CONCLUSION.
We fly from the Widow--Arrival at Constantinople--English
Philanthropy--The Baroness Burdett-Coutts--First Acquaintance
with a well known Actress--Osman Pasha back again--The Turkish
Skobeleff--A much perforated Paletot--Captain Morisot's
Career--A Romantic Escape--On Board the _Gamboge_--We reach
Smyrna--Mr. and Mrs. Zohrab--A Sympathetic Englishwoman--Zara
Dilber Effendi--Back in London--Patriotic Ditties--An
Incredulous Music-hall Proprietor--Non é Vero--Bowling out a
Story-teller.
We had time to call on Mr. Biliotti again, and to thank him for all his
kindness; and then we went on board the _Simois_, which was ready to
cast off her moorings and head out for Constantinople. Our Spanish widow
was consistent to the last. The real hardships of the journey had not
improved her temper; and when we resolutely declined to pay her passage
to Constantinople in the steamer, she cursed us up and down Trebizond,
each and severally, with the comprehensive particularity that was
devoted to the historic cursing of the Jackdaw of Rheims. She was indeed
that rare--or somewhat rare--phenomenon, an ungrateful woman.
When we reached Constantinople the whole place was full of excitement,
for the Russian army was at San Stefano, only a few miles away, and Pera
was almost like a Russian town. Every day hundreds of Russians might be
seen clanking up and down the streets in full uniform, when they came in
on leave from San Stefano.
English philanthropy was displayed as generously at this stage as it had
been throughout the entire course of the war, and English gold was
freely spent on the relief of starving and fever-stricken refugees from
the Turkish provinces as well as on the sick and wounded troops. We got
into touch with the philanthropic scheme undertaken by the Baroness
Burdett-Coutts, who had sent out a large sum of money for the relief of
the refugees; and we also met Mr. William Ashmead-Bartlett, the
administrator of the fund, who afterwards married the baroness. He was
ill with typhoid fever contracted from some of the refugees, and was
under treatment at the English hospital, where his brother (now Sir
Ellis Ashmead-Bartlett) was looking after him. Denniston, Stoker, and I
paid a visit of inspection to the temporary hospitals established with
the money supplied by the Baroness Burdett-Coutts, and furnished a
report upon them.
It is to Sir Ellis Ashmead-Bartlett that I owe my first introduction to
a very charming American lady, who has since become known to a wide
circle through her career on the stage. When I first met her she was an
extraordinarily pretty woman, and she and her husband were on their
honeymoon trip. He was a very gentlemanly man, with a rather retiring
disposition; while she was about twenty years of age, and a perfect
model of youthful womanhood. Every glance of her brightly flashing eyes
and every line of her finely moulded figure told of bounding life and
vivacity. Sir Ellis Ashmead-Bartlett and I saw a good deal of her and
her husband for a week or two. We had lunch together often, and took
part in several picnics up the Bosphorus, in that spring-time nineteen
years ago, when the blue waters of the strait and the bright eyes of La
belle Americaine laughed in harmony, while Europe was waiting with
beating heart for the verdict--peace or war. I met the B---- P----s
again on board the steamer which took me away from Constantinople. Then
our paths in life divided, and I had almost forgotten the vivacious
American lady, when one evening a year or two ago I dropped into the
Princess's Theatre in Melbourne to see Sardou's great play _La Tosca_.
In the actress who was playing the name part I recognized my
acquaintance of the stirring times of the war. It was Mrs. B---- P----.
Osman Pasha, who had been a prisoner of war in Russia, had been sent
back into Turkey at the cessation of hostilities, and I went up to call
on him at the Seraskierat. He was never a very communicative man, and
the mental strain which the magnificent defence of Plevna and ultimately
the tragic fall of the town imposed upon him seemed to have deepened his
natural reserve. However, he gave me a hearty welcome, and appeared to
be much interested in my account of our doings in Erzeroum. I told him
that if war broke out again on a larger scale than before, I would
return to my old comrades; and I said that if I ever came back to
Constantinople, I would like to bring him a little present from England.
When I asked him what he would choose, he said that there was nothing
which he would like so much as a real English saddle and bridle. Osman
Pasha was a thorough soldier in his love for a first-class equipment,
and I was sorry that I never had the opportunity of seeing him again to
make him the present.
Dear old Hassib Bey, the principal medical officer in Plevna, was quite
affected when he saw me again, and we had a great chat over old times.
Tewfik Pasha, who was the Skobeleff of the Turkish army, was living in a
house at Galata, and I went to call on him there. When I entered the
room, he was deeply moved, and embraced me warmly. Tewfik was always in
the forefront of the battle while I was in Plevna; and when the
memorable attack was delivered in which he recaptured the Krishin
redoubts from Skobeleff, it was Tewfik who headed the column of assault
and cheered the Turks on to victory. He seemed to bear a charmed life;
for in spite of all the hot fighting that he had done, he had come
through the campaign without a scratch. When I mentioned that he had
been extraordinarily lucky in all his fighting, he motioned to his
soldier servant who was in the room to take down a big military paletot
which hung on the wall. The man took down the overcoat which was the
garment that Tewfik Pasha had worn all through the siege. It was
fastened down the front with frogs instead of buttons, and was provided
with ample skirts that would blow about in the wind when the coat was
not fastened securely. At Tewfik's request I examined it, and counted no
fewer than eleven different bullet-holes through the cloth. In some
cases no doubt one bullet had made two holes; but it was evident that on
a good many different occasions the gallant soldier who wore the garment
was literally within an inch of death.
Captain Morisot and I were invited to go to dinner one day at San
Stefano with a party of Russian officers; but, much to my
disappointment, something interfered with the engagement, and I missed
the only chance I ever had of meeting the famous Skobeleff, who was
then quartered at the little port on the Dardanelles. I found Morisot a
delightful companion; and now that we were not oppressed with hospital
duties, I had plenty of time to enjoy his society. His career indeed was
a most romantic and interesting one. He had been shut up in Metz with
Bazaine during the Franco-Prussian war, seven years earlier; and when
the much criticised marshal capitulated, Morisot became a prisoner of
war with the rest of the garrison, and was sent away to Stettin on the
Baltic. Though the prisoners were carefully watched, Morisot, who spoke
English like an Englishman, managed to arrange a plan of escape; and one
dark night he and another French officer eluded the guards, and pulled
out in a dingy to a small Scottish schooner, trading between Glasgow and
Stettin. The skipper, who was a "braw mon fra Glasgie," and hated the
Prooshians with a deep and deadly hatred, received Morisot and his
companion with enthusiasm, and landed them after a fair passage at
Copenhagen, where they were given quite an ovation. The
Schleswig-Holstein affair was still fresh in the minds of the Danes, and
they were delighted at the opportunity of doing honour to men who had
drawn the sword against Germany. Morisot afterwards went to England; and
when the Russo-Turkish campaign broke out, he hurried to Constantinople
in search of further adventures. Animated as he was by the true spirit
of a soldier of fortune, Morisot found a scope for his energies
afterwards in the ideal field of military adventure. "Ex Africa semper
aliquid novi," wrote an old historian; and the dashing young Frenchman,
recognizing the truth of the remark even in these days, went to the
Cape.
A feeling was creeping over me that it was high time I had a rest after
all the storm and stress of battle; and when a letter came to me one day
from my mother, who was in England, I packed up my things on a sudden
impulse and stepped on board the Messageries steamer _Gamboge_. Among my
fellow passengers were Mr. and Mrs. B---- P----, who were bound on a
trip through the Holy Land, and left us at Smyrna. I also met again
Admiral Sir William Hewitt, who had entertained us on board his ship the
_Achilles_ before I went to Erzeroum. He and I occupied the same cabin
on the voyage.
At Smyrna I found our old friend Mr. Zohrab with his wife. Mrs. Zohrab
was a dear, kind, motherly Englishwoman; and when she saw me, the
thought of the sufferings that we had all gone through in Erzeroum and
the fate which had fallen upon so many of the people whom she knew quite
overcame her. She flung her arms round my neck, and burst into tears. Of
course Mr. Zohrab was very anxious to hear all that had happened to us
since he left Erzeroum, and whether we were comfortable in the house
that he was obliged to desert. I told him that we did full justice to
his provisions and his wines; and the expression of his face was quite
pathetic when I described the delightful little dinner parties that we
gave to the Russian officers out of his ample stores. Poor old Zohrab!
He listened with much the same feelings that Ulysses might have had when
the island princes, over-bold, were feasting on his substance and the
steam of the roasting beef (which the poet avers is dear to the gods)
rose up in his lordly halls.
Recollections of Osman Pasha's ball at Widdin came back to me when I met
at Smyrna Zara Dilber Effendi, the skilful entertainer who arranged all
the details of that never to be forgotten function. He and I spent the
afternoon together, and had much to tell each other. The sight of this
polished and dignified gentleman carried me back to my first experiences
in Turkey, and his face was almost the last that I saw before I went on
board ship again, and said good-bye for ever to that strange empire
where the glow of romance and chivalry and the pure flame of passionate
patriotism shone among the gathering shadows that have since almost
obscured the "light of other days."
When I reached London, I found all England ringing with the tidings of
the fighting, and there were plenty of evidences of the interest taken
in the political situation. The music-halls, where one may touch the
pulse of popular feeling, were crowded every night with audiences who
tumultuously applauded the patriotic ditties that were encored over and
over again, especially the famous song which set forth that "The
Russians shall not have Constantino-o-ple."
I happened one night to stroll into the newly built "Canterbury Theatre
of Varieties," which, by means of the novelty of a sliding roof,
combined with a programme illustrating scenes in the campaign which was
just concluded, drew big crowds nightly. One of the items on the
programme was a realistic scene depicting the taking of the Grivitza
redoubt by the Russians, and I watched the gallant "supers" with mingled
feelings as they charged home upon the cardboard bayonets. The scene was
capitally done, and there was a prodigious expenditure of ammunition,
which the audience applauded mightily. After the performance I sent my
card round to Mr. Villiers, who was the proprietor of the show,
intimating that I would like to see him. A tall, rather good-looking
man, in the elaborate evening dress of a prosperous theatrical manager,
and wearing an enormous diamond in his shirt front, made his appearance,
and listened quietly while I complimented him upon the realism of the
entertainment. I told him that it was really a very creditable show,
but that there were one or two points in which it might be improved, and
that, as I was the only Englishman in Plevna during the attack, I could
give him some hints which would make the representation more accurate
historically, while at the same time not impairing the spectacular
effect. Mr. Villiers, who, by the way, was the uncle of my friend Fred
Villiers, the war correspondent, did not seem very enthusiastic. In
fact, his demeanour was distinctly discouraging. I felt that he had
something to say, and waited anxiously for his answer. "Well, sir," he
remarked, looking me straight in the face while he twiddled his heavy
gold watch-chain, "I am not going to say that I don't believe you; but
you are the eleventh man who has come round here with exactly the same
story." I was crushed, and bowed myself out from the presence of the
potentate, almost wondering whether I really ever had been to Plevna.
That there were plenty of impostors about, and that Mr. Villiers had
ample ground for being suspicious of casual strangers professing to have
Turkish military experience, I soon discovered for myself. I happened to
be travelling up to Scotland a couple of days afterwards, when a
gentlemanly looking individual got into the smoking carriage with me,
and we fell to chatting upon the current topics of the day. The
stranger began to interest me vastly, when he turned the conversation
dexterously into a discussion of the Russo-Turkish campaign, and
informed me that, though an Englishman, he had served in the artillery
under Osman Pasha, and had been present in Plevna during the siege. I
let him go on for fully a quarter of an hour recounting his apocryphal
exploits, and then I thought it was time to speak. "Well, sir," I said,
"it is a most extraordinary thing to think that you could have told that
story to any other man in England except myself, and he might have
believed you." I gave him my name, and told him that I knew all the
artillery officers in Plevna, and that he certainly was not one of them.
Never was an unfortunate _raconteur_ so non-plussed. He threw up the
sponge at once, and admitted that his story was a fabrication suggested
to him by the fact that he had once made a holiday trip in Turkey.
And now the close of the book is reached; but before the last word is
written, I should like to express my profound admiration for the
soldierly qualities of the rank and file of the Turkish army, with whom
I lived on terms of intimate companionship for nearly two years.
Courageous in misfortune, uncomplaining under the most awful suffering,
good-humoured in every situation, the Turkish troops, both officers and
men, showed throughout all the campaign the temper of true heroes. I
need hardly say that for me it is deeply painful to think that the men
whom I almost idealized, the men with whom I fought and suffered, with
whom I tasted the glory of victory and the bitterness of defeat, should
lie under the accusation of the atrocities which we must believe have
been committed in 1896, not only in Armenia, but also in Constantinople.
Yet through the black cloud that hangs over the Turkish Empire to-day I
can still discern the distant stars; for I can look back with honest
pride to the high sense of honour, the dauntless courage, the loyalty
and true patriotism of those who were my comrades in arms in the earlier
and brighter days.
INDEX.
ABDUL KERIM PASHA, 49, 99.
_Achilles_, 309, 420.
Adil Pasha, 60, 183.
Adrianople, 301.
Ahmed Pasha, 106.
Ahmet, 22, 185, 189, 256, 258;
his return to the ranks, 297.
Ahmet Bey, 48;
captures a Servian, 49.
Ak Palanka, 30.
_Alexandra_, 309.
Alexinatz, 30, 34.
Alix, Colonel, 308.
Alouf Pasha, 113.
Anisimoff, Captain, 378.
Arab regiment, cases of malingering, 145;
remedy, 147.
Ararat, Mount, 365.
Archæological curiosities, 365.
Archbishop, Catholic Armenian, of Erzeroum, 364.
Armenians, sickness of, 364, 374.
Artzar village, 103.
Ashkaleh, 363.
Ashmead-Bartlett, Sir E., 415, 416.
Ashmead-Bartlett, Mr. W., 415.
Austin, Charles, special correspondent for the _Times_, 370.
BAIBURT, 320, 334, 362, 374.
Baker Pasha, 50, 308.
Baltic, 419.
Bash Tabiya redoubt, 237, 255, 265.
Basilio, Father, 354.
Batavia, 38.
Bavaria, 4.
Bazaine, 419.
Bazias, 9.
Beaconsfield, Lord, 372.
Belgrade, 9.
Beresford, Dr., 392.
Bergan, General, 308;
rifle bullet, 132.
Berlin Congress, 372.
Besika Bay, 372.
Bey, Fano, 301.
Bey, Temple, 300.
Biliotti, Sir A., English consul at Trebizond, 316, 361, 414.
Bingen, 9.
Black, Dr., 61;
his habits, 62;
arrested, 64;
sent from Widdin, 65.
Black Sea, 11, 14, 315.
Blantyre, Lord, 324;
his hospital, 326;
generosity, 334.
Bonn, 3, 9.
Bosphorus, 11, 14.
Bouchon, Captain, 65.
Bourbaki, 85.
Brestovitz village, 225.
Brisbane, 36.
Briscoe, 308.
Buckle, Dr., 324, 368.
Buda-Pesth, 3, 9.
Bukova redoubts, 220;
village, 115, 127, 137.
Bulgareni road, 170.
Bulgarians, characteristic, 23;
fondness for bright colours, 41;
folk-songs, 42.
Burdett-Coutts, Baroness, her fund for the relief of the refugees, 415.
Busch, Dr., 68;
Mdme., 68.
Busch, Prof., 3.
Butler, Dr., 11.
Byron, Lord, extract from "The Siege of Corinth," 350.
C----, SENHOR GARCIA, 4.
Cambridge, Duke of, 43.
Camp life, routine of, 263.
"Canterbury Theatre," 422.
Carlo, Monte, 36.
Carlos, Don, 85.
Casson, Dr., 324, 368.
Chefket Pasha, 194;
his relief column, 283.
Christmas dinner, 52, 342-345;
mixing the plum pudding, 343.
Circassians, their bravery and rapacity, 94;
raid on Roumanian cattle, 95;
private forays, 98;
looting the dead, 148, 150.
Coblenz, 9.
Cole, Rev. Mr., 351, 352.
_Colghassi_, or major, 14.
Cologne, 9.
Commerell, Vice-Admiral Sir Edward, 363.
Constantinople, 12, 16, 303, 415;
number of Sundays, 17;
adventurers, 305.
Cooktown, 39.
Copenhagen, 419.
Crajova, 73.
Crescent, origin of the, 12.
Czetwertinski, Prince, 32, 171, 178, 195, 202, 231, 243, 251, 259;
his career, 33-39;
death, 39;
sent away invalided, 265.
DAGHISTAN, 378.
Danube, 9, 58.
Dardanelles, 14, 419.
David, 325.
Dead, burial of the, 152, 349.
Denniston, Dr. James, 324, 326, 331, 335, 336, 342, 351, 360, 374, 379,
383, 390, 400, 404, 415.
Derby, Lord, 340.
Devoi Boyun, 384.
Dickson, Gen. Sir C., 304, 313.
Dolni-Netropol village, 259.
Drachenfels, 3, 9.
Dugald, Lieut., 223.
Duhoffskoy, Gen., 395, 397, 400.
Duhoffskoy, Princess, 398-400.
ECCLES, DR. SIMON, 10.
Eden, Garden of, legendary site of the, 316, 323.
Edhim Effendi, 30.
Edim Pasha, 217.
Edinburgh, 3.
Egyptian troops, compared with the Turkish allies, 66.
Ehrenbreitstein, 9.
Emin Bey, 109, 206.
Eolia-tepe, 368.
Epsom salts, method of giving, 76.
Erzeroum, 323;
condition of the Turkish garrison at, 312, 314;
first impression of, 325;
population, 326;
interior of the gaol, 336;
mortality, 348;
burial of the dead, 349;
horrors of, 359;
occupied by the Russians, 367;
last week in, 396;
departure from, 403.
Erzinghan, 374;
expedition to, 341.
Eski-Zagra, 166.
Euphrates river, 323.
FAIZI, 34, 203, 258.
Fetherstonhaugh, Charles, 324, 326, 331;
attacked by fever, 335.
FitzGeorge, Colonel, 43.
Fitzgerald, war correspondent of the _Standard_, 66.
Flemington, race meeting at, 38.
Foley, 44.
Forbes, Archibald, 245.
Forbes, Dr., 8.
Forbes, Litton, 30, 31.
Francis, Mr. J. E., 8.
Franco-Prussian war, 419.
French, difficulties in talking, 368.
Frostbite, cases of, 333, 336.
GALATA, 12, 417.
Galicia, 33, 35.
_Gamboge_, 420.
Gay, Drew, war correspondent to the _Daily Telegraph_, 217, 244;
succeeds in getting to Sofia, 245-247.
Gebhardt, 242.
Geneva, 192.
Geoffrey, 8.
Ghumish Khané, 319, 362.
Gill, Dr., 301.
Giorgione, Captain, 80, 81.
Glasgow, 419.
Goar, St., 9.
Golden Horn, 17.
Gordon, General, 84.
Gorny Dübnik, 313.
Gourko, General, 106, 166.
"Green Hills," 115, 229.
Grivitza redoubt, 185, 220, 221, 225, 228, 235;
village, 114, 121, 127, 137, 169;
attack on, 171.
Gunner, death of a, 124.
Gunshot wounds, variety of, 130.
Guppy, Dr., 324, 351.
HAIN-BOGAN, 106.
Hainkioj, 106.
_Hakem bashi_, 29.
Hakki Bey, 351, 375, 385, 396.
Hakki Pasha, 262, 300.
Hamdi Bey, 217.
Harris, his scheme for blowing up a bridge, 306.
Harvey, Mr., 285, 315, 316, 326, 331.
Hassan Hairi Pasha, 99.
Hassan Labri Pasha, 79, 157, 174, 206, 213.
Hassan Pasha, 106.
Hassan, Prince, 66.
Hassib Bey, head of the hospital, 63, 89, 101, 125, 136, 157, 159, 198,
294, 417;
his interview with Dr. Mackellar, 288.
Herbert, Lieut. V., _Defence of
Plevna_, 101 _note_.
Hewitt, Admiral Sir William, 309, 420.
Heymann, General, his wish to inhabit the Consulate, 384;
death, 387.
Hobart, 231.
Hornby, Admiral, 309.
Hospital, number of cases, 272;
horrors of the, 272-279;
condition, 273;
gangrene, 278, 334.
Huon river, 321.
Hussein Effendi, 375.
IBRAHIM BEY, COLONEL, 222;
redoubt, 222, 226.
Ichtiman village, 23, 301.
Ilidja village, 363, 405.
Irving, Sir Henry, 10.
Isker river, 111.
Ismet, Gulf of, 14, 309.
Izzet Effendi, 31.
Izzet Pasha, 67, 101.
JACK, 62.
James, Captain, 43.
Janik Bair, 121, 127, 137, 170, 259, 266.
Jardin, M., 386, 401.
_Jarra bashi_, 29.
Jeune, Sir Francis, 10.
Jevislik, 361.
Jews, number of, 57.
Jules, Mr., 37.
Julier Pass, 321.
KABOBS, 103.
_Kaimakan_, 119.
Kakrinka village, 209.
Kalafat, 60, 81;
bombardment from, 90.
Kanli Tabiya, 237.
Kars, attack on, 332;
march of the wounded prisoners from, 333.
Kavanlik redoubt, 242.
Keen, Howard, 46.
Kemball, Sir Arnold, 316, 323.
Kennett, Mr. V. Barrington, 289, 312, 314.
Khartoum, 84.
Kischeneff, 89.
Klapka, General, 33.
Komaroff, General, 381.
_Konak_, or townhall, 58.
Kop village, 362.
Kopdagh Pass, 323, 362, 406;
crossing the, 407.
Krenke rifle, 132.
Krishin redoubt, 220, 225.
Krivodol, 105, 107.
Kronberg, Dr., 68;
Mdme., 68.
Kronberg, Dr., 242, 265, 269;
his hatred of the Bulgarians, 270.
Krüdener, General, 106, 166.
Kurd Ismael Pasha, 340, 367.
Kustler, Dr., 102, 146, 242.
Kyrchehir Regiment, 18;
ordered to Sofia, 50;
to Orkhanieh, 53;
to Widdin, 55.
LADY patient, the first, 27.
Lalor, Sir Peter, 83.
Lauri, Victor, 35, 217, 226, 243, 246, 265;
his portrait of the Khedive, 217;
German sausage, 248.
Lazistan, 317;
men, 318;
dogs, 318.
Leader, Nicholas, war correspondent of the _Daily Telegraph_, 84;
his adventurous career, 85;
death, 86.
Lemberg, 33, 35.
Leslie, Armand, 30.
Leslie, Ralph, 44.
Lom, army of the, 50, 165.
London, 8, 421.
Lovtcha, 99;
occupied by General Sobatoff, 154;
inhabitants, 155;
recaptured by Osman Pasha, 156;
march towards, 207;
news of the fall, 209.
MACEDON, PHILIP OF, 12.
MacGahan, war correspondent for a London newspaper, 25, 245.
Mackellar, Dr., 283, 284, 293, 301;
interview with Osman Pasha, 286;
with Hassib Bey, 288.
Magack, 366, 369.
Mahomed II., 12.
Malingering, cases of, 21, 145.
Mammoth battery, 225, 226.
Marmora, Sea of, 14.
McCalmont, Captain, 316.
Medical staff, mortality among, 360;
loss of supplies, 263.
Medjidie, fourth order of the, 379, 392;
fifth order, 34.
Mehemet Ali, the paymaster, 18, 22, 101.
Mehemet Ali Pasha, 50, 99.
Mehemet, Circassian servant, 120.
Mehemet Nazif Bey, 157.
Melbourne University, 3.
Melikoff, General, his attack on Kars, 332;
in Erzeroum, 367;
reviews his troops, 371;
his appearance, 374;
administrative ability, 391.
Metternich, Prince, 33.
Metz, 419.
Michael, Grand Duke, 363.
Midhat Pasha, 24.
Mikren, 210.
Misserie's Hotel, 12, 303.
Montagnes Vertes, 235.
Moon, eclipse of the, 196.
Moore, Dr. Bond, 283, 285, 293;
his interview with Osman Pasha, 286.
Moravia river, 39.
Morisot, Captain, 284, 314, 316, 326, 331, 334, 364, 404, 418;
attacked with typhus fever, 351;
his return to Erzeroum, 392;
career, 419.
Mukhtar Pasha, 314, 326.
Munday, Baron, 301, 314.
Murray, Mr. D. Christie, 283, 293.
Mustapha Bey, 34, 172, 178, 259, 262, 298.
Musurus Pasha, Turkish ambassador in London, 8.
NALBAN-TEPE, 368.
_Narghileh_, 30.
Netropol village, 261.
Neuchâtel, 8, 118.
New Caledonia, 192.
Nicodema, Gulf of, 14.
Nicopolis, 166;
march to, 101;
invested by the Russians, 106.
Nightingale, Miss Florence, 15.
Nile, 84.
Nish, 30, 32, 39.
Norton, Colonel, 308.
Norway, 3.
ODESSA, 35.
O'Donovan, Edmund, 85, 337;
his dinner to the Circassians, 337-339;
war correspondent of the _Daily News_, 340.
Opanetz village, 115, 121, 127, 220, 225, 259.
Orenburg Cossacks, 378.
Orkhanieh, pass of, 52, 300.
Osma river, 155, 210.
Osman Bey, 206.
Osman Effendi, 67, 143, 180, 239, 242.
Osman Pasha, 34, 67, 104, 108;
commander-in-chief of the troops in Widdin, 60;
his ball, 68-73;
his interest in artillery practice, 97;
on his troops, 98;
his plan of campaign, 99;
army, 101;
condition of his men, 102;
his arrival at Plevna, 120;
defeats the Russians, 126;
his force, 126;
strict disciplinarian, 147;
his preparations for recapturing Lovtcha, 155;
his bay cob, 169;
at Grivitza, 170;
rallies the men, 175;
congratulations on his victory, 182;
presented with the first order of the Osmanli, 183;
his address to the troops, 183;
antipathy to war correspondents, 192;
council of war, 212;
his care of the wounded, 243;
wish to attend the _parlementaire_, 251;
reception of the medical party, 285;
wish for an English saddle and bridle, 417.
Osmanli, fourth order of the, 392.
PAIN, OLIVIER, 158, 190-196;
war correspondent of a Geneva newspaper, 192.
Paris, 3.
Parramatta, 37.
Pearse, 310.
Pelischat, 35;
battle of, 198-205.
Pera, 12, 415.
Persian, practical joke on a, 397.
_Pilaf_, or boiled rice, 26.
Pinkerton, John, 301, 324, 326, 331, 334, 342;
attacked by typhus fever, 346;
death, 350.
Pirot, 29.
Pizareff, Captain Serge, 370, 374, 377, 381, 388.
Plevna, 3, 34, 113, 114, 217;
march to, 107;
inhabitants, 114;
fortifications, 115, 152, 184;
commencement of hostilities, 121;
first battle, 122;
repulse of the Russians, 127;
second battle, 166;
revival of trade, 182;
earthworks, 184, 220;
third battle, 219;
system of field fortification, 220;
defeat of the Russians, 235;
report on the state of the wounded, 289-292.
Po, the, 7.
Poradim, 166, 197.
Power, Frank, war correspondent for the _Daily Telegraph_, 83;
death, 85.
Pressburg, 3.
Price, 393.
Prinkapo, 309.
Pruth, 79.
Purnekapan, 323, 362, 406.
Pyæmia, ravages of, 276, 331, 334.
RADISHEVO village, 72, 169, 227, 236.
Rahova garrison, 99.
Rasgrad, 166.
Red Cross Society, 30.
Redif Pasha, 100.
Redoubts, construction of, 221;
access to, 222;
area, 223.
Reif Bey, 125, 159.
Rennison, Tom, 342, 343, 367, 380, 385.
Revel Regiment, 232.
Rhine, 9.
Rifaat Pasha, Brigadier, 156, 209.
Robert, Dr., 118, 121, 125, 152, 189, 297;
his hospitality, 164.
Rochefort, Henri, 192.
Rome, 4.
Rookh, 242, 270.
Rosen, Baroness von, 301.
Roumania espouses the Russian cause, 79.
Roumania, Prince Charles of, 251.
Roumanian gunners, difficulty in finding the range, 97;
troops, 60;
vessel blown up, 92.
Roy, Dr., 301, 392.
Russia, declaration of war, 88;
plan of campaign, 105.
Russians, hostility against Plevna, 121;
number of men, 126, 224;
defeated, 127, 177, 235;
losses, 137 _note_, 177, 224 _note_, 238;
their simple faith, 149;
attack on Grivitza, 171;
retreat, 172;
the dead, 179;
guns captured, 198;
victory at Lovtcha, 210;
capture redoubts, 232;
official statement on the result, 235;
retire to Radishevo, 236;
their _parlementaire_ with Tewfik Pasha, 251-254;
victory at Telish, 313;
hospitality to doctors, 367;
entry of troops into Erzeroum, 371;
review, 371;
sufferings, 373;
cruelty to the Turks, 382.
Rustchuk, 9, 11.
S----, DR., 30, 45;
his quarrel with a Turkish major, 46-48;
death, 48.
Sadik Pasha, 229, 256, 268.
Said Pasha, 105.
Salisbury, Lord, 372.
Samsoun, 315.
San Stefano, 265, 415, 418;
treaty of, 372.
Sardou, his play _La Tosca_, 416.
Schaffhausen, falls of, 9.
Schahoffskoi, Prince, 166.
Schilder-Schulder, General, 122;
his attack on Plevna, 126;
his force, 137 _note_.
Schmidt, 327.
Scudamore, Mr. F. Ives, 66, 307.
Scutari, 15.
Seraskierat, or War Office at Constantinople, 8, 14, 304.
Servia, appeal to the Powers, 50;
armistice declared, 60.
Sevastopol, 219.
Sgalevitcha, 198.
Shipka Pass, 86;
taken, 106.
Shumla, 99;
Regiment, 102.
Sieben Gebirge, 3.
_Simois_, 405, 414.
Sinope, 315.
Siropé, 325.
Sistova, 44, 106.
Sistovitch, General, 363.
Skobeleff, 35, 265, 419;
his advance on Lovtcha, 210;
attacks the Krishin redoubts, 229.
Slatin Bey, _Fire and Sword in the Sudan_, 194.
Smith, 284.
Smyrna, 420.
Sobatoff, General, 154.
Sofia, 24, 51, 53, 301;
march to, 21.
Soghanli Dagh, forest of, 325.
Soudan, 84.
Souzdal Regiment, 231.
Spanish women under fire, 91.
Stafford House Committee, vote of thanks, 392.
Stafford House doctors, 283;
hospital, 327, 336.
Stamboul, 11;
number of sieges and captures, 12;
by day, 14;
by night, 15.
Stephenson, 9.
Stettin, 419.
Stewart, Capt. Hon. R., Queen's Messenger, 10, 312.
Stewart, Colonel, 84.
Stiven, Dr., 25, 55, 392;
his relief march, 361-363.
Stoker, Bram, 10.
Stoker, Dr. George, 10, 284, 297, 374, 379, 381, 383, 390, 400, 404, 415;
his relief march, 361-363.
Stoney, Mr., 314.
Stracey, Colonel, 89.
Strangford, Lady, 301.
Styria, 4.
Suleiman Bey, 296.
Suleiman, Colonel, 21.
Suleiman Pasha, 86, 166.
Sutherland Duke of, 392.
Sweden, 3.
"Sweet Waters," 17.
Swire, Colonel, 308.
Sydney, 37, 39.
TAHIR PASHA, 206.
Tallat Bey, 88.
Tatar Bazardjik, 20, 302.
Tchernaieff, General, 50.
Teheran, 325.
Telish, 299;
battle at, 313.
_Téméraire_, 309.
Tewfik Bey, 35, 146, 156, 163, 184, 206, 208, 419;
promoted to the rank of pasha, 250;
his _parlementaire_ with the Russians, 251-254;
his charmed life, 418.
Therapia, British Embassy, 313.
Tiflis, 391.
_Tiftig_, or lint, 122.
Tirnova, 99, 166.
Todleben, 219.
Tooth-drawing, 76.
Trebizond, 315;
journey to, 403-413.
Trestenik, recapture of the village, 156.
Trojan Pass, 155.
Turin, 7.
Turkish baby, birth of a, 408.
Turkish dinner, 26.
Turkish soldiers, character, 13, 26, 424;
constitution, 13;
fortitude, 31, 131, 144;
compared with the Egyptian troops, 66;
religious prejudices, 132;
casualties, 137 _note_;
number of, 224;
reluctance to undergo operations, 240;
stoicism, 240.
Turkish women, under fire, 91;
devotion to the wounded, 282.
Turks, their religion, 77;
wrestling, 79;
superstition, 196;
victories, 177, 235;
losses, 177, 225 _note_;
defeated at Lovtcha, 210;
genius for fortification, 220;
defeated at Telish, 313.
Tutchenitza, 114, 117, 139, 181, 187, 239, 271.
Typhus, cases of, 329, 330, 334, 364, 388.
VACHIN, 342, 343;
his theft of money, 355;
consigned to prison, 356;
released, 357.
Van, province of, 411.
Varna, 11.
Veltchiderma village, 108.
Vid, 112, 114, 157, 224, 259.
Vidpol, 103.
Vienna, 3, 9.
Villiers, Mr., 422.
Villiers, Fred, 423.
Vladimir Regiment, 231.
Vratza, 55.
WADY HALFA, 85.
Wagga, 39.
Waldemann, 242.
Weinberger, 102, 108, 111, 119, 125, 146, 208, 242.
Widdin, 22, 34, 43, 55, 56;
population, 57;
fortress, 58;
climate, 59;
arrival of Egyptian troops, 66;
preparations for war, 74;
bombardment, 90;
hospital explosion of a shell, 93;
number of killed and wounded, 97.
Widow, Spanish, her wish to go to Constantinople, 401;
style of beauty, 403;
vocabulary, 405;
ingratitude, 414.
Williams, 316, 331, 334, 404, 408;
attacked with typhus fever, 351.
Williams, General, 342.
Woods, Dr., 315, 316, 317, 326, 331, 342;
falls ill, 332.
Wounded, sufferings of the, 129, 138, 272-276, 299, 333;
operations, 143, 181, 239;
finger wounds, 144, 145;
reception of the, 178;
extraction of bullets, 199;
number of, 239;
variety, 241;
cases of small-pox and typhoid fever, 278;
frostbite, 333.
Wrench, Mr., British consul in Constantinople, 298, 310.
Wrestling, pastime of, 79.
XAVIER, ST., COLLEGE, 38.
YALAAT BEY, 206.
Yeni Khan, 326.
Yunuz Bey, 222.
_Yuoart_, bowls of, 24.
ZABERGAN, 42.
_Zacuska_, 125.
Zaitchar, defeat of the Servians at, 60.
_Zaptiehs_, 56.
Zara Dilber Effendi, 67, 421.
Zegana Pass, 362.
Zohrab, Mr., British consul at Erzeroum, 324, 326, 331, 420;
ordered to Constantinople, 340;
his excellent provisions and wines, 377.
Zohrab, Mrs., 420.
Zola, _Le Petit Village_, 116.
FOOTNOTES:
[Footnote 1: Lieutenant Herbert's reckoning gave the field state of
Osman's marching out strength at 19 battalions, 6 squadrons, 9
batteries; in all 12,000 men, with 54 guns. _Vide The Defence of
Plevna_, by Lieutenant V. Herbert (Longmans, Green, & Co.).]
[Footnote 2: No statistics of Turkish casualties, other than the above,
were ever published. The Russian figures far exceed those in the text.
The Russian losses, according to official enumeration, were 22 officers
killed and 52 wounded, and 2,771 men killed and wounded; nearly
two-thirds of the officers and over one-third of the men were therefore
_hors de combat_. Of the three colonels commanding regiments two were
killed; a general commanding a brigade was wounded; of the six field
officers present with the 19th regiment two were killed and two wounded.
Schilder-Schuldner's force consisted of 6,500 men and 46 guns.]
[Footnote 3: According to Russian official statistics, the force brought
against Plevna numbered over 90,000 men, composed of 70,000 infantry,
10,000 cavalry, with 24 siege-guns, 364 field-guns, and 54 horse-guns.
The losses were in all 18,216 men: killed, 75 officers and 7,558 men;
wounded, 290 officers and 10,658 men. The Turkish strength given in the
text is only approximate. The losses have never been stated; Osman Pasha
admitted after the surrender that he lost more men on the Lovtcha road
and its vicinity than did Skobeleff, who owned to the loss of 160
officers and over 8,000 men.]
[Footnote 4: Now Sir Alfred Biliotti, H.B.M. consul in Crete, who
distinguished himself by his exertions on behalf of the inhabitants
during the disturbances in 1897.]
Transcriber's Notes
Obvious punctuation errors repaired.
Hyphen removed: "good[-]will" (p. 298), "note[-]paper" (p. 73),
"over[-]crowded" (p. 271).
P. 88: "Plenva" changed to "Plevna" (Arrival at Plevna).
P. 111: "Plevna" changed to "Widdin" (Since leaving Plevna).
P. 124: "to" added (in the battery next to me).
P. 140: "assauge" changed to "assuage" (assuage the fiery thirst of
the).
P. 186: "zineas" changed to "zinnias".
End of Project Gutenberg's Under the Red Crescent, by Charles S. Ryan