=Abbott, Edwin A.= 183 Shakespearean scholar. Author of a
Shakespearean Grammar, a Handbook of Elizabethan English, etc. _Pub.
Mac. Rob._
=A'Becket, Gilbert Abbot.= 1811-1856. Humorist. Author Comic Hist. of
England, Comic Hist. of Rome, Comic Blackstone, etc. _Pub. Apl. Lip._
=Adams, Mrs. Sarah [Flower].= 1805-1848. Known chiefly by her hymn,
"Nearer, my God, to Thee."
=Adams, Wm.= 1814-1848. Religious writer. Author of Sacred Allegories,
etc. _See Edition of 1869, with Life._ _Pub. Lip._
=Addison, Joseph.= 1672-1719. Essayist and poet. His tragedy of Cato
is now little read, but his Hymns still continue deservedly popular.
As a prose writer A. has exercised an influence upon the manners,
morals, and general culture of his time not easily overestimated. His
style is graceful, gentle, and persuasive. With Steele he created the
Periodical Essay, and was the chief contributor to the Tatler,
Spectator, and Guardian. _See Thackeray's Eng. Humorists_, _Aikin's
Memorials of Addison._ _Pub. Har. Lip._
=Aguilar [ae-ge-lar'], Grace.= 1816-1847. Novelist. Home Influence,
Woman's Friendship, and Days of Bruce are her chief works. _Pub. Apl.
Har._
=Aikin [[=a]'kin], John.= 1747-1822. Biographer and miscellaneous
writer. One of the authors of Evenings at Home. _Pub. Har._
=Aikin, Lucy.= 1781-1864. Dau. to J. A. Historian and poet. Author
Memoirs of the Courts of Elizabeth, James I., Charles I., Memorials of
Addison, etc.
=Ainsworth, Robert.= 1660-1743. Classical lexicographer.
=Ainsworth, Wm. Francis.= 180 Geologist and traveller. Author
Travels in Asia Minor, Researches in Assyria, Babylonia, and Chaldea,
etc.
=Ainsworth, Wm. Harrison.= 1805-1882. Cousin to W. F. A. Novelist. His
historical novels are numerous, but Jack Sheppard is his most famous
work, and has been 8 times dramatized. His popularity has been very
great, many of his works having been translated into most European
languages, yet their literary merit is not high, and the influence of
Jack Sheppard, in particular, is pernicious. _Pub. Har. Rou. Pet._
=Airy, George Biddell.= 180 Astronomer. Author Essays on the
Invasion of Britain by Julius Caesar, and numerous scientific papers of
value.
=Akenside, Mark.= 1721-1770. Poet and physician. Author of a
philosophical poem in blank verse on The Pleasures of the Imagination.
_Pub. Hou._
=Alcuin [[)a]l'-kwin].= c. 735-804. Abp. York. Writer of Latin
commentaries, dogmatic treatises, and numerous Latin poems.
=Aldhelm.= 656-709. Anglo-Latin poet. His principal theme is the
praise of virginity, on which he has written in both prose and verse.
=Alexander, Adam.= 1741-1809. Scotch grammarian. Author of Classical
Biog. etc.
=Alexander, Mrs. Cecil Frances.= 18-- ----. Poet. Best known by her
famous poem, The Burial of Moses. _Pub. Dut. Mac._
=Alexander, Mrs.= Novelist. See Hector, Mrs. Annie Alexander.
=Alexander, Wm.= c. 1580-1640. Scotch poet. Author Recreations with
the Muses, Doomsday, etc. Style didactic and heavy. _See Ward's Eng.
Poets, vol. 2._
=Alford [awl'ford], Henry.= 1810-1871. Dean of Canterbury. Author of
Poems, a valuable edition of the Greek Testament, a much criticised
Plea for the Queen's English, etc. _See Life, Journals, and Letters.
See Moon's The Dean's English._ _Pub. Har. Ran. Rou._
=Alfred the Great.= 848-901. The Father of English Prose. An untiring
scholar whose labors gave form and dignity to the English tongue. His
translations from the Latin are numerous and valuable, among them
being Baeda's Ecclesiastical History and Boethius's Consolations of
Philosophy. _See Green's Making of England._
=Alfric.= ---- 1006. Abp. Canterbury. A noted theologian and
grammarian. His 80 Homilies his chief work. He translated the books of
Moses and wrote many theological works.
=Alison, Archibald.= 1757-1839. Scotch theological writer. Essays on
Taste, etc. _Pub. Har._
=Alison, Sir Archibald.= 1792-1867. Son to preceding. Historian.
Author of a Hist. of Europe in 18 vols. and a Life of Marlborough.
_Pub. Har._
=Allein [[)a]l'l[)e]n], Joseph.= 1633-1668. Theologian. Author of
Alarm to the Unconverted.
=Allen, Chas. Grant.= 184 Author of Physiological AEsthetics,
Color and Sense, Force and Energy, etc. _Pub. Apl._
=Allingham, Wm.= 182 Irish poet. Author Day and Night Songs,
Songs, Ballads and Stories, etc. _Pub. Mac._
=A. L. O. E.= See Tucker, Charlotte.
=Andrews, Lancelot.= 1555-1626. Bp. Winchester. The most eminent
preacher of his time, and a High Church theologian of great rigor and
learning. He was one of the translators of the Bible and author of 4
vols. of Sermons and a Manual of Private Devotions. Style involved and
artificial. _Pub. Dut._
=Anster, John.= 1798-1867. Irish poet. Author of a much admired
translation of Faust.
=Anstey, Christopher.= 1724-1805. Poet. The New Bath Guide (pub. 1766)
is his chief work and was the most popular book of its day. It is a
lively, versified description of life and manners of Bath. _See his
Works, pub. 1808, with Life, by his son._
=Arbuthnot [aer'b[)u]th-not], John.= 1675-1735. Humorist. Author Hist.
John Bull, Art of Political Lying, Memoirs of P. P. Clark of this
Parish, and supposed author of the greater part of the famous satire
upon the abuses of learning, the Memoirs of Martinus Scriblerus.
=Armstrong, John.= 1709-1779. Scotch poet and physician. Author of the
Art of Preserving Health, a poem of much originality of style.
=Arnold, Edwin.= 183 Poet and journalist. His chief work, The
Light of Asia, gives him a high rank among modern poets. The subject
is the life of Buddha. He has translated much from the Sanskrit, and
is the author of Griselda, Lyrical and Dramatic Poems, The Indian Song
of Songs, Pearls of the Faith, etc. Style elevated and versification
musical. _Pub. Rob._
=Arnold, Matthew.= 182 Son to succeeding. Poet and essayist. His
poetry is pervaded by a vein of doubt and mistrust, although elevated
in character and of great merit. Tristram and Iseult, and Thyrsis, an
elegy on the poet Clough, are among his best poems. His prose works
are numerous and important. Literature and Dogma, and Essays in
Criticism are among the best known. The phrase "sweetness and light"
was made familiar by him. _See Hutton's Essays, Swinburne's Essays and
Studies, Stedman's Victorian Poets, Edinburgh Rev. April, 1869._ _Pub.
Har. Mac. Ho. Ste._
=Arnold, Thomas.= 1795-1842. Head Master of Rugby. Author Hist. Rome
and Lect. on Modern Hist. He exercised a great and beneficial
influence upon the minds of the young Englishmen of his time. _See
Life and Correspondence of Arnold, by A. P. Stanley, and Hughes'
School Days at Rugby._ _Pub. Apl._
=Arnold, Thos. Kerchever.= 1800-1853. Author of classical text-books.
_Pub. Apl._
=Arnold, Wm. Delafield.= 1828-1859. Son to T. A. Writer of historical
sketches and lectures.
=Arnott, Neil.= 1788-1874. Scotch scientist. Author Elements of
Physics, etc. _Pub. Apl._
=Ascham [[)a]s'kam], Roger.= 1515-1568. Tutor of Lady Jane Grey and Q.
Elizabeth. Author of Toxophilus, a treatise on the bow, and The
Schoolmaster. A. possessed a clear, correct style.
=Ashe, Thomas.= 183 Poet. Author of The Sorrows of Hypsipyle,
etc.
=Ashmole, Elias.= 1617-1692. Antiquary. Author of Laws of the Order of
the Garter, etc.
=Atterbury, Francis.= 1662-1732. Bp. Rochester. Theologian. Author
Sermons and numerous controversial writings.
=Aubrey, John.= 1626-1697. Antiquary. A. published a collection of
popular superstitions.
=Austen, Jane.= 1775-1817. Novelist. Author of Pride and Prejudice,
Sense and Sensibility, Northanger Abbey, Mansfield Park, Persuasion,
Emma, The Watsons, and Lady Susan. These novels are examples of the
finest literary art, and have delighted cultured minds for almost
three generations. Her character-drawing is strong and realistic. _See
Atlantic Monthly, Feb. 1863. See Jane Austen and her Works by Sarah
Tytler (pub. 1881)._ _Pub. Har. Por. Lit. Rou._
=Austin, Alfred.= 183 Poet and novelist. Author of An Artist's
Proof, Interludes, The Human Tragedy, etc. _Pub. Mac._
=Austin, Mrs. Sarah.= 1793-1867. Author Characteristics of Goethe, and
of numerous translations from the German.
=Ayton [[=a]'tun], Sir Robert.= 1570-1638. Scotch poet. Remembered for
his lyric, "I do confess thou'rt smooth and fair."
=Aytoun [a'tun], Wm. Edmondstoune.= 1813-1865. Scotch poet. Author
Lays of the Scottish Cavaliers, Bothwell, Edinburgh after Flodden, and
with T. Martin, of the Bon Gaultier Ballads. _See Memoir by Theodore
Martin._ _Pub. Arm. Hou._
=Babbage, Chas.= 1790-1871. Mathematician and philosopher. Author of
The Economy of Manufactures and Machinery, A Ninth Bridgewater
Treatise, etc.
=Bacon, Francis.= Viscount St. Albans and Baron Verulam. 1561-1626.
Philosopher. The Founder of Inductive Philosophy. He wrote, in both
Eng. and Latin, The advancement of Learning, Novum Organum and
Historia Naturalis et Experimentalis from the Instauratio Magna,
which embodies his system of philosophy. His Essays are his most
important English work. A man of great genius and wonderful
intellectual activity whose writings cover a wide range. He awakened
the scientific spirit in England and gave it form. The best edition of
B. is that by James Spedding. _See Life and Letters of Bacon, by James
Spedding (1870), also W. H. Dixon's Personal History of Lord Bacon._
_Pub. Hou._
=Bacon, Roger= (Friar.) 1214-1292. Philosopher. The great light of the
thirteenth century. In his Opus Major he anticipated many inventions
of later times, and displayed a familiarity with all branches of study
of his day.
=Bage, Robert.= 1728-1801. Novelist. Author of Man as he Is, The Fair
Syrian, etc. _See Life, by Walter Scott._
=Bagehot [b[=a]j'ut], Walter.= 1826-1877. Essayist and journalist.
Author of Lombard Street, Physics and Politics, The Eng. Constitution,
and Essays on Silver. _See Living Age, April 19, 1879._ _Pub. Apl.
Lit. Scr._
=Bailey, Philip James.= 181 Poet. Author of Festus, The Angel
World, The Mystic, The Age, etc. Festus, which had a brief popularity,
is a work of unequal merit, but contains a few brilliant passages.
=Baillie, Joanna.= 1764-1851. Scotch dramatist. Has been called "the
female Shakespeare." Author of Plays on the Passions, etc. Her tragedy
of De Montfort is her finest effort. _See complete Works in one vol.
with Life (1853). See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 4._
=Baker, Sir Samuel White.= 182 Traveller. Author of the Albert
Nyanza, The Nile Tributaries of Abyssinia, Ismailia, etc. _Pub. Har.
Lip. Mac._
=Balfour, Francis Maitland.= 1851-1882. Biologist. Author Elements of
Comparative Embryology. Development of the Elasmobranch Fishes, etc.
Style acute and original. _See Fortnightly Rev. Nov. 1882._ _Pub.
Mac._
=Banim [b[=a]'nim], John.= 1798-1842. Irish novelist. His novels deal
almost exclusively with the tragic side of Irish peasant life. _See
Life, by P. J. Murray, 1857._
=Banks, Sir Joseph.= 1743-1820. Naturalist. _See Cuvier, Elegy on Sir
J. Banks, 1821._
=Barbauld [bar'bawld or bar-b[=o]'], Mrs. Anna Laetitia.= 1743-1825.
Miscellaneous writer. Author of Hymns in Prose, Miscellaneous Poems,
etc. Among her best efforts is the exquisite little poem, Life. Some
of her religious poetry is deservedly popular. Style easy and
graceful. _See edition with Memoir, by L. Aikin, 1827._
=Barbour, John.= 1316-1396. Archdeacon of Aberdeen. Scotch poet. His
Bruce, a metrical hist. in 13,000 octosyllabic lines, is a chronicle
of the life of King Robert I., and has historical value as well as
literary merit. _See Craik's Eng. Lit. vol. I._
=Barclay, Robert.= 1648-1690. Scotch writer. His Apology for the
Quakers was first pub. in Latin.
=Barham [b[)a]r'am], Richard Harris.= 1788-1845. Humorous poet. Author
of the Ingoldsby Legends, a witty volume of facile rhymes. _Pub. Por.
Wid._
=Baring-Gould, Sabine.= 183 Author Curious Myths of the Middle
Ages, Lives of the Saints, etc. _See Lit. World, Jan. 13, 1883._ _Pub.
Apl. Lip. Rob._
=Barnard, Lady Anne.= 1750-1825. Scotch poet. Author of Auld Robin
Gray.
=Barnfield, Richard.= 1574-c. 1605. Poet. His ode "As it fell upon a
day" was once ascribed to Shakespeare. _See Warton's Eng. Poetry._
=Barrow, Isaac.= 1630-1677. Theologian and mathematician. Author of
Sermons and Mathematical works of almost equal renown. _See Selections
from, pub. 1866._ _Pub. Mac._
=Barton, Bernard.= 1784-1849. A Friend of Lamb's. "The Quaker Poet."
Author of Poetic Vigils, Devotional Verses, etc., the literary merit
of which is but slight.
=Baxter, Richard.= 1615-1691. Theologian. A voluminous writer, but now
best known by his Saints' Rest, and Call to the Unconverted. _See
edition of 1850 in 23 vols. with Life._ _Pub. Clx._
=Bayley, Thos. Haynes.= 1797-1839. Song writer. Author of I'd be a
Butterfly, She wore a Wreath of Roses, We met, 't was in a Crowd, etc.
=Bayne, Peter.= 183 Essayist and biographer. Author of Christian
Life, Essays in Biographical Criticism, Life of Hugh Miller, etc.
_Pub. Har. Rou._
=Beale, Lionel Smith.= 182 Scientific writer of note. Author of
How to Work with the Microscope, Protoplasm, The Mystery of Life, etc.
=Beattie [bee't[)i] or b[=a]'t[)i]], James.= 1735-1803. Scotch poet.
Author of The Minstrel, a long, prosy poem in Spenserian stanza, and a
prose Essay on Truth. _See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 3._ _Pub. Hou._
=Beaumont, Francis.= 1586-1615. Dramatist. Colleague of John Fletcher.
Their collected plays amount to 52, of which 14 were in part the work
of B., but his separate authorship is not easy to trace. B. and F. in
their day were more popular than Shakespeare, but none of their plays
now keep the stage. Their blank verse is melodious and their wit and
humor sparkling, but their plays reflect the full coarseness of the
time. Among plays written by them jointly are Philaster, Thierry and
Theodoret, A King and No King, and the comedy of The Knight of the
Burning Pestle. See Fletcher, John. _See Schlegel's Dramatic Lit.,
Hazlitt's Dramatic Lit. and Hallam's Lit. of Europe._ _Pub. Apl._
=Beaumont, Sir John.= 1582-1628. Bro. to F. B. Author Bosworth Field,
a poem in heroic verse.
=Beckford, Wm.= 1760-1844. Author of Vathek, an Oriental romance.
Style luxuriant. _See Chambers' Cyc. Eng. Lit._
=Beddoes, Thos. Lovell.= 1803-1849. Poet. Author The Bride's Tragedy,
Death's Jest-Book, etc. _See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 4._
=Bede, Cuthbert.= See Bradley, Edward.
=Bede, Beda, or Baeda, The Venerable.= 673-735. "First among Eng.
scholars, first among Eng. theologians, first among Eng. historians."
His whole life was passed in the monastery of Yarrow, where he
composed more than 40 Latin works, the greatest of which is the Eccl.
Hist. of the Eng. Nation. On the day of his death was finished his
translation of St. John's Gospel into Eng., being the earliest example
of Eng. prose. _See edition of Bede by Dr. Giles, 6 vols. 1843-4. See
Green's Short Hist. of the Eng. People, also Green's Making of
England._ _Pub. Dut._
=Behn= [b[)e]n], =Mrs. Aphra.= 1642-1689. Novelist and dramatist.
Known in her day as Astraea. Author of The Forced Marriage, Oronooko,
etc. A lively, immoral writer. _See edition of 1871. See Miss
Kavanagh's Eng. Women of Letters, and Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 2._
=Bellenden, Wm.= fl. c. 1615. Scotch classical writer. Author De
Statu.
=Bentham, Jeremy.= 1748-1832. Philosopher and political economist.
Founder of the Utilitarian school of thought, and a valued authority
upon jurisprudence. Many reforms in Eng. jurisprudence are traceable
to his influence. _See edition of 1843 in 11 vols. See Edinburgh Rev.
Oct. 1843._
=Bentley, Richard.= 1662-1742. Classical writer. Author Dissertations
on the Epistles of Phalaris, works provoked by his famous controversy
with Boyle, and which rank as masterpieces of argument. They display
great learning, a rapid, concise style, and a sarcastic wit. _See
Bentley, by R. C. Jebb, in Eng. Men of Letters._
=Berkeley, George.= 1684-1753. Bp. Cloyne. Irish metaphysician. An
eccentric but pure-minded thinker, in whose Principles of Human
Knowledge is denied the existence of matter. Other works of B. are
Alciphron or the Minute Philosopher, Theory of Vision, Siris, etc.
Also the poem in which occurs the famous line, "Westward the course of
empire takes its way." _See edition of Berkeley, by Fraser, 4 vols.
Oxford, 1871._
=Berners, Lord.= 1469-1532. Translator of Froissart's Chronicle. The
translation is faithful and is a masterpiece of picturesque and
spirited English.
=Berners, Juliana.= c. 1388-c. 1461. Author of the Bokys of Hunting
and Hawking. _See Warton's Hist. Eng. Poetry._
=Besant, Walter.= 183 Novelist. Colleague of James Rice, and
with him author of The Seamy Side, Ready Money Mortiboy, the Chaplain
of the Fleet, Shepherds All and Maidens Fair, etc. Sole author of The
Revolt of Man, Life of E. H. Palmer, etc. See Rice, James. _Pub. Har.
Rob. Dut._
=Beveridge, Wm.= 1638-1708. Bp. St. Asaph. Theologian. Thesaurus
Theologicus, Expositions of the Catechism and 39 Articles, and Private
Thoughts are some of his chief works.
=Bickerstaff, Isaac.= 1735-c. 1788. Dramatist. Author of Maid of the
Mill, Love in a Village, etc. _See Hazlitt's Essays on the Comic
Writers._
=Bickersteth, Edward.= 1786-1850. Religious writer. Author of The
Scripture Help, etc. _See edition of his Works in 17 vols. 1853. See
Memoir of, by T. R. Birks, 1851._
=Bickersteth, Edward Henry.= 182 Son to E. B. Religious Poet.
Author of Yesterday, To-Day and Forever, The Two Brothers, etc. _Pub.
Ca. Dut._
=Bickersteth, Rob't.= 181 Bp. Ripon. Religious writer. Author of
Lent Lectures, Bible Landmarks, etc.
=Birch, Thomas.= 1705-1766. Historian and biographer. Author of a
General Dictionary, Historical and Critical.
=Black, Wm.= 184 Novelist. A prolific writer, the best of whose
works are A Daughter of Heth, Princess of Thule, Strange Adventures of
a Phaeton, and Macleod of Dare. They evince rare powers of description
and much constructive skill. _See Harper's Mag. Dec. 1882._ _Pub.
Har._
=Blackie, John Stuart.= 180 Scotch poet and scholar. For 30
years Greek Professor at Edinburgh Univ. His numerous works include
Greek, Latin, and German translations, several vols. of poems, and a
famous work on Self-Culture which has been translated into every
European language. _Pub. Scr._
=Blackmore, Sir Richard.= 1650-1729. Poet. Author of the epics The
Creation, and Prince Arthur.
=Blackmore, Richard Doddridge.= 182 Novelist. Author Lorna
Doone, Maid of Sker, Alice Lorraine, Erema, Mary Anerly, Christowell,
etc. A vigorous and original writer. Lorna Doone is his finest work.
_Pub. Har. Lip._
=Blackstone, Sir Wm.= 1723-1780. Jurist. Author of Commentaries on the
Laws of England, an authoritative work. _See Campbell's Lives of the
Chief Justices._ _Pub. Har. Lip._
=Blair, Hugh.= 1718-1800. Author of the once famous Lectures on
Rhetoric. _Pub. Por._
=Blair, Robert.= 1699-1747. Poet. Author of The Grave, a dull,
didactic, but once popular poem. _See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 3._
=Blake, Wm.= 1757-1827. Artist and poet. Author of Poetical Sketches,
Songs of Innocence and Experience, etc. A writer of rare simplicity
and beauty. An Elizabethan poet of the 19th cent. _See editions of his
poems by Shepherd and Rossetti, and Life by Gilchrist, 1863 and 1881,
also Swinburne's Study of Blake, 1863._ _Pub. Rob._
=Blamire, Susanna.= 1747-1794. Poet. Author of the fine lyrics, The
Siller Crown, What Ails this Heart o' Mine, etc.
=Blanchard, Edward Laman.= 182 Dramatist and novelist.
=Blanchard, Laman.= 1803-1845. Litterateur. _See Bulwer's Memoir of,
with Blanchard's Essays and Sketches, 1849._
=Blessington, Marguerite, Countess of.= 1789-1849. Society novelist.
_See Life and Correspondence edited by D. R. Madden._
=Bloomfield, Robert.= 1766-1823. Pastoral poet. Author of The Farmer's
Boy, Rural Tales, The Horkey, etc. _Pub Por. Rou._
=Blunt, John Henry.= 182 Theologian. Author Hist. Reformation in
Ch. of England and editor Dict. Sects and Heresies, etc. _Pub. Dut._
=Blunt, John James.= 1794-1855. Ecclesiologist. Author Hist. Christian
Ch. in the first three centuries, etc. _Pub. Ca._
=Bolingbroke, Lord.= See St. John, Henry.
=Bonar, Horatius.= 180 Scotch poet. Author Hymns of Faith and
Hope, etc. _Pub. Ca._
=Borrow, George.= 1803-1881. Author of Gipsies of Spain, Bible in
Spain, Lavengro, The Romany Rye, Romany Word Book, etc. _See
Autobiography, 1851._ _Pub. Ca. Har._
=Boswell [boz'well], Alexander.= 1775-1822. Poet. Son to J. B. His
song, Jenny Dang the Weaver, is his best known production.
=Boswell, James.= 1740-1795. Biographer. His Life of Dr. Samuel
Johnson is an incomparable work. _Pub. Ho. Lit. Rou._
=Boswell, James.= 1779-1822. Son to preceding. Shakespearean scholar.
=Boucicault [boo-se-ko'], Dion.= 182 Dramatist. Among his very
numerous popular plays, London Assurance, Rip Van Winkle, The Corsican
Brothers, Led Astray, and the Shaughran are perhaps the best. _See
Johnson's Cyc._
=Bowles, Wm. Lisle.= 1762-1850. Poet. Author Fourteen Sonnets, Village
Verse Book, etc. A graceful writer, to whom Wordsworth and Coleridge
attributed their own poetic inspiration.
=Bowring [bour'ing], Sir John.= 1792-1872. Philologist and poet. Best
known as a writer of hymns of great beauty, among others, the familiar
Watchman, Tell us of the Night. _See Autobiographical Recollections,
1877._ _Pub. Dut._
=Boyd, Andrew Kennedy Hutchinson.= 182 Scotch essayist. Author
of Essays by a Country Parson, Graver Thoughts, Autumn Holidays, etc.
He signed his essays with his initials A. K. H. B.
=Boyle, Chas.= 1676-1731. Famous for his controversy with Bentley
concerning the Epistles of Phalaris. See Bentley, Richard.
=Boyle, Robert.= 1626-1691. Philosopher. A voluminous writer upon
metaphysics and natural sciences.
=Braddon, Miss.= See Maxwell, Mrs. Mary E.
=Bradley, Edward.= "Cuthbert Bede." 182 Humorist. Author
Adventures of Verdant Green, etc.
=Bradley, James.= 1692-1762. Astronomical writer.
=Brady, Nicholas.= 1659-1726. Chiefly known for his share in the
version of the Psalms prepared by him with Nahum Tate.
=Bray, Mrs. Anna Eliza.= 1790-1883. Miscellaneous writer of note. _See
Lit. World, Feb. 24, 1883._
=Brewer, E. Cobham.= 181 Author Reader's Handbook, Dict. Phrase
and Fable, Guide to Science, etc. Well edited and valuable books of
reference. _Pub. Clx. Lip._
=Brewster, Sir David.= 1781-1868. Scientist. Author Natural Magic,
More Worlds than One, Lives of Newton, Kepler, etc. _See Life, by his
daughter, 1869._ _Pub. Har._
=Bronte [br[=o]n'te], Anne.= 1820-1849. Novelist. Sister to C. B.
Author of Tenant of Wildfell Hall and Agnes Gray. _Pub. Har._
=Bronte, Charlotte.= 1816-1855. Sister to A. B. and E. B. Novelist.
Author of The Professor, Jane Eyre, Shirley, and Villette. A writer of
great power and originality, whose Jane Eyre marks an era in the
history of fiction. _See Charlotte Bronte by T. W. Reid, 1877; Life of
by Mrs. Gaskell, and H. Martineau's Biographical Sketches._ _Pub.
Har._
=Bronte, Emily.= 1819-1848. Sister to C. B. Novelist. Her Wuthering
Heights shows in places greater power than either of her sisters
possessed, but as a whole is strained and unnatural. _See Ward's Eng.
Poets, vol. 4. Emily Bronte, by A. Mary F. Robinson, and London
Athaenum, June 16, 1883._ _Pub. Har._
=Brooke, Arthur.= ---- c. 1563. Poet. Wrote the Tragical Hist. of Romeo
and Juliet, a paraphrase of Bandello's novel, the source of
Shakespeare's drama.
=Brooke, Charlotte.= ---- 1793. Daughter to H. B. Author of Reliques of
Irish Poetry translated into Eng. verse, etc.
=Brooke, Mrs. Frances Moore.= 1745-1789. Author of several novels, the
opera Rosina, and a periodical called The Old Maid.
=Brooke, Henry.= 1706-1783. Author of plays, poems, and a once famous
novel called The Fool of Quality. _Pub. Mac._
=Brooke, Lord.= See Greville Fulk.
=Brooke, Stopford.= 183 Religious writer. Author Life of F. W.
Robertson, Freedom in the Ch. of England, Christ in Modern Life,
Theology in the Eng. Poets, Primer of Eng. Lit., Sermons, etc. Style
clear, thoughtful, and strong. _Pub. Apl. Mac._
=Brooks, Chas. Shirley.= 1815-1874. Dramatist and Novelist. Author
Poems of Wit and Humor, The Gordian Knot, etc. _Pub. Har._
=Broome, Richard.= ---- 1562. Dramatist. Wrote in conjunction with
others.
=Brougham [broo'am or broo'm], Henry, Lord.= 1779-1868. Statesman and
orator. A man of strong intellect, whose speeches are among the ablest
of his time. A versatile writer, among whose numerous works are
Eloquence of the Ancients and Lives of Men of Letters. _See
Autobiography pub. 1871; Edinburgh Rev. April, 1858, and Life by Lord
Campbell. His works in 10 vols., pub. 1857._
=Broughton, Rhoda.= 18-- ----. Novelist. Author of Red as a Rose is
She, Nancy, Belinda, etc. Style spirited, but wanting in refinement of
expression. _Pub. Lit._
=Brown, John.= 1810-1882. Scotch essayist and physician. Best known by
his exquisite story of Rab and his Friends. _Pub. Hou._
=Brown, Thomas.= 1778-1820. Scotch philosophical writer.
=Brown, Tom.= 1663-1704. Humorous and immoral poet and miscellaneous
writer.
=Browne, Edward Harold.= 181 Bp. Winchester. Theologian. Author
of The Pentateuch and Elohistic Psalms, Sermons on the Atonement, etc.
_Pub. Dut._
=Browne, Isaac Hawkins.= 1706-1760. Poet. Author of A Pipe of Tobacco,
etc.
=Browne, Sir Thos.= 1605-1682. Author of a treatise on Christian
Morals, Religio Medici, Hydriotaphia or Urn-Burial, etc. A writer of
striking genius whose works will always attract thoughtful readers.
Style meditative and imaginative, but frequently obscure. _See
complete edition in Bohn's Antiquarian Library._ _Pub. Mac. Rob._
=Browne, Wm.= 1590-1645. Poet. Wrote Britannia's Pastorals, Shepherd's
Pipe, etc. His style is easy and harmonious, and some of his lyrics
are yet read.
=Browning, Mrs. Elizabeth Barrett.= 1809-1861. Poet. By many critics
given the highest place among poets of her sex, but her verse, in the
main, appeals to a limited class of readers. It has a masculine
strength, a passionate vehemence of expression, and it is often
pathetic and tender, but its frequent obscurity is a grave defect.
Aurora Leigh, Casa Guidi Windows, and Sonnets from the Portuguese, are
among her chief works. _See Letters of, edited by R. H. Hone, 1877,
Contemporary Rev. 1873, and Stedman's Victorian Poets._ _Pub. Mil._
=Browning, Robert.= 181 Poet. Husband to E. B. B. Author of a
long series of poems, some of them obscure and enigmatical to the last
degree, but all bearing the marks of great genius. Paracelsus,
Sordello, Pippa Passes, The King and The Book, Fifine at the Fair, and
Jocoseria are some of them. His circle of sincere admirers is small,
but shorter poems of his, like Herve Riel, and the Pied Piper of
Hamelin, are widely known and read. _See Lit. World, March 11, 1882,
Century Mag. December, 1881, and Stedman's Victorian Poets._ _Pub.
Hou._
=Brunton, Mrs. Mary Balfour.= 1778-1818. Scotch novelist. Author Self
Control and Discipline. _Pub. Har._
=Bryant, Jacob.= 1715-1804. Classical and mythological writer.
=Bryce, James.= 181 Historian. Author Native Education in India,
and The Holy Roman Empire. _Pub. Har. Mac._
=Brydges, Sir Sam'l Egerton.= 1762-1837. A prolific writer in verse
and prose. Style often fantastic and eccentric.
=Buchanan, George.= 1506-1582. Scotch poet and historian. Wrote a
Latin version of the Psalms, and a Latin Hist. of Scotland. _See
Hallam's Lit. of Europe._
=Buchanan, Robert.= 184 Scotch poet. Author Idyls and Legends,
London Poems, Balder the Beautiful, etc. A writer of some power, but
one whose verse is marred by frequent affectations. _See Stedman's
Victorian Poets, and Contemporary Rev. November, 1873._ _Pub. Har.
Hou. Rou._
=Buckhurst, Lord.= See Sackville, Thos.
=Buckingham, Duke of.= See Villiers, George.
=Buckinghamshire, Duke of.= See Sheffield, John.
=Buckland, Francis Trevelyan.= 1826-1880. Naturalist. Son to W. B.
Author Curiosities of Nat. Hist., Familiar Hist. British Fishes, etc.
=Buckland, Wm.= 1784-1856. Geological writer of note.
=Buckle, Henry Thos.= 1822-1862. Historian. His great work, The Hist.
of Civilization, was left unfinished. His style is easy and flowing,
but his inferences and conclusions are frequently controverted. _See
Atlantic Monthly, Jan. and April, 1863._ _Pub. Apl._
=Budgell, Eustace.= 1685-1736. Essayist. Author of all the papers in
the Spectator signed X.
=Bull, George.= 1634-1710. Bp. St. David's. Theologian. An opponent of
Calvinism, against which his Latin treatise, Harmonia Apostolica, is
aimed.
=Bulwer-Lytton, Sir Edward Geo.= 1805-1873. Novelist and Poet. Several
of his 25 novels, like The Caxtons, My Novel, Harold, and Kenelm
Chillingly, are masterpieces of their kind. Others as well known are
Pelham, Zanoni, Last Days of Pompeii, Rienzi, etc. Richelieu, Money,
and Lady of Lyons are his most popular dramas. King Arthur and The
New Timon are two of his longer poems. _See Memoir, by Lord Lytton,
Quarterly Rev., Jan. 1865, Blackwood's Mag. Mar., 1873, and Tennyson's
poem The New Timon._ _Pub. Har._
=Bulwer-Lytton, Edward Robert.= "Owen Meredith." 183 Poet. Son
to preceding. Author of Lucile, Fables in Verse, The Ring of Amasis,
etc. His verse has melody and strength, but Lucile, his chief poem, a
novel in verse, is asserted to be a plagiarism. _See Stedman's
Victorian Poets._
=Bunyan, John.= 1628-1688. Allegorist. Author Pilgrim's Progress, Holy
War, etc. The first named is the most famous allegory in the world.
The product of a strong, vivid imagination, it holds the attention of
cultured and uncultured minds alike. _See Biographies of, by Southey,
and Macaulay, and Bunyan, by J. A. Froude in Eng. Men of Letters._
=Burke, Edmund.= 1730-1797. Orator and statesman. As a political
writer he has few equals. Among his best efforts are Letters on a
Regicide Peace, Letters to a Noble Lord, and Orations on the
Impeachment of Warren Hastings. Style polished and cultured. _See
Morley's Life of, 1867. See select works edited by E. J. Payne, 1874._
=Burnand, Francis Cowley.= 183 Author Happy Thoughts, The New
History of Sanford and Merton, etc. _Pub. Rob._
=Burnet, Gilbert.= 1643-1715. Bp. Salisbury. Historian. Author Hist.
Reformation, Hist. My Own Times, etc. A vivacious, diffuse narrator.
_See Macaulay's Hist. of England._ _Pub. Dut. Mac._
=Burnet, James.= Lord Monboddo. 1714-1799. An eccentric writer, noted
for his theory that mankind once had tails, which the habit of
sitting on had worn away.
=Burnet, Thos.= 1635-1715. Author Telluris Sacra Theoria, a fantastic
system of Geology, written in an eloquent and majestic style.
=Burney, Charles.= 1726-1814. Author Gen. Hist. of Music, Life of
Metastasio, etc. _See Life, by his daughter, Madame D'Arblay._
=Burney, Frances.= See D'Arblay, Madame.
=Burns, Robert.= 1759-1796. Scotch poet. A singer of love songs. His
verse shows a gentle, tender spirit, and a sympathy for all created
things, new to the poetry of his day. Tam O'Shanter, Twa Dogs, and The
Jolly Beggars, show the humorous side of his nature. The Cotter's
Saturday Night, Auld Lang Syne, A Man's a Man for a' That, are
universally known, and some of his lyrics will last as long as the
language. _See Carlyle's Misc. Essays; Craik's Eng. Lit. vol. 2; also
Burns, by Shairp, in Eng. Men of Letters._ _Pub. Apl. Har. Hou. Por._
=Burton, John Hill.= 1809-1881. Scotch historian. Author Life and
Correspondence of David Hume, Hist. Reign of Q. Anne, Hist. Scotland,
etc.
=Burton, Robert.= 1576-1640. Author of Anatomy of Melancholy. Style
fantastic, original, and diffuse. _Pub. Apl. Clx. Dut._
=Butler, Alban.= 1710-1773. Author Lives of the Fathers, Saints, etc.,
Letters on the Hist. of the Popes, etc. _See edition of the Lives,
1812, with Life of A. Butler by Chas. Butler._
=Butler, Charles.= 1750-1832. Neph. to A. B. Author Horae Biblicae,
continuation of the Lives of the Saints, etc. _See Alibone's Dict._
=Butler, Joseph.= 1692-1752. Bp. Bristol. Theologian. His great work,
Analogy between Natural and Revealed Religion, is much studied and
admired. _See edition of his works, 1867._ _Pub. Har._
=Butler, Samuel.= 1612-1680. Satirical poet. His Hudibras, written in
ridicule of the Puritans, is witty and spirited, but too long for the
taste of modern readers. _See edition of his works by Gilfillan,
1854._ _Pub. Apl._
=Butler, Wm. Archer.= 1814-1848. Author Lect. on Hist. of Ancient
Philosophy, etc. _See Woodward's Life of._ _Pub. Ca. Mac._
=Byrd, Wm.= 1540-1623. Poet. Author of the famous lines beginning, "My
mind to me a kingdom is."
=Byrom, John.= 1691-1763. Pastoral poet.
=Byron, Henry James.= 183 Dramatist. Author Babes in the Wood,
Our Boys, Not such a Fool as he Looks, Good News, etc.
=Byron, Lord.= See Gordon, George.
=Caedmon [k[=a]d'm[o)]n].= ---- c. 680. Anglo-Saxon poet. A monk of
Whitby, who wrote about 670 a metrical paraphrase of the Scriptures.
It is accented and alliterative, like all Anglo-Saxon poetry, and
marks the beginning of Eng. poetry. _See Thorpe's edition of, London,
1832._
=Calamy, Edmund.= 1600-1666. Theological writer.
=Calamy, Edmund.= 1671-1732. Grandson to preceding. Author of the
Nonconformists' Memorial, Defence of Moderate Nonconformity, etc. _See
his history of his Life and Times, edited by Rutt, 1829._
=Calverley, Chas. Stuart.= 183 Poet. Author of Fly-Leaves,
translation of Theocritus, etc. _Pub. Ho._
=Camden, Wm.= 1551-1623. Antiquary. Author of Britannia, a Latin
description of Britain, etc.
=Campbell, George.= 1709-1796. Scotch theologian. Author Dissertations
on Miracles, Philosophy of Rhetoric, Lect. on Eccl. Hist., etc. _Pub.
Har._
=Campbell, John.= 1708-1775. Historical and political writer.
=Campbell, John,= _Lord Chancellor_. 1779-1861. Biographer. Author
Lives of the Lord Chancellors, and Lives of the Chief Justices. _See
Edinburgh Rev. Oct. 1857; and see H. Martineau's Biographical
Sketches._ _Pub. Apl. Lit._
=Campbell, Thomas.= 1774-1844. Scotch poet. Author Pleasures of Hope,
Gertrude of Wyoming, etc., poems artificial in cast. His lyrics, like
Hohenlinden, Ye Mariners of England, etc., are fine specimens of lyric
verse. _See Life of by Dr. Beattie, 1849. See W. M. Rossetti's edition
of his poems with critical introduction._
=Canning, George.= 1770-1827. Writer of witty parodies. Needy
Knife-Grinder, etc.
=Carew, Lady Elizabeth.= Fl. c. 1613. Author of the tragedy of Marian.
=Carew, Thomas.= 1589-1639. Poet. His poems are brief and mainly
amatory in character. _See complete edition by W. Carew Hazlitt. See
Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 2._
=Carey, Henry.= 1663-1743. Dramatist and poet. Author
Chrononhotonthologos, The Dragon of Wantley, the ballad of Sally in
our Alley, and God Save the King.
=Carleton, Wm.= 1798-1869. Irish novelist. Style vigorous and
picturesque. _Pub. Rou._
=Carlyle, Thomas.= 1795-1881. Essayist and historian. Author of
Essays, Chartism, Heroes and Hero-Worship, Sartor Resartus, Past and
Present, Latter-Day Pamphlets, Life of Sterling, History French
Revolution, Life of Frederick the Great, etc. A vigorous, opinionated
writer, with a style which is vivid and picturesque, but often wordy
and obscure. A man of great but wayward intellectual powers. _See
Eclectic Mag. 1881. Reminiscences by Carlyle; Letters of Jane Welsh
Carlyle, and Emerson and Carlyle._ _Pub. Hon. Har. Lip._
=Carpenter, Lant.= 1780-1840. Theological writer.
=Carpenter, Wm. Benj.= 181 Physiologist of note. Son to L. C.
Author of Principles of Human Physiology, Zoology, and the Instinct of
Animals, The Microscope, etc. _Pub. Apl._
=Carr, J. Comyns.= 184 Art Critic and Editor. Author of Drawing
by the Italian Masters, St. Albans, Essays, etc.
=Carte, Thos.= 1686-1754. Historian. Author Hist. England to 1654.
=Carter, Elizabeth.= 1717-1806. Classical writer. Author of a
translation of Epictetus and original poems. The most learned woman of
her time.
=Cartwright, Wm.= 1611-1643. Poet. He enjoyed a great reputation in
his day.
=Carey, Henry Francis.= 1772-1844. Poet. Author of a much admired
blank verse translation of Dante. _See Memoirs of, by his son, 1847._
=Caxton, Wm.= 1412-1492. The first Eng. printer. Was author and
translator of some 60 books.
=Cayley, Arthur.= 182 Mathematical writer.
=Cecil [s[)e]s'il or sis'il], Wm.= 1520-1598. Statesman. Author of
Precepts addressed to his son.
=Centlivre [sent-l[)i]v'er], Mrs. Susanna.= 1680-1723. Dramatist. Her
best comedies are The Busybody and The Wonder, the last of which still
keeps the stage. _See Atlantic Monthly, June, 1882._
=Challoner, Bp. Richard.= 1691-1781. Author of an Eng. version of the
Bible, Grounds of the Catholic Doctrine, etc.
=Chalmers [chaw'merz], George.= 1742-1825. Scotch historian.
=Chalmers, Thomas.= 1780-1847. Scotch theologian. The most powerful
preacher of his time. Author of Natural Theology, Christian Evidences,
etc. _See Memoirs of, by Wm. Hanna; do. by F. Wayland; also, Spare
Hours, 1st series, by Dr. John Brown._ _Pub. Har._
=Chamberlayne, Wm.= 1619-1689. Poet. Author Love's Victory and
Pharonidia.
=Chambers, Robert.= 1802-1871. Scotch publisher. Author of the noted
Vestiges of the Nat. Hist. of Creation, etc. _See Memoirs of, by W.
Chambers._
=Chambers, Wm.= 1800-1883. Scotch publisher. Bro. to R. C. Author
Memoirs of Rob't Chambers, Wintering at Mentone, etc. The brothers
were joint editors of many popular works: Information for the People,
Encyclopaedia, Book of Days, Miscellany, etc. _Pub. Lip._
=Chapman, George.= 1557-1634. Dramatist. Chiefly noted for a fine
translation of Homer in 14-syllable verse. _See his Homer, 4 vols.,
London, 1858_; _Dramatic Works, 1873_; _George Chapman, by Swinburne._
=Chapone [sh[)a]-p[=o]n'], Mrs. Hester.= 1727-1801. Author of
treatises on Morals and Philosophy.
=Charles, Mrs. Elizabeth Rundle.= 182 Author of the noted
Schoenberg-Cotta Family, and other excellent semi-religious stories.
_Pub. Do._
=Charlesworth, Maria Louisa.= 1830-1880. Author of much religious
fiction, of which Ministering Children is the best example. _Pub. Apl.
Ca._
=Chatham, Lord.= See Pitt, Wm.
=Chatterton, Thomas.= 1752-1770. Poet. Author of imitations of old
Eng. poetry, which for a short time deceived the scholars of that day,
and as the work of a boy of 17 were very remarkable. _See Chatterton,
a Biographical Study, by Daniel Wilson, London, 1870._ _Pub. Hou._
=Chaucer, Geoffrey.= 1340-1400. Poet. Author of numerous lesser poems,
but The Canterbury Tales is his greatest work. He is rightly called
the Father of Eng. Song, since it is with him that Eng. poetry really
begins. He gave form to the language, and blended the French and Eng.
influences into a harmonious whole. His verse, in the main, is easy
and musical, and shows a love of nature. _See publications of the
Chaucer Society._ _Chaucer, by A. W. Ward._ _See Gilman's edition of
Chaucer in 3 vols., 1879._ _Pub. Hou._
=Chesterfield, Earl of.= See Stanhope, Philip.
=Chettle, Henry. Fl.= c. 1600. Dramatist. Prolific, but valueless.
=Chillingworth, Wm.= 1602-1644. Theologian. Author of Religion of
Protestants a Safe Way to Salvation, a celebrated work. _See Oxford
edition, 3 vols., 8vo, 1838._
=Chitty, Joseph.= 1776-1841. Jurist. Author of Practical Treatise on
Criminal Law, Synopsis of Practice, and other invaluable legal
text-books. _Pub. Lip._
=Chorley, Henry Fothergill.= 1808-1872. Musical critic. Author Thirty
Years' Musical Recollections, Criticisms on Modern German Music, etc.,
and of numerous songs and opera librettos. _See Autobiography, Memoirs
and Letters, 2 vols., London, 1873._ _Pub. Ho._
=Christmas, Henry.= See Noel-Fearn.
=Church, Alfred John.= 182 Stories from Homer, Stories from
Virgil, Poems, etc. Of the poems, Unseen is one of the best. _Pub.
Har._
=Church, Richard Wm.= 181 Author Life of Anselm, University
Sermons, Civilization before and after Christianity, Sacred Poetry of
Early Religions, Spenser in Eng. Men of Letters, etc. _Pub. Har. Mac._
=Churchill, Charles.= 1731-1764. Satirical poet. The Rosciad is his
chief work. Was at one time an extremely popular poet. _See Essay on,
by Macaulay._
=Cibber [s[)i]b'ber], Colley.= 1671-1757. Dramatist. Author of The
Careless Husband, She Would and She Would Not, and some 20 other
plays. _See his Apology for his Life._
=Clare, John.= 1793-1864. Pastoral poet. Author Poems of Rural Life
and Scenery, etc. Some of his verse has great beauty. _See J. L.
Cherry's Life of, London, 1873._
=Clarendon, Earl of.= See Hyde, Edward.
=Clarke, Adam.= 1760-1832. Irish bibliographer. Author Commentary on
the Bible, Bibliographical Dict., Succession of Sacred Lit., etc. An
industrious, careful writer. _Pub. Phi._
=Clarke, Charles Cowden.= 1787-1877. Author of Shakespeare Characters,
Moliere Characters, Riches of Chaucer, etc. _Pub. Scr._
=Clarke, Mrs. Mary Cowden.= 180 Wife to C. C. C. Shakespearean
scholar. Author of the noted Concordance of Shakespeare, World-Noted
Women, and several vols. of verse. With her husband was editor of an
annotated edition of Shakespeare, 1869. _Pub. Cas. Lit._
=Clarke, Samuel.= 1675-1729. Metaphysician. Author of numerous
metaphysical works written in a simple yet vigorous and eloquent
style.
=Cleveland, John.= 1613-1658. Poet. A famous Cavalier writer. His
verse is satirical and amatory in character.
=Clifford, Wm. Kingdon.= 1845-1879. Scientist. Author Lect. and
Essays, Elements of Dynamics, Seeing and Thinking, and Mathematical
Papers. _See biographical introduction to Lect. and Essays, by F.
Pollock._ _Pub. Mac._
=Clive, Mrs. Archer.= 180 Novelist. Author Paul Ferrol, Why Paul
Ferrol Killed his Wife, etc.
=Clough [kluf], Arthur Hugh.= 1819-1861. Author of The Bothie of
Tober-na Vuolich, Amours de Voyage, both hexameter poems, Dipsychus,
and minor poems. His verse shows a mastery of metre and a thoughtful,
earnest spirit. _See Atlantic Monthly, April, 1862_; _Hutton's Essays;
Matthew Arnold's Essays in Criticism_; _Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 4._
_Pub. Ho. Mac._
=Cobbe, Frances Power.= 182 Philosophical writer. Author of
Intuitive Morals, Religious Duty, Darwinism in Morals, The Peak in
Darien, Duties of Women, etc. A clear, able, and vigorous writer.
_Pub. El._
=Cobbett, Wm.= 1762-1835. Political writer. Style idiomatic and
rancorous. _See Robert Walker's How to Get on in the World, as
Demonstrated by the Life and Language of William Cobbett._
=Cobden, Richard.= 1804-1865. Statesman. _See Political Writings of
London, 1867_; _Speeches, etc., in London, 1870_; _Gilchrist's Life
of, 1865_; _and Recollections of, by Ashworth_. _Pub. Apl._
=Cockburn [k[=o]'burn], Henry Thos., Lord.= 1779-1854. Jurist. Author
Life and Correspondence of Lord Jeffrey, and Memorials of his Times.
=Coke, Sir Edward.= c. 1549-1634. Jurist. Best known by his famous
Coke upon Littleton, or the First Institute.
=Colenso, John Wm.= 1814-1883. Bp. Natal. Theologian. Author of The
Pentateuch and Joshua Critically Examined, Lect. on the Pentateuch and
Moabite Stone, etc. An able and vigorous writer.
=Coleridge [k[=o]l'r[)i]j], Hartley.= 1796-1849. Poet. Son to S. T. C.
Author of Poems, Essays, Life of Massinger, etc. Style in both prose
and verse clear and beautiful. _See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 4._
=Coleridge, Henry Nelson.= 1800-1843. Neph. to S. T. C. Essayist.
Style able and scholarly.
=Coleridge, John Taylor.= 1790-1876. Neph. to S. T. C. Author of an
annotated Blackstone, Memoir of John Keble, etc.
=Coleridge, Samuel Taylor.= 1772-1834. Poet and philosopher. Author of
The Ancient Mariner, Christabel, Kubla Khan, etc., in verse; Lect. on
Shakespeare, Table-Talk, The Friend, Biographia Literaria, etc., in
prose. A man of great genius, who accomplished little commensurate
with it. His best, however, is unsurpassable. _See 9 vol. edition, N.
Y., 1853-4._ _See Gilman's Life of_; _Personal Recollections of Joseph
Cottle_.
=Coleridge, Sara.= 1803-1852. Dau. to S. T. C. and wife to H. N. C.
Editor of her father's works, and author of the exquisite romance
Phantasmion. A writer of much critical ability. _See Memoir of._ _Pub.
Har. 1873._
=Collier, Jeremy.= 1650-1726. Theologian. His famous pamphlet against
the immorality of the stage greatly helped to purify Eng. literature.
=Collier, John Payne.= 1789-1883. Shakespearean scholar. Best known in
connection with the famous Collier MSS. of Notes and Emendations to
the text of Shakespeare. _See Atlantic Monthly, Oct., 1859, and Sept.,
1861._ _Pub. Scr._
=Collins, Mortimer.= 1827-1876. Novelist. Author Sweet Anne Page,
Marquis and Merchant, etc. _Pub. Apl. Har._
=Collins, Wm.= 1720-1756. Poet. Famous for his musical odes, as The
Passions, Evening, and the poem How Sleep the Brave. C. occupies a
high place among minor poets. _See Johnson's Lives of the Poets._
=Collins, Wm. Wilkie.= 182 Novelist. Excels all other novelists
in the construction of plots. The Woman in White is his most famous
story. _Pub. Har._
=Colman, George.= 1733-1794. Dramatist. Composed nearly 30 comedies,
of which The Jealous Wife is one of the best.
=Colman, George.= The Younger. 1762-1836. Dramatist. Son to preceding.
A writer of spirited comedies, such as The Heir-at-Law, Poor
Gentleman, John Bull, The Iron Chest, etc.
=Combe [koom], Andrew.= 1797-1847. Scotch physiological writer. _Pub.
Har._
=Combe, George.= 1788-1858. Scotch phrenologist. Bro. to A. C. Author
Constitution of Man, etc. _See H. Martineau's Biographical Sketches
and Capen's Reminiscences of G. Combe._ _Pub. Har._
=Congreve [k[)o]ng'gr[=e]v], Wm.= 1670-1729. Dramatist. Author of the
tragedy of The Mourning Bride, and of The Double Dealer, Old Bachelor,
Love for Love, and other coarse but brilliant comedies. _See edition
by Leigh Hunt, London, 1849._
=Conybeare [k[)u]n'[)i]-b[)e]r], John.= 1692-1755. Theologian of note.
=Conybeare, John Josias.= 1779-1824. Grandson to J. C. Antiquary.
Author of Illustrations of Anglo-Saxon Poetry, a work of much value.
=Conybeare, Wm. Daniel.= 1787-1857. Geological writer of note.
=Conybeare, Wm. John.= ---- 1857. Theologian. Author with Dean Howson
of The Life and Epistles of St. Paul. _Pub. Ran. Scr._
=Cook, Eliza.= 181 Poet. Author of The Old Arm Chair, etc. Style
simple and tender.
=Coombe [koom], Wm.= 1741-1823. A voluminous satirical and humorous
writer, best known by his poem Dr. Syntax. _Pub. Rou._
=Cooper, Anthony Ashley.= 3d Earl of Shaftesbury. 1671-1713. Ethical
writer. Author of Characteristics of Men, etc.
=Copleston [kop'[e^]l-st[o^]n], Edward.= 1776-1849. Bp. Llandaff.
Theological writer.
=Corbet, Richard.= 1562-1635. Bp. Norwich. Poet of indifferent merit.
=Cornwall, Barry=. See Procter, B. W.
=Coryat, Thomas.= 1577-1617. Writer of travels. Best known by Coryat's
Crudities, entertaining, but full of affectations.
=Costello, Dudley.= 1803-1865. Novelist. Author Stories from a Screen,
Faint Heart Never Won Fair Lady, The Millionaire, etc.
=Costello, Louisa Stuart.= 1815-1870. Novelist and writer of travels.
Sister to D. C. Author of The Queen Mother, the Rose Garden of Persia,
etc.
=Cottle, Joseph.= 1770-1853. Poet. Best known, however, by his
Reminiscences of Coleridge and Southey.
=Cotton, Charles.= 1630-1687. Poet and translator of Montaigne.
=Cotton, Nathaniel.= 1721-1788. Poet. Author Visions in Verse,
Miscellanies.
=Cotton, Sir Robert.= 1570-1631. Antiquary and historical collector.
=Coverdale, Miles.= 1487-1568. Bp. Exeter. Translator, with Tyndale,
of the Bible. The first translation of the whole Bible was by C., and
appeared in 1635.
=Cowley, Abraham.= 1618-1667. Poet and essayist. His popularity, once
great, is now slight. His verse is ingenious, but contains little
poetic feeling. His most pretentious poem is The Davideis. _See
Aikin's edition, 3 vols., 1802._
=Cowper [koo'per or kow'per], Wm.= 1731-1800. Poet. His verse is
mainly religious or didactic, but his humorous ballad of John Gilpin
is widely famous. He was the author of many beautiful and well-known
hymns, of a long poem, The Task, and the exquisite Lines on My
Mother's Picture. Style quiet and meditative. _The best edition of C.
is that by Southey, with biography, 1838._ _See Cowper, by Goldwin
Smith, in Eng. Men of Letters._
=Cox, Sir George W.= 182 Historian. Author Hist. of Greece,
Mythology of the Aryan Nations, Tales of Ancient Greece, etc. _Pub.
Apl. Har. Ho._
=Coxe, Wm.= 1744-1828. Historian. Author Hist. House of Austria, Kings
of Spain, Memoirs of Duke of Marlborough, etc. A standard writer.
_Pub. Apl._
=Crabbe, George.= 1754-1832. Poet. Writer of realistic, matter-of-fact
narrative poems: The Village, The Parish Register, etc. _See complete
edition of 1834, 8 vols., with Life._ _See Atlantic Monthly, May,
1880, "A Neglected Poet."_
=Crabbe, George.= 1778-1834. Philologist. Author of Hist. Eng. Law and
a noted work on Eng. Synonyms. _Pub. Har._
=Craig-Knox, Mrs. Isa.= 183 Scotch poet. Author Ode to Burns,
Duchess Agnes, etc. _Pub. Cas._
=Craik, Mrs. Dinah Maria Mulock.= 182 Novelist and poet. Author
of quiet, helpful, earnest stories, among which John Halifax,
Gentleman, is the most noted. Others are, A Brave Lady, A Noble Life,
A Woman's Kingdom, Mistress and Maid, etc. Philip My King and Douglas
are two of her finest poems. _Pub. Har. Hou. Mac._
=Craik, George Lillie.= 1799-1866. Historian. Author of a valuable
Hist. Eng. Lit., The English of Shakespeare, Bacon and his Philosophy,
etc. _See Rolfe's Craik's English of Shakespeare._ _Pub. Scr._
=Cranmer, Thos.= 1489-1555. Abp. Canterbury. Theologian. _See
Archdeacon Todd's Life of, 1831._
=Crashaw [cr[)a]sh'aw], Richard.= c. 1620-1650. Poet. Author of Steps
to the Temple, etc. His verse is fanciful and mystical, but always
melodious. _See Turnbull's complete edition of London, 1858._ _See G.
MacDonald's England's Antiphon and Cornhill Mag., April, 1883._
=Creasy, Sir Edward Shepherd.= 1812-1878. Historian. Author Fifteen
Decisive Battles of the World, Hist. Ottoman Turks, Hist. of England.
_Pub. Ho. Har._
=Croker, John Wilson.= 1780-1857. Essayist and historical writer.
Style caustic and vigorous. _See H. Martineau's Biographical
Sketches._
=Croker, Thos. Crofton.= 1798-1854. Irish novelist. Author of romances
and fairy tales, the latter of great beauty.
=Croly, George.= 1780-1860. Irish poet. Author Angel of the World,
Catiline, etc. His verse has a showy, tinsel brilliancy. _Pub. Har.
Rou._
=Cruden [kroo'den], Alexander.= 1701-1770. Scotch theologian. Famous
as the author of the well-known Concordance to the Bible. _Pub. Lip.
Ran. Wh._
=Cudlip, Mrs. Annie Pender=, "Annie Thomas." 18-- ----. Novelist.
Author Denis Donne, A Passion in Tatters, Playing for High Stakes,
etc. _Pub. Har._
=Cudworth, Ralph.= 1617-1688. Philosopher. His True Intellectual
System ranks among Eng. prose classics. _See edition 1845, 3 vols._
=Cumberland, Richard.= 1632-1718. Bp. Peterborough. Philosophical
writer.
=Cumberland, Richard.= 1732-1811. Great-grandson to preceding. Poet
and dramatist. Wrote The West Indian, Wheel of Fortune, and other
rather sentimental comedies. _See edition of his dramas, by Jansen,
1813._
=Cumming, John.= 1810-1881. Scotch theologian and popular London
preacher. Author Apocalyptic Sketches, Fall of Babylon Foreshadowed,
etc.
=Cunningham, Allan=. 1785-1842. Scotch poet and critic. C. wrote many
spirited songs, among which A Wet Sheet and a Flowing Sea is best
known. Author Hist. British Painters, Life of Wilkie, etc. _See Poems
and Songs of, edited by Peter Cunningham, 1847._ _Pub. Har._
=Cunningham, John.= 1729-1773. Irish lyrical poet.
=Cunningham, John Wm.= 1780-1861. Poet.
=Cunningham, Peter.= 1816-1869. Son to A. C. Antiquary. Author
Handbook of London, Modern London, Memoir of J. M. W. Turner, etc.
=Dalrymple, Sir David.= 1726-1792. Scotch historian. Author Annals of
Scotland, etc.
=Dalrymple, John Hamilton.= 1726-1810. Scotch historian. Author
Memoirs of Great Britain.
=Daniel, Samuel.= 1562-1619. Poet and historian. D. wrote a Hist. of
the Civil Wars in 8-line stanzas, also a prose Hist. of England. _See
Campbell's Specimens of Eng. Poets._
=D'Arblay, Madame,= _nee_ =Frances Burney.= 1752-1840. Novelist.
Author Evelina, Cecilia, Camilla, etc. _See her Diary, pub. 1846; also
Contemporary Rev., Dec., 1882._ _Pub. Har. Rob._
=Darwin, Chas. Robert.= 1809-1882. Naturalist. The most notable
scientist of the age, and the originator of the Evolution Theory. He
had a clear, well-balanced mind, and his statements are based on
careful observation and reflection. Origin of Species, Variation under
Domestication, Expression of Emotion in Man and Animals, Descent of
Man, Insectivorous Plants, and Movements in Plants are his chief
works. _See Atlantic Monthly, June, 1882; Century Mag., Jan., 1883._
_Pub. Apl._
=Darwin, Erasmus.= 1731-1802. Grandfather to C. D. Poet and physician.
Author of The Botanic Garden, a hard, metallic poem of a scientific
cast, polished and elaborated to excess. _See Miss Seward's Memoirs
of; Craik's Eng. Lit., vol. 2; Krause's Life of._
=Davenant, Sir Wm.= 1605-1688. Dramatist. D. wrote 25 comedies and
tragedies, and the long and feeble heroic poem Gondibert. _See Ward's
Eng. Poets, vol. 2._
=Davies, Sir John.= 1570-1626. Poet. Author of Nosce Teipsum, a poem
on the immortality of the soul, of great power and beauty, and a
poetical treatise on dancing, entitled Orchestra. _See Grosart's
complete edition, 1876._ _See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 1._
=Davy, Sir Humphrey.= 1778-1829. Chemist. Author Researches Chemical
and Philosophical, Elements of Chemical Philosophy, Consolations of
Travel, etc. _See Life and Works of, by John Davy, 9 vols., London,
1840._ _Pub. Rob._
=Day, Thomas.= 1748-1789. Author of the famous juvenile tale Sandford
and Merton. _Pub. Har. Hou. Rob._
=Defoe, Daniel.= 1661-1731. Political writer and novelist. His stories
form the link connecting the tales and romances of the 17th cent. with
the novel of the 18th. Moll Flanders, Capt. Singleton, and Robinson
Crusoe are among his chief works. Style lively, rapid, and realistic.
_See Oxford edition, 20 vols., 1840._ _See Life, by Lee, 3 vols.;
also, Defoe, by Wm. Minto, in Eng. Men of Letters._
=Dekker, Thomas.= c. 1570-1641. Dramatist. Author Satiriomastix, etc.
D. wrote mainly with other dramatists, but so far as his separate work
can be traced, it shows tenderness and pathos. _See Eng. edition of
Dekker, 1873._ _See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 2._
=De la Rame [deh-lae-rae-m[=a]'], Louisa=, "Ouida." 184 Novelist.
Author of Strathmore, Moths, Bebee, Wanda, etc. An entertaining,
sprightly writer, of much genius, whose works are of a doubtful moral
tendency. _Pub. Lip._
=De Morgan, Augustus.= 1806-1871. Mathematician. Author Essays on
Probabilities, Formal Logic, Paradoxes and Problems, etc.
=Denham, Sir John.= 1615-1668. Poet. His poem Cooper's Hill shows fine
descriptive powers. _See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 2._
=Dennis, John.= 1657-1734. Dramatist and critic. Author of A Plot and
No Plot, Appius and Virginia, The Usefulness of the Stage, The
Grounds of Criticism, etc.
=De Quincey, Thomas.= 1785-1859. Critic and essayist. A great master
of Eng. prose. He possessed great acuteness and fine descriptive
powers, but lacked creative ability. Confessions of an Opium-Eater and
Murder Considered as one of the Fine Arts are two of the best examples
of his style. _See Page's Life of, 1877; Biographical Sketches by H.
Martineau._ _Pub. Hou._
=Derby, Earl of.= See Stanley, Edward G. S.
=De Redcliffe, Lord Stratford.= 1788-1880. Poet and theologian.
=De Vere, Sir Aubrey.= 1788-1846. Irish poet. Author Julian the
Apostate, etc.
=De Vere, Aubrey Thos.= 181 Irish poet. Son to preceding. Author
May Carols, Irish Odes, The Sisters, etc. His verse is pleasing, and
possesses merit.
=De Vere, Edward.= Earl of Oxford. 1545-1604. Poet.
=Dibdin, Charles.= 1745-1814. Poet and miscellaneous writer. Author of
a complete Hist. of the Eng. Stage, but best known by his naval songs,
over 1200 in number. _For the latter, see Hogarth's edition, 1843._
=Dibdin, Thos.= 1771-1841. Son to C. D. A prolific song-writer and
playwright. Author of a Metrical Hist. of England, etc.
=Dibdin, Thos. Frognall.= 1776-1847. Bibliographer. Neph. to C. D.
Author Bibliomania, Typographical Antiquities of Gt. Britain,
Bibliographical Decameron, etc.
=Dicey, Edward Stephen.= 183 Journalist. Author Memoir of
Cavour, Rome in 1860, The Schleswig-Holstein War, etc.
=Dick, Thomas.= 1772-1857. Scotch writer. The Christian Philosopher is
his best known work. _Pub. Har. Clx. Phi._
=Dickens, Charles.= 1812-1870. Novelist. Author of some 30 novels and
tales, all bearing marks of genius and originality. He is widely read
and admired, and his novels delight readers of all ages. His principal
faults consist in elaborating and dwelling on the grotesque and
unattractive side of humanity, and in overstraining the pathetic
portions of his novels. Pickwick Papers, Nicholas Nickleby, Tale of
Two Cities, David Copperfield, Oliver Twist, and the Christmas Carol
are among the best of his works. _See Fields's Yesterdays with
Authors, and Lives by Forster and Mackenzie._ _Pub. Apt. Est. Har.
Hou. Le. Lip. Lit. Pet. Por. Rou. Os._
=Digby, Sir Kenelm.= 1603-1665. Philosophical writer.
=Digby, Kenelm Henry.= 180 Archaeologist. Author Mores Catholici,
The Broad Stone of Honor, etc. An industrious and careful writer.
=Dilke, Chas. Wentworth.= 1789-1864. Critical writer of note.
=Dilke, Sir Chas. Wentworth.= 184 Grandson to preceding.
Traveler and political writer. Author Greater Britain, The Fall of
Prince Florestan of Monaco, etc. _Pub. Har. Lip. Mac._
=Dillon, Wentworth.= Earl of Roscommon. 1633-1684. Poet. Essay on
Translated Verse is his chief work. Style elegant and cold.
=Disraeli [diz-r[=a]'el-ee], Benj.= 1805-1881. Novelist and statesman.
Son to I. D. A talented and successful writer, possessed of great
energy and strength of will. In his novels the leading people of his
time are satirized. Vivian Gray, his first novel, and Endymion, his
last, appeared fifty-five years apart. Others are Contarini Fleming,
Henrietta Temple, Coningsby, Venetia, Tancred, and Lothair, all
brilliant and showy productions. _Pub. Apl. Har._
=Disraeli, Isaac.= 1766-1848. An industrious writer of miscellaneous
works, the best known being Curiosities of Lit., Calamities of
Authors, Quarrels of Authors, etc. _See edition of, by his son, 1850._
_Pub. Arm. Har. Rou._
=Dixon, Wm. Hepworth.= 1821-1879. Historian and biographer. Author
Personal Hist. of Lord Bacon, New America, Hist. of Two Queens, Her
Majesty's Tower, etc. _Pub. Har. Lip._
=Dobell [d[)o]-bell'], Sydney.= 1824-1874. Poet. A writer who has an
honorable place among modern minor poets. Author of The Roman, Balder,
etc. _See Stedman's Victorian Poets; Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 4._ _See
complete English edition, 1875; also, Life and Letters of, London,
1879._
=Dobson, Austin.= 184 Poet and critic. Author Vignettes in
Rhyme, Proverbs in Porcelain, etc. An exceedingly graceful writer,
whose poems all show a cultivated imagination and much tenderness of
expression. Among the best are After Sedan, The Dead Letter, and The
Young Musician. Fielding, in Eng. Men of Letters, is his chief prose
work. _Pub. Ho._
=Doddridge, Philip.= 1702-1751. Moralist. Author Rise and Progress of
Religion in the Soul, Family Expositor, Hymns, etc. Style plain and
simple. _See edition of, Leeds, 1802, 10 vols.; also, Life and
Correspondence, 5 vols., London, 1831, and Life, by D. A. Harsha._
=Dodsley, Robert.= 1703-1764. Poet and publisher. Author Economy of
Human Life, etc. Best known by his Collection of Old Plays. _See
edition by W. Carew Hazlitt, 1875._
=Donne [d[)o]n], John.= 1573-1631. Poet and theologian. His
versification is rugged, and his style obscure and fantastic, but his
poems, both religious and amatory, contain much beauty of thought. His
seven Satires are vigorous efforts. _See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 1._
_See Dean Alford's 6 vol. edition, 8vo, London, 1838._ _Pub. Hou._
=Doran, John.= 1807-1878. Biographer. Author Lives of Queens of the
House of Hanover, Monarchs Retired from Business, Hist. Court Fools,
New Pictures and Old Panels, etc. _Pub. Arm._
=Dorset, 6th Earl of.= See Sackville, Geo.
=Dorset, 1st Earl of.= See Sackville, Thos. See Buckhurst, Lord.
=Douglas, Gawain.= 1474-1522. Bp. Dunkeld. Scotch poet. D. was the
first metrical translator of Virgil in Gt. Britain. _See Ward's Eng.
Poets, vol. 1._ _See complete Eng. edition by J. Small, 1874._
=Dowden, Edward.= 184 Poet and Shakespearean scholar. Author
Shakespeare's Mind and Art, Southey, in Eng. Men of Letters, Poems,
etc. _Pub. Har._
=Drayton, Michael.= 1563-1631. Poet. His chief work is the Polyolbion,
a poetical description of Britain in 100,000 lines. A far better work
is the Nymphidia, an exquisitely graceful, mock heroic fairy poem.
_See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 1._
=Drummond, William= [of Hawthornden]. 1585-1649. Scotch poet. His
Sonnets are his best production. _See Memoirs by Masson, 1863._
_Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 1._
=Dryden, John.= 1631-1700. Poet and dramatist. His verse takes a wide
range: in satire we have Absalom and Achitophel, MacFlecknoe, etc.; in
theology, Religio Laici, Hind and Panther, etc.; in drama, some thirty
plays; in translation, his Virgil; and in lyric poetry, his
magnificent Ode for St. Cecilia's Day. D. had great genius, not always
worthily employed. His dramas, when not stilted, are licentious, and
as a satirist he is bitter, personal, and coarse. _See Masson's
Essays, and Lowell's Among My Books; also, Dryden, by Saintsbury, in
Eng. Men of Letters._ _Pub. Hou. Har. Rou._
=Dugdale, Sir Wm.= 1605-1685. Antiquary. Author Antiquities of
Warwickshire, and other valuable antiquarian works.
=Dunbar, Wm.= 1465-1530. Scotch poet. D. wrote The Thistle and Rose,
The Golden Terge, etc. His witty, striking, and original genius is
closely akin to that of Burns. _See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 1._
=D'Urfey, Thos.= 1650-1723. Dramatist. Witty, but coarse and immoral.
=Dutt, Toru.= 1856-1877. Hindu poetess. A writer of much genius.
Ballads of Hindustan, and Sheafs Gleaned from French Fields, a vol. of
fine Eng. translations, are her chief works. _See Lit. World, June 17,
1882._
=Dyce, Alexander.= 1798-1869. Scotch Shakespearean scholar of note.
_See his edition of Shakespeare, with Glossary, 1867._
=Dyer, George.= 1755-1841. Author Hist. University of Cambridge, etc.
=Dyer, John.= 1698-1758. Welsh poet. Author Grongar Hill, The Fleece,
and Ruins of Rome. His verse is natural and unaffected. _See Ward's
Eng. Poets, vol. 3._
=Dyer, Thos. Henry.= 180 Historian. Author Hist. Modern Europe,
Ancient Athens, Hist. Kings of Rome, Hist. City of Rome, and Life of
Calvin. _Pub. Lit._
=Eadmer [[)e]d'mer].= ---- 1124. Bp. St. Andrews. Wrote a Latin Hist.
of his Own Time.
=Earle, John.= 1601-1655. Bp. Worcester. The reputed author of the
Micosmography, a remarkable vol. of studies of character.
=Eastlake, Sir Chas.= 1793-1865. Artist. Author Hist. Gothic Revival,
Materials for a Hist. Oil Painting, etc. _See Lady Eastlake's
Biography of, 1870._
=Eden [[=e]'den], Sir Fred'k Morton.= 1766-1809. Author of a valuable
Hist. of the Laboring Classes of England, etc.
=Edgeworth, Maria.= 1767-1849. Novelist. Author Rosamond, Castle
Rackrent, Belinda, Helen, etc. Style didactic, but entertaining. Her
juvenile tales are numerous and popular. _See Study of Miss Edgeworth,
by Mrs. Oliver, 1882._ _Pub. Har. Lip. Rou._
=Edwards, Amelia Blandford.= 183 Novelist and Egyptologist.
Author Barbara's History, Lord Brackenbury, etc. A writer of much
talent, whose rank among Eng. novelists is a high one. _See Lit.
World, June 4, 1881._ _Pub. Har. Por. Rou._
=Edwards, Mrs. Annie.= 18-- ----. Novelist. Susan Fielding, Ought We to
Visit Her? and Archie Lovell are among the best of her excellent
novels. _Pub. Sh._
=Edwards, Matilda Betham.= 183 Novelist. Cousin to A. B. E.
Author Doctor Jacob, Kitty, etc. Style clear and picturesque. _Pub.
Har. Lip. Rob._
=Edwards, Richard.= 1523-1566. Poet. Principal author of the famous
poetical collection of his day, The Paradise of Dainty Devices.
=Eliot, George.= See Evans, Marian.
=Ellicott, Chas. John.= 181 Bp. Gloucester and Bristol.
Theologian. Author The New Testament Commentary, Historical Lect. on
the Life of Christ, etc. _Pub. Arm. Dra. Dut._
=Elliott, Ebenezer.= 1781-1849. Poet. Known as the Corn-Law Rhymer.
His verse is earnest and ardent, and shows much feeling. _See Life of,
by Searle._ _See Eng. edition, 1876._
=Ellis, George.= 1745-1815. Antiquarian of note. Best known by his
valuable work, Specimens of Early Eng. Poets.
=Ellis, Sir Henry.= 1777-1869. Antiquarian writer.
=Ellis, Mrs. Sarah [Stickney].= 1812-1872. Author Women of England,
Daughters of England, Wives of England, Mothers of England, etc.
=Ellwood, Thos.= 1639-1713. Poet. Author of a dull poem entitled The
Davideis.
=Elphinstone [[)e]l'fin-st[o^]n], James.= 1721-1809. Scotch
grammarian.
=Elphinstone, Mountstuart.= 1779-1859. Historical writer. Author Hist.
of India, etc.
=Elyot [[)e]l'[)i]-[o^]t], Sir Thos.= c. 1495-1546. Moralist. Author
Defence of Good Women, etc.
=Emerson-Tennent, Sir James.= 1804-1869. Historical writer.
=Erskine, Thos.= 1750-1823. Jurist. _See Select Speeches, with Memoir
by Walford, 2 vols., 8vo, London, 1870._
=Etheridge, Sir George.= 1636-1694. Comic dramatist. Author of The
Comical Revenge, She Would if She Could, etc. Style sprightly and
witty. _See Living Age, Apr. 30, 1881._
=Evans, Marian=, "George Eliot." 1820-1880. Novelist and poet. A
complete list of her works comprises translations of Strauss's Life of
Jesus and Feuerbach's Essence of Christianity; the novels, Scenes of
Clerical Life, Adam Bede, Mill on the Floss, Silas Marner, Romola,
Felix Holt, Middlemarch, and Daniel Deronda; the long poems, Spanish
Gypsy, Agatha, Legend of Jubal, and How Lisa Loved the King, with a
few short ones; and a vol. of essays, entitled Impressions of
Theophrastus Such. The strength of her novels lies in their wonderful
delineations of character, their subtle analysis of motive as acted on
by circumstance, and the lofty wisdom that infuses the whole. They
awaken the best impulses of humanity, and appeal to all the finer
sympathies. Her style is strongly marked, often picturesque, and her
descriptions clear and distinct. Her poems, though containing many
beautiful passages, do not, with one or two exceptions, take a high
rank. The best one is probably the famous O May I Join the Choir
Invisible. _See George Eliot, by Mathilde Blind; Hutton's Essays;
Cent. Mag., Nov., 1881; Eclectic Mag., April, 1881; Lit. World, Feb.
24, 1883; and Galaxy Mag., June, 1869._
=Evelyn, John.= 1620-1706. Agricultural writer. Author of Sylva Terra
and a famous Diary, which accurately reflects the manners of his time.
_See Diary and Letters of, edited by John Forster, 1857._ _See London
edition, 1875._
=Faber Frederick William.= 1815-1863. Religious poet. Author of a
number of beautiful and popular Hymns. _Pub. Dut. Mur. Wh. Rou._
=Faber, George Stanley.= 1773-1854. Theologian. Author of The Sacred
Calendar of Prophecy, etc. Style clear and exact.
=Fabyan, Robert,= c. 1456-1512. Chronicler. Wrote a Concordance of
Histories, which begins with Brutus and ends with his own time.
=Fairfax, Edward.= ---- 1632. Poet. Author of a fine translation of
Tasso. _See Am. edition, 1855, 12mo._
=Falconer [fawk'ner], Wm.= 1730-1769. Scotch poet. Author of The
Shipwreck, a poem of considerable beauty, and a Marine Dict. _See
Campbell's Specimens of the Eng. Poets._ _Pub. Hou._
=Fanshawe, Sir Richard.= 1608-1666. Poet. Translator of Camoens's
Lusiad, and author of some graceful poems.
=Faraday, Michael.= 1791-1867. Chemist. Author of numerous scientific
works, The Chemistry of a Candle, Physical Forces, etc. _See Life and
Letters of, 1870, by J. Bruce Jones, Tyndall's Faraday as a
Discoverer, and Life, by J. H. Gladstone._ _Pub. Har. Rou._
=Farjeon, Benjamin Leopold.= 183 Novelist. Joshua Marvel, Grif,
Blade-o'-Grass, London's Heart, and Bells of Penraven are among his
best works. Style akin to that of Dickens. _Pub. Har._
=Farmer, Richard.= 1735-1797. Shakespearean scholar. Author Essay on
the Learning of Shakespeare.
=Farquhar [far'kwar or far'kaer], George.= 1678-1707. Irish dramatist.
A writer of brilliant, sparkling comedies, full of good feeling. The
Beaux' Stratagem and The Recruiting Officer are the best. _See his
comedies edited by Leigh Hunt._ _See Atlantic Monthly, March, 1882._
=Farrar, Frederic Wm.= 183 Theologian. Author Life of Christ,
Eternal Hope, Life and Epistles of St. Paul, Seekers after God, etc.
Of several stories by him, St. Winifred's is perhaps the best. _Pub.
Cas. Dut. Fu. Lip. Mac._
=Fawcett, Henry.= 183 Writer on Political Economy. Author Free
Trade and Protection, Pauperism--its Causes and Remedies, Manual of
Political Economy, etc. _Pub. Mac._
=Fawcett, Millicent Garrett.= 184 Wife to H. F. Author Tales in
Political Economy, Political Economy for Beginners, etc. _Pub. Mac._
=Feltham, Owen.= c. 1608-1677. Essayist. Author Divine and Moral
Resolves. Style pointed and sententious.
=Fenton, Elijah.= 1683-1730. Poet. Assisted Pope in translating the
Odyssey. His original verse is not unmusical.
=Ferguson, Adam.= 1724-1816. Scotch historian and philosopher. Author
Hist. of Civil Society, Hist. Progress and Termination of Roman
Empire, etc. Style clear and scholarly.
=Ferguson, James.= 1710-1776. Scotch philosophical and mathematical
writer.
=Fergusson, James.= 180 Scotch architectural writer of note.
Author Hist. of Architecture. _Pub. Lit._
=Fergusson, Robert.= 1750-1774. Scotch poet. Author of The Farmer's
Ingle, etc. _See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 3._
=Ferrar, Nicholas.= 1592-1637. Religious writer. _See Atlantic
Monthly, Aug. 1871._
=Ferrier, James.= 1808-1864. Scotch metaphysician. His Institutes of
Metaphysics is a work of much learning and acuteness.
=Ferrier, Susan Edmonstone.= 1782-1854. Scotch novelist. Aunt to J.
F. Author of Marriage, The Inheritance, and Destiny. Her works show
much humor and are piquant in style. _See Eng. edition 1841._ _See
Temple Bar, Nov., 1878, and London Lit. World, March 31, 1882._ _Pub.
Har. Rou._
=Fielding, Henry.= 1707-1754. Novelist. With Richardson he founded a
new school of fiction, distinguished by a careful study of character
and a more truthful drawing of human nature than what had preceded.
Joseph Andrews, Amelia, and Tom Jones, though stamped with the
coarseness of his age, will continue to be read for their originality,
wit, and acute reflections. _See Thackeray's Eng. Humorists, Masson's
Novelists and their Styles, and Dobson's Fielding in Eng. Men of
Letters._ _Pub. Har. Lit. Rou._
=Finlay, George.= 1800-1875. Scotch historian. Author Hist. Greece
under the Romans, Hist. Byzantine and Greek Empires, Hist. Greece
under Ottoman and Venetian Dominion, and Hist. of the Greek
Revolution. A standard authority. _Pub. Mac._
=Fisher, Edward.= 1620-1660. Welsh theologian. Author of a noted
controversial work called The Marrow of Modern Divinity.
=Fitzgerald, Edward.= 1808-1883. Translator of note. Author of
scholarly translations of Omar Khayyam, Calderon, and AEschylus.
=Fitzgerald, Percy.= 183 Novelist and litterateur. Author
Romance of the English Stage, etc.
=Fitzgerald, Wm.= 181 Bp. Killaloe. Theologian. Author Holy
Scripture, The Ultimate Rule of Faith, Life of Butler, etc.
=Flamsteed, John.= 1646-1719. Astronomical writer.
=Fletcher, Sir Andrew= [of Saltoun]. 1663-1716. Political writer. _See
Erskine's Life of, 1792._
=Fletcher, Giles.= 1588-1623. Poet. Bro. to P. F. and cousin to J. F.
Author Christ's Victory and Triumph, a long poem in 8-line stanzas.
_See Works edited by Grosart, 1876._ _See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 2._
=Fletcher, John.= 1576-1625. Dramatist. Colleague of Beaumont. Among
plays attributed solely to F. are Rule a Wife and Have a Wife,
Beggar's Bush, and the exquisite pastoral drama The Faithful
Shepherdess. He wrote, also, portions of Shakespeare's Two Noble
Kinsmen and Henry VIII., perhaps his finest effort being the famous
Wolsey Soliloquy in the latter. See Beaumont, F. _See Dyce's edition,
1843._ _See Lamb's Specimens of the Dramatic Poets, Schlegel's
Dramatic Lit., and Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 2._
=Fletcher, Mrs. Maria Jane.= [Jewsbury.] 1800-1833. Poet.
=Fletcher, Phineas.= 1584-1650. Poet. Bro. to G. F. and cousin to J.
F. F. wrote a long and curious allegorical and anatomical poem, The
Purple Island. The subject, fantastically and minutely treated, is the
human body. _See Southey's Early Eng. Poets._
=Florio, John.= 1545-1625. Grammarian.
=Fonblanque [f[)o]n-bl[)a]nk'], Albany.= 1797-1872. Journalist. Author
England under Seven Administrations. _See Life and Labors of, 1874._
=Foote, Samuel.= 1721-1777. Comic dramatist. The Liar and one or two
other farces of his still keep the stage. _See Fosters Essays and Life
by Coke, 1805._
=Forbes, Alexander Penrose.= 1817-1875. Bp. Brechin. Theologian.
Author Explanation of the Thirty-Nine Articles, etc. _See Memoir,
1876._ _Pub. Dut._
=Forbes, Archibald.= 183 Scotch journalist. Author Soldiering
and Scribbling, Glimpses through the Cannon Smoke, etc. _Pub. Osg.
Rou._
=Forbes, James David.= 1809-1868. Scientist. Author Theory of
Glaciers, etc. _See Life and Letters of by John C. Shairp, 1873._
=Ford, John.= 1586-1639. Dramatist. His plays all deal with unhappy
love, but are powerful though morbid. The Broken Heart, his best work,
is a masterpiece of pathos. His style possesses great beauty. _See
Moxon's edition Old Eng. Dramatists, and Swinburne's Essays and
Studies._
=Forrester, Mrs.= 18-- ----. Novelist. Author Dolores, Diana Carew,
Mignon, etc. _Pub. Lip._
=Forster, John.= 1812-1876. Essayist and biographer. Author lives of
Dickens, Goldsmith, Landor, Swift, Statesmen of the Commonwealth of
Eng., etc. _Pub. Apl. Har. Lip._
=Fortescue, Sir John.= c. 1395-1485. Legal writer. De Laudibus Legum
Angliae.
=Foster, John.= 1770-1843. Essayist. His style has both vigor and
beauty. _Pub. Ca._
=Fothergill, Jessie.= 18-- ----. Novelist. Author The First Violin,
Kith and Kin, One of Three, etc. _Pub. Ho._
=Fox, Chas. James.= 1749-1806. Orator and historian. _See edition of
his Speeches, 6 vols., London, 1815, and Life, by Geo. O. Trevelyan._
=Fox, George.= 1624-1690. Theological writer. Founder of the Society
of Friends. _See Life, by S. M. Janney._
=Fox, John.= 1517-1587. Martyrologist. Author of the famous Book of
Martyrs. _Pub. Cas. Clx._
=Francillon, R. E.= 184 Novelist. Author Under Slieve Ban, Rare
Good Luck, Queen Cophetua, etc. _Pub. Apl. Ho._
=Francis, Sir Philip.= 1740-1818. Political writer. Supposed author of
the famous Junius Letters, a series of powerful political tracts. _See
Junius, Johnson's Cyc._ _Pub. Rou._
=Fraser, James Baillie.= 1783-1856. Novelist and traveller. Author of
The Kuzzilbash, Hist. Persia, etc. _See Chambers Cyc. Eng. Lit., vol.
2._
=Freeman, Edward Augustus.= 182 Historian. Author Hist. Norman
Conquest, Wm. Rufus and Henry First, Hist. Architecture, Unity of
Hist., etc. An eminently thorough, accurate writer, whose Norman
Conquest is one of the most important of English histories. Style
animated and scholarly. _Pub. Ho. Mac._
=Fremantle, Wm. Henry.= 183 Theologian. Author The Gospel of the
Secular Life, Bampton Lect. 1883, etc. _Pub. Scr._
=Freer, Martha Walker.= 182 Historian. Author Life of Marguerite
of Navarre, Life of Henry III. of France, etc.
=Frere [freer], John Hookham.= 1769-1846. Poet. A writer of merit in
translation and in original verse. _See Eng. edition of, 2 vols.,
London, 1872._
=Friswell, James Hain.= 1827-1878. Essayist. Author Familiar Words,
The Gentle Life, Francis Spira and other Poems, etc. _Pub. Por._
=Froude [frood], James Anthony.= 181 Historian and essayist.
Author Hist. of England, The English in Ireland, Short Studies on
Great Subjects, The Nemesis of Faith, etc. His historical portraits
are brilliant and his historical grouping dramatic, but his judgments
of men and motives are open to criticism. All his works show great
labor and research. _Pub. Har. Scr._
=Froude, Richard Hurrel.= 1803-1836. Bro. to J. A. F. Religious
writer. _See Remains of, 4 vols., London, 1838._
=Fuller, Thomas.= 1608-1661. Historian and biographer. Author Ch.
Hist., Hist. of Worthies of England, Sermons, Holy State, etc. A
quaint, humorous, original writer of great eminence in his own day and
still read with pleasure. _See Life, by Russell, 1844._ _Pub. Dut.
Mac._
=Fullerton, Lady Georgiana.= 181 Novelist. Grantley Manor,
Constance Sherwood, Too Strange Not to be True, and Lady Bird, are
some of her works. _Pub. Apl. Cath. Pi._
=Furnivall, Fred'k James.= 182 Shakespearean scholar. Editor of
the Leopold Shakespeare.
=Fyffe, Chas. Alan.= 184 Historian. Author Modern Europe, Hist.
Greece in Appleton's Hist. Primers, etc. _Pub. Apl. Ho._
=Gale, Theophilus.= 1628-1678. Theologian. Author of The Court of the
Gentiles.
=Galt, John.= 1779-1839. Scotch novelist. Author Annals of a Parish,
Ayrshire Legatees, Life Lord Byron, etc. A prolific writer who has
carefully drawn Scotch provincial and peasant life. _See
Autobiography, 1834._ _Pub. Har._
=Gardiner, Sam'l Rawson.= 182 Historian. Author of The 30 Years'
War, 1618-1648. Eng. Hist. for Students, etc. _Pub. Ho._
=Garrett, Edward.= See Mayo, Mrs. Isabella.
=Garrick, David.= 1716-1779. Dramatist. Author Lying Valet, Miss In
her Teens, etc. _See Life, by Percy Fitzgerald, 1872._
=Garth, Samuel.= 1672-1719. Poet and physician. His mock epic, The
Dispensary, is a feeble work. _See Ward's English Poets, vol. 3._
=Gascoigne, Mrs. Caroline Leigh.= 181 Novelist and poet. Author
Doctor Harold, etc.
=Gascoigne, George.= 1530-1577. Poet. The Steel Glass his chief work.
_See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 1._
=Gaskell, Mrs. Elizabeth Cleghorn.= 1810-1865. Novelist and
biographer. Author of Ruth, Sylvia's Lovers, Wives and Daughters, Mary
Barton, etc. Her books are earnest and well written; Cranford, in
fact, is almost a classic work, and her Life of Charlotte Bronte is a
much-admired biography. _See Lit. World, July 1, 1882._ _Pub. Apl.
Har._
=Gast, John.= 1715-1788. Irish historian.
=Gatty, Alfred.= 181 Author The Vicar and His Duties, Study of
In Memoriam, etc.
=Gatty, Mrs. Margaret.= 1809-1873. Wife to A. G. Author Parables from
Nature, The Fairy Godmother, Proverbs Illustrated, Aunt Judy's Tales,
etc. _Pub. Ca. Put._
=Gauden, John.= 1605-1664. Bp. Worcester. His Ik[=o]n Basilik[=e]
professed to be the work of Charles I., of whose sufferings it was an
account, and its true authorship has occasioned much controversy.
=Gay, John.= 1688-1732. Poet and dramatist. G. wrote The Beggar's
Opera, a famous musical drama, and numerous other works. _See edition
of his Poems, London, 1806._ _See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 3, and Gay's
Fables edited by Austin Dobson._ _Pub. Apl._
=Gell [j[)e]l], Sir Wm.= 1777-1836. Archaeologist. Author Topography of
Rome, etc.
=Geoffrey [j[)e]f'r[)i]] of Dunstable.= ---- 1146. Author of a miracle
play of St. Catherine [1110], usually considered the first dramatic
work in any modern language.
=Geoffrey of Monmouth.= c. 1100-1154. Bp. St. Asaph, Anglo-Saxon
Chronicler.
=Gibbon, Edward.= 1737-1794. Historian. Author of the Decline and Fall
of the Roman Empire; a masterly work, artistically conceived and
carried out, with great research and careful detail. See Milman's
edition, 1845. _See Autobiography edited by Milman, 1839._ _Pub. Har.
Por._
=Gifford, Wm.= 1757-1826. Critic and reviewer. G. wrote the Baviad and
Maeviad, two sharp literary satires, and as editor of the Quarterly
Review was author of many bitter, satirical reviews. _See Hazlitt's
Spirit of the Age._
=Gilbert, Wm.= 1540-1603. Philosophical writer. Author De Magnete.
=Gilbert, Wm.= 18-- ----. Novelist. Author De Profundis, etc.
=Gilbert, Wm. Schevenck.= 183 Dramatist and humorous poet; son
to preceding. Author of The Bab Ballads, Original Plays, and of the
librettos of Pinafore, Pirates of Penzance, The Sorcerer, Patience,
Iolanthe, etc. _See Scribner's Mag., Sept. 1879._ _Pub. Por. Rou.
Scr._
=Gilchrist, Alexander.= 1827-1861. Biographer and art writer. Author
lives of Blake and Etty.
=Gildas.= fl. c. 510. Anglo-Latin Chronicler. _See Stevenson's
edition, London, 1838._
=Gilfillan, George.= 1813-1878. Scotch miscellaneous writer. Author
Gallery of Literary Portraits, Life of Walter Scott, Bards of the
Bible, etc. _Pub. Har._
=Gilfillan, Robert.= c. 1798-1850. Scotch poet.
=Gillies, John.= 1747-1836. Scotch historian. Author Hist. Ancient
Greece, etc.
=Gilpin, John.= 1724-1804. Critic and biographer. Author Life of
Bernard Gilpin, etc.
=Giraldus, Cambrensis.= 1147-1216. Welsh historian and poet.
=Girdlestone, Chas.= 1797-1881. Religious writer. Author Concordance
to the Prayer-Book, etc.
=Gladstone, Wm. Ewart.= 180 Statesman and essayist. Author of
Juventus Mundi, Homeric Studies, The Vatican Decrees, etc. Style
polished and able. _See Sketch of, by H. W. Lucy, Short Life of, by C.
H. Jones, and Life, by Geo. Barnett Smith._ _Also Harper's Mag.,
April, 1882._ _Pub. Apl. Har. Scr._
=Gloucester [gl[)o]s-ter], Robert of.= fl. c. 1280. Rhyming
chronicler.
=Glover, Richard.= 1712-1785. Poet. Author of Leonidas, an epic,
Hosier's Ghost, etc. _See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 3._
=Godwin, Mrs. Mary Wollstonecraft.= 1759-1797. Wife to W. G. Author
Vindication of the Rights of Women, etc. Style bold and able. _See
Atlantic Monthly, Dec. 1880._
=Godwin, Wm.= 1756-1836. Philosopher and novelist. Author Caleb
Williams, St. Leon, Cloudesly, Answer to Malthus, Political Justice,
etc. _See Life, by Kegan Paul, 1876, and Leslie Stephen's Hours in a
Library._ _Pub. Har._
=Goldsmith, Oliver.= 1728-1774. Irish poet and novelist. A writer of
great delicacy and purity of sentiment, possessing a simple,
delightful style. His poems, The Deserted Village and The Traveller,
are charming pieces of description; his comedies, The Good-Natured Man
and She Stoops to Conquer, are bright and sparkling, the latter being
perennially fresh; and his novel, The Vicar of Wakefield, is an Eng.
classic. _See Lives, by Prior, Forster, W. Irving, and Goldsmith by
Wm. Black in Eng. Men of Letters._ _See Select Poems of, edited by
W.J. Rolfe._ _Pub. Clx. Har._
=Good, John Mason.= 1764-1827. Physician and miscellaneous writer.
Author Study of Medicine, The Book of Nature, Medical Technology, etc.
_Pub. Har._