ELECTRIC STARTING AND LIGHTING EQUIPMENT
Fig. 89 shows a diagram of the Bijur lighting and starting system on
the Jeffrey “Chesterfield-six.” The generator supplies current for the
lights and charges a storage battery when the gas motor is running at
speeds equivalent to ten or more miles per hour on high gear.
When the gas motor is running at speeds corresponding to less than
ten miles per hour, all currents for lamps are drawn from the storage
battery.
The starting motor is in operation only during the period of starting,
and remains idle at all other times. The appliances shown in the
diagram constituting the equipment are a six volt constant voltage
generator, a six volt starting motor, starting switch, six volt hundred
ampere hour battery, lamp controller, and a high tension magneto. Due
to the reversible characteristics of the generator, no attention need
be paid to the polarity of the wiring when it is removed and again
replaced.
The starting motor pinion meshes with teeth on the flywheel when the
starting switch mounted on the housing covering the motor pinion is
compressed.
=Operation of System Shown in Diagram.=--After the gas motor reaches
a speed equivalent to a car speed of approximately ten miles per hour
on the third speed gear, the generator will generate and maintain a
constant voltage, or electrical pressure at higher speeds and will also
maintain this pressure constant at all loads.
The current output from the generator at any time will depend upon the
condition of the storage battery. If a car has been left standing for
some time with the lights burning, the storage battery will become more
or less discharged and its voltage lowered. Under these conditions the
generator voltage or pressure will be higher than that of the battery,
forcing a comparatively high charging current into the battery. This
current may be from 5 to 20 amperes, and the battery will rapidly
approach the fully charged condition.
[Illustration:
³⁄₈ LOOM
N^o. 14
N^o. 10
³⁄₈ LOOM
N^o. 14
N^o. 10
¹⁄₄ LOOM
N^o. 14
RIGHT HEAD LIGHT
TERMINAL POSTS
FUSES 10 AMPERES
NEGATIVE
STORAGE
BATTERY
GENERATOR
MAGNETO
POSITIVE
SWITCH
CYLINDERS
BATT -
LIGHTING
SWITCH
N^o. 14
N^o. 14
BATT +
TONNEAU LIGHT
GROUND
N^o. 10
GROUND FUSE
MAGNETO SWITCH
N^o. 18 DUPLEX
N^o. 14
N^o. 10
DASH & EXTENSION
LIGHT
AMMETER
N^o. 0
HORN BUTTON
REAR LIGHT
HEAD LIGHT
MOTOR
STARTING SWITCH
HORN
2⁵⁄₈ LOOM
Fig. 89. Wiring Diagram--Jeffrey-Chesterfield Six]
As a battery becomes charged its voltage increases reducing the
difference in pressure between the generator and battery and decreasing
the charging current to the battery.
ELECTRIC STARTING AND LIGHTING OPERATION
Current from the generator passes through an ammeter and this meter
shows the current being supplied to the battery and the lights, or to
the battery only when no lights are in operation.
=Starting Motor.=--The starting motor is provided with a square shaft
and carries a pinion which can be moved horizontally on this shaft.
This pinion meshes directly with teeth cut on the flywheel.
The starting pedal located at the driver’s seat connects through
linkage to fork which shifts the link on the square shaft of the motor.
The same foot pedal linkage operates the starting switch. Normally a
spring holds the motor pinion out of mesh with the flywheel teeth, and
also holds the starting switch in an “off” position.
=Operation of the Starter.=--Depressing the starter, one pedal operates
the starting switch and makes a preliminary contact which connects the
starting motor to the storage battery through a resistance located
inside of the starting switch. This resistance permits a small amount
of current to pass through the starting motor, causing its armatures
to rotate at relatively slow speed. This slow rotation insures proper
meshing of the pinion and flywheel teeth when they are brought into
engagement. Depressing the foot pedal also shifts the pinion on the
square shaft of the motor so as to bring it into contact with the teeth
on the flywheel.
When the pinion is in full mesh with the teeth on the fly, the moving
contact in the starting switch has traveled to a position where the
resistance is cut out of the circuit, connecting the storage battery
directly to the starting motor. The starting motor will then spin the
gas motor.
=Starting.=--First see that the necessary adjustments have been made,
then depress the starting foot pedal as far as it will go and hold it
firmly in place until the gas motor starts. The instant the gas motor
begins firing the foot pedal should be released. The starting pedal
should be pressed as far as it will go without any pausing on the
downward stroke.
Fig. 90 shows diagram of operation and wiring of the Bijur electrical
system used on Jeffery 4-cylinder car.
If the pinion and flywheel teeth do not mesh properly do not hold the
starting pedal down, release it and after a few seconds pause, depress
the pedal again.
If the gas motor does not start firing promptly after spinning it with
the electric motor, do not continue to spin it, but see that the proper
adjustments for starting have been made and that there is gasoline in
the carburetor, and that the ignition is in working order.
Continued spinning of the gas motor by the electric motor will not
damage the electrical equipment but constitutes a useless drain on the
storage battery and should be avoided.
=Wiring.=--Fig. 90 shows the circuits for all electric appliances on
the Jeffrey-4 car. The various units are wired on the two-wire system.
The “out of focus” filaments in the head lamp bulbs are wired on the
three-wire system, the chassis acting as a neutral wire, one side of
the “out of focus” filament being grounded in the head lamps. The “in
focus” filaments are on the two-wire system.
The dash lamp is on the tail lamp circuit and is so arranged that these
two lamps are always in operation when any combination of head lamp
filaments are in use.
=Fuse Circuits.=--Each head lamp is separately fused, the current for
both filaments in each head lamp bulb passing through one fuse.
[Illustration:
GROUND TO OIL PIPE
GROUNDED TO INSTRUMENT
ASSEMBLY
RIGHT HEAD LIGHT
GENERATOR
DASH LAMP
SWITCH
INDICATOR
CYLINDERS
1 2 3 4
CONNECTIONS THROUGH SWITCH
IN “DIM” POSITION
FUSE AND
JUNCTION BLOCK
HORN
CONNECTIONS THROUGH SWITCH
IN “ON” POSITION
MAGNETO
HORN BUTTON
MOTOR
STARTING SWITCH
BATTERY
WIRING FOR 6-CYLINDER MODEL
661 IS THE SAME AS FOR 4-CYLINDER
MODEL 462, EXCEPT FOR HIGH TENSION
LEADS BETWEEN MAGNETO
AND SPARK PLUGS.
LEFT HEAD LIGHT
NOTE:--DOTTED LINES INDICATE PERMANENT
CONNECTIONS BETWEEN FUSE
CABINET, DASH LAMP, CURRENT INDICATOR
AND SWITCH. CONNECTIONS AS SHOWN
FACING FUSE CABINET.
SWITCH GROUNDED
REAR
Fig. 90. Wiring Diagram--Jeffrey-Four]
Separate fuses are provided for the electric horn circuit and for the
rear lamp circuit. The push button for operating the electric horn is
mounted on the center of the steering post.
=Ground Fuse.=--A fuse is located in the ground circuit between the
lamp controller and the magneto top to ground.
[Illustration: Fig. 91. Hydrometer Syringe]
=Lamp Controller.=--A pair of wires from the terminals of the storage
battery connect to the five position lamp controller. All lighting
circuits connected to this controller which may be locked in any of the
five positions.
Oiling should be practiced regularly every two weeks or every five
hundred miles. Two or three drops of thin neutral oil should be put in
each of the two oilers of the motor and in each of the two oilers of
the generator. Do not flood the bearings with oil.
At the same time the starting motor shaft should be oiled. An oil hole
is provided in the top of the starting motor gear case and about ten
drops of cylinder oil should be used.
Fig. 91 shows a hydrometer syringe used for determining the specific
gravity or density of the solutions in the battery cells.
To take specific gravity readings unscrew the filler or vent plug and
insert the tube into the cell and release bulb slowly to draw the acid
solution into the chamber until the hydrometer floats. The enlarged
graduated stem shows a reading of 1.280 at the point where it emerges
from the solution. After testing, the solution must be returned to the
cell from which it was taken. Specific readings above 1200 show the
battery more than half charged.
Gravity below 1.150 indicates battery completely discharged or run down.
Should the gravity fall below 1.150 the gas motor should be given a
long run to restore the battery.