——— _That the fixed Stars are luminous Bodies, at immense
Distances from us_ ibid.
——— _Of Telescopical Stars_ 35
——— _The Stars digested into Constellations_ 36
——— _Of the Galaxy, or Milky Way_ 38
[Illustration]
_The_ DESCRIPTION _and_ USE _of
the_ CELESTIAL _and_ TERRESTRIAL
GLOBES.
_The Geometrical Definition of a Globe, and of the principal
Use of the Artificial Globes_ 42
_That there will be the same prospect of the Fixed Stars,
whether the Spectator be placed in the Sun, or on the
Earth_ 45
SECT. I. _An Explanation of the Circles of the Sphere,
and of some Astronomical Terms arising therefrom_ 47
——— _Of the Division of Time_ 69
——— _Of the Atmosphere_ 81
SECT. II. _Geographical Definitions_ 84
——— _Of the Situation of Places upon the Earth_ ibid.
——— _Of Zones and Climates_ 90
——— _Of the Poetical Rising and Setting of the Stars_ 96
——— _Of the surface of the Earth, considered as it is
composed of Land and Water_ ibid.
——— _Of the appurtenances of the Globes_ 101
SECT. III. _The Use of the Globes_ 104
PROBLEM I. _To find the Latitude and Longitude of any given
place upon the Globe; and on the contrary, the
Latitude and Longitude being given to find the Place_ ibid.
PROB. II. _To find the Difference of Latitude
betwixt any two given places_ 106
PROB. III. _To find the Difference of Longitude
betwixt any two given places_ ibid.
PROB. IV. _Any Place being given; to find all those places
that are in the same Latitude with the said place_ 107
PROB. V. _The Day of the Month being given; to find
the Sun’s place in the Ecliptic, and his Declination_ 108
PROB. VI. _To rectify the Globe for the Latitude,
Zenith, and Sun’s place_ 109
PROB. VII. _To find the Distance between any two
given Places upon the Globe, and to find all those
places upon the Globe that are at the same Distance
from a given place_ 110
PROB. VIII. _To find the Angle of a Position of Places;
or the angle formed by the Meridian of one place,
and a great circle passing through both the places_ 111
PROB. IX. _To find the_ Antœci, Periœci, _and_
Antipodes, _to any given place_ 113
PROB. X. _The Hour of the Day at one Place being given;
to find the correspondent Hour (or what o’Clock it
is at that time) at any other place_ 114
PROB. XI. _The Day of the Month being given; to
find those places on the Globe where the Sun will be
Vertical, or in the Zenith, that Day_ 115
PROB. XII. _A place being given in the_ Torrid
Zone; _to find those two Days in which the Sun will
be Vertical to the same_ 116
PROB. XIII. _To find where the Sun is Vertical at
any given time assigned; or, the Day of the Month and
the Hour at any place_ (_suppose_ London) _being
given, to find in what place the Sun is Vertical at
that very time_ ibid.
PROB. XIV. _The Day, and the Hour of the Day at one
place, being given; to find all those places upon the
Earth where the Sun is then Rising, Setting, Culminating
(or on the Meridian); also where it is Day-light, Twilight,
Dark Night, Midnight; where the Twilight then begins, and
where it ends; the Height of the Sun in any part of the
illuminated Hemisphere; also his Depression in the
obscure Hemisphere_ 117
PROB. XV. _The Day of the Month being given, to show,
at one View, the Length of Days and Nights in all Places
upon the Earth, at that time; and to explain how the
Vicissitudes of Day and Night are really made by the
motion of the Earth round her Axis, in 24 Hours,
the Sun standing still_ 119
PROB. XVI. _To Explain in general the Alteration
of Seasons, or Length of the Days and Nights, made in
all places of the World, by the Sun’s, or the Earth’s
Annual motion in the Ecliptic_ 121
PROB. XVII. _To shew by the Globe, at one View,
the Length of the Days and Nights, at any particular
place, at all times of the Year_ 128
PROB. XVIII. _The Latitude of any place, not
exceeding 69½ Degrees, and the Day of the Month being
given; to the time of Sun-rising and Setting, and the
length of the Day and Night_ 136
PROB. XIX. _To find the length of the longest and shortest
Day and Night in any given place, not exceeding 66½
Degrees of Latitude_ 137
PROB. XX. _To find in what Latitude the longest Day is,
of any given length less than 24 Hours_ 139
PROB. XXI. _A Place being given in one of the_
Frigid Zones _(suppose the Northern) to find what number
of Days (of 24 Hours each) the Sun doth constantly shine
upon the same, how long he is absent, and also the first
and last day of his appearance_ 140
PROB. XXII. _To find in what Latitude the longest Day is,
of any given length, less than 182 natural Days_ 141
PROB. XXIII. _The Day of the Month being given; to
find when the Morning and Evening_ Twilight _begins
and ends, in any place upon the Globe_ 142
PROB. XXIV. _To find the time when total Darkness
ceases, or when the Twilight continues from Sun-setting
to Sun-rising, in any given place_ 144
PROB. XXV. _The Day of the Month being given; to
find those places of the_ Frigid Zones, _where the Sun
begins to shine constantly without setting; and also
those places where he begins to be totally absent_ 146
PROB. XXVI. _The Latitude, the Sun’s Place, and his
Altitude being given; to find the Hour of the Day,
and Sun’s Azimuth from the Meridian_ 149
PROB. XXVII. _The Latitude, Hour of the Day, and
the Sun’s Place being given; to find the Sun’s Altitude_ 150
PROB. XXVIII. _The Latitude of the Place, and the
Day of the Month being given; to find the depression
of the Sun below the Horizon, and his Azimuth, at any
Hour of the Night_ 151
PROB. XXIX. _The Latitude of the Sun’s Place, and his
Azimuth being given; to find his Altitude, and the
Hour_ 152
PROB. XXX. _The Latitude, the Sun’s Altitude, and his
Azimuth being given; to find his Place on the Ecliptic,
and the Hour_ ibid.
PROB. XXXI. _The Declination, and Meridian Altitude
of the Sun, or of any Star being given; to find the
Latitude of the Place_ 153
PROB. XXXII. _The Day and Hour of a Lunar Eclipse
being known; to find all those Places upon the Globe
in which the same will be visible_ 154
PROB. XXXIII. _The Day of the Month, and Hour of
the Day, according to our way of reckoning in_ England,
_being given; to find thereby the_ Babylonish, Italic,
_and_ Jewish, _or_ Judaical _Hour_ 155
PROB. XXXIV. _To find the Right Ascension and
Declination of the Sun, or any Fixed Star_ 156
PROB. XXXV. _To find the Longitude and Latitude
of a given Star_ 158
PROB. XXXVI. _The Latitude of the Place, the Day
of the Month, and the Hour being given; to find what
Stars are then rising and setting, what Stars are
culminating, or on the Meridian, and the Altitude and
Azimuth of any Star above the Horizon; and also how to
distinguish the Stars in the Heavens one from the other,
and to know them by their proper Names_ 159
PROB. XXXVII. _The Latitude of the Place being
given; to find the Amplitude, Oblique Ascension, and
Descension, Ascensional Difference, Semi-diurnal Arch,
and the time of Continuance above the Horizon, of any
given Point in the Heavens_ 162
PROB. XXXVIII. _The Latitude and the Day of the
Month being given; to find the Hour when any known Star
will be on the Meridian, and also the time of its
Rising and Setting_ 165
PROB. XXXIX. _To find at what time of the Year a
given Star will be upon the Meridian, at a given Hour
of the Night_ 166
PROB. XL. _The Day of the Month and the Azimuth, of any
known Star being given; to find the Hour of the Night_ 167
PROB. XLI. _Two known Stars, having the same
Azimuth, or the same Height, being given; to find the
Hour of the Night_ 168
PROB. XLII. _The Latitude, Day of the Month, and
the Altitude of any known Star being given; to find
the Hour of the Night_ 169
PROB. XLIII. _Having the Latitude of the Place, to
find the Degree of the Ecliptic, which rises or sets with
a given Star; and from thence to determine the time of
its_ Cosmical _and_ Achronical _Rising and Setting_ 171
PROB. XLIV. _Having the Latitude of the Place; to find
the time when a Star rises and sets_ Heliacally 172
PROB. XLV. _To find the Place of any Planet upon
the Globe, so by that Means to find its Place in the
Heavens; also to find at what Hour any Planet will rise
or set, or be on the Meridian, at any Day in the Year_ 173
PROB. XLVI. _To find all that space upon the Earth where
an Eclipse of one of the Satellites of_ Jupiter _will
be visible_ 175
_The_ DESCRIPTION _of the_ ORRERY 177
_Of the Motions of the Planets in general_ 183
_Of the Stations and Retrogadations of the Planets_ 186
_Of the Annual and Diurnal Motion of the Earth_ 194
_Of the Phases of the Moon, and of her Motion in her Orbit_ 201
_Of the Eclipses of the Sun and Moon_ 208
_Of the Eclipses of_ Jupiter’_s Satellites_ 212
[Illustration]