Their son, Charles Grylls, bred to the higher department of the law,

married Agnes, daughter of Charles Tubb, Esq. and by this marriage a

very considerable property was acquired in the parish of St. Neot,

where one of the painted windows, the sixth, had been given by the

Tubbs; but where their descendant the Reverend Richard Gerveys Grylls

has, with equal taste and munificence, raised the splendid decorations

of this church to a degree of perfection exceeding that of their

original state, although they are some of the most curious and

beautiful specimens of the arts and of the piety of former times, that

have escaped the fury of passions excited by great changes in religion

and in civil government. See Mr. Hedgeland’s coloured prints of the

sixteen windows, with descriptions of each, and the life of St. Neot,

from Capgrove, 1 vol. 4to.; printed for the Author, No. 6,

Claremont-place, Brunswick-square, and sold by Nichols and Son,

Parliament-street, London, price 2_l._ 2_s._

The church, which is a fine one with a lofty tower, yet almost

obscured by trees, has a monument recording the decease of Charles

Grylls, Esq. on the 2d of March 1612, and of Alice his wife on the

13th of June 1607.

Their son, John Grylls, took a part in the Civil War, as indeed every

Cornish gentleman was obliged to do, on one side or the other; for in

Cornwall, which might well have been conjectured likely to remain

almost free from actual conflicts, two considerable armies were routed

in pitched battles, and two still larger were forced to capitulate.

This gentleman was knighted by King Charles the First on the field of

battle. He married Grace, daughter and coheiress of William Bear, Esq.

A monument in Lanreath church testifies that he was buried there on

the 30th day of September 1649.

Their eldest son, Charles, resided on his estate in this parish, and

married a lady of the family of Mahon.

John, his son and heir, resided also at Court; he married Elizabeth,

daughter and sole heiress of Richard Gerveys, Esq.

Charles, their eldest son, married Mary, daughter of Edmund Spoure,

Esq. of Trebartha, but died without issue. This gentleman sold the

manor of Lanreath, with the barton of Court and the advowson of the

living appended, to Mr. Buller, of Morval. His brother, the Reverend

Richard Grylls, held the living till his decease in 1735; and

succeeded his elder brother as heir of the family property.

His son, Richard Grylls, settled at Helston, where he married

Cordelia, daughter, and eventually heiress, of Thomas Glynn, Esq.

descended from the Glynns, of Glynn.

Their son is the Reverend Richard Gerveys Grylls. It would be

presumptuous in the Editor to attempt any particular praise of this

gentleman, universally esteemed and respected.

The manor of Botelett is stated by Mr. Lysons to have belonged at an

early period to the family of Botreaux, the last of whom, Lord

Botreaux, died in the year 1462, leaving an only daughter, who married

Robert Lord Hungerford.

It has in more recent times belonged to the families of Roberts and

Treville. It became divided by coheiresses of the latter between

Trelawny and Cross; and the latter half has passed to the family of

Lethbridge in Somersetshire. The manor of Treyer is also stated by Mr.

Lysons to have been the joint property of Rashleigh and Glynn; but in

consequence of an exchange to be now Mr. Glynn’s solely; and that

Trewen, a seat of the Dandys, and Trecan, a seat of the Lowers, are

now farm-houses.

Lanreath measures 4358 statute acres.

Annual value of the Real Property, as £. _s._ _d._

returned to Parliament in 1815 3110 0 0

Poor Rate in 1831 485 8 0

Population, {in 1801, | in 1811, | in 1821, | in 1831,

{ 478 | 548 | 629 | 651

giving an increase of 36 per cent. in 30 years.

Present Rector, the Rev. Stephen Puddicombe, presented

by John Buller, Esq. in 1827.

GEOLOGY, BY DR. BOASE.

This parish is entirely situated within the calcareous series; its

rocks are similar to those of Boconnock and Duloe.

[10] Mr. Grills dying in 1735, has been succeeded by Mr.

Heal Trelawney, on the presentation of Mr. Butler.

The parish is printed Laurayton in the Taxatio Ecclesiastica

Papæ Nicholai; but the u and n may have been easily mistaken

in the manuscript.

It is rated in the Taxation 6_l._ 6_s._ 8_d._ Decimæ 12_s._

8_d._

[11] Carew says, p. 125 of Lord Dunstanville’s edition,

Richard de Seriseaux ten 3 parv. feod. de Mort. in

Lanrethan, Kilgather, et Lansalwys. THE EDITOR.

LANSALLOS.

HALS.

The manuscript relating to this parish is lost.

TONKIN.

Lansallos is in the hundred of West, and hath to the west Lanteglos

juxta Fowey, to the north and east Pelynt and Tallant, to the south

the English Channel.

This church is a rectory, valued in the King’s book at 18_l._ The

patronage in Thomas Long, Esq. as heir to the Speccots. The incumbent

Cummin.[12] The church was valued for Pope Nicholas in 1291 at 5_l._

6_s._ 8_d._ and the tenths 10_s._ 8_d._ under the name of Lansalewys,

having never been appropriated.

Richard de Seriseaux held (3 Henry IV.) three small fees de Mort. in

Lanrethon, Kilgather, et Lansalwys. (See Carew, p. 125, Lord de

Dunstanville’s edition, quoted in Lanreath). But however this may be,

it is quite certain that the family of Boligh had been possessed of

property here long before that time, for here lived John Boligh, who

married the daughter of Killigarth. He was succeeded by his eldest son

William Boligh, who by Avice, the daughter of Richard Pentine, had

issue a son, of his own name, which last William, by Isabel, the

daughter of William Bodrigan, afterwards married to Ralph Vivian, had

issue one sole daughter and heir, married to John Kelliow, who brought

with her this manor, which continued the principal seat of this

family, although they have sometimes lived at Lanleke in South

Pederwyn, and sometimes at Rosesilian in St. Blazey. Here they

flourished in good esteem, having married the heiresses of Leveddon,

Trehawke, and Trefusis of Landew, and matched into several

considerable families of this county, until such time as Christopher

Kelliow, of Lanlake, Esq. having first mortgaged it to pay the debts

of the family, at last sold the property outright to John Speccot, of

Penheale, Esq.; and this is gone with the rest, or with the major part

of Col. Speccot’s estate, as he devised it by will, to Thomas Long, of

Penheale, Esq. who is the present lord of this manor.

The arms of Kelliow, Or, a chevron between two cinquefoils and a

mullet pierced Sable.

This manor is one of those given by William the Conqueror to the Earl

of Morton.

THE EDITOR.

This church is situated on very high ground; and one of the stations

for the great trigonometrical survey was chosen immediately by it.

When the latitude and longitude were determined, latitude, 50° 20′

25.7″; longitude, 4° 32′ 45.7″; in time, 18m. 11s. west of Greenwich.

Besides the church town, this parish contains three villages,

Tregavethick, Tregou, and Trenewan.

The manor of Lansallas has been traced by Mr. Tonkin to Mr. Thomas

Long, of Penheale.

Mr. Long left three daughters, as has been noticed under Egloskerry.

One of these ladies married Mr. Charles Phillipps, of Camelford,

Lieutenant-Colonel of the Cornwall Militia, and Member for Camelford.

Neither of the sisters had any family; and on a division of the

property, this manor came to Mr. Phillipps, who left it jointly to his

two brothers, Jonathan Phillipps, a Captain in the Militia, and the

Reverend William Phillipps, Rector of Lanteglos by Camelford. The

former gave his share of this manor to his sister’s daughter, married

to her relation Mr. Winsloe, directing them to take the name of

Phillipps; the latter gave his portion to his sister’s son, Mr. John

Phillipps Carpenter, of Mount Tavy, from whom the shares have

respectively descended to Thomas Phillipps, Esq. of Landue, and to

John Carpenter, Esq. of Mount Tavy.

Mr. Lysons mentions the manor of Raphel, formerly Rathwell, which

belonged to the family of Hywis, and was sold to Speccot; and has

followed the great manor of Lansallas, to which the rectory is

appended.

The manor of Tregavithick belonged to the family of Avery, but has

been purchased by the Rev. Joshua Howell.

The manor of Polvethan belongs to Mr. Rashleigh, of Menabilly.

The most remarkable place, situated partly in this parish, is

Polperro, a small town lying on a cove, rendered secure for coasting

vessels by a double pier, and affording an admirable staking for the

fisheries. It was also distinguished for a precarious trade,

occasionally heaping great wealth on individuals, but in general

taking it away more rapidly than it accumulated.

Hinc apicem rapax

Fortuna, cum stridore acuto

Sustulit, hic posuisse gaudet.

Quem dies vidit veniens superbum,

Hunc dies vidit fugiens jacentem.

This is, however, at an end, or greatly diminished. The situation of

the place is romantic and wild, so that an excursion from Fowey, along

the cliffs to Looe, through Polperro, is one of the most interesting

on the whole coast of Cornwall.

This parish measures 2774 statute acres.

Annual value of the Real Property, as £. _s._ _d._

returned to Parliament in 1815 3218 0 0

Poor Rate in 1831 616 18 0

Population, {in 1801, | in 1811, | in 1821, | in 1831,

{ 847 | 804 | 880 | 884

giving an increase of little more than 4 per cent. in 30

years.

Present Rector, the Rev. William Rawlins, jun. instituted

in 1822; son of the Vicar of Padstow.

THE GEOLOGY, BY DR. BOASE.

The rocks of this parish belong to the calcareous series. A little

north-west of the church a copper mine has been worked; among the

rubbish of which a fine blue slate is very abundant, but which appears

to differ from the rocks at the surface, merely by those having

acquired a red colour from further oxidation of the iron. The strata

near the coast dip landward at an angle of about 45°, being broken

here and there by narrow gorges, through which the rivulets flow into

the sea. At Polperro the scenery is very fine; and the narrow entrance

into the harbour, which seems to indicate some great catastrophe, is

an object of much interest to the speculative geologist.

[12] Died in 1730, or a few years afterwards.

LANTEGLOS, JUXTA CAMELFORD.

HALS.

The manuscript relating to this parish is lost.

TONKIN.

Lanteglos by Camelford is situate in the hundred of Lesnewith; and

hath to the west St. Teath; to the north Tintagell; to the east

Davidstow; to the south Advent alias St. Anne, and Michaelstow.

This parish is a rectory, valued in the King’s Book, together with

Advent, at 34_l._ 11_s._ 2_d._ The patronage in the Duke of Cornwall.

The incumbent Dr. Lombard.

This parish is wholly within the manor of Helstone in Trigg, so termed

to distinguish it from that in the west called Helstone in Kerrier,

they both having the same lord, that is the Duke of Cornwall. This

parish is now said to be in the hundred of Lesnewith; yet formerly,

when the three northern hundreds of Trigg, Lesnewith, and Stratton

composed but two, Trigg Major and Trigg Minor, it was in the hundred

of Trigg Minor, in which deanery it is still reckoned as to the

ecclesiastical jurisdiction.

The manor takes its name from its once chief place, though now but a

village, about a mile to the west of Camelford. Here, I suppose, the

Duke had a castle; for there were two parks, which, though now

disparked, do still retain the name. They are adjoining to this

village; the one called the Deer Park, and the other Hellesbury Park,

the walls of which are still standing; and the latter of the two is of

large extent, formerly well wooded, and watered by the river Alan,

being a place exceedingly well fitted for country sports; and no

doubt, when the Earls of Cornwall held their Court at Tintagel Castle,

this place was in much repute, not being five miles distant from it.

These two parks are now held by a lease of three lives from the Duke

of Cornwall, by Mr. Nicholas Dennithorne of St. Agnes.

I next come to the town of Camelford, so called from the ford here

over the Alan; “called also,” saith Mr. Camden, “Comb Alan and Camel

from its winding channel, for Cam with them implies as much.”

At the head of this river Alan is seated Camelford, otherwise written

Galleford,―― a little village, formerly called Kambton, in the opinion

of Leland, who tells us that Arthur, the British Hector, was slain

here. For, as he adds, pieces of armour, rings, and brass furniture

for horses, are sometimes digged up here by the countrymen; and, after

so many ages, the tradition of a bloody victory in this place is still

preserved. There are also extant some verses of a middle age poet,

about “Camels” running with blood after the battle of Arthur against

Mordred.

In the mean time, not to deny the truth of this story concerning

Arthur, I have read in Marianus, mentioned also in the Saxon

Chronicle, of a bloody battle here between the Britons and Saxons in

the year 820, so that the place may seem to be sacred to Mars. And if

it be true that Arthur was killed here, the same shore both gave him

his first breath and deprived him of his last. Harrison also saith,

that to this day men that do eare (till) the ground there, do oft

plough up bones of a large size, and great store of armour; or else it

may be (as I rather conjecture) that the Romans had some field or

castra there about, for not long since (and in the remembrance of men)

a brass pot full of Roman coins was found there, as I have often

heard.

To these Mr. Carew adds (p. 288, Lord de Dunstanville’s edition)

“Camelford, a market and fair, but not fair town, fetcheth his

derivation from the river Camel, which runneth through it, and that

from the Cornish word Cam, in English crooked, as Cam from the often

winding stream. The same is incorporated with a mayoralty, and nameth

burgesses to Parliament; yet steppeth little before the meanest sort

of boroughs for store of inhabitants, or the inhabitants’ store. Upon

the river of Camel, near to Camelford, was that last dismal battle

stricken between the noble King Arthur and his treacherous nephew

Mordred, wherein the one took his death, and the other his

death-wound. For testimony whereof, the old folk thereabouts will shew

you a stone, bearing Arthur’s name, though now depraved to Atry.” Then

follows what is before quoted out of Mr. Camden.

Mr. Willis, in his Notitia Parliamentaria, says, Camelford was created

a borough by Richard Earl of Cornwall, who, when King of the Romans,

by his charter made this place a free borough, and granted the

burgesses a Friday market, and a fair on the eve, day, and morrow of

St. Swithin, all which liberties were confirmed by his brother King

Henry the Third, by his charter, dated at Westminster June the 12th,

1259, and in the 44th year of his reign, as appears from an inspeximus

in Queen Mary’s time, of confirmation of liberties to Camelford, in

whose reign this poor borough was encouraged to send burgesses to

Parliament, which it had begun to do in the preceding reign of Edward

the Sixth. The present charter of incorporation is said to be granted

by King Charles the First; and the manor of the borough to be held by

the corporation of the duchy of Cornwall to which it belongs. It is

governed by a mayor and eight burgesses or aldermen, who with ten

freemen, elect the members of Parliament.

The corporation, which is doubtless ancient, enjoys the tolls of the

markets and fairs, with an estate also of 15_l._ per annum, which

helps to support the dignity of otherwise a very mean magistracy. All

these revenues are reputed worth about 80_l._ per annum. The seal of

arms pretended to by this town, seems to be in imitation of the device

of Oxford, for as the arms of that city are an ox passant over a

river, so this has a camel.[13]

Here is only one street of ordinary building, of not above fifty or

sixty houses, all of which are in the parish of Lanteglos; to the

church of which place, distant about a mile, the inhabitants repair to

hear divine service. There was formerly a chapel, which is reported to

have been converted into a dwelling-house: it is not known to what

saint this chapel was dedicated.

Dodridge’s History of the Duchy of Cornwall tells us, that the chief

rent payable to the said Duchy by this borough, is 4_l._ 5_s._ 4_d._

THE EDITOR.

The manor of Helston in Trigg is of very considerable extent. Mr.

Lysons says, that the ancient site or barton of the manor is supposed

to have been at Michaelstow Beacon, called St. Syth’s, where vestiges

remain of a camp. Besides the town of Camelford, this parish abounds

in villages: Fenterwarson, Fooda, Helston, Trefrew, Treegoodwell,

Tremagenna, Trevia, and Trewalder.

At Fentonwoon in this parish was born Capt. Wallis, celebrated for his

voyage round the world and the discovery of Otaheite.

The right of voting for members of Parliament having been declared by

a Committee of the House of Commons, reported on the 10th of November

1796, “to be in the freemen, being inhabitants and paying scot and

lot; and that the capital burgessess as such, have not the right;” it

became important to acquire as much as possible of the property within

the borough to secure political influence; and after various sales and

transfers, Lord Darlington at last succeeded in acquiring the whole.

The civil corporation hold the manor, mentioned by Mr. Tonkin to have

been given by Charles the First, in the capacity of lord of the manor;

but the freemen are persons presented by the homage in the Lord’s

Court. It is almost needless to add that, when the whole property came

into a single hand, and that residence with the payment of scot and

lot were requisite to complete the power of voting in one presented by

the homage, the Borough became what is well understood by the term

“quite close,” and that it continued so till its extinction in 1832,

since which the property has been sold in parcels.

When Mr. Thomas Pitt, of Boconnock, received in 1784 the grant of an

hereditary seat in Parliament, and it became necessary, according to

the established custom, to create an imaginary office for the purpose

of bestowing on him a new appellation, Camelford was feigned to be a

barony.

Mr. Macpherson, the author, editor, or paraphraser of Ossian,

represented this borough in several Parliaments. This gentleman made a

considerable figure in his day, and excited universal attention,

chiefly from his publishing what are called the Poems of Ossian. He is

now perhaps best remembered by his correspondence with Doctor Johnson,

who argued with the force always exerted by his mighty genius, against

the authenticity of this work; and Mr. Macpherson, probably unable to

meet the reasoning, attempted to establish his case by recurring to a

practice almost as obsolete as the achievements of his supposed

heroes, which was by reviving the ordeal or wager of battle, as the

best mode of ascertaining truth; and with this view, according to the

modern phrase, he wrote a challenge to Doctor Johnson, and obtained

the following answer:

“Mr. James Macpherson,

“I have received your foolish and impudent letter. Any violence

offered me I shall do my best to repel; and what I cannot do for

myself, the law shall do for me. I hope I never shall be deterred

from detecting what I think a cheat by the menaces of a ruffian.

What would you have me retract? I thought your book an imposture,

and I think so still. For this opinion I have given my reasons to

the public, which I here dare you to refute. Your rage I defy.

Your abilities, since your Homer, are not so formidable; and what

I hear of your morals, inclines me to pay regard, not to what you

shall say, but to what you shall prove.

“You may print this if you will. SAM. JOHNSON.”

The living was held for many years by the Rev. William Phillipps, whom

the Editor recollects residing at Camelford, and universally respected

for his placid manners and benevolent disposition. A handsome monument

has been placed to his memory in the church, by John Phillipps

Carpenter, Esq. of Mount Tavy, his nephew and devisee, which records

his decease on the 20th day of April 1794, aged 70.

Mr. Phillipps’s immediate predecessor was Daniel Lombard, Doctor of

Divinity, son of a Protestant clergyman in France, one of those who

were constrained to abandon their country by the persecution raised in

the name of Lewis the Fourteenth, by a Jesuite Confessor to the King

and his mistress, the widow of a buffoon. He received the early part

of his education at the Merchant-Taylors’ School in London, and

proceeded from thence to St. John’s College, Oxford, where he obtained

a fellowship, and took his degree of Doctor in Divinity. But Lombard

never assimilated himself to the manners nor the society of England.

He spent much time abroad, and especially in Germany, where he became

known either to King George the Second, or, what is more probable, as

a scholar and a divine to Queen Caroline: from them he obtained this

living.

In Germany he most fortunately became acquainted also, with a Cornish

gentleman, then serving with distinction in the army, but

distinguished still more by his abilities, learning, and taste. This

gentleman (Mr. Gregor) frequently received Doctor Lombard at

Trewarthenick, and carried on with him a correspondence on literary

subjects, which is still preserved, and appears to have been his chief

friend and main support in a situation of complete banishment from all

other associates of his studies or of his amusements; for it appears,

from one of his letters, that in former times, he had been admitted a

member of what would now be termed a club, with several branches of

the reigning family at a German court.

All accounts agree in representing Doctor Lombard as a man of profound

ecclesiastical and school learning; but at the same time wholly

unacquainted with the ways of the world in which he was destined to

live, or with the discoveries of modern science. Innumerable anecdotes

were current about him half a century ago; of these two may serve as

specimens.

He proceeded from London to take possession of his parish, mounted on

one horse himself and his servant on another, driving a third laden

with such articles as appeared to be indispensible in a country where

he supposed nothing could be procured; thus attended, he followed the

great road, then passing through Camelford, but inquiring in a foreign

accent for Lan-te-glos juxta Camèl-ford, he proceeded nearly to the

Land’s End without obtaining the least information as to where his

parish lay.

The other evinces that he had not condescended to pay any attention to

the general classifications of Natural History, although Aristotle or

Pliny might have communicated a sufficient store of knowledge in

respect to animals, without his recurring to modern authors. Having

observed a hen surrounded by a large brood of chickens, Doctor Lombard

expressed his utter astonishment and surprise that so small an animal

could possibly afford milk in sufficient quantity for the sustenance

of such a numerous offspring.

He died at Camelford Dec. 14, 1746; and left a valuable library for

the use of his successors.

This parish measures 3562 statute acres.

Annual value of the Real Property, as £. _s._ _d._

returned to Parliament in 1815 4,141 0 0

Poor Rate in 1831 662 14 0

Population, {in 1801, | in 1811, | in 1821, | in 1831,

{ 912 | 1100 | 1256 | 1359

giving an increase of 49 per cent. in 30 years.

Present Rector, the Rev. Coryndon Luxmoore, presented

in 1794, by the Prince of Wales.

GEOLOGY, BY DR. BOASE.

This parish no where rests on granite, although it approaches very

near to it. Its southern part is composed of massive schistose rocks

like those of Advent, and is also traversed by beds of elvan, which

very nearly resemble granite. Its northern part consists of rocks of

the calcareous series, among which are slates of an excellent quality

for roofing.

[13] The device used for arms by the City of Oxford, has

evidently been derived from a corruption of Ouse Ford into

Oxford, which has also given rise to the tale of the Empress

Matilda escaping from thence on an Ox’s back.

The Saxons or Normans, unacquainted with the Celtic

language, mistook cam or camel for the name of an animal of

which they had read in the Gospels.

LANTEGLOS, JUXTA FOWEY.

HALS.

The manuscript relating to this parish is lost.

TONKIN.

Lanteglos, near Fowey, is situate in the hundred of West; and hath to

the west Fowey Harbour, to the north St. Veep, to the east Plynt and

Lansallas, to the south the English Channel.

It is a vicarage, valued in the King’s books at 14_l._ 7_s._ 6_d._ The

patronage in Mr. Thomas Pitt (late Mohun). The incumbent was the Rev.

Mr. Henry Sutton, lately deceased.

The first place of note in this parish is the manor of Hall. Hall

signifies a moor, as Mr. Carew truly observes; and so by its situation

it seemeth formerly to have been. This place was for many generations

the seat of the Fitz-Williams, a family of special note in this

county. Gervasius filius Willielmi Fitz-William, held five knights’

fees in the reign of Richard the First.

Robertus, filius Willielmi Fitz-William, impotens Miles, Coronator

Domini Regis, (Carew, p. 139, Lord Dunstanville’s edition, Edw. II.

A.D. 1324), an office much regarded in those days.

Sir John, son of William Fitz-William, and Robert, I believe his

brother, were two of those who held 20_l._ per annum of land as rent

or more, 25 Edward I.; and had summons to attend the king in parts

beyond the sea.

Sir John Fitz-William, mentioned above, had only one daughter and

heir, Elizabeth, married to Reginald de Mohun, fourth son to John Lord

Mohun, of Dunster Castle in Somersetshire, whereof some of his

ancestors had been Lords, which John Lord Mohun died in the fourth

year of Edward the Third, leaving his grandson John de Mohun his heir;

so that I take John de Mohun, named among the knights 17 Edward the

Second, to be the same with him married to Elizabeth Fitz-William, and

the dates agree.

They say that this Sir Reginald de Mohun, coming into Fowey harbour

with a company of soldiers bound for Ireland, landing there, let fly a

hawk at some game, which killed it in the garden of Hall, where Sir

John Mohun going for his hawk, and being a very handsome personable

young gentleman (qualities which his descendants retained to the last)

the young lady fell in love with him; and having a great fortune, the

match was soon made up between them by the consent of their friends on

both sides. I shall add no more of this place, than that it continued

to be the chief seat of the Mohuns till the reign of King Charles the

First, when they removed to Boconnock; some time after which, Warwick

Lord Mohun sold the barton only to Mr. Kekewich, whose seat it has

been ever since. Peter Kekewich, Esq. his son, took to wife the

daughter of William Williams, of Bodenick; and dying soon after 1720,

left a son, now residing at Hall. The arms of Kekewich are, Argent,

two lions in bend passant Sable, cotised Gules. The arms of

Fitz-William were, Or, three bends Azure.

The manor of Hall continued in the family of Mohun till the general

sale to Mr. Pitt; and Mr. Thomas Pitt is the present lord of this

manor.

Hall, from its pleasant situation, has been called View Hall; but as

this was an addition of latter years, so is it now lost, and the place

has returned to its ancient plain name. Mr. Carew hath a long

description of the walk here (P. 310), which is still in being, but

much neglected; and also of a remarkable fagot, or rather a piece of

wood, belonging to the Earls of Devon, and carefully kept here; but

this fagot is, I suppose, now lost. There is but little left of the

old house, which I believe was destroyed in the Civil Wars, which may

have inclined the Lord Mohun to part with it.

Under Hall, and adjoining to it, is Bodenick; that is, the house on

the water, suitable to its situation. It is but an indifferent place,

consisting of one long street on a very steep hill, through which is

the highway, and at the bottom of it the passage over the river to

Fowey. There is but one good house in the place, and in that the late

Mr. William Williams lived, and got a good estate by merchandizing.

The manor of Lamellin, that is the Mill Place, from a mill there, lies

on the side of a creek between Bodenick and Polruan. “At the head of

this little Pill,” says Leland, is a chapel of St. Wilow, and by it is

a place called Lamellin, lately belonging to Lamelin, now to Trelawney

by heir general. John Trelawney, of Pool, Esq. married Margery, only

daughter and heir of Thomas Lamellin, Esq. ever since which this manor

hath been in this family, who some time resided here. The present lord

of this manor being Sir John Trelawney, Baronet.

The arms of Lamellin were, Argent, a bull’s head passant Sable, the

horns and hoofs Or.

THE EDITOR.

The church is situated between hills, and therefore but little seen;

it contains monuments to the Mohuns and to others. It was rated in the

valuation of Pope Nicholas at 10_l._ 13_s._ 4_d._

There is a popular tradition, that in the year 1644, just before the

surrender of the infantry commanded by Lord Essex, King Charles the

First was walking on the terrace at Hall, described by Mr. Carew, when

a shot was fired, which missed him, but killed a fisherman almost by

his side. The tradition adds, of course, that the ball was aimed at

the King by some one who knew him, but that must be uncertain.

Polruan, a place in this parish, having some pretensions still to be

called a town, has been wholly omitted by Mr. Tonkin, and probably was

so by Mr. Hals, from whose work the greater part of Mr. Tonkin’s

manuscript is copied. This place is without doubt of great antiquity;

and seems in former times, when vessels required much less depth of

water than they do at present, to have been the principal station in

Fowey harbour. Pol means exactly the same as the English word pool,

and may possibly be the original theme; Ruan has been ascertained in

several instances to signify Roman. Polruan is, therefore, in all

probability, the Roman pool or haven. This place, with a small

district round it, forming in some respects a hamlet within the parish

of Lanteglos, shared in the elective franchise of Fowey, where all

residents paying scot and lot were entitled to vote till the act of

1832 swept it all away.

Tales are related of Polruan having been an independent corporate

town, and of its having sent Members to Parliament, while Fowey was a

mere village; but such traditions are prevalent in all places under

similar circumstances, and they have not here any sanction whatever

from authentic sources.

In the Taxatio Ecclesiastica Papæ Nicholai, the three adjacent

parishes, printed Lansalewys, Lanteglos, and St. Wepy, have this,

App’a. Hosp. de Brugg. want.; and Mr. Lysons states, that this church

was given by Robert de Boyton, in the reign of Edward the First, to

the hospital of _St. James_ at Bridgewater.

The name is inadvertently wrong; for in the Valor Ecclesiasticus, 26

Henry VIII. preserved in the Augmentation Office, is the following

entry in the return from the Hospitale _Sancti Johannis_ de

Brugwalter.

Lanteglos, rector 20_l._

The great tithes and the presentation to the vicarage, came into the

possession of the Mohuns, and were sold with their other property to

Pitt.

There is also extant the appropriation of this church to the hospital

by Peter Quiril, Bishop of Exeter from 1280 to 1292.

“Omnibus, &c. Petrus miseratione divina Exon. Episcopus salutem, &c.

Ecclesiam de Lanteglos, juxta Fawy, cum capella S. Salvatoris, juribus

et pertinentiis omnibus; quæ quidem ecclesia cum prædicta capella de

advocatione Magistri et Fratrum prædicti Hospitalis existit; præfatis

Magistro et Fratribus ac eorum successoribus, ad pauperum et

infirmorum sustentationem, capituli nostri prædicti unanimi accedente

consensu, appropriamus, &c.

“Dat. Exon, in crastino S. Marcæ Evangelistæ, anno gratiæ MCCLXXXIIII

et consecrationis nostræ anno quarto.”

Lanteglos by Fowey measures 2773 statute acres.

Annual value of the Real Property, as £. _s._ _d._

returned to Parliament in 1815 4146 0 0

Poor Rate in 1831 548 13 0

Population, {in 1801, | in 1811, | in 1821, | in 1831,

{ 678 | 859 | 973 | 1208

giving an increase of 78 per cent. in 30 years.

Present Vicar, the Rev. W. Hocker, instituted in 1806.

GEOLOGY, BY DOCTOR BOASE.

The geology of this parish is the same as that of the southern part of

the parish of Fowey.

LANCELLS, LAUNCELLS, LAWNCELLS.

HALS.

The manuscript relating to this parish is lost.

TONKIN.

Lancells is situate in the hundred of Stratton, having to the west

Stratton, to the north Kilkhampton, to the east the river Tamar,

running between it and Devonshire, to the south Marham church and

Bridgerule. This church is so called from its being a cell to the

abbey of Hartland in Devonshire. The patronage in Paul Orchard, Esq.

by purchase from Francis Basset, Esq.

It is a vicarage valued in the King’s Book at 10_l._ 10_s._ 8_d._

The incumbent, Mr. Thomas, brother-in-law to Mr. Paul Orchard.

In 1291, 20th of Edward I. this church was valued for Pope Nicholas at

7_l._ 15_s._ for the rectory, 15_s._ for the vicarage, and 15_s._

6_d._ for the tenths; it being then appropriated to the abbey of

Hartland, as was

The manor of Lancells. After the dissolution of Hartland abbey, this

estate came to Sir John Chamond, who made it his chief residence. Mr.

Carew says, he was a man learned in the common law, and knighted at

the Sepulchre (that is of our Saviour at Jerusalem). He had a park of

fallow deer at this place, which Norden notices, as I suppose the

abbats of Hartland had before him. It seems to have been to Sir John

Chamond a country seat and a place of retirement. He was Sheriff of

Cornwall in the 20th year of Henry VIII. and again in the 28th year.

His son, Richard Chamond, Esq. was three times Sheriff of Cornwall,

35th of Henry VIII. 2d of Edward VI. and 4th of Elizabeth. He

received, says Mr. Carew, at God’s hands, an extraordinary favour of

long life. He served the office of a justice of the peace almost sixty

years; he knew above fifty several judges of the western circuit. He

was uncle and great-uncle to at least three hundred; wherein yet his

uncle and neighbour, Master Greynville, parson of Kilkhampton, did

exceed him. He married one of the daughters and heirs of Trevenner,

and by her saw five sons and two daughters, the youngest oustepping

forty years.

This Mr. Chamond was knight of the shire 14th Elizabeth, as also

before in the 2d and 3d of Philip and Mary.

He had an elder brother, called Thomas, whose two daughters and heirs

carried part of the lands to Tripcony and Trevanion, with whom they

matched. Master Chamond beareth, Argent, a chevron between three

flowers-de-luce Gules. And so far Mr. Carew; where note that part of

the lands so carried off, contained those in the parish of St. Gorran,

lately in the possession of Charles Trevanion, of Tregarthyn, Esq.

THE EDITOR.

Here was a cell of Austin Canons, dependent on the abbey of Hartland,

distant from it but a few miles, although in the county of Devon.

The following entries are found in the Augmentation Office, in the

roll 32d Henry VIII.:

_Payment from Lancells to the Abbey of Hartland._

£. _s._ _d._

Lancells――Redd’ liber’ ten’ 5 18 4

Custum’ ten’ 16 8 5¾

Perquis’ cur’ 0 1 3

£22 8 0¾

Nothing seems to be known about the foundation of this small religious

establishment.

Hartland is said to have been founded before the Conquest, for secular

priests, by Githa, the wife of Earl Godwin; but in the time of King

Henry the Second, Geoffrey de Dinam, by the authority of that King,

and of Bartholomew Bishop of Exeter, and by the assistance of Richard

Archdeacon of Poictiers, changed the establishment of Seculars into an

abbey of Austin Canons.

The patronage of this abbey remained in the family of the founder,

Geoffrey de Dinam, till the general dissolution; and the abbats were

accordingly named alternately by Fitzwarren, by Touche, by Carew, and

by Arundell, in consequence of their having married the four daughters

and coheiresses of the founder.

Mr. Lysons gives a very ample detail of the descent of property in

this parish.

The barton of Lancells was leased by King Henry VIII. to John Chamond,

and became the seat of that family. The freehold has been for a

considerable time in the family of Orchard. It is now the seat by

lease of Mr. Joseph Hawkey, in right of his wife, widow of the Rev.

Cadwallader Jones.

The manor of Norton Rolle has the bailiffry of the hundred of Stratton

annexed as an appendage.

This manor has passed from the Rolls to Trefusis.

The manor of Yellow Leigh is the property and the residence of Mrs.

Mary Harris.

The manor of Thorlibear belonged to the Arundells of Trerice, and has

passed by inheritance to Acland.

The manor of Mitchell Morton, extending into several other parishes,

belonged to a family of Smith, and became divided among coheiresses.

Two thirds, having passed through different hands by purchase, became

the property of Wrey J’Ans, Esq. and have descended to his daughters.

The remaining third, with the barton and the advowson of the living,

having been for many years in the family of Orchard, now belong to the

Reverend F. H. Morrison, heir of the late Mr. Paul Orchard.

Tre Yeo, said to have been the ancient seat of the Yeos, is now the

property and residence of Robert Kingdon, Esq.

The church stands in a vale, about a mile and a half from Stratton. It

has a handsome marble altar-piece and several monuments; one of

considerable size, and decorated, to the memory of John Chamond, who

died in 1624.

Scarcely any traces are to be seen of Lancells House, the splendid

residence of the Chamonds.

This parish measures 5610 statute acres.

Annual value of the Real Property, as £. _s._ _d._

returned to Parliament in 1815 3920 0 0

Poor Rate in 1831 637 13 0

Population, {in 1801, | in 1811, | in 1821, | in 1831,

{ 647 | 672 | 891 | 848

giving an increase of 31 per cent. in 30 years.

Present Vicar, the Rev. Henry Bourchier Wrey, presented

by L. W. Buck, Esq. in 1825.

GEOLOGY, BY DR. BOASE.

This parish is situated entirely on the dunstone of the northern parts

of Cornwall and Devon; for a more particular account of which,

reference has already been given under the head of Boyton.

LANCESTON, OR LAUNCESTON,

ST. MARY MAGDALEN PARISH.

HALS.

The manuscript relating to Lanceston is lost.

TONKIN.

Lanceston is situated in the hundred of East, and is bounded to the

south by South Pederwyn, as likewise to the west, to the north by St.

Thomas, to the east by St. Stephan’s and Lawhitton.

It is well known that this town and parish took their name from an

ancient priory and church here, now demolished, dedicated to St.

Stephan, being called by the Cornish Lan Stephadon, the church of

Stephan.

The present church is dedicated to St. Mary Magdalen, and is not

valued in the King’s Book.

As for what Mr. Carew says, that the Cornish men called it Lesteeven,

that is no other than an abbreviation of Lan Stephan.

But before I go on with the account of this town and parish, it will

be necessary to observe, that, although Norden (whose authority is

indeed of no great weight, even in the description of those things

which he had seen himself, and gives draughts of, which for the most

part are very erroneous) with many others, call this town, or rather

castle, here Dunhevet; yet it is most certain that the ancient town of

Dunhevet stood at about half a mile distance to the south-south-west

of the present town of Lanceston, in a moorish piece of ground facing

the west, at the bottom of the hill on which Mr. Samuel Line has built

his pleasure house and inclosed a bowling-green, (from whence is a

very pretty prospect of the vale under it to the east, and the course

of the river Tamar) being parcel of the commons belonging to the

freemen of Lanceston. I went on purpose to view the ruins of the said

town this present year 1731, having before this been led aside by the

vulgar opinion, of which every boy I found in the town could satisfy

me to the contrary. On the place where the said ruins appear are three

wells, which I suppose are from the same spring, being pretty close

together; and are, (as I take it) the head of that small river which

runs by Tresmorrow, Lanleke, Landew, &c. below which it hath a

handsome stone bridge, and soon after falls into the Tamar. So that

the said town had, in this respect, the advantage of the new one, as

being well supplied with water, which is much wanting in this last. By

the ruins it doth not appear to have been of very considerable

bigness; though indeed there be no judging well of it, by reason that

all the stones of any value have been from time to time carried off to

build the present town, and the rest employed to make small inclosures

of meadows there.

This place fell to decay, I suppose, on William Earl of Morton

building a castle, or rather repairing the old one and putting it in

the present form, in the beginning of the Norman times; for, by

tradition, this castle has been, from remote antiquity, a seat of the

Princes of Cornwall. This William Earl of Morton being also Earl of

Cornwall by descent from his father Robert, who was half-brother by

his mother to William the Conqueror, drew over the inhabitants of

Dunhevet to this place, by granting great privileges to this his chief

seat in this county.

But before we go on with the history of this town, let us see what

Leland, Camden, and Carew say of it.

Leland.――“After that I had passed over Aterey, I went up by the hill

through the long suburbs until I came to the town wall and gate, and

so passed through the town, ascending the hill until I came to the

very top of it, where be the market-place and the parish church of St.

Stephan, lately re-edified. The large and ancient castle of Launceston

standeth on the knappe of the hill by south, a little from the parish

church. Much of this castle yet standeth; and the moles that the keep

standeth on are large, and of a terrible height; and the arx of it

having three several wards, is the strongest, but not the biggest,

that ever I saw in any ancient work in England. There is a little

pirle of water that serveth the high part of Launceston. The priory of

Launceston standeth in the south-west part of the suburb of the town,

under the root of the hill by a fair wood side; and through this wood

runneth a pirle of water coming out of a hill thereby, and serveth all

the offices of the place. In the church I marked two notable tombs,

one of Prior Horton and another of Prior Stephan; one also told me

that Mabilia, a countess, was buried there in the chapter house; one

William Warwist, Bishop of Excester, erected this priory, and was

afterwards buried at Plympton priory, that he also erected. Warwist,

for the erection of Launceston priory, suppressed the collegiate

church of St. Stephan, having Prebendaries; and gave the best part of

the lands to Launceston priory, and took the residue himself. There

yet standeth a church of St. Stephan, about half a mile from

Launceston, on a hill, where the collegiate church was. Gawen Carew

hath the custody of the priory. There is also a chapel by

west-north-west, a little out of Launceston, dedicated to St.

Catharine; it is now profaned.” So far Leland.

Mr. Carew is more particular (p. 274 Lord Dunstanville’s

edition). “Those buildings, commonly known by the name of

Launston, and written Lanceston, are by the Cornish men

called Lesteevan (Lez in Cornish signifieth broad, and these

are scatteringly erected) and were anciently termed

Lanstaphadon, by interpretation Saint Stephan’s Church: they

consist of two boroughs, Downevet and Newport; that,

perhaps, so called, of down-yielding, as having a steep

hill; this, of its newer erection. With these, join the

parishes of St. Thomas and St. Stephan. The parish church of

Launceston itself fetches its title of dedication from Mary

Magdalen, whose image is curiously hewed in a side wall, and

the whole church fairly built.

“The town was first founded, saith Mr. Hooker, by Eadulphus,

brother to Alpsius Duke of Devon and Cornwall; and by its being

girded with a wall, argueth in times past to have carried some

value.

“A new increase of wealth expresseth itself in the inhabitants’

late repaired and enlarged buildings. They are governed by a

mayor and his scarlet-robed brethren; and reap benefit by their

fairs and markets, and the county assizes. The statute of 32d

Henry VIII. which took order touching sanctuaries, endowed this

town with the privilege of one; but I find it not turned to any

use.

“To the town there is adjoinant in site, but sequestered in

jurisdiction, an ancient castle, whose steep rocky-footed keep

hath its top environed with a treble wall; and in regard thereof,

men say, was called Castle Terrible. The base court compriseth a

decayed chapel, a large hall for holding the shire assizes, the

constable’s dwelling-house, and the common gaol.

“About sixty years past (i. e. about 1540) there were found

certain leather coins in the castle wall, whose fair stamp and

strong substance till then resisted the assault of time as they

would now of covetousness.

“A little without the town were founded a friary, and anno 1128

an abbey, furthered by Reginald Earl of Cornwall.” Thus far Mr.

Carew.

Having now done with what former writers have said of this place, I

come to give my account of it; and herein I shall begin with

THE CASTLE.

This is seated to the west-south-west of the town, so that you have a

full prospect of it from the western road. Below the wall is a large

and deep graff, which formerly surrounded it, and is still very

visible on the western side; the rest being taken up partly by the

highway, and partly by gardens and buildings, which on the eastern

side come home along to the castle walls. The west gate is in a manner

all in ruins; neither are there any remains of the chapel, the hall,

or the constable’s house, there being now no other building remaining

therein but the house which now serveth for the common gaol; whereas

the old one, as the townsmen say, was over the north-east gate, which

is still kept in good repair, though no one lives in it.

At the north-east end stands the keep, on a high tapered mount, which

I once thought was artificial, though I am now satisfied to the

contrary, there being a quarry of stones almost at the very top of it;

though there has been some art used nevertheless to bring it to the

form that it now has. A covered way formerly led you by steps of stone

of an easy ascent, to the top of it, which steps are now carried off

as well as the roof, and the whole in a ruinous condition; and truly

it moveth compassion to see the woful plight of this so pleasant a

seat, accommodated with a fine park, formerly well wooded, with a

small rivulet of water running through it. The whole being now held

for lease on lives by Hugh Piper, Esq. who by virtue thereof is

likewise constable of the castle and keeper of the gaol, the which was

granted to his grandfather Sir Hugh Piper, Knt. together with the

lieutenant-governorship of Plymouth by King Charles the Second, as a

reward for his sufferings and exemplary bravery in the Civil Wars, in

one of the battles during which the said Sir Hugh Piper was left for

dead in a field for a whole night; being found the next morning, he

was put into a warm bed, and carefully looked to. He lived after this

to a good old age, as may be seen by the inscription on his monument

in the church.

I had forgotten to say anything of Mr. Willis’s account of this

borough, which I shall therefore now insert.

Robert Earl of Morton, and his successors Earls of Cornwall, having

their chief residence at this castle, the town increased much in

buildings and riches, and had certain privileges and liberties

conferred upon it.

There were burgesses inhabiting or belonging to the castle of this

town in the reign of King Henry the Second, and the reign of King

Henry the Third. The town was by its then lord, Richard Earl of

Poictiers and of Cornwall, the King’s brother,[14] made a free

borough, who granted to it by his charter, without date, power to

choose their own bailiffs, who were to answer the farm of the borough,

which was to himself 100_l._; to the prior of St. Stephan 65_s._

10_d._; and to the lepers of St. Leonard, of Lanceston, 100_s._ of his

alms. He granted them also to erect a guild of merchants in the said

borough to hold of him and his heirs, which privileges (as may be seen

by divers charters and letters patent of the Kings of England,

reciting by inspeximus) were frequently confirmed, and with additional

liberties. And in the 10th year of Richard the Second, upon the

petition of these burgesses, complaining that the last assizes and

sessions had been detained from them and held at Lostwithiel, the King

grants that these should be kept no where else in the county of

Cornwall but at Launceston.

This Prince’s father[15] had, on his being created Duke of Cornwall,

inter alia, the castle, borough, and honor of Launceston, assigned to

him and the heirs of his body, eldest sons of the Kings of England, in

whom accordingly this manor has been vested ever since; and is now

held in fee farm by the heir-apparent to the Crown of England, being

by birth Duke of Cornwall.

The corporation consists of a mayor, recorder, and eight aldermen,

who, with the free burgesses, being in number about 130, elect the

members of Parliament. Its present establishment of incorporation is

owing to a charter of Queen Mary, A. D. 1555. At the last Visitation

of the Heralds, held on the 27th of Sept. 1620, the entries were,

Thomas Morton, mayor, Sir Anthony Rous, Knt. recorder; John Genis,

Richard Estcot, Arthur Pinard, Nicholas Baker, Hugh Vigures, Henry

Cary, George Hext, Orwald Cooke, aldermen; and Philip King, town

clerk.

Mr. Willis goes on to say, That this was an ancient market town, may

be seen by the Pipe Rolls in King John’s time, in whose reign the men

of Launceston gave a fine of five marks to change the market from the

Lord’s Day, whereon it was formerly kept, to Thursday, although it

hath since undergone a second alteration, and is now kept on

Saturdays.

THE EDITOR.

No one can approach Launceston, and more especially from the eastward,

without being struck by the magnificent remains of the ancient castle.

Mr. Edward King, in the third volume of his Munimenta Antiqua, treats

much at large of the fortresses erected in remote times throughout

Cornwall; and he particularly dwells on this at Launceston, assigning

to it the most remote antiquity on account of its not bearing any

resemblance to castles built by the Romans, Saxons, Danes, or Normans,

and from its agreement with various of the Phœnician, Syrian, and

Median castles, and especially with those in Asia Minor.

Mr. King says, the keep (unlike all Norman keeps) instead of being of

great diameter and spacious, is very small, although there was

evidently space enough on the top of the rock to have made it as large

as Norman magnificence could demand, had it been erected, as some have

hastily conjectured, by that people. It is only eighteen feet and a

half in diameter within, and it is quite round. On the contrary,

Trematon, in the same county, which may with good reason be concluded

to have been built by Robert Earl of Morton, is a true Norman

structure; and there cannot be a greater contrast than there is

between it and Launceston. Like Tunbridge castle, it is placed, not on

a high natural rock, but on an artificial mound, and is no les than

sixty feet in diameter on the inside. See Dr. Borlase’s Antiquities,

2d ed. p. 354.

The wall of the keep at Launceston is exceedingly strong, being at

least ten feet thick; and within its thickness is a staircase,

ascending up from one side of the passage of the doorway, without any

winding, excepting that of the mere curvature of the wall itself.

The present height is thirty-two feet, the upper part being somewhat

broken down; and it contained, as its only apartments, a sort of

dungeon on the ground, which had no light at all, and two rooms over

it, one above the other. The lowermost of these, or the room

immediately above the dungeon, was nearly as dismal and dark as the

dungeon itself, and appears obviously, therefore, to have been

intended merely to be used as a place for store, or a sort of

treasury; but in the uppermost apartment there appear to have been two

large windows (now broken down) commanding a most extensive view, one

to the east and another to the west; and also a fire-hearth, with a

passage for the smoke carried up through the thickness of the wall

towards the north, all which plainly indicate this room to have been

intended as a sort of state apartment for the actual residence of the

chieftain.

Such is this tower; and its close surrounding works are no less

extraordinary, for we find it encompassed by a second munition still

stronger than itself.

About six feet, or a little more, from its outside, is an encircling

wall twelve feet thick, and nearly equal in height with the floor of

the uppermost apartment of all.

Beyond this second wall is again a second surrounding area in like

manner with the first, only six feet wide, and which was further

inclosed by a third encircling wall, forming a sort of parapet.

Beyond all these was an external wall with a deep ditch.

Mr. King then goes on to compare this castle with ancient descriptions

of those in the east, and satisfies himself of their identity.

Respecting the name, Dun or Doon, is unquestionably a hill, and thence

derivatively a fortress; but no plausible conjecture has been formed

in regard to the second syllable.

A similar observation may be made respecting the name of the town. Lan

occurs as a prefix, in the sense of indicating a church, eleven times

in Cornwall; but it seems difficult to derive “ceston” from Stephan.

Yet if the Celtic pronunciation of Stephan was really Staveton,

Lanstaveton may have easily glided, through Saxon pronunciation and

misapprehension of the terminating syllable into Lanceston.

The priory of Launceston appears to have been a foundation of no small

magnitude. The list of its possessions, in the Augmentation Office,

exhibit a considerable revenue; and Leland describes its church with

handsome monuments: not a trace remains. No one more sincerely

rejoices at the downfall of superstition, originating in ages of

darkness, than the Editor of this work, and above all at the

approaching annihilation throughout Europe of monastic institutions,

promised by the regular and steady current of events; but the sudden

and indiscriminating devastations of the sixteenth century, sweeping

every thing before them like whirlwinds, destroying for the mere sake

of wanton destruction, or at the very best――from a desire of

obliterating all former remembrances; these stamp on the mind very

different impressions; and when it is felt that the storm was urged

forwards by the fury of an individual, by the avarice of those

occupying the highest stations, and by the purposely inflamed passions

of the multitude, it is impossible not to experience the forebodings

of Scipio on the fall of Carthage; and to exclaim with him

Εσσεται ἡμαρ ὁταν ποτ’ ολωλῃ Ιλιος ἱρη,

Και Πριαμος, και λαος ευμελιω Πριαμοιο.

The registers and cartularies of this monastery have disappeared; for

these were systematically destroyed. Fragments, however, exist in

ancient transcripts; some, formerly in the possession of William

Griffith, and referred to by Bishop Tanner, are now preserved in the

Lansdowne Collection. Among these the following document may be found

relative to the foundation of the priory by William Warlewast, Bishop

of Exeter, from 1150 to 1159:――Noscat præsentis temporis ætas, quod

Radulfus Ecclesiæ sancti Stephani de Launcestone decanus decanatum

mihi Willielmo Episcopo reddidit. Et ego canonicis regularibus, quos

in eadem constitui, totum dedi. Testes sunt,

Osbertus, Abbas de Tavistoca.

Gofridus, Prior Plymptoniæ.

Will. de Augo, Archidiaconus Cornubiæ.

Clarenbaldus, Capellanus Regis.

Magister Odo.

The charter from King Henry the Third, also extant, is a fair specimen

of the times, and contains some local descriptions of property:――

Henricus Rex Angliæ, &c. salutem. Inspeximus cartam Domini Johannis

Regis Patris nostri in hæc verba.

Johannes Dei gratia Rex Angliæ, &c. salutem. Sciatis nos concessisse,

dedisse, et hac presenti charta confirmasse Deo et Ecclesiæ Sancti

Stephani de Lanstaveton et canonicis ibidem Deo servientibus, pro

salute animæ nostræ, et pro anima Henrici Regis Patris nostri, et pro

animabus omnium antecessorum et successorum nostrorum, viginti

solidatas terræ in manerio nostro de Climerston, et preterea viginti

nummatas terræ in eodem manerio. Scilicet, dimidiam acram, quam

Eggerus de Holrode tenet. Hæ autem sunt metæ terrarum illarum.

Scilicet, a termino terræ Radulphi Pitlenam sicut rivus descendit in

magnam aquam de Eny, et usque ad terminum terræ prædicti Eggeri de

Holrode, ex parte orientis et meridiei. Item ex parte occidentis et

septentrionis a Wideslade, sicut rivus currit et descendit in magnam

aquam de Eny in terram de Climerston et terram de Treuris. Et preter

hoc dimidiam acram terræ in Norton quam Warinus tenet. Confirmamus

etiam eisdem canonicis omnia subscripta, sicut eis rationabiliter data

sunt. Scilicet, ex dono Richardi de Raddon unam virgatam terræ, quæ

vocatur Trewenta, quietam et liberam ob omni servitio, præter

quindecim denarios, quos reddere debet ad Tidlaton, de quadam

consuetudine, quæ vocatur Motiled. Et ex dono Roberti filii Alkitilli,

concessu comitis Reginaldi domini sui, terram quæ vocatur Trenchicot.

Et ex dono comitis Reginaldi partem Hamelini presbiteri de Capella de

Castello, cum omnibus libertatibus et rebus parti illi pertinentibus.

Et quadraginta solidos per annum de firma de Castello de Dunheved, et

Ecclesiam Sancti Andreæ de Stratton, cum pertinentiis suis; et unam

carucatam terræ de dominico manerii de Stratton, uxta alteram terram

ejusdem ecclesiæ, cum quadam area Salmarii Elfordiæ, salvo dignitate

capellæ nostræ de Castello de Lanstaveton; et Molendinum quod est sub

Castello de Dunheved, cum eisdem pertinentiis, et consuetudinibus,

quas habebat dum erat in manu Comitis Reginaldi; et terram de

Karnedon, quæ est membrum de Kidlacton. Ita quidem quod de reliqua

parte ipsius manerii de Kidlacton perficiatur eis tantum; quod bene et

plenarie habeant centum solidatas terræ, sicut Comes Baldewinus de

Redevers eis concessit et assignavit, et carta sua confirmavit; et ex

dono Osberti de Bikesleya viginti solidatas terræ in manerio de

Treuris, scilicet villam quæ vocatur Tregof, et terram quæ fuit Luffe,

et terram Warnii juxta pontem; et unam acram in villa quæ vacatur

Carsbroc, cum hominibus et omnibus quæ ad præfatas terras pertinent;

et partem nemoris apud orientem, sicut via dividit usque ad aquam; et

ex dono Bernardi Clerici duas acras terræ, quas tres homines tenent et

reddunt Deo et Ecclesiæ Sancti Stephani, inde quinque solidos

annuatim, quæ sunt subtus viam Trebursi; et ex dono Willielmi de

Henemerdon totam terram de Pech. Hæc quidem omnia cum omnibus

pertinentiis suis concessimus eis et confirmavimus dum essemus Comes

Moreton, sicut ea rationabiliter possident, et sicut cartæ Donatorum

suorum testantur.

Datum per manum H. Cantuariensis Archiepiscopi cancellarii nostri,

vigesimo octavo die Junii, apud Aurivallem anno regni nostri primo

(1199).

Nos igitus has donationes, &c. confirmamus, &c. Insuper concedimus et

confirmamus eisdem canonicis et eorum successoribus, pro nobis et

hæredibus nostris, donationem quam Reginaldus Regis Filius, consul

Cornubiæ, eis fecit in incrementum Ecclesiæ suæ de Lanstaveton, de

Ecclesia de Leskeret, et de Ecclesia de Lankinhorn, in die

translationis Reliquiarum et canonicorum ipsius Ecclesiæ de villa de

Lanstaveton ad vadum, sicut carta ipsius Reginaldi Regis filii, quam

inde habent, rationabiliter testatur.

Hiis testibus,

H. de Burgo, comite Kantii, Justiciario Angliæ.

Philippo de Albiniaco.

Thoma Basset.

Willielmo Basset.

VALOR ECCLESIASTICUS 26 HEN. VIII.

_Prioratus de Launceston._

Unde Willielmus Warwest, quondam Episcopus Exon. est Fundator.

Summa Valoris tam Spiritualium quam £. _s._ _d._

Temporalium Prioratus prædicti 392 11 2¼

Reprisa 38 10 3

----------------

Valet clarè ultra repris’ per ann’ £354 0 11¼

----------------

ABSTRACT FROM THE AUGMENTATION OFFICE.

_Nuper Prioratus de Launceston._

_Com. Cornub._ £. _s._ _d._

Launceston. Scit’ cum Terris d’nicalibus 15 19 6

Launceston lande cum Burg’ de Newporte

Reddit’ assis’ 118 5 7

Launceston lande. Redd’ Lib’ Ten’ 0 3 5

Firm’ 10 0 0

Bradford. Redd’ Lib’ Ten’ 0 14 7

Co’ven’ Ten’ 6 8 1½

Perquis’ Curiæ 0 3 6

Canedon Prior’ Redd. Lib’ Ten’ 3 9 7½

Co’ven’ Ten’ 12 0 6

Perquis’ Curiæ 1 11 10½

Clymysland. Redd’ Lib’ Ten’ 0 8 0

Conven’ Ten’ 6 13 9

Treworthgy. Red’ Lib’ Ten’ 4 13 7

Ten’ custum’ quam conven’t Ten’ 3 17 0

Perquis’ Curiæ 0 6 2

Stratton. Red’ Lib’ Ten’ 1 2 0

Conven’ Ten’ 6 5 8

Perquis’ Curiæ 0 3 3

Tottysdone. Redd’ Lib’ Ten’ 0 9 5

Conven’ Ten’ (Lib’ cum’) 1 0 0

Perquis’ Curiæ 3 12 8

Estwaye. Redd’ Lib’ Ten’ 2 10 0

Cust’ et Con’ Ten’ 0 9 7

Perquis’ Curiæ 1 8 4

Boyton. Redd’ Lib’ Ten’ 1 3 11

Co’ven’ Ten’ 6 16 5

Bradryche. Terr’ d’nical’ 8 11 0

Boyton. Perquis’ Curiæ 0 7 2

Buclawrenbucke. Red’ Lib’ Ten’ 0 1 6

Conven’ Ten’ 19 15 6¼

Perquis’ Curiæ 0 2 20

Bonealvey. Red’ Lib’ Ten’ 1 6 11

Conven’ Ten’ 6 4 6

Perquis’ Curiæ 0 6 2

Halgh land. Red’ Lib’ Ten’ 1 6 9

Ten’ ad val’ 0 3 5

Perquis’ Curiæ 0 9 8

Treworell. Red’ Lib’ Ten’ 1 4 10

Conven’ Ten’ 0 2 0

Beyworthye. Pensio 0 10 0

Ayssheby. Pensio 0 2 0

Deweston. Pensio 0 5 0

Loffyngeo. Pensio 0 2 0

S. Egid’. Pensio 0 2 0

Tresmare. Pensio 0 1 8

South Siddenham. Pensio 0 1 0

Lyskerde. Pensio 5 0 0

Talland. Pensio 2 0 0

Bridgeruell. Pensio 0 3 0

Lynkinhorne. Pensio 1 6 8

Lanest. Pensio 0 3 4

Lescard. Decim’ 25 0 0

Talland. Decim’ 10 0 0

Wulryngton. Rector’ 21 9 4

Egloskery. Rector’ 21 8 0

Poughill. Rector’ 7 0 0

Stratton. Rector’ 11 0 0

S. Genefre. Rector’ 11 0 0

Lawanyke. Rector’ 10 0 0

Launceston. Rector’ S’ Thomæ 6 0 0

Lanest. Rector’ 5 0 0

Inlett. Rector’ 6 0 0

Lankynhorne. Rector’ 18 0 0

Launceston. Rector’ B. Mar’ Magd’ 3 13 4

S’ Steph’ cum Tresmore. Rector’ 13 0 0

Tynnyherne. Portio Xᵐᵉ 0 6 8

Tamerton. Rector’ 9 13 4

Launceston, defended by its Acropolis, and important as a frontier

town, probably remained in all respects the capital of Cornwall so

long as that little state retained its separate existence. Lestwithiel

afterwards became the residence of its nominal Earls, took from

Launceston the sheriffs’ court, and acquired the technical appellation

of the county town.

The assizes, however, continued at Launceston, and the quarter

sessions were opened there; and then, for the convenience of the

western population, adjourned to Truro. Here also was the only county

gaol; till at last the inconvenience and expense became so great, that

about the year 1780, a new, extensive, and commodious gaol, with every

recent improvement, was constructed at Bodmin, where the summer

assizes had been removed under the authority of an act of Parliament

1st Geo. I. c. 45, rendered necessary by the charter of King Richard

II.

But Launceston, only two miles from the boundary of Cornwall, and so

remote from the mining districts, which comprehend the great masses of

population and of litigible property, as to render a journey there in

one day impossible, has been long considered wholly unfitted for the

holding of any court having jurisdiction thoughout the county; while

on the other hand judges and counsel feared to extend their winter’s

progress over the bad roads and hills of Cornwall. The roads are now

improved, and the hills are avoided; and in this year (1834) an order

has been made for holding both assizes in future at the town adjacent

to the prison, nearly in the centre of the county, and where an

increased inducement will be afforded for providing the accommodation

requisite on such occasions.

Launceston itself has received more improvement than almost any other

place as a thoroughfare; the great London road crossing it from east

to west, and one of considerable importance from north to south.

The exit from the east gate was about ten years ago made safe, and

even convenient, from being dangerous in a very high degree; and in

the present year (1834) a road from the north has been wound round the

castle at a very easy ascent, and avoided altogether a hill so steep

as almost to prohibit the use of wheeled carriages.

Launceston not only sent two Members to Parliament; but the long

street, or suburb extending from the foot of the hill at the north

gate, sent two members more under the name of Newport. By the act of

Parliament of 1832, they are both included in a district, returning

one member. Launceston is so amply described by recent writers of the

county history, that it would be useless to repeat what they have

given. The general view of the place is magnificent; and especially

from the new iron bridge, completed this year, across the Tamar at

Polston.

The parish of St. Mary Magdalen measures 1090 statute acres.

The present Minister is the Rev. John Rowe, appointed by the

Corporation in 1808.

Annual value of the Real Property, as £. _s._ _d._

returned to Parliament in 1815 3900 0 0

Poor Rate in 1831 736 0 0

Population, {in 1801, | in 1811, | in 1821, | in 1831,

{ 1483 | 1758 | 2183 | 2231

giving an increase of 50 per cent. in 30 years.

GEOLOGY, BY DR. BOASE.

Doctor Boase observes on the geology, that clayslate, calcareous

schist, limestone, and other rocks belonging to the calcareous series,

constitute the substrature of this parish.

It is quite obvious that the conical mound supporting the keep, as

well as the whole extent of the bass court, are composed of eminences

favourable for defence but improved by art, being scarped in some

places and elevated in others.

[14] King of the Romans. ED.

[15] The Black Prince. ED.

ERRATA.

VOLUME II.

P. 7, line 20, _for_ Poble, _read_ Poole.

P. 90, line 5 from foot, _for_ pale, _read_ pall.

P. 123, line 13 from foot, _for_ Pennerks, _read_ Pennecks.

P. 151, line 5 from foot, _for_ Tress, _read_ Trese.

P. 203, line 2 from foot, _for_ exepecierint, _read_ expedierint.

P. 213, line 5 from foot, _for_ Appeninnes, _read_ Apennines.

P. 215, line 12 from foot, _after_ western, _read_ limit of.

P. 224, last word, _add_ baptismal name;

and in first line of p. 225, _after_ Cornwall, _add_ and.

P. 240, lines 2 from foot; and in p. 241, _for_ Angowe, _read_ Angove.

P. 250, lines 9 and 11 from foot, _for_ Perth, _read_ Porth.

P. 282, line 2, _for_ Morsa, _read_ Morva.

P. 283, line 13, _for_ Leucan and St. Lennan,

_read_ Levan and St. Sennan.

P. 290, line 6 and 7 from foot, _for_ Juest and Jeast,

_read_ Tuest _and_ Teast.

P. 313, line 2, _for_ Bavi, _read_ Bari.

P. 319, line 9, _for_ seers, _read_ peers.

P. 339, line 19, _for_ Glanville, _read_ Grenville.

INDEX

Abbat, derivation of, ii. 61

―――― of St. German’s, ii. 59

Abbe Tone, or abbey town, ii. 59

Abbitown, now St. German’s, i. 32

Abbot, Mr. i. 125

Abbytone, ii. 62

Abchurch, St. Mary, rectory, London, i. 72

Aberdeen, i. 247

Abergavenny, Lord, i. 87

Abernethy, now St. Andrew’s, iv. 105

Abingdon abbey, i. 342

Abraham, i. 414

Acacia armata, iv. 181

―――― dealbata, iv. 183

―――― lopantha, iv. 183

Achaia in Greece, iv. 161

Achelous, the river god, ii. 161

Achym, William, monument to, iii. 292.――Thomas, family arms, and

etymology of the name, iv. 23

Acland, Sir John, iii. 271. Sir Thomas, 42, 274. Sir T. D. 271.――Of

Killerton, iv. 16. Colonel, 185.――Family, ii. 416

Acre, comparison of the Cornish, Saxon, and Norman, iii. 388

Acres, the number of in Cornwall, Appendix I. iv. 177

Act of Parliament for improving Truro, iv. 80

Acton castle, iii. 311

Acton of Acton Scot, i. 400

Addis, i. 417.――John and William, iii. 38

Adelredus, Bishop of Cornwall, iii. 415

Adelstowe, iii. 277, 278 _bis_

Adis of Plymouth, i. 420

Adlington, John, iv. 77

Admiralty, Nicholas Trevanion, commissioner of the, iv. 116

Adobed, Reginald, i. 134

Adour, river, iv. 159

Adredus, Bishop of Cornwall, iii. 415

Adrian, Emperor, i. 393――iv. 117

Adrian, Pope, ii. 212

Adriatic sea, iv. 172

Adulphus, Bishop of Devon, iii. 415

Advent, alias St. Anne parish, i. 62, 129, 132――ii. 401 _bis_,

408――iii. 222

ADVENT parish, by Hals, situation, ancient state, boundaries,

etymology of name, saint, church patron, land tax, i. 1. By

Tonkin, name, Trethym. By Whitaker, etymology, saint’s history 2.

By Lysons, villages, manor of Trelagoe. By the Editor, statistics.

Geology by Dr. Boase 3

Adwen, St. history of, i. 2

Æschylus, iii. 34

Africa, iii. 187 _bis_

Agapanthus umbellatus, iv. 181

Agar, Mrs. i. 384.――Hon. C. B. ii. 381. Mr. 57. Mrs. 197, 258,

348.――Mr. iv. 44

Agincourt, battle of, iii. 316

Agnes, St. iii. 312, 313

―――― St. church, iii. 176

―――― St. island, ii. 358――iv. 173, 174. By Leland, Appendix, 266.

Its extent 175.――Lighthouse upon, ii. 358――iv. 175. Its latitude

and longitude, and time of high water 175

―――― St. parish, ii. 234, 235, 317, 402――iii. 380

AGNES, St. parish, by Hals, situation, ancient state, land tax,

church, i. 4. Saint’s history 5. Feast, Carne Buryanacht, St.

Agnes ball 6. Manors and seats, Mithian 7. Trevellis, Trevawnance

8. By Tonkin, etymology of Pider, Kyvere Ankou, Trevannence; the

same from Lysons, Breanis, description and productions 10. By

Lysons, harbour at Trevannence Porth 11. Market, Porth Chapel,

Chapel at Mola, almshouses and schools 12. By the Editor, remarks

on the Tonkin family, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 13. The

beacon 14

Agnes’ St. ball or plague, i. 6

―――― St. beacon, i. 10. Geology 14. Position and height 15

―――― St. well, i. 12

Agonal, iii. 434

Agricola, Tacitus’s Life of, iii. 162

Agricolaus, i. 52

Ahab, King, i. 329

Aikin, Miss, ii. 77

Ailmer, Earl of Cornwall, i. 73――iii. 462

Ainton, Thomas de, iii. 354

Aire, a farm of Mr. Stephens’s where he and his family shut

themselves up from the plague and escaped, ii. 271

Alan River, i. 74, 94, 115, 153, 367, 371, 372 _ter._, 373, 375――ii.

402 _ter._――iii. 277, 334

Albalanda family, ii. 300, 302, 303 _bis_, 305――iii. 213

Alban, St. the Briton, ii. 64, 75. His Shrine 74

Alban’s, St. town, why named, general council of British clergy at,

St. German preached at, ii. 64. St. German’s chapel at 65

―――― St. battle of, ii. 260――iii. 234

Albemarle, Duke of, ii. 27, 28, 94. His letter of thanks to Capt.

Penrose 28

Albigenses, i. 311

Albiniaco, Philip de, ii. 428

Alderscombe, account of, ii. 347, 351

Aldestowe, iii. 278 _bis_

Aldwinick, ii. 77

Aldwyn, Bishop of Lindisfarne, i. 290 _bis_

Alein, by Leland, iv. 262

Alexander, John, ii. 160

―――― the Third, Pope, iii. 115

Alexandria, ii. 81――iii. 187 _bis_.――St. Catharine born at, ii. 37

Alfred, King, i. 290 _ter._――ii. 155――iii. 74, 241, 262. The Great,

visited St. Neot, who appeared to him after death 262. Founded

Oxford by his advice 263

Alfridus or Alfricus, Bishop of Devon, iii. 415

Alfwaldus, Bishop of Devon, iii. 415

Algar, Earl of Cornwall, i. 73 _bis_, 74, 94 _bis_, 95――iii. 462

Algarus, Bishop of Devon, iii. 415

Algerine pirates stranded in Mount’s Bay, iii. 97

Algiers, governor of, ii. 100

Alien priories, their origin, iv. 99. Suppression 101

All Saints’ day, ii. 150, 287

All Souls’ college, Oxford, ii. 147, 227, 228――iii. 123, 155, 252, 344

Allan family, ii. 286

Allan, St. name explained, iv. 313

Allanson, Rev. George, of St. Tudy, iv. 95

Allen, Ralph, history of, i. 56

―――― Mr. of Bath, ii. 33. Thomas 233

―――― St. iv. 24, 75

―――― St. parish, i. 202, 393, 404, 417――ii. 315, 318――iii. 267, 313.

Living of 300

ALLEN, St. parish, by Hals, situation, ancient state, i. 15.

Endowment, first fruits, patron, incumbent, impropriation, land

tax, Gwarnike 16. Etymology 17. Treonike, tale of a stolen child,

families originating from church offices, Tretheris chapel 18. By

Tonkin, Gwairnick, Boswellick, Nancarrow 19. Gwerick, Trerice,

Trefronick, Talcarne. By Lysons, Villages of Lane and Zela 20. By

the Editor, name and feast, statistics, rector, Geology by Dr.

Boase 21

Allett, i. 415

Allin, John, iv. 18

Allington, South, manor, iii. 436

Allworthy, Fielding’s, i. 57

Almes Pool Meadow, ii. 41

Alonzo, King of Castille, i. 311

Aloysoa citra odora, iv. 181

Alps, iii. 121, 186.――Miniature model of, ii. 150

Alpsius, Duke of Devon and Cornwall, ii. 420

Alric, Earl, stole the body of St. Neot, iii. 263

Als, John de, i. 144

Als manor in Buryan, ii. 118

Alse, i. 144. De Alse of Lelant ibid.

Alsius, Duke of Devonshire and Cornwall, iii. 415

Altar cloth, curious, i. 157

Altarnun parish, i. 62, 129, 159, 167, 174, 196, 197, 201, 257, 304,

308, 317――ii. 36――iv. 48, 68, 69, 70 Altarnunæ, Alternun, iii. 36,

39, 260, 335.――Alternunn, ii. 229, 377

ALTARNUN parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, i. 21. Ancient

state, first fruits, patron, incumbent, land tax, etymology,

nunnery 22. Trelawny, Peter Jowle 23. Instances of longevity 24.

By Tonkin, etymology. By the Editor, St. Nun, St. Nun’s well 24.

St. Nun’s day, extent, villages, fairs, church-tower, statistics.

Geology by Dr. Boase 25. Stone quarry, Endsleigh cottage 26

Alured, Col. iv. 186

Alvacot village, iv. 41

Alverton manor, ii. 282――iii. 78, 90, 91, 92, 426. Account of 79,

90.――Lord of, ii. 130

Alvorton, iv. 164

Alwalfus, Bishop of Devon, iii. 415

Alwolfus, Bishop of Devon, iii. 415

Amadis, John, of Plymouth, i. 348

Amall manor, iv. 52

Amalphy in Naples, St. Andrew’s body at, iv. 101

Amaneth, ii. 203, 211

Amator, St. Bishop of Auxerre, ii. 73 _bis_

Ambrose, St. ii. 279

―――― Well, i. 247

Ambrosius, Aurelius, i. 326

Amellibrea belongs to the Editor, ancient buildings there, iv. 54

America, iii. 183.――Packets for, receive their despatches at

Falmouth, ii. 11. Separated from England 245. War with 245,

267.――No heaths in, iii. 173

―――― South, i. 164――iii. 205

Ammonian harmony, iii. 408

Amorites, Kings of, ii. 285

“Amorous Fantasme, a Tragi-Comedy,” iv. 98

Amural, ii. 367

Amy, Cotton, of Botreaux Castle, Anne, Grace, and Mr. i.

134.――Edward and Rev. James, ii. 49.――Cotton, iii. 235, 236.

Edward 232. Grace 235, 236. Rev. James 232, 235, 236. Mr.

235.――Family, iv. 62

Amye, sister of King Arthur, i. 332

Amyll manor, iv. 55

Amys, of Botreaux castle, the coheir of, iv. 45

Anabaptists, iv. 73

Andegavia, now Angiers, i. 335 _ter._

Andrew, Anne, and John, ii. 253.――Richard, iii. 387

―――― of Trevellance, Jane or Anne, John, iii. 326, 333

―――― Thomas, ii. 189――iii. 387.――Mr. ii. 354

Andrew, St. the Apostle, his history, iv. 100. Occasion of his

adoption as patron of Scotland 105

―――― St. church in Stratton, ii. 427

―――― St. church, Holborn, ii. 267

―――― St. monastery, university, and city, iv. 105

―――― St. priory, i. 167

Andromache, iii. 420

Anecdotes of Heraldry by a Lady, iii. 137

Angarder chapel, iii. 314

Angarrack, iii. 343

Ange, Rev. Mr. ii. 24

Angelo, St., Marq. of, in Spain, descended from the Tregians, iii. 381

Angiers in France, iv. 100, 144

Anglesey, i. 295 _bis_

Angove, iv. 128

―――― family, ii. 236, 241 _bis_. Abel 241. Reginald 236, 240.

Etymology 236.――Richard, iii. 387

Anhele Nunnery, Truro, ii. 315

An Marogeth Arvowed, account of, iii. 430

Anhell, iv. 73

Anjou, Angiers the capital of, iv. 105

“Annals, Firbisse’s,” iv. 146

Anne, Princess, called Anne Eat-all, said to have died from

overeating, ii. 15

―――― Queen, ii. 98――iii. 62 _bis_, 145, 176, 201, 249, 297

_ter._――iv. 21 _bis_, 23, 116.――The Pitt diamond offered to, i.

68.――Her last Parliament, ii. 98, 287, 348

――――’s, Queen, bounty, ii. 93

―――― St. i. 157

―――― St. parish, _see Advent_

Annual celebrations natural, ii. 288

Annunciation, i. 157

Ansbury, diocese of, ii. 81

Anson, Commodore, iii. 205

Anthology of Greek Epigrams, iv. 87

Anthony family, ii. 275

Anthony parish, ii. 250――iii. 436

―――― East manor, i. 33――ii. 252 _ter._――Description of, i. 37

―――― East parish, ii. 252――iii. 101

―――― St. iii. 113. The patron of fishermen 91

―――― St. of Egypt, history of, i. 28, 29. Festival 31

―――― St. of Padua, history of, i. 29. Festival 31

―――― manor, iii. 209

―――― parish, ii. 1, 2, 17, 50 _bis_, 319――iii. 110 _bis_, 128, 380, 456

ANTHONY ST., in Kerrier parish, feast, i. 31. Boundaries, situation,

ancient state, first fruits, incumbent 32. Land tax, East Anthony,

and family of Carew 33. Intsworth 36. By Tonkin, East Anthony. By

Editor, Rt. Hon. Reginald Pole Carew, statistics 37. Church

monuments, population, incumbent, Geology 38

―――― in Kerrier Parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, value of

benefice, patron, i. 38. Incumbent, land tax, Saint, Trewothike,

Roscruge, Denis and Great Denis 39. By Tonkin, Little Dinas, the

last place that held out for Charles 1st. By Editor, statistics,

antiquities, Geology 40

―――― in Powder parish, ii. 275, 281――iii. 395. Rocks similar to

those in Gerans, ii. 58

―――― in Powder parish, situation, boundaries, i. 26. Ancient state,

history, Rules of Canons Augustine 27. First fruits, patron, land

tax, saint’s history and name, Plase, St. Anthony Point 28. By

Tonkin, Boswartha, Porth. By the Editor, history of St. Anthony of

Egypt, and of St. Anthony of Padua 29. Legend of the latter, by

Dr. Darwin 30. Feast, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 31

―――― Point, i. 28

―――― Prior of, ii. 51 _bis_. Priory 277

Anthyllis hermannia, iv. 181

Anticiodorum, St. German, Bishop of, ii. 59

Antiocheis, i. 342

Antiochesis, i. 325

Antiquarian Society, communication of Mr. Arundell upon Theodore

Paleologus to, ii. 365

“Antiquities of Cornwall,” ii. 338――iv. 30

Antirrhinum monspessulanum, iii. 63

Antis, John, i. 319

Antonies, St. by Leland, iv. 270, 289

Antron, account of, iii. 445

―――― of Antron, family, iii. 445

Antwerp, iii. 67. Nuns from, received at Lanhearne 150

Antyer Deweth, iii. 431

Anvilla, Robert de Edune, iv. 77, 82

Anwena, Bishop of Dorchester, iv. 137

Apeley, i. 223

Apennines, ii. 213

Apollo, i. 295

Apparition, treasure discovered by, i. 162

Aquitaine, i. 335――iv. 145

Arabia, iii. 187

Arcedekne, Thomas de, i. 340.――Alice, John and Thomas, Lords, of

Warine Family, iii. 405

Archæologia, iii. 244

Archdeacon of East Anthony, Thomas, Walter, and arms, i. 33. And of

Haccomb, Philippa, and Sir Warren 33, 64, 262

Arche, Sir Richard, i. 168

Archedecon family, iii. 44. Thomas, Lord de 405

Archer of Trelaske, N. S. ii. 243――iii. 38 _bis_. Mr. and his

brother 338. Family and their monuments 37

―――― of Trelowick, John, i. 417. John 420. Rev. Mr. 417. William,

arms 420

Arcturus, i. 342

Ardent, a 64 gun ship taken by the French and Spanish combined

fleets in Plymouth Sound, ii. 246

Ardeverauian, by Leland, iv. 266

Ardevermeur, by Leland, iv. 273

Ardevon parish, ii. 208

Ardfert, diocese of, iii. 434

Argand lamps in the Lizard Lighthouses, ii. 359

Arian clergy, i. 338

―――― heresy, iii. 59

Arianism, i. 115, 252――iii. 64. St. Dye opposed to, ii. 131

Arians, i. 294――ii. 63. St. Hilary, a violent opponent of 168, 169.

Furious hostility of St. Ambrose against 279.――St. Martin opposed

them, iii. 122

Aristolochia sempervirens, iv. 181

Aristophanes, ii. 265

Aristotle, ii. 408

Arius, i. 305.――His heresy, ii. 63

Armagh, St., Malachy Archbishop of, ii. 225

Armes in Castle Cairden, iv. 262

Armorica, i. 115――iii. 336 _bis_.――Or Little Britain, iv. 157

Armorican tongue, iii. 114

Arms of Achym, iv. 23

―――― Albalonda, ii. 303

―――― Arcedekne, i. 33――iii. 405

―――― Archer, i. 420

―――― Arthur, King, i. 336

―――― Arundell, i. 162, 405――iii. 142, 149, 270 _bis_――iv.

72.――Crest, i. 405

―――― Baldwin, iii. 66

―――― Barret, ii. 89

―――― Basset, ii. 239

―――― Bastard, i. 320

―――― Beare, i. 405――iv. 22

―――― Beauchamp, ii. 130 _bis_

―――― Beel, ii. 252

―――― Bellot, i. 302

―――― Bennet, iii. 3

―――― Berkeley, ii. 11――iv. 14

―――― Betenson, iii. 23

―――― Bevill, i. 17――iv. 22, 72

―――― Bickton, i. 412

―――― Billing, iv. 95

―――― Blewet, i. 210 _bis_――iv. 95

―――― Bochym, ii. 131, 302

―――― Bodrigan, ii. 107 _bis_――iii. 119

―――― Boggan, ii. 320

―――― Bone, ii. 353

―――― Bonithon, i. 302――iii. 226

―――― Borlase, i. 18――iii. 84

―――― Boscawen, i. 140

―――― Bosistow, iii. 35

―――― Bowden, ii. 303

―――― Bray, ii. 311

―――― Budeoxhed, i. 348

―――― Buller, iii. 249

―――― Caddock, Earl of Cornw., i. 203

―――― Call, i. 162

―――― Camelford borough, ii. 404

―――― Carlyon, i. 54

―――― Carmenow, iii. 129――iv. 72

―――― Carne, i. 10

―――― Carnsew, ii. 337

―――― Carrow, i. 35

―――― Carter, i. 223

―――― Carverth, ii. 94, 337

―――― Cavall, ii. 335 _bis_

―――― Chamond, ii. 414

―――― Champernown, ii. 254 _quat._

―――― Cheyney, iv. 43

―――― Chynoweth, i. 292

―――― Coke, i. 395, 396

―――― Coplestone, ii. 293

―――― Coren, iii. 3

―――― Coryton, iii. 162

―――― Coswarth, i. 211

―――― Cottell, ii. 352

―――― Courtenay, iv. 96

―――― Crane, iii. 387

―――― Damerell, iii. 61

―――― D’Angers, iii. 226

―――― Davies, i. 361

―――― Davis, i. 144

―――― Dawnay, iii. 437, 438

―――― Dinham, i. 170

―――― Dodson, i. 412

―――― Dundagell borough, i. 323

―――― Edgecumbe, iii. 103――iv. 72

―――― Egleshayle, i. 374

―――― Erisey, ii. 116――iii. 419

―――― Ferrers, iii. 134

―――― Fitzroy, ii. 11

―――― Fitz-William, ii. 410

―――― Flammock, i. 85

―――― Fowey town, ii. 38

―――― German’s, St. priory, ii. 63

―――― Glynn, i. 172――ii. 142

―――― Godolphin, i. 124――ii. 335

―――― Grosse, iii. 249

―――― Hare, i. 406

―――― Harris, ii. 122

―――― Hawes, ii. 300, 316

―――― Hawkins, i. 45

―――― Heale, i. 107

―――― Heart, ii. 152

―――― Hele, iv. 152

―――― Helston borough, ii. 156

―――― Hemley, i. 384

―――― Hext, i. 44

―――― Hill, ii. 136――iii. 191

―――― Hobbs, ii. 54

―――― Hoblyn, i. 223

―――― Hooker, iii. 203

―――― Howeis, ii. 304

―――― Ives, St. borough, ii. 258

―――― Ives, St. town, ii. 271

―――― Keate, i. 224

―――― Kekewich, i. 372――ii. 410

―――― Kelliow, ii. 399

―――― Kellyow, i. 320

―――― Kemell, i. 265

―――― Kempe, ii. 54

―――― Kendall, i. 319

―――― Kestell, iii. 112, 113

―――― Killigrew, ii. 7

―――― Killiton borough, ii. 310

―――― King, i. 204

―――― King John, iv. 71

―――― Lambron, iii. 316

―――― Lamellin, ii. 411

―――― Lanyon, ii. 142, 143

―――― Laughairne, ii. 316

―――― Leveale, i. 143

―――― Ley, i. 396

―――― Littleton, iii. 227

―――― Long, i. 378

―――― Looe, West, borough, iv. 21

―――― Manaton, ii. 231

―――― Marney, iii. 65

―――― Matthew, ii. 337

―――― Mawe’s, St. borough, ii. 276

―――― Mawgan, iii. 148

―――― Megara bishopric, i. 75, 94

―――― Milliton, i. 125

―――― Mohun, i. 351――iv. 96

―――― Molesworth, i. 370

―――― Morton, iv. 3

―――― Moyle, ii. 67

―――― Murth, iv. 25

―――― Mydhop, i. 320

―――― Nance, ii. 239――iv. 129

―――― Nanfan, i. 408

―――― Nanskevall, or Typpet, iv. 139

―――― Nansperian, i. 349

―――― Neville, cognizance, ii. 38

―――― Nicholls, ii. 339

―――― Noye, iii. 145, 151 _bis_

―――― Opie, i. 399

―――― Oxford, i. 58.――City, ii. 404

―――― Paleolagus, ii. 365

―――― Parker, i. 136――ii. 12 _bis_

―――― Parkings, iv. 140

―――― Payne, ii. 198

―――― Paynter, i. 349, 350

―――― Pendarves, i. 161――ii. 93, 98

―――― Pendre, i. 143

―――― Penkivell, i. 297

―――― Penrose, iii. 443

―――― Penwarne, iii. 75, 77

―――― Peter, iii. 176

―――― Peverell, i. 368

―――― Polkinghorne, ii. 142

―――― Polwhele, i. 205

―――― Pomeroy, i. 297

―――― Porter, iii. 66

―――― Prideaux, ii. 242――iii. 56, 279

―――― Prout, iii. 66

―――― Pye, iii. 449

―――― Quarme, i. 256, 422

―――― Rame, iii. 374

―――― Randyll, i. 421――ii. 353

―――― Rashleigh, i. 43

―――― Ravenscroft, i. 374

―――― Renaudin, iii. 303

―――― Reskymer, iii. 133――iv. 96

―――― Richard, King of the Romans, ii. 8――iii. 169

―――― Robarts, Earl of Radnor, ii. 380

―――― Robins, iv. 117

―――― Robinson, iii. 422

―――― Rogers, iii. 76

―――― Romans, _see Richard_

―――― Roscrow, ii. 337

―――― Rosogan, i. 400

―――― Rous, i. 313

―――― Sandys, iii. 158 _bis_

―――― Sargeaux, ii. 395

―――― Scawen, ii. 68

―――― Scobell, i. 44

―――― Scobhall, i. 44

―――― Scrope, iii. 129, 130

―――― Searle, i. 37

―――― Seccombe, i. 417

―――― Serischall, iii. 225

―――― Seriseaux, iii. 225

―――― Seyntaubyn, i. 262

―――― Silly, iii. 237

―――― Slanning, iii. 76

―――― Smith, i. 250

―――― Speccott, i. 379

―――― Spour, ii. 227

―――― Sprye, i. 28

―――― Tencreek, i. 255

―――― Thomas, ii. 337――iii. 326

―――― Thoms, iii. 125

―――― Tonkin, i. 9, 13――iii. 315

―――― Treago, i. 249

―――― Treby, i. 412

―――― Trecarrell, iii. 438

―――― Tredenham, iii. 361 _bis_

―――― Tredinick, i. 116――iv. 95

―――― Treffreye, ii. 43

―――― Trefusis, iii. 318, 227

―――― Tregagle, iii. 265

―――― Tregarthyn, ii. 110

―――― Tregeare, i. 263, 264

―――― Tregian, iii. 357

―――― Tregonell, i. 247

―――― Tregony borough, i. 296

―――― Tregoze, i. 39

―――― Trehaire, iii. 355

―――― Trehawke, iii. 169

―――― Trelawder, iv. 95

―――― Trelawney, i. 23――iii. 169, 295――iv. 96

―――― Trembleth, iii. 405

―――― Tremere, ii. 385

―――― Trenance, iv. 161

―――― Trencreek, i. 256

―――― Trengove, iv. 129

―――― Trenowith, ii. 107

―――― Trenowth, iv. 72

―――― Trenwith, ii. 259

―――― Trethurfe, ii. 353

―――― Trevanion, iii. 200

―――― Trevillian, i. 198

―――― Trevisa, i. 314

―――― Trewhythenick, i. 207

―――― Trewinard, i. 136, 346

―――― Trewolla, ii. 110

―――― Trewoofe, i. 142

―――― Trewoolla, i. 206

―――― Treworthen, iii. 269

―――― Trewren, i. 237

―――― Tripcony, ii. 124

―――― Typpet, iv. 139

―――― Uter Pendragon, i. 326

―――― Vaughan, i. 39

―――― Vere, ii. 185

―――― Vincent, i. 205――ii. 227 _bis_

―――― Vivian, i. 76, 94, 222

―――― Vyvyan, iii. 135

―――― Walesborough, iii. 116

―――― Wayte, i. 244

―――― Webber, ii. 336

―――― William, i. 53, 396

―――― Williams, iii. 145 _bis_, 355 _bis_, 356

―――― Winter, ii. 304

―――― Woolridge, i. 256

―――― Worth, iii. 60

―――― Wrey, i. 411

―――― Yeo, ii. 87

Army, argument upon, ii. 76

Arrish Mow, ii. 57

Arscott, Denis, iv. 157. Tristram 41. Mrs. 157. Family 127, 157

―――― of Devon, ii. 336

―――― Mevagissey, Rev. John, iii. 195

―――― Tetcot, i. 370, 375

Arsenic, process of extracting, iii. 305

Arthur, Francis, i. 282

―――― King, i. 305, 323, 339 _ter._, 341, 372, 404――ii. 50, 214, 259,

308, 403 _bis_.――His parentage, i. 326, 331. Birth 332. History

333. Death 337. His arms 336. Lines upon him 325. Merlin’s

prophecy of him 333. His tomb, and finding of his body 337. Lord

Bacon’s opinion of him 340.――The British Hector, slain near

Camelford, in battle against Mordred, verses upon, ii. 402. Born

on the same shore. Stone bearing his name 403――The spot where he

received his death wound marked by a stone, iii. 236

―――― King, acts of, iii. 163

―――― Prince, Romance of, i. 342

―――― Duke of Brittany, heir of Richard’s crown, ii. 178

――――’s admirals, i. 338

―――― castle, i. 343

―――― round table, i. 338

―――― stone, account of, i. 220

―――― table and tressels of gold, i. 338

Artificial reef, iii. 379

Artire river, iii. 457

Artocarpus, or breadfruit tree, iv. 45

Arun river, iii. 206

Arundell, or Arundale in Sussex, iii. 206

―――― i. 113, 121, 125, 167, 198, 210, 213, 298, 317 _quat._, 318,

319, 386, 392, 420, 421 _bis_. Humphrey 301. John de 405. Sir John

213. Sir John 218. Margery 38. Renphry 125, 418. Sir Renphry

213.――Family, ii. 128, 354, 415. Their property in Cornwall, sale

of 147. Rev. F. V. J. 140, 365. Rector of Landulph 387. General

192, 193, 196, 197. Geffery 195. Humphrey, Governor of St.

Michael’s Mount 198. Humphrey the rebel 326. Jane 124. John 9.

Lord, sale of his property 128. Richard Lord, governor of

Pendennis castle 14. William 123. Mr. 123, 124.――Sir John, iii.

332, 396. Richard 267. Thomas 141. Lord 343, 344. Miss 80, 369.

Mr. 201. Family 83, 85, 137, 240, 269, 333, 343, 445. Arms 142.

Monuments to 151. Origin of name 142, 150. Property 353.――Sir

John, iv. 153. Lord 106. Miss 116. A younger branch of the family

16. Arms 72

―――― of Caryhayes, heir of, iii. 202

―――― Clifton family, ii. 372. Lived at Clifton ibid. Alexander, Sir

John, Mary 375. Thomas, Sir Thomas 371, 373. William 375

―――― St. Colomb Major, Elizabeth, iii. 318 _bis_. Thomas ibid.

―――― Gloucestershire, iii. 142

―――― Lanherne, i. 218, 223, 405 _ter._ Edmond 121 _bis_. John,

Bishop of Exeter 218. Sir John 415. Sir John or Renfry 120. Lord

170. Renfry 218. Crest 405.――Humphrey, ii. 191, 192. Sir John 145,

146 _ter._ Family 127, 147, 148, 149.――Sir Edmund, iii. 316.

Edward 318. Elizabeth 140, 316 _bis_, 317. John 140 _quater_. Sir

John, _bis_. Sir John, Sheriff 141. John, Bishop of Litchfield and

Coventry, memoir of, ib. Sir John, the last possessor 142, 150.

Sir John 143 _bis_, 148, 196, 201, 316 _bis_, 339. John de 269.

Ralph 268, 269 _bis_. Renfry and Renfry 141. Sir Renfry 316 _bis_.

Renfry 316. Richard B. 141. Miss 141. Mr. 140, 357. Family 104,

140, 145, 268, 274, 391. Character of 150. Arms 149, 270. Lines on

149. Name 142. Called “The Great Arundells” 140, 149,

150.――Family, iv. 3, 103, 106, 161

―――― Lanheme and Wardour family, iv. 154

―――― Menadarva, i. 161, _ter._ John ib. Arms 162.――Family, iii. 85

―――― Sythney, i. 65

―――― Talverne, i. 222. John 65. Sir John 123. Sir Thomas 346,

356.――Tolverne Grace, iii. 183. Sir John ib. 325 _ter._ Family

104, 142, 149――ii. 256, 257, 276 _bis_, 279, 280, 336. Sir John,

obtained a pardon for Lady Killigrew 6. Sir Thomas 170

―――― Tregarthin and Caryhayes, iv. 116

―――― Trembleth, i. 213, 405.――Mr. ii. 146.――In St. Ervan, Sir R.

iii. 149. Family 140

―――― Tremodart in Duloe, Thomas, iv. 34 _ter._ Family 34 _bis_

―――― Trerice, i. 17, 19, 20 _bis_, 210, 211, 319. John 161. Sir John

415. Lord 415.――John, father of Richard, called John of Tilbury,

governor of Pendennis castle, besieged there by parliament forces,

ii. 13. Sir John 185. Sent to reduce the Earl of Oxford at St.

Michael’s Mount 183. Stormed it, killed, and his troops repulsed,

his fortune told 184. Richard, his marriage 13.――Anne, iii. 199,

201. John 199, 201, 269. Sir John 213. Sir John, story of 274. Sir

John, called “The Tilbury” and “John for the King” 270, 274. John

Lord 267, 325. Monument to Margaret his wife 271. Ralph 270. Sir

Richard first Lord, and his grandson 274. Miss 141. Family 104.

Arms and vault 270.――Family, iv. 13, 16

―――― Trethall, John and Prudence, ii. 320

―――― Trevethick family, iii. 142, 149.――Or Trevithick, Thomas, i.

223 _bis_. Family 223

―――― Wardour, Lords, iii. 142, 149, 150 _bis_. Lord 352 _bis_. Henry

8th Lord, sold his Cornish property 151

Arundell castle, iii. 142 _bis_.

―――― Ederick, Saxon Earl of, iii. 142

―――― town, iii. 142 _bis_.

Arundo aremaria, iii. 6

Arwennak, by Leland, iv. 270

Arwinick, i. 398――iii. 75.――Manor, etymology, ii. 4, 17.

Inhabitants, house built by Sir John Killigrew 5. Present

possessor 6

Arwinike, i. 136, 137

Arworthal manor, account of, iii. 302

Asa, William, ii. 192

Asan, brother-in-law of Thomas Paleolagus, ii. 367

Asaph, St. Jeffery of Monmouth, Bishop of, i. 342

Asche, by Leland, iv. 281

Ashburnham, Lord, iv. 14

Ashmolean museum, i. 300――iii. 50, 52

Asia, the Lesser, iv. 172

―――― Minor, the castles of, ii. 423

Asparagus officinalis, iii. 260

Asperville, Oliver de, iv. 28

Asshe, by Leland, iv. 291

Assium, or Assissum, i. 80, 81, 174

Aster argophyllus, iv. 181

Astle, Thomas, ancient MS. in his library, iv. 190

Astley, ii. 186

Astronomer royal, ii. 222, 223

Atery, ii. 418

Athanasian Creed, i. 252

Athelstan, Bishop of Cornwall, his see, iii. 415. His successors

ibid.

―――― the 2nd Bishop of Cornwall, iii. 415

―――― King, i. 139, 240――ii. 59, 60, 61, 69, 158――iii. 277, 278

_bis_, 322 _bis_, 430, 433, 462――iv. 40. Separated Devon from

Cornwall 104

Athenodorus, St. History of, i. 386, 388

Atlantic Ocean, i. 388――ii. 283――iii. 98, 426, 429, 430

Attall Saracen, i. 414

Attica, iv. 161

Atticus, a Greek geographer, ii. 172

Attornies, Cornish, ii. 253

Atwell, Rev. Hugh, i. 421.――John, ii. 189

Auburne, Nicholas, ii. 189

Aubyn, St., family, i. 32, 93――iv. 54, _see Seynt Aubyn_

Audley, James Touchet, Lord, i. 86, beheaded 87

Augmentation office, ii. 412, 425――iii. 286, 293――iv. 113.――Copy

from, ii. 429. Roll preserved in 87

Augo, William de, Archdeacon of Cornwall, ii. 426

Augustine, i. 410

―――― St. i. 312.――Relates miracles of St. Hilary, ii. 169

―――― black monks of, iii. 111

―――― bull, iv. 100

―――― canons, i. 27, 73 _bis_――iii. 456. College of in St. Colomb

141. Priory of 458

―――― friars, i. 83

Augustinum, iv. 117, or Autun 121

Augustus, Emperor, i. 386

―――― title of, assumed by the Emperor Charles VIII. 369

Auld Lang Syne, iii. 298

Aulerci, several places in Gallia so called, iv. 116

―――― Branovices, ib.

―――― Cenomanni, now Mans, ib.

―――― Diablentres, ib.

―――― Eburorices, in Normandy, ib.

Auncell, Richard, ii. 209

Aurelian, Emperor, i. 214 _bis_, 236, 388

Aurivale, ii. 428

Austell, William de, and his arms, i. 42

―――― St. parish, i. 52 _bis_, 59, 106, 128, 152, 416, 418, 423――ii.

314――iii. 47, 55, 58 _bis_, 198, 253, 391, 394, 395, 450, 455――iv.

54, 104, 110

AUSTELL, St. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, ancient state,

etymology, history of church, patronage, incumbent, i. 41.

Impropriation, value of Benefice, land tax, divisions, Treverbyn

42. Penrice, Menagwins 43. Roseundle, Roscorla, Trenaran, Merther,

story of Mr. Laa 44. Hawkins family, Towington, Upcott family 45.

By Norden, Polruddon. By Tonkin, Tewington 46. Pentwan, Pelniddon,

Trenorren. By the Editor, rise owing to mines and china clay 47.

Villages, church and tower, font, almshouse 48. Antiquities,

statistics, incumbent, Geology by Dr. Boase 49. Elvan courses,

streamworks 50

Austell, St. river, i. 47

―――― town, i. 41, 45, 48――ii. 47――iii. 121, 190, 195, 196.――Market

and fairs, i. 42. Formerly a village, great road through, export,

harbour at Seaporth 47. Railroad finished 1832, 48.――Road to Fowey

from, iv. 109

Austelles, St. by Leland, iv. 274

Austen, J. T. representative of the Treffrye family, a spirited and

judicious miner, ii. 46

―――― place in Fowey, J. T. iii. 348 _bis_.

Austin canons, cell of in Lancell’s parish, ii. 415 _bis_.

―――― St. iii. 167, 284, 285.――Bishop of Rochester, ii. 279, 287, 288

_bis_.

―――― Abbey, Canterbury, iii. 114, 115

Austol’s, St. by Leland, iv. 289

Austria, Leopold Archduke of, made Richard 1st prisoner, ii. 178

Auvergne, ii. 86

Auxerre, diocese of, ii. 75

―――― St. Amator, Bishop of, ii. 73 _bis_.

―――― St. German, Bishop of, ii. 63, 64

―――― oratory of St. Morice at, ii. 75

Auxona, R. ii. 64

Avalde, i. 407

Avallon, i. 337 _bis_.

Avant, i. 223

Ave, etymology, i. 182

Ave-Mary lane, ib.

Avery family, i. 204 _bis_, 224.――Captain, a celebrated buccaneer,

supposed to have buried treasure, ii. 128.――Mr. iii. 235

_bis_.――William, iv. 77

Avoh beacon, iii. 394, 401

Avon river, in Somersetshire, ii. 292, 293

Avranches, Augustine, Bishop of, ii. 208

Axceolanum, or Hexham, the see of, iv. 42

Axminster, i. 328

―――― hundred, iv. 15

Aylesbury, i. 258

Ayleworth, Captain, iii. 183

Ayre, St. iii. 55

Ayscough, Sir George, his engagement with the Dutch, ii. 25.

Entertained at Le Feock by Captain Penrose 26. Sailed to the Sound 27

Ayscough’s Catalogue, iii. 154

Ayssheby, ii. 430