WHAT CLUBS ARE STUDYING
II
From many club year books that have been examined the following programs
are selected:
Here is the program of a Louisiana club which has studied the history of
its own State--a very good thing to do: The Early Settlers in Louisiana;
Founding of New Orleans; Spanish Dominion; Jackson Square and the
Cabildo; Louisiana's Part in the Revolution; The Great Purchase; The
Battle of New Orleans; The Carnival and Mardi Gras; The French Quarter;
Louisiana Folk Tales; The Evangeline Country; The State's Resources;
Forestry; Mines and Minerals; Products; The History of the Levees; Bird
Life in Louisiana; Louisiana Law; The Code; Laws of the Home; Legal
Status of Women, and Their Influence in Municipalities. It is hoped that
this program was illustrated with the many delightful stories of life
in New Orleans which have been written.
* * * * *
A club in Idaho has an interesting connection with the Commercial Club
of the city made up of business men, and works with them by having
occasional meetings together. Some of the topics studied this year are
these:
Aids to the Public School System; Social Centers and Open Air Schools;
Parent and Teacher Associations; Encouraging Home Industry; The Idaho
Health Bill; What the Government Is Doing for Women and Children; City
Sanitation; Market Inspection; Uniform Marriage and Divorce Laws; The
Proposed Compensation Act for Criminals; Interstate Commerce; Property
Rights of Women; Juvenile Courts; Conservation of Natural Resources;
Civic Improvements; Pure Food.
* * * * *
A Vermont club which has existed for many years has in its year book a
list of all the subjects studied for the past ten. Some of these are:
Colonial America, Later American History, Short Studies on Great
Subjects, Russia and Japan.
In addition to these studies the club has had lectures on American
Indians, The Moving Picture Show, Forestry, Humane Education, Travels in
the Penal Settlements of Siberia, and The Land of Evangeline; most of
these have been illustrated. This club numbers a hundred members.
* * * * *
A Western club has taken up Shakespeare in a remarkably thorough way. It
has had five plays for the year's work, and one act of each play has
been read at each meeting, followed by a paper relating to it, and a
discussion. One part of their work is this: Antony and Cleopatra--Act I,
The History of the Play and Its Setting; Act II, Paper on Egyptology;
Act III, Paper on Cleopatra and Her Influence. Other plays are studied
in the same way.
* * * * *
A Georgia club gave the first half of the year to the study of
Shakespeare's women, and the latter half to this program on American
Painters: The Early Painters, to 1865; Whistler and LaFarge; Landscape
and Marines; Figures; Miniature Painters; American Illustrators; Stained
Glass Designers. A noticeable feature of the year book is the printing
at the back of an excellent bibliography, giving a list of all the books
needed in the work.
* * * * *
From Ohio comes a program on Welfare Study and Vocations for Trained
Women; The Boy Problem; The Girl Problem; Local Civics; Foods; Women in
Business (three meetings); Women in Arts and Professions (three
meetings), and Handicraft (three meetings).
* * * * *
An Alabama club has a year book on Spain of more than usual
attractiveness. Each topic is unusually well developed: The Land of
Spain; The Dawn of History in Spain; The Moors; The Age of Adventure;
Kings; Spain in Its Glory; The Church; Cities; Social Life; Industries
and Occupations; Spanish Women; Art and Literature; Spain To-day.
* * * * *
A New York club has this study in Conservation: Water Power, the History
of Its Development; State Laws; Reclamation of Arid Lands; Government
Dams; The Laws of Water Rights; Our Fisheries; Our Forests; Forestry
Service; Our Mineral Wealth; Conditions in Mining Districts; Laws of
Mining; Conservation of Human Energy; Labor Laws; Protection of
Workers; Compensation; Abandoned Farms; Scientific Farming; Life Saving
Service; Government Lands; Homestead Claims.
* * * * *
A delightful year book has the title "Studies in English History," with
this program: Life Among the Early Saxons; Alfred the Great; The Norman
Conquest and Its Influences; Edward the Third and Chivalry; Chaucer and
His Tales; The Wars of the Roses; Henry the Eighth and the Reformation;
The Glory of Elizabeth's Reign; Puritans and Cavaliers; Oliver Cromwell
and His Times; The Romance of the Stuarts; William of Orange, Queen
Anne, and the Literature of the Times; Art of Reynolds and Gainsborough;
The Romantic Movement in Literature; The Reform Bill of 1832 and the
Rise of Democracy; The Age of Victoria; Life and Society; English
Essayists and Novelists.
The charm of this study lay not only in the subjects given, but in the
readings which illuminated each monthly program, chosen from the best
literature bearing on the general subject.
* * * * *
A teachers' club has a program with no definite title, but with a
certain geographical and historic value, and at the same time deals with
subjects in which the members take a professional interest. Each meeting
begins with a roll call answered sometimes by description of unique
customs in different countries, and sometimes by anecdotes of famous
people, and often by epigrams, or selections from poems of the season.
Some of the subjects studied are: Changing China; The Possibilities of
Labrador; Persia; The Passing of Korea; Tripoli the Mysterious;
Abyssinia of To-day, and The Balkan States. The topics of special
interest to the teacher: The Montessori Method; The Binet Tests for the
Feeble-Minded; The Status of the Teacher; Systematic Study in the
Elementary Schools; The Teaching of Arithmetic.
* * * * *
One excellent program sent by an Ohio club is on a unique plan. There
are seventeen members, and to each was given one current topic, on which
she reported each month. Municipal Affairs, Magazines, Our State,
Literature, Hygienics, Suffrage, Art, Domestic Science, Politics,
Foreign News, Science, Agriculture, Education, Religion and
Philanthropy, the Drama, and Famous Men were those selected. The year's
program was wholly upon social and economic questions: The Dawning of
Economic Consciousness; Economics in Relation to Citizenship; New
Methods in Public Schools; Organized Charities; Cost of Living in
Relation to Criminology; Prison Reform; The Tramp Question; United
States Courts; History of Money; Panics; Municipal Ownership. There were
several papers under each of these heads, and the whole seems most
practical and interesting.
* * * * *
In contrast with this well-constructed program comes one from an
Illinois club which shows a certain confusion. There are committees on
Parliamentary Law, Domestic Science, Dramatic Art, Travel, Music and
Physical Culture. Meetings are held weekly and, among others, these
subjects have been presented: Our Local Pioneers; Mexico; Home
Environment; Mother and Child; The American Colonies; Domestic Science
with Demonstration; American Art; and Travel in Japan. This is by far
too varied a program, and if only one main subject had been taken, say
The American Colonies, members of the club would have found at the end
of the year that they had gained more than they possibly could have from
the casual treatment of so many.
* * * * *
A New York State club offers this unusual Musical Program. (The study
meetings are illustrated by musical numbers, and between such meetings
are others on the latest events in the musical world. A large chorus is
also sustained by the club, which gives concerts at intervals.)
_American Music_. Our Favorites; Folk Songs and Indian Music; Women
Musicians; Nevins and MacDowell; Operas; Ballads.
_Foreign Music_. German and Austrian Music; Great Britain's Music;
Russian Music; Polish and Hungarian Music; Italian Music; French Music;
Comparison of Foreign and American Music.
* * * * *
An Ohio club has an unusually good set of Current Topics, for study in
connection with a year's program on Nature:
Women's Clubs; Inventions; Education; War; Music and Musicians; Famous
Personalities; Our Cabinet; France; Commerce; Agriculture; The Religious
World; Our Foreign Affairs; Germany; Mexico; South America; China;
Canada; Immigration; Philanthropy; Municipal Affairs; Art and Artists;
Panama Exposition; Aviation; Panama Canal; Russia; Turkey and Italy;
Scientific News; British Affairs; Current Literature.
One of these topics is taken up at the close of the study program at
each meeting.
* * * * *
A club in Pennsylvania has this somewhat unusual program:
_The American Government_.
_Colonial Times_. Reading, Colonial Heroes.
_Territory Gained by the Revolution_. Reading, "Paul Revere's Ride."
_The Constitution_. Reading, The Amendments.
_The Louisiana Purchase and the Acquisition of Florida_. Reading, The
Department of Agriculture.
_The Monroe Doctrine_. Reading, The Pan-American Union.
_The Annexation of Texas; the Mexican Cession_. Reading, The Weather
Bureau.
_Settlement of the Oregon Boundary; The Gladsden Purchase_. Reading, The
Post Office Department.
_The Alaska Purchase: Alaska of To-day_. Reading, from Beach's Silver
Horde.
_Hawaii_. Reading, The Smithsonian Institution.
_Porto Rico_. Reading, The Patent Office.
_Cuba_. Reading, The Interstate Commerce Commission.
_The Philippines_. Reading, Our Insular Possessions.
_The Panama Canal_. Reading, The Public Health.
_Expansion_. Reading, The White Man's Burden.
_The Executive Department_. Reading, The State Department.
_The Judicial Department_. Reading, The Civil Service Department.
_The Legislative Department_. Reading, Library of Congress.
_The United States Army_. Reading, The Treasury Department.
_The United States Navy_. Reading, The National Capital.
_Discussion_: Woman Suffrage.
PLEDGE OF TENNESSEE FEDERATION OF WOMEN'S CLUBS
"_WE PLEDGE OURSELVES_ to use our united strength to make better
homes, better schools, better surroundings, better scholarship,
and better lives; to work together for civic health and civic
righteousness; to preserve our heritage--the forests, and the
natural beauties of the land; to procure for our children an
education which fits them for life--the training of the hand and
the heart as well as the head; to protect the children not our
own, who are deprived of the birthright of natural childhood; to
obtain right conditions and proper safeguards for the women who
toil."
CHAPTER XXII
BRIEF ONE DAY PROGRAMS
I--SOCIAL SETTLEMENTS
Their Beginning and Growth; The Story of Toynbee Hall.
The Work for Women; Cooking and Sewing Classes.
The Work for Girls; Dancing Classes.
The Work for Men; Coffee and Reading Rooms; Men's Clubs for Discussion.
The Work for Children; Free Kindergartens; Fresh Air Work.
The Work for Babies; The Creche; Good Milk; Ice.
Playgrounds in Cities.
Jane Addams and Hull House.
These topics will all promote discussion, and it is possible that
personal experiences may be brought out which will be exceedingly
interesting. Plenty of good material for papers will be found in
magazine articles.
II--THE HIGH COST OF LIVING
I. _The Problem Presented_: Papers or talks on
(1) The increase in the price of food-stuffs.
(2) The increase in rents.
(3) Higher wages of servants.
(4) The more complex social life and greater demand for luxuries.
Music.
II. _The Problem Discussed_:
(1) Possible reduction in the expense of food by simple living.
(2) The movement of city people to the country.
(3) Is the elimination of the servant possible?
(4) How far is woman responsible for the state of things, and what
can she do to reduce social expenditure?
III--IRELAND
The beautiful country; the Lakes of Killarney; the northern coast;
pictures. A brief resume of Ireland's history; St. Columba; St.
Patrick. Historic features; cathedrals and churches; the Round Towers.
The Irish poet, Moore. Music: "The Harp That Once Through Tara's Halls;"
"Those Evening Bells;" "The Last Rose of Summer;" "Oft in the Stilly
Night." Brief sketches of some of Ireland's great men--Burke, Sheridan,
O'Connell, Swift, Goldsmith, etc. Music: Moore's "Canadian Boat Song."
IV--ROBERT BURNS
Description and pictures of the village of Ayr; the House Where Burns
Was Born; the Brig o' Doon.
Sketch of Burns's life.
_Songs_: "The Banks and Braes of Bonny Doon;" "My Heart's in the
Highlands;" "Whistle and I'll Come to You, My Lad."
Reading from "Tam o' Shanter."
Reading of four short poems: "Highland Mary"; the "Mountain Daisy";
"Mary Morison," etc.
Reading from "The Cotter's Saturday Night."
_Songs_: "Comin' Through the Rye;" "John Anderson, My Jo, John;" "Auld
Lang Syne."
V--WOMEN AND SOCIAL RELATIONS
Papers and talks on: Our Grandmothers' Ideas of Woman's Place and Our
Own; Woman as a Wage-Earner; The Mother as a Business Woman; Music; The
Conscience of the Woman Purchaser; Would Woman's Social Usefulness Be
Increased by the Ballot? Music.
VI--THE MADONNA IN ART
Paper or talk on the earliest painters; crude representations on walls
and canvas. Botticelli and his pictures; illustrate with photographs.
Raphael; sketch of his life; his pictures; illustrate with well-known
examples, such as the "Sistine Madonna" and the "Madonna of the Chair."
The Madonnas of Murillo; "The Immaculate Conception." The modern
Madonnas; pictures by Gabriel Max and others. The Madonnas of
Burne-Jones and his school. Intersperse with suitable Christmas music.
VII--THE CITY OF LONDON
_Papers_: Its Early History. Remains of Oldest Buildings: Bits of the
Roman Wall, St. Bartholomew's Church, St. Stephen's Hall, The Jerusalem
Chamber, The Tower, with William the Conqueror's Church. Literary
London: The City in Shakespeare; Johnston and the Clubs; Milton and
Addison; Dickens's London. Famous Landmarks: Parliament Buildings,
Westminster Abbey, The Churches, St. Paul's, The Tower, Grey Friars, The
Royal Palaces, The Museums, The Art-Galleries, The Parks.
VIII--BIRDS
_Song_: "Hark, Hark, the Lark!"
_Reading_: From "Our Neighbors, the Birds," by Mabel Osgood Wright.
_Reading or recitation_: Shelley's "To a Sky-Lark."
_Paper_: "The Birds and the Milliner."
_Reading_: From "The Tragedies of the Nests," by John Burroughs.
_Song_: "Spring Hath Waked the Song-Bird," by Mendelssohn.
_Reading_: From "Bird Courtship," by John Burroughs.
_Recitation_: "The Robin Singing in the Rain," by Kate Upson Clark.
_Song_: "Swing, Robin, Swing."
For some of these readings others may be substituted if preferred. Here
are a few suggestions, which can readily be amplified: "Baby Days" and
"The Tricks and Manners of a Cat-Bird," by Olive Thorne Miller; "Bird
Life and Its Romance," by John Lea, and numerous magazine articles which
may be found in an "Index to Periodical Literature," contained in all
public libraries.
Among the many poems appropriate to the occasion are: "O, Swallow,
Swallow, Flying, Flying South," from Tennyson's "Princess" and
Wordsworth's "To a Sky-Lark."
Some lovely songs are: "From Twig to Twig," by Rubinstein; "The Passage
Birds' Farewell," by Mendelssohn, and "The Nightingale," by Schumann.
Liza Lehman has also written some fascinating bird songs, including "The
Wood Pigeon," "The Yellowhammer" and "The Owl."
A really valuable paper on "Bird Music" might be written; material for
this will be found in any good reference library, for it is a subject
which has interested several musicians. A delightful discussion could
easily be arranged by the chairman of the day on "Personal Experiences
with Birds," with brief talks by members on what they have actually
observed in the way of nest building or feeding of young birds, or how
they have tamed some bird.
IX--THE MODERN SCIENCE OF HOUSEHOLD SANITATION AND HYGIENE
Paper on Our Grandmothers' Ways (disregard of what is to-day considered
as essential).
The Sanitary Nursery; carpets or rugs; cribs; ventilation; the
preparation of foods for children; the care of milk; the baby's bottle;
disinfection.
The Sanitary Kitchen; sinks and floor corners; mops and dish-cloths;
refrigerators.
The Butcher and Grocer; pure food.
The Family Table; discussion on new ideas; vegetarianism; the use and
abuse of cereals; how to meet the high cost of living sensibly.
X--THE PHYSICAL SIDE OF THE CHILD
_Paper_: A Child's Right to a Perfect Body.
_Paper_: The Child's Sleep. Arrangements for Perfect Sleep; Hours for
Sleep.
_Discussion_: Shall the Baby Sleep Out of Doors?
_Paper_: The Child's Dress; Healthfulness; Simplicity; the Plague of
Clothes.
_Paper_: The Child's Food. The Education of Mothers on This Line; the
Milk-Supply in Town and Country.
_Discussion_: A Child's Health as Affected by Its Surroundings.
_Paper or Talk_: The City Child and the Country Child.
Should music be made a feature of these meetings, there are settings of
Stevenson's, Eugene Field's and Riley's child verses which would be
especially appropriate.
XI--AN AMERICAN POET AND HIS FRIENDS
_Paper_ on Longfellow's Early Home and Life.
_Talk_: His Married Life; His Children.
_Reading_: The Children's Hour.
_Paper_ on Longfellow as Harvard Professor.
_Readings_ from His American Poems: "Hiawatha," "Evangeline," "Courtship
of Miles Standish."
_Paper_: Foreign Honors; Westminster Abbey.
_His Translations_: Norwegian, "The Saga of King Olaf"; Swedish, "King
Christian"; German, "The Happiest Land"; French, "A Quiet Life";
Spanish, "Coplas de Marigue."
_Talk_: At Mount Auburn.
XII--AN EDUCATIONAL MEETING
Paper or talk on Froebel and the Kindergarten. The Kindergarten in the
Public School. The Sanitation of Our Public Schools. Discipline in the
School. The Relations of Teacher and Parent. Beautifying the
School-Building and Grounds.
The discussion might also be on such topics as Social Life Versus School
Life; The Health of High-School Girls; Athletics and Study, etc.
The topic in the program of "Froebel and His Work" might be taken up by
a trained kindergartner; perhaps the head of a high school might come in
and speak on the Health of the High-School Girl, and some teacher
interested in art might tell what could be done to beautify the
school-building with pictures, plaster casts and growing plants, the
grounds outside with trees and vines. By dividing the subject into
Primary Schools and High Schools, and arranging the topics under each
and adding to them, two programs could easily be made out of this one.
Or, a meeting could be held, following this one, on college life, in its
various aspects; college for girls; athletics; training for life in
college and outside, and the relation of college boys and girls to their
homes.
XIII--A MAGAZINE MEETING
Give to six members the names of four or five good magazines, and ask
one to speak of some of the essays in them; another to take up the
travel articles; a third the poetry; a fourth the popular science, and a
fifth the short stories. Let each give a brief resume of the one which
seems best of all to the speaker, and have a sixth read some of the
lighter and more humorous bits of prose and verse from the various
magazines.
The chairman of the day might also prepare a short discussion by four of
the members, each one speaking for two minutes at the close of the
program on such subjects as "Do We Read Too Many Magazines?" "Do They
Affect Our More Serious Reading?" "The Growth of the Short Story" and
"Which Magazine Seems on the Whole the One Best Worth Taking in a
Family, and Why?"
Some one might also speak on the subject of "What Each Magazine Seems
to Stand For"; one perhaps has most literary quality, one bright
fiction, and so on. A very clever talk might be given also, comparing
the magazines now with those published thirty years and more ago, with
some idea of the writers of that time and the general character of the
articles.
XIV--PROGRAM FOR A THANKSGIVING MEETING
_Business_; reports of secretary and treasurer.
_Paper or talk_ on The First Thanksgiving Day.
_Reading_ from "Old Town Folks," by Harriet Beecher Stowe; Getting Ready
for Thanksgiving.
_Reading or recitation_ from "Miles Standish."
_Paper or talk_ on The New England Meeting-House.
_Personal reminiscences_ of childhood Thanksgiving Days.
_Recitation_ from Whittier's "Thanksgiving Day."
If possible hang up a large picture of the "Return of the _Mayflower_,"
or other appropriate picture in the room.
XV--AN AFTERNOON WITH OUR SOUTHERN WRITERS
Thomas Nelson Page: Readings from "The Old South," Chapter I; "An Old
Virginia Sunday;" "The Old Gentleman of the Black Stock," Chapter V.
James Lane Allen: Readings from "A Home of the Silent Brotherhood," "Two
Gentlemen of Kentucky."
Richard Malcolm Johnston: Readings from "Dukesborough Tales."
The Poet of the South, Sidney Lanier: Selections from his biography, by
his wife. Short poems: "Life and Song," "The Stirrup Cup," "A Song of
the Future," "A Ballad of the Trees and the Master."
George W. Cable: Reading from "'Sieur George."
Ruth McEnery Stuart: Readings from "Sonny," "The Second Wooing of Salina
Sue," "Thanksgiving on Crawfish Bayou."
The program may be interspersed by plantation songs: "Old Black Joe,"
"The Suwanee River," "My Old Kentucky Home," "Camptown Races" and
others.
XVI--THE CHILD IN THE HOME
I. _Music_: Ballad.
II. _Talk or paper_: The child's right to a welcome.
III. _Discussion_ by three members:
(1) Squabbling and how to deal with it.
(2) Unselfishness.
(3) Equal rights for boys and girls.
IV. _Music_: Child songs.
V. _Paper_: The family evenings: Parents and children.
VI. _Discussion_:
(1) Reading aloud.
(2) Games and music.
VII. _Paper_: Parents as friends.
VIII. _Talk_, followed by general experiences.
XVII--MOTHER AND DAUGHTER
Commencement and Afterward.
The Relation of Parents to the Grown Daughter.
The Training for Housekeeping.
Friends and Entertaining.
Preparations for a Life-Work Away from Home.
The Married Daughter.
The Unmarried Middle-Aged Daughter.
A general discussion.
XVIII--CHRISTMAS PROGRAM
_Song_: "Noel," by Gounod.
_Reading_ from Dickens: the story of Scrooge's Christmas.
_Paper or talk_ on Curious Christmas Customs (in England, Germany,
Sweden, etc.).
_Song_: "When from the East the Wise Men Came," by Bullard.
_Reading_ from "Sonny," by Ruth McEnery Stuart.
_Reading_ from Howells's "Christmas Every Day."
_Song_: "The Virgin's Lullaby," by Dudley Buck.
_Reading_: "George Washington Jones, A Christmas Gift That Went
a-Begging," by Ruth McEnery Stuart.
_Song_: "Over the Hills of Bethlehem," by Neidlinger.
Interest will be added to this meeting, of course, by decorating the
club rooms with Christmas greens and lighting with candles.
XIX--PROGRAM FOR A COLONIAL MEETING
Home Life in Virginia (paper or talk). Reading from "The Virginians," by
Thackeray.
The Love Story of Washington.
Mt. Vernon; Martha Washington's Housekeeping. (Illustrated with pictures
of Mt. Vernon.)
The First Inaugural Ball.
Lafayette's Return to America.
Brief items of interest given by members, of family traditions of these
and other events.
Close with two patriotic songs: "The Star-Spangled Banner," "Columbia,
the Gem of the Ocean" or "America."
XX--KING ARTHUR AND THE ROUND TABLE
Paper or talk on The Origin of the Arthurian Legend.
Brief outline of the story of the Round Table.
Reading from Lowell's "Vision of Sir Launfal."
Reading from Sir Thomas Malory's "Morte d'Arthur."
The story of Glastonbury and Avalon; description of the abbey.
The legend of the Holy Thorn.
Readings from Howard Pyle's "Story of King Arthur and His Knights."
Reading from the "Idylls of the King;" "The Passing of Arthur."
The chairman in charge of the meeting may procure from her
picture-dealer or from the nearest large city inexpensive prints of the
Abbey paintings of the Holy Grail in the Boston Public Library, and
these, mounted on large sheets of white paper, may be hung about the
room.
CHAPTER XXIII
HOW TO MAKE A YEAR BOOK
Many clubs find it difficult to make year books which shall be clear and
comprehensive, and yet cover briefly the entire field they have
selected. This is a simple plan:
After the club has agreed on a subject the committee appointed to draw
up the year book should meet, bringing with them all available helps,
books, maps, magazine articles and cuttings from papers.
With these before them, the committee must lay out in general the main
topics for the club to study, dividing it into as many parts as there
will be meetings during the year. (In some instances, as where a
historical subject is chosen, the Table of Contents in some book of
reference will be found helpful.)
Under each of the main divisions of the whole four or five subdivisions
should then be made out, corresponding to the number of papers desired
on a given day.
Last of all, either at the close of the work planned for each meeting,
or at the end of the book, there should be given a list of reference
books.
As an example of a year book, one is given here on the history of
England, which will be found worked out in detail in Chapter XII of this
book.
ENGLAND
I
THE COUNTRY AND ITS RACES
Papers,--
1. Geological and Prehistoric Britain; Relics of the Stone Age.
2. Physical Character of the Country, Scenery, Climate, Products.
3. The Druids and Their Remains; Stonehenge, etc.
4 The Celts; Divisions of the Race, folk lore, etc.
5. The Arthurian Legends.
Suggested Readings,--
Tennyson's "Idylls of the King."
Sir Thomas Malory.
II
THE ROMAN CONQUEST AND EARLY KINGDOMS
Papers,--
1. Julius Caesar.
Invasion of England.
Roman remains in England.
Roman Roads as they are to-day.
Boadicea.
2. Early Saxon Kings.
Augustine's Conversion of Kent.
Columba at Iona.
Aidan at Holy Island.
Caedmon at Whitby.
Venerable Bede.
3. Alfred and the Danes.
Legends.
Dunstan.
The Danelaw.
Alfred's Reforms.
4. The Last Saxon Kings.
Edward the Confessor.
Harold.
Founding of Westminster Abbey.
(Have a paper on the Abbey if you wish.)
Suggested Readings,--
Death of Columba from Bede's Ecclesiastical History. (Bohn Library.)
Tacitus' "Agricola."
Bulwer's "Harold."
III
THE NORMANS AND ANGEVINS
Papers,--
1. The Normans and the Conquest.
Normans on the Continent.
Domesday Book.
Bayeux Tapestry.
2. The Feudal System.
(See "Ivanhoe," opening chapter.)
Castles, Chivalry, Cathedrals, Cruelties.
3. The Struggle with the Papacy.
Anselm.
Thomas a Becket.
4. England and the Crusades.
5. The Great Charter.
Suggested Readings,--
Chas. Kingsley's "Hereward the Wake."
Scott's "Talisman."
Maurice Hewlett's "Richard Yea and Nay."
Read the story of the murder of Thomas a Becket from Dean
Stanley's "Memorials of Canterbury." Have some one who has seen
the Domesday Book and the Magna Charta describe them.
IV
HENRY III AND THE FIRST TWO EDWARDS
Papers,--
1. The Universities and the Friars.
Roger Bacon.
2. The Guilds and Fairs.
3. The Jews in England.
Arrival, Special Laws, Famous Jews in English history.
4. The English Parliament.
Places where it has met.
Compare with our form of government.
Describe present buildings.
5. Wallace and Bruce.
Suggested Readings,--
Marlowe's "Edward II."
Jusserand's "Way-faring Life in the Middle Ages."
Jessopp's "Coming of the Friars."
Jane Porter's "Scottish Chiefs."
V
EDWARD III
Papers,--
1. Edward and Scotland.
Death of Bruce, Balliol.
2. Edward and France.
Crecy, Calais, Poitiers.
3. The Black Prince.
The Black Death.
4. Wiclif.
Story of the English Bible. Lollardy.
5. Chancer.
Mediaeval Romances.
The Troubadours.
Suggested Readings,--
Froissart's Chronicle.
Chaucer's "Canterbury Tales."
VI
RICHARD II AND RICHARD III
Papers,--
1. The Peasants' Revolt.
Langland's "Piers Plowman."
2. Henry IV and Henry V.
Their characters, their Queens.
Agincourt.
3. Henry VI
The Wars of the Roses.
4. Joan of Arc.
5. Edward IV and Richard III.
"Warwick, the Kingmaker."
The Princes in the Tower.
Caxton.
Suggested Readings,--
Shakespeare's "Henry IV," "Henry V," "Henry VI," "Richard III."
Stevenson's "Black Arrow."
Rossetti's "The King's Tragedy."
De Quincey's "Joan of Arc."
VII
THE TUDORS
Papers,--
1. Henry VII.
Perkin Warbeck.
Sebastian Cabot.
Dean Colet.
Erasmus.
2. Henry VIII.
His Wives, Field of Cloth of Gold.
Quarrel with the Pope, More's "Utopia."
Tyndal's New Testament.
3. Edward VI.
Book of Common Prayer.
Boys' Schools in England.
4. Mary.
Philip of Spain.
Archbishop Cranmer.
Suggested Readings,--
More's "Utopia."
Shakespeare's "Henry VIII."
Scott's "Marmion."
Tennyson's "Queen Mary."
VIII
ELIZABETH, THE GREATEST TUDOR
Papers,--
1. Lady Jane Grey, and Mary, Queen of Scots.
2. Foreign Relations.
The Armada, Holland.
3. The Stage.
Shakespeare, Marlowe, Ben Jonson.
4. Literature.
Lyly, Spenser, Bacon.
5. The Adventurers.
Raleigh, Drake, Frobisher, Sir Philip Sidney.
Suggested Readings,--
Chas. Kingsley's "Westward Ho!"
Scott's "Kenilworth."
Sidney's "Defense of Poesie."
Spenser's "Faerie Queene."
Bacon's Essays.
IX
JAMES I AND CHARLES I
Papers,--
1. James I, The Man.
Birth, character, pedantry. The King James Version of the Bible.
2. The Gunpowder Plot.
3. England and the New World.
Landing of the Pilgrims.
Raleigh's Expeditions, etc.
4. Charles I.
Divine Right of Kings and Parliament.
Lane, Hampden, Pym.
5. Milton.
Suggested Readings,--
Scott's "Fortunes of Nigel."
Milton's "L'Allegro."
Hobbes' "Leviathan."
Longfellow's "Miles Standish."
X
THE COMMONWEALTH
Papers,--
1. Oliver Cromwell and Puritanism.
2. Ireland and Its Problems.
Home Rule.
3. Blake and the English Navy.
4. The Women of the Civil War.
(See Traill's "Social England," Vol. IV, p. 315.)
Suggested Readings,--
Carlyle's "Cromwell."
Evelyn's Diary.
Shorthouse's "John Inglesant."
Browning's "Strafford."
XI
THE RESTORATION
Papers,--
1. Charles II.
Character, Continental Experiences.
General Monk, The Triple Alliance.
The Plague and the Fire.
2. Science.
Newton.
The Royal Society.
3. Literature and the Stage.
Milton's Epic.
Dryden.
Bunyan.
The Dramatists.
4. James II.
The Bloody Circuit.
Siege of Londonderry.
Coming of William of Orange.
The Battle of the Boyne.
Suggested Readings,--
Bunyan's "Pilgrim's Progress."
Pepys' Diary.
Evelyn's Diary.
Dryden's "Annus Mirabilis."
Defoe's "History of the Great Plague."
Scott's "Peveril of the Peak."
Blackmore's "Lorna Doone."
Conan Doyle's "Micah Clarke."
XII
THE REVOLUTION, AND EVENTS TO GEORGE III
Papers,--
1. William and Mary.
Bill of Rights.
Bank of England.
2. Anne.
Marlborough.
Politics in England.
Union of Scotland, Ireland and Wales with England.
The young Pretender.
The Pamphleteers.
3. George I and George II.
Sir Robert Walpole.
Jacobin plots.
South Sea Company.
Methodists.
Clive in India.
French and English in America.
4. Literature.
Addison and Steele.
Swift.
Defoe.
Johnson.
Suggested Readings,--
Thackeray's "Henry Esmond."
Scott's "Waverley."
Southey's "Battle of Blenheim."
Addison's "Sir Roger de Coverley."
Defoe's "Robinson Crusoe."
Johnson's "Rasselas."
XIII
GEORGE III
Papers,--
1. The Industrial Revolution.
Wedgewood, Hargreaves, Watt.
Arkwright.
Adam Smith's "Wealth of Nations."
2. The American Revolution.
The Parliamentary Leaders.
3. The French Revolution.
Burke's "Reflections."
The War in Spain.
Wellington and Waterloo.
Nelson (Lady Hamilton).
4. England and the Slave Trade.
William Wilberforce.
5. Art of the Period.
Painting.
Gainsborough.
Reynolds.
Romney.
Furniture.
Hepplewhite.
Chippendale.
Sheraton.
The Adams brothers.
Suggested Readings,--
Hugo's "Les Miserables" (Battle of Waterloo).
Dickens' "A Tale of Two Cities."
Campbell's "Ye Mariners of England."
Wolfe's "Burial of Sir John More."
The Junius Letters.
Macaulay's "Warren Hastings."
Wilkes' "North Briton, No. 45."
Thackeray's "Four Georges."
XIV
THE VICTORIAN AGE (A)
Papers,--
1. Victoria, The Woman and the Queen.
Personality, husband, children, homes.
2. Victoria's Prime Ministers and their Policies.
Palmerston, Gladstone, Disraeli.
The Period of Reform.
Free Trade.
3. Victorian Wars.
Opium War in China.
Afghanistan.
Crimea.
Sepoy Mutiny.
Khartoum and Chinese Gordon.
Boer War.
4. The British Empire.
Australia.
New Zealand (Democracy).
South Africa.
Canada.
Suggested Readings,--
Victoria's "Leaves from the Journal of Our Life in the Highlands."
Disraeli's "Lothair" and "Coningsby."
Morley's "Life of Gladstone."
Tennyson's "Charge of the Light Brigade."
Kipling's "Barrack Room Ballads."
XV
THE VICTORIAN AGE (B)
Papers,--
1. The Growth of Democracy.
2. Industry and Invention.
3. Science.
Tyndall, Huxley, Darwin, Spencer.
4. Literature.
Poets, Novelists, Essayists, Historians, Dramatists.
5. Art.
Painting, Sculpture, Architecture.
Decorative Art (William Morris).
Suggested Readings,--
Lecky's "Democracy."
Huxley's "Lay Sermons."
Darwin's "Origin of Species."
Add Selections from the Victorian poets and novelists.
XVI
THE ENGLAND OF TO-DAY
Papers,--
1. Edward VII and George V.
As men, monarchs; their Queens.
2. Lloyd-George and Asquith.
Welsh Disestablishment.
Education Bill.
The Ulster Question.
3. Woman Suffrage in England.
Both Points of View.
English laws regarding women.
4. The European War of 1914.
Modern war weapons and devices.
5. Novelists, poets and playwrights of to-day in England. (See English
literature.)
General References.
Encyclopaedia Britannica and its year books, and bibliographies.
For literature, Halleck's "English literature" (American Book
Co.).
For History, "A Short History of England," by E. P. Cheyney (Ginn
& Co.).
For books not in your town library, write the State Librarian at
your State Capital.
CHAPTER XXIV
A MODEL CONSTITUTION
The following outline of a Constitution is given, to be followed by
clubs according to their need.
CONSTITUTION
ARTICLE I
Name
This Club shall be called The Woman's Club.
ARTICLE II
Objects
The objects of this Club shall be to study history, sociology,
civics, art, music and any other subjects chosen, to improve our
locality and to promote sociability among the members.
ARTICLE III
Membership
Section 1. The membership shall consist of not more than fifty
women.
Section 2. Names of candidates for membership, having been
nominated and seconded at a regular meeting, shall be submitted to
the Membership Committee and, upon a favorable report, shall be
elected, upon receiving a majority of the votes of the members
present.
Section 3. Any member who has been absent from three consecutive
meetings without excuse, may be dropped from the roll by a vote of
the majority present at a regular meeting.
Section 4. The dues shall be one dollar a year payable in advance
at the first regular meeting in the autumn. Any member having dues
unpaid for six months may be dropped from the roll by a vote of
the majority present at a regular meeting.
ARTICLE IV
Meetings
Section 1. The Club shall meet regularly on the second Tuesday
afternoon of each month from September to June inclusive at places
designated by the Place Committee.
Section 2. The May meeting shall be the Annual Meeting for hearing
reports from all officers and Standing Committees and for electing
the same.
Section 3. Any regular meeting may be postponed by the President
with the concurrence of the Vice President and Secretary.
Section 4. Special meetings may be called at any time by the
President with the concurrence of the Vice President and
Secretary.
ARTICLE V
Officers
Section 1. The officers shall be a President, Vice President,
Secretary and Treasurer, their duties being such as are customary
for such officers.
Section 2. The officers shall be elected by ballot at the May
meeting each year. They shall hold office until their successors
are elected.
ARTICLE VI
Committees
Section 1. The Standing Committees of five each shall be elected
annually by ballot at the May meeting; they shall be as follows:
Membership, Program, Place and Hospitality.
Section 2. The Membership Committee shall consider all names
nominated for membership and report to the Club.
Section 3. The Program Committee shall have charge of the
arrangement of the program of each regular meeting and also of a
year book to be issued to the members at the June meeting.
Section 4. The Place Committee shall arrange the location of the
meetings of the Club and make announcement at least one meeting in
advance.
Section 5. The Hospitality Committee shall attend to the social
life of the Club.
Section 6. A Nominating Committee shall be appointed by the
President at the April meeting to report nominations of officers
and committees at the May meeting.
ARTICLE VII
Order of Business
The order of business at the regular meetings shall be: Call to
Order, Secretary's Report, Reports of Committees, Business,
Program.
ARTICLE VIII
Amendments
The Constitution may be amended at any meeting of the Club, by a
two-thirds vote of the members present, notice of amendments
proposed having been given at the preceding meeting of the Club.
CHAPTER XXV
RULES OF ORDER FOR CLUBS
An important element in club life is the training it gives in the
management of business in committees and public meetings. It is
indispensable that every club should learn how to work under regular
rules. Jefferson said that they secure "accuracy in business, economy in
time, order, uniformity and impartiality."
I--BOOK OF RULES
As a guide, every club should possess a copy of some accepted book of
order, to which to refer in cases of difference of opinion as to proper
procedure, and the law of the book should be received as final. Officers
and members should familiarize themselves thoroughly with the details of
such a manual. "Parliamentary Usage for Woman's Clubs" by Emma A. Fox
(Doubleday, Page) is satisfactory and up to date.
II--ORGANIZING
A small preliminary difficulty to some is how to organize an as yet
unorganized club. The first step is for any one present to rise and
nominate some body for temporary chairman, and when this is seconded, to
ask those in favor of the person named to say "aye" and the opposed "no"
and to turn over the meeting then to the person named. As it is only a
temporary office there is not likely to be any negative vote.
III--VOTING
Persons unfamiliar with club methods sometimes are puzzled as to ways of
voting. There are several. The simplest is for the President to put a
motion by saying "Will those in favor of the motion say aye," and later,
"Will those opposed say no." Then she judges which of the two classes is
most numerous. If she cannot decide, she may ask to have the vote
repeated by raising the hand or by rising, in which case she puts the
motion as before, asking those who favor the motion to raise the right
hand or to rise. After having the Secretary or tellers count them, she
asks those opposed to do the same and has them counted. In case the
vote is taken by voice and a member differs from the President's
decision as to which side prevailed, she may request a rising vote. In
case of every vote the President should declare the result by saying
either "the motion is carried," or "the motion is lost." The President
herself does not vote, except when the number of the ayes and that of
the noes are even, when she casts the deciding vote. If the vote is by
ballot, tellers are appointed who distribute slips of paper upon which
the members write yes or no, and the ballots are counted by the
Secretary or the tellers, and the result is handed in writing to the
President who reads it aloud and declares the result. In voting for new
members some clubs use a box with white balls for the affirmative and
black balls for the negative. After being placed in the box, these are
counted by the Secretary and the result is declared by the President as
before.
IV--THE PRESIDENT
At every meeting the President shall have before her a written outline
of the business to be considered.
It should be understood that the function of the presiding officer is
simply to keep the meeting going in an orderly way. She cannot make
motions, and ought not to make remarks on any motion. If she desires to
do so, she should call upon some one else to preside temporarily.
V--MOTIONS
The only proper way to carry on business is to "have a motion before the
house." No subject can be discussed unless two persons agree to bring it
up, one making the motion and the other seconding it. After that the
President calls for remarks and "gives the floor" to one person, calling
her name. While she "has the floor" she is the only person entitled to
speak. Interruptions, remarks or questions are out of order, unless with
the speaker's permission, which should be asked for only through the
President. Much disorder is caused by two or more persons trying to
speak at the same time, and it is the duty of the President to prevent
this by rapping with her gavel (if this should be necessary) and saying
"Will the club please come to order."
VI--SPEAKING
It is considered bad form for any one person to speak twice on the same
motion. It is supposed that when the speaker has the floor she will say
what she has to say and then give way to others. But if a member wishes
to speak a second time on a subject, because some new phase of it may
have come up in remarks made after her first speaking, she should ask
the President if she may be allowed to speak again, and, if no one
objects, it is proper for her to do so. The value of such rules is that
they prevent the discussion from becoming a mere general conversation.
Also they train speakers to get their ideas well in hand before speaking
and to be brief.
VII--CLOSING DEBATE
Sometimes a discussion threatens to run on interminably, and in that
case there are ways by which the club can limit it. This may be done by
setting an hour at which the debate shall close and the motion be put.
When that time arrives the person speaking must be interrupted by the
President and the vote taken. In such cases it is sometimes voted that
each speaker shall be limited say to five minutes, and when the five
minutes are up the President must interrupt the speaker and give the
floor to the next one.
Or debate may be ended by somebody moving "the previous question," and
if this is seconded, the President, without permitting any discussion
whatever, must put it to vote, and if two-thirds favor "the previous
question" that means that the original motion must now be put without
any further remarks.
Still another way of ending a debate is to move to lay the motion under
discussion "on the table." If this is seconded, it must be put by the
President without allowing any discussion. If the majority vote to lay
the matter on the table, that means that consideration of it is
postponed to some future meeting. If no one at a later meeting moves to
have it taken from the table, it remains there indefinitely, which means
that it is practically dead.
Still another way to end a debate is to move to adjourn. This is always
in order and takes precedence of every other motion, and, if carried,
ends the session. The business left unfinished must be taken up at the
next meeting.
The President should familiarize herself thoroughly with the rules of
order and be able to decide on the moment which motions take precedence
of others.
VIII--APPEALS
A President may take a position sometimes, in controlling the meeting,
which seems unwise or unfair to some. In that case it is always in order
for one of those differing with her to say "I move an appeal to the
club," and if another says "I second the appeal," the President is bound
to put the motion saying "Those in favor of the appeal will say aye";
and then "Those opposed will say no," and if "the ayes have it" the
President's decision is reversed and she must abide by the action of the
club without remark.
IX--COMMITTEES
In organizations that have much business to transact, it is customary to
turn over many of its details to committees, regular or special. It is
their duty to confer on these matters, to ask the opinions of other
members privately if they are so inclined and having digested the
business in point thoroughly to present a definite report upon it at a
meeting of the club. If the committee has the full confidence of the
club, its report is likely to be accepted without any, or at least much,
debate and so time is saved in the club meetings.
In meetings of committees the Chairman occupies the same position as the
President in the larger club meetings and the committee business may be
carried on in the same orderly manner. However, most committee meetings
are likely to be more like a conference or informal conversation and
strict rules of order are often a hindrance rather than a help under
such circumstances. But, in any case, when the members of the committee
have discussed the subject as fully as they wish, the result should be
carried out by a formal motion, seconded and carried by vote. To save
controversy it is best to have this final motion put into writing. It
then becomes the report of the committee to the club.
X--ELECTIONS
In an election of officers and committees it is usual to have a
Nominating Committee bring in a complete "slate" or list of
nominations. To save time, frequently some one moves that "the Secretary
cast a ballot for the persons named." If this is seconded and
unanimously carried, the Secretary takes the "slate" just read, and
laying it on the table says "I hereby cast a ballot for the persons
nominated." But if one person dissents from this motion, ballots must be
passed and the vote taken with them.
The nominations made by a Nominating Committee, it should be understood
always, do not exclude any member of the club (when seconded, of course)
from making other nominations if she wishes, and opportunity should be
given to do so. In case two or more nominations are made for any office,
voting must be by ballot.
XI--EXECUTIVE SESSION
Sometimes a matter may come up to which it is not wise to give
publicity. In that case by motion the club may "go into executive
session," which means that all persons not members of the club should
retire from the room (unless exceptions are made by special vote) and
then the club business is carried on in secret. It is supposed to be a
point of honor that no member of the club should give out information
concerning anything said or done in executive session.
To persons unused to orderly business in assemblies, such rules as have
been described may seem at first to be unnecessary and an annoying
limitation on freedom of speech. But really they are not so. They tend
to prevent excited controversy, secure justice to everybody in the end,
and assist in getting the business of a club done.
THE END
INDEX
Africa, Islands of, 43
America
Central, 104
Costa Rica, 107
Guatemala, 106
Honduras, 107
Nicaragua, 107
Salvador, 107
Latin, 116
North
Books, Famous, 94
Colonies, 14
Government, 244
Nature Writers, 102
Songs, 72
South, 109
Argentina, 111
Bolivia, 113
Brazil, 115
Chili, 114
Colombia, 114
Ecuador, 113
Peru, 112
Venezuela, 114
Amundsen, 168
Andersen, Hans Christian, 220
Anne, Queen
Age of, 187
Literature, 191
Marlboroughs, The, 188
Novel, Rise of the English, 192
Queen, The, and Her Court, 188
Wars under, 189
Appeals in Club Meetings, 291
Architecture
British, 87
Buildings, Famous, 76
Egyptian, 177
German, 81
Greek, 78
Michelangelo, 218
Moorish, 83
Notre Dame, 86
Roman, 79
Russian, 85
Saint Sophia, 82
Taj Mahal, 89
Wren, 212
Argentina, 111
Arnold, Thomas, 222
Art, Madonna in, 250
Arthur and the Round Table, 261
Artists, 224
Audubon, 221
Authors, see _Writers_
Azores, 51
Bermuda, 51
Birds, 251
Bolivia, 113
Books
Famous, 91
French, German, Russian, Spanish, 91
English and American, 94
Booth, William, 161
Borneo, 46
Brahms, 221
Brazil, 115
Bronte, Charlotte, 220
Browning, Elizabeth Barrett, 218
Robert, 221
Burns, 249
Canal, Panama, 108
Carolina, North and South, Colonies, 18
Celtic England, 131, 264
Central America, 104
Children
Home, in the, 259
Labor of, 90, 151
Mother and Daughter, 259
Physical Side of, 263
Chili, 114
Christmas, 214, 260
Clothing, 60
Colleges
North American Colonies, in, 196
Postgraduate Work, 208
Universities, and, 206
Women's, 207
Colombia, 114
Colonies
Colleges in, 196
Colonial Meeting, 261
North American, 14
Committees, Club, 291
Community Improvement, 6
Country, in the, 124
Subjects to Investigate, 7
Composers, see _Musicians_
Conservation, 239
Constitution, Model, for Clubs, 280
Cooking, 57
Costa Rica, 107
Cromwell, 134, 272
Dante, 221
Debate in Clubs, Closing, 289
Delaware, Colony, 24
Dickens, 216
Divorce and Marriage, 95
Domestic Science, 54, 226, 230
Drama, Writers of
Browning, 221
Goldsmith, 213
Moliere, 215
Schiller, 213
Sheridan, 212
Druid England, 131, 264
Economy
False, 63
Waste and, 61
Ecuador, 113
Edison, 164
Education
Colleges
Colonial, 106
Postgraduate Work, 208
Universities and, 206
Women's, 207
Meeting on, 255
Schools
High, 202
Kindergartens, 198
Public, 200
Country, in the, 126
Private, 204
Special, 203
System, Our, 195
England
Architecture, 87
Books, Famous, 94
History, 131
Cromwell, 134, 272
Druids, Celts, Romans, Saxons, 131, 265
Georges, 136, 275
Norman and Plantagenet, 132, 266
Present, 137, 278
Stuarts, 134, 271, 272
Tudors, 133, 210, 269
Victoria, 136, 276, 277
Islands of, 42
London, 250
Songs of, 70
Year Book on, 264
Commonwealth, 272
Country and Races, 264
Edward III, 268
Elizabeth, 270
George III, 275
Henry III and Two Edwards, 267
James I and Charles I, 271
Normans and Angevins, 266
Restoration, The, 272
Revolution, The, 273
Richard II and III, 268
Roman and Early, 265
To-day, 278
Tudors, 269
Victoria, 276, 277
Egypt, Architecture, 77
Elections, Club, Rules for, 292
Eliot, George, 213
Elizabeth, Queen, 134, 211, 270
Executive Session, in Clubs, 293
Fiction, see _Novel_
Field, Eugene, 210
Food, Economy in, 56
France
Books, Famous of, 91
Songs of, 70
Franz, Songs of, 68
Georges, The Four, 136, 273, 275
Georgia, Colony, 19
Germany
Architecture, 81
Books, Famous, 91
Songs, 67
Goethals, 170
Goldsmith, 213
Gounod, 222
Great Men of Our Time, 158
Amundsen, 168
Booth, William, 161
Edison, 164
Goethals, 170
James, William, 160
Kelvin, 167
Morgan, J. Pierpont, 165
Peary, 168
Rodin, 158
Rostand, 159
Toynbee, 162
and Women
Andersen, Hans Christian, 220
Arnold, Thomas, 222
Audubon, 221
Brahms, 221
Bronte, Charlotte, 220
Browning, Elizabeth Barrett, 218
Robert, 221
Dante, 221
Dvorak, 210
Eliot, George, 213
Elizabeth, Queen, 210
Field, Eugene, 210
Goldsmith, 213
Gounod, 222
Hale, Nathan, 222
Hardy, Thomas, 222
Howells, 218
Joan of Arc, 215
Lamb, 216
Lafayette, 210
Luther, 213
Mendelssohn, 216
Michelangelo, 218
Moliere, 215
Mozart, 215
Murillo, 220
Schiller, 213
Schumann, 222
Sevigne, 216
Sheridan, 212
Tennyson, 215
Verdi, 212
Wordsworth, 220
Greece
Architecture, 78
Islands, 39
Grieg, Songs of, 68
Guatemala, 106
Hale, Nathan, 222
Hardy, Thomas, 222
Hebrew
Bible, 172
Heroes, 176
Nation, Making the, 174
Philosophy, 182
Poetry, 179
Prophecy, 181
Heroes, Bible, 176
Home
Purposes of, 63
Woman's Work for Pay in, 149
Honduras, 107
Horse, The, 229
Housekeeping
Business of, 54
High Cost of Living, 248
Sanitation and Hygiene, 253
Systematic, 55
Ireland, 248
Islands
African, 43
Azores, 51
Bermuda, 51
Borneo, 46
English, 42
Grecian, 39
Japanese, 49
Java, 46
Mediterranean, 41
New Zealand, 48
Oceanica, 45
Program on the World's, 39
Scotland, 42
Sumatra, 46
Tasmania, 48
West Indies, 39
Italy
Program on, 233
Songs, 70
James, William, 160
Japanese Islands, 49
Java, 46
Jewish, see _Hebrew_
Joan of Arc, 215
Kelvin, 167
Kindergartens, 198
Lafayette, 210
Lamb, 216
Laundry, The, 58
Literature, see _Books_, _Novel_, _Poetry_, _Writers_
Anne, under Queen, 191
Bible, 172
Beginnings, 172
Divided Kingdom and Exile, 178
Heroes, 173
Nation, Making a, 174
New Testament, 183
Philosophy, 182
Poetry, 179
Prophecy, 181
Related Subjects, 185
Undivided Kingdom, 177
Living, High Cost of, 248
London, 250
Longfellow, 254
Louisiana, 236
Luther, 213
Madonna in Art, 250
Magazine Meeting, A, 256
Marlboroughs, The, 188
Marriage and Divorce, 95
Maryland, Colony, 17
Mediterranean Islands, 41
Mendelssohn, 216
Michelangelo, 218
Mills, Women Workers in, 150
Moliere, 215
Moorish Architecture, 83
Morgan, J. Pierpont, 165
Mother and Daughter, 259
Motions in Clubs, Rules for, 288
Mozart, 215
Murillo, 220
Musicians
Brahms, 221
Dvorak, 210
Gounod, 222
Grieg, 68
Mendelssohn, 216
Mozart, 215
Schumann, 222
Verdi, 212
Nature Writers, 102
New Amsterdam, Colony, 22
New England Colonies, 20
New Jersey, Colony, 24
New Testament, 183
New Zealand, 48
Nicaragua, 107
Norman England, 132, 266
Notre Dame, 86
Novel, Beginnings of English, 192
Ocean, The, 231
Oceanica, 45
Order, Rules of, for Clubs, 285
Organizing Clubs, 286
Panama and the Canal, 108
Peary, 168
Pennsylvania, Colony, 26
Peru, 112
Philosophy, Hebrew, 182
Poetry
Celtic, 37
Classical and Romantic Themes, with, 31
Dialect and Humorous, 36
Dramatic, 29
Little Plays, 38
Hebrew, 179
Lyrics, 34
Nature, 34
Philosophical and Mystical, 33
Protest, of, 32
Poets, see _Writers_
To-day, Some, of, 27
Poverty, The Sick Poor, 147
President of a Club, Duties, 287
Prophecy, Hebrew, 181
Programs from Clubs, 224
Public Schools, 200
Country, in the, 126
Rodin, 158
Rome
Architecture, 79
Roman England, 131, 265
Rostand, 159
Rules of Order for Clubs, 285
Rural
Clubs, 118
Club Talks by Experts, 127
Community Work, 124
Public School, 126
Starting Rural Clubs, 119
Saint Sophia, Mosque of, 82
Salvador, 107
Sanitation, Household, 253
Schiller, 213
Schumann, 222
Scotland, Islands of, 42
Schools, see _Education_
Country, 126
High, 202
Kindergartens, 198
Private, 204
Public, 200
Special, 203
Service, Domestic, 59
Settlements
Social, 247
Toynbee, 162
Sevigne, Madame de, 216
Sheridan, 212
Slavic Songs, 69
Social Service, 10
Settlements, 247
Songs, Study of, 66
American, 72
English, 70
Franz, 68
French, 70
German, 67
Grieg, 68
Italian, 70
Old, 74
Slavic, 69
Southern Writers, 258
Spain, 239
Books of, 91
Speaking in Clubs, Rules, 289
State and Woman, 156
Stuart England, 134, 271
Sumatra, 46
Taj Mahal, 89
Tasmania, 48
Tennyson, 215
Thanksgiving Meeting, 257
Toynbee, 162
Tudor England, 133, 269
Universities and Colleges, 206
Postgraduate Work, 208
Venezuela, 114
Victoria, Queen, 136, 276, 277
Virginia, Colony, 15
Voting in Clubs, 286
Wars under Queen Anne, 189
West Indies, 50
Woman
Business, The, 155
Colleges for, 207
Great Women, 210
Home, Work for Pay at, 149
Mill Workers, 150
Problems
History of Her, 139
Work, of Her, 139, 145
To-day, 145
Professional, The, 156
Shop Girls, 153
Sick Poor, 147
Social Relations, 250
State, and the, 156
Wordsworth, 220
Work, see _Woman_, _Children_
Wren, 212
Writers, see _Books_, _Literature_, _Novel_, _Poetry_, _Poets_,
_Southern_
Andersen, Hans Christian, 220
Audubon, 221
Bronte, Charlotte, 220
Browning, Elizabeth Barrett, 218
Robert, 221
Burns, 249
Dante, 221
Dickens, 216
Eliot, George, 213
Field, Eugene, 210
Goldsmith, 213
Hardy, Thomas, 222
Howells, 218
Lamb, 216
Longfellow, 254
Moliere, 216
Schiller, 213
Sevigne, Madame de, 216
Sheridan, 212
Tennyson, 215
Wordsworth, 220
Year Book, How to Make a, 263