and expulsion of Gachupines, 39;
early republican difficulties, 39;
crisis (1837), 48;
under Santa Anna's dictatorship, 52;
Herrera's predicament, 55;
war preparations, 213-4, 223, 488;
Santa Anna's preparations at San Luis Potosí, 377;
forced loans, 410, 431, =2.= 254, 477;
general war-time character, 6, 327;
problems, 7;
demands on Church, law of Jan. 11, opposition, 8-11, 329;
Beach's intrigue and clerical revolt, 11-4, 330-2;
Santa Anna and Church property, 15, 329;
effect of war on normal income, 253;
taxation projects, 253;
state donations, 254;
clerical donations, 254, 477;
loans, 254, 477;
seizures and requisitions, 255;
state of treasury (1846), 328.
First Artillery, at Cerro Gordo, =2.= 52, 54, 352;
in Scott's army, 77;
at Churubusco, 114, 382;
at siege of Vera Cruz, 343;
garrison at Jalapa, 361;
at Belén garita, 413;
in Taylor's later force, 417.
First Cavalry, Mexican, at Monterey, =1.= 494.
First Dragoons, in Kearny's expedition, =1.= 286, 288, 515;
leave for California, 297;
in Wool's march, 509;
at Buena Vista, 554, 555;
in Scott's army, =2.= 77;
at Churubusco, 119;
in California, 219;
at siege of Vera Cruz, 343;
in Taylor's later force, 417.
First Infantry, at Burrita, =1.= 177;
at Monterey, 250, 252, 492, 496;
in Smith's brigade, 541;
garrisons Vera Cruz, =2.= 37;
at siege of Vera Cruz, 343.
First Ligero, at Cerro Gordo, =2.= 347.
First Line Infantry, Mexican, at Monterey, =1.= 494.
Fischer, Waldemar, company in Kearny's expedition, =1.= 288, 515.
Flagg, A. C., and Polk's Cabinet, =2.= 269, 271.
_Flirt_, in Home Squadron, =2.= 197, 442.
Flores, J. M., rising in California, =1.= 339, 533;
as provisional governor, 340;
and battle of San Pascual, 342;
and American advance on Los Angeles, 343-4, 535;
retires to Sonora, 345;
and Larkin, 536.
Florida troops, calls, =1.= 537, =2.= 364;
in Taylor's later force, 417;
at Puebla, 433.
Food and drink, Mexican, =1.= 2, 20-1.
Forbes, Alexander, British consul at Tepic, effect of his book on
California, =1.= 323.
Forbes, J. A., British vice consul in California, on California and
independence, =1.= 321;
on expected American annexation, 325;
and British control, 328, 329, 332.
Forced loans in Mexico, =1.= 410, =2.= 254, 477;
to pay claims, =1.= 431.
Ford, Lemuel, at siege of Puebla, =2.= 424;
in Lane's guerilla operations, 426.
Foreign relations, American, European attitude toward United States,
=2.= 294-6, 502;
and toward Mexico, 296, 502;
Buchanan's circular on origin and purpose of war, 297;
Spanish America and the war, 298;
attitude of Spain, 298;
of Prussia, 298;
England and outbreak of war, 299-300;
France and outbreak, 300, 503;
British offer of mediation, 301, 503-4;
question of British interposition, 301-4, 504-6;
and British-French relations, 304, 506;
France and interposition, 304;
effect of victories, 305;
foreign help of Mexico, 306;
criticism of war operations, 306-8, 507;
and treaty of peace, 308-9;
influence of war on, 323.
_See also_ Diplomatic intercourse; Preparation; nations by name,
especially France; Great Britain; Spain.
Foreigners.
_See_ Aliens.
Forsyth, John, and Gaines's expedition, =1.= 64, 66, 422;
and claims commission, 80, 429.
_Forward_, in attack on Alvarado, =2.= 199;
in Tabasco expedition, 200.
Foster, J. G., at Molino del Rey, wounded, =2.= 142, 144, 403;
at Cerro Gordo, 349;
engineer with Scott, 366.
Fourteenth Infantry, in Scott's army, =2.= 77, 363, 432;
at Chapultepec, 154;
at Churubusco, 385;
at Molino del Rey, 402.
Fourth Artillery, at Buena Vista, =1.= 555;
at Cerro Gordo, =2.= 53;
in Scott's army, 77;
at Molino del Rey, 143;
at siege of Vera Cruz, 343;
left at Contreras, 382;
in Taylor's later force, 417, 418.
Fourth Infantry, at Fort Jesup, =1.= 140;
goes to Texas, 141-2, 452;
at Palo Alto 164, 167, 168;
at Monterey, 252, 256, 492, 496, 500-2, 506;
in Scott's army, =2.= 77, 422;
at siege of Vera Cruz, 343;
at San Cosme garita, 414.
Fourth Ligero, at Monterey, =1.= 494;
at Cerro Gordo, =2.= 347.
Fourth Line Infantry, Mexican, at Palo Alto, =1.= 165, 168;
at Resaca de la Palma, 171, 174, 175;
at Monterey, 494;
at Cerro Gordo, =2.= 52, 53, 347.
_Fourth of July_, claim, =1.= 424.
France, attack on Mexico, =1.= 49, 74;
and Texas, 55, 67, 90, 432;
and expected war, 112;
and annexation of Texas, 113, =2.= 295, 501, 502;
and support of Mexico, interposition, =1.= 112-5, =2.= 304;
supposed manipulation of Mexico, =1.= 121;
and California, 324, 326, 327, 523, =2.= 505;
and Mexican privateering, 193;
and American tariff for Mexican ports, 262, 484;
attitude toward United States, 295;
attitude toward Mexico, 296-7;
and outbreak of war, 300, 503;
attitude and British relations, 304, 506;
and American victories, 305.
Franklin, W. B., reconnaissance in Wool's march, =1.= 271.
Freaner, J. L., and recall of Trist, =2.= 465;
takes treaty to Washington, 467.
Frederick William of Prussia, and the war, =2.= 299.
Frémont, J. C., expedition canceled (1845), =1.= 131, 447;
and Castro, retirement, 331, 528;
Gillespie and return, Bear Flag war, 331-3, 528-9, 531;
and Sloat, 335, 531;
joins Stockton, force and appearance, 336;
influences address, 336;
in first southern campaign, 336, 337;
command in north, 338;
and second southern campaign, 342, 345, 535-6;
treaty with insurgents, 345-6, =2.= 218;
as governor, 217;
and Kearny, 454.
French, S. G., on Taylor as fighter, =1.= 238.
French in Mexico, merchants, =1.= 5.
French revolution, influence in Mexico, =1.= 30.
Frontera, blockade, =2.= 194;
importance, 443.
Fugitive slaves, rendition in American-Mexican negotiations, =1.= 419.
Furber, G. C., work as source, =1.= 404.
Furlong, C., and Americans at Puebla, =2.= 225.
Gachupines, characteristics, =1.= 3;
expulsion, 39, 42, 413.
_See also_ Oligarchy.
Gahagan, Dennis, claim, =1.= 427.
Gaines, E. P., Nacogdoches expedition, =1.= 64-6, 420-2;
requisition for six-months men, 196, 205, 452, 476, =2.= 272, 511;
and Scott, =1.= 197;
Taylor's letter, 347, 507;
and command of Vera Cruz expedition, 353;
relieved, court of inquiry, 476.
Gaines, J. P., carelessness and capture, =1.= 370-1;
at Saltillo, 541;
of Scott's staff, =2.= 366.
_See also_ Encarnación prisoners.
Gallatin, Albert, on annexation of Texas, =1.= 83;
pessimism on peace prospects, =2.= 235;
on treasury notes, 258;
and the war, 314.
Gambling, American, =1.= 144, 207, =2.= 214;
at Mexico City, =2.= 460.
Gamboa, Ramón, and Santa Anna, =2.= 134;
on evacuation of Mexico City, 415, 416.
Gaona, General, in preparations below Perote, =2.= 40;
abandons Perote, 61.
Garay, F. de, and De Russey's expedition, =2.= 418.
Garay, J. G. Perdigón.
_See_ Perdigón Garay.
García, General, at Matamoros, character, =1.= 158, 462.
García Conde, Pedro, and battle of Sacramento, =1.= 306, 309, 312,
519, 520.
Gardner, J. L., command at Point Isabel, =1.= 493.
Garland, John, at Palo Alto, =1.= 164;
at Monterey, 250, 251, 253, 492, 496, 499, 500;
brigade in advance of Perote, =2.= 61;
in Scott's army, 77;
before San Antonio, Mex., 102;
at Churubusco, 113, 116;
at Molino del Rey, 143, 145;
at Chapultepec, 161;
at San Cosme garita, 162;
wounded in uprising, 167;
and Contreras, 381.
Garro, Máximo, Mexican chargé at Paris, reports cited _passim_.
Gates, William, at Tampico, =1.= 281, 282, 486, 512, 546, =2.= 484;
discipline, 215;
and prisoners at Huejutla, 418.
Gateways of Mexico City, =2.= 147.
_See also_ Belén; San Cosme.
Georgia troops, in Victoria march, =1.= 357;
at siege of Vera Cruz, =2.= 343;
in Alvarado expedition, 344;
leave Scott, 356;
calls (1847), 364, 365, 430;
for Scott, 423;
cavalry at Huamantla, 426.
"Germanicus," on volunteers, =1.= 474.
Germans in Mexico, merchants, =1.= 5;
mining companies, 15.
_Germantown_, in attack on Tuxpán, =2.= 444;
in Home Squadron, 445, 446.
Germany. =See= Prussia.
Gerolt, Baron, Prussian minister at Washington, and the war, =2.= 503.
Gibson, George, commissary general of subsistence, =1.= 475;
and Graham, 500.
Giddings, J. R., and secession, =2.= 272;
position in House, 496.
Giffard, F. L., British consul at Matamoros, on conduct of volunteers,
=2.= 211.
Giffard, T., British consul at Vera Cruz, on Vera Cruz expedition,
=2.= 22, 32, 33, 337, 341;
on American rule, 221;
on Scott and Jalapa, 362.
Gillespie, A. H., mission to California, =1.= 326, 329, 526, 530;
and return of Frémont, 331, 332, 528;
and Bear Flag war, 332, 529;
in southern campaign, 336;
rule at Los Angeles, 338;
rising against, surrender, 339, 533-4;
joins Kearny, 341;
in battle of San Pascual, 342;
in expedition to Los Angeles, 342.
Gillespie, R. A., at Monterey, =1.= 245;
march to Mier, 483.
Glass, J. W., British consul at Tampico, reports cited _passim_.
Glasson, J. J., at siege of Vera Cruz, =2.= 338.
Goliad massacre, American indignation, =1.= 117.
Gómez, Gregorio, _Jefferson_ and _Natchez_ incidents, =1.= 424-5;
in preparations below Perote, =2.= 40;
flight from La Hoya, 58.
Gómez Farías.
_See_ Farías.
Gómez Pedraza.
_See_ Pedraza.
González, ----, and Armijo, =1.= 293.
Gore, J. H., at San Cosme garita, =2.= 414.
Gorman, W. A., at Buena Vista, =1.= 386, 556;
at Huamantla, =2.= 426.
Gorostiza, M. E. de, as minister at Washington, =1.= 64;
and Gaines's expedition, 65-6, 420-2;
pamphlet, Mexican disavowal, 77-9;
and Texas, 432;
and Santa Anna, =2.= 92.
Government, Mexican, results of colonial system, =1.= 29-30;
causes of failure, 56-7, 416-7, 438, =2.= 310, 312;
difficulties in tracing political development, =1.= 411;
extempore, after loss of capital, =2.= 179-81, 427, 428;
results to, of the war, 514.
_See also_ Centralists; Congress, Mexican; Conquered territory;
Constitutions; Dictatorship; Federalism; Independence; Local
government; Monarchy; Oligarchy; President of Mexico;
Revolutions; Roman Catholic church.
Graham, G. M., and Garland at Monterey, =1.= 500;
messenger to Mexico, =2.= 473.
Graham, James, and Oregon, =1.= 200.
Grande, Rio.
_See_ Rio Grande.
Grant, U. S., at Monterey, =1.= 252, 256, 501;
on Worth, 498;
on magnifying of Taylor's victories, 549;
at Cerro Gordo, =2.= 49;
at San Cosme garita, 162, 414;
on departure from Mexico, 252;
on Cerro Gordo, 354;
on Churubusco, 383;
on battles before Mexico City, 408;
on Mexican soldiers, 509.
Gray, A. F. V., at San Pascual, =1.= 535.
Grayson, J. B., Scott's chief of subsistence, =2.= 366.
Great Britain, British loans to Mexico, =1.= 37;
and Texas, 55, 67, 86, 90, 419, 432, 449, =2.= 295, 303, 502, 506;
commercial treaty with Mexico, =1.= 61;
and California, 69, 319, 323-6, 328, 334, 336, 524, 527, 531, =2.=
302, 308, 505;
Mexican relations and claims, =1.= 74, 135, 425, =2.= 296-7, 502;
and restoration of American-Mexican intercourse, =1.= 91, 435;
Oregon controversy, 90, 94, 114-5, 200, 478, =2.= 295, 299, 504;
question of interposition, =1.= 112-5, 442, =2.= 238, 301-4, 504-6;
supposed manipulation of Mexico, =1.= 121, 443;
and Mexican privateering, =2.= 192;
and blockade, 193, 303, 440;
and peace negotiations, 238, 465;
attitude toward United States, 294-5, 501;
and outbreak of the war, defeat of her policy, 299-300;
offer of mediation, 301, 368;
influence of French relations, 304, 506;
and American victories, 305;
volunteer officers for Mexico, 306;
and treaty of peace, 308-9, 508.
_See also_ Bankhead; Doyle; Pakenham; Thornton.
Green, B. E., and Mexican negotiations, =1.= 84-5, 433, 436;
on Tornel, 484.
Green, Duff, on Mexican finances, =2.= 8.
Green, P. C., claim, =1.= 426.
Greenhow, Robert, and claims on Mexico, =1.= 78, 429.
Grievances, American, =1.= 70-3, 423, 424.
_See also_ Claims; Diplomatic intercourse.
Griffin, W. P., at siege of Vera Cruz, =2.= 338.
Grijalva River.
_See_ Tabasco.
Grone, Karl von, on Scott, =2.= 316;
on American soldiers, 321.
Guadalajara, situation, =1.= 3.
_Guadalupe_, escape, =2.= 195.
Guadalupe Hidalgo, shrine, =1.= 223, 488, =2.= 141;
Valencia at, =2.= 88;
treaty signed at, 240, 467.
Guadalupe Hidalgo, treaty of.
_See_ Peace.
Guanajuato, powder-mill, =2.= 87.
Guanajuato cavalry battalion, at Monterey, =1.= 494.
Guanajuato state, in discussion on peace, =2.= 464.
Guatemala, and the war, =2.= 298.
Guaymas, as port, =1.= 3;
bombarded, =2.= 205, 446;
map, 206;
blockade, 206;
occupied, 206, 208, 447.
Guerilla warfare, in revolt against Spain, =1.= 31-2;
threat (1846), 153, 154;
Canales' force, 158, 226, 236, 479, 495;
Blanco's force, 273, 274, 283, 510;
in north after Buena Vista, suppression, 399-400, 562, =2.= 169-71,
421, 422;
during battle of Buena Vista, =1.= 559;
operations on Scott's line, =2.= 77, 171, 365, 422, 423;
and Scott's advance, 98;
Mexican addiction to, 168;
adoption and sanction, 168-9, 421;
Vera Cruz state as chief home, leaders, 171, 421;
Scott's operations against, 172, 423;
lack of morale, attacks on Mexicans, 172-3;
operations and siege of Puebla, 173-4, 178, 424;
Lane's operations against, 178-9, 426-7;
British encouragement, 306;
Scott's warning on, 358;
failure, 423.
Guerillas of Vengeance, =2.= 169.
Guerrero, Vicente, as partisan leader, =1.= 32;
in Itúrbide's revolt, 33;
revolt against Itúrbide, 35;
and Montaño's revolt, 38;
Presidential candidacy, 40-1;
proclaimed President, 41;
character, as President, 42;
overthrow, killed, 43;
warned by United States, 59, 418;
and Poinsett, 62.
Guexocingo, Lane at, =2.= 426.
Guizot, F. P. G., policy of balance of power in America, =1.= 90, =2.=
304;
and expected war, =1.= 108, 112, 115;
and Texas, 295;
policy of neutrality, =2.= 300;
and United States, 301;
and Palmerston, 304.
Gutiérrez, Captain, at Monterey, =1.= 254.
Gutiérrez de Estrada, J. M., and monarchy, =1.= 90;
on conduct of American army, =2.= 232.
Gwynn, T. P., at siege of Puebla, =2.= 174.
Hacienda, =1.= 19.
Hacienda department.
_See_ Finances, Mexican.
Haddon, W. R., on Buena Vista, =1.= 557.
Hagner, P. V., at Chapultepec, =2.= 152;
ordnance officer with Scott, 366.
Haile, ----, on losses at Monterey, =1.= 505.
Hamer, T. L., as volunteer officer, =1.= 207, 481;
at Monterey, 253, 254, 492.
Hamilton, C. S., on mistakes at Monterey, =1.= 503;
on army life in Mexico, =2.= 321.
Hamilton, Schuyler, of Scott's staff, =2.= 366.
Hamley, E. B., on military strategy, =2.= 317.
Hammond, J. H., on war spirit, =1.= 127.
Hamtramck, John, command at Saltillo, =2.= 418.
Hancock, W. S., at Churubusco, =2.= 385.
_Hannah Elizabeth_, claim, =1.= 424.
Hannegan, E. A., and expansion, =1.= 188;
and absorption of Mexico, =2.= 243;
on Polk and Oregon, 271;
position in Senate, 496;
on responsibility of Mexico, 508.
Haralson, H. A., position in House, =2.= 496.
Hardcastle, E. L. F., topographical engineer with Scott, =2.= 366.
Hardee, W. J., captured, expected Mexican victory at Palo Alto,
=1.= 161.
Hardin, J. J., at Buena Vista, =1.= 383, 386, 390, 391;
charge, killed, 393-4, 556, 559.
Hargous, Louis, and Santa Anna, =1.= 487;
Scott's agent, =2.= 362, 396;
and navy, 444.
Harmony, Peter, claim, =1.= 426.
Harney, W. S., escapade, =1.= 268-70, 509;
insubordination and magnanimity of Scott, 364-5, 545, 546, =2.= 248;
and Wool, detached from Wool's march, =1.= 509;
brigade, 541;
at Cerro Gordo, =2.= 51, 53-6, 352, 354;
command in Scott's army, 77;
in advance from Puebla, 93, 94;
at San Agustín, 97, 381;
at Churubusco, 119;
in Mexico City, 164;
at siege of Vera Cruz, 335, 339;
La Antigua expedition, 344;
during Chapultepec, 408.
Haro y Tamáriz, Antonio de, and Santa Anna, =2.= 4;
and financial chaos, 11.
Harrison, W. H., and control of occupied territory, =2.= 285, 497.
Haskell, W. T., at Cerro Gordo, =2.= 56, 57, 353.
Hawkins, E. S., commands Fort Brown, =1.= 468.
Hays, J. C., at Monterey, =1.= 238, 241, 255, 497, 498, 501;
and protection of Texas, 452;
operations against guerillas, =2.= 172, 423;
goes to Scott, 184, 418, 432;
character of Rangers, 423.
Haywood, W. H., Jr., and tariff, =2.= 479.
Heady, W. J., carelessness and capture, =1.= 371.
_See also_ Encarnación prisoners.
Hébert, P. O., at Chapultepec, =2.= 410.
_Hecla_, in attack on Tuxpán, =2.= 444;
in Home Squadron, 445;
ashore, 446.
Heintzelman, S. P., at Huamantla, =2.= 426;
in Lane's operations, 426.
Henderson, G. F. R., on civilian judgment on military subjects,
=1.= x.
Henderson, J. P., command of Texan troops, =1.= 480;
division in Monterey campaign, 492, 496;
in Monterey negotiations, 502.
Henry, Thomas, at Cerro Gordo, =2.= 55.
Henry, W. S., on Camargo camp, =1.= 212;
on mistakes at Monterey, 502;
on Taylor's force after battle, 507.
Heredia, J. A., command at Chihuahua, =1.= 305;
battle of Sacramento, 306-13;
negotiations, 313;
displaced, 521.
Hernández, priest, and Butler, =1.= 62.
Herrera, J. J. de, head of government (1845), =1.= 55-6;
and resumption of American intercourse, 89, 92, 94, 435, 436;
administration totters, 95;
and Slidell mission, 96-8, 120, 437;
fall, 98-9, 438;
endorsed by many (1846), 216, 221;
and California, 329;
and Santa Anna (1847), =2.= 92;
peace commissioner, 135;
and evacuation of city, 167, 420;
and executive power (1847), 180;
supports Peña, 180;
force, resigns, 182, 429;
President (1848), and American evacuation, 252;
on restoration of cordiality, 323;
and riot during armistice, 396.
Hervey, L., British agent in Mexico, reports cited _passim_.
Heywood, Charles, at San José, =2.= 449.
Hidalgo, Miguel, revolt, =1.= 31.
Hidalgo battalion, formation, =2.= 3-4;
at San Antonio, 112, 384;
at Chapultepec, 410.
Hill, D. H., on Monterey, =1.= 254, 505;
on Pillow, =2.= 377.
Hilliard, H. W., on advance to Rio Grande, =1.= 457.
Hitchcock, E. A., in Texas, on Taylor, =1.= 144, 145, 452;
leaves front, 158;
Scott's magnanimity, 545, =2.= 248;
on Worth's Chachapa agreement, 70;
on Churubusco, 118;
on Molino del Rey, 147;
at siege of Vera Cruz, 335;
on Worth, 361;
of Scott's staff, 366;
and plan of attack on Mexico City, 408.
Holmes, I. E., on war spirit, =1.= 444;
and war bill, 471, 472;
on Polk's alarm, 476.
Holst, H. E. von, on Polk and war, =1.= 472, 473;
on justice of acquiring California, =2.= 322.
Home Squadron during the war, vessels, distribution, men, =2.= 189,
197, 442, 444-6.
_See also_ Conner; Perry.
Hooker, Joseph, at Monterey, =1.= 253.
Hopping, E. D., brigade in Taylor's force, =2.= 417.
Horn, Carlos, at Mazatlán, =2.= 448.
Horsemanship, Mexican, =1.= 24.
Houses, Mexican, =1.= 18-20, 23;
inns, 20.
Houston, Sam, European intrigue, =1.= 82;
and treaty of peace, =2.= 247.
Howard, Joshua, regiment, =2.= 363.
Hoya Pass, as defensive point, =2.= 39, 42;
abandoned, 58, 60.
Huamantla, battle, =2.= 176-8, 425-6.
Hudson, Charles, position in House, =2.= 496.
Hudson, T. B., in battle of Sacramento, =1.= 309, 311, 312.
Huejutla, prisoners of war at, =2.= 418.
Huger, Benjamin, at Molino del Rey, =2.= 143, 145, 146;
at Chapultepec, 149, 153, 409;
at San Cosme garita, 161, 162, 415;
at siege of Vera Cruz, 335;
ordnance officer with Scott, 356, 366.
Hughes, G. W., reconnaissance in Wool's march, =1.= 271;
on population of Mexico, 407;
on Wool's force, 509;
as governor of Jalapa, =2.= 224, 230.
Hull, J. B., off western coast of Mexico, =2.= 205.
Humboldt, Alexander von, on léperos, =1.= 6;
and the war, =2.= 299, 309;
on justice of acquisition of California, 322.
Hunt, H. J., at Chapultepec, =2.= 156;
at San Cosme garita, 162.
Hunt, W. E., in occupation of Tampico, =1.= 279.
Hunter, C. G., at Alvarado, =2.= 344.
Ibarra, D., removed, =2.= 66;
and Trist mission, 130, 390;
attack on, 367.
Iguala, Plan of, =1.= 33.
Illinois, hard times and unrest, =1.= 124.
_See also_ Illinois troops.
Illinois troops, at Buena Vista, =1.= 383, 386, 387, 389, 390, 556,
559;
in Wool's march, 509;
at siege of Vera Cruz, =2.= 343;
leave Scott, 356;
call and response (1847), 364, 365, 430, 431;
in Taylor's later force, 417;
at Tampico, 418;
for Scott, 423.
Importance of the war, =1.= vii.
_Independence_, in Pacific squadron, =2.= 189, 206, 446, 447.
Independence Hill at Monterey, =1.= 239, 497;
capture, 244-6, 499.
Independence of Mexico, incitation, =1.= 30-1;
Hidalgo's revolt, 31;
partisan warfare, 31-2;
education for, 32;
revolt of oligarchy and Itúrbide, Plan of Iguala, 32-3;
Itúrbide's rule, 33-5;
his overthrow, 35;
Congress, first republican constitution, 35-7, 412, 413;
Victoria's administration, 37-8;
expulsion of Gachupines, 39, 42, 413;
Spanish invasion (1829), 41.
Independencia battalion, formation, =2.= 3;
revolts, 13;
at Churubusco, 111, 382.
Indiana troops, at Buena Vista, =1.= 386, 388, 390, 391, 555, 557;
call (1847), =2.= 364, 431;
in Taylor's later force, 417;
sent to Scott, 418;
at Huamantla, 426;
in Lane's operations, 426, 427;
garrison at Puebla, 433.
Indianapolis, enlistments, =1.= 195.
Indianapolis _State Sentinel_, on Mexicans, =1.= 118.
Indians, characteristics and conditions of Mexican, =1.= 4, 18, 21;
Mexican, as soldiers, 10, 161, 463;
and independence, 31;
Mexico counts on help of American, 107;
in Kearny's expedition, 288;
war and raids, 269, 509;
submission in New Mexico, 298;
employment in war, 509;
raids on American expeditions, 515.
_Indicador_, on war lethargy, =1.= 214.
Industry, conditions of Mexican, =1.= 6, 15-7, 22.
Ingersoll, C. J., on Polk and war, =1.= 456;
on war bill, 472;
on lesson of the war, =2.= 324;
position in House, 496.
Ingersoll, J. R., position in House, =2.= 496.
Ingraham, D. N., at Tampico, =1.= 512.
Iniestra, Ignacio, and California, =1.= 522.
Inns, Mexican, =1.= 20.
Intellectual life, lack in Mexico, =1.= 20.
Intelligence arrangements and reconnaissance, Taylor's neglect, =1.=
145, 161, 208, 226, 249, 374, 451, 464, 476, 478, 549;
Scott's, =2.= 72, 332, 362.
Internal improvements, and Democratic dissensions, =2.= 271, 281.
Interposition, Mexican hope of Spanish-American, =1.= 111;
and of European, 112-5, 122, 442;
question of British, =2.= 301-4, 504-6;
and of French, 304;
effect of American victories, 305.
Iowa troops, non-active, =2.= 511.
Ireland, famine, effect on American finances, =2.= 263, 484;
American relief and the war, 304.
Irish in American army, Mexican propaganda among, =1.= 507, =2.= 81, 358;
deserters in Santa Anna's army, 88, 385;
in Mexican hospital force, 347.
_See also_ San Patricio battalion.
Irregulars.
_See_ Guerilla warfare.
Irving, Washington, American minister at Madrid, reports cited _passim_.
Irwin, J. R., Scott's chief quartermaster, =2.= 366.
Irwin, William, at Marín, =1.= 562.
Isunza, J. R., governor of Puebla, and Scott's advance, =2.= 66, 69, 95.
Iturbe, ----, finance minister, graft, =1.= 214, =2.= 328.
Itúrbide, Agustín de, and war on insurgents, =1.= 31;
revolt, 33;
rule, 33-5;
overthrow, 35;
and Congress, 35;
execution, 37;
seizure by, 426;
and financial system, =2.= 6.
Iztaccihuatl, Mount, aspect, =2.= 93.
Izucar de Matamoros, Lane at, =2.= 179, 427.
Jackson, Andrew, and Texas, =1.= 62, 419, 428;
and Sabine River boundary, 64;
and claims on Mexico, 77-8, 428;
and war spirit, 124.
Jackson, T. J., at Chapultepec, =2.= 154, 160, 410;
at Contreras, 378;
at Molino del Rey, 403.
Jalapa, site, aspect, =1.= 2, =2.= 63, 223;
march of Scott's army for, 38, 45-8;
Mexican preparations on route, 39-42, 346;
defences at Cerro Gordo, 42-5, 347, 348;
battle of Cerro Gordo, 48-59;
occupied, 59, 354;
Scott at, his problems of advance, 61-5;
American garrison, 74, 361, 362, 433;
American rule, 223-5, 230, 231, 458;
Scott's fortification, 358.
Jalisco Lancers, at Monterey, =1.= 494.
Jalisco state, and Santa Anna, =1.= 376;
in discussion on peace, =2.= 464.
Jarauta, C. D. de, as guerilla, =2.= 171;
offers to join Americans, 421;
executed, 423.
Jarero, J. M., at Cerro Gordo, =2.= 44.
Jarnagin, Spencer, and tariff of 1846, =2.= 257, 496.
Jay, John, and War of 1812, =2.= 280.
_Jefferson_, Tampico incident, =1.= 425.
Jesup, T. S., and tents, =1.= 206;
and Wool's train, 274;
Taylor on, 352;
quartermaster general, 475;
and Taylor's inadequate preparations for Monterey campaign, 482, 491;
and preparations for Vera Cruz expedition, 545.
Jesup, Fort, troops at (1845), =1.= 140.
Jobson, S., on Ulúa, =1.= 536.
_John Adams_, and Vera Cruz expedition, =2.= 18;
in Home Squadron, 197, 446;
in attack on Tuxpán, 444.
Johnson, Andrew, on cause of war, =1.= 189.