LEGEND OF TROY.
Great extent and variety of the tale of Troy.—Dardanus,
son of Zeus.—Ilus, founder of Ilium.—Walls of Ilium
built by Poseidôn.—Capture of Ilium by Hêraklês.—Priam
and his offspring.—Paris—his judgment on the three
goddesses.—Carries off Helen from Sparta.—Expedition of
the Greeks to recover her.—Heroes from all parts of Greece
combined under Agamemnôn.—Achilles and Odysseus.—The Grecian
host mistakes Teuthrania for Troy—Telephus.—Detention
of the Greeks at Aulis—Agamemnon and Iphigeneia.—First
success of the Greeks on landing near Troy.—Brisêis
awarded to Achilles.—Palamêdês—his genius, and treacherous
death.—Epic chronology—historicized.—Period of the
Homeric Iliad.—Hectôr killed by Achilles.—New allies of
Troy—Penthesileia.—Memnôn—killed by Achilles.—Death of
Achilles.—Funeral games celebrated in honor of him.—Quarrel
about his panoply.—Odysseus prevails and Ajax kills
himself.—Philoktêtês and Neoptolemus.—Capture of the
Palladium.—The wooden horse.—Destruction of Troy.—Distribution of
the captives among the victors.—Helen restored to Menelaus—lives
in dignity at Sparta—passes to a happy immortality.—Blindness
and cure of the poet Stesichorus—alteration of the legend about
Helen.—Egyptian tale about Helen—tendency to historicize.—Return
of the Greeks from Troy.—Their sufferings—anger of the
gods.—Wanderings of the heroes in all directions.—Memorials of
them throughout the Grecian world.—Odysseus—his final adventures
and death.—Æneas and his descendants.—Different stories about
Æneas.—Æneadæ at Skêpsis.—Ubiquity of Æneas.—Antenôr.—Tale of
Troy—its magnitude and discrepancies.—Trojan war—essentially
legendary—its importance as an item in Grecian national
faith.—Basis of history for it—possible, and nothing
more.—Historicizing innovations—Dio Chrysostom.—Historical
Ilium.—Generally received and visited as the town of
Priam.—Respect shown to it by Alexander.—Successors of
Alexander—foundation of Alexandreia Trôas.—The Romans—treat Ilium
with marked respect.—Mythical legitimacy of Ilium—first called
in question by Dêmêtrius of Skêpsis and Hestiæa.—Supposed Old
Ilium, or real Troy, distinguished from New Ilium.—Strabo alone
believes in Old Ilium as the real Troy—other authors continue in
the old faith—the moderns follow Strabo.—The mythical faith not
shaken by topographical impossibilities.—Historical Trôas and
the Teukrians.—Æolic Greeks in the Trôad—the whole territory
gradually Æolized.—Old date, and long prevalence of the worship
of Apollo Sminthius.—Asiatic customs and religion—blended with
Hellenic.—Sibylline prophecies.—Settlements from Milêtus,
Mitylênê, and Athens. 284-340