack, in which he maintained a garrison.
Grana endowed a monastery on it, in which she lies interred; her arms
and motto, carved on the tomb with those of her husband, are still
to be seen. This island still continues an estate in the family who
bear the name of O'Malley; and until of late years had been the family
burial place.
The celebrity of Grana Uile has been the theme of bards for many years.
In the year 1753, during the political contests which occurred in the
administration of the Duke of Dorset, a very popular song appeared, to
an old Irish air, and the burden of the song was Grana Uile. It is too
long for insertion in this work.
CHAPTER VIII.--VOL. I., p. 195.
_Pastry Fortifications._
----"I have framed a fortification
Out of rye paste, which is impregnable;[17]
And against that for two long hours together,
Two dozen of marrow-bones shall play continually.
For fish I'll make you a standing lake of white broth,
And pikes come ploughing up the plums before them,
Arion-like, on a dolphin, playing Lachrymæ;
And brave king herring, with his oil and onion,
Crown'd with a lemon peel, his way prepared
With his strong guard of pilchers."
[_The Bloody Brothers, or Rollo Duke of Normandy_, by BEAUMONT and
FLETCHER, vol. VII. act II. scene II. p. 151.]
[Footnote 17: At the splendid entertainments of those days the
confectioners were very solicitous to present these and similar
fopperies on the tables of the great. Furnace the cook says, in
MASSINGER'S "_New Way to pay old Debts_,"
----"Since our master, noble Allworth, died,
Though I crack my brain to find out tempting sauces,
And raise _fortifications in the pastry_,
Such as might serve for models in the Low Countries;
Which, if they had been practised at Breda,
Spinola might have thrown his cap at it, and ne'er took it."
And again, in the Prologue to "_A Wife for a Month_," which was the
sole production of FLETCHER, we have the following lines on the
same subject--
"Our noble friend, who writ this, bid me say,
He had rather dress upon a triumph day
My Lord Mayor's feast, and make him sauces too,
Sauce for each several month; nay, further go,
He had rather build up those invincible pies
And castle custards,[18] that affright all eyes,
Nay, eat 'em and their artillery--
Than dress for such a curious company
One single dish."----
BEAUMONT and FLETCHER--Vol. VIII. p. 137.]
[Footnote 18: The ingenuity of ancient cooks in raising pastry
fortifications has been already noticed. In the text we have not
only fortresses of paste, but castles made of custards, furnished
with eatable artillery, on a triumph-day, that is one of the
greatest festivities at the Mansion-house. Another similar device
of march-pane is mentioned in "Witts and Fancies"--1595, 4to.: "At
a nobleman's banquet a ship of march-pane stuff was set upon the
board, wherein was all manner of fishes of the like stuff."
At a banquet given by Cardinal Birague to Henry III. King of
France, his queen, and mother, "A collation was there served upon
two long tables, consisting of between eleven and twelve hundred
dishes composed of confectionary and dried sweetmeats of various
kinds, constructed in the form of castles, pyramids, and other
elegant figures."--WRAXALL'S "_History of France_," vol. II. 449.]
CHAPTER VIII.--VOL. I., p. 200.
"_Primero._"
This game is noticed by SHAKESPEARE, in "_The Merry Wives of
Windsor_:"--
"I never prospered since I foreswore myself at primero."
And likewise in Henry VIII.:--
"And left him at primero, with the Duke of Suffolk."
In BEAUMONT and FLETCHER also, mention is made of this celebrated and
once fashionable game--in vol. II. p. 185, in "_The Scornful Lady_,"
and likewise in "_The nice Valour_," in vol. IV. p. 273.
Primero too is noticed in STRUTT'S "_Sports and Pastimes of the People
of England_," p. 291. There is a poem by the celebrated Sir John
Harrington, the translator of _Ariosto_, which affords an admirable
illustration of the game: it is entitled, "_The Story of Marcus' Life
at Primero_." But as it amounts to upwards of forty lines, it is
considered as too long for insertion here.
CHAPTER XII.--VOL. I., p. 287.
"_Riding the Franchises._"
Extract from Harris's "_History of the City of Dublin_," (now become a
very scarce work,) chap. VI. p. 114:--
"We shall have little here to do but barely to transcribe the several
forms used by the citizens in riding their franchises at different
periods, as the same has been transmitted to posterity either by
authentic records or ancient manuscripts, whose evidence is not to be
controverted at this day; more especially as the reader will readily
perceive, by comparing each form, how little variance there has been
therein from the beginning to the present times, except in the names
of places, which yet are but few. It would indeed be a difficult task
for the citizens to have at any time stretched their rights beyond the
just limits within the city or suburbs, as they were surrounded on most
parts by vigilant neighbours, namely, the ecclesiastics of St. Mary's
Abbey, Kilmainham, Thomas-court, and St. Sepulchre's, or the liberties
of the Archbishop of Dublin, who were upon all occasions ready to
procure papal anathemas and censures against those who offended them
in less momentous matters than the loss of their lands. Several of the
instruments we shall have occasion to cite are written in Latin; but to
show our fidelity, we shall transcribe them verbatim, and for the sake
of the English reader, translate them literally into our own language.
"The earliest instrument that occurs is one of John Earl of Morton, and
Lord of Ireland, dated at London, the 14th day of May, in the third
year of the reign of his brother, King Richard I. (A. D. 1192,) which
refers to a former charter of local franchises, granted by King Henry
II., now lost. The charter of King John is to be seen in the black
book of the Archbishops of Dublin, called "_Alan's Register_," being
collected by Archbishop Alan, in the reign of Henry VIII., and as it
containeth other liberties besides their metes and bounds, we shall
here give only so much thereof as is pertinent to the subject before
the reader:--
"'CHARTA JOHANNIS,
"'Domini Hiberniæ, de metis et franchesiis civitatis Dublin, et de
libertatibus concessis.
"'Johannes dominus Hiberniæ, Comes Morton, omnibus hominibus et amicis
suis, Francis et Anglis, Hiberniensibus et Wallensibis, præsentibus et
futuris salutem.
"'Sciatis nos dedisse et concessisse, et hâc mêa chartâ confirmasse
civibus meis de Dublin, tam extra muros, quam infra muros manentibus,
usque admetas villæ quod habeant metas suas sicut probatæ fuerant
per sacramentum bonorum virorum de civitate istâ per præceptum regis
Henrici, patris mei; scilicet, ex parte orientale de Dublin, et
australi parte, pasturam quæ ducit usque ad portam ecclesiæ sancti
Keivini, et sic per viam usque ad Kylmerckargan, et sic per divisam
terræ de Donenobroogi usque ad Doder, et de Doder usque ad mare
scilicet at Clarade juxta mare, et de Clarade usque ad Ramynelan. Et in
occidentale parte de Dublin ab ecclesia S. Patricii per Wallam usque ad
Farnan-Clenegimethe et deinde usque ad divisam terræ de Kylmainam et
ultra aquam de Kylmainam juxta Aven-Liffey usque ad vada de Kilmastan
et ultra aquam de Aven-Liffey versus boream per Cnocknogannoc et deinde
usque ad horrea S. Trinitatis, et de horreis illis usque ad furcas,
et sic per divisam inter Clonlic et Crynan usque ad Tolecan et deinde
usque ad ecclesiam sanctæ Mariæ de Ostmanby. Hæc etiam eis concessi,
salvis tenuris et terrâ omni eorum, qui terras et tenures habent, et
chartam meam inde extra muros usque ad prædictas metas; et quod non
possit civitas de terris illis, sicut de aliis disponere, sed faciant
communes consuetudines civitatis, sicut alii cives. De illis autem dico
hoc, qui chartam meam habuerunt de aliquibus terris infra easdem metas
extra muros antequam civitati prædictas libertates, et hanc chartam
concesserim.'
TRANSLATION.
"The Charter of JOHN, Lord of Ireland, concerning the
bounds and franchises of the City of Dublin, and of the liberties
granted thereto.
"John, Lord of Ireland, Earl of Morton, to all his subjects and
friends, French, English, Irish, and Welch, present and to come,
greeting.--Know ye, that I have given and granted, and by this my
charter confirmed, to my citizens of Dublin, as well those who inhabit
without the walls, as to those who dwell within them, as far as the
boundary of the town, that they may have their limits as they were
perambulated, by the oaths of the honest men of the city itself, in
pursuance of a precept sent to them by King Henry, my father; namely,
on the east and south sides of Dublin, by the pasture-grounds which
lead as far as the port of St. Keivin's church, and so along the
road as far as Kylemerekangan, and from thence, as they are divided
from the lands of Donenobroogi,[19] as far as the Doder, and from
the Doder to the sea, namely, to Clarade, close to the sea, and from
Clarade as far as Ramynelan. And on the west side of Dublin, from St.
Patrick's church, through the valley as far as Farnan-Clenegimethe;
and from thence, as they are divided from the lands of Kylmainam, near
Aven-Liffey, as far as the ford of Kilmastan; and beyond the water
of Aven-Liffey, towards the north by Cnocknogannoc; and from thence
as far as the Barns of the Holy Trinity; and from those Barns to the
gallows; and so as the division runs between Cloulic and Crynan, as
far as Tolecan, and afterwards to the church of St. Mary of Ostmanby.
These things we have also granted to them, that their tenures and land
be secure who have any granted to them in our charter; from thence
without the walls, as far as the before-mentioned limits; that the
city may not dispose of those lands as of other lands, but that they
observe the common customs of the city, as other citizens do. But this
we declare of those who have had our charter of certain lands, within
the said limits, without the walls, before we had granted the aforesaid
liberties and this charter."--_The History of the City of Dublin_, by
WALTER HARRIS, 8vo. Dublin, 1766, pp. 118, 119, 120.
[Footnote 19: Donenobroogi--Hodie--Donnybrook. The fame of its fair
is well known.]
The franchises of the city of Cork, according to Doctor Smith, in his
celebrated _History of Cork_, vol. I. p. 49, were perambulated in "an
handsome manner" [he says no more] on October 20, 1714; and the night
concluded with fire-works and illuminations in honour of his Majesty
King George I., whose coronation was that day celebrated in the city.
By an order of the D'oyer Hundred, the Mayor was ordered to ride round
the liberties and franchises of the city of Cork every third year.
Mr. Hardiman, in his _History of Galway_, mentions a similar
procession at Galway. And something similar occurred in the town of
Drogheda; but wholly divested of the splendid pomp and display which
shed such a lustre on the Dublin pageant.
The ceremony of riding the franchises in the city of Dublin was
one so peculiar and remarkable, that it certainly appeared to the
author worthy of being handed down as a curious historical record,
no similar ceremony of such pomp, circumstance, and pageantry, was
known in Britain. There was, no doubt, something extremely oriental in
this splendid pageant, which, if the reader will take the trouble to
peruse the Letters of Lady Mary Wortley Montague, from Adrianople, he
will find a striking similarity between the spectacle of riding the
Dublin franchises and the grand pageant which takes place when the
Grand-Signior leads his army in person. The account is as follows:--
"I took the pains of rising at six in the morning to see the ceremony,
which did not, however, begin till eight. The Grand-Signior was at
the Seraglio window to see the procession, which passed through the
principal streets. It was preceded by an _Effendi_, mounted on a camel
richly furnished, reading aloud the Alcoran, finely bound, laid upon a
cushion. He was surrounded by a parcel of boys in white, singing some
verses of it, followed by a man dressed in green boughs, representing a
clean husbandman sowing seed. After him several reapers with garlands
of ears of corn, as Ceres is pictured, with scythes in their hands,
seeming to mow. Then a little machine drawn by oxen, in which was a
windmill, and boys employed in grinding corn, followed by another
machine drawn by buffaloes, carrying an oven and two more boys, one
employed in kneading bread, and another in drawing it out of the oven.
These boys threw little cakes on both sides among the crowd, and were
followed by the whole company of bakers, marching on foot two by two,
in their best clothes, with cakes, loaves, pasties, and pies of all
sorts, on their heads; and after them two buffoons, or jack-puddings,
with their faces and clothes smeared with meal, who diverted the
mob with their antic gestures. In the same manner followed all the
companies of trade in the empire; the noble sort, such as jewellers,
mercers, &c., finely mounted, and many of the pageants that represent
their trades perfectly magnificent; among which that of the furriers
made one of the best figures, being a large machine, set round with the
skins of ermines, foxes, &c., so well stuffed, that the animals seemed
to be alive; and followed by music and dancers," &c. _Works of Lady
Wortley Montague_, London, 1805, vol. II. pp. 181, 182.
The Chief Magistrate of Dublin was formerly called Provost, and the
Sheriffs were styled Bailiffs, from the year 1308 until the year 1409,
when the title of Mayor was given. In the year 1547 the name of Bailiff
was changed into that of Sheriff. And in the year 1665 the title of
Mayor was elevated to the rank of Lord Mayor, Sir David Bellingham
being the first appointed.--See HARRIS'S _History of Dublin_,
Appendix, pp. 491 to 506.
"The city of Dublin anciently consisted," says Harris, "of twenty
corporations, to which five have been in latter times added.
"An ancient custom prevailed for a long time in the city of Dublin,
always against the great festivals of the year, to invite the Lord
Deputy, the nobility, and other persons of quality and rank, to an
entertainment, in which they first diverted them with stage plays, and
then regaled them with a splendid banquet. The several corporations
also, upon their patron's days, held themselves obliged to the like
observances, which were for a long time very strictly kept up and
practised.
"Thomas Fitzgerald, Earl of Kildare, and Lord Lieutenant of Ireland in
the year 1528, was invited to a new play every day in Christmas; Arland
Usher being then Mayor, and Francis Herbert and John Squire Bailiffs;
wherein the Taylors acted the part of Adam and Eve; the Shoemakers
represented the story of Crispin and Crispianus; the Vintners acted
Bacchus and his story; the Carpenters that of Joseph and Mary; Vulcan,
and what related to him, was acted by the Smiths; and the comedy of
Ceres, the goddess of Corn, by the Bakers. Their stage was erected on
Hoggin-Green, now called College-Green, and on it the priors of Saint
John of Jerusalem, of the blessed Trinity, and of All-Hallows, caused
two plays to be acted, the one representing the Passion of our Saviour,
and the other the several deaths which the apostles suffered."
It is stated in a manuscript in the library of Trinity College, Dublin,
"That in the parliament of 1541, wherein Henry VIII. was declared
king of Ireland, there were present the Earls of Ormond and Desmond,
the Lord Barry, Mac-Gilla-Phadrig Chieftaine of Ossory, the sons
of O'Brien, Mac-Carthy-More, with many Irish lords; and on Corpus
Christi Day they rode about the streets with the procession in their
parliament robes; and the nine worthies was played, and the Mayor bore
the mace before them on horseback. The Sunday following King Henry was
proclaimed king of Ireland in Saint Patrick's church; and the next
Sunday they had tournaments on horseback, and running at the ring with
spears on horseback."
Sir James Ware briefly alludes to these entertainments in the following
words: "_Epulas comædias, et certamina ludicra, quæ sequebantur,
quid attinet dicere?_" "It is needless," he remarks, "to relate what
banquets, comedies, and sports followed."
We now return to Harris's History of the City of Dublin.
"Among other days of solemnity the festival of Saint George was
celebrated with high veneration. In the choir-book of the city of
Dublin are several entries to that effect:
I.--It was ordered, in maintenance of the pageant of Saint George, that
the Mayor of the foregoing year should find the emperor and empress,
with their train and followers well apparelled and accoutered; that is
to say, the emperor attended with two doctors, and the empress with two
knights, and two maidens, richly apparelled, to bear up the train of
her gown.
II. _Item._--The Mayor, for the time being, was to find Saint George a
horse, and the Wardens to pay 3_s._ 4_d._ for his wages that day. The
Bailiffs; for the time being were to find four horses, with men mounted
on them well apparelled, to bear the pole-axe, the standard, and the
several swords of the emperor, and Saint George.
III. _Item._--The elder Master of the guild was to find a maiden well
attired, to load the dragon, and the clerk of the market was to find a
golden line for the dragon.
IV. _Item._--The elder Warden to find for Saint George four trumpets;
but Saint George himself was to pay their wages.
V. _Item._--The younger Warden was obliged to find the king of Dele
and the queen of Dele, as also two knights to lead the queen of Dele,
and two maidens to bear the train of her gown, all being entirely clad
in black apparel. Moreover, he was to cause Saint George's chapel to
be well hung in black, and completely apparelled to every purpose; and
was to provide it with cushions, rushes, and other necessaries, for the
festivity of that day.
No less was the preparation of pageants for the procession of Corpus
Christi Day, on which the Glovers were to represent Adam and Eve, with
an angel bearing a sword before them.
The Curriers were to represent Cain and Abel, with an altar, and their
offering.
Mariners and Vintners, Noah, and the persons in the Ark, apparelled in
the habits of Carpenters and Salmon-takers.
The Weavers personated Abraham and Isaac, with their offering and altar.
The Smiths represented Pharoah with his host.
The Skinners the camel with the children of Israel.
The Goldsmiths were to find the king of Cullen.
The Coopers were to find the Shepherds, with an angel singing _Gloria
in excelsis Deo_.
Corpus Christi guild was to find Christ in his passion, with the Marys
and Angels.
The Taylors were to find Pilate with his fellowship and his wife,
clothed accordingly.
The Barbers, Ann and Caiaphas.
The Fishers, the Apostles.
The Merchants, the Prophets.
And the Butchers, the Tormentors.
These interludes and representations carried with them the appearance
of the superstition of the times, which John Bale, Bishop of Ossory,
afterwards laboured to reform, by writing, with more sobriety, several
comedies and tragedies in the reign of King Edward VI., and, during his
banishment, in that of Queen Mary, upon religious subjects. Several
of those pieces are yet extant, printed in black letter; and though
they show the taste of the age, they would by no means please the
present."--_The History of the City of Dublin_, by WALTER HARRIS,
ESQ. 8vo. Dublin, 1766, pp. 142, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9.
CHAPTER III.--VOL. III., p. 36.
"_Running Footmen._"
MR. WEBER, in a note to "The Knight of the Burning Pestle,"
in his edition of the works of Beaumont and Fletcher, vol. I.
p. 194, Edinburgh, 1812, observes, that "the running footmen were a
fashionable piece of splendid folly prevalent at that time. They were
still kept by some noblemen in Scotland about the middle of the last
century, and are yet to be met with occasionally upon the continent.
Like the jockeys, they are put upon a particular diet; and in order to
prevent cramps, the calves of their legs are greased."
CHAPTER V.--VOL. III., p. 87.
"_Turnberry Castle._"
"The ruins of Turnberry Castle are on a promontory of the sea coast,
two miles west of Kirkoswald, and five south-west of Maybole. This
castle belonged to Alexander Earl of Carrick, who died in the
Holy Land, and left an only daughter, named Martha, who married
Robert Bruce, Lord of Annandale. In the expedition of Edward I. the
English were in possession of this castle. At present nothing more
than the foundation of the building, and some vaults beneath it,
remain."--PLAYFAIR'S _Geographical and Statistical Description
of Scotland_, vol. I. pp. 178, 179.
CHAPTER V.--VOL. III., p. 92.
"_Caerlaverock Castle._"
"_Caerlaverock Castle_ was founded in the sixth century by the son of
Lewarch Hen, a famous British poet; it was the chief seat of the family
of Maxwell in the days of King Malcolm Canmore. It stood on the north
shore of Solway Firth, nine miles from Dumfries, between the Nith and
Locher; and was deemed impregnable before the use of fire-arms. In the
reign of King Robert Bruce the proprietor of it demolished all its
fortifications, lest it should fall into the hands of the English. It
was, however, again fortified, for in 1355 it was taken by Sir Roger
Kirkpatrick, and levelled with the ground. Its materials were employed
to erect a new building, which was demolished by the Earl of Essex,
A. D. 1570. The fortifications of this place were once more renewed
by Robert, the first Earl of Nithisdale, in 1638, who nobly supported
the cause of Charles I., and maintained a considerable garrison at
his own expense."--PLAYFAIR'S _Geographical and Statistical
Description of Scotland_, vol. I. pp. 107, 108.
* * * * *
In closing the notes to the foregoing volumes, we are here desirous of
presenting the reader with a few historical documents of King James II.
who has stood forth so prominent a figure in the foregoing wild story,
as well as four original letters of that monarch, which heretofore have
never yet met the public eye.
In a small curious volume, which was published at Paris soon after the
decease of the Duke of York, then James II., edited by _Father Francis
Sanders, of the Society of Jesus, and Confessor to his late Majesty_,
the following passage occurs:--
"This exiled prince made several campaigns under the Marshal de
Turenne, and he showed every where so much courage and bravery, that
he gained mighty commendations from that general. The testimonies of
the Prince de Condé were no less glorious, who was often heard to say,
that if ever there was a man without fear, it was the Duke of York;
and he kept his character for intrepidity at all times, and upon all
occasions."
Lord Clarendon too in his "History of the Civil Wars in England,"
vol. III. p. 370, thus speaks of King James II. when Duke of
York, and engaged at the battle of Dunkirk: "There was a rumour spread
in the _French_ army that the Duke of York was taken prisoner by the
_English_, some men undertaking to say that they saw him in their
hands. Whereupon many of the _French_ officers and gentlemen resolved
to set him at liberty, and rode up to the body of _English_, and looked
upon their prisoners, and found they were misinformed; which if they
had not been, they would undoubtedly, at any hazard or danger, have
enlarged him. So great an affection that nation owned to have for His
Highness."
It is worthy of observation to mark the manner in which King James
expressed himself respecting the Abbé de Rancé, during his residence in
France; and likewise the Abbé's opinion of the abdicated monarch:
"I really think nothing has afforded me so much consolation since my
misfortunes, as the conversation of that venerable saint, the Abbé of
La Trappé. When I first arrived in France I had but a very superficial
view of religion; if, indeed, I might be said to have any thing
deserving that name. The Abbé de La Trappé was the first person who
gave me any solid instruction with respect to genuine Christianity.
"I formerly looked upon God as an omnipotent Creator, and as an
arbitrary governor; I knew his power to be irresistible, I therefore
thought his decrees must be submitted to, because they could not be
withstood. Now my whole view is changed: the Abbé de La Trappé has
taught me to consider this great God as my father, and to view myself
as adopted into his family. I now can look upon myself as become his
son, through the merits of my Saviour, applied to my heart by his
holy Spirit. I am now convinced, not only that we ought to receive
misfortunes with patience, because they are inevitable, but I also
feel assured that death, which rends the veil from all things, will
probably discover to us many new secrets of love and mercy in the
economy of God's providence, as in that of his grace. God, who gave up
his only Son to an accursed death for us, must surely have ordered all
inferior things by the same spirit of love."[20]
Such were King James's sentiments respecting M. de Rance. The Abbé, on
the other hand, entertained as high an opinion of him. The following
passage, concerning the unfortunate king of England, occurs in one of
M. de La Trappé's Letters to a Friend:--
"I will now speak to you concerning the king of England. I never saw
any thing more striking than the whole of his conduct; nor have I ever
seen any person more elevated above the transitory objects of time and
sense. His tranquillity and submission to the divine will are truly
marvellous. He really equals some of the most holy men of old, if
indeed he may not be rather said to surpass them.
"He has suffered the loss of three kingdoms; yet his equanimity and
peace of mind are undisturbed. He speaks of his bitterest enemies
without warmth; nor does he ever indulge in those insinuations which
even good men are too apt to fall into when speaking of their enemies.
He knows the meaning of two texts of Scripture which are too much
neglected: 'It is given you to suffer,' and, 'Despise not the gift of
God.' He therefore praises God for every persecution and humiliation
which he endures. He could not be in a more equable state of mind even
if he were in the meridian of temporal prosperity.
[Footnote 20: A Tour to Alet and La Grand Chartreuse, vol. II. pp.
335-6.]
"His time is always judiciously and regularly appropriated. His day is
filled up in so exact a manner, that nothing can be well either added
or retrenched from his occupations.
"All his pursuits tend to the love of God and man. He appears uniformly
to feel the divine presence. This is, perhaps, the first and most
important step in the divine life.--It is the foundation of all which
follow.
"The queen is in every respect influenced by the same holy desires.
"The union of these two excellent persons is founded on the love of God.
"It may be truly termed an holy and a sacred one."
"Such were M. de Rance's opinions of King James. It is impossible to
doubt but that the venerable Abbé de La Trappe was sincere in his
expressions."[21]
[Footnote 21: A Tour to Alet and La Grande Chartreuse, 8vo. London,
1816, vol. II. pp. 336, 337.]
FOUR
ORIGINAL LETTERS OF KING JAMES II.
DEPOSITED IN THE MSS. CLOSET OF TRINITY COLLEGE, DUBLIN, NEVER BEFORE
PUBLISHED, IN WHICH THE ORTHOGRAPHY IS PRESERVED.
LETTER I.
ADDREESSED, "FOR L: GEN: HAMILTON.§."
_Dublin May 1: 1689_:
I am sorry to find by yours of the 27: that Luisignan is so ill hurt
lett him know how much I am troubled at it, and make a complyment
to Pointz upon his being hurt also, you do very well to precaution
yourself against sallys, from a towne where there is so many men, and
pray let the Gen: officers who remaine not expose themselves to much,
I have sent you a power to pardon such as will accept of it, L^{d.}
Melfort shall give you an account of the troops I am a sending down
to you, as also of what cannon and mortars are a preparing with all
possible deligence, you shall have all I can send you to enable you
to reduce that rebellious towne, and to make the more noyse the D: of
Tyrconnel is a preparing to go downe to you, it being, as you well
observe, of the last consequence to master it, I expect to have an
account every moment of the arrival of the French fleett, for Besides
that the wind has been so many days faire for them, letters from
Kinsale say they were left but fifteen leagues from that port, you will
before this getts to you have been informed of Bohan's having entirely
beaten the rebels w^{ch.} were gott together in the County of Downe, at
least five thousand in number, and killed several hundreds of them on
the place, I hope the advice you had from Mrs. Lundy, will prove but a
story, if what a Sergeant w^{ch.} came from Leverpoole but last weeke
says be true, w^{ch.} you will know by this. §.
J. R.
I am a sending Dorrington downe to you. §.
LETTER II.
TO THE SAME.
_Dublin May 10: 1689_:
I am sorry for the losse of Ramsay, such accidents will happen, and one
must not be discouraged, I am sensible you have a hard worke on your
hands, but at last will I hope be able to overcome it, I am sending
downe one great mortar and two pieces of battery by land, and the same
number of both by sea, 'twas actually impossible to dispatch them
sooner, ten Comp: of Eustach will be soon with you, all well armed,
and clothed, and five Comp: of the same Reg: are to march downe, what
other I send, shall be well armed, I send you downe with this a paper
concerning Derry, you will see whether it be practicable or no, of
w^{ch.} none can judg, but you that are on the place, I am sending
downe, S^{r.} Ne: O Neal's Reg: of Dragoons into the Countys of Downe
and Antrim w^{ch.} will be the more necessary since you have ordered
Gen: Maj: Bohan to you, I thinke it absolutely necessary you should
not lett any more men come out of Derry, but for intelligence, or some
extraordinary occasion, for they may want provisions, and would be glad
to rid themselves of useless mouths,§
JAMES R.
LETTER III.
TO THE SAME.
_Dublin May 20: 1689_:
You will before this, have had an account from L^{d.} Melfort, of what
men, arms, and stors, have been sent you, and are designed for you, I
now send back to you this bearer L^{d.} Dungan to lett you know that
this day I have been informed by one who came from Chester on Wednesday
last, that Kirke was to sett saile with the first fair wind from thence
with fower reg^{s.} of foott, to endeavour to relieve Derry, I have
ordered a copy of the information to be sent you, I know you will do
your part to hinder if you can, their getting into that towne, for
should once more those English succors be obliged to return againe,
that rebelious towne could not hold out long with the force I send you,
but if you cannot hinder their getting into the towne you must then
take care to secure your retreat as well as you can, on your side,
and to take care also of the cannon, mortars and men, w^{ch.} are on
the east side of the river of Derry, for no doubt they will presse
you, when you draw off, in case you should be obliged to do it, what
I propose is that you should endeavour to keep Castlefin, Cladyford
bridg, and Strabane to hinder them from coming over those waters, this
I thinke may be easily done considering tho' they may be strong in
foott, they can have but few and bad horse, and that I designe to go
about to reduce Eniskilling, in the mean tyme I am thinkind of sending
some more troups towards Charlemont which will be ready to look toward
you, or Carrickfergus as occasion shall offer, lett Castlederg, be well
provided, I have sent some horse and dragoons to reinforce Sarsfield
at Sligo, and have ordered Pursell's dragoons to Belturbet, what els I
have to say, I refer to this bearer L^{d.} Dungan,§.
JAMES R.
LETTER IV.
TO THE SAME.
_Dublin July 8th. 1689_:
I do not find by what I heare from you and others that those in Derry
are so prest for want of victuals as once was believed, so that if
they could be prest otherways, it would do well, I am sensible you are
but ill furnished with wherewithal to carry on your trenches, and to
attaque them vigorously, but however I am sure you will do what is to
be done, I am afraide your French enginers tho very able men in their
trade may have been so used to have all things necessary provided for
them, and to want nothing, that they are not so industrious as others
lesse knowing men might be, and that they do not push on their worke as
they might do, having so much to say for themselves, upon the account
of their being so ill provided, however methinks they might have gott
Maderiers ready in all this tyme, to have lodged the miners w^{ch.} I
have seen done to a stronger towne than Derry, and where we wanted
cannon to mine their defences, I only hint this to you, not pretending
at this distance to judg whether it be practicable or no, and for
making of Maderiers, I am sure tis but the puling downe some house _in_
[_this word is partly erased in the original, but substituted by the
following_] neare Derry, or at Lifford or Strabane, where one may find
beams strong enough to make them, and tho Lattin be not to be gott,
new hids will do as well to preserve them from fire, this is only for
yourself, you have another letter from me about what had been reported
here, of some proposals made to you by those of Derry, to which I refer
you:§.
J. R.
[FROM THE MSS. CLOSET OF TRINITY COLLEGE, DUBLIN.]
ORIGINAL LETTER OF THE DUKE OF BERWICK,
NEVER BEFORE PUBLISHED,
ADDRESSED "TO LIEUTENANT-GENERAL HAMILTON, AT THE CAMP BEFORE DERRY."
_Trelick the 5th July_:
I received just now the honour of yours, and I will write to Carills
aboute Cap^{t.} Manus Odonnell. There is an escorte sent to meet the
amunition coming from Charlemont who is likewise guarded by a regiment
of foot.
I marched yesterday morning from Newtown-Stewart, and joyning Coll.
Sunderland at Omah I marched hither; my advance guard cutt off several
of their sentries, and a great many of the rebells party, with such
vigour, as they beat with 30 dragoons three troops of horse of theirs,
which were drawn up at a distance from us. Cap Patrick Bellue and Major
Magdonnel commanded the van-guard. There was eight or nine of the
enemy killed but none of ours. I went with my horse and dragoons within
four miles of Inniskiling and drove a great deale of cattle back to
Trelick where I am now and which is nine mile from Enniskiling. I am
sure no considerable party dearest stirr out from that towne for feare
of my being upon their backs, so that all backwards is secure. The
party of two hundred foot and fifty horse and dragoons that were left
at Belturbet under the command of L. Coll. Scott, are taken prisoners
officers and all. I can assure you that all the inhabitants of this
countrye are universally rebells. my humble service to Mareschall Rozen
and believe me, your most humble and obedient servant
BERWICK.
I forgot to tell you that our vanguard pursued so close three companies
of foot that they took one of their colours and two drumms within four
miles of Inniskiling, before I was come upp, this has entred[22] Coll:
Purcell's dragoons very well.
[Footnote 22: The orthography of the original is strictly preserved
throughout the above letter.]
[Illustration: _Fac-Simile of the Autograph and signet of King James
II._]
[Illustration: _Fac-Simile of the Autograph and Seal of the Duke of
Berwick._]
_T. Badge. sculpsit._
THE END.
☞ THE BOOK-BINDER will take care to place the Engraving, which presents
fac-similes of the hand-writing and seals of King James II. and the
Duke of Berwick, at the opposite page.
Transcriber's Notes:
A number of minor punctuation issues were resolved. Missing accents
have not been inserted. The orthography of correspondence has been
retained. The following changes in spelling were made in the narrative.
Page 4 inocuously is now innocuously
Page 16 promontary is now promontory
Page 25 guager is now gauger
Page 69 forboding is now foreboding
Page 83 wofully is now woefully
Page 90 martriculated is now matriculated
Page 93 cateract is now cataract
Page 102 fellowing is now following
Page 154 paragragh is now paragraph
Page 172 dispouere is now disponere