[Sidenote: IDA.]
[Sidenote: 547.]
[Sidenote: _H. Hunt._]
[Sidenote: The kingdom of Brenitia began.]
In the yeare of the Lord 547, which was about the first yeare of the
reigne of Aurelius Conanus, the kingdome of Brenitia began vnder a
Saxon ruler there callèd Ida, & descended of Woden. For where the said
Woden had thrée sonnes, Weldecius, Withlegris, and Beldecius; of the
first, the kings of Kent were lineallie extracted: of the second, the
kings of Mertia: and of the third sonne came the kings of Westsaxon,
and also of him was this Ida descended, being the ninth in lineall
succession from the said Beldecius and the tenth from Woden. The same
Ida was vndoubtedlie a right noble personage, and changed first that
dukedome into a kingdome; where before that time the Saxons that ruled
there, were subiects vnto the kings of Kent. Whether he tooke vpon him
of his owne accord to vsurpe the kinglie title and roiall authoritie,
or whether that the same was giuen to him by consent of other, the
certeintie appeareth not. But sure it is, that he being a woorthie
prince, did not degenerate from his noble ancestors inuincible in
warre abroad and at home, qualifieng his kinglie seueritie with a
naturall kind of courteous humanitie. The bounds of his kingdome
called (as is said) Brenitia, began in the south at the riuer of Tine,
and ended in the north at the Forth in Scotland, in the British toong
called Werd.
[Sidenote: ELLA.]
[Sidenote: 561.]
[Sidenote: The beginning of the kingdom of Deria.]
About the same time, or rather about 14 yeares after, one Ella a Saxon
also reigned as king in Deira, which kingdome began at the said riuer
of Tine in the north, & ended at the riuer of Humber toward the south.
These two kingdomes were sometime gouerned by two seuerall kings, and
afterwards at other times they were ioined in one, and gouerned by one
onelie king, and named the kingdome of Northumberland, which in
processe of time was much inlarged, so that it included the shires of
Yorke, Notingham, Darbie, Lancaster, the bishoprike of Durham,
Copland, and other countries betwixt the east and the west seas, euen
[Sidenote: The riuer of Mersie.]
vnto the riuer of Mersie. The foresaid Ella was sonne to Iffus, being
descended from Woden, as the 12 in succession from him, though not by
right line as William Malmesburie hath noted. Ida (as the same
Malmesburie dooth testifie) reigned 14 yeares.
Now Ella who was successor to Ida (as he saith) reigned thirtie
[Sidenote: _Matth. West._]
yeares, and verie valiantlie inlarged his kingdome. But one author
writeth how Ida reigned but 12 yeares, and that he builded the castell
of Bamburge, first fensing it with pales, and after with a wall of
[Sidenote: _Hen. Hunt._]
stone. The same Ida had by his wife six sonnes, begotten in lawfull
bed, Ada, Ebric, Theodoric, Athelric, Osmer, and Theofred. Moreouer he
[Sidenote: _Matt. West._]
begat of certeine concubines (which he kept) six bastard sonnes, Oga,
Aleric, Ettha, Osbale, Segor, and Segother. These came altogither into
this land, and arriued at Flemesburke with fortie ships, as Matthæus
Westmonasteriensis hath recorded. The partition of the kingdome of
Northumberland chanced after the deceasse of Ida, as the same author
signifieth: for Ada the sonne of the foresaid Ida succéeded his father
in the kingdome of Brenitia, reigning therein seuen yeares: and Ella
the sonne of Histria, a most valiant duke, began to gouerne Deira, as
both the said Matth. Westm. and others doo affirme.
[Sidenote: VORTIPORUS.]
[Sidenote: _Matt. West._ noteth 578.]
Vortiporus the sonne of Aurelius Conanus succéeded his father, and
began to reigne ouer the Britains, in the yéere of our Lord 576, in
the 11, yeare of the emperour Flauius Anicius Iustinus, in the fourth
yeare of the reigne of Childeric king of France, and in the fourth
yeare of Clephis the Gothish king in Italie. This Vortiporus
vanquished the Saxons in battell, as the British histories make
mention, and valiantlie defended his land and subiects the Britains,
from the danger of them and other their allies. In the time of this
kings reigne, the foresaid Ella began to rule in the south part of the
kingdome of Northumberland called Deira, as before is mentioned,
according to the account of some authors, who also take this
Vortiporus to begin his reigne in the yeare 548. After that Vortiporus
[Sidenote: _Matt. West._ noteth 3 yeares.]
had ruled the Britans the space of 4 yeares, he departed this life,
and left no issue behind him to succéed him in the kingdom.
Against this Vortiporus Gyldas also whetting his toong, beginneth with
him thus: "And why standest thou as one starke amazed? Thou (I say)
Vortiporus the tyrant of Southwales, like to the panther in maner and
wickednesse diuerslie spotted as it were with manie colors, with thy
hoarie head in thy throne, full of deceits, crafts and wiles, and
defiled euen from the lowest part of thy bodie to the crowne of thy
head, with diuers & sundrie murthers committed on thine owne kin, and
filthie adulteries, thus proouing a naughtie sonne of a good king, as
Manasses was to Ezechias. How chanceth it that the violent streames of
sinnes which thou swallowest vp like pleasant wine, or rather art
deuoured of them, (the end of thy life by little and little now
drawing néere) can not yet satisfie the? What meanest thou that with
fornication of all euills, as it were the full heape, thine owne wife
being put away, thou by hir honest death dooest oppresse thy soule
with a certeine burthen that can not be auoided, of thine vnshamefast
daughter? Consume not (I pray thée) the residue of thy daies to the
offense of God, &c." These and the like woords vttered he, exhorting
him to repentance, with admonitions taken out of the scriptures both
for his comfort and warning.
¶ If the circumstance of this that Gyldas writeth of Vortiporus be
marked, it may be perceiued, that Geffrey of Monmouth, and also
Matthew of Westminster, the author of the floures of histories, are
deceiued, in that they take him to be the sonne of Aurelius Conanus:
and rather it may be gathered, that not onlie the same Aurelius
Conanus and Vortiporus, but also Constantinus, yea & Cuneglasus, and
Maglocunus, of the which he also intreateth (as partlie shall be
hereafter touched) liued and reigned all at one time in seuerall parts
of this Ile, and not as monarchs of the whole British nation, but as
rulers each of them in his quarter, after the maner as the state of
Ireland hath béene in times past before the countrie came vnder the
English subiection, if my coniecture herein doo not deceiue me.
* * * * *
_Malgo reigneth ouer the Britains, the noble qualities wherewith he
was beautified by his filthie sinnes are blemished, Gyldas reproueth
Cuneglasus for making warre against God and man, and this Malgo for
his manifold offenses, the vile iniquities wherevnto the British
rulers were inclined, the valiantnesse of Kenrike king of the
Westsaxons, his victories against diuers people his enimies,
succession in the gouernment of the Westsaxons, Northumberland, and
Kentish Saxons; the first battell that was fought betwixt the Saxons
in this Iland, Cheuling with his Westsaxons encounter with the
Britains and get the vpper hand, three kings of the Britains slaine,
and their people spoiled of their lands, goods and liues._