The scapula of _M. europæus_ presents an entirely different appearance
from that of _M. bidens_ as figured in Van Beneden and Gervais’
Osteography (plate 22). In _europæus_ the scapula is very high
anteriorly, the anterior border is convex forward and the anterior crest
convex backward, bounding an elongated elliptical area. The posterior
margin is straight. The acromion is short, with convex margins at the
base, beyond which it narrows suddenly and terminates in a straight,
cylindrical process, which is strongly inclined upward. The coracoid is
as long as the acromion, nearly straight and horizontal, but expanded at
the end. (Pl. 13, figs. 3, 4.)
The phalangeal formula of the Atlantic City specimen of _M. europæus_ and
those of three Norwegian specimens of _M. bidens_ are as follows (the
metacarpals being included):
_Phalangeal formula of M. europæus and bidens._
I. II. III. IV. V.
_M. europæus_, Atlantic City:
Left 2 6 6 3+ 3+
Right 2 7 6 4(+1?) 4
_M. bidens_:
Landenæs 1 6(5) 5 4 3
Fæø 1 6 5 4 3
Udsire 1 6 6 5 4
In _M. europæus_ the metacarpal of the third digit is much constricted in
the middle. The shaft of the ulna is straight. Except in these
particulars and the relatively small size of the whole pectoral limb, the
latter appears not to differ materially from that of _M. bidens_. As
shown above, the first digit in _M. bidens_ consists of the metacarpal
bone only, while in _M. europæus_ a phalange is also present.
_Dimensions of the skeleton of the Atlantic City specimen of M.
europæus, No. 23846, U.S.N.M._
mm.
Length of the seven cervical vertebræ[a] 94
Length of first, second, and third cervical 45
vertebræ[a]
Atlas:
Greatest breadth 156
Greatest height 103
Height of neural canal 36
Greatest breadth across anterior articular 96
facets
Axis, greatest breadth 144
Seventh cervical vertebra:
Greatest breadth 80
Greatest height without inferior process 117
Greatest length of centrum 14
Greatest height of neural canal 49
First thoracic vertebra:
Greatest height 151
Greatest breadth 136
Height of centrum 37
Length of centrum 21
Breadth of centrum (articular surface) 48
Height of neural spine 61
Height of neural canal 53
Seventh thoracic vertebra:
Greatest height 246
Greatest breadth 116
Height of centrum 35
Length of centrum 69
Breadth of centrum 46
Breadth between transverse processes 66
Eighth thoracic vertebra:
Greatest height 246
Greatest breadth (between transverse processes) 142
Height of centrum 39
Length of centrum 73
Breadth of centrum 47
First lumbar vertebra:
Greatest height 263
Greatest breadth (between transverse processes) 215
Height of centrum (anterior) 43
Length of centrum 83
Breadth of centrum 53
First caudal vertebra:
Greatest height 263
Greatest breadth (between transverse processes) 207
Height of centrum (anterior) 65
Length of centrum 113
Breadth of centrum 67
Seventh caudal vertebra:
Greatest height 153
Greatest breadth 87
Height of centrum (without hypapophysis) 66
Length of centrum 84
Breadth of centrum 70
Length of last 10 caudal vertebræ 285
Sternum:
Total length 404
Length of manubrium 165
Greatest breadth of manubrium 134
Depth of anterior notch of manubrium 37
Scapula:
Length 247
Depth 161
Length of acromion [b]44
Length of coracoid 59
Humerus, length 107
Radius, length 110
Ulna, length 100
Pelvic bones, length 51
[a] Placed in contact.
[b] From the inside, without the cartilaginous tip.