At the accession of the new sovereigns the extreme Tories (S479), who
believed the action fo the Convention unconstitutional, continued to
adhere to James II as their lawful King. Henceforth this class became
known as "Jacobites," from Jacobus, the Latin name for James. They
were especially numerous and determined in the Highlands of Scotland
and the south of Ireland. They kept up a secret correspondence with
the refugee monarch, and were constantly plotting for his restoration.
About four hundred of the clergy of the Church of England, including
the Archbishop of Canterbury and four more of the famous seven bishops
(S489), with some members of the universities and also some Scotch
Presbyterians, refused to take the oath of allegiance to William and
Mary. They became known on this account as the "Nonjurors," and
although they were never harshly treated, they were compelled to
resign their positions.