[46] Cape Breton was restored to the French after the peace _Historical Record of the Thirty-first, or, the Huntingdonshire Regiment of Foot; containing an account of the formation of the regiment in 1702, and of its subsequent services to 1850

Aix-la-Chapelle in 1748. It was retaken in 1758 by Admiral Boscawen

and General Sir Jeffery Amherst, and finally ceded to Great Britain

at the peace of 1763.

[47] A _Fourth_ Division was added to the Establishment of the

Royal Marines, by Order in Council dated 15th August, 1805, and

stationed at Woolwich.

[48] The LAUREL was authorised to be borne as a testimony of the

gallantry of the Marines at the siege of Belle-Isle in the year

1761, and is encircled about the figure of the GLOBE on the Colours.

APPENDIX TO THE MARINE CORPS.

The following memoranda are appended to this narrative of the

services of the Royal Marines, in order to show the relative

positions in which the Marine regiments were placed, in respect to

_rank and precedence_, with the regiments of Infantry, during the

period the Marine regiments were borne on the establishment of the

regular army, and the ground on which the present corps of Royal

Marines have been authorised, when acting with the infantry of the

line, to take their station next to the _Forty-ninth_ regiment,

according to the date of their formation in the year 1755, as shown

in the following pages.

The rank of the several regiments of the British army was first

regulated by a Board of General Officers assembled in the

Netherlands, by command of King William III., on the 10th June,

1694.

Another Board of General Officers was assembled by order of Queen

Anne, in 1713, to decide on the rank and precedence of regiments

raised subsequently to 1694.

A third Board was assembled, by command of King George I., in 1715,

for the same purpose.

These Boards recommended that English regiments raised in England,

should take rank from the dates of their formation, and that

English, Scots, and Irish regiments, raised for the service of

a foreign power, should take rank from the dates of their being

placed on the English establishment.

The _Numerical Titles_ of regiments, as fixed on the principle

laid down in the reports of the Boards of General Officers, above

alluded to, were confirmed by the warrant issued by authority of

King George II., dated 1st July, 1751,--and also by the warrant of

King George III., dated 19th December, 1768, previously to which

periods regiments were generally designated by the names of their

Colonels.

1. The principle on which the Numerical Titles of regiments were

fixed, having been thus established by Royal authority, the

regiments of infantry which had been formed by King Charles II.,

on his Restoration to the Throne in 1660, and those which had been

subsequently raised in the reigns of King James II. and of William

III., were numbered according to the dates of being placed on the

English establishment,--from the _First_, or _Royal_, regiment to

the _Twenty-seventh_ regiment.

2. The regiments of infantry, which had been added to the army in

the reign of Queen Anne from the year 1702, and retained on the

establishment after the Peace of Utrecht in 1713, commenced with

the _Twenty-eighth_, and ended with the _Thirty-ninth_ regiment.

3. The _Fortieth_ regiment was formed in the year 1717, from

independent companies in North America and the West Indies:--the

command was conferred on Colonel Richard Philips.

4. The _Forty-first_ regiment was formed from Invalids in

1719:--the command was conferred on Colonel Edmund Fielding.

5. The other regiments of infantry, raised by King George I. on the

augmentation of the army in the year 1715, were disbanded in 1718,

after the Monarchy, in the line of the House of Brunswick, had been

established, and the Peace of the Kingdom restored.

6. The _Forty-second Highland_ regiment was formed in the reign of

King George II. from independent companies in Scotland, in the year

1739. It was originally termed “_The Black Watch_” and was placed

on the establishment on the 25th October, 1739:--the command was

conferred on Colonel James Earl of Crawford.[49]

7. The _Forty-third_ regiment was raised for service in America,

in the year 1740, by Colonel Andrew Spotswood, and afterwards

commanded by Colonel W. Gooche. It was disbanded in 1743.

8. The Ten regiments of Marines raised in 1739 and 1740, were

numbered from the 44th to the 53rd regiments, as shown in the

following list, viz.:--

+-------------+------------------+----------+-------------+------------+

| | | &c. | | Infantry of|

+-------------+------------------+----------+-------------+------------+

| ” ” |G. Keightley | 1745 | | |

| ” ” |G. Churchill | 1745 | | |

| | | | | |

| ” ” |Rt. Frazer | 1741 | | |

| | | | | |

| ” ” |R. Sowle | 1745 | | |

| ” ” |H. Holmes | 1746 | | |

| | | | | |

| ” ” |Jas. Long | 1742 | | |

| ” ” |Byng, afterwards | | | |

| | Torrington | 1744 | | |

| | | | | |

| ” ” |J. Grant | 1741 | Yellow | |

| ” ” |S. Daniel | 1741 | | |

| ” ” |Jas. Cochrane | 1741 | | |

| | | | | |

| ” ” |J. Cotterell | 1741 | Collar, and | |

| ” ” |_Honble._ W. | | Cap | |

| | Herbert | 1747 | | |

| ” ” |Jas. Laforey | 1747 | | |

| | | | | |

| | | | | |

| ” ” |J. Duncombe | 1742 | | |

| ” ” |_Lord_ G. | | | |

| | Beauclerk | 1747 | | |

| ” ” |Jas. Jordan | 1748 | | |

| | | | | |

| | | | | |

| ” ” |_Sir_ Andrew Agnew| 1746 | | |

| | | | | |

+-------------+------------------+----------+-------------+------------+

The above ten regiments were disbanded in November, 1748.

9. The following seven regiments were raised, and added to the

establishment of the army, in January, 1741; and in consequence

of the disbandment of Colonel Spotswood’s, afterwards Gooche’s,

American Provincials, and also of the ten regiments of Marines, the

_numerical_ titles of six of these regiments were changed, after

the peace of 1748, as specified in the following list; viz.:--

54th Regt., com. by Colonel Thomas Fowke, now the 43rd Regt.

55th ” ” James Long, ” 44th Regt.

56th ” ” D. Houghton, ” 45th Regt.

57th ” ” James Price, ” 46th Regt.

58th ” ” J. Mordaunt, ” 47th Regt.

59th ” ” J. Cholmondeley, ” 48th Regt.

60th ” ” H. De Grangue, disbanded in 1748.

10. The _Forty-ninth_ regiment was formed in the year 1743, of

two companies of one of the regiments raised in the reign of

Queen Anne, which had remained at Jamaica, and of six other

companies formed in that colony. The command was given to Colonel

Edward Trelawny, then Governor of Jamaica. It was retained on

the establishment after the peace of 1748, and numbered the 49th

regiment.

11. On the recommencement of hostilities with France in 1755, fifty

companies of Marines were raised, under the direction and control

of the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty. These companies were

formed into _three divisions_, at the principal naval stations,

Portsmouth, Plymouth, and Chatham.[50] The _Corps of Marines_

having been raised in 1755, and since that period retained on the

establishment, as a branch of the permanent national force of

Navy, Army, and Marines, have been authorised to rank, when acting

with infantry of the line, _next to the forty-ninth Regiment_, as

directed by His Majesty King George IV. in the following General

Order, dated

“_Horse-Guards, 30th March, 1820._

“In reference to the _Regulations regarding Precedence of

Regiments_ (as contained in page 10 of the General Regulations

and Orders of the Army), His Majesty has been graciously pleased

to command, that the _Royal Marines_, when acting with the Troops

of the Line, shall take their station next to the forty-ninth

Regiment.

“By Command of H. R. H. the Commander-in-Chief.

“HENRY TORRENS, _Adjutant-General_.”

12. In the year 1745 two regiments were raised for service in

North America, by Colonel William Shirley and Colonel Sir William

Pepperell. In 1754 they were numbered the 50th and 51st Regiments.

13. In December, 1755, eleven regiments were raised and added

to the establishment of the army; and in consequence of the

disbandment of Colonel Shirley’s and Sir William Pepperell’s

regiments in 1757, the eleven regiments, above alluded to, were

ranked two numbers higher in the list of regiments of infantry, as

shown in the following list; viz.:--

52nd Regt., com. by Colonel James Abercromby now the 50th Regt.

53rd ” ” Robt. Napier ” 51st Regt.

54th ” ” H. Lambton ” 52nd Regt.

55th ” ” W. Whitmore ” 53rd Regt.

56th ” ” John Campbell ” 54th Regt.

57th ” ” G. Perry ” 55th Regt.

58th ” ” Lord C. Manners ” 56th Regt.

59th ” ” John Arabin ” 57th Regt.

60th ” ” Robt. Anstruther ” 58th Regt.

61st ” ” Charles Montagu ” 59th Regt.

62nd Royal American, } Col. The Earl of Loudon. ” 60th Regt.

of _four_ battalions, }

14. In April, 1758, the _Second Battalions_ of the fifteen

regiments, undermentioned, were formed into distinct regiments, and

numbered as shown in the following list; viz.:--

3rd Foot, 2d Batt., const^d 61st Regt.

4th Foot, ” ” 62nd Regt.

8th Foot, ” ” 63rd Regt.

11th Foot, ” ” 64th Regt.

12th Foot, ” ” 65th Regt.

19th Foot, 2d Batt., const^d 66th Regt.

20th Foot, ” ” 67th Regt.

23rd Foot, ” ” 68th Regt.

24th Foot, ” ” 69th Regt.

31st Foot, ” ” 70th Regt.

The Second Battalion of the 32nd was constituted the 71st Regt.

” ” 33rd ” ” 72nd Regt.

” ” 34th ” ” 73rd Regt.

” ” 36th ” ” 74th Regt.

” ” 37th ” ” 75th Regt.

After the peace of Fontainebleau, in 1763, reductions were made

in the regular army, and the number of regiments of infantry was

limited to SEVENTY. The above 71st, 72nd, 73rd, 74th, and 75th

Regiments were consequently disbanded in that year.

15. The number of regiments of infantry continued at _Seventy_,

until the commencement of the American War in 1775, and the

renewal of hostilities with France and Spain in 1779, when it

was increased to _One hundred and Five_ regiments, exclusive of

_Eleven_ unnumbered regiments, and thirty-six independent companies

of Invalids.

16. After the General Peace in 1782 the number of regiments of

infantry was again reduced.

17. In consequence of an increase of possessions in India, and of

additional troops being necessary for the suppression of certain

native powers, which were hostile to the British Government,

additional corps were raised and embarked for the East Indies in

1779, and in subsequent years.

18. The present _Seventy-first_ regiment was raised in December,

1777, and embarked for India in 1779. Its number was changed from

73rd to 71st regiment in 1786.

19. The present _Seventy-second_ regiment was raised in December,

1777, and embarked for India in 1781. Its number was changed from

78th to 72nd regiment in 1786.

20. The _Seventy-third_ regiment was raised as the second battalion

of the forty-second (Highland) regiment, in 1777, and embarked for

India in 1781. It was formed into a distinct regiment, and numbered

the 73rd (Highland) in 1786.

21. The 74th (Highland), 75th (Highland), 76th, and 77th regiments

were raised for service in India in October, 1787, and embarked for

India in 1788.

22. The 78th (Highland), 79th (Highland), 80th, 81st, 82nd, 83rd,

84th, 85th, 86th, 87th, 88th, 89th, 90th, and 91st (Highland)

regiments were raised in 1793, immediately after the commencement

of the war with France, occasioned by the revolutionary and violent

proceedings in that country in 1793.

23. The 92nd (Highland) and 93rd (Highland) regiments were raised

and placed on the establishment of the army, the former on the 3rd

May, 1796, and the latter on the 25th August, 1800.

24. The _Scots Brigade_ was numbered the _Ninety-fourth_ regiment

on the 25th December, 1802. This corps had been formed in the

year 1568, for service in Holland against the oppression of

Spain. Being a British corps, its services were demanded from the

United Provinces by King James II. on the rebellion of the Duke of

Monmouth in 1685, after the suppression of which it returned to

Holland. It again embarked for England with the Prince of Orange

at the Revolution in 1688. It remained in Great Britain until the

Protestant cause had been established, and it re-embarked for

Flanders in 1691, and served in the campaigns of King William III.

It remained in the service of Holland until 1793, when it was

decided by King George III., upon the application of the British

officers remaining in it, to require the corps to return to Great

Britain. It was taken on the British Establishment on the 5th July,

1793. It then consisted of _Three_ battalions; in 1795 it was

reduced to _Two_ battalions, and embarked for Gibraltar. In 1796 it

was formed into _One_ battalion, and proceeded to the Cape of Good

Hope. It embarked, in 1798, for the East Indies, from whence, after

much distinguished service, it returned to England in 1808. It,

embarked for Cadiz and Lisbon, and served with great credit in the

Peninsular War, from January, 1810, to July, 1814. It was disbanded

at Belfast on the 24th December, 1818.

25. The _Rifle Corps_, commanded by Colonel Coote Manningham,

was formed and added to the establishment of the Army on the

25th August, 1800. On 25th December, 1802, it was directed to be

numbered the _Ninety-fifth_ regiment, but was taken out of the list

of _numbered_ regiments of infantry on the 6th February, 1816, and

directed to be styled “_The Rifle Brigade_.” It then consisted of

three battalions, which were distributed at the following stations,

viz.:--

1st Battalion.--6 Companies with the Army of Occupation in France,

and 4 Companies at Shorncliffe.

2nd Battalion.--6 Companies with the Army of Occupation in France,

and 4 Companies at Shorncliffe.

3rd Battalion.--10 Companies at Dover. This Battalion embarked for

Ireland in March, 1816. It was disbanded at Birr on

the 24th of November, 1818.

26. The present 94th, 95th, 96th, 97th, 98th, and 99th regiments

were added to the establishment of the Army in the early part

of the year 1824, in consequence of the increased number of the

colonial possessions of the British Empire.

FOOTNOTES:

[49] The Corps, which had been formed in 1737 by Colonel James

Oglethorpe for service in Georgia and South Carolina, was disbanded

in 1749. It had not been ranked in the number of regiments of

infantry in the Official Records of the Army, although in some

publications of that period it was numbered the _Forty-second_,

regiment, according to its seniority and the date of its formation.

[50] A _Fourth Division_ was formed at Woolwich by Order in Council

dated 15th August, 1805.

* * * * *

NOTE.--The Compiler of these Records feels it a duty to

acknowledge, that he has derived a principal portion of the means

of drawing up the details of the services of the Marines from “_An

Historical Review of the Royal Marine Corps_,” _published in 1803_,

“_by Captain Alexander Gillespie, who served as an Officer in that

Corps upwards of twenty-four years_;” a work of considerable merit

and research, which reflects great honor on its author, as an

excellent scholar and a most zealous officer.

TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE

The second part of the book, the ‘Historical Record of the Marine

Corps’, used its own page numbering. This has not been changed.

The column headers for the Table on page 224 have been adjusted

to be more readable, with no loss or change of text.

Obvious typographical errors and punctuation errors have been

corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within

the text and consultation of external sources.

Some hyphens in words have been silently removed, some added,

when a predominant preference was found in the original book.

Except for those changes noted below, all other misspellings in

the text, and inconsistent or archaic usage, have been retained.

Pg 54: ‘Lord Malmsbury’ replaced by ‘Lord Malmesbury’.

Pg 80: ‘Saugor Point’ replaced by ‘Sangor Point’.

Pg 81: ‘could befal a’ replaced by ‘could befall a’.

Pg 96: ‘which befel your’ replaced by ‘which befell your’.

Pg 128: Illustration caption: ‘BATTLE OF FEROZSHAH.’ replaced by

‘BATTLE OF FEROZESHAH.’.

Pg 131: A new paragraph was started after ‘the action states:--’.

Pg 149: missing anchor for Footnote [34] inserted after ‘was shot.’

Pg 183: ‘who expressed hi ’ replaced by ‘who expressed his’.

Pg 199: ‘THIRY-FIRST’ replaced by ‘THIRTY-FIRST’.

Pg 217: ‘from th fifteenth’ replaced by ‘from the fifteenth’.

Pg 228: ‘was despached to’ replaced by ‘was despatched to’.

Pg 229: ‘victory of Tezeeu’ replaced by ‘victory of Tezeen’.

Pg 229: ‘he comanded five’ replaced by ‘he commanded five’.

Historical Record of the Marine Corps.

Pg xxix: ‘Recal of Admiral’ replaced by ‘Recall of Admiral’.

Pg xxix: ‘to Curaçoa to’ replaced by ‘to Curaçao to’.

Pg 8: ‘hundred and and sixty’ replaced by ‘hundred and sixty’.

Pg 32: ‘the recal of’ replaced by ‘the recall of’.

Pg 33: ‘to Curaçoa to’ replaced by ‘to Curaçao to’.

Pg 41: ‘to cruize between’ replaced by ‘to cruise between’.

Pg 42: ‘cruizing in the’ replaced by ‘cruising in the’.

Pg 42: ‘cruized for some’ replaced by ‘cruised for some’.

Historical Record of the Thirty-first, or, the Huntingdonshire Regiment of Foot; containing an account of the formation of the regiment in 1702, and of its subsequent services to 1850 · 第 22 / 22 段

[46] Cape Breton was restored to the French after the peace of