Hyne (?), n. A servant. See Hine. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Hy"o- (?). [See Hyod.] A prexif used in anatomy, and generally denoting
connection with the hyoid bone or arch; as, hyoglossal, hyomandibular,
hyomental, etc.
||Hy`o*ga*noi"de*i (?), n. pl. [NL. See Hyo-, and Canoidei.] (Zoˆl.) A
||division of ganoid fishes, including the gar pikes and bowfins. --
||Hy`o*ga"noid (#), a.
Hy`o*glos"sal (?), a. [Hyo- + Gr. &?; tongue.] (Anat.) (a) Pertaining
to or connecting the tongue and hyodean arch; as, the hyoglossal
membrane. (b) Of or pertaining to the hyoglossus muscle.
||Hy`o*glos"sus (?), n. [NL., fr. hyo- hyo- + Gr. glw^ssa tongue.]
||(Anat.) A flat muscle on either side of the tongue, connecting it
||with the hyoid bone.
Hy"oid (?), a. [Gr. &?; fr. the letter + &?; form: cf. F. hyoÔde.] 1.
Having the form of an arch, or of the Greek letter upsilon [].
2. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the bony or cartilaginous arch which
supports the tongue. Sometimes applied to the tongue itself.
Hyoid arch (Anat.), the arch of cartilaginous or bony segments, which
connects the base of the tongue with either side of the skull. -- Hyoid
bone (Anat.), the bone in the base of the tongue, the middle part of
the hyoid arch.
Hy"oid, n. The hyoid bone.
{ Hy*oid"e*al (?), Hy*oid"e*an (?), } a. Same as Hyoid, a.
Hy`o*man*dib"u*lar (?), a. [Hyo- + mandibular.] (Anat.) Pertaining both
to the hyoidean arch and the mandible or lower jaw; as, the
hyomandibular bone or cartilage, a segment of the hyoid arch which
connects the lower jaw with the skull in fishes. -- n. The
hyomandibular bone or cartilage.
Hy`o*men"tal (?), a. [Hyo- + mental of the chin.] (Anat.) Between the
hyoid bone and the lower jaw, pertaining to them; suprahyoid;
submaxillary; as, the hyomental region of the front of the neck.
Hy`o*pas"tron (?), n. [Hyo- + plastron.] (Zoˆl.) The second lateral
plate in the plastron of turtles; -- called also hyosternum.
Hy*os"cine (?), n. [See Hyoscyamus.] (Chem.) An alkaloid found with
hyoscyamine (with which it is also isomeric) in henbane, and extracted
as a white, amorphous, semisolid substance.
Hy`os*cy"a*mine (?), n. [See Hyoscyamus.] (Chem.) An alkaloid found in
henbane (Hyoscyamus niger), and regarded as its active principle. It is
also found with other alkaloids in the thorn apple and deadly
nightshade. It is extracted as a white crystalline substance, with a
sharp, offensive taste. Hyoscyamine is isomeric with atropine, is very
poisonous, and is used as a medicine for neuralgia, like belladonna.
Called also hyoscyamia, duboisine, etc.
||Hy`os*cy"a*mus (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?;; &?; a sow, hog + &?; a
||bean.] 1. (Bot.) A genus of poisonous plants of the Nightshade
||family; henbane.
2. (Med.) The leaves of the black henbane (Hyoscyamus niger), used in
neuralgic and pectorial troubles.
Hy`o*ster"nal (?), a. [Hyo- + ternal.] (Anat.) (a) Between the hyoid
bone and the sternum, or pertaining to them; infrahyoid; as, the
hyosternal region of the neck. (b) Pertaining to the hyosternum of
turtles.
||Hy`o*ster"num (?), n. [Hyo- + sternum.] (Anat.) See Hyoplastron.
Hy`o*styl"ic (?), a. [Hyo- + Gr. &?; a pillar.] (Anat.) Having the
mandible suspended by the hyomandibular, or upper part of the hyoid
arch, as in fishes, instead of directly articulated with the skull as
in mammals; -- said of the skull.
Hyp (?), n. An abbreviation of hypochonaria; -- usually in plural.
[Colloq.]
Heaven send thou hast not got the hyps.
Swift.
Hyp, v. t. To make melancholy. [Colloq.] W. Irving.
{ Hy*pÊ"thral, Hy*pe"thral (?) }, a. [L. hypaethrus in the open air,
uncovered, Gr. &?;; &?; under + &?; ether, the clear sky.] (Arch.)
Exposed to the air; wanting a roof; -- applied to a building or part of
a building. Gwilt.
Hy*pal"la*ge (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?;, prop., interchange, exchange,
fr, &?; to interchange; &?; under + &?; to change.] (Gram.) A figure
consisting of a transference of attributes from their proper subjects
to others. Thus Virgil says, "dare classibus austros," to give the
winds to the fleets, instead of dare classibus austris, to give the
fleets to the winds.
The hypallage, of which Virgil is fonder than any other writer, is
much the gravest fault in language.
Landor.
||Hy*pan"thi*um (?), n.; pl. L. Hypanthia (#), E. Hypanthiums (#).
||[NL., fr. Gr. "ypo beneath + 'a`nqos flower.] (Bot.) A fruit
||consisting in large part of a receptacle, enlarged below the calyx,
||as in the Calycanthus, the rose hip, and the pear.
||Hy`pa*poph"y*sis (?), n.; pl. Hypapophyles (#). [NL. See Hypo-, and
||Apophysis.] (Anat.) A process, or other element, of a vertebra
||developed from the ventral side of the centrum, as hÊmal spines, and
||chevron bones. -- Hy`pa*po*phys"i*al (#), a.
Hy`par*te"ri*al (?), a. [Hypo- + arterial.] (Anat.) Situated below an
artery; applied esp. to the branches of the bronchi given off below the
point where the pulmonary artery crosses the bronchus.
Hy*pas"pist (?), n. [Gr. &?;.] (Gr. Antiq.) A shield-bearer or
armor-bearer. Mitford.
Hy*pax"i*al (?), a. [Hypo- + axial.] (Anat.) Beneath the axis of the
skeleton; subvertebral; hyposkeletal.
hype v. t. 1. to publicize [e.g. a product or a future event]
insistently, in a manner exaggerating the importance of; to promote
flamboyantly. [wns=1] [WordNet 1.5]
2. To stimulate or excite (a person); -- usually used with up, and
often in the passive form; as, she was all hyped up over her upcoming
wedding. [PJC]
hype n. Intense publicity for a future event, performed in a showy or
excessively dramatic manner suggesting an importance not justified by
the event; as, the hype surrounding the superbowl is usually ludicrous.
[PJC]
Hy"per- (?). [Gr. "ype`r over, above; akin to L. super, E. over. See
Over, and cf. Super- .] 1. A prefix signifying over, above; as,
hyperphysical, hyperthyrion; also, above measure, abnormally great,
excessive; as, hyperÊmia, hyperbola, hypercritical, hypersecretion.
2. (Chem.) A prefix equivalent to super- or per-; as hyperoxide, or
peroxide. [Obs.] See Per-.
||Hy`per*Ê"mi*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. "ype`r over + a"i^ma blood.]
||(Med.) A superabundance or congestion of blood in an organ or part of
||the body.
Active hyperÊmia, congestion due to increased flow of blood to a part.
-- Passive hyperÊmia, interchange due to obstruction in the return of
blood from a part.
-- Hy`per*Ê"mic (#), a.
||Hy`per*Ês*the"si*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. "ype`r over + &?; sense,
||perception.] (Med. & Physiol.) A state of exalted or morbidly
||increased sensibility of the body, or of a part of it. --
||Hy`per*Ês*thet"ic (#), a.
||Hy`per*a*poph"y*sis (?), n.; pl. Hyperapophyses (#). [NL. See Hyper-
||, and Apophysis.] (Anat.) A lateral and backward-projecting process
||on the dorsal side of a vertebra. - - Hy`per*ap`o*phys"i*al (#), a.
Hy`per*as"pist (?), n. [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to cover with a shield; "ype`r
over + &?; shield.] One who holds a shield over another; hence, a
defender. [Obs.] Chillingworth.
Hy`per*bat"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to an hyperbaton; transposed;
inverted.
||Hy*per"ba*ton (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; transposed, fr. &?;
||to step over; "ype`r over + &?; to step.] (Gram.) A figurative
||construction, changing or inverting the natural order of words or
||clauses; as, "echoed the hills" for "the hills echoed."
With a violent hyperbaton to transpose the text.
Milton.
Hy*per"bo*la (?), n. [Gr. &?;, prop., an overshooting, excess, i. e.,
of the angle which the cutting plane makes with the base. See
Hyperbole.] (Geom.) A curve formed by a section of a cone, when the
cutting plane makes a greater angle with the base than the side of the
cone makes. It is a plane curve such that the difference of the
distances from any point of it to two fixed points, called foci, is
equal to a given distance. See Focus. If the cutting plane be produced
so as to cut the opposite cone, another curve will be formed, which is
also an hyperbola. Both curves are regarded as branches of the same
hyperbola. See Illust. of Conic section, and Focus.
Hy*per"bo*le (?), n. [L., fr. Gr&?;, prop., an overshooting, excess,
fr. Gr. &?; to throw over or beyond; "ype`r over + &?; to throw. See
Hyper-, Parable, and cf. Hyperbola.] (Rhet.) A figure of speech in
which the expression is an evident exaggeration of the meaning intended
to be conveyed, or by which things are represented as much greater or
less, better or worse, than they really are; a statement exaggerated
fancifully, through excitement, or for effect.
Our common forms of compliment are almost all of them extravagant
hyperboles.
Blair.
Somebody has said of the boldest figure in rhetoric, the hyperbole,
that it lies without deceiving.
Macaulay.
{ Hy`per*bol"ic (?), Hy`per*bol"ic*al (?), } a. [L. hyperbolicus, Gr.
&?;: cf. F. hyperbolique.] 1. (Math.) Belonging to the hyperbola;
having the nature of the hyperbola.
2. (Rhet.) Relating to, containing, or of the nature of, hyperbole;
exaggerating or diminishing beyond the fact; exceeding the truth; as,
an hyperbolical expression. "This hyperbolical epitaph." Fuller.
Hyperbolic functions (Math.), certain functions which have relations to
the hyperbola corresponding to those which sines, cosines, tangents,
etc., have to the circle; and hence, called hyperbolic sines,
hyperbolic cosines, etc. -- Hyperbolic logarithm. See Logarithm. --
Hyperbolic spiral (Math.), a spiral curve, the law of which is, that
the distance from the pole to the generating point varies inversely as
the angle swept over by the radius vector.
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Hy`per*bol"ic*al*ly (?), adv. 1. (Math.) In the form of an hyperbola.
2. (Rhet.) With exaggeration; in a manner to express more or less than
the truth. Sir W. Raleigh.
Hy`per*bol"i*form (?), a. [Hyperbola + -form.] Having the form, or
nearly the form, of an hyperbola.
Hy*per"bo*lism (?), n. [Cf. F. hyperbolisme.] The use of hyperbole.
Jefferson.
Hy*per"bo*list (?), n. One who uses hyperboles.
Hy*per"bo*lize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Hyperbolized (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Hyperbolizing (?).] [Cf. F. hyperboliser.] To speak or write with
exaggeration. Bp. Montagu.
Hy*per"bo*lize, v. t. To state or represent hyperbolically. Fotherby.
Hy*per"bo*loid (?), n. [Hyperbola + -oid: cf. F. hyperboloÔde.] (Geom.)
A surface of the second order, which is cut by certain planes in
hyperbolas; also, the solid, bounded in part by such a surface.
Hyperboloid of revolution, an hyperboloid described by an hyperbola
revolving about one of its axes. The surface has two separate sheets
when the axis of revolution is the transverse axis, but only one when
the axis of revolution is the conjugate axis of the hyperbola.
Hy*per"bo*loid, a. (Geom.) Having some property that belongs to an
hyperboloid or hyperbola.
Hy`per*bo"re*an (?), a. [L. hyperboreus, Gr. &?;; "ype`r over, beyond +
&?;. See Boreas.] 1. (Greek Myth.) Of or pertaining to the region
beyond the North wind, or to its inhabitants.
2. Northern; belonging to, or inhabiting, a region in very far north;
most northern; hence, very cold; fright, as, a hyperborean coast or
atmosphere.
The hyperborean or frozen sea.