Hobart M. Smith (_in litt._) stated that this record was based on a
report of _Elaps fulvius_ from Zamora by Duges (1896:482). Smith guessed
that the report was based on a specimen of _Micrurus fitzingeri_. The
specimen has not been seen. Although the species is known from
Guanajuato and Mexico, until a specimen is available from Michoacan, the
species should not be considered part of the herpetofauna of Michoacan.
GAZETTEER
The localities in Michoacan here listed are those from which specimens
were examined as well as other localities mentioned in the text. The
localities are arranged alphabetically according to the most definitive
word or words in the total name. For example, Lago de Chapala is listed
as "Chapala (Lago de)" and Cerro de Tancitaro is listed as "Tancitaro
(Cerro de)." Insofar as has been possible, the following information is
given for each locality: geographical co-ordinates to the nearest minute
of north latitude and west longitude, elevation in meters above mean sea
level, a description of its geographical location, type of dominant
vegetation, and in some cases comments concerning collecting sites in
the vicinity. Distances are in kilometers; all are map (air line)
distances, unless otherwise indicated. Many localities visited on mule
trips are given as being a certain number of "mule hours" in a general
direction from another town or village. In order to reach most of these
localities today, one would have to go by mule, and this is the way the
muleteers determine their distances. Some of the elevations are taken
from maps, but most of them were obtained from one or more readings of
altimeters that we carried in the field. The terms used for describing
the vegetation are those defined in the section of the natural
landscape.
[Illustration: FIG. 11. Map of Michoacan showing important localities
mentioned in text. Localities not on this map can be located by
directions given in the gazetteer.]
My primary cartographic sources have been: the provisional edition of
maps published by the American Geographic Society (Colima, Guadalajara,
Mexico, and San Luis Potosi sheets published between 1933 and 1940),
scale 1:1,000,000; the preliminary sheets (Colima, Guadalajara,
Guanajuato, and Mexico) published in 1949 with a scale of 1:500,000 of
the Carta Geografica de la Republica Mexicana (Direccion de Geografia y
Meterologia, Secretaria de Agricultura y Ganaderia); and the Carta de
Cuenca Tepalcatepec (Scale 1:250,000) prepared in 1958 by the Comision
del Tepalcatepec, Secretaria de Recursos Hidraulicos. I have visited
most of the 181 localities and have gathered data pertaining to
vegetation, altitude, and location. I think, nevertheless, that the
accuracy of some of the locations and elevations as given in the
gazetteer is questionable. This situation can be rectified only by
detailed geographic studies.
Most of the important towns, villages, rivers, and high mountains are
shown on the accompanying map (Fig. 11). Places not shown on this map
can be located from directions given in the gazetteer.
Acahuata.--Lat. 19 deg. 10', long. 102 deg. 21', elev. 1040 m. A
village north of Apatzingan and on the southern slope of
Cerro de Tancitaro; transition between arid tropical scrub
forest and pine-oak forest; tropical semi-deciduous forest in
barrancas.
Agua Cerca.--Lat. 19 deg. 06', long. 101 deg. 45', elev. 1550 m. A
ranch south-southwest of Ario de Rosales on the road to La
Huacana; pine-oak forest.
Aguililla.--Lat. 18 deg. 45', long. 102 deg. 47', elev. 860 m.; a
town in a low valley in the Sierra de Coalcoman; arid
tropical scrub forest.
Alamo (El).--Lat. 19 deg. 42', long. 100 deg. 55', elev. 2300 m. A
ranch 5 kilometers by road east of El Temazcal; pine-oak
forest.
Angahuan.--Lat. 19 deg. 33', long. 102 deg. 14', elev. 2440 m. A
Tarascan village about 27 kilometers northwest of Uruapan;
pine forest. Much of the land is still covered by a deep
layer of ashes from the nearby Volcan Paricutin.
Apatzingan.--Lat. 19 deg. 06', long. 102 deg. 22', elev. 335 m. The
largest town in the Tepalcatepec Valley; arid tropical scrub
forest.
Apiza (Boca de).--Lat. 18 deg. 42', long. 103 deg. 44', sea level.
The name of the mouth of the Rio Coahuayana; sandy beach and
coco palms.
Apo.--Lat. 19 deg. 25', long. 102 deg. 25', elev. 2160 m. A village
on the western slope of Cerro de Tancitaro; pine-oak forest.
Aquila.--Lat. 18 deg. 32', long. 103 deg. 30', elev. 150 m. A small
village on the Rio Aquila in the seaward foothills of the
Sierra de Coalcoman; tropical semi-deciduous forest.
Araparicuaro.--Lat. 19 deg. 22', long. 102 deg. 12', elev. 1525 m. A
village 19 kilometers west-southwest of Uruapan on the trail
to Tancitaro; pine-oak forest.
Araro.--Lat. 19 deg. 54', long. 100 deg. 50', elev. 1830 m. A small
village at the eastern end of the Lago de Cuitzeo lakebed;
mesquite-grassland.
Ario de Rosales.--Lat. 19 deg. 12', long. 101 deg. 42', elev. 1980
m. A town in the Cordillera Volcanica on the road from
Patzcuaro to La Huacana; mixed hardwoods and pine forest.
Arteaga (formerly Carrizal).--Lat. 18 deg. 28', long. 102 deg. 25',
elev. 850 m. A town in the eastern part of the Sierra de
Coalcoman; transition between arid tropical scrub forest and
oak forest.
Atzimba.--Lat. 19 deg. 39', long. 100 deg. 47', elev. 2900 m. A
national park in the Cordillera Volcanica, located between
Ciudad Hidalgo and Morelia, 32 kilometers by road
west-southwest of Ciudad Hidalgo; mixed pine and fir forest.
Axolotl (Rancho).--Lat. 19 deg. 47', long. 100 deg. 38', elev. 2900
m. A settlement on the western slopes of Cerro San Andres;
pine, oak, and fir forest.
Balsas (Rio).--A large river having its headwaters in
Tlaxcala, Puebla, and northwestern Oaxaca, flowing westward
through an arid valley to the Pacific Ocean, and in its
lower part forming the boundary between Michoacan and
Guerrero.
Barolosa (Cerro de).--Lat. 18 deg. 52', long. 102 deg. 57', elev.
2900-3050 m. Presumably the highest mountain in the Sierra
de Coalcoman and located about 13 hours by mule
east-northeast of Coalcoman; open pine-oak-fir forest and
alder thickets.
Barolosa (Rancho).--Lat. 18 deg. 50', long. 103 deg. 00', elev. 2320
m. A small ranch on the west-northwestern slope of Cerro de
Barolosa, about 11 hours by mule east-northeast of
Coalcoman; open pine-oak forest.
Barranca Seca.--Lat. 19 deg. 32', long. 102 deg. 15', elev. 2100 m.
A small village about 7 kilometers northwest of San Juan de
Parangaricutiro; pine forest.
Bejuco (Barranca de).--Lat. 18 deg. 07', long. 102 deg. 48', elev.
90 m. A barranca in the lower slopes of the Sierra de
Coalcoman just west of the lower reaches of the Rio Nexpa;
tropical semi-deciduous forest.
Buenavista (Tomatlan).--Lat. 19 deg. 17', long. 102 deg. 36', elev.
425 m. A village on the Rio Masiaco in the Tepalcatepec
Valley, 33 kilometers by road west-northwest of Apatzingan;
open arid tropical scrub forest.
Buena Vista.--Lat. 18 deg. 40', long. 102 deg. 09', elev. 600 m. A
ranch on the northeastern slopes of the Sierra de Coalcoman;
arid tropical scrub forest.
Cachan (Rio).--Lat. 18 deg. 14', long. 103 deg. 14'. A river formed
by the affluence of the Rio Coalcoman and the Rio San Jose
and flowing into the Pacific Ocean at a point indicated by
the co-ordinates given above. Sometimes the name is applied
to the lower part of the river as used here; other times the
name is used for the entire length of the Rio Coalcoman.
Camichines.--Lat. 18 deg. 47', long. 103 deg. 05', elev. 1070 m. A
ranch about 5 kilometers east-northeast of Coalcoman;
transition between arid tropical scrub forest and oak
forest.
Camecuaro (Lago de).--Lat. 19 deg. 55', long. 102 deg. 13', elev.
1615 m. A small lake (depth to about 10 m.) drained by the
Rio Duero and located one kilometer north-northwest of
Tangancicuaro; mesquite-grassland and some cypress and oak
around the lake.
Cancita (Rio).--A tributary of the Rio Tepalcatepec flowing
southward from the southeastern slope of Cerro de Tancitaro.
Cantiles (Los).--Lat. 19 deg. 43', long. 100 deg. 55', elev. 2160 m.
A ranch 33 kilometers by road east of Morelia; pine forest.
Capacuaro.--Lat. 19 deg. 33', long. 102 deg. 02', elev. 2070 m. A
Tarascan village 18 kilometers by road north of Uruapan;
pine forest.
Capirio.--Lat. 18 deg. 52', long. 102 deg. 08', elev. 180 m. A
village on the Rio Tepalcatepec, 22 kilometers by road south
of Nueva Italia; open arid tropical scrub forest and some
gallery forest along the river.
Carapan.--Lat. 19 deg. 52', long. 102 deg. 02', elev. 2070 m. A
village on the northern edge of the Sierra de los Tarascos,
32 kilometers by road west of Zacapu; pine-oak forest at
village and to the south; mesquite-grassland immediately to
the north.
Cerrito (El).--Lat. 18 deg. 45', long. 103 deg. 40', elev. 15 m. A
ranch about 3 kilometers northeast of Coahuayana; tropical
semi-deciduous forest.
Chapala (Lago de).--A large lake on the Mexican Plateau at
an elevation of 1525 m., partly in the state of Jalisco. It
is drained by the Rio Grande de Santiago, which flows
northward and then westward into the Pacific Ocean.
Immediately to the east of the lake are remnants of once
extensive marshes.
Charapendo.--Lat. 19 deg. 15', long. 102 deg. 04', elev. 975 m. A
village 24 kilometers by road south of Uruapan near the
upper limit of the arid tropical scrub forest in the
Tepalcatepec Valley.
Cheran.--Lat. 19 deg. 42', long. 101 deg. 57', elev. 2350 m. A
Tarascan village 27 kilometers by road south-southeast of
Carapan; pine forest.
Chichihuas.--Lat. 18 deg. 47', long. 103 deg. 12', elev. 1200 m. A
ranch about 6 kilometers west-southwest of Coalcoman; scrub
oak forest.
Chinapa.--Lat. 19 deg. 22', long. 100 deg. 51', elev. 930 m. A small
village on the Rio Chinapa, 43 kilometers south of El
Temzcal on the road to Huetamo; arid tropical scrub forest.
Chupio.--Lat. 19 deg. 10', long. 101 deg. 27', elev. 1080 m. A
village 12 kilometers by road south of Tacambaro; transition
between arid tropical scrub forest and oak forest.
Churumuco.--Lat. 18 deg. 37', long. 101 deg. 38', elev. 210 m. A
small town in the Balsas Valley; arid tropical scrub forest.
Cienega (La).--Lat. 18 deg. 28', long. 103 deg. 18', elev. 900 m. A
ranch about 3 hours by mule north of Coire; tropical
semi-deciduous forest.
Coahuayana.--Lat. 18 deg. 44', long. 103 deg. 31', elev. 15 m. A
village on the coastal plain near the mouth of the Rio
Coahuayana; arid tropical scrub forest and tropical
semi-deciduous forest.
Coalcoman.--Lat. 18 deg. 47', long. 103 deg. 08', elev. 945 m. The
largest town in the Sierra de Coalcoman and situated in a
valley about 12 by 6 kilometers; arid tropical scrub forest
on valley floor; oaks and some tropical semi-deciduous
forest on surrounding slopes.
Coalcoman (Rio).--A river having its headwaters northeast of
the town of Coalcoman and flowing southward to join with the
Rio San Jose to form the Rio Cachan.
Coalcoman (Sierra de).--A highland mass outlined by the Rio
Coahuayana and its tributaries on the west, the Rio
Tepalcatepec on the north, and the Rio Balsas on the east,
and the Pacific Ocean on the south. The axis of the sierra
extends for about 200 kilometers in a west-northwest to
east-southeast direction; the mountains are nearly 80
kilometers in breadth; the highest parts of the range are
about 3000 meters above sea level.
Cofradia.--Lat. 18 deg. 56', long. 102 deg. 17', elev. 215 m. A
ranch about 17 kilometers southeast of Apatzingan; arid
tropical scrub forest.
Coire.--Lat. 18 deg. 26', long. 103 deg. 22', elev. 300 m. A village
on the seaward foothills of the Sierra de Coalcoman on the
Rio Coire; tropical semi-deciduous forest.
Cojumatlan.--Lat. 20 deg. 07', long. 102 deg. 51', elev. 1530 m. A
village on the southeastern shore of Lago de Chapala;
mesquite-grassland.
Colola (Rio).--A small river emptying into the Pacific Ocean
between Maruata and Punto San Telmo.
Conejos (Los).--Lat. 19 deg. 22' long. 102 deg. 07', elev. 1850 m. A
village 6 kilometers west-southwest of Uruapan, and
sometimes known as Nuevo San Juan; pine-oak forest.
Copandaro.--Lat. 19 deg. 54', long. 101 deg. 12', elev. 1800 m. A
village on the south edge of the Lago de Cuitzeo lakebed;
mesquite-grassland.
Copuyo (Capuyo or Copullo).--Lat. 18 deg. 28', long. 100 deg. 56',
elev. 1200 m. A small village about 5 kilometers by road
west of Paso Ancho; transition between arid tropical scrub
forest and oak forest.
Cordillera Volcanica.--A mountain range along the southern
edge of the Mexican Plateau, roughly along the nineteenth
parallel, and made up of many volcanos; the range extends
from Volcan de Colima on the west to Cofre de Perote and
Orizaba in Veracruz; several of the volcanos reach
elevations of more than 4000 meters.
Corralito (El).--Lat. 18 deg. 52', long. 102 deg. 38', elev. 270 m.
A small village in the Tepalcatepec Valley, about 30
kilometers southwest of Apatzingan; arid tropical scrub
forest.
Corupu (Corupo).--Lat. 19 deg. 28', long. 102 deg. 19', elev. 2450
m. A village 29 kilometers northwest of Uruapan; pine
forest.
Cuatro Caminos.--Lat. 19 deg. 00', long. 102 deg. 05' elev. 335 m. A
village 4 kilometers south of Nueva Italia; arid tropical
scrub forest.
Cuilala (Playa).--Lat. 18 deg. 10', long. 103 deg. 06', sea level. A
sandy beach on the Pacific Ocean just east of La Higuerita.
Cuitzeo.--Lat. 19 deg. 58', long. 101 deg. 09', 1800 m. A village on
the north shore of the Lago de Cuitzeo lakebed;
mesquite-grassland.
Cuitzeo (Lago de).--A large lakebed on the Mexican Plateau
at an elevation of 1800 m. In dry years there is little
water in the lake, and most of the lakebed is dry; in very
wet years the entire lakebed is flooded. The Rio de Morelia
flows into the lake, which has no outlet; surrounding
vegetation is mesquite-grassland.
Cuseno Station.--Lat. 19 deg. 30', long. 102 deg. 16', elev. 2200 m.
A field station of the American Geological Society
established in 1945 and demolished in 1953; located at the
northern edge of the lava flow at Volcan Paricutin; remnants
of pine forest.
Diezmo (El).--Lat. 18 deg. 26', long. 103 deg. 19', elev. 850 m. A
ranch about 8 kilometers north of Coire; tropical
semi-deciduous forest.
Dos Aguas.--Lat. 18 deg. 45', long. 102 deg. 55', elev. 2100 m. A
lumber camp on the eastern slope of Cerro de Barolosa,
located about 22 kilometers west-northwest of Aguililla;
pine-oak forest and some fir forest in sheltered ravines.
Duero (Rio).--A small river having its headwaters near
Tangancicuaro and flowing northwestward into the Rio Lerma;
source of irrigation water for surrounding agricultural
area.
Emiliano Zapata.--Lat. 18 deg. 59', long. 102 deg. 39' elev. 1600 m.
A town 10 kilometers east of Jiquilpan; mesquite-grassland
and irrigated fields.
Erongaricuaro.--Lat. 19 deg. 35', long. 101 deg. 43', elev. 2150 m.
A Tarascan village on the western shore of Lago de
Patzcuaro; pine forest.
Espinal (El).--Lat. 18 deg. 27', long. 102 deg. 07', elev. 500 m. A
ranch in the northern foothills of the Sierra de Coalcoman,
9 kilometers by road north-northeast of San Salvador; arid
tropical scrub forest.
Estopilas (Salitre de).--Lat. 18 deg. 30', long. 103 deg. 23', elev.
130 m. A small village about 10 kilometers east of Ostula;
tropical semi-deciduous forest and arid tropical scrub
forest.
Garnica (Cerro).--Lat. 19 deg. 43', long. 100 deg. 48', elev. 3000
m. A mountain about 8 kilometers north of Pino Gordo;
pine-oak-fir forest.
Garnica (Puerto de).--Lat. 19 deg. 42', long. 100 deg. 51', elev.
2840 m. A mountain pass 46 kilometers by road west of Ciudad
Hidalgo; pine and fir forest.
Gregorio (San).--Lat. 19 deg. 25', long. 101 deg. 24', elev. 2200 m.
A ranch about 16 kilometers southeast of Patzcuaro; pine
forest.
Guayabo.--Lat. 18 deg. 45', long. 102 deg. 15', elev. 760 m. A
village in the Sierra de Coalcoman about 32 kilometers
north-northeast of Arteaga; upper limits of arid tropical
scrub forest.
Herradero (Barranca de).--Lat. 18 deg. 17', long. 103 deg. 08',
elev. 200-250 m. A barranca south of San Pedro Naranjestila
in the Sierra de Coalcoman; tropical semi-deciduous forest.
Hidalgo (Ciudad).--Lat. 19 deg. 32', long. 100 deg. 34', elev. 2100
m. A town in the valley of the Rio Tuxpan;
mesquite-grassland and pine-oak forest.
Higuerita (La).--Lat. 18 deg. 12', long. 103 deg. 06', sea level. A
place name on the Pacific coast; sandy beach and arid
tropical scrub forest.
Higuertas (Las).--Lat. 18 deg. 39', long. 103 deg. 17', elev. 1600
m. A ranch about 7 hours by mule southwest of Coalcoman;
pine-oak forest.
Hondo (Puerto).--Lat. 19 deg. 25', long. 100 deg. 13', elev. 2750 m.
A pass in the mountains, 14 kilometers by road east of
Zitacuaro (just west of Macho de Agua); pine, oak, and fir
forest.
Huancana (La).--Lat. 18 deg. 58', long. 101 deg. 50', elev. 550 m. A
village in the Balsas Basin; arid tropical scrub forest.
Huahua (La).--Lat. 18 deg. 12', long. 103 deg. 00', sea level. A
small village on the Pacific coast; arid tropical scrub
forest and gallery forest along the Arroyo de Huahua.
Huetamo.--Lat. 18 deg. 38', long. 100 deg. 53', elev. 300 m. A town
in the Balsas Valley; arid tropical scrub forest.
Huingo.--Lat. 19 deg. 55', long. 100 deg. 50', elev. 1800 m. A
village on the eastern edge of the Lago de Cuitzeo lakebed;
mesquite-grassland.
Jacona.--Lat. 19 deg. 57', long. 102 deg. 18', elev. 1600 m. A small
town, 4.3 kilometers by road southwest of Zamora;
mesquite-grassland.
Jaramillo.--Lat. 19 deg. 20', long. 102 deg. 02', elev. 1500 m. A
ranch 9 kilometers by road south of Uruapan; pine-oak
forest.
Jazmin.--Lat. 18 deg. 52', long. 101 deg. 58', elev. 275 m. A
village in the Tepalcatepec Valley, 32 kilometers by road
southeast of Cuatro Caminos; open arid tropical scrub
forest.
Jerahuaro.--Lat. 19 deg. 52', long. 100 deg. 35', elev. 2600 m. A
town in the northern part of the state and located east of
Lago de Cuitzeo; pine-oak forest.
Jiquilpan.--Lat. 19 deg. 59', long. 102 deg. 43', elev. 1570 m. A
town just southeast of Lago de Chapala; mesquite-grassland.
Jorullo (Volcan).--Lat 19 deg. 00', long. 101 deg. 45', elev. 1300
m. (crest). A cinder and lava cone rising from the foothills
of the Cordillera Volcanica; arid tropical scrub forest on
lower slopes and pine-oak forest on top.
Jungapeo.--Lat. 19 deg. 26', long. 100 deg. 29', elev. 1430 m. A
village in the valley of the Rio Tuxpan, about 13 kilometers
south of Tuxpan on the southern slopes of the Mexican
Plateau; tropical semi-deciduous forest and pine-oak forest.
Lengua de Vaca (Puerto de).--Lat. 19 deg. 26', long. 100 deg. 13',
elev. 2900 m. A pass in the mountains at the
Michoacan-Mexico border through which passes the Mexico
City-Morelia highway; pine and fir forest.
Lerma (Rio).--A river originating in the state of Mexico and
flowing westward, and forming the northern boundary of the
state of Michoacan, to Lago de Chapala.
Lima (San Juan de).--Lat. 18 deg. 29', long. 102 deg. 42', sea
level. A ranch on the Pacific coast; arid tropical scrub
forest and tropical semi-deciduous forest.
Lima (Punta San Juan de).--Lat. 18 deg. 38', long. 102 deg. 43', sea
level. A rocky promontory jutting into the Pacific Ocean
just southwest of San Juan de Lima; arid tropical scrub
forest.
Limoncito.--Lat. 18 deg. 45', long. 102 deg. 43', elev. 730 m. A
ranch 10 kilometers north of Aguililla; arid tropical scrub
forest; tropical semi-deciduous gallery forest along the
nearby Rio Tepecuate.
Lombardia.--Lat. 19 deg. 08', long. 102 deg. 02', elev. 640 m. A
town in the Tepalcatepec Valley, 38 kilometers by road south
of Uruapan; arid tropical scrub forest.
Lleguas (Acuaro de las).--Lat. 18 deg. 48', long. 102 deg. 52',
elev. 2320 m. A place name for a stream and meadow (Llano de
la Llegua) surrounded by pine-oak forest, located about 10
hours by mule east of Coalcoman.
Macho de Agua.--Lat. 19 deg. 25', long. 100 deg. 15', elev. 2850 m.
A ranch just west of Puerto de Lengua de Vaca and 16
kilometers by road east of Zitacuaro; mixed oak, pine, and
fir forest.
Maquili.--Lat. 18 deg. 36', long. 103 deg. 32', elev. 120 m. A
village on the Rio Aquila about 3 kilometers south-southwest
of Aguila; tropical semi-deciduous forest.
Maravatio.--Lat. 19 deg. 53', long. 100 deg. 27', elev. 2010 m. A
town in the Rio Lerma Valley; irrigated fields on flats and
pine-oak forest on slopes.
Marquez (Rio).--A tributary to the Rio Tepalcatepec, flowing
through a deep gorge (Barranca del Marquez) between
Lombardia and Nueva Italia. The stream originates from
springs near Uruapan, where the stream is known as the Rio
Cupatitzio.
Maruata.--Lat. 18 deg. 17', long. 103 deg. 20', sea level. Place
name for a Nineteenth Century port of little importance near
the mouth of the Rio Coire; sandy beach, fresh-water lagoon,
and arid tropical scrub forest.
Mexcala (Laguna).--Lat. 18 deg. 29', long. 103 deg. 41', sea level.
A brackish lagoon surrounded by mangroves, located just
southwest of El Ticuiz.
Mil Cumbres.--Lat. 19 deg. 39', long. 100 deg. 47', elev. 2800 m. A
name for a look-out on the Mexico-Morelia highway in Atzimba
National Park, about 32 kilometers by road west-southwest of
Ciudad Hidalgo; pine and fir forest.
Mira (La).--Lat. 18 deg. 05', long. 102 deg. 20', elev. 20 m. A
small village about 5 kilometers north-northeast of Playa
Azul; arid tropical scrub forest.
Morelia.--Lat. 19 deg. 43', long. 101 deg. 10', elev. 1900 m.
Capital of and largest city in Michoacan; mesquite-grassland
on flats and pine-oak forest on surrounding hills.
Morelia (Rio de).--A small, intermittent stream originating
in the mountains south of Morelia and emptying into Lago de
Cuitzeo.
Motin del Oro.--Lat. 18 deg. 14', long. 103 deg. 48', sea level. A
ranch on the Pacific coast; arid tropical scrub forest.
Motin (Rio).--Lat. 18 deg. 13', long. 103 deg. 48' (mouth). A small
river flowing from the Sierra de Coalcoman into the Pacific
Ocean.
Nahuatzen (Nauhuatzin).--Lat. 19 deg. 42', long. 101 deg. 50', elev.
2450 m. A Tarascan village in the mountains west of Lago de
Patzcuaro; pine forest.
Nexpa (Rio).--Lat. 18 deg. 05', long. 102 deg. 47' (mouth). A large
river draining the central part of the Sierra de Coalcoman,
originating near Aguililla, and flowing into the Pacific
Ocean.
Nogueleras.--Lat. 18 deg. 34', long. 103 deg. 17', elev. 1600 m. A
ranch about 10 hours by mule south-southwest of Coalcoman;
oak forest.
Nueva Italia.--Lat. 19 deg. 02', long. 102 deg. 07', elev. 380 m. A
town in the Tepalcatepec Valley, 59 kilometers by road south
of Uruapan; arid tropical scrub forest.
Nuevo (Rancho).--Lat. 18 deg. 26', long. 102 deg. 07', elev. 520 m.
A ranch 7 kilometers by road north-northeast of San Salvador
in the northern foothills of the Sierra de Coalcoman; arid
tropical scrub forest.
Ocorla.--Lat. 18 deg. 38', long. 103 deg. 07', elev. 885 m. A ranch
about 6 hours by mule south-southeast of Coalcoman; scrubby
oak forest.
Opopeo.--Lat. 19 deg. 24', long. 101 deg. 37', elev. 2800 m. A
village 16 kilometers south of Patzcuaro; pine and fir
forest.
Orilla (La).--Lat. 18 deg. 00', long. 102 deg. 12', elev. 10 m. The
site of a former hacienda of the same name near the mouth of
the Rio Balsas; arid tropical scrub forest.
Oropeo.--Lat. 18 deg. 52', long. 101 deg. 48', elev. 300 m. A
village in the Tepalcatepec Valley about 13 kilometers south
of La Huacana; arid tropical scrub forest.
Ostula.--Lat. 18 deg. 30', long. 103 deg. 28', elev. 120 m. A
village in the seaward foothills of the Sierra de Coalcoman,
located on the Rio Ostula about 16 kilometers east-southeast
of La Placita; arid tropical scrub forest and scattered
tropical semi-deciduous forest.
Ozumatlan (Sierra de).--A range in the Cordillera Volcanica
extending east-northeast from a point south of Morelia to
Querendaro and reaching elevations in excess of 2600 m.
Palma (La).--Lat. 20 deg. 09', long. 102 deg. 46', elev. 1525 m. A
village on the southeastern shore of Lago de Chapala;
lake-shore marshes and mesquite-grassland.
Paracho.--Lat. 19 deg. 39', long. 102 deg. 02', elev. 2375 m. A
Tarascan village in the Cordillera Volcanica, located 35
kilometers by road north of Uruapan; pine forest.