General: Bury, J. B., _A History of the Later Roman Empire_, bk. i, ch.
iv; Bussell, _The Roman Empire_, bk. ii, chs. i–ii; Reid, J. S., _Camb.
Med. Hist._, vol. i, ch. ii; Karlowa, O., _Römische Rechtsgeschichte_, i,
pp. 822–929; Schiller, _Römische Kaiserzeit_, ii, bk. iii, ch. i; Seeck,
_Geschichte_, vol. ii, bk. iii.
Special: Bell, N., _The Byzantine Servile State in Egypt_, _Jour. Egypt.
Arch._, iv; Boak, _Roman Magistri in the Civil and Military Service of the
Empire_, _Harvard Studies in Class. Phil._, 1915; _The Master of the
Offices in the Later Roman and Byzantine Empires_; Hirschfeld, _Die
Ranktitel der röm. Kaiserzeit_, _Sitzungsbericht der Berliner Akademie_,
1901; Liebenam, _Städteverwaltung_; Rostowzew, see chap, xix, colonate;
Waltzing, _Corporations Professionelles_; Wilcken, see chap. xix,
provinces.