_Whig and Tory_ (Vol. iv., pp. 57. 281.).--In addition to what has
appeared in "NOTES AND QUERIES" respecting the etymology of these terms,
I send you a note of what Lingard says on the matter:
"The celebrated party name _Tory_ is derived from _toringhim_, to
pursue for the sake of plunder. The name was given to certain parties
in Ireland, who, refusing to submit to Cromwell, retired into bogs and
fastnesses, formed bodies of armed men, supporting themselves and
their followers by the depredations which they committed on the
occupiers of their estates. They were called _Raperees_ and _Tories_."
"It was during the reign of Charles II. that the appellations of
_Whig_ and _Tory_ became permanently affixed to the two great
political parties.... The first had long been given to the Covenanters
on the west of Scotland, and was supposed to convey a charge of
seditious and anti-monarchical principles...."