[17] Muratori, _Annali ad ann._: He quotes from _Annali Pisani_ (see
tom. vi., Rer. Ital. Scrip): "Fecerunt bellum Pisani cum Lucensibus in
Aqua longa, et vicerunt illos." See Arch. St. It. VI. ii. p. 4. Cron.
Pis. ad annum.
[18] Muratori, _Annali ad ann. 1050_: "et Pisa fuit firmata de tota
Sardinia a Romana sede."--_Ann. Pis._, R.I.S., tom. vi.
[19] Tronci, _Annali Pisani_, Livorno, 1682, p. 21.
[20] Ibid. p. 22.
[21] Muratori (_Annali ad ann._) says Pope Alexander visited in this
year S. Martino the Duomo of Lucca. Ad ann. 1118 he suggests 1092 for
the foundation of the Duomo of Pisa.
[22] Thus Tronci; but Volpe, _Studi sulle Istituzioni Comunali a Pisa_,
p. 6, tells us that these quarters did not exist till much later,--till
after 1164, when the system of division by _porte e base_ was abandoned
for division by _quartieri_. Tronci, later, says that the city was
unwalled (p. 38). But even in the eleventh century Pisa was a walled
city; the first walls included only the Quartiere di Mezzo; and in those
days the city proper, the walled part, was called "Populus Pisanus,"
while the suburbs were called Cinthicanus, Foriportensis, and de Burgis.
Cf. _Arch. St. It._ iii. vol. VIII. p. 5. Muratori, _Dissertazioni_, 30,
"De Mercat." says that in the tenth century a part of the city was
called Kinzic; cf. Fanucci, _St. dei Tre celebri Popoli Maritt._ I. 96.
Kinzic is Arabic, and means _magazzinaggi_.
[23] Tronci, _op. cit._ p. 38.
[24] Tronci, _op. cit._ p. 60.
[25] It was from Amalfi that they brought home the Pandects.
[26] The first Podestà of the city was Conte Tedicis della Gherardesca.
[27] Pisa was perhaps influenced, too, in her choice of the Ghibelline
side by the interference of the Papacy against her in Corsica. While, if
Pisa was Ghibelline, Lucca, of course, was Guelph.
[28] Cf. G. Villani, _op. cit._ lib. vii. cap. ii., "La cagione perchè
si comincio la guerra da' Fiorentini a' Pisani," and Villari, _History
of Florence_ (Eng. ed. 1902), p. 176.
[29] This seems to give the lie to the accusation of treachery, which
said that he gave the signal for flight at Meloria; but in fact it does
not, for Pisa elected Ugolino for reasons, in the hope of conciliating
Florence; cf. Villari, _op. cit._ p. 284.
[30] He knew them to be Ghibellines.
[31] It was also called _la muda_. It seems hardly necessary to refer
the reader to Dante, _Inferno_, xxxiii. 1-90. This tower (now to be
called the Tower of Hunger) was the mew of the eagles. For even as the
Romans kept wolves on the Capitol, so the Pisans kept eagles, the
Florentines lions, the Sienese a wolf. See Villani, bk. vii. 128.
Heywood, _Palio and Ponte_, p. 13, note 2.
[32] Florence here means the League, to wit, Prato, Pistoja, Siena even,
and all the allies, including the Guelphs of Romagna, who were fighting
Arezzo under Archb. Uberti, and Pisa under Archb. Ruggieri.
[33] Yet in 1290 Genoa seized Porto Pisano: "Furono allora disfatte le
torri ... il fanale e tutte."
[34] Tronci, _op. cit._ 269-271. For the _Palio_,--the name of the race
and the prize of victory, a piece of silk not too much unlike the
banners given at a modern battle of Flowers,--see Heywood, _Palio and
Ponte_, 1904, p. 12.
[35] The girdle was made of silver and jewels and silk to represent the
girdle of the B.V.M. It encircled the Duomo--a most splendid and unique
thing, only possible, I think, in Pisa. No parsimonious Florentine could
have imagined it.
[36] Now in the Museo, room 1. See page 119.
[37] Tronci, _op. cit._ 366.
[38] See Tronci, _op. cit._ 304.
[39] They imprisoned him in Lucca.
[40] Tronci, _op. cit._ p. 404.
[41] Cronaca Sanese in _Muratori_, xv. 177.
[42] Heywood, _Palio and Ponte_, p. 22.
[43] Tronci, _op. cit._ 412.
[44] A pleasing story of how these citizens found Agnello's house in
darkness and all sleeping within, of his awakened maid-servant and
frightened wife, is told in Marangoni, _Cron. di Pisa_. See _Sismondi_,
ed. Boulting (1906), p. 401.
[45] _See_ Sismondi, _op. cit._ p. 403.
[46] Cf. Sismondi, _op. cit._ p. 557.
[47] Tronci, _op. cit._ p. 18.
[48] Tronci, _op. cit._ p. 453.
[49] The print is dated 1634.
[50] For all things concerning this game and the Palio, see Heywood,
_Palio and Ponte_.
[51] Villani, _op. cit._ Bk. iv. 2. The Badia, like that of Firenze,
seems rather to have been founded by Ugo's mother, Countess Willa.
[52] Tronci, _op. cit._ p. 9.
[53] It may be as well to explain here that the Pisan Calendar differed
not only from our own but from that of other cities of Tuscany. The
Pisans reckoned from the Incarnation. The year began, therefore, on 25th
March: so did the Florentine and the Sienese year, but they reckoned
from a year after the Incarnation. The Aretines, Pistoiese, and
Cortonese followed the Pisans.
[54] Tronci, _op. cit._ p. 21.
[55] 104 yards long by 35-1/2 yards wide.
[56] Crowe and Cavalcaselle, _History of Painting in Italy_, new
edition, 1903, vol. i. pp. 185, 186.
[57] There is a miracle picture, S. Maria sotto gli Orcagni in the
Duomo. Mr. Carmichael, in his book, _In Tuscany_, gives a full account
of this picture. See also my _Italy and the Italians_, pp. 117-120.
[58] Crowe and Cavalcaselle, _op. cit._ vol. i. p. 103.
[59] Crowe and Cavalcaselle, _op. cit._ vol. i. p. 109.
[60] See below, p. 134.
[61] See _On the Old Road through France to Florence_ (Murray, 1904), in
which Mr. Carmichael wrote the Italian part. He has much pleasant
information about the bells of Pisa, p. 223.
[62] Was it here, or in the Ospedale dei Trovatelli close to S. Michele
in Borgo? cf. Tronci, p. 179.
[63] See p. 95.
[64] Crowe and Cavalcaselle, _op. cit_, vol. i. p. 146, note.
[65] See _Pisa_. da I.B. Supino, 1905, p. 43.
[66] See p. 91.
[67] Mr. Carmichael (_On the Old Road through France to Florence_, p.
224) says it must have been worth £30,000 of our money.
[68] Let me refer the reader again to Mr. William Heywood's exhaustive
work on Italian mediaeval games, _Palio and Ponte_, Methuen, 1904.
[69] See also F. Tribolati, _Il Gioco del Ponte_, Firenze, 1877, p. 5.
[70] Many of these banners are hung in the great Salone--the first room
you enter on the first floor of the Museo.
[71] All the coverings and armour are illustrated in the _Oplomachia
Pisana_ of Camillo Borghi. (Lucca, 1713.)
[72] There is a rich literature of poems and _Relazioni_, etc., on the
_Gioco del Ponte_.
[73] F. Tribolati, _Il Gioco del Ponte_, Firenze, 1877. See also
Heywood, _op. cit._ p. 136.
[74] Yet it is said that St. Peter himself came to Pisa from Antioch,
and founded the Church of S. Pietro in Grado, and consecrated Pierino
first bishop of Pisa; cf. Tronci, _op. cit._ p. 3.
[75] Tronci, _op. cit._ p. 23.
[76] He said palace, and palace it may be, for the baths are a quarter
of a mile away.
[77] So a nineteenth-century writer calls it. Leopardi, too, cannot find
words enough to express its beauty: "Questo Lung' Arno è uno spetaccolo
così bello così ampio così magnifico," etc.
[78] It was in S. Sebastiano that Ruggiero condemned Count Ugolino and
his sons.
[79] Tronci, _op. cit._ p. 30.
[80] Tronci, op. cit. p. 343.