circumference.
=Clamp.= A device for fastening or holding work together or to some
other part.
=Clearance.= 1. The amount to which one piece clears or escapes another.
2. On a lathe tool, clearance is the amount to which the back face of
the tool escapes the metal it is cutting.
=Clements driver.= A device for driving work in a lathe, and that places
an equal strain on each end of the lathe dog or carrier.
=Clutch.= A device for engaging or disengaging so as to cause the motion
of one piece to be communicated to another, or to stop such
communication.
=Cock.= A device for opening or closing the bore of a pipe.
=Cog.= A wooden tooth for a gear wheel.
=Collapsing-taps.= A tap that is so formed that its teeth close inwards
when the thread is cut so that the tap can be withdrawn without winding
it backwards.
=Collar.= 1. A disc-shaped enlargement on a cylindrical piece. 2. A
hollow cylindrical piece containing a set screw, to prevent a shaft from
end motion.
=Collet.= A casing for holding tools or drawers in position.
=Combination-chuck.= A chuck in which the jaws may be moved
simultaneously or independently.
=Comparator.= A machine for comparing measurements, for testing them and
originating sub-divisions.
=Compass-calipers.= A pair of calipers having one bent leg and one leg
with compass joint.
=Compasses.= A tool answering the same purpose as dividers, but with
longer legs and a set screw to secure the position of the legs.
=Compass-plane.= A plane whose sole or bottom is curved in its length.
=Compound gears.= A train of gear wheels in which there are two wheels
fixed on the same shaft but of different diameters so as to vary the
velocity.
=Compound slide-rest.= A slide-rest having two slides, one above the
other.
=Cone-bearing.= A bearing (for a journal) that contains a coned sleeve
that may be moved endways to take up wear.
=Cone-mandrel.= A mandrel that holds hollow work by means of two cones.
=Cone-plate.= A device for steadying work in the lathe by supporting one
end in a coned mouth.
=Cone-pulley.= A pulley having steps of different diameters.
=Cone-shaft.= The shaft for a cone-pulley.
=Cook's auger.= An auger rounded at the end for cutting end-grain wood.
=Cope-cutter.= A cutter for under-cutting the shoulder of a tenon on
wood-work.
=Cope-head.= A head for a cope-cutter in a tenoning machine.
=Core.= A body of sand that produces a hole or cavity in a casting.
=Core-box.= The box in which a core is made.
=Cored.= Containing a hole or recess.
=Cotter= _or_ =cottar.= A term applied to small keys that are very broad
in proportion to their thickness.
=Cotter-drill.= A drill used in cutting out keyways in a machine.
=Cotter-file.= A file thin in proportion to its length, for filing out
keyways or slots.
=Counterbore.= 1. A parallel recess at the mouth of a hole. 2. A tool
for producing such a recess.
=Countershaft.= A shaft with pulleys upon it, employed to permit a
machine to be started and stopped without stopping and starting the line
shaft, also, to afford means for varying the speed of a machine.
=Countersink.= A tool for cutting a coned mouth to a hole.
=Countersunk.= Having a coned mouth.
=Coupling.= A piece used to connect two pieces together.
=Covering-plate.= A plate used to cover the seams of a boiler.
=Cow-mouth chisel.= A machinist's chisel shaped at the cutting end like
a carpenter's gouge.
=Crank.= An arm that is fast to a shaft and is used as a lever wherewith
to revolve the shaft.
=Crank-shaft.= A shaft having a crank.
=Cross-cut.= A narrow machinist's chisel.
=Cross-cut saw.= A saw whose teeth are shaped to cut across the fibre or
grain of wood.
=Cross-face.= A plate straightener's or saw maker's hammer, having one
face at a right angle to the other.
=Cross-feed.= That feed of a lathe which runs across the bed.
=Cross-filing.= That class of filing in which the file is pushed in the
line of its length.
=Cross-head.= That part of an engine that connects the piston rod to the
connecting rod.
=Cross-slide.= A slide that stands across a work-table.
=Crowning.= Highest in the middle when tested by a straight edge.
=Crown-wheel.= A gear wheel having its teeth upon its side face.
=Cup-chuck.= A chuck having a coned or cupped mouth.
=Cup-shape.= A crack of circular form in a piece of timber or a log.
=Cutter.= A tool that is held or carried in a stock bar or mandrel.
=Cutter-bar.= The bar or shaft that carries the cutting knives in a
wood-planing machine.
=Cutter-grinder.= A machine for grinding cutters.
=Cutter-head.= 1. A head that carries cutters. 2. The head that carries
the cutters in a wood-moulding machine.
=Cutting-off lathe.= A lathe used for cutting up rods into required
lengths, and having a hollow spindle through which the rod passes.
=Cutting-off saw.= A sawing machine designed for cropping the ends of
work and cutting it to length.
=Cutting-off tool.= A tool for cutting up rods or bars, and used in the
common lathe and in the cutting-off lathe.
=Cycloid= (si'kloid). A curve generated by a pencil fixed in the
perimeter of a circle that is rolled upon another circle.
=Cylinder.= 1. That part of a steam-engine in which the steam is
utilized to drive the piston. 2. The shaft that carries the knives in a
wood-planing machine.
=Cylinder-head=, _or_ =cylinder-cover.= A piece that encloses or seals
the end of a cylinder.
D
=Dead centre.= The stationary centre of a lathe.
=Dead-smooth file=, _or_ =superfine file.= The finest or smoothest cut
of file.
=Delivery-rolls.= Rolls that remove the work from a machine or from its
cutters or knives.
=Describing-circle.= The circle or cylinder containing the pencil for
rolling a curve.
=Diametral pitch.= A system of designating the pitches of gear wheels.
=Diamond-point.= A machinist's chisel, square in cross-section, having a
diamond-shaped face at the end, and two cutting edges, one at a right
angle to the other.
=Die.= 1. A tool for cutting threads upon external surfaces, such as
bolts. 2. A chumpy sliding piece.
=Differential screw.= A screw having a coarse and a fine thread, the
difference between the two pitches enabling a more powerful strain to be
endured by the thread.
=Dimension planer.= A wood-planing machine, for planing accurately to
size.
=Disk= _or_ =disc.= A cylinder whose length is very short in proportion
to its diameter.
=Dividers.= A tool having two legs with sharp points at their ends for
measuring distances or drawing circles.
=Dog.= A work holding device.
=Dog-chuck.= A chuck containing independent dogs or jaws.
=Dog-head.= A hammer used in plate or saw straightening.
=Double-eye= _or_ =knuckle-joint.= A joint in which one piece is forked
at its end, to receive the other, and a pin passes through both.
=Double-thread.= A screw thread, having two spirals in the same bolt or
body.
=Dovetail.= A groove that is wider at the bottom than at the top, or a
projection thicker at the top than at the bottom.
=Draw-filing.= That class of filing in which the line of file motion is
in the direction of the width of the file.
=Drawn-down.= Decreased in diameter, width or thickness, by forging or
swaging.
=Drawn-out.= Increased in length, by forging or swaging.
=Drift.= A tool that cuts the walls of a hole while it is driven through
by hammer blows.
=Drift-pin.= A taper pin that is used by boiler makers to drive through
holes that do not come fair, or match properly.
=Drill.= A tool to pierce holes.
=Drill-chuck.= A chuck used to hold drills.
=Drilling-machine.= A machine for drilling holes in metal.
=Driver.= 1. A device for driving work in the lathe and sometimes called
a dog or carrier. 2. A gear wheel which drives another.
=Drop-hammer.= A forging or stamping hammer which is lifted by power and
let fall of its own weight.
=Drunken thread.= A screw thread that is not a true spiral, but is waved
in its course.
=Duplex slide-rest.= A feed motion in which there are two slide-rests in
one slide-way.
=Dutchman.= A piece let in to restore a worn part, or to hide a defect.
E
=Edge-moulding machine.= A machine for dressing the edges of wood-work
to shape, and usually for forming a moulding thereon.
=Emery grinder=, _or_ =emery-grinding machine.= A machine in which emery
wheels are used to grind the work.
=Emery wheel.= A wheel composed of emery cemented together under
pressure.
=Endless screw.= A short length of screw formed to drive the teeth of a
worm wheel.
=End-mill.= A milling-machine cutter, having teeth on its end face.
=Engine-lathe.= A lathe having a feed motor for the cutting tool.
=Epicycloid= ([)e]p-i-s[=i]'-kloid). A cycloidal curve in which the
rolling circle is rolled outside the fixed or base circle.
=Equalizing-file.= A file that is slightly thicker in the middle than it
is at either end.
=Expanding-chuck.= A chuck that is capable of expanding to accommodate a
slight variation of work-diameter and usually holding the work from its
bore.
=Expanding-mandrel.= A mandrel whose diameter may be varied, usually by
means of moving jaws or pieces.
=Expansion-joint.= A joint capable of permitting the parts it connects
to expand and contract under variations of temperature.
=Extension-bit.= A bit in which a cutter can be set so as to bore
different sizes of holes.
=Extension-lathe.= A lathe whose bed is in two longitudinal divisions so
that the upper one may be moved endways and thus form a gap to let
chucked work of large diameter pass.
F
=Face.= 1. The broadest surface of a piece, or that having the largest
area. 2. The circumferential surface of a wheel or pulley. 3. A surface
on a gear-wheel tooth.
=Face-cam.= A cam in which the actuating surface is on its side or
sides.
=Face-cutter.= A milling cutter having its teeth upon its
circumferential surface.
=Face-plate.= A plate or table having a plain or flat surface for
holding work.
=Facing-cutter.= A cutter for levelling a face or surface.
=Farrar planer.= A wood-planing machine in which a travelling bed is
used to feed the work to the cutter head.
=Feather.= A key that is fast in one piece of the work, and an easy fit
to the other, so that the latter may be moved along the feather.
=Feed-motor.= That part of a machine that feeds either the work or the
tool, so as to put on the cut.
=Feed-rolls.= Rolls that move the work to machines or to cutting tools.
=Feed-screw.= A screw that is used to feed the cutting tool in a
machine.
=Fence.= A plate in a wood-working machine, against which the work is
set or moved to hold it in proper position for the cutting operations.
=Fiddle-drill.= A drill that is revolved back and forth by a device
similar to a fiddle-bow.
=Fifth wheel.= The circular slideway that enables the front axle of a
vehicle to turn horizontally.
=File.= A hand tool for cutting metal, wood, ivory, bone and all other
hard substances except stone.
=File-card.= A wire-brush for cleaning files.
=Fillet.= A curved piece for filling in a corner.
=Fillister-head.= A screw-head that is cylindrical and contains a screw
slot.
=Firmer-chisel.= A stout carpenter's chisel that is used for cutting out
mortises and similar heavy work.
=Fit-strip.= A projection usually about an inch wide that is intended to
be fitted to bed the piece properly and save bedding the whole surface
of the piece.
=Fixture.= A device for holding work in an exact position, true with
some one face, hole, or pin, as the case may be.
=Flat-chisel.= A wedge-shaped machinist's chisel.
=Flat-drill.= A drill whose body is rectangular in cross-section.
=Flatter.= A swage for flat surfaces.
=Fleam.= Acuteness given to saw teeth by filing their front faces at an
acute angle to the plane of the saw blade.
=Flexible shaft.= A shaft composed of wire, similar to a wire rope, for
transmitting rotary motion, notwithstanding that the shaft may be an arc
of a circle.
=Flooring-machine.= A machine for planing and matching at the same time,
and generally used for floor boards.
=Flute.= A groove.
=Fly-cutter.= A cutting tool fastened in an arbor or spindle, and used
for producing irregular shapes.
=Follower.= A gear wheel that receives motion from another gear wheel.
=Follower-rest.= A rest that steadies work on the lathe and travels with
the slide rest.
=Foot-block.= A work-holding device containing a dead centre, used upon
a milling machine.
=Foot-lathe.= A lathe operated by foot-power.
=Fore-plane= _or_ =jack-plane.= A roughing out plane.
=Forging.= A piece or part that has been forged into shape.
=Fork-centre.= A centre used to drive woodwork in the lathe.
=Fork-scriber.= A double pointed tool used by boiler-makers to mark
small circles.
=Former.= 1. A piece that acts as a guide to control the movement of a
cutting tool. 2. A template or block on which a piece is bent or shaped.
=Fox-lathe.= A brass finisher's lathe, having a turret head and spiral
thread-cutting devices that obviate the use of a lead screw or change
gears.
=Friction-clutch.= A clutch that operates by frictional contact.
=Friction-gearing.= Wheels that transmit motion by the frictional
contact of their circumferences.
=Friction-rollers.= Rollers employed to reduce the friction of the
parts.
=Friction-wheel.= A wheel that drives by the frictional contact of its
surface.
=Friezing-machine= _or_ =edge-moulding-machine.= A machine for cutting
mouldings on the edge of wood work.
=Front-tool.= A tool having its cutting edge in front, and used for
plain surfacing work.
=Fuller.= A blacksmith's tool for spreading the metal in any particular
direction.
G
=Gang-drill.= A drilling machine on which a number of drills may be used
simultaneously.
=Gang-edger= _or_ =gang-edging machine.= A machine in which a gang of
saws are employed to trim the edges of boards or cut them to width.
=Gang-mills.= Milling machine cutters that are placed in gangs and side
by side on the same arbor.
=Gap-lathe= _or_ =break-lathe.= A lathe having a gap in its bed to
enable the chucking of work that would not otherwise pass over the bed.
=Gauge.= 1. A standard of measurement. 2. A standard of shape.
=Gear.= A term applied to a piece of mechanism that accomplishes a
single object: thus a valve-gear operates a valve; a steering-gear
steers the vessel.
=Geared.= Placed in gear or connected together.
=Gear-wheel.= A wheel provided with teeth to engage with similar teeth
upon another wheel.
=Generating-circle.= The circle that is supposed to move in the
construction of cycloidal curves.
=Gib.= 1. A piece that may be set up to take up the wear. 2. A piece for
holding a strap, and forming an abutting piece for a key.
=Gimlet.= A wood-boring hand tool, having a threaded conical end to pull
it to its cut.
=Gimlet-bit.= A fluted gimlet having no thread at its end, but a spiral
flute so shaped as to pull the bit forward to its cut.
=Gland.= A piece enveloping a stem and used to make a tight working
joint.
=Globe-valve.= A valve, having a spherical body, used in pipe-work.
=Goose-neck.= A frame affording a fulcrum for a ratchet brace.
=Gouge.= A wood-cutting hand tool that is curved in its cross-section.
=Gravis.= A hand tool, rectangular in cross-section and having cutting
edges at its end that are formed by grinding the end face at an acute
angle to the body of the tool.
=Groove-cam.= A cam in which the actuating surface is in the form of a
groove.
=Ground joint.= A joint that is finished by grinding the parts together,
usually with oil and emery.
=Guide-bar= _or_ =slide-bar.= A bar that forms a guide for the crosshead
of an engine or other moving piece.
=Gum.= 1. The bottom of the space between saw teeth. 2. A rubber-like
substance formed of oil that has dried.
H
=Hack.= A tool used for cutting iron in two under a steam hammer.
=Hack-saw.= A saw held in a frame and used by hand for cutting metal.
=Half-check joint.= A joint in which a piece is let into the other, so
that the surfaces come level.
=Half-round file.= A file that is half round in cross-section.
=Hand-file.= A superior class of file that is parallel in width and
thickest in the middle of its length.
=Hand-hammer.= A hammer that can be used in one hand.
=Hand-lathe.= A lathe with which hand cutting tools are used.
=Hand-nut.= A nut that may be screwed up by hand without the aid of a
wrench.
=Hand-planer.= A wood-planing machine in which the work is fed by hand.
=Hand-rest.= The rest on which hand-turning tools are supported in a
lathe.
=Hand-tap.= A tap that is used by hand.
=Hand-vise.= A small vise for use in the hand.
=Hanger.= A frame that is bolted to another frame or part, and carries
another piece, usually a shaft of some kind.
=Hardened.= Hardened steel is that which has been made hard by heating
to a cherry red and suddenly cooling it, usually by quenching it in
water.
=Hardy.= A blacksmith's chisel that fits into the anvil.
=Heading-block.= A block used in upsetting the heads of bolts or pins.
=Heart-shake.= A split radiating from the centre of a log.
=Heating-surface.= That part of the surface of a steam-boiler that
receives heat on one side and has water on the other.
=Heel-tool.= A hand turning tool having a projecting heel to cross the
tool rest, and usually held in a wooden stock or handle.
=Herring-bone tooth.= A form of gear wheel tooth in which the tooth,
instead of passing direct across the wheel face, curves partly around
the circumference and then back again, so that the two ends of the tooth
only are opposite to each other.
=Hindley's-screw.= A short length of screw used to drive a worm wheel,
and sometimes termed an endless screw.
=Hob= _or_ =hub.= A tool for cutting the threads on screw cutting tools,
such as chaser dies.
=Hour-glass screw.= A worm or tangent screw which is formed to envelop
part of the arc of circumference of a worm wheel, and therefore assumes
in outline the form of a sand hour-glass.
=Hunting-tooth.= An extra tooth put into a pair of gear wheels that
would otherwise contain the same number of teeth, the object being to
prevent the same teeth from always falling together.
=Hypocycloid= (h[=i]-po-s[=i]'kloid). A cycloidal curve in which the
rolling circle is rolled within the fixed or base circle.
I
=Idle pulley= _or_ =guide pulley.= A pulley employed to guide a belt.
=Independent chuck.= A chuck in which each jaw is operated separately.
=Index-plate.= A plate having holes or notches accurately dividing a
circle into equal divisions.
=Inserted-tooth cutter.= A cutter in which the teeth are inserted in a
disc or head.
=Inside calipers.= Calipers used to measure inside dimensions, as boxes,
recesses, etc.
=Intermediates.= The wheels that are between the front driver and last
follower of a train of gear wheels.
=Involute.= A curve generated by the path of a given point in a straight
line, as the line is rolled upon a circle. (Vol. I. p. 31.)
J
=Jack-plane.= A plane employed to rough out the work.
=Jig.= A device for holding work and guiding the operating tool.
=Jointing-machine.= A machine for truing the surfaces of wood-work that
are to form a joint.
=Journal.= That part of a shaft that runs in a bearing which guides or
limits the motion of the shaft.
=Jump= _or_ =upset.= To enlarge at the end by a forging process.
K
=Kerf.= The passageway or slot cut by a saw.
=Key.= A rectangular wedge for locking two pieces together.
=Knife.= The cutting tool used on a wood-planing or wood-splitting
machine.
=Knurling-tool= _or_ =milling-tool.= A tool used to press indentations
into the edges or upon the surface of metal, in order to increase the
hand grip of it.
L
=Land.= That part of a tap or a reamer that lies between its plates and
carries the cutting edges or teeth.
=Lantern.= A primitive form of gear in which rungs are used instead of
teeth.
=Lap.= A grinding device consisting of a lead or other soft metal
surface, on which emery and oil is used.
=Lap-joint.= A joint in which one piece overlaps the other.
=Lap-weld.= A weld in which both pieces are beveled at the ends and one
end overlaps the other where the two are put together to weld.
=Lathe.= A machine that revolves work to be operated by cutting tools.
=Lathe-bed.= The frame that carries the head and tail stock of a lathe,
and that rests upon a solid foundation.
=Lathe-carriage.= The sliding piece that carries the tool rest of a
lathe.
=Lathe-centre.= The piece or part of a lathe that enters the coned
recess of lathe work that is held between centres.
=Lathe-saddle.= The sliding piece that carries the tool rest of a lathe.
=Lathe-shears.= The frame of a lathe that carries the head and tail
stocks, and that rests on legs.
=Lead-screw.= A screw for a lathe that is used for screw cutting only.
=Left-hand thread.= A screw thread in which the nut must be revolved in
a direction opposite to that in which the hands of a watch move, in
order that the nut may screw upon the bolt.
=Leg-vise.= A machinist's or blacksmith's vise having legs.
=Line of centres.= A line, real or imaginary, passing from one centre to
another.
=Line out.= To mark on work lines denoting the depth of surface that is
to be cut away.
=Liner.= A piece of iron put behind or upon a piece to take up its wear.
Line-shaft. A shaft employed to transmit motion from an engine or motor
to distant points.
=Link.= A piece having holes or pins at its end to connect two other
pieces together.
=Live centre.= The centre of the live spindle of a lathe.
=Live spindle.= The revolving spindle of a lathe.
=Loose.= A term used to denote a part of a plate or saw that is not
under tension.
=Lost motion.= Motion that is not transmitted on account of the
looseness of the parts.
=Lug.= A small projection.
M
=Machine-bolt.= A bolt and nut of the sizes kept in stock by machinery
dealers, the bolt usually being black or unturned.
=Machine-screw.= A small screw made to the Birmingham wire gauge.
=Machine-tap.= A long taper tap used in threading nuts in a machine.
=Machine-tool.= A machine that performs work by means of cutting tools.
=Mandrel.= 1. A cylindrical piece which is driven into hollow work and
holds it while it is turned in the lathe. 2. A piece or bar on which
work is driven or forced. 3. A shaft running in bearings.
=Mangle-wheel.= A gear wheel whose teeth are so arranged that the wheel
is reciprocated back and forth on its centre, and does not make a full
revolution.
=Marking-gauge.= A tool used by wood-workers to draw a line upon work.
=Master-tap.= A standard tap used for producing thread-cutting tools, or
kept as a standard of size.
=Matched.= A board that has a tongue on one edge and a groove on the
other so that the edges of the boards will match or be fitted together.
=Matching-machine= _or_ =matcher.= A wood-working machine which cuts a
groove on one edge and a tongue on the other edge of a board or piece of
work.
=Measuring-machine.= A machine for determining the measurement of a
piece.
=Micrometer.= (m[=i]-kr[)o]m'e-ter). A tool for measuring to minute
fractions of an inch.
=Mill-file.= A single cut file used for filing sheet steel, saw teeth,
etc.
=Milling-cutter= _or_ =mill.= The cutter or cutting tool used in a
milling-machine.
=Milling-machine.= A machine in which revolving cutters are used to
dress the surfaces of metal and cut them to size and shape.
=Mitre-cutting machine.= A machine for cutting mitre joints.
=Mitre-joint.= A joint at an angle of 45 degrees to the plane of the
pieces it joins.
=Mitre-wheel.= A bevel gear having its teeth at an angle of 45 degrees
to its shaft.
=Mortise.= A recess slot usually square or rectangular, and employed to
receive a tenon from another piece.
=Moulding-cutters.= The cutters employed to produce mouldings on wood.
=Multiple-drilling machine.= A drilling-machine in which more than one
drilling-tool may be used, and separate and successive operations may be
performed upon the work, carrying it from one drill-spindle to another.
=Mute-pulley.= A belt-guiding pulley that can be adjusted to various
positions upon its stand.
N
=Nail-bit.= A boring tool for wood, used for cutting across the grain of
wood.
=Nut.= A threaded piece for receiving a screw.
O
=Odontograph= ([=o]-d[)o]n'-to-gr[)a]f). An instrument employed in
making or drawing gear-wheel teeth.
=Oliver.= A foot-power hammer used by blacksmiths, mainly for forging
bolts or studs.
=Outside-calipers.= Calipers used to measure external surfaces.
P
=Panelling-machine.= A machine for cutting mouldings upon panels.
=Parallel-file.= A file whose thickness is equal from end to end.
=Parallel-vise.= A vise in which the gripping face of the movable jaw is
maintained parallel to that of the fixed jaw.
=Paring-chisel.= A wood-worker's chisel that is pushed to its cut by
hand pressure.
=Pattern-lathe.= A lathe designed for the use of pattern-makers.
=Pawl.= A tongue that engages with a ratchet.
=Pene= (p[=e]n) _or_ =pane.= The lightest end of a hammer.
=Pening= (p[=e]n'ing). The hammering of the surface of metal in order to
stretch it and alter the shape of the piece.
=Pillow-block=, =pillar-block= _or_ =plumber-block.= A piece that
affords a bearing for a shaft and is bolted to a pillar or frame.
=Pin-block.= A wooden block used to steady small pins when filed in the
vise.
=Pinion.= The smallest wheel in a pair of wheels or in a train of
gearing.
=Pin-wrench.= A wrench having a pin to enter holes in the nut.
=Pipe-cutter.= A hand tool for cutting pipe into lengths.
=Pipe-die.= A tool for cutting threads on pipes.
=Pipe-tongs.= A hand tool for gripping pipes.
=Piston.= 1. That part of a steam-engine that moves under steam
pressure. 2. A disc that fits a bore and slides therein.
=Pitch.= The distance apart of two pieces.
=Pitch-circle.= A circle drawn through these parts in a gear wheel where
the face of the tooth meets the flank, this circle representing the
diameter of the wheel for calculations involving its velocity.
=Pitch-line.= A part of a pitch circle.
=Pitman.= A name sometimes given to a connecting rod.
=Planer-shaper.= A metal-cutting machine in which the ram or slide
carrying the tool is moved after the manner of a planing machine.
=Planimeter= (pla-n[)i]m'-e-ter). An instrument for finding the area of
irregularly shaped plane surfaces.
=Planing-machine.= 1. For iron. A machine having a travelling work-table
sliding in guideways, the tool being carried in a slideway that spans
the table, two or more slide-rests are used in the larger-sized
machines. 2. Wood-planing machine. A machine in which the work is fed to
a revolving shaft or head carrying long planing knives.
=Platen.= 1. A work-holding table. 2. The plane surfaced plate which
presses on the type in printing.
=Play.= Looseness of fit.
=Plug.= The interior piece of a cock.
=Plug-and-collar gauge.= A pair of gauges for the same size, the plug
being sometimes termed the male and the collar the female gauge.
=Plug-tap.= A tap that follows the taper taps and has but two or three
of its teeth eased off at the end.
=Plumb-level.= A levelling tool depending for its accuracy on a weighted
line and an edge that is straight.
=Plumb-rule.= A straight edge containing a plumb-bob.
=Pod-bit= _or_ =nose-bit.= A wood-boring tool, having a cutting lip at
its end.
=Point.= The surface or the extremity of a gear-wheel tooth.
=Polishing-lathe.= A lathe that is used for polishing and therefore
requires no tool-carrying devices.
=Poppet-head.= The main head of a lathe.
=Porter-bar.= A bar for handling heavy forgings, which is welded to the
forging and afterwards cut off.
=Pressure-bar.= A bar or piece that presses the work to the table in a
wood-planing machine.
=Protractor.= A tool having a blade which may be set to the degrees of a
circle which are marked upon the back or stock of the protractor.
=Pulley.= A wheel that receives or drives a band, belt or rope.
=Pulley= _or_ =belt-pulley.= A wheel that drives or is driven by a belt.
Q
=Quadrant.= 1. A piece forming one-fourth of a circle. 2. A piece
forming the segment of a circle.
=Quick return.= A motion by means of which a head ram or work-table is
moved faster during its return traverse than during its cutting
traverse.
R
=Rabbet.= A step at the end of a piece of wood.
=Rabbeting-plane.= A plane for rabbeting.
=Rack.= A straight body, having on it, (1) teeth corresponding to the
teeth in the wheel that drives it or that it drives; (2) notches to
engage a pawl or ratchet.
=Rack-feed.= A feed motor in which the work-table has a rack driven by a
gear-wheel.
=Rake.= The inclination of the front face of a cutting tool to the body
of the steel of which it is made.
=Ratchet.= A pawl or tongue one end of which engages in notches in a
rack or wheel.
=Ratchet-brace.= A hand-drilling device, in which a lever carries a pawl
that engages with a ratchet-wheel, which drives the drill.
=Rat-tail file.= A taper round file of small diameter or less than
one-fourth of an inch.
=Reamer=, =rymer=, _or_ =rimer.= A tool for smoothing and enlarging
bores or holes.
=Recut-file.= A file whose original teeth have been ground off and new
teeth have been cut.
=Red-marking.= A mixture of Venetian red and common oil, used to put on
a piece of work when trying its fit, and serving to denote the fit.
=Return-cam.= A secondary cam used to move a piece back, after the main
cam has moved it forward.
=Reverse-keys.= An arrangement of keys or wedges, that releases two
pieces that have been keyed together.
=Rib.= A projecting strip usually employed to strengthen a piece, as the
arm of a wheel.
=Right-hand thread.= A screw thread in which, with the end of the bolt
towards you, the top of the nut must revolve from left to right like the
hands of a watch in order to cause it to screw upon the bolt.
=Rip-saw.= A saw whose teeth are shaped to cut lengthways of the grain
of the wood.
=Rod-feed.= A feed motion that is operated by a rod.
=Roll-feed.= A feed motion in which the work is fed to the cutting tool
by revolving rolls.
=Rope-socket.= A socket in which the ends of a wire rope are secured.
=Rose-bit.= A reamer that cuts at the end only.
=Rotary planer.= An iron planing machine in which a number of cutters
are set in a revolving face plate that is fed to the cut by a head on a
slide.
=Round-nosed chisel.= A machinist's chisel whose cutting edge is shaped
so as to cut a groove circular in cross-section.
=Round-nosed tool.= A tool whose cutting edge is circular in its course
or length.
=Routing-machine.= A machine using a revolving cutter to cut away some
parts of a surface and leave the rest in relief.
=Rust-joint.= A joint that is made by being filled with cast-iron
cuttings mixed with sal-ammoniac and sulphur to cause the cuttings to
rust and form a solid body.
S
=Safe-edge file.= A file having no teeth upon one of its edges.
=Sanding= _or_ =sand-papering machine.= A machine in which
sand-paper-covered rollers or wheels are used for finishing wood-work.
=Saw-arbor.= The arbor or mandrel on which a circular saw is driven.
=Saw-bench.= A circular saw machine.
=Saw-gummer.= A machine for deepening the spaces between saw teeth.
=Saw-packing.= Plaited hemp that is packed on both sides of a circular
saw to warm it and equalize its tension when it is running.
=Scale.= 1. A rule or measuring device having lines of division upon it.
2. Proportion of size.
=Scarf.= The bevel of a piece of metal that is to be lap welded.
=Scraper.= A hand tool that scrapes rather than cuts the metal.
=Screw-cutting lathe.= A lathe that has a screw feed with change gears
to enable it to cut threads or screws upon the work.
=Screw-cutting lathe with independent feed.= A lathe that has a lead
screw for cutting threads and a separate feed motion for ordinary tool
traverse.
=Screwing-machine.= A machine used to cut screw threads.
=Screw-machine.= A form of lathe in which the spindle is hollow and a
revolving head or turret is employed to carry the cutting tools.
=Screw-plate.= A tool for cutting external threads on small work.
=Screw-thread.= The thread upon a screw or other piece of work.
=Screw-tool.= Another name for a chaser.
=Scribing-block= _or_ =surface-gauge.= A tool that carries a needle or
scriber for marking on work lines denoting its finished size or the
amount of metal that is to be cut off, and that is also used for setting
work.
=Second-cut file.= A file whose teeth are coarser than a _smooth_ file
and finer than a bastard file.
=Sector.= A device used in connection with an index plate to denote the
holes to be used in any particular division of a circle.
=Segment.= A piece having the shape of a segment of a circle, used for
building up a hollow cylinder.
=Segmental saw.= A saw that is composed of parts secured to a frame or
disc.
=Self-acting lathe.= A lathe having an automatic feed motion for the
cutting tool.
=Set.= 1. The bend to one side of the body of the blade of the teeth of
saws. 2. Adjustment or alignment. 3. Binding two pieces together.
=Set-screw.= A screw that binds or secures two pieces together by being
screwed through one piece and against the other.
=Shafting-rest.= A slide rest carrying several cutting tools and usually
employed for turning shafting in the lathe.
=Shake.= A crack in timber.
=Shank-mill.= A milling machine cutter that is provided with a shank or
stem.
=Shaper-centres.= A chuck in which the work is held between centres.
=Shaper= _or_ =shaping-machine.= 1. A machine for cutting such surfaces
on iron work as can be cut by a tool travelling in a straight line. 2. A
woodworking machine in which cutting tools are revolved on an upright
spindle projecting above a work table.
=Shavings.= The cuttings from a paring tool.
=Shell.= 1. The body of a steam-boiler. 2. An outer casing.
=Shell-reamer.= A short reamer that is driven by fitting to a coned
mandrel.
=Shimer-heads.= A form of cutter head for woodworking machines, in which
circular cutters are used.
=Shingle saw.= A saw thick in the body and beveled off for about two or
three inches of its outer diameter.
=Shooting-board.= A device upon which pieces are held when required to
have their ends dressed to exact shape or angle.
=Shrinkage-fit= _or_ =contraction-fit.= A means of securing two pieces
together by leaving the hole of one too small to receive the other, and
then expanding the piece containing the hole so that it will go on and
bind fast as it cools and contracts.
=Side-chisel.= A machinist's chisel shaped to cut on the sides of slots
or keyways, and having its cutting edge on one side of the end facet.
=Side-tool.= A tool used to cut the ends of lathe work that is held
between the lathe centres.
=Single-geared lathe.= A lathe in which there is no back gear.
=Single-riveted joint.= A joint having but one row of rivets in a lap
joint and one row of rivets on each side of the plate joint in a butt
joint.
=Single-thread.= A screw thread having a single spiral.
=Skew-bevel.= A bevel gear wheel in which the teeth sides do not form
lines radiating from the wheel centre, but point to one side of it.
=Skew-chisel.= A carpenter's chisel in which the cutting edge is not at
a right angle to the body of the tool.
=Skew-cutter.= A cutter in which the cutting edge does not stand
parallel to the axis of the shaft that drives it.
=Slab.= 1. A rough square piece of iron forged from scrap. 2. The first
piece cut from the side of a log of wood.
=Sleeve.= An enveloping piece that is usually cylindrical and too long
to be termed a ring.
=Slide-valve.= The valve that governs the admission of steam into and
its exhaust out of a cylinder.
=Slot.= A rectangular passage or hole passing entirely through the
material.
=Slotting-machine.= A machine having a vertical bar or ram that carries
the cutting tool on its lower end and has a vertical reciprocating
motion.
=Smooth-file.= The finest cut of file that is made for ordinary use.
=Smoothing-plane.= A carpenter's short plane for producing a smooth
surface.
=Socket.= A piece that is hollow and receives another.
=Socket-wrench.= A wrench that envelops the whole of the head of a bolt.
=Solid milled cutters.= Cutters for woodwork, in which an irregular
shaped cutting edge is obtained by recesses cut in the flat face of the
cutter.
=Space= _or_ =spaces.= The opening between the teeth of gear wheels.
=Spanner.= A form of wrench.
=Spindle.= A shaft that is used to transmit purely rotary motion, and
that is usually of small diameter in proportion to its length.
=Spiral cutter.= A milling cutter having its teeth cut spirally and not
parallel to the axis of its bore.
=Spiral head.= A device for holding work and revolving it in a milling
machine.
=Spirit-level.= An instrument in which an air-space or bubble is
utilized to disclose whether the surface upon which the spirit level is
laid is horizontal.
=Spline.= A long feather-way.
=Split-pin.= A pin that is split so that its end can be opened out to
prevent its coming out of place.
=Spoke.= The arm that connects the hub of a wheel to its rim or felloe.
=Spoon-bit.= A wood-boring tool that is shaped somewhat like a gouge.
=Spring.= 1. A piece of elastic metal. 2. The movement or deflection of
a piece of metal on a tool, by its own weight or from the strain placed
on it.
=Spring-tool.= A tool so formed as to have a slight give or spring to
it.
=Spur.= A sharp cutting edge placed on some kind of wood-cutting tools
to sever the fibre before the cutting edge removes the wood cuttings.
=Spur-wheel.= A gear-wheel having its teeth upon its circumferential
surface.
=Square-centre.= A lathe centre having four cutting edges at its coned
end.
=Square thread.= A screw-thread that is rectangular in cross-section.
=Stanchion= (st[)a]n'shun). A vertical frame.
=Standard.= An upright piece.
=Standing-bolt.= A bolt that screws into the work, and does not
therefore require a nut.
=Stave.= 1. A piece that forms part of a hollow wooden casing. 2. A pin
on a gear-wheel that has pins instead of teeth.
=Steady-rest= _or_ =back-rest.= A device for steadying work in the
lathe.
=Steam-boiler.= A boiler used to generate steam and hold it at a
pressure above that of the atmosphere.
=Steam-hammer.= A forging machine in which the hammer is raised or
lifted by steam, and is sometimes also forced downwards by steam.
=Steam-space.= That part of the boiler that is above the level of the
water.
=Sticker.= A machine that operates on wood of small cross-sectional area
in proportion to its length, such as picture frame moulding.
=Stock.= Material.
=Stocks-and-dies.= Tools for cutting external threads by hand.
=Stop.= 1. A piece that arrests the motion of another piece. 2. A part
of a gauge, against which the work abuts.
=Stop-motion.= A device for preventing the overwinding of clocks and
watches.
=Straddle-mills.= Milling-machine cutters that are used in pairs and
straddle the work, both cutters being of the same diameter.
=Straight edge.= A piece or strip having one or both edges made straight
to use as a guide in testing work.
=Stub end.= The end of a connecting rod.
=Stud.= 1. A bolt that screws into the work at one end and receives a
nut at the other. 2. A piece that screws into the work at one end.
=Stuffing-box.= The box in which a gland fits.
=Surface-plate.= A plate having a true flat surface to test the flatness
of work by.
=Swage.= A blacksmith's tool for smoothing and shaping surfaces.
=Swing-frame.= A frame having a movable stud for carrying the change
gears of a lathe.
=Swing-saw.= A saw that is suspended in a swinging frame.
=Swivel-vise.= A vise that may be swiveled or revolved upon its base
plate.
T
=[T]= or =tee=. A pipe fitting having two bores at a right angle, one to
the other.
=Tailstock= _or_ =tailblock.= That part of a lathe that carries the dead
centre.
=Tangent-wheel.= A wheel whose teeth are formed to work with a screw or
worm.
=Tap.= 1. A tool for cutting threads in holes or bores. 2. A device for
shutting off or turning on the flow of water through a pipe.
=Taper-tap.= A tap that has part of the thread turned off in order that
it may enter the hole easily and start to cut the thread. It is
sometimes termed the first tap.
=Tapped.= 1. Threaded internally. 2. Having a connection that branches
from the main pipe or flow.
=Target.= A frame used in setting shafting in line.
=Temper.= 1. The degree of hardness that has been imparted to steel by
heating and suddenly cooling it. 2. A term employed by steel makers with
reference to the percentage of carbon contained in steel.
=Tempering.= Tempering consists in reheating hardened steel and thus
modifying or reducing its degree of hardness.
=Template= _or_ =Templet.= A piece of metal made to shape, to serve as a
pattern for one or more of the work surfaces.
=Thread-gauge.= A threaded cylinder or bore that serves as a standard of
reference for the shape and diameter of a screw thread.
=Threading-tool.= A tool for cutting screws in the lathe.
=Throw-line.= The travel of a piece, moved by an eccentric.
=Thumb-nut.= A nut so shaped that it may be screwed up or unscrewed by
hand.
=Tight.= A term used to denote those parts of a plate or saw that are
under undue tension, and prevent the other parts of the plate from lying
flat.
=Timber-planer.= A wood-planing machine for thick work, usually having
side heads as well as cutter bars.
=Tire.= The iron band surrounding a wheel rim.
=Tit-drill.= A drill having a point or teat, and employed to cut
flat-bottomed holes.
=Tool-post.= The device employed in a slide-rest to grip the cutting
tool.
=Train.= An arrangement of gear wheels in which there are more than two
gear wheels employed.
=Trammels= _or_ =tram.= A device for measuring distances too great to be
measured by ordinary compasses.
=Trip-hammer.= A forging machine in which the helve or hammer holding
beam is tripped by a revolving cam.
=Trundle.= A gear-wheel having rungs in place of teeth.
=Trying-up.= A term usually employed to indicate that the work is
accurately done or fitted.
=Try-square.= A tool having a rectangular back, and a blade whose edges
are a right angle to the edges of the back.
=[T] Slot.= A slot or groove, shaped to receive a bolt head and prevent
it from turning when the nut is screwed up.
=Turnbuckle.= A socket that receives and holds the ends of two rods and
permits either to be revolved independently of the other or the socket
to be revolved without revolving either rod.
=Turret-lathe.= A lathe in which a revolving head or turret carries the
cutting tools.
=Tuyère= (tw[=e]'ar). The nozzle through which air is forced into a
blacksmith's fire, a furnace or a cupola.
=Twin-mills.= Milling cutters that are used in pairs, and have teeth on
their side faces as well as upon the circumference.
=Twist-drill.= A drill having a spiral flute along it.
=Twist-hammer.= A sawmaker's hammer having its two faces parallel, so
that by turning it over in the hand its marks will be in opposite
directions.
=Two-jawed chuck.= A chuck having two jaws.
U
=Universal chuck.= A chuck in which the jaws move simultaneously.
=Universal joint.= A joint or connection that permits a piece to be
moved about in any required direction.
=Universal milling-machine.= A milling-machine that is capable of
cutting spirals, and is provided with an index head.
=Upright.= A vertical post or frame.
=U. S. standard thread.= A V-shaped thread having a flat place at the
top and bottom.
V
=Vernier= (vër'ni-er). A measuring device in which two sets of lines of
division are employed, one set being narrower spaced than the other, but
so spaced that in a certain number of divisions the two end lines of
each piece measure exactly alike: this provides a means of making a
minute measurement.
=Vise.= A work-holding device in which one jaw is movable and the other
stationary.
=Vise-clamp.= A piece of metal placed on the vise jaw and passing
between it and the work to prevent the jaw teeth from indenting the
work.
=[V]-thread.= A V-shaped thread, sharp at the top and bottom.
W
=Warding file.= A thin file suitable for filing out the wards of the
keys of door locks, etc.
=Washer.= A perforated disc of metal, usually forming a seating for some
other piece as a rest or a pin.
=Wheel lathe.= A lathe for turning wheels.
=Whitworth's quick-return motion.= A mechanism employed to move a
cutting tool faster on its return than on its cutting stroke.
=Whitworth's thread.= A screw thread designed by Sir Joseph Whitworth,
and having a rounded top and bottom.
=Winding strips.= A pair of straight edges, used to detect any wind or
twist in surfaces that ought to be parallel.
=Wing-nut.= A nut having wings so that it may be screwed up with the
fingers.
=Wire-gauge.= A gauge having notches in it that are standards of size
for wire, for the thickness of sheet metal, for screws, etc., etc.
=Worm-wheel.= A wheel whose teeth are formed to work with a worm or
screw.
=Wrench.= A tool for turning nuts, etc.
Y
=Yoke.= A piece that embraces two other pieces to hold them together, or
adjust their distance apart.
INDEX TO THE TWO VOLUMES.
A
Absolute steam pressure, ii, 411.
Accidents to locomotives, ii, 402.
Accurate standards, i, 341.
Admission of steam to indicator, ii, 414.
point of, ii, 376.
Adjustable centre rest, ii, 14.
chucks for true work, i, 235.
cutters, i, 448.
with half-round bit, i, 281.
die stock, i, 448.
drivers for bolt-heads, i, 224.
end measurement gauges, i, 377.
or jamb dies, i, 98.
planes, ii, 269.
reamers, i, 189, 284, ii, 99.
shell reamers, i, 284.
tap wrenches, i, 110.
taps, i, 104.
wrenches, various forms of, i, 125.
Adjusting connecting rod brasses, ii, 385.
length of connecting rods, ii, 126.
main bearings, ii, 386.
parts of a locomotive, ii, 404.
Adjustment of band saws, ii, 309.
by differential screw, i, 119.
Advantages of face cutters, i, 108.
of involute gear teeth, i, 34.
Air brake for locomotives, ii, 398.
Air chambers, ii, 388, 441.
Air pumps, ii, 441.
Aligning connecting rods, ii, 119, 124.
Alignment in crank pins, errors, ii, 169.
of cranks, testing the, ii, 167.
of lathe tail stocks, i, 145.
Allen valve, ii, 377.
Allowance, for contraction fits, i, 366.
for hydraulic fits, i, 365.
Alteration of shape of threads from the wear of tools, i, 89.
Angle irons, welding of, ii, 236.
of clearance in lathe tools, i, 257.
plate chucking, examples of, i, 251.
plates for planer tables, i, 418.
valve patterns, ii, 283, 284.
Angles for the facets of scrapers, ii, 97.
of cutting edges of chisels, ii, 74.
of thread cutting tools, i, 91.
Angular advance of eccentrics, ii, 380.
cutters, ii, 19.
cutters for groove cutting, ii, 27.
of helical teeth, i, 69.
teeth, and thrust of, i, 69.
herring-bone, i, 69.
velocity of gear-wheels, i, 6.
Angularity of connecting rods, ii, 375.
Annular emery wheels, ii, 47.
wheels, i, 1.
compared with spur, i, 32.
Anvils, ii, 230.
Apparatus for oiling, ii, 439, 440.
Appliances for bending timber, ii, 265.
for tapping standard work, i, 111.
Aprons, lathe, feed motion for, i, 168.
Apron tools for planers, i, 411.
Arbors, adjustable, i, 227.
cutter, ii, 25.
emery wheel, construction of, i, 198.
expanding, i, 227.
for eccentric work, i, 229.
shell reamers, i, 283.
threaded work, i, 228.
lathe, i, 227.
Arc of approach of gear-wheels, i, 13, 16.
of contact of gear-wheels, i, 17, 25.
of recess of gear-wheels, i, 13, 16, 20.
Area of the indicator diagram, ii, 419.
Arms for pulleys, ii, 279.
pivoted, for tooth templates, i, 44.
Atmosphere, influence of, on oils, ii, 153.
Auger bit, i, 453.
Augers for end-grain wood, i, 454.
Augers for wood boring, ii, 342.
Automatic air brake, ii, 398.
cut-off engines, ii, 423.
engine, high speed, ii, 427.
engine, straight line, ii, 428.
wheel governors, ii, 427.
feed motions, i, 408; ii, 8.
gear cutter, ii, 54.
nut tapping machine socket, ii, 475.
grindstone traversing device, ii, 53.
Auxiliary valve, ii, 438, 439.
Ax handle lathes, i, 210.
Axle boxes, hot, ii, 403.
locomotive, ii, 148.
brasses, testing, i, 366.
Axles, crank, lathes for turning, i, 152.
forging, ii, 259.
B
Babbitting boxes, methods of, ii, 155.
Babbitt metal-lined boxes, ii, 155.
Back-gear of lathe, i, 135, 145.
throwing in and out, i, 165.
treble, i, 143.
Back-knife gauge lathe, i, 211.
Back rest, i, 233.
Balanced valves, ii, 377.
Balancing cutter heads, ii, 324, 326.
emery wheels, ii, 39.
pulleys, ii, 202.
Ball turning, i, 325.
Banking fires, ii, 401.
Band saw machines, ii, 308, 311, 312.
Band saw guides, ii, 311.
teeth, ii, 308-310.
pitch of, ii, 309.
tension, ii, 310, 311.
Bar cutters, boring, i, 289.
the shapes of, i, 291.
Bar iron, straightening, i, 305.
Barometer, graduation of, ii, 416.
construction of, ii, 415.
Bars, boring, i, 289.
boring, with fixed heads, i, 290.
Bar steel, forms of, for chisels, ii, 73.
Beading bits, ii, 270, 271.
Bearings, adjusting, ii, 386.
for lead screw, i, 139.
of engine lathes, i, 134.
of line shafting, ii, 166.
surfaces of keys, i, 126.
thrust of, ii, 445.
various forms of, ii, 147.
wear of, i, 158.
Beating and pounding, causes of, ii, 168.
Bedding brasses in their boxes, ii, 132.
Beds, planer, flat guideways for, i, 414.
planer, oiling devices for, i, 415.
Belt stretching clamps, ii, 210.
lacings, covers for, ii, 215.
forms of, ii, 214.
Belt pumps, ii, 388.
shifting mechanism, i, 406, 407.
Belts, bevelled joints for, ii, 215.
changing or shipping, ii, 217.
driving power of, ii, 208-225.
friction, coefficient of, ii, 222.
grain side, weak, ii, 208.
to pulley, ii, 209.
guide pulleys for, ii, 211.
lap joints for, ii, 215.
length of, ii, 209.
line of motion of, ii, 217.
parts of hide used for, ii, 207.
pegged, ii, 215.
single and double, ii, 208.
stretch of, parts of hide, ii, 208.
the creep of, ii, 222.
length of, ii, 209.
sag of, ii, 210.
tension of, ii, 211, 224.
torsional moment, ii, 223.
[V] or angular, ii, 217.
Bench lathes, i, 130.
Bending appliances, ii, 226, 265.
block for wood, ii, 265, 266.
iron, ii, 226, 240.
timber, ii, 265, 266.
wood, modern methods, ii, 265.
Bent files, use of, ii, 93.
Bevel gear teeth, originating, i, 22.
pinion, drawings for, i, 59.
protractors, i, 380.
squares, i, 380.
wheel, body pattern, i, 59.
Bevel wheels, i, 1, 21, 61.
formation of the teeth of, i, 22.
testing the angle of, i, 60.
Bilge injection marine engines, ii, 441.
Billiard cues, steady rest for, i, 233.
Birmingham wire gauge for gold and silver, i, 387.
Bit, half round, i, 281.
Bits for wood working, ii, 342.
Blacksmith's anvils, ii, 230.
drilling levers, i, 456.
fire, side blast for, ii, 228.
forges, ii, 228, 229.
swages, ii, 230, 231.
temper, ii, 460.
tools, ii, 229, 230.
work, swaging, ii, 232.
Blade, form of, necessary to produce a given shape of moulding, ii, 77.
Block planes, ii, 269.
Blocks for filing pins, ii, 104.
pillow for shafting, ii, 194.
or pillar, patterns for, ii, 277.
swage, ii, 232.
Blotting paper, oil test, ii, 154.
Blowing down boilers, ii, 370.
Blows upon plates, effects of, ii, 69.
Blow through valve, ii, 440.
Boiler fitting joints, ii, 140.
Boilermakers, drilling machine, i, 435.
drilling machine, feed motion, i, 436.
Boilermakers' turning machine, i, 435.
Boiler, blowing down, ii, 370.
cleaning, ii, 370.
evaporative efficiency of, ii, 366.
examining, ii, 458.
factors of safety of, ii, 355.
feed water, ii, 370.
feeding, instruction upon, ii, 370.
fire cleaning, ii, 369.
cleaning tools, ii, 369.
for stationary engine, ii, 350.
gauge cocks, ii, 368.
grate bars, ii, 369.
bars, shaking, ii, 369.
horizontal, return tubes, ii, 361.
lighting the fire under, ii, 368.
internally fired, ii, 358.
plate, the strength of, ii, 351.
settings, ii, 364-366.
seams, diameter of rivets, ii, 356.
treble riveted, ii, 353.
shells, drilling machines for, i, 436.
the strains on, ii, 351.
the strength of, ii, 350.
strains on, ii, 355.
the care and management of, ii, 368.
tubes, for fire engines, ii, 431.
vertical, ii, 359.
external uptakes, ii, 361.
water gauge glass of, ii, 368.
with Field tubes, ii, 359.
Boilers, low water in, ii, 370.
of marine engines, ii, 436, 437.
of steam fire engines, ii, 431.
priming in, ii, 370.
Bolt-cutting machine, head of, i, 466.
dies, i, 473.
rapid, i, 467.
the construction of dies for, i, 473.
with automatic stop motion, i, 466.
back gear, i, 467.
Bolt-forging, ii, 238.
Bolt-threading machinery, i, 468.
capacity of, i, 471.
construction of, i, 468-472.
Bolted connecting-rod straps, ii, 116.
Bolt-heads, adjustable drivers for, i, 224.
bedding, i, 117.
filing, ii, 105.
Bolt-holes, classification of, i, 112.
Bolts and nuts, table for, i, 114.
Bolts, classification of, i, 112.
countersunk, i, 112.
devices for forging, ii, 238.
for foundations, forms of, i, 113.
planer tables, forms of, i, 417.
quick removal, i, 116.
forms of drivers for, i, 224.
hook, i, 113.
not passing through the work, i, 117.
rapid construction of, i, 468.
removing corroded, i, 122.
self-locking, i, 117.
Bore gauge, i, 387.
Boring and turning mill or lathe, i, 211.
bar, centres for, i, 293.
cutters, i, 289.
cutters, shapes of, i, 291.
bars, i, 289.
for taper work, forms of, i, 292.
three or four cutters for, i, 290.
with fixed heads, i, 290.
with sliding heads, i, 290.
double-coned work, i, 293.
end grain wood, augers for, i, 453.
head with nut feed, i, 291.
heads, i, 288.
lathe for engine cylinders, i, 219.
with double heads, i, 220.
with traversing spindle, i, 218.
mill, i, 211.
purposes, chucking lathe for, i, 152.
tool holders, i, 287.
tools for brass, lathe, and small work, i, 285-287.
octagon, holders for, i, 175.
the spring of, i, 286.
Boring-machine, i, 431.
for car wheels, i, 438.
wood, ii, 342.
horizontal, i, 433.
pulley, i, 438.
the feed motion of, i, 432.
Box wrenches, i, 124.
body chucks, i, 237.
tools for screw machines, i, 208.
Brace drill, i, 455.
with multiplying gear, i, 456.
ratchet motion, i, 456.
Brad awl, i, 452.
Brake for lathe pulley, i, 149.
for pattern lathe, i, 149.
lathe, i, 151.
Branch pipe core boxes, ii, 286.
Brasses, fitting to their journals, ii, 145.
Brasses, for connecting rods, adjusting, ii, 120-127, 130-132.
lead lined, ii, 148.
oil cavities for, ii, 150.
open, ii, 149.
various forms of, ii, 127, 147.
Brass work, boring tools for, i, 286.
front tools for, i, 264.
hand tool for roughing out, i, 332.
side tools for, i, 264.
special lathes for, i, 217.
Breast drill with double gear, i, 456.
Broaches, construction of, i, 479.
Broaching press, i, 478.
Broken frames, repairing, ii, 178.
Brush wheels, for polishing, ii, 50.
speed of, ii, 50.
Built-up gearwheels, i, 61.
Burnishing lathe work, i, 311.
Butt joints, boiler, ii, 352.
Butt welds, ii, 236.
Buzz planer, ii, 315.
By-pass valve, ii, 438.
C
Calculating the horse power of engines, ii, 407, 419.
revolutions of, and power transmitted by, gear wheels, i, 5.
speeds of pulleys, ii, 204.
strength of gear teeth, i, 65.
strength of riveted seams, ii, 354.
horse power by indicator diagrams, ii, 418, 419.
Calculations, safety-valve, ii, 409.
Calendar roll lathe, i, 195, 215.
Caliper, the micrometer, i, 354.
Calipers, compass, i, 378.
holding and using, i, 361, 362.
inside, i, 360.
spring, i, 360.
with locking devices, i, 360.
Cam chuck for irregular work, i, 328.
motion for an engine slide-valve without steam lap, i, 83.
motions, applications of, i, 327.
for engines, i, 83.
return or backing, i, 82.
Cams, finding the pitch line of, i, 80.
finding the working face of, i, 80.
originating in the lathe, i, 326.
return, finding the shapes of, i, 82.
Capacity of pumps, ii, 388.
of thread cutting machine, i, 471.
Cape chisels or cross-cut chisels, ii, 74.
Car axle lathe, i, 147.
the feed motions of, i, 148.
Carpenter's chisel, ii, 77.
Carriages, lathe, testing, ii, 182.
for lathes, i, 137, 145.
Carriers, lathe, i, 222.
Car wheels, boring machine for, i, 438.
Case-hardening, ii, 128, 442.
finished work, ii, 129.
preparing work for, ii, 129.
Casting pillow blocks, ii, 277.
Cast gear, contact of the teeth of, i, 67.
iron, internal strains, i, 306.
teeth, contact of, i, 67.
scale for curves of, i, 51.
side clearance, i, 53.
Cat head, i, 233.
steady rest, i, 233.
Caulking tools, ii, 141.
Cement chuck, i, 242.
Cements used in the manufacture of emery wheels, ii, 38.
Centre bit, i, 454.
dead, methods of removing, i, 159.
drill and countersink, i, 300.
chuck, i, 302.
drilling lathe attachment, i, 300.
chucks for, i, 303.
machine, i, 300.
live, removing, i, 159.
of rough work, i, 301.
planer, i, 408.
punch, i, 300.
guide, i, 301.
Centres for boring bars, i, 293.
for hollow work, i, 226.
lathe, i, 296.
shaping machines, i, 397.
taper work, i, 226.
live, tapers for, i, 159.
Centring devices for crank axles, i, 230.
square, i, 300.
work with the scribing block, i, 301.
Chain riveted joints, ii, 352.
Chambering or gumming, ii, 290.
Change gears, arrangement of, i, 319.
gears, compounded, i, 321.
table for finding, for screw cutting, i, 180.
hanging, i, 158.
wheels, pitches of teeth, i, 182, 321.
Changing or slipping belts, ii, 217.
Chasers, errors in applying, i, 336.
forms of, i, 268.
holders, i, 268.
improved form of, i, 90.
outside and inside, i, 335.
setting, i, 268.
Check valves, ii, 388.
Chisels, angle of presentation, ii, 77.
angles of cutting edges, ii, 74.
blacksmith's, ii, 230.
cape or cross-cut, ii, 74.
carpenter's, ii, 77.
cow-mouthed, ii, 75.
curved or oil groove, ii, 76.
cutting ends of, ii, 74.
diamond point, ii, 76.
dimensions of, ii, 74.
for wood, ii, 271.
handles for, ii, 271.
holders, ii, 74.
machinist's application of, ii, 76.
round-nosed, ii, 76.
shapes of cutting edges, ii, 74.
the use of, ii, 76.
Chucking device for pulleys, i, 318.
devices for planer tables, i, 408.
errors in, i, 250.
lathe for boring purposes, i, 152.
machine beds, on a planer, i, 421.
on angle plates, i, 251.
reamers, for true work, i, 283.
the halves of large pulleys on a planer, i, 422.
Chucks and chucking, i, 234.
Chucks, box body, i, 237.
cement, i, 242.
combination, i, 237.
cone, i, 232.
contracting, for lathes, i, 188.
drill, i, 446.
drill-holding, construction of, ii, 41.
expanding, i, 188.
for centre-drilling and countersinking, i, 303.
large planing machines, i, 422.
milling machines, ii, 31.
screw machine, i, 205.
straightening wire, i, 305.
true work, adjustable, i, 235.
wood-working lathes, i, 242.
independent, i, 238.
planer, for curved work, i, 420.
planer, for grooved work, i, 419.
reversible jawed, i, 237.
special forms of, i, 234-241.
swivelling, i, 395.
tailstock for drilled work, i, 279.
the wear of, i, 240.
three and four-jawed, i, 237.
two-jawed, i, 236.
universal, i, 238.
various forms of, i, 394.
vise, for vise work, i, 396.
vise, holding taper work in, i, 394.
vise, rapid motion, i, 396.
Circle, dividing the, i, 348.
rolling, for change gears, i, 16.
Circular cutters, i, 272; ii, 22.
cutters, tool holders for, i, 272.
cutting tools, i, 267.
plane, ii, 268.
saw gauges, ii, 287.
inserting teeth, ii, 290, 291.
machine, roll feed, ii, 298, 300.
mandrel hole, size of, ii, 287.
segmental, ii, 300.
stretching by heat, ii, 288.
tension, ii, 288.
Circular slide valves, ii, 377.
Circulating pumps, ii, 440.
Circumferential seam strength, ii, 356.
grindstone speed, ii, 52.
Clamp couplings, ii, 197.
Clamping work on face plates, i, 245.
Clamps, belt, ii, 210.
chucking, i, 245.
for steady rests, i, 233.
polishing for lathe-work, i, 311.
steady rest, i, 233.
vise, various forms of, ii, 64.
Classification of bolts, i, 112.
of bolt heads, i, 112.
of lathes, i, 129.
of measuring tools, i, 354.
Cleaning boilers, ii, 370.
files, ii, 94.
Clearance in cast gear teeth, i, 53.
of front tools, i, 254.
of planer tools, i, 424.
of taps, i, 102.
of tools for square threads, i, 269.
of twist drills, i, 274, 275.
on cutter, ii, 35.
Clements driver, i, 223.
Clinker hook, ii, 369.
Clip-ended connecting-rod, ii, 115.
Clock wheels, i, 21.
Clutches, friction, ii, 192.
Cocks and plugs, grinding, ii, 144.
leaky, ii, 145.
Cogged gear-wheels, i, 63.
Cogs, durability of, i, 66.
strength of, i, 66.
thickness of, i, 66.
methods of fastening, i, 63.
Cold-rolled shafting, ii, 187.
Collapsing tap, screw machine, i, 107.
taps, tapping machine, i, 107.
Collar gauges and standard plug, i, 356.
for threads, i, 91.
testing, i, 356.
Collars for shafting, ii, 189.
Color tempering, ii, 460.
Combination chucks, i, 237.
Combination planes, ii, 269, 270.
Combined centre-drill and countersink, i, 300.
cutting off tools and holders, i, 273.
drilling machine and lathe, i, 433.
Compass planes, ii, 268, 269.
Compasses, i, 377.
Compound engines, ii, 434, 435.
slide rest, i, 140.
tool holders for, i, 174.
Compounded gears, i, 320.
Compounds for welding, ii, 234.
Compression curve of engines, ii, 422.
Compression curve, ii, 415.
line, ii, 415.
the point of, ii, 376.
Concave saw, ii, 287, 288.
Condenser, total pressure in, ii, 444.
Condensing engine diagram, ii, 415.
Cone chuck, i, 232.
Connecting-rods, adjusting the length of, ii, 126.
angularity of, ii, 375.
brasses, adjusting, ii, 385.
joint faces of, ii, 122.
lining up, ii, 126.
double gibbed, ii, 116.
ends, tapered, ii, 117.
fitting up, ii, 118.
keys, ii, 375.
keyways, filing out, ii, 120.
locomotive, ii, 115.
length of, ii, 123.
marine engine, ii, 116.
marking length of, ii, 123.
repairing, ii, 125.
setting up keys of, ii, 126.
solid-ended, ii, 114.
strap-ended, ii, 115.
straps, ii, 120.
bolted, ii, 116.
stepped, ii, 117.
trammelling the length of, ii, 122.
various forms of, ii, 117.
welding up stub ends of, ii, 119.
Construction of gland patterns, ii, 276.
of groove cams, i, 84.
of lathe carriages, i, 137.
of emery wheel arbors, i, 198.
of tailstock of engine lathe, i, 135.
of reciprocating cross-cut saw, ii, 312.
of scroll sawing machines, ii, 306, 307.
of the barometer, ii, 415.
Contact of cast teeth, i, 67.
Contracting chucks for lathes, i, 188.
Contraction or shrinking fits, i, 366.
Convection, ii, 412.
Conversion of heat into work, ii, 411.
Cope cutters, ii, 344.
Core boxes for branch pipes, ii, 286.
Core box plane, i, 269.
Cored work, drivers for, i, 225.
Corliss engine, ii, 423, 424.
valve, lap of, ii, 426, 427.
valve gear, ii, 424, 425.
Correcting the errors of thread pitch caused by hardening, i, 109.
Corroded bolts, removing, i, 122.
nuts, removing, i, 122.
Cotter or keyway drilling machine, i, 438.
drills, i, 446.
Counterbore and drill, i, 449.
Countershafts, ii, 191.
Countersink cutters, i, 449.
Countersink, for hardened work, i, 303.
for lathe work, i, 302.
with adjustable drill, i, 300.
Countersinking, chucks for, i, 303.
Countersinks, i, 285.
Countersunk bolt heads, i, 112.
Coupling for light shafting, ii, 198.
plate, ii, 196.
universal, ii, 199.
Couplings, clamp, ii, 197.
for line shafting, ii, 194.
for split sleeves, ii, 195.
self-adjusting, ii, 196.
Covers for belt lacings, ii, 215.
Cow mouthed chisel, ii, 75.
Crank, application of slide-rest, i, 152.
axles, centring devices, i, 230.
axles, lathe for turning, i, 152.
drill, i, 457.
lathe for turning, i, 154.
motion for shaping machines, i, 401.
simple, i, 13.
placing at right angles, ii, 156.
Crank-pin aligning, errors, ii, 158, 170.
remedying errors of, ii, 171.
riveting, ii, 73.
Crank-pins, hot, ii, 386.
Crank position, engine starting, ii, 384.
Crank-shaft, forging, ii, 248, 249.
setting eccentrics on, ii, 174.
Cranks, placing at right angles, ii, 156.
special lathe chuck for, i, 248.
testing the alignment of, ii, 167.
Creep of belts, ii, 211.
Cropping gauge, ii, 296.
Cross-bar, construction of, i, 409.
Cross-cut, or cape chisels, ii, 74.
saws, ii, 272, 273, 312.
Cross-cutting or gaining machine, ii, 305.
Cross-feed motion, construction of, i, 138.
Cross-files, ii, 91.
Crossfiling, ii, 92, 93.
Cross-head chucking, i, 251, 253.
Cross-heads of steam engines, ii, 375.
Crowding of cutters, to avoid, ii, 27.
Crowned pulleys, ii, 200.
Crowns of brasses, shapes of, ii, 127.
Crown wheels, i, 1.
Curve of expansion of indicator diagrams, ii, 414.
of gear wheel teeth, variation of, i, 12.
Curved or oil groove chisel, ii, 76.
work, planer chuck for, i, 410.
work, turning, i, 314, 315.
Curves, compression, ii, 415.
marking, by hand, i, 45.
of gear teeth for bevel gear, i, 22.
templates for, i, 384.
Cushioned hammers, ii, 252, 253.
Cut, and kinds of rasps, ii, 87.
of files, ii, 86.
gear-wheel teeth, strength of, i, 65.
Cut-off engines, ii, 423.
the point of, ii, 376.
valves, ii, 378.
Cutter, adjustable, i, 448.
adjustable on half-round bit, i, 281.
angle for worm wheels, i, 43.
angle of, for spiral grooves, ii, 29.
arbors, ii, 25.
boring-bar, the shapes of, i, 291.
clearance of, ii, 35.
grinding taper, thin edge, ii, 33.
heads, ii, 337.
heads for planing machines, ii, 320.
revolving, for gear teeth, i, 37.
Cutters, angular, ii, 18.
angular, grooving, setting of, ii, 28.
circular, ii, 22.
countersink, i, 449.
crowding, to avoid, ii, 27.
face, ii, 17.
fly, ii, 21.
for drilling machines, i, 442.
edge moulding, ii, 341.
friezing machines, ii, 340.
moulding machines, ii, 340.
mouldings, ii, 336, 337.
standard shapes, i, 111.
gang or composite, ii, 23.
holders for fly, ii, 22.
matched, ii, 73.
milling, ii, 16.
milling, errors in grinding, ii, 32.
parallel, fixture for grinding, ii, 32.
right and left-hand, ii, 18.
rotary, for all kinds of work, ii, 341.
shank, ii, 19.
sizes of, ii, 17.
slide of gear-cutter, operating, ii, 55.
spiral, grinding teeth of, ii, 36.
tube-plate, i, 448.
twin, ii, 18.
with inserted teeth, ii, 24.
with spiral teeth, ii, 17.
Cutting cams in the lathe, i, 326.
coarse pitch square threads, i, 269.
double threads, i, 322.
edge of chisels, angles of, ii, 74.
of chisels, shapes of, ii, 74.
on drills, clearance, ii, 43, 44.
edges for dies, number of, i, 471.
for taps, number of, i, 105.
ends of chisels, ii, 74.
feeds for wrought iron, i, 294.
files, ii, 101.
gauge, ii, 274.
grooves in cylindrical work, ii, 27.
helical teeth in the lathe, i, 69.
iron when hot, ii, 263.
keyways by hand, ii, 108.
left-hand threads, i, 322.
out keyways by drifts, ii, 109.
steam ports, jigs for, i, 441.
right and left-hand grooves, ii, 29.
right or left-hand thread, single, double, or treble, with same
dies, i, 99.
screws by the metric system, i, 322.
screw thread by hand, i, 62.
speeds, examples of, i, 295.
for threading dies, i, 474.
for wrought iron, i, 294.
taper threads, i, 338.
threads, multiple, i, 322.
on taper work, i, 324.
tools, circular, i, 267.
producing gauges for, i, 92.
power required to drive, i, 273.
the utmost duty of, i, 258.
wheels, angle of cutter for, i, 43.
wood slips, ii, 271.
worm-wheel teeth in the lathe, i, 42.
Cutting-off machine, i, 193.
tool for screw machines, i, 208.
tools, i, 262, 273.
Cycloidal curves for gear teeth, i, 8.
Cylinder boring lathe with facing slide rests, i, 219.
cover joints, ii, 137.
cover, turning a, i, 318.
ends, scraping out, ii, 161.
Cylinder heads, knocking out, ii, 402.
Cylinders, bores of, ii, 372.
clearance in, ii, 372.
counterbore of, ii, 372.
for steam engines, ii, 372.
jacketed, ii, 374.
lagging, ii, 374.
lubricating, ii, 373.
reboring in place, ii, 160.
relief valves for, ii, 373.
steam, ports of, ii, 373.
waste water cocks of, ii, 373.
wear of, ii, 372.
Cylindrical work, cutting grooves, ii, 27.
D
Dancing governors, ii, 384.
Dead-centre, finding the, ii, 174.
methods of removing, i, 159.
of the crank, finding the, ii, 172.
Deflection of surface plates, ii, 135.
Depth of gear wheel teeth, i, 42.
Designing slide valves, ii, 380.
Detachable slide rest, i, 143.
Determining the pitches of the teeth for change wheels, i, 182.
Diagram, theoretical, ii, 414.
the uses of, ii, 413.
Diagrams for condensing engine, ii, 415.
indicator, ii, 414.
defective, ii, 421.
Diameter at the roots of threads, i, 269.
of circle for generating curves of gear teeth, i, 10.
of the pitch circle of wheels, i, 1.
Diameters of line shafting, ii, 189.
Diametral clearance of twist drills, i, 274.
Diamond point chisel, ii, 76.
Diamond pointed tool for lathe work, i, 254.
Dictionary of work-shop terms, ii, 473.
Die stock for pipe-threading by hand, i, 463.
by power, i, 463.
Dies, adjustable, i, 98.
for finishing square threads, i, 269.
for forging eye-bars, ii, 260.
for gas and steam pipes, i, 101.
or chasers in the heads of bolt-cutting machines, i, 463.
the wear of, i, 89.
with four cutting edges, i, 100.
Differential threads for locking, i, 119.
Displacement of pumps, ii, 387.
Distance between bearings of line-shafting, ii, 186.
Dividers, i, 377.
Dividing device for circle, i, 352.
engine, i, 349.
mechanism for gear cutting, ii, 57.
Division of the circle, i, 348.
Dog-head hammer, ii, 69.
Dogs, lathe, various kinds of, i, 222.
movable for face-plate work, i, 250.
Donkey engines, ii, 442.
Double beat valves, ii, 443.
eye, filing up a, ii, 103.
forging of, ii, 240.
eyes, fitting pins in, i, 121.
gibbed connecting rod, ii, 115.
head panel raiser and sticker, ii, 335.
heads for planing machines, i, 404.
ported side valves, ii, 377.
rapid bolt threading machine, i, 467.
riveted lap joint, ii, 352.
saw machine, ii, 294, 295.
spindle milling machine, ii, 16.
threads, cutting, i, 322.
tool holder for slide rest, i, 169.
wheel sanding machines, ii, 348.
Double-coned work, boring, i, 293.
Dovetail joint, ii, 275.
Draught of keys, i, 127.
Draw filing, ii, 93.
Drawing the temper, ii, 462.
Drawings for bevel pinion, i, 59.
for gear wheels, i, 59.
Drifts, forms of, ii, 109.
methods of using, ii, 160.
Drill, and counter-bore, i, 449.
brace, i, 445.
universal joint for, i, 456.
with multiplying gear, i, 456.
with ratchet motion, i, 456.
chucks, i, 446; ii, 41.
cranks, i, 457.
for stone, i, 454.
for wood work, i, 449.
grinding, varied for diameter, ii, 41.
conditions for all diameters, ii, 41.
holders, flat, for lathe work, i, 281.
holders, twist, i, 274.
machine, grinding, ii, 41.
position, for all drills, ii, 41.
shanks, i, 445.
shank, improved form of, i, 446.
sockets, i, 445.
with cord, i, 455.
with spring motion, i, 455.
Drilled work, tailstock chucks for, i, 279.
Drilling and boring machine, i, 431.
feed motion of, i, 432.
device for lock work, i, 459.
engine cylinders, jigs for, i, 440, 441.
hard metal, i, 445.
Drilling holes true to location with flat drills, i, 442.
levers for blacksmith, i, 457.
square holes, device for, i, 450.
taper holes, i, 451.
and turning machine for boiler makers, i, 435.
machine, and lathe combined, i, 433.
cotter or keyway, i, 438.
feed motion of, i, 432.
feed motions of, i, 436.
for boiler shells, i, 436.
four-spindle, i, 434.
hand, i, 459.
lever feed, i, 428.
power, i, 428.
three-spindle, i, 434.
with automatic motions, i, 428.
with quick return, i, 428.
machines, counterbores for, i, 449.
cutters for, i, 447.
drills for, i, 442.
fixtures for, i, 439.
flat drills for, i, 442.
jigs for, i, 439.
radial, i, 430, 431.
stocks for, i, 447.
Drills and cutters, i, 442, 447.
cotter or keyway, i, 446.
flat, errors in grinding, i, 443.
flat, for drilling machines, i, 442.
flat, for lathe work, i, 280.
for wood work, i, 279.
square-shanked, i, 446.
disadvantages of, i, 446.
stock, with spiral grooves, i, 445.
twist, diametral clearance of, i, 274.
fluting, ii, 29.
front rake of, i, 275; ii, 44.
grinding by hand, i, 279.
large, grinding, ii, 41.
speeds and feeds for, i, 277.
Driver, and face plate, i, 223.
Drivers, equalizing, i, 223.
for bolt heads, i, 224.
coned work, i, 225.
lathe mandrels or arbors, i, 227.
steady rest work, i, 22.
threaded work, i, 225.
wood, i, 225.
lathe, i, 222.
the elements, i, 223.
Driving cones, steps of, i, 159-164.
drills, flexible shaft for, i, 458.
gear of universal milling machine, ii, 15.
gear table, i, 404.
Drop hammers, ii, 255, 256.
Duration of a hammer blow, experiments on, ii, 65, 66.
Duplex slide-rests, i, 143.
E