CHAPTER XXVIII.

A WOUNDED MAN.

The General sent Elizabeth away very kindly. She sent the weary Nancy to

bed and went back to the hospital. But anxiety mastered her so that she

could not keep her hands from trembling or her voice from faltering when

there was most need for steadiness.

"You are exhausted, Mistress Royal, you ought not to be here," said one

of the surgeons sternly. "Go and rest."

"Oh, please let me stay," she pleaded with a humility so new that he

looked at her with curiosity.

"Hush!" said his assistant making an excuse to draw him aside. "Don't

you know she's been watching the men set out for the Fort?"

Elizabeth found words of comfort for a soldier who was mourning because

his wife would have no one to look after her, if he died. "I will help

her," she said. And then, by the light of the flaring candle, she wrote

down the woman's address. She repeated verses of Scripture for some who

asked her for them, and found a little steadiness of voice in doing it.

But through everything she saw Archdale's vigorous form and heard

Edmonson's passionate voice and his words. With such a marksman, and at

such range, how could a shot stray!

But she dreaded still more the time when the expedition should return.

To-night she bitterly regretted that the General had not been told her

errand, and saw that when Mr. Royal urged it, it had been the wish to

save her that had made Stephen Archdale ask him not to do it.

Three hours after the start she heard that the expedition had failed.

All that was left was returning, the wounded would soon be brought in.

Her little strength deserted her for the moment She sank down helpless

in the shadow. Then she rose and went forward.

As the boat lay rocking on the waves waiting for the others, Archdale

took his bearings. Leaning towards the stern, he said to one of his

men:--

"Greene will you change places with me?" If the man had thought the

request more than a whim, he would have supposed it to be because the

captain considered his new choice a more dangerous post. Archdale

seating himself again glanced toward the bow. He was now on the same

side with Edmonson and the fourth man from him. It would be somewhat

difficult to have the latter's gun go off by accident and be sure of its

mark, and Greene was safe so far as exemption from an enemy at hand was

concerned. Archdale would have preferred Edmonson's left hand but when

it came to disembarking, his enemy should precede him.

"Better cushions?" asked Edmonson with a sneering laugh under which he

tried to hide his anger. "Can't see any other motive for your running

the risk of capsizing us."

"It is very presumptuous to do anything for which Captain Edmonson

cannot see the motive," returned Archdale haughtily.

"By Heavens!" cried Edmonson in another moment "You're bound to die in

character if it come to a question of dying and of course it will with

some of us."

Stephen made no answer. He felt more strongly than ever that he needed

good eyes and firm nerves. To be killed like a rat in a trap! His blood

ran too warm in his veins to submit tamely to this. When the struggle

should come yonder it mattered little whether it was by Edmonson's shot

or another's, for if he fell in the heat of the conflict it would always

be said that he died a soldier's death. And if he lived to come back

Edmonson, should take boat first. He turned himself slightly toward his

foe, and sat silent and observant.

Had Elizabeth noticed them enter the boat together? He had thought of

saying good-by, for his volunteering was no sudden resolve, but had been

his determination from the first. But if he died, what real difference

would that make to her? And if he came back, the leave taking would seem

an absurdity. He seemed still to see the outline of her slender figure,

as with her shawl wrapped about her like a mantle she had stood

bare-headed in the cold May evening.

Had he dreamed that Edmonson had learned of Katie's desertion, and was

full of rage at every word of courtesy or interest that he spoke to

Elizabeth, he would have felt his chance of life still less.

"Can't you hitch along, you fellow next me?" cried Edmonson. "I'm so

cramped here I can't move a muscle, and I suspect we shall want them all

in good order pretty soon. We are coming up to the old walls. Swift and

steady, boys. Every man be ready with his muskets."

As he spoke, he took up his own weapon and examined it in the dimness.

Then, still holding it in his right hand, he laid that arm along the

edge of the boat as if to relieve it from the cramped position he had

complained of. Archdale saw that the muzzle was pointed directly at him

and that the hand which held it in apparent carelessness was working

almost imperceptibly towards the trigger. That would not be touched

quite yet, however, a shot now would alarm the garrison and be

inexcusable. The accident would happen in the excitement of landing.

Archdale's left hand that he with as great indifference as Edmonson's

laid upon the boat's edge was steady. He leaned forward a little to be

out of range, and they went on in silence.

The clouds grew denser, the waves swelled more and more at the violence

of the wind, and the storm, nearer every minute, seemed about to unite

with the fiery storm that awaited the devoted band.

"Look," said Archdale suddenly, "I believe they have discovered us." He

raised his left hand as he spoke, and pointed to the Battery. Lights

were glancing there, and something had given it an air of ponderous

observation, as if eyes were looking through the walls and movements

going on behind them. All the men scanned the battery earnestly except

the speaker whose eyes were watchfully turned upon his neighbor, and who

for reward saw Edmonson's fingers covertly placing themselves on the

trigger, while his face was still toward the fortifications.

"Yes, it's all up with us," cried the latter, "we are discovered,"

In the movement of speech he was turning to Archdale, preparatory to

dropping measuring eyes upon the musket, when the latter called out:--

"See! they are going to fire." And with the words he dropped his left

arm with a swift and accidental sweep by which his hand hitting forcibly

against Edmonson's which was unprepared, struck it off the boat into the

water. The pistol sent its ball spinning into the sea, running along

Archdale's sleeve as it passed. The pistol itself lay under the water

for the instant that Edmonson's hand rested there. The flintlock was

wet, the weapon was useless.

Its owner turned upon his clumsy companion in a rage. But before he

could speak the guns of the battery blazed out, and in the iron shower

that followed there was no thought for anything but that of saving

themselves as much as possible.

Round shot would have danced over the water and left them comparatively

safe; but in the deadly hail of langrage such escape was impossible.

Every moment of it inflicted torturing wounds or death. The boats were

beeched with all speed at the foot of the monster which belched forth

this red hot torrent wounding wherever it fell. But they had been thrown

into confusion, and while some of them struggled to the shore, the

occupants of others in their terror drew back out of harm's way, and

left their comrades to their fate. Edmonson's was not the only flintlock

wet, as the soldiers, weary and dispirited, toiled up from the surf.

They tried their scaling ladders, they fought for a time with that

desperate courage which never forsook them. Their captain cheered them

with his bravest words and deeds, and Archdale and Edmonson were

foremost in every post of danger until one fell badly wounded.

But from the first the expedition was doomed. After an hour's conflict

the recall was sounded, and the remnant of the scaling party straggled

and staggered to their boats, some carrying wounded comrades, some

themselves wounded and faint. But many had been taken prisoners by the

French, and many lay dead and dying. Elizabeth stood waiting for the

wounded to be brought in, and for the roll of the dead. The first man

who came walking steadily toward her, turning about at every few steps

to see that the men behind him were carrying their burden on their

stretchers carefully, was Archdale.

"You?" she said wonderingly. "I thought--I was afraid--."

"Yes, I have come back," he answered; "and it is through your warning.

Such as my life is, you have saved it."

[TO BE CONTINUED.]

[Footnote 5: Copyright, 1884, by Frances C. Sparhawk.]

* * * * *

EDITOR'S TABLE.

It is surprising how few people, comparatively speaking, are aware of

the fact, that the history of Boston has been treated as the history of

no other city in this country has been. The year 1880 was the two

hundred and fiftieth anniversary of its founding, and, commemorative of

that year, a work, in four beautiful quarto volumes, has been issued in

this city by Messrs. Ticknor and Company. The object of this work, and

the importance attached to it is what leads us to speak of it in this

place and at this time. This object is primarily to present the leading

historical phases of the town's and city's life and developement,

together with the traces of previous occupation, and the natural history

of the locality. To accomplish this almost herculean task, the sections

were assigned to writers well-known in their respective spheres,--many

of them of national reputation,--who from study and associations were

in a measure identified with their subjects. The entire work was

critically edited by Mr. Justin Winsor, Librarian of Harvard University,

with the co-operation of a committee appointed at a meeting of the

gentlemen interested, consisting of the Rev. Edward Everett Hale,

D.D., Samuel A. Green, M.D. and Charles Deane, LL.D. Now, it is not

our purpose to enter into any description of this carefully planned,

skilfully written, beautifully illustrated, printed and bound specimen

of the art of book-making; but rather, again to call attention to its

great merits and claims upon the interested public. The work deals

almost exclusively with facts, and impartially also, and these facts are

alike valuable to the man of letters, the man of science, the historian,

the student, and the vast public whose patriotism invites them to

seek the story of their city. A better conceived work has never been

published on this continent; but it is unnecessary to commend what

easily commends itself to the eye, the mind, and the purse of well-to-do

people.

* * * * *

There is need of a more careful study of politics on the part of the

people of this country. The recent elections in this State and in other

States again recalls this need, and have again shown that altogether too

many men cast their ballots, not in accordance with their intelligence

or with their convictions, but as they are told to cast them. The first

duty of an American citizen should be a thorough acquaintance with

American political institutions, their origin, their growth and

progress, their utility or their worthlessness. The right of suffrage is

one of the inalienable rights of the people. It is one of their most

sacred rights also, and ought not to be exercised except under most

careful, candid and conscientious conditions.

One cannot suppose, even for a moment, that our people are not aware of

the accuracy of these assertions. We are not advocates of property

ownership as a qualification of voting, nor would we seek to lay down

any arbitrary _sine qua non_, to be rigidly adhered to in our

system of voting. But, is it enough that a man should know how to read

and write before he can cast a ballot? Do these qualifications comprise

everything that is necessary to a proper and safe exercise of the right

of suffrage? If so, then politics can never be formulated as a science,

and politicians can never be regarded other than what many of them seem

to be,--tricksters trading on the incredulity and ignorance of the

masses. It is only when people understand _how_ and _why_ they

vote, that they can vote intelligently.

It may not be generally known that we have in this state, with allied

organizations in other states, a Society for "Political Education,"

carrying on its work by furnishing and circulating at a low price sound

economic and political literature. Its aim is to publish at least four

pamphlets a year on subjects of vital importance. During the present

year, the "Standard Silver Dollar and the Coinage Law of 1878" has been

treated by Mr. Worthington C. Ford, secretary of the society; "Civil

Service Reform in Cities and States," by Edward M. Shepard; "What makes

the Rate of Wages," by Edward Atkinson, and others have also been

published,--in all sixteen pamphlets since the foundation of the

Society.

The first Secretary of the Society was Richard L. Dugdale, the author of

the remarkable social study called "The Jukes." The twelfth number of

the Economic Tracts of the Society gives a sketch of his life, and from

it the following quotation is pertinent:--

"The education of the people in true politics, it seemed to Mr. Dugdale

and his associates, would not only greatly aid popular judgment on

political questions, but would be a necessary preliminary to the

election of public representatives and officers upon real issues. If

elections were so held, successful candidates would come generally to be

men competent to consider and expert in dealing with questions of state

and administration. And if legislators and executives were so competent

and expert, and were not merely men accomplished in intrigue or active

in party contests, we should have from them conscientious and

intelligent social reforms. Legislative committees, governors, mayors,

commissioners of charities and corrections, superintendents of prisons,

reformatories, almshouses, and hospitals, would then patiently listen

and intelligently act upon discussions and of the condition of the

extremely poor and the vicious, and especially of children and young men

and women not yet hopelessly hardened."

Few persons will deny that such a work as this needs everywhere to be

done so that the charities of the country shall no longer be

administered in the interests of a party.

The Society has been in active operation about four years, and its

success has thus far been most gratifying. It has already induced

hundreds of people to make a careful study of American history and

politics, and its influence is now felt throughout the length and

breadth of this land. The very fact of such an effort is one of the

encouraging signs of the times, and should be encouraged by all who aim

for the welfare of the Republic.

* * * * *

But there is still another open field for work in this direction, and

this perhaps lies more in the power of the people themselves. We allude

to the necessity of public lectures, in every community, on the great

themes pertaining to American politics and history. It must be evident

to every observer that our so-called "Lyceum Courses" are to-day sadly

deficient in efforts to educate the people. There is a perfect craze

at the present time for concerts, readings, and a similar order of

entertainments,--all of which are doubtless good enough of their kind

and are capable of exerting a certain moral influence that cannot be

questioned. But is it plausible that such pabulum meets all the needs of

those people who frequent these entertainments? If it does, the fault

lies with the people and not with those who are capable of amusing them.

We would suggest to the public-spirited ladies and gentlemen living in

our towns and cities to try the following experiment;--Plan a _lecture_

course, to be filled by public speakers residing in your own

communities. Establish a course of say four, six, eight, or a dozen

evenings, and let only those questions be discussed which pertain to

history, political economy, and politics. We venture the assertion that

such a course, conducted thoroughly in an unpartisan spirit, would be

well patronized, and would exert an influence for good. Never was there

a better time to try the experiment than now.

* * * * *

The death of GENERAL GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN at Newark, N.J.,

October 29, reminds us how narrow is becoming the circle of living

generals who took part in the great Civil War. It is two decades only

since the struggle ceased; but, one by one, the famous leaders have

passed away, and now McClellan has gone--the first to follow his great

commander, Grant.

It is not easy to comment upon the career of General McClellan without

evoking, either from his admirers or his censors, the criticism of being

unfair. To many, especially to the soldiers who fought under his

leadership, he became an ideal of soldierly virtue, and has always held

a warm place in their hearts; while to many others his military and

civil career alike have seemed worthy only of disapprobation.

It was natural that General McClellan should have a large and devoted

following, for he was a man gifted with those personal qualities that

always win popularity to their possessor, so that among the soldiers of

the Army of the Potomac, and among those in civil life with whom he came

in contact, he was usually regarded with admiration. As a military

commander, it must be conceded by his most determined critics, even,

that he possessed certain qualities unsurpassed by those of any other

general in the war. This was true of his ability as an organizer of

volunteer troups, in which capacity he probably rendered more effectual

service than any other man in the Union army. He was also well versed

in the science of war, and was a strategist of a higher order than has

generally been conceded. As is often the case, he failed to receive just

recognition of his really great abilities, because he lacked the needed

complementary qualities. McClellan could admirably plan a campaign,

and could perhaps have carried it to a brilliant issue, had all the

circumstances conformed to his plan, but this not happening, he seemed

unable to adapt his plan to the circumstances. Other generals with

inferior plans would succeed by taking some sudden advantage at a

critical time; McClellan on the contrary must either carry out his

carefully arranged programme, or acknowledge himself foiled.

That General McClellan was not a firm patriot is an assertion not

entitled to any weight whatever. He was devoted to the cause of the

Union, and in his career as a general we believe he should be given the

credit of performing his duty to the best of his ability. That he could

not triumph over unexpected obstacles was doubtless a cause of regret to

him more than to any one else.

General McClellan has been accused of an undue ambition for political

preferment, and it must be admitted that he would have succeeded better

in those positions to which he attained, had he been less solicitous for

the future; but it is not yet proved that he ever enlisted unworthy or

dishonorable means in the cause of his personal advancement.

* * * * *

HISTORICAL RECORD.

September 30.--Republican State Convention held in Springfield. The

following ticket was nominated: Governor, Geo. D. Robinson of Chicopee;

Lieut. Governor, Oliver Ames of Easton; Secretary of State, Henry B.

Pierce of Abington; Treasurer, A.W. Beard of Boston; Auditor, Chas. R.

Ladd of Springfield; Attorney General, Edgar J. Sherman of Lawrence.

With the exception of the office of treasurer, the ticket is the same as

that of last year.

October 1.--The Converse Memorial library building was formerly

presented to the city of Malden by its donor, Hon. Elisha S. Converse.

Hon. John D. Long made the dedicatory address. The building cost

$100,000, and is one of the finest examples of architecture in the

state.

October 7.--Democratic State Convention at Worcester. The following

ticket was nominated: Governor, Frederick O. Prince of Boston;

Lieutenant-Governor, H.H. Gilmore of Cambridge; Secretary of State,

Jeremiah Crowley of Lowell; Attorney General, Henry K. Braley of Fall

River; Treasurer, Henry M. Cross of Newburyport.

October 8.--Eight monuments were unveiled upon the battle-field of

Gettysburg by Massachusetts veterans. The regiments which have erected

these monuments and the principal speakers upon the occasion, were as

follows:--

The Twelfth Infantry. The monument is on Seminary Ridge. Col. Cook of

Gloucester presided, George Kimball of Boston delivered the principal

address, and comrade Gilman read a poem.

The Eleventh Infantry dedicated its monument on the Emmittsburg Road,

Capt. W.T. Monroe presided, and James H. Croft of Boston made the

address.

The Nineteenth Infantry monument on Cemetery Ridge was dedicated; J.W.

Sawyer, presiding, Lieut. Geo. M. Barry and C.C. Coffin making

addresses.

The Third Battery has erected a monument. Formal exercises were not held

here at this time, but the dedication was made with remarks by comrade

Patch.

The First Battery dedicated a monument in the National Cemetery. Remarks

were made by G.H. Patch and H.I. Hall.

The Eighteenth Infantry. The monument stands near the wheat field, and

was dedicated with an address by Col. Wm. B. White of Quincy.

The Second Sharpshooters. The monument is in the form of a statue and

was dedicated. N.S. Sweet gave the address.

The First Cavalry dedicated a monument near the Round Tops, Major Chas.

G. Davis, delivered the address.

October 13-16.--Seventy-fifth anniversary of the American Board of

Commissioners for Foreign Missions observed in Boston. The annual sermon

was preached the 13th in Tremont Temple by Rev. Geo. Leon Walker D.D. of

Hartford. A special discourse was delivered the 14th in the same hall by

Rev. R.S. Storrs, D.D. of Brooklyn. The attendance was the largest in

the history of the Board, taxing the fullest capacity of Tremont Temple,

Music Hall, and various churches simultaneously. Over 10,000 people were

present on one evening and many were turned away. The Rev. Mark Hopkins,

D.D. was re-elected president of the Board.

* * * * *

OBITUARY.

September 26.--HON. WALDO COLBURNE, a Justice of the Supreme

Judicial Court of Massachusetts, died at his home in Dedham, at the age

of 60 years.

Judge Colburn was born in Dedham, Nov. 13, 1824, and at 15 years of age

he entered Phillips Academy at Andover, graduating therefrom in 1842 in

the "English Department and Teachers' Seminary," which at that time was

entirely distinct from the classical course. In the following year he

entered the classical department, where he remained until the summer of

1845, when he left the academy and for the two years following engaged

in various pursuits, chiefly, however, civil engineering and surveying.

On May 13, 1847, he entered the law office of Ira Cleveland, Esq., at

Dedham, and on May 3, 1850, was admitted to the Norfolk County Bar. In

the meantime he had spent some time at the Harvard Law School, and soon

took a leading position in Norfolk county, which he always maintained.

On May 27, 1875, he was appointed one of the Judges of the Superior

Court by Gov. Gaston, and on Nov. 10, 1882, Gov. Long selected him to

fill a vacancy existing in the Supreme Court. Judge Colburn was a

Democrat, and had filled several positions of trust and responsibility

in his native town. In 1853 and 1854 he represented Dedham in the

Massachusetts House of Representatives, and as Chairman of the committee

on Railroads earnestly opposed the loaning of the State's credit to the

Hoosac Tunnel scheme. In 1870 he was a member of the Senate from the

Second Norfolk District, and as a member of the Judiciary Committee

drafted the well-known corporation act. He was Chairman of the Board of

Selectmen of Dedham from 1855 to 1864, and during the war his services

were important and valuable. He was President of the Dedham Institution

for Savings and a director of the Dedham National Bank.

Judge Colburn was naturally a man of robust constitution and excellent

health, and, until his prostration shortly before his death, had never

been obliged to neglect his official duties for a day on account of

sickness.

October 6.--Hon. Thomas Talbot, Ex-Governor of Massachusetts, died at

this home in Billerica at the age of sixty-seven years. He was born at

Cambridge, N.Y. Sept. 7, 1818, and subsequently removed with the family

to Danby, Vt. After the death of the father, the family removed to

Northampton, Mass. and Thomas at the age of thirteen began work in a

woolen factory. In the winters of 1837 and 1838 he attended an academy

at Cummington. Soon after, he joined his father in North Billerica, and

the long manufactoring career of C.P. Talbot & Co. was begun. The firm

still continues in the manufacture of woolen flannels, employing between

two and three hundred hands.

Mr. Talbot's first public service of note was as Representative from

Billerica in the Legislature of 1852, and he was a member of the

Constitutional Convention the following year. He was elected a member of

the Executive Council in 1864, and served five years in that honorable

capacity in association with Governors Andrew, Bullock and Claflin. In

1872 Mr. Talbot was elected by the Republicans as Lieutenant Governor

upon the same ticket with Hon. William B. Washburn, who was elected as

Governor. Re-elected with Governor Washburn in 1873, he became Acting

Governor when, during the legislative session of 1874, Governor Washburn

was elected as United States Senator to fill the vacancy caused by the

death of Hon. Charles Sumner. One of the first important acts of his

official life after this event was the approval of the "Ten-Hour bill."

In the same year Mr. Talbot received the Republican nomination for

Governor but was defeated by Hon. William Gaston. In 1878 he again had

the nomination, and was elected over Gen. Butler, Judge Abbott and A.A.

Miner.

He was presidential elector in 1876 and 1884, and was chairman of the

State Board of Health, Lunacy and Charity from its establishment in 1879

to 1884.

Mr. Talbot was strictly a temperance man and was a professed

Prohibitionist.

* * * * *

AMONG THE BOOKS.

The preparation of elaborately illustrated editions of standard poems

especially for the holiday trade has become a very prominent feature of

the book publishing business. Every year seems to mark an increased

beauty and variety in the work which the artist contributes to these

holiday books, and many classic works of literature are read with

clearer meaning and vastly greater delight, by reason of the intelligent

interpretations often given in the illustrations of our best artists of

the day.

Among the most tasteful as well as sumptuous art volumes of the last

three years have been James R. Osgood & Co.'s "The Lady of the Lake,"

"The Princess," and "Marmion." For a similar book for this season,

Messrs, Ticknor & Co., the successors of the old firm, have taken as a

subject Lord Byron's _Childe Harold_.[6] Of the poem nothing need

be said here, for it is universally accepted as Byron's greatest and

best; but of the illustrations, pages of praise could easily be written.

The poem itself has been a fertile theme for the artists, for the scene

is made to shift from one to another of the most beautiful and romantic

localities of the Rhine, of Spain, Italy and Greece, and most of the

illustrations are true representations of castles, ruins, palaces and

natural scenery in these ancient countries.

All of the illustrations in the volume are from wood, in the production

of which the most famous American artists and engravers have given their

best work, all of it having been under the supervision of Mr A.V.S.

Anthony.

* * * * *

Scarcely a year has elapsed since the appearance of the first volume of

Mr. BLAINE'S _Twenty Years in Congress_, which details the

history of our time from the outbreak of Secession to the death of

President Lincoln. To maintain the interest attached to that work, a

second and concluding volume ought to have been published ere this.

Indeed, the public had a right to expect it. But, now, another bid for

public consideration and favor has been put forth under the rather

attractive title of _Three Decades of Federal Legislation_.[7] The

author is the Hon. S.S. Cox of New York, at one time a formidable

opponent of Mr. BLAINE in the halls of Congress, and at the

present time American minister to Turkey.

Mr. COX was a member of Congress for twenty-four years, his

four terms from an Ohio district covering the war and the period

immediately preceding it. As a politician, he was always ranked on the

Democratic side, and was universally regarded as one of the closest,

most competent and most conscientious observer of men and things. His

acknowledged literary skill and his passion for accuracy rendered it

almost certain that his history would be both fascinating and truthful.

Contemporary history is at the present moment in high favor. All

intelligent people realize that the records of the last fifty years are

of more vital importance to living Americans than are the annals of all

previous eras. Hence, when a man so thoroughly equipped with the gifts

of mind and of expression as Mr. Cox has shown himself to be in earlier

books from his pen,--we say when such a man sets out to relate the story

of his time, it follows without further argument that his work will not

only be sought but will be read.

The narrative covers the eventful work of Congress for the past thirty

years, and gives a much fuller inside view of Federal legislation during

this period than can be obtained from Mr. BLAINE'S more pretentious

work. No period in our national history is so full of interest as the

times of which our author writes. The revolt from English rule and the

establishment of our national government was one of the grandest epochs

in history. In that period were determined the issue of national

independence; in this epoch of even greater magnitude, the issue of

national existence. Both periods alike witnessed the most terrible

conflicts of armies, of bloodshed and suffering in both periods was

shown the exercise of the highest and most brilliant statesmanship;

and in both periods the Federal Legislature was witness to events

scarcely less exciting and decisive than occurred on hundreds of bloody

battle-fields. The exciting period of Secession, the departure of

Senators and Representatives from Congress, the proclamation of war, the

call for troops, the great uprising of the people of all sections, North

and South, against each other, the act of Emancipation, the sanguinary

battles of, and the close of the war, the return of peace, the

assassination of President Lincoln, the election of Grant, the Electoral

Commission and the seating of Hayes, the resumption of specie payments

and a host of other equally impressive episodes and events, find in Mr.

Cox an impartial historian. Of the importance of such a work, there is

no need of saying anything, and it is quite enough to remark that the

book taken all in all, is perhaps the most important, because of its

impartiality and accuracy, that has so far been published during the

present year.

We have alluded to the fact that the author was a prominent actor in

nearly all the legislation of this long period, and that he consequently

possesses that personal and absolute knowledge which comes from actual

participation. The following extract which is taken at random from page

117 of the volume discloses something of the author's happy faculty of

seeing and describing things as they occurred to him. He says:--

"Being upon the Foreign Affairs Committee of the House of

Representatives when the Trent affair occurred, the writer attended a

dinner given by the Secretary at this then happy home. This was at a

time when men held their breath in trepidation, lest Great Britain and

the Powers of Europe might make the Trent matter the pretext to

consummate their recognition of Southern independence. Some feared that

a disparted Republic would have to give way before the jealous

encroachments of those who sought to divide our country as they

endeavored to imperialize Mexico.

"The delightful interchanges of thought between the persons at that

dinner are not so important as the fact that transpired toward its

close. After the ceremonies of introduction, and the tenders of

politeness to Mrs. Frederick W. Seward and Miss Olive Risley--the

adopted daughter of the house--the guests who had been received by these

ladies moved to the hospitable dining-hall. On the right of Mr. Seward

was seated burly English heartiness incarnated in Mr. Anthony Trollope,

the novelist. His presence was almost a surprise, if not a satire on the

occasion, as it concluded. At the other end of the table sat John J.

Crittenden. He was then chairman of Foreign Affairs in the House. The

author was on his right, as he was nearer by sympathy to him than others

on the committee. He used to say to the writer: 'My young friend, when I

was of your age, I did all the work and the older members received the

merit marks. You may do the work, sir, and I will take the credit.' With

his grave humor and hearty confidence, he was wont to parcel out to the

writer no inconsiderable quantity of the work of this most arduous of

committees. Thus it happened that a bill for the relief of the owners of

the Perthshire, seized by us, came to the hand of the writer for a

report. The chairman was not a little astonished when he found that his

subbordinate, on the 17th of December, 1861, was dilating on the Trent

case, and quoting Robinson's Reports to justify the detention of the

contraband plenipotentiaries, upon British precedents and conduct."

From the foregoing selection, it will readily be seen that the author's

style is strong, clear, rapid, and stimulating, his judgment sound and

unprejudiced, and his materials authentic. His condition, experiences,

and industry combine to throw new light on the events of the most

remarkable epoch in natural history, and the volume, independent of Mr.

Cox's reputation, is bound to be a success. It is at once the most

picturesque and harmonious political history of our times that has thus

far been written, and will, also, be generally looked upon as a solid

and substantial contribution to American literature. We feel that we

cannot commend it too highly.

* * * * *

In the Century magazine, last spring, Gen. George B. McClellan undertook

to present his explanation of the failure of the Army of the Potomac

while under his command. In his article, he assaulted the memories of

Lincoln and Stanton, and attempted much more than he accomplished,--at

least, so thinks the HON. WILLIAM D. KELLEY, who examines

McClellan's statements in a book recently published. It bears the simple

title, _Lincoln and Stanton_.[8] Of this volume, which for the

first time makes many fresh disclosures, we hope to have something to

say at another time.

Senator SUMNER was once asked by Lord Brougham the origin and

meaning of "caucus," and he replied: "It is difficult to assign any

elementary to the word, but the most approved one referred its origin to

the very town, and about the time (1772), of his lordship's birth."

There is a tradition in Boston that "caucus" was a common word here

before the Revolutionary war broke out, and that it originated in a feud

between the British troops on the one side and the rope-walkers and

calkers on the other. Bloody collisions, it is said, occurred between

them. The latter held meetings in the _calkers' hall_ in the lower

part of the city, at which resolutions were adopted and speeches made

denouncing the soldiers, who, on their part deriding the wordy war

offered, sneeringly snubbed their opponents "The Calkers," which by an

easy corruption became "the caucus," and finally a term to denote the

meetings.

Whether this be the origin or not of the word, one thing is certain--Mr.

George W. LAWTON has done a most commendable thing in the

publication of his little book on _The American Caucus System_.[9]

It is exceedingly useful, and the wonder is for us why some such work

has not earlier issued from the press, for it meets the requirements of

the multitudinous politicians and others who are never absent on "caucus

nights." The author begins at the beginning of his theme, and shows how

easily men, that is, mankind in general, choose to be controlled by

political power, and to bear its burdens; he then establishes the axiom

that the direction of political power is with the caucus, and goes on

still further to explain what gives the caucus its authority, to compare

caucus nominations with self-nominations, and then historically to trace

the growth of the caucus, and, lastly, to describe the proceedings of,

and how to conduct, a caucus meeting. From first to last, these pages

are suggestive, timely, and embody a great deal of good sound sense.

* * * * *

The late Mr. Walter Bagehot left behind him some materials for a book

which promised to make a landmark in the history of economics, by

separating the use of the older, or Ricardian, economic reasonings from

their abuse, and freeing them from the discredit into which they had

fallen through being often misapplied. Unfortunately he did not complete

more than the examination of two of their postulates, namely, the

transferability of capital and labor. These were originally published in

the _Fortnightly Review_, in 1876, and are now republished, with

some other materials for the author's proposed work, under the title of

_The Postulates of English Political Economy_.[10] These essays,

which emanated from a well-trained, scientific mind, an independent

thinker, and one who was perfectly free in his criticisms, deal almost

exclusively with one side of what the author wished and intended to say;

but as they stand, they prove that had he lived he would have shed much

light on the problem, how the rapid changes of modern city life may help

us to understand, by analogy and indirect inference, the slow changes of

a backward people.

* * * * *

The pathos and humor which have immortalized many of WILL CARLETON'S

earlier poems enter again into his _City Ballads_.[11] If ever a poet

comprehended the human heart and the mainspring of its responses, it is

he who gave us that wonderfully-common-place (by reason only of its

theme) but delightful versification, "Betsey and I are out." His new

collection embraces several pieces almost as striking in their

character; and their wholesomeness and truthfulness of sentiment will

win for them many readers. None of these poems are fanciful pictures of

life which does not exist; but they are, on the contrary, faithful to

the actualities of the living present. They portray metropolitan life

as in a mirror, and depict the mishaps of the inexperienced therein in

a way that is at once healthful and conducive to practical morality.

Every poem is a story, which carries within itself a lesson not easily

forgotten, and as a poem is almost invariably characterized by a

pleasant rhythm and animation. The illustrations--and they are

numerous--are excellent; indeed, one would not wish them to be better.

These poems and pictures will find entrance into many homes ere the

holiday season is ended.

* * * * *

One of the most astonishing successes, in a literary line, of recent

years is Col. Higginson's "Young Folks' History of the United States."

Published originally as a book for general readers, its superlative

merits commended themselves to teachers, then led to the introduction of

the work, as a text-book of history, into very many schools. No other

work of the kind, we believe, has met with such signal favor or so

richly deserves it. So far as it goes, it is by all odds the _ne plus

ultra_ for school use.

The same author has recently published what he terms _A Larger History

of the United States_,[12] which, however, ends only with the close

of President Jackson's administration. So far we fail to discover any

_raison d'etre_ of the volume, unless its purpose is distinctly to

bring together in a re-arranged form the series of illustrated papers on

American history contributed by Mr. Higginson to Harper's Magazine

during the past two years. If such is the author's purpose, then we have

no fault to find with the work. But the term "_Larger_ History" is,

in this case, a misnomer. The book does _not_ contain as much

matter as the earlier work to which we have alluded, and it is not, so

far as we can make out, written for older readers. It does not strike

one as being a history at all,--that is, a straightforward, logical, and

continuous narrative coinciding with those exemplar types of historical

writing bequeathed to us by Macaulay or by Motley. The book ends, as we

have said, with the close of Jackson's administration; but we glean very

little concerning the _administration_ and we are told much

relative to "Old Hickory."

Now, then, this may seem like finding fault with Mr. Higginson's book.

If so, we have plainly asserted our reasons. But with his subject

matter, and with his manner of treating it, everybody must be pleased.

We have never read more charmful essays on the First Americans, the

Visit of the Vikings, the Spanish Discoverers, the French Voyageurs, the

Dawning of Independence, and the Great Western March, than appear

between the covers of this beautiful volume. They are full of meat, and

have the savor of fresh and studious investigation, and we feel grateful

to their author for having provided so tempting a feast. What he says

and the way he says it make us the more to regret the unfortunate title

of his book.

The illustrations, which are numerous, are veritable works of art, and

we do not believe that any other American book can exhibit a finer or

more valuable series of portraits of American statesmen. This feature

alone should commend it to lovers of fine books, of which the present

issue is decidedly one. We are not informed whether a second volume is

forthcoming.

[Footnote 6: Childe Harold's Pilgrimage. A Romance. By Lord Byron.

Boston: Ticknor & Co. Price, in cloth, $6.00.]

[Footnote 7: Three Decades of Federal Legislation, from 1855 to 1885. By

the Hon. S.S. Cox, 1 vol. 8vo, pp. 726. Illustrated. Providence, R.I.;

J.A. & R.A. Reid, 1885. Price, $5.00, (sold only by subscription.)]

[Footnote 8: LINCOLN AND STANTON. A study of the war

administration of 1861 and 1862, with special consideration of some

recent statements of Gen. George B. McClellan, By Wm. D. Kelley. 8vo,

pp. 88. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. 1885. Price, $1.00.]

[Footnote 9: The American Caucus System; its origin, purpose, and

utility. By George W. Lawton. 1 vol. pp. 107. New York: G.P. Putnam's

Sons, 1885. Price, $1.00.]

[Footnote 10: The Postulates of English Political Economy. By the late

Walter Bagehot, with a preface by Alfred Marshall. 1 vol. pp. 114. New

York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. 1885. Price $1.00.]

[Footnote 11: CITY BALLADS. By Will Carleton, author of "Farm

Ballads," "Farm Legends," etc. Illustrated. Square 8vo, pp. 180. New

York: Harper & Brothers. Price $2.00.]

[Footnote 12: A Larger History of the United States of America to the

close of President Jackson's administration. By Thomas Wentworth

Higginson. Illustrated by Maps, Plans, Portraits, and other Engravings.

1 vol. 8vo, pp. 470. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1886. Price, $3.00.]

* * * * *

NOTES AND QUERIES.

At the request of many of our readers, this new Department is initiated.

Please address all queries and answers simply,--EDITOR OF THE BAY STATE

MONTHLY, 43 Milk St., Boston.

1.--In one of the old Readers, I find a selection, not credited to any

author, and beginning as follows:--"Born, sir, in a land of liberty;

having early learned its value; having engaged in a perilous conflict

to defend it; having, in a word, devoted the best years of my life to

secure its permanent establishment in my country, my anxious

recollections, my sympathetic feelings, and my best wishes are

irresistibly excited, whensoever in any country, I see an oppressed

nation unfurl the banners of freedom." Will some one of your readers

inform me who was the author of these words, and what was the occasion

for their utterance?--W.T.D.

2.--Sullivan, in his _Familiar Letters_, states (p. 26) that:

"General Washington is well known to have expressed his heartfelt

satisfaction that the important State of Massachusetts had acceded to

the Union. There is much _secret history_ as to the efforts made to

procure the rejection (of the constitution) on the one side, and the

adoption on the other." Where can I find the fullest account of this

"secret history?"--STUDENT.

3.--Who was the first American woman to publicly espouse the cause of

Anti-Slavery? I have lately seen several names mentioned?--M.S.

4.--"Where can I find the best account of the Know-Nothings, that

figured in American politics some years ago?"

5.--The late Epes Sargent, in one of his sketches, says:--

"Semmes took a pinch of snuff, and replied,--'You remember _Mrs.

Glasse's_ well-known receipt for cooking a hare--First catch your

hare!'"--_Who was Mrs Glasse?_--LATIN SCHOOL.

6.--Where can I find a full account of the history of the Indian tribes

of early Massachusetts? The various State Histories say but little about

them.--ANTIQUARY.

7.--Has the life of Robert Rantoul Jr. ever been written? If so, by

whom?--H.A.D.

8.--Most of our States have one capital; some have two--Providence and

Newport, in Rhode Island for instance. Why two?

9.--In Chandler Robbins' "History of the Second Church," under date of

Oct. 7. 1762, occurs the following: "Voted that the singers sound the

base at the end of the lines whenever they think proper." What is the

explanation of this custom?

10.--Bartlett does not give this: "To fleet the time carelessly, as they

did in the golden world." Where is it to be found?--ELHEGOS.

* * * * *

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"_Undoubtedly the most remarkable series of articles ever published

in a magazine, and their popularity is in, accord with their

merit_."--BROOKLYN EAGLE.

_Of the numbers of_ THE CENTURY _from November, 1884 to April

1885, six issues, more than a million and a quarter copies have already

been published_.

THE WAR PAPERS IN THE CENTURY MAGAZINE.

[Illustration]

With the number for November, 1884, the first issue of a new volume,

there began to appear in this magazine a series of separate papers, the

object of which is to tell in clear and graphic manner the stories of

the great battles of the War for the Union; the authors being leading

officers on both the Federal and Confederate sides, often the first in

command, and always a participant in the engagement under consideration.

The extraordinary increase in the circulation of the magazine since

these papers were begun, and the reception by the public and the press

of the material already printed, indicate the wide-spread popular

interest in the plan.

THE NOVEMBER CENTURY contains the paper by General G.T. Beauregard, of

the Confederate army, describing "The Battle of Bull Run," with more

than twenty illustrations, including portraits of McDowell, Johnston,

"Stonewall" Jackson, and others. General Beauregard not only describes

the battle, but touches upon his relations with Mr. Jefferson Davis, and

the general conduct of the war.

THE DECEMBER CENTURY contains the graphic description of "The Capture of

Fort Donelson," by General Lew Wallace, with portraits of Buckner,

Floyd, Pillow, and others among the illustrations, and a frontispiece

portrait of General Grant, from a little-known photograph; also an

autographic reproduction of General Grant's famous "Unconditional

Surrender" letter, written to the Confederate commander at Fort

Donelson.

THE JANUARY CENTURY contains an illustrated article by Rear-Admiral

Walke, describing the "Operations of the Western Flotilla," including

engagements at Belmont, Fort Henry, Fort Pillow, Fort Donelson, Memphis,

and Island No. 10. Captain James B. Eads (who built the gun-boats)

contributes to the same number a paper on "Recollections of Foote and

the Gun-boats."

_New readers of_ THE CENTURY _desiring to secure these three

numbers, November, December, and January, and thus begin the War Series

and Mr. Howells's new novel, "The Rise of Silas Lapham," can obtain them

for $1.00 of the publishers (who will send them to any address,

post-paid, on receipt of price), or of dealers everywhere. New editions

will be printed as rapidly as the demand requires. November is now in

its sixth edition._

THE FEBRUARY CENTURY, the Midwinter number, contains a remarkable list

of attractions, including a richly illustrated paper on "Winter Sports

in Canada," an illustrated story by Mark Twain, entitled "Royalty on

the Mississippi," etc., etc. In this issue appears THE FIRST OF GENERAL

GRANT'S ARTICLES in the war series, being his long-looked-for paper on

"The Battle of Shiloh." For reasons which he recounts in the opening of

the article, general Grant never made to the Government the usual full

report touching this engagement. The paper is a comprehensive treatment

of his relations to the battle, including much of picturesque and

personal interest concerning its progress and a discussion of the main

points of controversy, together with his own estimates of the military

character and services of certain of the leading officers in both the

Union and Confederate sides.

THE CONFEDERATE SIDE AT "SHILOH" will be described in this February

number in two interesting articles, one by the son of the Confederate

leader, General Albert Sidney Johnston, killed at Shiloh, and the other

by Colonel Jordan, of general Beauregard's staff. These, with General

Grant's article, are among the most notable contributions ever made to

magazine literature. The illustrations are more than twenty-five in

number.

=======================================================================

FURTHER PAPERS BY GENERAL GRANT.

In his second paper General Grant will cover an entire year of his

service in the war, including the different campaigns against Vicksburg,

and its capitulation. In his third paper he will deal with the battle of

Chattanooga, including the strategy of the campaign from the time of his

assumption of the command. A fourth paper, on the Wilderness campaign,

will follow.

While largely engaged with the main features of the campaigns described,

General Grant has not failed to take note of significant and

characteristic details. These papers will be illustrated with the same

regard for thoroughness and accuracy which has characterized the

illustrations of the articles in the war series already published.

THE "MONITOR" AND "MERRIMAC," IN THE MARCH CENTURY.

[Illustration]

The story of this famous fight is described in the March CENTURY by Col.

John Taylor Wood, fourth officer of the "Merrimac" in the second day's

fight, and now the senior surviving officer. Col. Wood was afterward

commander of the privateer "Tallahassee." The Federal side of the battle

is told by Commander S.D. Greene, U.S.N. (whose death has just

occurred), who was the executive officer of the "Monitor," and operated

the guns within the turret. General R.E. Colston, commander of the

Confederate forces opposite Newport News, contributes an eyewitness's

account of the same battle, describing, also, the "Merrimac's"

engagement with the Federal fleet before the arrival of the "Monitor."

A paper will soon appear on "THE MONITOR," BY CAPTAIN JOHN ERICSSON,

making record of the circumstances attending the invention of that

famous craft, and treating also of the engagement at Hampton Roads.

Readers of the articles in the March number will be especially

interested in the inventor's story.

In the April CENTURY will be printed two important papers on THE CAPTURE

OF NEW ORLEANS, BY ADMIRAL PORTER AND GEORGE W. CABLE.

Admiral Porter, with whom, as he relates, the expedition against New

Orleans originated, and who was in command of the mortar-fleet during

the action, describes the Federal side of "The Opening of the Lower

Mississippi"; while George W. Cable, the novelist, and at the time a

resident of New Orleans, writes of the condition of the city and the

circumstances attending its occupation. The illustrations will include

a number of battle-scenes from sketches made by Admiral Porter.

In the May and June numbers the papers in the War Series will be largely

devoted to THE PENINSULAR CAMPAIGN BY GEN. G.B. McCLELLAN AND GEN. J.E.

JOHNSTON.

General McClellan will contribute two papers, the first of a general

nature on the Peninsular Campaign, and the second (to appear later) on

the battle of Antietam, thus covering the period of his command of the

Army of the Potomac. General Joseph E. Johnston, who commanded the

entire Confederate forces opposed to McClellan in the Peninsular

engagements until the battle of Seven Pines, when in consequence of a

wound he was succeeded by General Lee, will cover, in his papers, the

period from Manassas to Seven Pines, dealing with both battles, and with

his relations and differences with the President of the Confederacy. The

engagements at Gaines's Mill and Malvern Hill, in this campaign, will be

described in papers by GEN. FITZ JOHN PORTER AND GEN. D.H. HILL, who

were prominently engaged against each other in both actions. These will

be well supplemented by the "Recollections of a Private."

OTHER WAR PAPERS by Generals Longstreet, Pope, Gordon, Rosecrans, Buell,

Hunt, Pleasonton, Newton, and other prominent leaders, will appear in

later numbers.

=======================================================================

THE ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE SERIES will receive the most careful attention,

and in this particular it is thought that the series will possess an

unequaled historical interest. THE CENTURY has at its disposal a very

large quantity of maps and plans, portraits of general officers of both

sides, authentic paintings and drawings, and especially photographs of

camp scenes, battle-fields, famous localities, etc. A strict regard for

accuracy will guide the preparation of the illustrations.

In connection with this series is appearing a number of briefer

sketches, entitled "RECOLLECTIONS OF A PRIVATE," reflecting with

interesting and life-like details the experiences of the common soldier

from the time of enlistment to the muster-out: the drill, the march, the

bivouac, the skirmish, the charge, the pursuit, the retreat, etc., etc.

Auxiliary branches of the service will also be treated in this

supplementary way, and in several instances briefer supplementary papers

will chronicle special incidents or consider special phases of an

engagement. Personal reminiscences of several of the most prominent

military leaders, now dead, will also give variety to the scheme.

* * * * *

OTHER FEATURES OF "THE CENTURY" include W.D. Howells's new novel of an

American business man, "The Rise of Silas Lapham"; a novel, by Henry

James, "The Bostonians," begun in the February number; a series of

papers, by W.D. Howells, descriptive of some cities of Italy,

illustrated with reproductions of etchings, by Joseph Pennell; a series

of brilliantly illustrated articles on "The New Astronomy" (a paper in

this series appears in the March number); articles on "The New

North-west," on Architecture, History, French and American Art, etc.,

etc., and short stories by the best writers--many of them to be

illustrated. The War Series will not be allowed to interfere in any way

with the general features of the magazine.

* * * * *

Subscriptions may begin at any time, but in order to get the

first chapters of Mr. W.D. Howells's novel, "The Rise of Silas Lapham,"

and to commence the War Series, new subscribers should date from the

November number. The subscription price of THE CENTURY is $4.00 a year,

and single numbers can be purchased of book-sellers and news-dealers

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THE CENTURY CO. 33 East 17th Street, New-York.

* * * * *

[Illustration: FROM "RECOLLECTIONS OF A PRIVATE."]

THE CENTURY _is beyond question the first among magazines in the

English language. The people of the South owe it especial thanks not

only for the fairness of its spirit toward this section, but because it

opened its pages to many of our best writers and made them known to the

world._--THE APPEAL, MEMPHIS, TENN.

_The time has now come when this portion of our national history can be

discussed by the actors in it, whether they wore the blue or the gray,

and different versions can be judged without partiality._--ARGUS,

ALBANY, N.Y.

_The great captains on both sides will make this series the most

notable historic contribution of the day._--CONSTITUTION, ATLANTA, GA.

_Every soldier should be a subscriber to_ THE CENTURY _for the

coming year._--COURIER-GAZETTE, ROCKLAND, MAINE.

_In securing these articles from the leading generals of the great

struggle_, THE CENTURY _did the best piece of journalistic work

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UNION, N.Y.

_The wounds and passions of the late war are rapidly healing, but it

will never lose its interest to the students of history. These articles

cannot fail to be of great interest to all careful readers both North

and South._--PRESS, PARAGOULD, ARK.

_A series of important papers, the like of which has never before been

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person in the land._--THE BEACON, BOSTON, MASS.

_What a vast work for good in these several ways is the great

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over._--THE LITERARY WORLD, BOSTON, MASS.

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"Driven Back to Eden,"

[Illustration]

THE NEW SERIAL STORY

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ST. NICHOLAS, which include:

"Recollections of a Boy-Page in the U.S. Senate,"

"Historic Girls," serial papers by E.S. Brooks,

"Children of the Cold," a series by Lieut. Fred'k Schwatka,

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* * * * *

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_SEND FOR CIRCULAR_

7 BAILEY'S BLOCK, CONCORD, N.H.

FEBRUARY 17, 1875.

=======================================================================

_INCORPORATED 1830._

New Hampshire Savings Bank,

IN CONCORD.

Deposits ... $360,000

Guaranty Fund ... 125,000

Surplus ... 100,000

SAMUEL S. KIMBALL, Pres't. W.P. FISKE, Treas.

--------------------------------------

FOR SALE.

A complete set of the _Granite Monthly_. Seven volumes, bound in

cloth; price $18.00.

JOHN N. McCLINTOCK & CO.,

31 Milk St., Boston, Mass.

--------------------------------------

First National Bank,

CONCORD, N.H.

United States Depository. Transacts a General Banking Business.

_CAPITAL, $150,000. SURPLUS, $120,000._

WM. F. THAYER, Pres't. C. G. REMICK, Act'g Cash'r.

--------------------------------------

H.C. BAILEY,

PHOTOGRAPHER

DEPOT STREET, CONCORD, N.H.,

Cards, Cabinets and Imperials, made by the new instantaneous process

exclusively. Permanent engagement of a first-class operator. Every

picture warranted. Connected by telephone.

--------------------------------------

HELP for working people. Send 10 cents postage, and we will mail

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Address STINSON & CO., Portland, Me.

--------------------------------------

WOODWORTH, DOW & CO.,

_MANUFACTURERS OF MEAL_

and Wholesale Dealers in

Flour, Groceries, Lime & Cement,

Concord, N.H.

--------------------------------------

FOR SALE.

Volumes 1 and 2 of BAY STATE MONTHLY bound in cloth. Price, $2.00 each.

JOHN N. McCLINTOCK & CO.,

31 Milk St., Boston, Mass.

--------------------------------------

EDEN MUSEE, 55 WEST 23D ST. NEW YORK.

OPEN FROM 11 TO 11. SUNDAYS 1 TO 11.

Lifelike Tableaux in Wax, Stereoscopes, Concerts.

NEW ATTRACTIONS CONSTANTLY ADDED.

MORLEY'S FATA MORGANA.

Concerts Afternoon and Evening.

Admission to all, 50 cents. Children, 25 cents.

--------------------------------------

$200,000 _in presents given away._ Send us 5 cents postage,

and by mail you will get _free_ a package of goods of large value,

that will start you in work that will at once bring you in money faster

than anything else in America. All about the $200,000 in presents with

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the time, or spare time only, to work for us at their own homes.

Fortunes for all workers absolutely assured. Don't delay. H.

HALLETT & CO., Portland, Maine.

--------------------------------------

WANTED. New England Town Histories in exchange for volumes I and II

of the "BAY STATE MONTHLY."

--------------------------------------

National State Capital Bank,

_CONCORD, N.H._

_Capital, $200,000. Surplus, $75,000._

Collections made on liberal terms. Investment Securities bought and

sold. Safe Deposit Boxes for rent.

L. DOWNING, JR., Pres't. J.E. FERNALD, Cashier.

--------------------------------------

A Prize. Send six cents for postage, and receive free, a costly

box of goods which will help you to more money right away than anything

else in this world. All, of either sex, succeed from first hour. The

broad road to fortune opens before the workers, absolutely sure. At once

address, TRUE & CO., Augusta, Maine.

--------------------------------------

Loan and Trust Savings Bank,

_CONCORD, N.H._

J.E. SARGENT, President. GEO. A. FERNALD, Treasurer.

CHARTERED 1872.

_Resources March 1, 1885, $1,687,203.95_

--------------------------------------

FOR SALE.

A few volumes 5, 6, and 7 of _Granite Monthly_ (a New Hampshire

magazine). Bound in Cloth. Price $2.00 each. Early volumes out of print.

JOHN N. McCLINTOCK & CO.,

31 Milk St., Boston, Mass.

--------------------------------------

The Gillette Portrait Copying Co.,

(Formerly Boston, Mass.)

ARTISTIC PORTRAITS,

In Water Colors. Crayon, India Ink, Pastelle, Croetalevis, and Oil

Colors, from small likenesses of every description. Superior inducements

to soliciting agents.

_CONCORD, N.H._

--------------------------------------

"BREAD PILLS: A Study of Mind-Cure."

Thousands of intelligent people throughout the country are anxious to

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THE BOOK OF THE SEASON.

Do not fail to read BREAD PILLS.

For sale by all newsdealers, PRICE, 35 CENTS.

Mailed to any address on receipt of 35 cents by MUTUAL NEWS

CO., Boston, Agents.

--------------------------------------

WIN more money than at anything else by taking an agency for the

best selling book out. Beginners succeed grandly. None fail. Terms free.

HALLETT BOOK CO., Portland, Maine.

=======================================================================

BOSTON TRAVELLER.

THE BEST FAMILY NEWSPAPER,

AND

_The Best Advertising Medium in New England._

BOSTON EVENING TRAVELLER, Five Editions Daily.

BOSTON TRAVELLER, (Semi-Weekly), Tuesdays and Thursdays.

AMERICAN TRAVELLER, Thursdays.

Daily, $9 Per Annum. Semi-Weekly, $3 Per Annum. Weekly, $1.50 Per Annum.

==> SAMPLE COPIES FREE.

The Evening Traveller is delivered by carriers in Boston and Suburbs for

75 cents a month. Send orders to

_R. WORTHINGTON & CO., Publishers_, BOSTON, MASS.

--------------------------------------

STONINGTON LINE.

INSIDE ROUTE TO NEW YORK, CONNECTING WITH

Philadelphia, Baltimore, & Washington,

AND ALL POINTS

SOUTH AND WEST,

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Via Providence and Stonington, connecting with the elegant Steamers

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Tickets, Staterooms, etc., secured at

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AND AT

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Regular landing in New York, Pier 33, North River Steamer leaves the

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A.A. FOLSOM, Superintendent B. & P.R.R.

F.W. POPPLE, General Passenger Agent.

J.W. RICHARDSON, Agent, Boston.

--------------------------------------

COOLIDGE HOUSE, BOWDOIN SQUARE, BOSTON.

The Coolidge is a centrally-located, thoroughly quiet and comfortable

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=======================================================================

BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG

[Illustration]

Residents of, and visitors to Boston, should not miss seeing the

wonderful CYCLORAMA BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG, now on exhibition at

NO. 541 TREMONT STREET.

The building is large and substantial, built of brick and iron, and is

fire-proof. It is circular in shape and is ornamented by turreted walls

and towers, constructed after the manner of the old feudal castles.

The vestibule, parlors and offices at the entrance are decorated and

furnished in good style and all the appointments and accessories are in

keeping.

The spectator passes through a narrow passage and up a winding stairway

to a circular platform in the centre of the structure, whence the

picture is seen. No words can adequately describe the wonderful effects

of this life-like portrayal of the great battle. It tells in the most

vivid manner possible the whole story of that dreadful afternoon _July

3, 1863._ All around him are evidences of the terrible battle. Behind

fences, stone walls and trees, in trenches and in open fields are seen

soldiers of the blue and gray engaged in the awful struggle.

The officers who were in command on that day are easily distinguished on

the canvas. Old soldiers who have seen the painting pronounce it as

accurate as if photographed on the field.

Passing down another winding stairway we find ourselves in front of

another painting called the

UPRISING OF THE NORTH,

representing the northern troops passing through Washington on their way

to the front, reviewed by President Lincoln, who stands on a marble

rostrum, surrounded by his associates in office, while the war governor,

John A. Andrew, superintends, the breaking of the fetters from the

slaves and arming them for the country's service. Near by are seen the

troops from New England, led by General B.F. Butler, while on all sides

mothers, sisters and friends are seen wishing them God speed.

Both of these paintings are the work of the celebrated French artist, M.

Paul Philippoteaux, whose work every visitor to Paris has seen and will

remember.

=======================================================================

CARRINGTON'S BATTLES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION.

WITH 40 MAPS.

BY COL. HENRY B. CARRINGTON, U.S.A., A.M., LL.D.

Cloth, $6. Sheep, $7.50. Half Calf (various styles) or Half Mor., $9

Half Russia or Full Mor., $12.

A.S. Barnes & Co., Publishers, New York and Chicago. Author's

address, 32 Bromfield St., Boston, Mass.

THE FOLLOWING ARE EXTRACTS FROM MORE THAN 1,000 ENDORSEMENTS OF THIS

VOLUME:--

To me at least, it will be an authority. A book of permanent value, not

milk for babes but strong meat for men.--_Ex-Pres. T.D. Woolsey_.

Fills an important place in History, not before occupied.--_Wm. M.

Everts, N.Y._

The maps themselves are a History, invaluable, and never before

supplied.--_Henry Day, N.Y._

An entirely new field of Historical labor. A splendid volume, the result

of careful research, with the advantage of military experience.--_Geo.

Bancroft_.

It is an absolute necessity in our literature. No one can understand the

philosophy of the old War for Independence, until he has made a careful

and thoughtful perusal of this work.--_Benson J. Lossing_.

The maps are just splendid.--_Adj. Gen. W.L. Stryker, N.J._

The book is invaluable and should be in every library.--_Wm. L. Stone,

N.Y._

Of permanent standard authority.--_Gen. De Peister, N.Y._

Indicates such profound erudition and ability in the discussion as

leaves nothing to be desired.--_Sen. Oscar de La Fayette, Paris_.

I have read the volume with pleasure and profit.--_Z. Chandler_.

The volume is superb and will give the author enduring fame.--_B.

Gratz Brown, St. Louis_.

It should have a place in every gentleman's library, and is just the

book which young men of Great Britain and America should know by

heart.--_London Telegraph_.

The most impartial criticism on military affairs in this country which

the century has produced.--_Army and Navy Journal_.

Fills in a definite form that which has hitherto been a somewhat vague

period of military history.--_Col. Hamley, Pres., Queen's Staff

College, England_.

A valuable addition to my library at Knowlsy.--_Lord Derby, late Brit.

Sec. of State_.

A magnificent volume and a monument of national History.--_A. de

Rochambeau, Paris_.

A godsend after reading Washington Irving's not very satisfactory Life

of Washington.--_Sir Jos. Hooker, Pres., Royal Society, England_.

A book not only to be read, but to be studied.--_Harper's

Magazine_.

The author at all times maintains an attitude of judicial

impartiality.--_N.Y. Times_.

The record is accurate and impartial, and warrants the presumption that

the literature of the subject has been exhausted.--_The Nation_.

Will stand hereafter in the front rank of our most valuable historical

treasures.

The descriptions of battles are vivid. The actors seem to be alive, and

the actions real.--_Rev. Dr. Crane, N.J._

We are all indebted to you for the labor and expense of preparing this

volume, and I hope it will, in time, fully reimburse you.--_Gen. W.T.

Sherman_.

--------------------------------------

Battle Maps and Charts of the American Revolution.

By HENRY B. CARRINGTON, M.A., LL.D., U.S.A.

Published by A.S. BARNES & CO., 111 & 113 William Street, New York.

The publishers issue this work for the use of teachers and scholars, as

well as for its fitness as a companion to all Histories of the United

States, with confidence that it will prove a valuable specialty to all.

The RED Lettering represents British Movements and Leading Topics, for

the convenience of Teachers and Scholars.

The ¶ and Page references to various School Histories, which mention the

Battles make it available for use by Teachers throughout the United

States.

The volume contains the 41 maps which were the result of thirty years of

study, and are found in his standard volume, "Battles of the American

Revolution."

THE SECRETARY OF WAR has placed the "BATTLE MAPS AND CHARTS" at ARMY

POST SCHOOLS, at government expense.

FIVE STEEL ENGRAVINGS OF WASHINGTON accompany the volume. The ST. MEMIN

(crayon) as frontispiece, engraved by Hall & Sons; also PEALE'S painting

(1772), HOUDON'S bust (1784). TRUMBULL'S painting (1792) and STUART'S

painting (1796) are furnished, in steel.

Price, $1.25. Sent, post-paid, to School Superintendents and Teachers,

for introduction, upon receipt of $1.00.

Liberal terms made with Schools, Military and Civil, Army Officers and

Posts, State Militia, and the Trade.

NOTICES.

Invaluable to the student of American History.--_Baltimore (Md.)

Herald_.

Deserves a welcome in every school district, as well as in every

historical library in the land.--_Army and Navy Journal_.

In our opinion, General Carrington's work is an authority, showing great

labor and careful study, and it should become a national text-book, and

find a place in all public and private libraries.--_Indianapolis

(Ind.) Herald_.

Each map is accompanied with a statement of the generals and number of

men engaged on both sides, to which is appended the reason for such

battle or engagement, with remarks by the author, who is excellent

authority in military matters.--_The Educator (New Haven, Ct.)_.

A valuable compilation from the author's large work, and cannot fail to

make a more lasting impression upon the reader's mind than could be

derived from the perusal of many volumes of history.--_N.Y.

Herald_.

Each map is accompanied by a page of text, arranged upon a compact and

original system, so as to present a singularly clear view of the history

and significance of the engagement in question, the names of the chief

and subordinate commanders, the forces, nominal and available, the

losses on each side, and the incidents of the battle.--_N.Y. Evening

Post_.

=======================================================================

PHOTO-ELECTROTYPE

Is the name of a new process of

_ENGRAVING BY PHOTOGRAPHY_

at less than

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The plates are equal to the finest wood cuts, and in point of depth,

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For specimen sheet of our work and further particulars address

PHOTO-ELECTROTYPE CO.,

63 OLIVER STREET, BOSTON.

--------------------------------------

_ANTIQUE_

Views of Ye Town of Boston.

BY JAMES H. STARK.

This is the title of one of the most valuable contributions to the

HISTORY of BOSTON that has been made in many years. It embraces a series

of upwards of ONE HUNDRED VIEWS of OLD BOSTON, that have been gathered

from private and public collections, and most faithfully reproduced by

the Photo-Electrotype Engraving Company's process of Boston.

The Book is handsomely BOUND IN CLOTH. On the front cover is a view of

the Old State House, embossed in gold; on the back cover is a veneer

made from the Old Elm, on which is printed a view of the old tree, and

an autograph letter from Mayor Cobb (who was mayor of Boston at the time

of the destruction of the tree), certifying to its authenticity. It is a

book of 400 pages, imperial octavo, and a limited number is offered at

$6.00 PER COPY.

ADDRESS PHOTO-ELECTROTYPE CO., ... 63 OLIVER STREET, BOSTON.

--------------------------------------

STARK'S ILLUSTRATED

BERMUDA GUIDE.

The Bermuda Islands are coming more prominently before the public each

season, as a health resort and winter watering place. Although it is but

sixty-five hours' sail from New York to these coral islands, yet they

are strangely unfamiliar to most well informed Americans. Speaking our

own language, having the same origin, with manners and customs prevalent

in New England a century ago, it is only now that these islands and

their inhabitants have attracted much attention and led the public to

inquire concerning them.

It is to satisfy this demand and also to bring to the notice of those

unacquainted with the beauties of these semi-tropical islands that the

writer has been led to issue this work, which is the first illustrated

guide-book and history of Burmuda yet published. The book contains two

hundred pages, and is embellished with sixteen photo-mechanical prints

made by a new process from negatives (taken by the author during the

past winter) of the finest scenery in Bermuda. This is a new feature in

the matter of book illustrations, and it makes the work both

_BOUND IN CLOTH, PRICE $2.00, POST-PAID_

ADDRESS ALL ORDERS TO

PHOTO-ELECTROTYPE COMPANY,

_No. 63 Oliver Street, Boston, Mass._

=======================================================================

THE BAY STATE MONTHLY.

Volume I.--1884. Bound in cloth, royal 8vo.,

420 pages. Price, $2.00.

WITH

6 PORTRAITS ON STEEL, 10 MAPS, AND 107 ILLUSTRATIONS.

* * * * *

PRESS NOTICES.

"A creditable addition to Massachusetts literature."--_Boston

Globe_.

"The first six numbers form a volume of genuine historic value and

interest."--_Transcript_.

"An admirable issue."--_Malden City Press_.

"Replete with sketches which should be read in every

household."--_Winchendon Courier_.

"Furnishing much valuable historical and biographical

matter."--_Boston Commonwealth_.

"Working its way to popular favor."--_The Weekly News_.

"The Bay State Monthly is just what is needed in New England."--_The

Gorham Mountaineer_.

"New England societies will not be able to dispense with this

magazine."--_St. Paul Pioneer-Press_.

"Crammed full of historic facts; should be in every

family."--_Brockton Eagle_.

"A conspicuous article is 'Bunker Hill' (with map), by General

Carrington, U.S.A."--_Southbridge Journal._

"Has made a firm footing and held its ground well."--_Newport News and

Journal_.

"Filled with instructive literary matter, and a very reliable

map."--_Essex Banner_.

"One of the most popular in the list of monthlies."--_The Moniter

(Chatham)_.

"Handsomely gotten up, and reading-matter is interesting."--_Holyoke

Herald_.

"The steady improvement in this magazine is gratifying."--_Medford

Mercury_.

"Deserves the support of every true American, and every Massachusetts

citizen."--_The Watchman_.

"Edited ably, growing healthily, and presents features of peculiar

interest."--_Congregationalist_.

"Improves with each number."--_New England Home Journal

(Worcester)_.

"Should be in every household in Massachusetts,"--_Barre Gazette_.

"One of the noted historical magazines of the day."--_Norfolk County

Register_.

"Of that interest to the whole country that the cultured productions of

cultured Boston have usually been."--_Courier and Journal (Louisville,

Ky.)_.

"An important blank in our periodical literature has been

filled."--_Chicago News_.

"Destined to take place in the first rank."--_Watertown

Enterprise_.

"Invites the support of Massachusetts people from Berkshire to

Barnstable."--_Lowell Morning Times_.

"Already a success."--_Cape Cod Bee (Barnstable)_.

"'The Rent Veil,' by Henry B. Carrington, is a strikingly fine

production, possessing a Miltonian stateliness, and breathing a spirit

of veneration."--_New York Times_.

"Replete with choice literary productions."--_Gardner Record._

"Keeps up the character established by the first number."--_Vox Populi

(Lowell)_.

"Should be in the hands of all who desire to know the Bay

State."--_Westborough Chronotype._

"Of special interest to the citizens of Massachusetts."--_Worcester

Spy_.

"A distinctive Massachusetts magazine."--_Waltham Record_.

"Both in appearance and contents creditable to the publishers."--_New

York Literary Times_.

"Does credit to publishers and contributors."--_East Boston Argus._

"The list of contributors is enough to sell the magazine."--_Scituate

Herald_.

"Is destined to be popular and a valuable addition to the literary

world."--_Home Journal_.

"Rich in contents."--_Indianapolis Times._

"A worthy representative of the literary and typographical excellence of

cultured Boston."--_Weekly Advocate._

"Of fine appearance and high promise."--_Lawrence American_.

"Replete with choice literary contributions."--_Salem Register_.

"We predict a bright future for The Bay State Monthly."--_Norwood

Review_.

=======================================================================

Globe Theatre. MR. JOHN STETSON,--Proprietor and Manager.

THE MODEL THEATRE OF BOSTON.

ALL THE LEADING ATTRACTIONS Presented during the season.

_Best Seats, One Dollar._

--------------------------------------

BOSTON THEATRE.

TOMPKINS & HILL, Proprietors. EUGENE TOMPKINS, Manager.

ALL GREAT ATTRACTIONS,

Dramatic, Lyric, and Minstrelsy,

of the best class offered, in regular succession.

_SEE DAILY NEWSPAPERS._

-----

_German Opera Season_, WALTER DAMROSCH, Director, Beginning April 6.

MONDAY, April 6--"The Prophet." Frl. Brandt, Frau Materna, Schott,

Koegel and Standigl.

TUESDAY, April 7, and SATURDAY MATINEE, April 11--"Tannhauser." Frau

Materna, Frl. Slach, Schott, Robinson, and Koegel.

WEDNESDAY, April 8--"Fidelio." Frl. Brandt, Frl. Slach, Udvardy,

Standigl, Miller, and Kemlitz.

THURSDAY, April 9--"Lohengrin." Frl. Brandt, Frl. Slach, Schott,

Robinson and Koegel.

FRIDAY, April 10--"La Juive." Frau Materna, Frl. Slach, Udvardy, Koegel,

Kemlitz.

SATURDAY, April 11, Evening--"Gluck's Orpheus." (First time in America).

Frl. Brandt, Frl. Slach and Frl. Hoch. Chorus largely augmented by

singers from local societies.

_The New York Symphony Orchestra_,

To begin at 7.45 P.M. Tickets now on sale, with reserved seats, at

$1.50, $2 and $3.

--------------------------------------

_Boston Museum_.

Wednesday afternoon at 2 and Evening at 8, THE GUV'NOR,

Only times this season.

-----

Thursday, FAST DAY, 2 performances, also Friday Evening at 8 and

Saturday Afternoon at 2, _Ticket of Leave Man_, with remarkable cast.

-----

Saturday Evening at 8, benefit of Mr. Charles Barron, who will appear in

_The Three Guardsmen_ and A REGULAR FIX.

Mr. Sol Smith Russell introducing his laughable specialties between the

two plays.

-----

==> Monday, April 6, Redmund-Barry Co. in

_A Midnight Marriage._

--------------------------------------

WANTED.

Agents to secure subscriptions and advertisements for this magazine.

_EXCELLENT TERMS._

ADDRESS BAY STATE MONTHLY, 31 MILK STREET, BOSTON, MASS.

--------------------------------------

ARTHUR P. DODGE

Attorney and Counsellor at Law, _31 MILK ST., ROOM 46_,

Notary Public. Commissioner for New Hampshire.

--------------------------------------

JOHN N. McCLINTOCK & CO.,

Publishers, Printers, Stereotypes, and Electrotypers,

31 MILK ST. BOSTON, MASS.

-----

FINE BOOK AND JOB PRINTING.

Reasonable Terms.

_ESTIMATES CHEERFULLY FURNISHED._

-----

PUBLISHERS OF _THE BAY STATE MONTHLY_, A Massachusetts Magazine.

=======================================================================

PUBLISHER'S DEPARTMENT.

The removal of the general office of the American Express Company to the

corner of Franklin and Hawley Streets, Boston, is an event in the

history of a famous corporation. From very small beginnings, the company

has built up a business which now extends into nearly every section of

the United States and Canada, covering about forty thousand miles of

railroad and having between five thousand and six thousand agencies,

besides interests in, and connections with many other expresses in

various parts of the country.

The American Express Company began business in 1847. The United States

and Canada Express was founded in 1842, and the Eastern Express in 1854.

The American has now absorbed both of the other companies, besides

several smaller ones. The company's growth in the last few years has

been phenomenally rapid. Only five years ago the company employed only

twenty-four horses in Boston, now they have one hundred and twenty-five.

Boston now has equal express facilities with New York, and similar rates

are established from the two cities to points in the West, a fact which

Boston business men may well appreciate. A fast express is run through

to the West, which is of great value to shippers of goods and other

products requiring speedy delivery in season. Another result of the

efforts of this company is seen in the fact that a package may be sent

from a point in Maine or New Brunswick to Chicago at no higher rate than

was formerly charged to Boston.

The new offices in this city occupy three floors fifty by one hundred

feet each, arranged with every facility for transacting the large

business from this point.

The general offices of the company are in New York City, but among its

prominent directors is B.P. Cheney, Esq., who is well known as one of

New England's ablest financiers and managers. Many business men in

Massachusetts, Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont are shareholders in the

company. The executive departments are ably filled by Mr. James

Eggleston, the General Superintendent for New England, assisted in

Boston by H.W. Dwight, Superintendent, of Boston; J.W. Baldwin, Office

Manager, and O.J. Freeborn, City Superintendent. Outside of Boston, Mr.

G.H. Babbitt of Bellows Falls, Vermont, is Assistant General

Superintendent of the United States and Canada division; Mr. F.W. Carr

of Bangor, Superintendent of Maine and New Brunswick division (Eastern

Express Company); J.G. Towne, Boston, Superintendent of Massachusetts

division; M.J. Pratt, Concord, New Hampshire, Superintendent of New

Hampshire division, and F. Richardson, St. Johnsbury, Vermont,

Superintendent of Vermont division, all of whom are gentlemen well and

favorably known to the public generally and men of long experience in

the express business.

=======================================================================

JOHN N. McCLINTOCK & CO.,

Publishers, Printers, Stereotypes, and Electrotypers,

31 MILK ST. BOSTON, MASS.

-----

FINE BOOK AND JOB PRINTING.

Reasonable Terms.

_ESTIMATES CHEERFULLY FURNISHED._

-----

PUBLISHERS OF _THE BAY STATE MONTHLY_, A Massachusetts Magazine.

--------------------------------------

WANTED.

Agents to secure subscriptions and advertisements for this magazine.

_EXCELLENT TERMS._

ADDRESS BAY STATE MONTHLY, 31 MILK STREET, BOSTON, MASS.

--------------------------------------

FOR SALE.

A few volumes 5, 6, and 7 of _Granite Monthly_ (a New Hampshire

magazine). Bound in Cloth. Price $2.00 each. Early volumes out of print.

JOHN N. McCLINTOCK & CO., 31 Milk St., Boston, Mass.

--------------------------------------

FOR SALE.

Volumes 1 and 2 of BAY STATE MONTHLY bound in cloth. Price, $2.00 each.

JOHN N. McCLINTOCK & CO., 31 Milk St., Boston, Mass.

--------------------------------------

[Illustration]

ECONOMIST SUMMER COOK STOVE

IS SAFE, ODORLESS, CLEANER, EASIER TO CONTROL, GIVES LESS HEAT IN

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=======================================================================

THE BAY STATE MONTHLY.

Volume I.--1884. Bound in cloth, royal 8vo.,

420 pages. Price, $2.00.

WITH

6 PORTRAITS ON STEEL, 10 MAPS, AND 107 ILLUSTRATIONS.

* * * * *

PRESS NOTICES.

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"The first six numbers form a volume of genuine historic value and

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household."--_Winchendon Courier_.

"Furnishing much valuable historical and biographical

matter."--_Boston Commonwealth_.

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Gorham Mountaineer_.

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family."--_Brockton Eagle_.

"A conspicuous article is 'Bunker Hill' (with map), by General

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Journal_.

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citizen."--_The Watchman_.

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(Worcester)_.

"Should be in every household in Massachusetts,"--_Barre Gazette_.

"One of the noted historical magazines of the day."--_Norfolk County

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filled."--_Chicago News_.

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"'The Rent Veil,' by Henry B. Carrington, is a strikingly fine

production, possessing a Miltonian stateliness, and breathing a spirit

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State."--_Westborough Chronotype._

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Spy_.

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cultured Boston."--_Weekly Advocate._

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Review_.

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ALASKA: Its Southern Coast. And the Sitkan Archipelago. By Eliza Ruhamah

Scidmore. Boston: D. Lothrop & Co. Price $1.50. In this well-written and

exceedingly interesting volume the author opens up to us a country which

notwithstanding so much has been said of it, is yet very imperfectly

known. Although it is nine times as large as New England, and twice as

large as Texas, it is the popular impression that it is all a barren,

inhospitable region, wrapped in snow and ice the greater part of the

year, and that a visitor to its settlements must undergo perils almost

equal to those of the Greely relief expedition. Miss Scidmore in her

book dispels this illusion in the most summary manner. She spent two

summers in Alaska, and therefore speaks from personal knowledge. She

tells us that the winters at Sitka are milder than those in New York,

while the summers are delightfully cool and temperate. Some of the

grandest scenery of the continent is to be found along the Alaska coast,

in the region of the Alexander or Sitkan Archipelago, and the monthly

mail steamer is crowded with tourists during the summer season. It is

one of the easiest and most delightful trips to go up the coast by the

inside passage and cruise through the archipelago; and in voyaging past

the unbroken wilderness of the island shores, the tourist feels quite

like an explorer penetrating unknown lands. The mountain range that

walls the Pacific coast from the Antarctic to the Arctic gives a bold

and broken front to the mainland, and every one of the eleven hundred

islands of the archipelago is but a submerged spur or peak of the great

range. Many of the islands are larger than Massachusetts or New Jersey,

but none of them have been wholly explored, nor is the survey of their

shores completed. The Yosemite walls and cascades are repeated in mile

after mile of deep salt water channels, and from the deck of an ocean

steamer one views scenes not paralleled after long rides and climbs in

the heart of the Sierras. The gorges and cañons of Colorado are

surpassed; mountains that tower above Pike's Peak rise in steep incline

from the still level of the sea; and the shores are clad in forests and

undergrowth dense and impassable as the tangle of a Florida swamp.

On her first visit to Sitka the author spent a week at Victoria,

Vancouver's Island, a place which she describes as a veritable paradise.

The drives about the town, she says, along the island shores, and

through the woods, are beautiful, and the heavy, London-built carriages

roll over hard and perfect English highways. Ferns were growing ten and

twelve feet high by the roadside. Wild rose-bushes are matted together

by the acre in the clearings about the town, and in June they weight the

air with their perfume, as they did a century ago, when Marchand, the

old French voyager, compared the region to the rose-covered slopes of

Bulgaria. The honeysuckle attains the greatest perfection in this

climate, and covers and smothers the cottages and trellises with

thickly-set blossoms. Even the currant-bushes grow to unusual height,

and in many gardens they are trained on arbors and hang their red, ripe

clusters high overhead.

The old Russian town of Sitka, the most northern on the Pacific coast,

she describes as a straggling, peaceful sort of town, edging along shore

at the foot of high mountains, and sheltered from the surge and turmoil

of the ocean by a sea-wall of rocky, pine-covered islands. The moss has

grown greener and thicker on the roofs of the solid old wooden houses

that are relics of Russian days, the paint has worn thinner everywhere,

and a few more houses tumbling into ruins complete the scenes of

picturesque decay. Twenty years ago there were one hundred and

twenty-five buildings in the town proper, and it is doubtful if a dozen

have been erected since.

Miss Scidmore's descriptions of the various places she visited and the

curious things she saw are vivid and picturesque, and one can learn more

of both from her pages than from all the official reports that have been

published. It is a book that ought to have a wide popularity. It is well

illustrated and contains a map reduced from the last general chart of

Alaska published by the Coast Survey.

BOY LIFE IN THE UNITED STATES NAVY. By a Naval Officer. Boston: D.

Lothrop & Co. Price $1.25. It is difficult to write a book of boy's

adventures without falling into what is popularly called sensational

writing, that is the description of improbable incidents to arouse and

excite the imagination without any purpose beyond that result. The

writer of the present volume, while making an intensely interesting

story, has avoided this danger, and his narrative gives a not overdrawn

description of the life of a boy on a vessel in the United States Navy.

Joe Bently is the son of a Maine farmer, with a strong distaste for the

life to which he has been brought up and an equally strong love for the

sea. His desire to become a sailor has always been repressed by his

father, who, though loving his son, has no sympathy with him in this one

respect.

Mr. Bently at last gives his consent, and Joe enlists as an apprentice

in the Navy. The story of his journey, his examination, his experiences,

on board ship and his adventures while lying in foreign ports is very

graphically told, and the boy who reads it gets a clear and actual idea

of what a boy must go through on board a man-of-war before he can

graduate as an "able-bodied seaman." The writer shows a thorough

acquaintance with every thing on board ship, even to the minutest

details. The book ends with the promotion of Joe, and a promise to

continue his adventures in another volume.

THE EVOLUTION OF DODD. By W.H. Smith. Boston: D. Lothrop & Co. Price

$1.00. Here is a book we should rejoice to see in the hands of every

teacher of youth in the country. It is a living, breathing protest

against certain features of the present school systems which obtain in

various parts of the country, from that of the kindergarten to the

grammar school. The points of the author are so well taken, that the

reader is forced not only to admit the reality of the evils he

denounces, but to acknowledge the justice of the conclusions at which he

arrives.

In the evolution of character the public school has come to be a most

important factor. To it has been assigned a task equal to any other

agency that deals with human nature. But in multitudes of cases it has

become a mere mill for grinding out graduates. The "system" has largely

lost sight of the grandest thing in all the world--the individual soul.

It addresses itself to child-humanity collectively, as if characters

were manufactured, like pins, by the million, and all alike, and it

attempts to grind out this great mass, each individual like every other,

as if its members could be made interchangeable like the parts of a

government musket.

To illustrate his ideas, the author selects a representative boy, Dodd

Weaver, the eldest son of a Methodist clergyman, and carries him through

the various schools and grades of schools from the time of his entrance

to his graduation. He does not make him a model boy to begin with, and

strive to show how he was spoiled by the school system. On the contrary

he endows him with a good many disagreeable qualities; he makes him

bright, sharp, and full of vitality, with a strong bent for mischief. He

is high-tempered, quarrelsome, and disobedient, and yet in the hands of

one who understands his mental peculiarities plastic as dough. It is the

aim of the author to show how utterly useless it is to treat such

boys--and our schools are full of them--in exactly the same manner as

those of different character and temperament, and to demand that

teachers have the right to adapt their methods according to individual

demands. He says:

It is not a system--any set of rules or formularies--that can make our

school, any more than it is forms and ceremonies that make our churches.

These may all be well enough in their proper places, but there is

nothing, absolutely nothing, in them, _per se_. It is the

righteousness of the Scribes and Pharisees in the one case, and the dry

bones of pedagogy in the other.

The evil arises, in the schools as in the churches, from believing and

acting as if there were something in the system itself.

If human nature were a fixed quantity, if any two children were alike,

or anywhere nearly alike, if a certain act done for a child always

brought forth the same result, then it might be possible to form an

absolute system of pedagogy, as, with fixed elements, there is formed

the science of chemistry. But the quick atoms of spirit that manifest

their affinities under the eye of that alchemist, the teacher, are far

more subtle than the elements that go into the crucible in any other of

Nature's laboratories.

A chemist will distil for you the odor of a blown rose, or catch and

hold captive the breath of the morning meadow, and do it always just the

same, and ever with like results; but there is no art by which anything

analogous can be wrought in human life. Here a new element comes in that

entirely changes that economy of Nature in this regard. The

individuality of every human soul is this new factor, and because of it,

of its infinite variability--because no two atoms that are cast into the

crucible of life are ever the same, or can be wrought into character by

the same means--because of this, no fixed rules can ever be laid down

for evolving a definite result, in the realm of soul, by never-varying

means.

And this is where many teachers are at fault. They put their faith in a

system, a mill through which all children shall be run, and in passing

through which each child shall receive the same treatment, and from

which they shall all emerge, stamped with the seal of the institution,

"uniformity."