_Transactions at Tinian after the Departure of the Centurion._
The storm, which drove the Centurion to sea, blew with too much
turbulence to permit either the commodore or any of the people on
shore bearing the guns, which she fired as signals of distress; and
the frequent glare of the lightning had prevented the explosions from
being observed: So that, when at day-break, it was perceived from the
shore that the ship was missing, there was the utmost consternation
amongst them: For much the greatest part of them immediately concluded
that she, was lost, and entreated the commodore that the boat might
be sent round the island to look for the wreck; and those who believed
her safe, had scarcely any expectation that she would ever be able to
make the island again: For the wind continued to blow strong at east,
and they knew how poorly she was manned and provided for struggling
with so tempestuous a gale. And if the Centurion was lost, or should
be incapable of returning, there appeared no possibility of their ever
getting off the island; For they were at least six hundred leagues
from Macao, which was their nearest port; and they were masters of no
other vessel than the small Spanish bark, of about fifteen tun, which
they seized at their first arrival, and which would not even hold a
fourth part of their number: And the chance of their being taken off
the island by the casual arrival of any ship was altogether desperate;
as perhaps no European ship had ever anchored here before, and it
were madness to expect that like incidents should send another in an
hundred ages to come: So that their desponding thoughts could only
suggest to them the melancholy prospect of spending the remainder
of their days on this island, and bidding adieu for ever to their
country, their friends, their families, and all their domestic
endearments.
Nor was this the worst they had to fear: For they had reason to
expect, that the governor of Guam, when he should be informed of their
situation, might send a force sufficient to overpower them, and to
remove them to that island; and then, the most favourable treatment
they could hope for would be to be detained prisoners for life; since,
from the known policy and cruelty of the Spaniards in their distant
settlements, it was rather to be expected, that the governor, if he
once had them in his power, would make their want of commissions (all
of them being on board the Centurion) a pretext for treating them, as
pirates, and for depriving them of their lives with infamy.
In the midst of these gloomy reflections, Mr Anson had his share of
disquietude; but he kept up his usual composure and steadiness: And
having soon projected a scheme for extricating himself and his men
from their present anxious situation, he first communicated it to some
of the most intelligent; and being satisfied that it was practicable,
he then endeavoured to animate his people to a speedy and vigorous
prosecution of it. With this view he represented to them, how little
foundation there was for their apprehensions of the Centurion's being
lost: That he should have hoped, they had been all of them better
acquainted with sea-affairs, than to give way to the impression of so
chimerical a fright; and that he doubted not, if they would seriously
consider what such a ship was capable of enduring, they would confess
that there was not the least probability of her having perished: That
he was not without hopes that she might return in a few days; but if
she did not, the worst that could be supposed was, that she was driven
so far to the leeward of the island that she could not regain it, and
that she would consequently be obliged to bear away for Macao on the
coast of China: That as it was necessary to be prepared against all
events, he had, in this case, considered of a method of carrying them
off the island, and joining their old ship the Centurion again at
Macao: That this method was to hale the Spanish bark on shore, to saw
her asunder, and to lengthen her twelve feet, which would enlarge her
to near forty tun burthen, and would enable her to carry them all to
China: That he had consulted the carpenters, and they had agreed
that this proposal was very feasible, and that nothing was wanting to
execute it, but the united resolution and industry of the whole body:
He added, that, for his own part, he would share the fatigue and
labour with them, and would expect no more from any man than what he
himself was ready to submit to; he concluded with representing to them
the importance of saving time; and that, in order to be the better
prepared for all events, it was necessary to set to work immediately,
and to take it for granted, that the Centurion would not be able to
put back (which was indeed the commodore's secret opinion;) since, if
she did return, they should only throw away a few days application;
but, if she did not, their situation, and the season of the year,
required their utmost dispatch.
These remonstrances, though not without effect, did not immediately
operate so powerfully as Mr Anson wished: He indeed raised their
spirits, by showing them the possibility of their getting away, of
which they had before despaired; but then, from their confidence of
this resource, they grew less apprehensive of their situation, gave
a greater scope to their hopes, and flattered themselves that the
Centurion would return and prevent the execution of the commodore's
scheme, which they could easily foresee would be a work of
considerable labour. By this means, it was some days before they were
all of them heartily engaged in the project; but at last, being in
general convinced of the impossibility of the ship's return, they set
themselves zealously to the different tasks allotted them, and were as
industrious and as eager as their commander could desire, punctually
assembling at day-break at the rendezvous, whence they were
distributed to their different employments, which they followed with
unusual vigour till night came on.
And here I must interrupt the course of this transaction for a moment,
to relate an incident which for some time gave Mr Anson more concern
than all the preceding disasters. A few days after the ship was driven
off, some of the people on shore cried out, A sail. This spread a
general joy, every one supposing that it was the ship returning; but
presently a second sail was descried, which quite destroyed their
conjecture, and made it difficult to guess what they were. The
commodore eagerly turned his glass towards them, and saw they were two
boats; on which it immediately occurred to him that the Centurion was
gone to the bottom, and that these were her two boats coming back with
the remains of her people; and this sudden and unexpected suggestion
wrought on him so powerfully, that, to conceal his emotion, he was
obliged (without speaking to any one) instantly to retire to his tent,
where he past some bitter moments, in the firm belief that the ship
was lost, and that now all his views of farther distressing the enemy,
and of still signalizing his expedition by some important exploit,
were at an end.
But he was soon relieved from these disturbing thoughts, by
discovering that the two boats in the offing were Indian proas,
and, perceiving that they stood towards the shore, he directed every
appearance that could give them any suspicion to be removed, and
concealed his people in the adjacent thickets, prepared to secure
the Indians when they should land; but, after the proas had stood in
within a quarter of a mile of the land, they suddenly stopt short,
and remaining there motionless for near two hours, they then made
sail again, and stood to the southward.--To return to the projected
enlargement of the bark.
If we examine how they were prepared for going through with this
undertaking, on which their safely depended, we shall find, that,
independent of other matters which were of as much importance, the
lengthening of the bark alone was attended with great difficulty.
Indeed, in a proper place, where all the necessary materials and tools
were to be had, the embarrassment would have been much less; but
some of these tools were to be made, and many of the materials were
wanting; and it required no small degree of invention to supply all
these deficiences. And when the hull of the bark should be completed,
this was but one article; and there were many others of equal weight,
which were to be well considered: These were the rigging it, the
victualling it, and, lastly, the navigating it, for the space of six
or seven hundred leagues, through unknown seas, where no one of the
company had ever passed before. In some of these particulars
such obstacles occurred, that, without the intervention of very
extraordinary and unexpected accidents, the possibility of the whole
enterprise would have fallen to the ground, and their utmost industry
and efforts must have been fruitless. Of all these circumstances I
shall make a short recital.
It fortunately happened that the carpenters, both of the Gloucester
and of the Tryal, with their chests of tools, were on shore when the
ship drove out to sea; the smith, too, was on shore, and had with
him his forge and some tools, but unhappily his bellows had not
been brought from on board, so that he was incapable of working,
and without his assistance they could not hope to proceed with their
design; their first attention, therefore, was to make him a pair of
bellows, but in this they were for some time puzzled, by their want of
leather; however, as they had hides in sufficient plenty, and they had
found a hogshead of lime, which the Indians or Spaniards had prepared
for their own use, they tanned some hides with this lime; and though
we may suppose the workmanship to be but indifferent, yet the leather
they thus made served tolerably well, and the bellows (to which a
gun-barrel served for a pipe) had no other inconvenience than that of
being somewhat strong-scented from the imperfection of the tanner's
work.
Whilst the smith was preparing the necessary iron work, others were
employed in cutting down trees, and sawing them into plank, and this
being the most laborious task, the commodore himself wrought at it
for the encouragement of his people. As there were neither blocks
nor cordage sufficient for tackles to hale the bark on shore, it
was proposed to get her up on rollers; and for these the body of the
cocoa-nut tree was extremely useful, for its smoothness and circular
turn prevented much labour, and fitted it for the purpose with very
little workmanship; many of these trees were therefore felled, and the
ends of them properly opened for the reception of hand-spikes; and
in the mean time a dry dock was dug for the bark, and ways laid from
thence quite into the sea to facilitate the bringing her up. Besides
those who were thus occupied in preparing measures for the future
enlargement of the bark, a party was constantly ordered for the
killing and preparing of provisions for the rest: And though in these
various employments, some of which demanded considerable dexterity,
it might have been expected there would have been great confusion and
delay, yet good order being once established, and all hands engaged,
their preparations advanced apace. Indeed, the common men, I presume,
were not the less tractable for their want of spirituous liquors;
for, there being neither wine nor brandy on shore, the juice of
the cocoa-nut was their constant drink, and this, though extremely
pleasant, was not at all intoxicating, but kept them very cool and
orderly.
And now the officers began to consider of all the articles necessary
for the fitting out the bark; when it was found, that the tents on
shore, and the spare cordage accidentally left there by the Centurion,
together with the sails and rigging already belonging to the bark,
would serve to rig her indifferently well, when she was lengthened.
As they had tallow in plenty, they proposed to pay her bottom with
a mixture of tallow and lime, which it was known was well adapted to
that purpose; so that with respect to her equipment, she would not
have been very defective. There was, however, one exception, which
would have proved extremely inconvenient, and that was her size; for
as they could not make her quite forty tun burthen, she would have
been incapable of containing half the crew below the deck, and must
have been so top-heavy, that if they were all at the same time on
deck, there would be no small hazard of her oversetting; but this was
a difficulty not to be removed, as they could not augment her beyond
the size already proposed. After the manner of rigging and fitting up
the bark was considered and regulated, the next essential point to be
thought on was, how to procure a sufficient stock of provisions for
their voyage; and here they were greatly at a loss what course to
take; for they had neither grain nor bread of any kind on shore, their
bread-fruit, which would not keep at sea, having all along supplied
its place; and though they had live cattle enough, yet they had no
salt to cure beef for a sea-store, nor would meat take salt in that
climate. Indeed, they had preserved a small quantity of jerked beef,
which they found upon the place at their landing, but this was greatly
disproportioned to the run of near six hundred leagues, which they
were to engage in, and to the number of hands they should have on
board. It was at last, however, resolved to take on board as many
cocoa-nuts as they possibly could; to make the most of their jerked
beef, by a very sparing distribution of it, and to endeavour to supply
their want of bread by rice; to furnish themselves with which, it was
proposed, when the bark was fitted up, to make an expedition to the
island of Rota, where they were told that the Spaniards had large
plantations of rice under the care of the Indian inhabitants: But as
this last measure was to be executed by force, it became necessary
to examine what ammunition had been left on shore, and to preserve it
carefully; and on this enquiry, they had the mortification to find,
that the utmost that could be collected, by the strictest search, did
not amount to more than ninety charges of powder for their firelocks,
which was considerably short of one a-piece for each of the company,
and was indeed a very slender stock of ammunition, for such as were
to eat no grain or bread for a month, but what they were to procure by
force of arms.
But the most alarming circumstance, and what, without the providential
interposition of very improbable events, had rendered all their
schemes abortive, remains yet to be related. The general idea of the
fabric and equipment of the vessel was settled in a few days, and when
this was done, it was not difficult to make some estimation of the
time necessary to complete her. After this, it was natural to expect
that the officers would consider on the course they were to steer,
and the land they were to make. These reflections led them to the
disheartening discovery, that there was neither compass nor quadrant
on the island. Indeed, the commodore had brought a pocket compass
on shore for his own use, but Lieutenant Brett had borrowed it to
determine the position of the neighbouring islands, and he had been
driven to sea in the Centurion, without returning it; and as to a
quadrant, that could not be expected to be found on shore, for as it
was of no use at land, there could be no reason for bringing it
from on board the ship. It was eight days, from the departure of the
Centurion, before they were relieved from this terrible perplexity: At
last, in rummaging a chest belonging to the Spanish bark, they found a
small compass, which, though little better than the toys usually made
for the amusement of school-boys, was to them an invaluable treasure.
And a few days after, by a similar piece of good fortune, they found
a quadrant on the sea-shore, which had been thrown overboard amongst
other lumber belonging to the dead: The quadrant was eagerly seized,
but it unluckily wanted vanes, and therefore, in its present state,
was altogether useless; however, fortune still continuing in a
favourable mood, it was not long before a person, out of curiosity,
pulling out the drawer of an old table, which had been driven on
shore, found some vanes, which fitted the quadrant very well; and it
being thus completed, it was examined by the known latitude of the
place, and found to answer to a sufficient degree of exactness.
All these obstacles being in some degree removed (which were always as
much as possible concealed from the vulgar, that they might not grow
remiss with the apprehension of labouring to no purpose,) the work
proceeded very successfully and vigorously: The necessary iron-work
was in great forwardness; and the timbers and planks (which, though
not the most exquisite performances of the sawyer's art, were yet
sufficient for the purpose,) were all prepared; so that on the 6th of
October, being the 14th day from the departure of the ship, they
haled the bark on shore, and, on the two succeeding days, she was sawn
asunder (though with great care not to cut her planks,) and her two
parts were separated the proper distance from each other, and, the
materials being all ready before-hand, they, the next day, being
the 9th of October, went on with great dispatch in their proposed
enlargement of her; and by this time they had all their future
operations so fairly in view, and were so much masters of them, that
they were able to determine when the whole would be finished, and had
accordingly fixed the 5th of November for the day of their putting
to sea. But their projects and labours were drawing to a speedier and
happier conclusion; for on the 11th of October, in the afternoon,
one of the Gloucester's men, being upon a hill in the middle of the
island, perceived the Centurion at a distance, and running down with
his utmost speed towards the landing-place, he, in the way, saw some
of his comrades, to whom he hallooed out with extacy, The ship, the
ship! This being heard by Mr Gordon, a lieutenant of marines, who
was convinced by the fellow's transport that his report was true, Mr
Gordon ran towards the place where the commodore and his people
were at work, and being fresh and in breath, easily outstripped the
Gloucester's man, and got before him to the commodore, who, on hearing
this happy and unexpected news, threw down his axe with which he was
then at work, and by his joy broke through, for the first time, the
equable and unvaried character which he had hitherto preserved; the
others, who were with him, instantly ran down to the sea-side in a
kind of frenzy, eager to feast themselves with a sight they had so
ardently wished for, and of which they had now for a considerable time
despaired. By five in the evening the Centurion was visible in the
offing to them all; and, a boat being sent off with eighteen men to
reinforce her, and with fresh meat and fruits for the refreshment of
her crew, she, the next afternoon, happily came to an anchor in the
road, when the commodore immediately went on board, and was received
with the sincerest and heartiest acclamations: For, from the following
short recital of the fears, the dangers and fatigues we in the ship
underwent during our nineteen days absence from Tinian, it may be
easily conceived, that a harbour, refreshments, repose, and the
joining of our commander and shipmates, were not less pleasing to us
than our return was to them.