Orthographic or Orthogonal, projection, that projection which is made
by drawing lines, from every point to be projected, perpendicular to
the plane of projection. Such a projection of the sphere represents its
circles as seen in perspective by an eye supposed to be placed at an
infinite distance, the plane of projection passing through the center
of the sphere perpendicularly to the line of sight.
Or`tho*graph"ic*al*ly, adv. In an orthographical manner: (a) according
to the rules of proper spelling; (b) according to orthographic
projection.
Or*thog"ra*phist (?), n. One who spells words correctly; an
orthographer.
Or*thog"ra*phize (?), v. t. To spell correctly or according to usage;
to correct in regard to spelling.
In the coalesced into ith, which modern reaction has orthographized
to i' th'.
Earle.
Or*thog"ra*phy (?), n. [OE. ortographie, OF. orthographie, L.
orthographia, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; writing correctly; 'orqo`s right +
gra`fein to write. See Ortho-, and Graphic.]
1. The art or practice of writing words with the proper letters,
according to standard usage; conventionally correct spelling; also,
mode of spelling; as, his orthography is vicious.
When spelling no longer follows the pronunciation, but is hardened
into orthography.
Earle.
2. The part of grammar which treats of the letters, and of the art of
spelling words correctly.
3. A drawing in correct projection, especially an elevation or a
vertical section.
Or*thol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. &?;; 'orqo`s right + &?; speech, description:
cf. F. orthologie.] The right description of things. [R.] Fotherby.
Or`tho*met"ric (?), a. [See Orthometry.] (Crystallog.) Having the axes
at right angles to one another; -- said of crystals or crystalline
forms.
Or*thom"e*try (?), n. [Ortho- + -metry.] The art or practice of
constructing verses correctly; the laws of correct versification.
Or`tho*mor"phic (?), a. [Ortho- + morphic.] (Geom.) Having the right
form.
Orthomorphic projection, a projection in which the angles in the figure
to be projected are equal to the corresponding angles in the projected
figure.
{ Or`tho*ped"ic (?), Or`tho*ped"ic*al (?), } a. (Med.) Pertaining to,
or employed in, orthopedy; relating to the prevention or cure of
deformities of children, or, in general, of the human body at any age;
as, orthopedic surgery; an orthopedic hospital.
Or*thop"e*dist (?), n. (Med.) One who prevents, cures, or remedies
deformities, esp. in children.
Or*thop"e*dy (?), n. [Ortho- + Gr. &?;, &?;, a child.] (Med.) The art
or practice of curing the deformities of children, or, by extension,
any deformities of the human body.
Or*thoph"o*ny (?), n. [Ortho- + Gr. &?; voice.] The art of correct
articulation; voice training.
Or`tho*pin"a*coid (?), n. [Ortho- + pinacoid.] (Crystallog.) A name
given to the two planes in the monoclinic system which are parallel to
the vertical and orthodiagonal axes.
{ ||Or`thop*nœ"a (?), Or*thop"ny (?), } n. [L. orthopnoea, Gr. &?;;
'orqo`sstraight, right + pnei^n to breathe: cf. F. orthopnée.] (Med.)
Specifically, a morbid condition in which respiration can be performed
only in an erect posture; by extension, any difficulty of breathing.
||Or*thop"o*da (?), n. pl. [NL. See Ortho-, and -poda.] (Zoöl.) An
||extinct order of reptiles which stood erect on the hind legs, and
||resembled birds in the structure of the feet, pelvis, and other
||parts.
Or"tho*prax`y (?), n. [Gr. 'orqo`s straight + &?; a doing.] (Med.) The
treatment of deformities in the human body by mechanical appliances.
||Or*thop"te*ra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. 'orqo`s straight + &?;
||feather, wing.] (Zoöl.) An order of mandibulate insects including
||grasshoppers, locusts, cockroaches, etc. See Illust. under Insect.
The anterior wings are usually thickened and protect the posterior
wings, which are larger and fold longitudinally like a fan. The
Orthoptera undergo no metamorphosis.
Or*thop"ter*an (?), n. (Zoöl.) One of the Orthoptera.
Or*thop"ter*ous (?), a. (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to the Orthoptera.
Or`tho*rhom"bic (?), a. [Ortho- + rhombic.] (Crystallog.) Noting the
system of crystallization which has three unequal axes at right angles
to each other; trimetric. See Crystallization.
Or"tho*scope (?), n. [Ortho- + -scope.] (Physyol.) An instrument
designed to show the condition of the superficial portions of the eye.
Or`tho*scop"ic (?), a. (Opt.) Giving an image in correct or normal
proportions; giving a flat field of view; as, an orthoscopic eyepiece.
Or`tho*si*lic"ic (?), a. [Ortho- + silicic.] (Chem.) Designating the
form of silicic acid having the normal or highest number of hydroxyl
groups.
Or`tho*sper"mous (?), a. [Ortho- + Gr. &?; seed.] (Bot.) Having the
seeds straight, as in the fruits of some umbelliferous plants; --
opposed to cœlospermous. Darwin.
Or"tho*stade (?), n. [Gr. &?;; 'orqo`s straight + &?; to place.] (Anc.
Costume) A chiton, or loose, ungirded tunic, falling in straight folds.
Or*thos"ti*chy (?), n.; pl. Orthostichies (#). [Ortho- + Gr. &?; row.]
(Bot.) A longitudinal rank, or row, of leaves along a stem.
Or`tho*tom"ic (?), a. [Ortho- + Gr. &?; to cleave.] (Geom.) Cutting at
right angles.
Orthotomic circle (Geom.), that circle which cuts three given circles
at right angles.
Or*thot"o*mous (?), a. (Crystallog.) Having two cleavages at right
angles with one another.
Or*thot"o*my (?), n. (Geom.) The property of cutting at right angles.
Or"tho*tone (?), a. [Ortho- + Gr. &?; tone, accent.] (Gr. Gram.)
Retaining the accent; not enclitic; -- said of certain indefinite
pronouns and adverbs when used interrogatively, which, when not so
used, are ordinarilly enclitic.
{ Or*thot"ro*pal (?), Or*thot"ro*pous (?), } a. [Ortho- + Gr. &?; to
turn: cf. F. orthotrope.] (Bot.) Having the axis of an ovule or seed
straight from the hilum and chalaza to the orifice or the micropyle;
atropous.
This word has also been used (but improperly) to describe any embryo
whose radicle points towards, or is next to, the hilum.
Or`tho*trop"ic (?), a. [See Orthotropal.] (Bot.) Having the longer axis
vertical; -- said of erect stems. Encyc. Brit.
Or`tho*xy"lene (?), n. [Ortho- + xylene.] (Chem.) That variety of
xylene in which the two methyl groups are in the ortho position; a
colorless, liquid, combustible hydrocarbon resembling benzene.
Or"tive (?), a. [L. ortivus, fr. oriri, ortus, to rise: cf. F. ortive.]
Of or relating to the time or act of rising; eastern; as, the ortive
amplitude of a planet.
Or"to*lan (?), n. [F., fr. It. ortolano ortolan, gardener, fr. L.
hortulanus gardener, fr. hortulus, dim. of hortus garden. So called
because it frequents the hedges of gardens. See Yard an inclosure, and
cf. Hortulan.] (Zoöl.) (a) A European singing bird (Emberiza
hortulana), about the size of the lark, with black wings. It is
esteemed delicious food when fattened. Called also bunting. (b) In
England, the wheatear (Saxicola œnanthe). (c) In America, the sora, or
Carolina rail (Porzana Carolina). See Sora.
Or"ty*gan (?), n. [Gr. &?;, &?;, a quail.] (Zoöl.) One of several
species of East Indian birds of the genera Ortygis and Hemipodius. They
resemble quails, but lack the hind toe. See Turnix.
Or"val (?), n. [F. orvale.] (Bot.) A kind of sage (Salvia Horminum).
||Or`vet" (?), n. [F.] (Zoöl.) The blindworm.
Or`vi*e"tan (?), n. [F. orviétan: cf. It. orvietano. So called because
invented at Orvieto, in Italy.] A kind of antidote for poisons; a
counter poison formerly in vogue. [Obs.]
-o*ry (?). [L. -orius: cf. F. -oire.] 1. An adjective suffix meaning of
or pertaining to, serving for; as in auditory, pertaining to or serving
for hearing; prohibitory, amendatory, etc.
2. [L. -orium: cf. F. -oire.] A noun suffix denoting that which
pertains to, or serves for; as in ambulatory, that which serves for
walking; consistory, factory, etc.
{ O"ry*al (?), O"ry*all (?) }, n. See Oriel.
Or"yc*tere (?), n. [Gr. &?; digger: cf. F. oryctère.] (Zoöl.) The aard-
vark.
O*ryc"ter*ope (?), n. [Gr. &?; digger + &?; foot.] (Zoöl.) Same as
Oryctere.
Or`yc*tog"no*sy (?), n. [Gr. &?; dug (&?; to dig) + &?; knowledge.]
Mineralogy. [Obs.] -- Or`yc*tog*nos"tic (#), a. -- Or`yc*tog*nos"tic*al
(#), a. [Obs.] -- Or`yc*tog*nos"tic*al*ly (#), adv. [Obs.]
Or`yc*tog"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. &?; dug + -graphy.] Description of
fossils. [Obs.]
Or`yc*to*log"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. oryctologique.] Of or pertaining to
oryctology. [Obs.]