=Haliburton, Thomas Chandler=, was born at Windsor, Nova Scotia, in

December, 1796, and there received the primary portion of his education.

He then attended the University of King’s College, and graduated with

high honors in 1824. At an early period of his college course he showed

a decided taste for literary pursuits, and took many prizes, among them

the English essay prize, which he succeeded in wresting from the

expectant grasp of several able competitors. On leaving college he

turned his attention to law, entered the legal profession and practised

at Annapolis, where he had a large and lucrative connection. He then, at

the earnest solicitation of friends, entered the Legislative Assembly of

Nova Scotia, as member for the county of Annapolis, and here his fine

intellect, and good debating powers, soon gave him a leading position.

As an orator he is said to have been “earnest, impressive and dignified;

though he often showed a strong propensity for wit and humor.” In 1828

he was appointed chief justice of the Court of Common Pleas, and

discharged the duties of his position with great ability till 1840, when

he was transferred to the Supreme Court. In February, 1856, he resigned

his office, left his native land; and found a home in England, where he

spent the remainder of his days. At the general elections in 1859 he

entered the Imperial parliament as member for Lancaster. Here he joined

in some of the debates; but parliamentary life appears to have become

irksome to him, and his greatest pleasure was derived from advancing the

interests of the village of Isleworth, where he lived, by aiding the

philanthropical projects of its inhabitants, and contributing to its

charitable institutions; and it was there he died, on the 27th August,

1865. Haliburton first became known as an author in 1829, when he

published “An Historical and Statistical Account of Nova Scotia,” This

work is said to be written with “clearness, spirit, accuracy, and

impartiality,” and is at the present day regarded as a standard work. So

much was thought of it that the House of Assembly in Nova Scotia

tendered the author a vote of thanks, which he received when in his

place in parliament. In 1834 he published “Kentucky,” a tale. In 1837

the first series of “The Clock Maker; or Sayings and Doings of Sam.

Slick of Slickville,” came before the public, which was followed by the

second and third series in 1838 and 1840. It was in order to preserve

some anecdotes and stories, which were too good to be lost, and were in

danger of passing into oblivion, that Haliburton wrote, anonymously, a

series of articles for a paper, the _Nova Scotian_, speaking to the

public through the medium of a Yankee pedlar. These papers were a great

success, and appeared as a collection under the foregoing title, and as

a work on common sense it is doubtful if it has its equal. It has been

re-published in England and the United States, and translated into

foreign languages. In 1839 he published “The Letter-Bag of the Great

Western; or Life in a Steamer,” after which followed “The Bubbles of

Canada”; “A Reply to the Report of Lord Dufferin”; “Traits of American

Humor”; “Sam. Slick’s Wise Saws and Modern Instances”; “The Old Judge;

or Life in a Colony”; “The Americans at Home”; “Rule and Misrule of the

English in America”; “The Attaché; or Sam. Slick in England”; “Yankee

Stories and Yankee Letters”; “The Sayings and Doings of Sam. Slick,

Esq., with his Opinion on Matrimony”; “Sam. Slick in Search of a Wife”;

“Nature and Human Nature.” Two of his speeches have also been published;

one on “Resources and Prospects of British North America,” in 1857, and

the other, “On the Repeal of the Differential Duties on Foreign and

Colonial Wool.” Critics say, “although a man of mark in other

departments of literature, Haliburton is best known as a humorist.” His

“History of Nova Scotia” will bear comparison with any works of a

similar kind that have appeared in America; but it is to Sam. Slick that

he owes his fame. The revelations and remarks of the Yankee pedlar are

valuable, no less for their shrewdness and sound sense, than for their

raciness and humor, their sarcasms and laughable exaggerations.

Haliburton is indeed more than a humorist; and his productions will be

read with profit by others besides his countrymen. As a story-teller he

is inimitable, and the quaint dialect in which his yarns are couched

increases the comic effect of his utterances. Sam. Slick has an

individuality that insures for him a place amongst the best known

characters of fiction. It is needless to say anything more of one who

has attained such world-wide celebrity as he who is familiarly known to

Canadians as Judge Haliburton.

* * * * *

=Gervais, Marie Emery=, M.D., Three Rivers, a descendant of a French

family who migrated from France in the beginning of the present century,

and settled in the prosperous city of Three Rivers, was born in that

city on the 13th of December, 1845, and is the son of Louis Emery

Gervais, a merchant of good repute, and a highly esteemed citizen, who

served his fellow-townsmen in the capacity of councillor for over twenty

years; his mother was Julie Huart, of Point Levis. The doctor was

educated at the college of Three Rivers, and on completing a full course

of classical studies in that institution, removed to Montreal, and

entered the Medical and Surgical School, to follow a course of medical

studies, and in May, 1869, graduated M.D. at the University of Victoria

College, Cobourg. He then returned to his native place, where he has

practised ever since, enjoying the confidence and esteem of the entire

community. His urbane manners and uniform courtesy and kindness,

together with the careful attention he bestows on all who come under his

care have made him hosts of friends. He served in the town council for

several years, and in July, 1881, he was returned by acclamation for the

ward he had previously represented. He is also a member of the

Provincial Board of Health, to which office he was appointed for a term

of three years in July, 1880. On the 6th of August, 1870, he married

Marie Madeleine Etuchienne, daughter of the late Edouard Normand, of

Three Rivers, by whom he has issue twelve children, five sons and seven

daughters. The Normand family is well and favorably known in Three

Rivers, where it has numerous representatives, and by his alliance with

it, Dr. Gervais seems to have been endowed with the many estimable and

philanthropic characteristics which are its inheritance.

* * * * *

=Turcotte, Hon. Arthur=, Q.C., Three Rivers, Quebec.—The distinguished

subject of this sketch bears a name deservedly honored in Lower Canadian

annals, and for over half a century intimately associated with the

institutions, development and history of the city of Three Rivers. His

father was one of the most remarkable of the eminent public men of Lower

Canada during the last generation. The Hon. J. E. Turcotte was, during

his lifetime, Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of United Canada and a

member of the Macdonald-Cartier Cabinet, and played a leading part in

the politics of his day, besides endowing Three Rivers with important

public works of all kinds, which have handed down his fame to a grateful

posterity. Among these lasting mementoes of his services to his

constituents may be more specially mentioned the railway from Arthabaska

to Doucet’s Landing, and the extensive wharves on the water front of the

trifluvian city. The first charter of the Piles Railway was secured

through his exertions, and, though he did not live to see that road

built, the honor of its initiative still remains attached to his memory.

He further earned the title of a public benefactor by his large and

generous gifts to local institutions of charity, education and religion,

which still sacredly cherish his name and lineaments, while his energy

and eloquence continue to be household words throughout the province of

Quebec. His son, the Hon. Henri René Arthur Turcotte, is the worthy

representative of a distinguished father, whose life-work he has warmly

taken up, and in whose footsteps he has faithfully walked; so that

between the careers of the father and the son, there are many striking

points of analogy. Both have played a controlling part in the general

politics of the country, as well as in the affairs of Three Rivers as a

city, fighting the same battles, and filling the same positions as

ministers and speakers of the House. In both, too, are to be found

united the same energy and industry, the same civic spirit, which have

raised them to the pedestal of public benefactors in the eyes of their

fellow-citizens. Hon. Arthur Turcotte is still in the full vigor of

manhood. Born at Montreal, on the 19th January, 1845, he received a

brilliant education at the Jesuits’ College, Montreal, and Stoneyhurst

College, Lancashire, England. He early developed remarkable literary and

artistic tastes, and the oratorical talent which he inherited from his

father, one of the most eloquent men of his time. In 1867, Mr. Arthur

Turcotte was admitted to the bar, where he soon won a prominent

position. In 1879 he was appointed a Queen’s counsel. He took an active

and important part in the municipal affairs of his native city, and

represented his fellow citizens during a number of years successively as

councillor, alderman and mayor. He was returned to the Quebec

Legislature by the popular vote for the first time in March, 1876. Two

years later, the electoral division of Three Rivers re-elected him by

acclamation, and on the 4th June, 1878, the Legislative Assembly of

Quebec raised him to the dignity of its speaker, which he continued to

fill until the dissolution of the houses, in 1881. At the general

elections of 1881, he was again a candidate for Three Rivers, but the

close of the polls found him in a minority. The election of his

successful competitor, Mr. Dumoulin, having been set aside, however, for

corruption, a new election took place in March, 1884, and Hon. Mr.

Turcotte was again returned to the legislature. At the general elections

of the 14th October, 1886, superhuman efforts were made to defeat him,

but he once more triumphed with a considerable majority of the popular

vote. When Hon. H. Mercier was charged with the formation of a new

cabinet for the Province of Quebec, in 1887, Hon. Mr. Turcotte was asked

to enter it, and did so as a minister without portfolio. Some months

later he was called to act as commissioner of crown lands, during the

absence of the actual incumbent, the Hon. Mr. Garneau, who was in

Europe, for the benefit of his health. In November, 1887, ill-health

having forced Mr. Premier Mercier to take a rest for some time, Hon. Mr.

Turcotte was charged by him to act as Premier, and preside over the

cabinet councils during his absence. The acting prime minister of Quebec

is generally admitted to be one of the most powerful and popular

tribunes of his day. In the house, he never speaks without adding new

and precious light to any question under debate, and his deliverances

are always marked by much originality and independence of thought. He

has ever been the friend of the masses, and to his exertions they are

indebted for the Quebec Statute, exempting from attachment one-half of

workmen’s wages. His industrious habits make him a valuable

representative, and he has always taken an active part in public

legislation. He has been the author of numerous amendments for the

simplification of the civic code, and of the procedure before the Civil

Courts. He has also done much for the city of Three Rivers, where,

notwithstanding the bitterness of political contests, his name is

exceedingly popular. Like his illustrious father, he has contributed

largely to the improvement and extension of its railway facilities. The

Three Rivers “loop line,” an important local accommodation, is due to

his initiative and exertions, and he is actually engaged in promoting

another great public enterprise, the Three Rivers and North-Western

Railway, which promises most beneficial results. Hon. Mr. Turcotte is a

director of the British Empire Life Assurance Company. On 16th January,

1873, he was wedded to Marie Eleanore Isabella, only daughter of Angus

Macdonald, of Becancour.

* * * * *

=Fabre, Most Rev. Edward C.=, Roman Catholic Archbishop of Montreal, was

born in the city in which he holds such a high and holy office, on the

28th February, 1827. His parents, Edward Raymond Fabre, and Lucy

Perrault, were both born in Montreal. His father for many years carried

on the business of bookselling, standing, during his lifetime, high in

the estimation of his fellow citizens, and was mayor of the city in

1849-50. Archbishop Fabre is the eldest of a family of five children who

survive their father. A younger brother, Hon. Louis R. Hector Fabre,

occupied a seat in the senate of the Dominion for a number of years, for

La Salle; and a sister, Hortense, was married to the late Sir George E.

Cartier. The Most Rev. Archbishop Fabre was educated at St. Hyacinthe

College, Quebec province, and at Issy, near Paris, in France. He

received the tonsure at the hands of Archbishop Affre, of Paris, on the

17th May, 1845, and, returning to Canada, was ordained in Montreal on

the 23rd February, 1850, by Bishop Prince. After remaining four years in

Montreal, he was appointed curate of Sorel, where he proceeded and

entered upon his duties on the 3rd of April, 1850. In 1852 he was

promoted to the office of parish priest at Pointe Claire, on the St.

Lawrence river, between Lachine and St. Anne. Here he remained until

November, 1854, and then returned to the bishop’s palace, at Montreal.

He was made a canon on the 25th December, 1855; on the 1st April, 1873,

was appointed bishop of Gratianopolis, and was consecrated by Archbishop

Taschereau, of Quebec, on the 1st of May following. In 1876, on the

resignation of Bishop Bourget, he became bishop of Montreal, and entered

upon the important duties of that office in September of that year, and

was created Archbishop of the same See on the 8th of June, 1886, on

which date the See was created an Archbishopric. Archbishop Fabre has a

large territory under his control and superintendence, but he has not

shrunk from his duties. He is beloved by his people, and works in the

full consciousness that he is in the right path, and has been called of

God to do His work on earth.

* * * * *

=Mackintosh, Charles H.=, Journalist, Ottawa, was born in London,

Ontario, in 1843. He is a son of the late Captain William Mackintosh,

county engineer of Middlesex, Ontario, who came to Canada as an attaché

of the ordnance branch of the British army. Mr. Mackintosh has led an

unusually active life, and has succeeded in making his way, unaided,

from an humble position to one of honor and influence. He was educated

at the Galt Grammar school and Caradoc Academy, two well-known

institutions at that time. When almost yet a schoolboy he had strong

impulses toward a literary life. When the Prince of Wales came to

Canada, in 1860, an ode of welcome from the pen of Mr. Mackintosh, then

a youth of seventeen, was read in his honor, and presented to His Royal

Highness. Two years later, under the title of “Fat Contributor,” he

wrote for the London _Free Press_ a series of bright articles which were

characteristically named “Hurry-Graphs.” These attracted so wide

attention, that the entrance of the young writer into journalism was a

foregone conclusion. He gave up the study of law, upon which he had

entered, and became first reporter, and soon afterwards city editor of

the _Free Press_. His journalistic career was marked by rapid progress.

In 1864 he was city editor of the Hamilton _Times_. A year later he

founded the _Dispatch_, of Strathroy, which he conducted until 1874. In

1868 he married Gertrude Cooke, daughter of T. Cooke, J.P., of

Strathroy. In 1871, he founded the Parkhill _Gazette_, which he

controlled for some time, while still managing the _Dispatch_. In the

same year he unsuccessfully contested North Middlesex as Conservative

candidate for the local legislature. In 1871 he visited Chicago during

the fire, and wrote a description of the terrible event; 60,000 copies

were sold in two weeks. In 1873 he was elected a member of the town

council of Strathroy, in which capacity he exhibited talents, as a

public man, which afterwards showed to better advantage in a wider

sphere. Believing in himself, as all men do who come to the front in

human affairs, he deliberately proceeded to fit himself for the higher

place in public life which he believed himself destined to fill.

Thinking that the protection system which had long been established in

the United States would come up for active discussion in Canada, he went

to Chicago, accepting the position of managing editor of the Chicago

_Journal of Commerce_. While resident in the western metropolis he

studied carefully the protection system, as well as other institutions

of the United States. He also wrote a graphic account of the United

States “panic, of 1883.” Returning to Canada, he declined an editorial

position on the _Mail_; sold out his interest in the Strathroy

_Dispatch_, and went to Ottawa, where he became editor of the Ottawa

_Citizen_, the Conservative journal of the capital. He at once attracted

attention, not only because of the vigorous management and writing of

the _Citizen_, but because of the active interest he displayed in public

questions. At the celebration of the O’Connell centennial he wrote a

poem which won the gold and silver medal over many others submitted. He

was an ardent protectionist long before the Conservative party accepted

that system as a plank in their platform, and must be counted as one of

the leaders in that great movement. In 1877, the late John Riordon, of

St. Catharines, urged Mr. Mackintosh to cooperate with him in

reorganizing the _Mail_, but the offer was again declined. His active

interest in public affairs, combined with an unusual share of those

qualities which make men popular with their fellows, caused him to be

nominated as mayor of Ottawa in 1879, and the result of the election was

his return by a large majority. In the two succeeding years he was

re-elected, and though unseated on a technicality after the third

contest, he was a fourth time favored with the support of the people and

fulfilled his term. As mayor of the capital of Canada he inaugurated

many reforms which have proved of the greatest benefit to the city. In

the general election of 1882 he was one of the Conservative candidates

in Ottawa for the House of Commons, and both he and his colleague were

elected by sweeping majorities. During his term in parliament he made

several speeches which were marked by a combination of keen common

sense, full information and finished oratory. He spoke but seldom; but

when he took the floor he always secured a careful and attentive

hearing. Mr. Mackintosh resigned his seat for Ottawa in July, 1886, but

at the request of his friends agreed to hold it until the dissolution,

which he did. The capital of Canada is no bed of roses for any active or

generous man, and thus the senior member found it, hence his positive

objection to being again a candidate. In the last general election Mr.

Mackintosh, by the unanimous wish of the Conservative party, contested

Russell against Mr. W. C. Edwards, the largest manufacturer and most

popular Liberal in the county, and was defeated by a narrow majority,

owing mainly to the feeling against the government among the

French-Canadians, aroused by the execution of Riel. He polled 2,146

votes, or between 400 and 500 more than were ever given to a

Conservative candidate in that county. The Home Rule and Riel cries

concentrated at least 1,700 votes solidly against any Conservative

nominee, the constituency being largely catholic. The election has been

contested, and at this writing the trial on the merits of the case has

not been held. Mr. Mackintosh, besides the prominent part he has taken

in public affairs, has done much to benefit the Ottawa region by the

formation of public works. Notably he was the chief promoter and

president of the Gatineau Valley Railway Company, and succeeded in

interesting a syndicate of capitalists in the enterprise, so that the

road is now under construction. Quite recently Mr. Mackintosh declined

to be a candidate for the mayoralty of the capital in 1888.

* * * * *

=Paton, Andrew=, Sherbrooke, Managing Director of the Paton

Manufacturing Company, Sherbrooke, dates his birth on the 5th of April,

1833, near Stirling, Scotland, his parents being James Paton and Mary

Harvey, the former dying before his son was born. He received a fair

English education, and at an early age became an apprentice to J. and D.

Paton, woollen manufacturers, of Tillicoultry, Clackmannanshire,

Scotland, for which firm he worked after finishing his apprenticeship.

In 1855, Mr. Paton came to this country, engaged in business, with

another man, in the manufacture of cloth at Galt, Ontario, and six years

later went to Waterloo, in the same province, and continued the same

business under the firm name of Paton and Brickes. Mr. Paton was the

first man in Canada to make double and twist, or Scotch tweeds. In 1866,

he came to Sherbrooke, and took charge of what shortly afterwards became

the Paton Manufacturing Company, he supervising the erection of all the

buildings now owned by that company, one-half being put up that year,

and the rest in 1872. The main building next the office is 212 feet

long, and four stories above the basement; the other large building is

216 feet long, and five stories high. Besides these two buildings, which

are used for carding, spinning, weaving and finishing, are the dye

rooms, 150 feet long; dressing room, 100 feet long, and three stories

high including basement; two warehouses the same height, and over 100

feet long; and a number of other buildings, including boiler-houses,

machine and carpenters’ shops, office, etc., all of solid brick. It is

the largest factory of the kind in the Dominion of Canada, being a

twenty-two set mill. The ground plan of the several buildings, their

construction and internal arrangement, and the whole management of this

mammoth institution are highly creditable to the mechanical talents and

business capacity of Mr. Paton. The company gives employment to about

five hundred and fifty men, women and children, and pays out to those

operatives more than $140,000 annually. Such mills add largely to the

population of a town or city, and greatly benefit the surrounding

country, as well as the place in which they are located, affording a

ready and good market to the farmers in the vicinity for their wool,

wood, etc. The leading fabrics manufactured in this mill are tweeds,

cassimeres, overcoatings, shoe-cloth and military cloth, in all about

1,000,000 yards, representing a money value of $600,000. It is needless

to say that to act as managing-director of such a concern, and to do it

well, requires a clear head as well as an active body, and an almost

ubiquitous presence. Yet Mr. Paton is cool, calculating, far-seeing and

methodical, and never seemingly in a hurry. He thoroughly learned the

business of cloth-making in the first place, understands it to

perfection, and everything in the mill moves like clock-work. Mr. Paton

has done good work in the city council, of which he was a member for

eight years, acting as chairman of the Fire Committee, and has been a

trustee of the Congregational church, in which he has a membership. He

is a man of solid Christian character, and one of those citizens whom

Sherbrooke could ill spare. In 1859, he was joined in marriage with

Isabella Moir, an estimable Scotch lady, and they have six children.

* * * * *

=Colfer, George William=, Lieutenant-Colonel (Retired List), late 61st

Battalion Montmagny and l’Islet Volunteer Infantry, Barrister and

Chief-Clerk Provincial Secretary’s Office, Quebec, was born at Quebec,

31st January, 1837, youngest son of Charles Colfer, of Banna, county

Wexford, Ireland, who came to this country in 1820, and was one of the

principal founders of St. Patrick’s Church, Quebec, in which he was

buried, on 19th December, 1843, and of Eliza Burke Henley, whose family

came from Tipperary, and settled in Newfoundland towards the end of the

last century. Educated at Quebec Seminary and Laval University, and

finished a complete collegiate course at St. Mary’s (Jesuit) College,

Montreal, in July, 1856. In November of the same year he entered the

office of the eminent legal firm of Holt & Irvine, and after fulfilling

his indentures with them, and following the law courses at Laval

University, was admitted to the Quebec bar, on 7th January, 1861. When

confederation was established, he entered the civil service of his

native province, on 17th July, 1867, as chief clerk of the Executive

Council, where he remained until November, 1869, when he was transferred

to his present office. He was private secretary to the first premier of

Quebec, Hon. P. J. O. Chauveau, during the whole of his tenure of

office, and also to several of his successors. He was called upon, on

several occasions, while attending to his own duties, to replace, for

lengthened periods, the assistant provincial secretary, and also acted

as deputy provincial registrar for over a year. He acted also as A.D.C.

and secretary, at various times, to the two first lieutenant-governors

of Quebec. Lieut.-Col. Colfer might, perhaps, have attained a high

position in his profession, but having a taste for things military, and

not being anxious at the time about his _bread and cheese_, he undertook

to go contrary to Cicero’s _Cedant arma togæ_, and paid more attention

to the sword than to the gown. Having joined the Quebec cavalry, now the

Q. O. C. Hussars, in 1857, he left that corps as regimental

sergeant-major in November, 1864, to join the Military School, formed at

Quebec, under Colonel Gordon, C.B., H. M. 17th Regiment. In December

following he obtained first and second-class certificates, was

immediately gazetted captain 2nd Battalion Quebec Regiment Service

Militia, under 27 Vict., cap. 2, sec. 19, and sent to Arthabaska to

superintend draft in that district, on 30th December, 1864-65. Drill

instructor to Parliamentary Drill Association, composed of members

during session of 1864-65, under the late Lieut.-Col. Suzor, A.A.G. The

association was reviewed and complimented by His Excellency Lord Monck

and Sir E. P. Taché, Kt. In 1865 he was appointed, April 25th, adjutant

1st Western Administrative Battalion for frontier service. He proceeded

to Windsor, Ontario, on 26th same month, and served with the battalion

until its recall in July following. In September, 1865, he was present

at cadet camp, Laprairie, under Colonel (now Lord) Wolseley, and

promoted to sergeant, the highest rank given, field and staff officers

being regulars. In June, 1866—Fenian raid—he volunteered as cadet, and

signed muster-roll for service in any capacity. He volunteered also to

take over a company of 8th battalion R.R., as captain, if ordered to the

front. In 1869-70 he attended the school, formed at Quebec, to learn new

drill. In June, 1871, he was appointed paymaster of the 61st battalion

Volunteer Infantry. He served as camp quartermaster of the divisional

camp at Lévis. In September and October, he was present at battalion

camp 61st Cap St. Ignace. In December, 1871, and January, 1872, he was

A.D.C. and secretary to the lieutenant-governor of Quebec. In July he

was with the battalion at divisional camp at Lévis. On June 28th he was

appointed major of the 61st Battalion. He was present at successive

camps, as ordered. From the 1st September to the 1st October, he was

A.D.C. and secretary to the lieutenant-governor. On November 30th, 1877,

he was appointed lieutenant-colonel 61st battalion. He was present at

all successive camps, and served on brigade staff, as musketry

instructor, in 1882. He retired, retaining rank, in July, 1883. He was

married, 26th November, 1866, to Mary Rebecca Blakiston, daughter of

Raymond Blakiston, of the ancient family of Blakiston, of Durham,

England (whose father, at one time, expected to fall heir to a great

part of the Tempest estates, through his great grandmother, Margaret

Tempest, and which are now held by Vane Tempest, Marquis of

Londonderry), and Elizabeth Jane Henn, of the distinguished Henn family,

of Paradise Hill, county Clare, Ireland. Mrs. Colfer has always been

known as a distinguished pianist, and a vocalist of rare power and

sweetness. When a pupil at the Ursuline Convent, Quebec, she was chosen

to sing the “Ode to the Prince of Wales,” to her own harp accompaniment,

when His Royal Highness visited that institution, in 1860. She also

wields a graceful and facile pen; is the author of “Stray Leaves,” and

several short sketches, and often contributes to the local press, French

and English, under her _nom de plume_. The issue of this marriage was

one son and six daughters; five daughters survive, the eldest of whom

graduated this year (1887) at the Jesu Marie Convent, Sillery, and had

the honor of carrying off the Marquis of Lansdowne’s medal, for

excellence. The Colonel was born, and hopes to die, a Roman Catholic. He

is a member of the St. Patrick’s Literary Institute, of which he has

been, at different times, president and vice-president; of the Quebec

Historical Society, and of the Quebec Geographical Society. Being a

member of the civil service, he does not consider it becoming to take

part in political matters, though free to have his own opinions.

* * * * *

=Nault, Joseph=, the present joint Registrar of St. Hyacinthe, province

of Quebec, was born at St. Ours, on the 17th of April, 1841. Early in

life his father, Jean Baptiste Nault, who is a well known farmer of

Quebec, married Edes’n Girouard, and in 1886 they celebrated their

golden wedding at which eighty relatives, consisting of eight children

with their families and some other distant connections were present.

Joseph Nault, the subject of this sketch, received his education at the

St. Hyacinthe Seminary, where he took a full classical course. In 1865

he passed his examination, and was duly admitted as a notary for the

province of Quebec. He was secretary of the city of St. Hyacinthe from

1868 to 1874, and only retired from that office in order to take a

position in the bank of St. Hyacinthe. In 1879, having received the

appointment of joint registrar, he resigned his position in the bank, of

which he is now a director. He has taken a great interest in the

municipal affairs of St. Hyacinthe, where he occupied the position of

alderman from 1874 to 1879, and was one of the promoters of the St.

Hyacinthe waterworks, which were erected in 1875, and of which he is

secretary and also a shareholder. Since 1878 he has been president of

the school commissioners. He belongs to the prevailing religious

denomination in Quebec, the Roman Catholic church, and in politics is a

Liberal. He was married on the 8th of November, 1864, to Flavie

Bourgeois, and has a family of nine children and two grandchildren.

* * * * *

=Ouimet, Hon. Gédéon=, Q.C., D.C.L., Quebec, Superintendent of Public

Instruction for the Province of Quebec, officer of Public Instruction of

France, Commander of the Order of St. Gregory the Great, member of the

“Academie des Arcades de Rome,” president of the Council of Public

Instruction, and of the Roman Catholic Committee, of the province of

Quebec, was born in Ste. Rose, Laval county, on the 3rd June, 1823. His

father, Jean Ouimet, farmer, was descended from an old French family;

and his mother was Marie Bontron _dit_ Major. Mr. Ouimet received a

classical education at the colleges of St. Hyacinthe and Montreal,

having at the last named place been under the charge of the noted

instructor, l’Abbé Duchaine. He studied law with Mr. Sicotte, who was

afterwards promoted to the bench, and was admitted to the bar, at

Montreal, in August, 1844. Mr. Ouimet practised his profession for about

five years, when he removed to Vaudreuil. In October, 1853, he returned

to Montreal, and continued his profession along with L. S. Morin and L.

W. Marchand, and afterwards with P. Morean and J. A. Chapleau. He soon

rose to prominence in his profession, and was highly respected by his

fellow-citizens. He was created a Queen’s counsel in 1867, and for a

period served as _bâtonnier_ for Quebec province. In 1869 he filled the

position of president of the St. Jean Baptiste Society of Montreal. He

has also held the president’s chair of the _Institut Canadien-Français_;

and is a member of the Literary and Historical Society; and the

Geographical Society of Quebec. He was appointed commissioner to the

Indian and Colonial Exhibition, in 1886. Entering political life, he

represented the county of Beauharnois from 1857 to 1861 in the

Legislative Assembly of Canada. From Confederation in 1867 to 1876 he

represented the county of Two Mountains in the Quebec legislature, and

was attorney-general of the province until February, 1873, when he

became premier, minister of public instruction (succeeding the Hon. P.

J. O. Chauveau), and provincial secretary. At that time it was necessary

that the minister of public instruction should be a member of the

parliament; but after a while it became evident to observant statesmen

that the two positions were too burdensome for one man to hold, if not

inimical to the best interests of education. Consequently, in 1875, the

Assembly passed an act abolishing the dual office, and the

administration of the educational affairs of the province was put in the

same position it was before confederation, namely, in charge of a

superintendent. The judgment of the proper authorities, as well as

public sentiment, pointed to the Hon. Mr. Ouimet as the person best

fitted to this highly responsible position, and he was, on the 1st

February, 1876, appointed superintendent of public instruction for the

province, when he retired from public life. Since that time educational

matters have been greatly improved; and in all cases in which Protestant

and Roman Catholic educational interests infringed upon each other, or

came into collision, he has succeeded in smoothing down the conflicting

elements by his strictly impartial decisions. And judging from his many

published addresses, and the frequency of his visits to Protestant

schools on public occasions, it cannot be questioned that he is at heart

a real friend of education, irrespective of creed or nationality. His

well-known urbanity, legal eminence, experience in public business, and

impartial zeal in the cause of public education not only qualify him, in

a mixed community like that of Quebec, for the important public post

which he occupies, but justify the bright future for education in his

province. Hon. Mr. Ouimet is a D.C.L. of the University of Bishop’s

College, Lennoxville, and of Laval University. He is the author of the

“Law on District Magistrates”; and while in the legislature he secured

important amendments to the law relating to the qualification of jurors

in criminal cases, and also in the code of procedure. Herein it will be

seen that he has, in more ways than one, and is still leaving the

impress of his well-disciplined and powerful mind in the archives of his

native province. In 1878 he was named by the French government “Officier

d’Instruction publique,” as a mark of distinction and approbation of the

scholastic exhibition of Quebec province during the International

Exhibition held in Paris that year. In August, 1850 he was married to

Jane Pellant, daughter of the late Alexis Pellant, and they have had a

family of six children, five of whom are married.

* * * * *

=Gauvreau, Rev. Antoine=, Parish Priest, Lévis, was born at Rimouski, on

the 22nd September, 1841. His father was Pierre Gauvreau, a notary

public, and his mother Elizabeth Dubergès. Rev. Mr. Gauvreau was sent to

the college of Ste. Anne de Lapocatière, in the county of Kamouraska,

where he followed a complete course of classical studies. At the

completion of his course he determined to enter the holy orders, and

with that purpose in view was admitted to Laval University to study

theology. On the 2nd of October, 1864, he was ordained priest, and

appointed missionary vicar to the parish of Rivière-au-Renard, Gaspé.

This charge he retained until 1866, when he was called to the city of

Quebec, to assume the duties of almoner at the archbishop’s palace,

being at the same time chaplain to the Sisters of Charity, the Christian

Brothers, and St. Vincent de Paul Society. In 1870 he was removed by his

ordinary to the curacy of St. Nicholas, Lévis county, where he remained

until 1875. He was then transferred to Ste. Anne de Beaupré, the place

of pilgrimage of the Roman Catholics of the whole American continent.

Every summer thousands of devout pilgrims wend their way to the shrine

of the saint. It is said that the number of people who visited Ste. Anne

this season (1887) exceeded one hundred thousand. Two golden crowns of

great value were lately presented to the present curate of Ste. Anne by

the citizens of Quebec, and his eminence Cardinal Taschereau presided at

the ceremonies incidental to the blessing of the princely gift. The

attendance was so large that an altar was improvised and high mass was

said in the open air, an eloquent proof that faith is still deep-rooted

in the hearts of the faithful of the province of Quebec, reports to the

contrary notwithstanding. Rev. Mr. Gauvreau exercised his ministry in

Ste. Anne until 1878, when he took charge of the important parish of St.

Romuald d’Etchemins, county of Lévis, and retained it until 1882. At

that date he removed to Lévis, and has had charge of that parish ever

since. Rev. Mr. Gauvreau is remembered in all the parishes over which he

presided as a kind and considerate pastor.

* * * * *

=Peck, Charles Allison=, Hopewell Hill, New Brunswick, Barrister-at-law,

was born at Hopewell, in the county of Albert, N.B., on the 12th August,

1840. He was educated at Fredericton. Mr. Peck is the youngest son of

Elisha and Sarah Peck. His father was an extensive landowner in the

county, and captain in the militia, and was one of the first appointed

to the magistracy. Charles Allison Peck studied law in the office of the

late Sir Albert J. Smith, and was called to the bar in Easter Term,

1861, receiving a first-class certificate. Shortly after he formed a law

co-partnership with the Hon. Bliss Botsford, at present Judge Botsford,

and practised his profession at Hopewell, residing upon the old

homestead. He first appeared in public life in 1865, when he

unsuccessfully contested Albert on the Quebec scheme of confederation,

to which he was opposed, against the Hon. John Lewis and A. R. McLellan,

but was defeated by a small majority. After the union in 1867 he was

elected to the New Brunswick Legislature for Albert, where he sat for

three sessions, and was generally found supporting progressive

legislation; but devoted much of his time to the Albert Railway

question, the necessary legislation for which railway he secured against

much opposition, the construction of this railway being largely due to

his efforts while in the legislature, and subsequently. He was the

solicitor of the company until its completion. He organized, and was the

first president of, the Albert Southern Railway. In politics he is a

Liberal-Conservative. He has more than once declined candidature for

political honors, preferring to devote himself to his profession. Mr.

Peck was appointed captain of the militia; trustee of Albert county

Grammar School; and is a referee in equity. He is not a member of any

religions denomination, but a liberal supporter of all. Mr. Peck was

married, in 1864, to Amelia, youngest daughter of the late Solomon

Nichols, of the city of St. John, who was president of the Bank of New

Brunswick at the time of his death. Mrs. Peck is an Episcopalian; and

her ancestors were loyalists, who, on coming to the Maritime provinces,

left behind them at Flushing, New York state, large and valuable

properties. They have two sons, Henry Brougham and Charles Allison, and

one daughter, Celia Isabel Frances. The elder son, Henry, who is a

student at law, recently entered the civil service.

* * * * *

=Sénécal, Hon. Louis Adelard=, Senator, was born at Varennes, county of

Verchères, on the 10th of July, 1829. The man who, in after years,

became so universally known throughout the length and breadth of the

continent, received but a rudimentary education afforded by the humble

school of his native village, and attended a common school in

Burlington, Vermont, for a few months. After a residence of two years in

the United States, he settled in Verchères, province of Quebec, where he

established a general store. Such was his _début_ in trade; and from the

outset he showed the indomitable energy, the undaunted courage, and the

business tact which caused the admiration even of his opponents. In 1853

he purchased the steamboat _Frederic George_, which was at Ogdensburg,

took command of her, came down the river in the midst of floating ice,

and arrived at Montreal on the 9th of April. Since that time he was

known as “Captain Sénécal.” The _Frederic George_ did service between

Montreal and Sorel. In 1854 he repaired his steamboat, renewed her

machinery and boilers, and named her the _Verchères_. In 1857 he built

the steamboat _Yamaska_ in the short space of two months and a-half, to

inaugurate navigation on the river Yamaska, and established a line from

St. Aimé to Montreal. The next year he built the _Cygne_, and

established a regular service on the river St. Francis, between St.

Francis and Sorel. Thus he was the first to open navigation on these

rivers, and later on, by his energy and with government aid, he improved

the service to a considerable extent. In 1859 he launched the steamboat

_Ottawa_ to run in opposition to the Richelieu Company’s boats between

Montreal and Quebec. Since 1882 he was the president of the Richelieu

and Ontario Navigation Company, and it is due to his admirable

management that the company was enabled to refit its steamers and place

its finances on a sound and paying basis. When he took charge of the

company’s affairs its finances were almost disorganized; he left it in

full prosperity and almost doubled its field of operation and its

monetary value. Meanwhile Mr. Sénécal was doing a large trade in lumber

and grain in the United States. He had become the owner of eleven

steamers and eighty-nine barges plying between Montreal, Sorel and

Whitehall. One can easily form an idea of his marvellous activity from

the fact that during the year he was forced to suspend his operations,

he did three million dollars worth of business, without leaving the

village of Pierreville, which was the centre of his operations. The

losses suffered by several Montreal firms on account of the suspension

were the subject of much comment at the time; it is only fair to say

that all of these firms had derived benefits from their connection with

him, certain houses having endorsed his notes at the rate of two per

cent., others again having loaned him money at rates varying from 10 to

40 per cent. It was during the American civil war; he obtained money at

par at three months and was obliged to reimburse in bankable (?) value,

and pay a high rate of interest besides. Mr. Sénécal has built and was

the owner of several saw and grist mills at St. David, St. Guillaume,

Wickham, Wickham West, Yamaska, Kingsey, Pierreville and Acton. The

Pierreville mill was destroyed by fire on the 20th June, 1868. He

rebuilt in forty-seven days, and on the 5th August 146 saws were in

operation. The fire had been extinguished at one o’clock on Saturday

afternoon, and at twelve o’clock on the following Monday the foundations

of the new building were under way. The same mill was destroyed a second

time on the 14th January, 1870. He had not a single piece of timber on

hand and was obliged to draw from the forest the pine and oak necessary

for the building of the manufactory. Moreover, he was forced to buy new

machinery in the United States. In spite of these difficulties, and

although it was mid-winter, thirty days later, on the 15th February

following, the smoke from the new building was rising out of its

chimney, and the buzz of the saws proved that the Pierreville mill was

giving life to a busy population. In 1866 he purchased almost the whole

of Upton township, and it was at this period that he gave full scope to

the development of colonization, and that he found the solution of this

important problem. He cleared a piece of land at his own expense, sold

it to a farmer, and employed him to clear an adjoining lot to be sold

again in the same manner. In 1871 he turned his attention to railroading

and solved another problem, that of building excellent railroads with

very limited resources. He first built forty-three miles of road laid

with wooden rails between Sorel and Wickham, _via_ Yamaska and

Drummondville, during the year 1871, and finished it before the time

agreed on by the contract; he thus had the benefit of the line during

all the year 1872. The boldness he displayed on that occasion is a

matter of astonishment, for all the resources he could dispose of to

complete the undertaking, including rolling material, right of way,

embankments, ballast, the Yamaska bridge, station buildings, wooden

rails, etc., etc., were only $5,000 in bonds per mile, on which he was

able to realize but $4,250 per mile. This road was sold to the South

Eastern, and he undertook, on his own account, to replace the wooden

rails by iron ones, and to build thirteen extra miles in order to reach

Acton. The contract was signed in September of 1875, and on the 15th of

February, 1876 the railroad was entirely completed. When he obtained the

contract he had not a single tie at his disposal, and received only

$2,300 per mile; yet he built fifty-four miles of a first-class railway,

in about seventeen months, at a total cost of $6,550 per mile. It must

be said, however, that the South Eastern Company furnished the iron

rails, which amounted to a value of about $2,000 per mile. In 1877, the

contractor of the Laurentian Railway having failed, Mr. Sénécal was

called upon to complete the road, hardly half built, with the scanty

resources left. He could dispose of a subsidy of $4,000 per mile, and

bonds on the road which could not be negotiated. Col. King, of

Sherbrooke, consented to advance $50,000, and Mr. Sénécal built the six

or seven miles not constructed, as well as the bridges, and the

ballasting in three months. He then proceeded to Lévis and undertook the

Lévis and Kennebec line, the contractors of which were also bankrupt.

There was very little left of the subsidies available, and with these,

and the revenue from the running of the road, he built several miles of

the new line, ballasted the whole, and made it a first-class road. In

the execution of this enterprise he showed his wonderful power of

perseverance and energy in the face of difficulties. The English

shareholders, who owned all the bonds and stock of the road, had thought

they would be able to control the operations of the line, and a number

of business and professional men were certain they would not meet with

any obstacle. Mr. Sénécal saw the situation at a glance, attacked the

enemy in the front, and defended himself for two years in civil and

criminal suits. He resisted the police and orders of the court, kept

possession of the road as long as he wanted, and in the end he proved

that he was in the right, for he obtained judgments in his favor in

forty or fifty cases brought against him by the Hon. Mr. Irvine.

However, as there was no money to be made out of the line, he abandoned

it, according to the terms of his contract, after making it a

first-class-road. One of the most striking traits of his character was

that he never allowed himself to be legally or financially cornered, and

had always gained his object, even when he had no resources available,

and had to struggle against combined wealth, talents and influence. He

has built the following railroad lines:—From Sorel to Acton, from

Lanoraie to St. Felix de Valois, the Berthier branch, the St. Eustache

branch, the ice railway; and he completed the St. Lin road and the Lévis

and Kennebec line. When he was appointed general superintendent of the

Q., M. O. & O. Railway it was far from finished, and the experience he

had acquired in railroad construction was of great benefit to the

government in the completion of the provincial road. The services

rendered by Hon. Mr. Sénécal in that transaction have been

misrepresented by his political adversaries; however, he effected

important savings for the provincial government. As these matters still

belong to the domain of political history, we will merely place this

observation on record. In 1881 he formed a syndicate for the purchase of

part of the road. The history and developments of this transaction are

too well known to require comment. Later on he sold the road to the

Grand Trunk Company, and when the Canadian Pacific Railway Company

obtained possession of the line, they were obliged to discharge the

bonds issued by the Grand Trunk to pay the first possessors. Although

Mr. Sénécal was the bearer of a considerable amount of these bonds, they

were not available, and he received only about $100,000 out of the

transaction. Mr. Sénécal was one of the founders of the Cumberland

Mining and Railway Company, which is to-day the most powerful company in

the maritime provinces. In 1883-84 he was president of the Montreal City

Passenger Railway, and, had he so desired, he would probably have filled

the position until now, but he resigned on being re-elected. He has

generally encouraged all great enterprises. He took a large amount of

shares in the Coaticook Cotton Company, and also in the Richelieu pulp

factory. A few years ago he spent a large amount of money to introduce

the electric light system, and he obtained, by a statutory charter, the

power to dam the Caughnawaga rapids. The purchase of timber limits, and

of the Hull mills, for which he paid more than a million dollars, proved

a disastrous venture. His plan was perfect; but no individual was in a

position to advance such an enormous amount, and he had to give up the

undertaking after losing nearly $400,000. This loss we look upon as a

national calamity, because his main object in purchasing such an immense

tract of territory was to put a great industry into the hands of his

countrymen. It is well known that when Mr. Sénécal had money, it was

used to the benefit of everybody, for in his opinion the hoarding of

wealth was contemptible. Through the vicissitudes of his eventful

career, there were moments when his financial resources were _nil_, as

in 1878-79, when his subsidies and his railroad bonds were practically

not worth a cent. Nevertheless he undertook the task, at that period, to

bring about the dismissal of Lieutenant-Governor Letellier de

Saint-Just, on account of his famous _coup-d’état_ of the 2nd of March,

1878. He sold his life insurance policy, some real estate, and, in fact,

everything which he could convert into cash, for a few thousand dollars,

proceeded to Ottawa, where he took up house and passed the session of

1879, in order to keep the Lower Canadian members united, and finally

succeeded in carrying a point considered as irretrievably lost after the

refusal of the Marquis of Lorne to sign the dismissal of the Hon.

Letellier de Saint-Just. In the same year he employed the same tactics

in Quebec and brought about the fall of the Joly ministry. In politics

Mr. Sénécal has played a prominent part. He was the mainspring of the

Conservative party in the Quebec provincial election in 1881, and again

in the Dominion election of 1882, and it is mainly due to his efforts

that the party gained such brilliant victories at that time. He was an

admirable organizer, and possessed the talent to infuse his own courage

into others. His iron will, his energy, and the quickness of his

movements carried the day every time. When he had once made up his mind

to do a certain thing, it was done. Hon. J. A. Chapleau, who has the

reputation of knowing how to gauge a man at his proper worth, and

deservedly so, knew the ability of this man of large heart and energy,

and honored him with his entire confidence. The secretary of state, who

also remembers services and rewards merit when the occasion presents

itself, never missed an opportunity to render homage to his valor and to

the eminent services he had rendered. He did not hesitate to give him a

substantial proof of his gratitude as soon as he found himself in a

position to do so, by calling him to the senate, the highest distinction

in the gift of the government. In 1882 the French government sent to Mr.

Sénécal the cross of a commander of the Legion of Honor. Before giving

his allegiance to the Conservative party Mr. Sénécal had been a Liberal,

and he was elected as such to the Legislative Assembly for the county of

Yamaska, which he represented from 1867 to 1871; at the same time he had

been elected for Drummond and Arthabaska to the House of Commons, in

which he sat from 1867 to 1872. He is the only man in the country who

has been elected in two separate constituencies for two separate

chambers in two separate elections. In 1874 he had formed the project,

with Hon. Mr. Cauchon, to unite the two political parties, and had

almost succeeded, when Mr. Joly, then leader of the opposition,

destroyed the _entente_ in a speech delivered at a banquet in Montreal.

He then abandoned the Liberals, and the chiefs of the party have often

expressed their bitter regrets at losing such a man. On the other hand

the Conservatives expressed the same regret, when he was forced to

abandon the Conservative government at Ottawa on the Riel question. In

1850 Senator Sénécal married Delphire Dansereau, daughter of

Lieutenant-Colonel Dansereau, merchant, of Verchères. Several children

were the fruit of this marriage, two of whom only survive: Madame Judge

Gill, and Madame W. E. Blumshart. Senator Sénécal was a brother-in-law

to Dr. Hercule Dansereau, of Thibodeau, La., Hon. Felix Geoffrion,

Captain St. Louis, the late Cyril Archambault, barrister, and uncle to

F. X. Archambault, Q.C.

* * * * *

=Sweeny, Right Rev. John=, D.D., Roman Catholic Bishop of St. John, New

Brunswick, was born in Fermanagh, Ireland, in May, 1812. His parents,

who belonged to the farming class, were James Sweeny and Mary Macguire.

The family emigrated to Canada, and settled in St. John in 1828, taking

up land for farming. Bishop Sweeny received his literary education in

schools in New Brunswick, and studied theology in the Grand Seminary in

Quebec city. In 1844 he was ordained priest by Archbishop Turgeon. He

was then appointed to missionary work, and returned to St. John and

entered upon his labors. Subsequently he was engaged in similar mission

work at Chatham and Shediac, until 1851, when, on the death of the Right

Rev. Dr. Dollard, he became administrator. A little later he was

appointed vicar-general under the Right Rev. Thomas Connolly, bishop of

St. John; and in 1860, on the elevation of Bishop Connolly to the

archbishopric of Halifax, he was made bishop. During the many years

Bishop Sweeny has occupied his high and responsible position he has done

good work for his people, irrespective of his spiritual administration.

He has built the St. Vincent Convent and Orphan Asylum; the Convent of

the Sacred Heart; the Episcopal residence; the side chapels and spire of

the cathedral, and a considerable portion of the cathedral itself; a

large brick structure for school purposes; St. Malachi and St. Joseph

halls, and an Industrial School near St. John city. His lordship has a

large diocese which includes the southern half of New Brunswick,

embracing the counties of Westmoreland, Albert, Kings, St. John,

Charlotte, Queens, Sunbury, York, Carlton, and the larger part of Kent.

On this immense diocese he keeps a vigilant eye, and is ever careful of

his people’s spiritual wants. As a preacher his discourses are eminently

practical; and whenever he expounds any of the doctrines of his church,

he never fails to clearly point out how they should affect the lives of

the thousands who listen to his voice. His style is plain, simple, and

unaffected, so that a listener is at once impressed with the idea that

his aim is rather to instruct than to make a display. In the

administration of his diocesan affairs he keeps quietly at work, and

every year shows an improvement in all its branches. He seldom

undertakes anything that he does not finish; and seems to know not the

import of the word “fail.”

* * * * *

=Pidgeon, J. R.=, Justice of the Peace, Indiantown, New Brunswick. Mr.

Pidgeon was born where he still resides, in April, 1830, and is

consequently in his fifty-eighth year. His father and mother, who are

still living at the age of 83, were among the earliest settlers, and

tell many amusing anecdotes of life in New Brunswick in the early part

of the century. Our subject received his education in the Common and

Normal schools of his province, and at the age of eighteen began the

study and practical education of lumber surveyor. At the age of

twenty-five he obtained what was termed a “warrant” qualifying him to

practice his profession as surveyor which he did until his 42nd year.

That year he received the appointment of railway mail clerk on the

Intercolonial Railway which appointment he still holds being one of the

oldest employés of the postal department on that road. It is however in

connection with the temperance reform that he is best known, having

espoused the principles of total abstinence as long ago as 1848. He has

held the highest offices in the gift of the various temperance societies

of his native province, and there are few platforms in the maritime

provinces that have not at one time or other resounded with his eloquent

voice. In religious belief Mr. Pidgeon is a Baptist, having united with

that body in 1864. He is also a member of the Masonic craft of long

standing, and has often occupied positions of eminence therein. For some

years he has been in the commission of the peace for New Brunswick, a

distinction well merited in his case, to say the least. As a speaker,

Mr. Pidgeon is forcible, logical, and eloquent, abounding in anecdote

and bubbling over with fun. Politically he is a Prohibitionist through

and through, and his whole life seems to be to educate the people up to

his standard. To the Independent Order of Good Templars in New Brunswick

he has been and still is a tower of strength, and wherever he is known

enjoys the respect of all and the hatred of none.

* * * * *

=Worthington, Edward D.=, A.M., M.D., F.R.C.S. (Edin.), Sherbrooke, P.Q.

The subject of our sketch is one of the oldest physicians and surgeons

in the District of St. Francis, having been in practice nearly fifty

years, and gained for himself the reputation of being the leading

surgeon in that part of Canada. He was born in Queen’s county, Ireland,

on the 1st December, 1820. His parents, John Worthington and Mary Dagge,

left Queen’s county on the 11th April, 1822, and after a short stay in

Dublin, sailed from that port for America on the 2nd May, and reached

Quebec on the 23rd June. Here they remained until 1828, when Mr.

Worthington was induced to remove to Upper Canada. Taking his family

with him, he started from Quebec on the 28th April of that year, and

reached Queenston on the 12th May. This journey proved a most disastrous

one, for the whole family suffered from fever and ague, and other

misfortunes, and within a few days of one year they returned to Quebec.

Here Mr. Worthington remained until his death, he and his wife having

resided over fifty years in the city where they first landed after

having left their native country. Their bodies now repose in Mount

Hermon cemetery, on the banks of the St. Lawrence, surrounded by the

graves of seven of their children. The subject of this sketch and his

brother John, a druggist in Brooklyn, New York, being all who are left

of a large family. In 1834 Dr. Worthington was indentured for seven

years to the late Dr. James Douglas, of Quebec, who at that time

occupied the foremost rank in his profession in Canada, he and the late

Dr. Valentine Mott, of New York, being considered the most accomplished

surgeons in America. After serving over five years, Dr. Douglas relieved

him from the balance of his indenture, to enable him to accept an

appointment as staff-assistant-surgeon in the British army. An

assistant-surgeoncy in the army, however, in those piping times of

peace, with its “7s. 6d. sterling per diem, and rations,” presented few

attractions, so, after serving two years, he left the army, and went to

Edinburgh, where he spent two years in attending lectures and “walking”

the hospitals. While in Edinburgh he was awarded the medal of the Royal

College of Surgeons, and also won the friendship of many of her eminent

men, with some of whom he still keeps up a friendly correspondence.

Among the students at that time from this side of the Atlantic, were the

present Sir Charles Tupper, M.D., C.B.; the Hon. Dr. D. McNeil Parker,

of Halifax; and the late Dr. R. H. Russell, of Quebec. On his return to

Canada he received, on the 1st August, 1843, the license of the Montreal

Medical Board, and immediately settled in Sherbrooke, Eastern townships,

where he soon built up an extensive practice, and where he has since

continued to reside. He has the fullest confidence of the community in

his skill as a physician, and for over thirty years has had nearly all

the surgical practice in his district of country. He has the full

confidence of his _confrères_, who frequently send for him from long

distances for consultations. Dr. Worthington, it will not be out of

place to say here, was the first surgeon in Canada who performed a

capital operation under ether as an anæsthetic, and was also among the

first to use chloroform. On the 10th March, 1847, he amputated below the

knee, under ether; and in January, 1848, three cases under chloroform,

one being excision of bone. In 1854 the University of Bishop’s College,

Lennoxville, conferred upon him the degree of M.A., _honoris causa_; and

in 1868, McGill College, Montreal, that of M.D.C.M., _ad eundem_. He is

also a fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh;

corresponding member of the Medico-Chirurgical Society of Montreal, and

of the Gynæcological Society of Boston, Massachusetts; member of the

Canada Medical Association, having been, in 1877, vice-president for the

province of Quebec; and for many years one of the governors of the

College of Physicians and Surgeons of Quebec, for the District of St.

Francis. The doctor has received several substantial marks of public

favor, among others, a solid silver tea-service, for his gratuitous

attendance on the poor; and a gold watch and chain for his energetic and

successful efforts to prevent the spread of that most loathsome of all

diseases in Sherbrooke, the small pox. In the years 1837-8, Dr.

Worthington served as a private in Captain Le Mesurier’s company of the

Quebec regiment of Volunteer Light Infantry, the adjutant being the late

Lieut.-Colonel Thomas Wily. The doctor is a warm supporter of the

volunteer movement in Canada, and has served in the 53rd Battalion since

its formation. He was on active service in both Fenian raids, and

retired in 1887, retaining his rank as surgeon-major. He has written a

good deal for medical periodicals, and especially for the _Canada

Medical Journal_, published in Montreal, and some of his papers have

been copied into the medical journals of Great Britain and the United

States. Among the many papers he has contributed to the Canadian press

are: “A new method of bed-making in fractures” (1871); “Glue bandage in

fractures” (1872); “Case of gun-shot wound in abdomen, with perforation

of stomach” (1876); and “Acute fibrinous bronchitis, with expectoration

of tube casts” (1876). Dr. Worthington is a member of the Church of

England, and has been a delegate to the Provincial Synod. In politics he

is a Conservative. On the 16th October, 1845, he married Fanny Louisa

Smith, eldest daughter of the late Hon. Hollis Smith, the first member

elected to the Legislative Council for the Division of Wellington. Mrs.

Worthington died on the 17th April, 1887, aged fifty-nine years. Of her

eight children, five are now living, two daughters and three sons. The

younger daughter is married to Major Antrobus, superintendent of the

North-West Mounted Police. Of the sons, Edward Bruen, aged twenty-seven,

is senior captain in the 53rd battalion; an LL.B. of Bishop’s College

University, and in successful practice in Sherbrooke, as a notary

public. Arthur Norreys, aged twenty-five, graduated in medicine at

McGill College University in 1886, and after spending some time in

Europe, settled in Sherbrooke. He was recently gazetted surgeon to the

53rd battalion, on his father’s retirement from the volunteer service.

In September, 1887, he married, at Toronto, Emma May, daughter of H. H.

Cook, M.P. for Simcoe East. The youngest son, Hugh Standish, is now at

Bishop’s College Grammar School, Lennoxville. Arthur Norreys served

through the North-West rebellion in the Field Hospital Corps, and so

greatly distinguished himself for his humanity and bravery as to receive

the following notice in the official report of Dr. Bergin,

surgeon-general:

Many of these young men did noble work, regardless of danger.

Where the bullets fell thickest, with a heroism that has never

been exceeded, they were to be found, removing the wounded and

the dying to places of shelter and of safety in the rear. Some

cases of individual heroism are reported to me, which I feel

call for more than a passing remark; and embolden me to say that

amongst these non-combatant lads, and the staff to which they

belonged, are to be found some of the greatest heroes of the

war. At Batoche I am told that during the fight a flag was

thrust from the window of the church, and was observed by a

surgeon and a student who were under shelter from the fire at a

couple of hundred yards distance. The student, immediately he

perceived it, proposed that a party should at once go to the

relief of the one demanding succor. No one appeared willing to

second his proposal. To go to the church through the open under

such a terrible fire as was being poured from the Half-breed

pits, seemed to be like proceeding to certain death; but

persisting, the surgeon said: “if you are determined to go, and

we can find two volunteers to assist us in carrying a stretcher,

I am with you.” Two men from the Grenadiers of Toronto at once

stepped forward; and the four started upon their perilous

journey—crawling upon their bellies—taking advantage of any

little inequality of ground to cover them, and to shield them

from the bullets of the Half-breeds. They reached the

church—the bullets tearing up the earth all around

them—without a scratch, and, breathing a short prayer for their

deliverance thus far from death and danger, they looked around

for him whom they had risked, and were still risking, their

lives, to succor and to save. They found him in the person of a

venerable priest, who had been wounded in the thigh, and they at

once proceeded to remove him, after administering temporary aid.

To remain in the church was to court certain death. To return to

their corps seemed to be no less perilous; but they chose the

latter. When they sortied from the church, so astonished were

the Half-breeds at their daring that they ceased their fire for

a moment. This time, returning, they had no cover, and were

obliged to march erect. Bullets flew thick and fast; but the

condition of the wounded man precluded anything like hurry, and

they hastened slowly. God watched over them and protected them,

and they reached their comrades in safety, their wounded charge

also escaping without further harm. Such conduct deserves

recognition, and I beg respectfully to call attention to it in

this official way. I have not yet been able to obtain the names

of the two noble fellows belonging to the Grenadiers, but I hope

this notice of it will bring the information I desire. The other

two are Surgeon Gravely, of No. 1 Field Hospital, and Mr.

Norreys Worthington, from the same hospital. The manner in which

Captain Mason was rescued and brought in by, I believe, Dr.

Codd, of the 90th, and one of the young dressers (Mr. Norreys

Worthington), was an exhibition of marked courage by members of

the medical staff. Other instances well deserving of

commendation have been reported to me, and I would respectfully

suggest inquiry into all such cases, and if they be found as

reported to me, that honorable recognition of them be made.

Mr. Worthington claimed descent through Bruen Worthington, of Ashton

Hayes, in the county of Chester, and of Philpotstown, in the county of

Meath, clerk in the Irish House of Commons, in 1734; from Hugh

Worthington, of Worthington, in the county of Lancaster, and of the

Manor of Adlington, in Standish parish. He held the lordship of

Worthington in the 13th year of Edward IV., A.D. 1474.

* * * * *

=Vaughan, William=, St. Martins, N.B., was born in 1843, in Liverpool,

England, and is consequently in his forty-fifth year. He is the son of

the late Captain William Vaughan, of St. Martins, and it is by a mere

accident that he claims Liverpool as his birthplace. He received his

earlier education in a private school, and afterwards attended the Model

school of St. John, N.B., and the Horton Academy at Wolfville, N.S. At

the age of seventeen Mr. Vaughan was placed in the office of Farnworth &

Jardine, a large shipping firm, of Liverpool, staying there for two

years, getting his initial knowledge of business life therein. Returning

home, he, in 1866, commenced business on his own account in St. Stephen,

N.B. This he continued successfully until 1873, when, in partnership

with another gentleman, he established the West India produce house of

Vaughan, Clerke & Co. of St. Stephen. On the incorporation of the town,

Mr. Vaughan was elected a member of the first town council, and was

re-elected as such for the two succeeding years. In 1876 he commenced

operations in St. Martins as shipbuilder, building vessels of the larger

class. In 1878 the subject of our sketch sold out his interest in the

St. Stephen firm, and again made his residence in his boyhood’s

home—St. Martins. In 1882, in consequence of the failure of a Liverpool

house which were large clients of his, and also in consequence of the

depreciation which took place in wooden ships, Mr. Vaughan was compelled

to relinquish business. Soon afterwards he was appointed manager of the

Government Savings Bank at St. Martins, which position he still holds.

In religious belief Mr. Vaughan is a prominent member of the Baptist

church, being admitted to fellowship therein in 1857. He has held many

positions of honour in this connection, all of which he has filled with

credit to himself and with satisfaction to the denomination. Mr. Vaughan

is also prominent in Masonic circles, being a past master of Sussex

Lodge, St. Stephen; past principal of St. Stephen R. A. Chapter; and

past eminent commander of St. Stephen Encampment K.T. In 1867 the

subject of our sketch married a daughter of John Marks, of St. Stephen,

and has a family of three boys and two girls. Mr. Vaughan has been a

life-long total abstainer, not even knowing the taste of alcoholic

liquors. At the present writing (1887) he is the grand chief templar of

the Independent Order of Good Templars in New Brunswick, and has held

the position for two years. Politically, Mr. Vaughan is a Conservative,

although, as between the question of prohibition and party, if

necessary, the latter would have to bow to the former. A man of good

physique and energetic character, Mr. Vaughan is one of the many of her

sons of whom his province, and, in fact, his country, may be proud.

* * * * *

=Fraser, Hon. Duncan C.=, B.A., Barrister, New Glasgow, Nova Scotia, was

born at New Glasgow, Nova Scotia, on the 1st of October, 1845. His

parents were Alexander Fraser and Annie Chisholm. He received his

primary education at the Normal School, and graduated B.A. at Dalhousie

College in 1872. He also took a course of instruction in the Military

School. He chose law as a profession, and has succeeded in building up a

large and lucrative business. Mr. Fraser has taken an active interest in

municipal affairs, and for some time was town clerk, and a school

trustee. He was then elevated to the mayoralty of his native town, and

occupied the office for two terms. In provincial politics, he has also

participated, and during the administration of the Hon. P. C. Hill,

which held the reigns of power from 1875 to 1878, he was a member of the

Legislative Council, and held a position in the government without a

portfolio, but he resigned his seat in the council and returned to

private life. In politics he is a Liberal, and a pronounced free trader.

He has been long connected with the temperance reform, and takes a deep

interest in all societies having for their object the extermination of

the traffic in intoxicating drinks. At present he is the chief of the

Independent Order of Good Templars in Nova Scotia. He is connected with

Masonic and Oddfellows orders; and has been a deputy-grand master of the

Masonic body. Mr. Fraser is familiar with the Maritime provinces, and

has twice taken a trip to the Pacific coast. He is an adherent of the

Presbyterian church, and occupies the position of elder. On the 24th of

October, 1878, he was married to Bessie G. Graham, daughter of William

and Annie Graham, of New Glasgow.

* * * * *

=Matheson, Colonel Roderick.=—The Honorable Roderick Matheson, Senator,

was born in the parish of Loch Carron, Ross-shire, Scotland, in

December, 1793. He was descended from the last recognized Chief of Clan

Mathan, Dugald Matheson, of Balmacara, Loch Alsh, Ross-shire, who joined

Earl Seaforth in the Jacobite rebellion, and was killed in the action of

Glen Shiel, Glenelg, on 10th June, 1719. Dugald Matheson left four sons.

The three younger brothers went out to India, and did not return; the

eldest, Roderick, remained at home and married Christina, daughter of

Kenneth Mackenzie, with issue John, Dugald, and a daughter. John married

Flora, daughter of Donald Macrae, of Strath Conan, who also fought in

the Jacobite cause at Culloden, and was obliged to leave Scotland for

some years after the rebellion. John Matheson had issue two sons, one of

them the subject of our sketch, and three daughters. Col. Matheson’s

father died while he was a boy, and while attending school at Inverness;

he was brought out to Canada at the age of twelve, by his elder brother,

and completed his education at a school in Lower Canada. When the war of

1812 broke out, a regiment was raised by the Imperial Government, called

the Glengarry Light Infantry Fencibles, and on the 6th Feb., 1812,

Roderick Matheson was gazetted senior ensign, and in 1813, he was

appointed lieutenant and paymaster. During the war he saw a great deal

of active service, being present at the actions of York, Sackett’s

Harbor, Cross Roads, Fort George, Lundy’s Lane, and Fort Erie, and in

nearly all the engagements on the Niagara frontier. He was twice

wounded, once very severely at Sackett’s Harbor, where he was in command

of his company. After the war, he was allowed a year’s leave on full pay

on account of his wound, and in December, 1816, on the reduction of the

army, he was retired on half-pay. In 1817, with a large number of his

comrades in arms, he settled at the town of Perth, Ont., then founded,

and continued to reside there up to the time of his death, on 13th

January, 1873. During the rebellion of 1837, he volunteered with five

hundred men for service in Lower Canada, and, as Colonel commanding the

First Military District of Upper Canada, he took an active interest in

the organization of many of the present volunteer companies in the

Ottawa Valley from 1855 to 1863. In 1847, Col. Matheson was appointed a

life member of the Legislative Council of Canada, and, on the

confederation of the provinces in 1867, he was appointed a Senator of

the Dominion. Previous to the appointment of county judges, he was also

Chairman of the Quarter Sessions. He married first, Mary, daughter of

Captain Robertson, of Inverness, Scotland, who died in 1825; second, in

1830, Anna, daughter of the Rev. James Russell, minister of Gairloch,

Ross-shire, Scotland, by whom he had a large family. In politics Col.

Matheson was a staunch Conservative.

* * * * *

=Peters, Simon=, J.P., Builder and Architect, Quebec, was born in

Youghal, county Cork, Ireland, on the 18th September, 1815. His father,

who died in 1837, had been color-sergeant in H. M. 1st Battalion 60th

Regiment, and had seen active service in the memorable battles of

Salamanca, Vittoria, and Pampalona. The family had come to Canada some

years before the father’s death, and settled in Quebec. The subject of

this sketch had but slight educational advantages, being entirely

self-taught until over twenty years of age. He was apprenticed to the

building trade at the age of sixteen, developing marked talent as a

mechanic. In 1836 he left Quebec for New York, where he remained for

four years. In 1838 he married Eliza Jane Lamoreux, daughter of the late

Abraham Lamoreux, high constable of New York. In the same year he

secured his first schooling in the form of a six months’ course of

drawing lessons, during which he proved himself an apt and interested

scholar. In 1840 he returned to Quebec, where winter was just setting

in. Though possessed of little of this world’s goods, Mr. Peters was not

dismayed, but by dint of natural ability and hard work, soon made a

place for himself. In the winter of 1841-42 he finished his scholastic

education with a season’s course in the night classes of the

British-Canadian school, under the late Mr. Geggie. He also employed his

evenings, for seven years, learning vocal music, and attained a good

reputation as a tenor singer at St. Patrick’s Church, and also at

concerts for charitable objects. He found good friends in the late

Alexander Simpson, cashier of the Bank of Montreal, and Rev. Mr.

McMahon. His worldly affairs prospering, he was able to take charge of

his widowed mother, sister and four brothers. The brothers became in

turn apprenticed to him at the building trade. In 1853 he built a steam

sash, door, and blind factory, the first ever built in Quebec. This

factory worked continuously until 1864, when it was destroyed, together

with a large quantity of lumber. The proprietor’s loss was very heavy,

as there was little insurance. Two years later he built the present

works on the corner of Grant and Prince Edward streets, known as the St.

Charles Steam Saw and Planing Mills, blind, door, sash, box, and car

factory, a large and important industry. He constructed the joiner work

of the first steamer _Quebec_, and the steamer _Union_, plying on the

river St. Lawrence. Mr. Peters has reached the topmost round of success

in his profession, having been engaged in the construction of a great

variety of works, many of them most important. A mere catalogue of some

of the chief ones will serve to indicate the wide range of contracts he

has undertaken:—Upper Town market-house, gas works, St. Paul street

market-house, Wesleyan church, St. Peter’s church, St. Sauveur church,

Sisters of Charity church and buildings, Masonic hall, Lévis Episcopal

church, music hall, jail and court house at St. Hyacinthe, and also at

St. Thomas, Montmagny; Wellington barracks, at Halifax, Nova Scotia;

hotel at Tadousac, and the Earl of Dufferin’s house, at the same place.

He restored Quebec custom house after the fire; built the wharf and

light-house at Point St. Laurent Island of Orleans; also the outer

ballast wharf, and the Louise embankment connected with the same, at the

mouth of the St. Charles river; the Allan wharf; also a large number of

dwellings; notably, Hamwood, Cataraqui, Elmsgrove, Bandon Lodge, Bijou,

Sans Bruit, and Sir George Stephens’ elegant house, at Grand Metis,

lined and finished inside with British Columbia cedar, brought over by

the Canadian Pacific Railway for the purpose. Of fourteen children born,

four sons and four daughters remain, all the daughters and two of the

sons being married. In religion, Mr. Peters is a Roman Catholic. He has

been for years vice-president of the Quebec and Lake St. John Railway

Company, as well as a member of the council of the Quebec Board of

Trade. He has been a member of St. Patrick’s Society for over

twenty-five years, and was its president for the year 1878-1879. He has

won his success not by adventitious aids, but is emphatically a

self-made man, an honor to Canada, and to the race from which he sprung.

* * * * *

=Lawson, John A.=, Manager Post Office Money Order Department,

Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, was born July 23rd, 1842, at

Covehead, in that province, and belongs to one of its oldest families.

His great-great-grandfather, David Lawson, settled there, coming from

Scotland about 1770, his business being the management of the Montgomery

estate. David left two sons, and from these spring the Lawsons of Prince

Edward Island. The subject of this sketch is the son of William David

Lawson, and who lived on the original homestead of the family, where

also our subject was born. William David married Isabella, daughter of

John Auld, of Covehead, also of Scotch extraction, and the issue of this

union was six boys and three girls. Four of the former are now living,

the eldest being Rev. S. G. Lawson, a minister of the Presbyterian

church and also well known in newspaper circles; Charles Lawson, a

merchant of Charlottetown; James D. Lawson, in the civil service, and

our subject. John A. received a good English education in the Common and

Normal schools of his native province, and upon reaching the age of

twenty-one years commenced the arduous life of a teacher, which

profession he followed till about twenty-four years of age. The next

five years he was engaged in mercantile pursuits, at Mountstewart,

relinquishing them only to accept the position which he still holds

under the Dominion Government, and which he has filled for fifteen

years. In 1864 Mr. Lawson joined the Independent Order of Good Templars,

and has always been an energetic and consistent member of that

organization. He has held the highest positions in the gift of that

body, being Grand Secretary from 1872 to 1884 inclusive. In 1885 he was

elected Grand Chief Templar and re-elected to that position in 1886. He

is a member of the Masonic craft, being initiated in Victoria Lodge,

Charlottetown, in 1876, and for six or seven successive years being its

secretary. Politically, Mr. Lawson is a Prohibitionist, although

originally belonging to the Conservative party. In religious matters Mr.

Lawson has for many years taken an active interest, being identified

with the church of his fathers, viz., the Presbyterian, and is an elder

in the church he attends. Our subject married in 1865 Sophia, daughter

of Charles Coffin, of Savage Harbour, of United Empire Loyalist stock,

the family settling in Prince Edward Island about 1780. His family

consists of nine children, two boys and seven girls, none of whom have

yet arrived at man’s or woman’s estate. Mr. Lawson is a man of kindly

disposition, quiet habits, and generous hospitality, consequently he is

a general favourite with all who know him.

* * * * *

=Tyrwhitt, Lieut.-Col. Richard=, Bradford, Ontario, M.P. for South

Simcoe, was born in Simcoe county, Ontario, on the 29th of November,

1844. He is of an old English family, his grandfather, whose name he

bears, last of Nantyr Hall, Denbighshire, barrister of the Inner Temple,

and recorder of Chester. The subject of this sketch was educated at

home, under private tutors, until well advanced in the rudimentary

branches, and at Barrie Grammar School. He was sent to France to

complete his education in the best college there. He spent some years as

a collegian at Dinan and Rouen, returning to Canada at the age of

eighteen. He engaged in farming, and having the advantage of health,

education, and capital, besides an enthusiastic liking for the

profession, he has been successful. At the age of twenty-six Mr.

Tyrwhitt married Emma Whitaker, second daughter of the former provost of

Trinity College. At an early age Mr. Tyrwhitt took an interest in

military affairs, and joined the Simcoe (35th) Battalion. In 1864 he

took a first-class certificate at the military school, Toronto; in

January, 1865, attended the cadet camp at Laprairie, and in 1866 served

on the Niagara frontier, during the Fenian raid, as lieutenant. He also

took a first-class certificate at the cavalry school, under Colonel

Jenyns, in 1870. He soon attained the rank of major, with the brevet

rank of lieutenant-colonel; is now lieutenant-colonel of the 36th Peel

battalion, and commanded the Wimbledon team in 1886. On the death of W.

C. Little, who had represented South Simcoe for years,

Lieutenant-Colonel Tyrwhitt was nominated by the Liberal-Conservatives

as a candidate for the House of Commons, and was returned by a majority

of 900. The Redistribution Act of 1882 so changed the boundaries of

South Simcoe that, instead of being, as it had formerly been, a

Conservative stronghold, it became a most evenly balanced constituency.

Nevertheless, Lieutenant-Colonel Tyrwhitt’s personal popularity, and his

clean record, won for him a second time the confidence of the electors.

In parliament he proved himself a most painstaking and conscientious

representative. When the second North-West rebellion broke out,

Lieutenant-Colonel Tyrwhitt was among the first to offer his services to

the government to assist in suppressing the outbreak. Though doubtless,

had he so desired, he might have been named to the command of a

battalion, he proved that his sole desire was to serve his country and

not to gain applause, by acting as second in command of the York-Simcoe

battalion, of which his parliamentary colleague, Lieutenant-Colonel

O’Brien, was in command. His soldier-like conduct during the campaign

won for Lieutenant-Colonel Tyrwhitt the praise of his superiors in rank,

and the enthusiastic regard of his men. In the general election of 1887,

so great was the popularity of Lieutenant-Colonel Tyrwhitt that not only

was he nominated to contest his own riding of South Simcoe, but he was

deemed the strongest man to contest North York against Mr. Mulock, one

of the ablest and most popular men on the Liberal side. Though he was

unsuccessful in North York, Lieutenant-Colonel Tyrwhitt carried his own

riding by a majority of 1050. There is no man in the House of Commons

who is regarded by both friends and foes as more fair-minded,

independent and patriotic than Mr. Tyrwhitt. Though a strong partisan,

all believe that his course is dictated by conscientious conviction, and

an earnest desire to serve the best interests of the country.

* * * * *

=Smith, Robert Herbert=, of the city of Quebec, is the eldest son of the

Rev. Robert Hopton Smith and Jane his wife, who was a daughter of Robert

Chapman, of London, England. Mr. Smith was born in the year 1825, at

Little Berkhampstead, England, and had the advantages of a private

education. In 1851 he came to Canada, and six years afterwards was

admitted as a partner into the lumber shipping firm of Benson & Co.

Three years later the name of the firm was changed to Roberts, Smith &

Co., and again, in 1880, to Smith, Wade & Co. Six years later, Mr. Smith

retired from business. In 1869 Mr. Smith was appointed by the Dominion

Government a member of the Board of Protestant School Commissioners for

the city of Quebec, and in 1870 he received the appointment of warden of

the Trinity House in the same city. Mr. Smith has taken an active

interest in many benevolent enterprises. Chief among these is St.

George’s Society, of which he is a life member, and of which society he

was president during the years 1883 and 1884. In 1857 he was married to

Amelia Jane, fourth daughter of Henry LeMesurier, of Quebec. He is a

member of the Church of England, and at present fills several important

public and other offices. He is a member of the Quebec Harbour

Commission, a director of the Quebec Bank, and is also chairman of the

Quebec Gas Company.

* * * * *

=Jennings, Rev. John=, D.D., was born at Glasgow, Scotland, in October,

1814. He was the only son of John Jennings, manufacturer, of that city.

His parents having died when he was two years of age, his earlier

education was received under his uncle, the Rev. John Tindal, of

Rathillet, Fifeshire. In early life he showed a great liking for the

study of medicine and theology, and entered upon a theological course at

St. Andrew’s University, and completed it at the University of

Edinburgh. As he determined upon laboring in a foreign field, he further

equipped himself by taking a complete course in medicine. In 1838 he was

appointed missionary to Canada by the United Presbyterian Church of

Cupar. Before setting out for his field of labor he was married, in the

same year, to Margaret Cumming, daughter of Robert Cumming, of St.

Boswell’s. Arriving in Toronto, the young clergyman was not long in

looking about for a congregation. The city of Toronto at that time

consisted of about eleven thousand inhabitants. His congregation was at

first naturally small, consisting of seven members and twenty-one

adherents, and their first place of worship was in a carpenter’s

workshop on Newgate (now Adelaide) street. Over this congregation he was

inducted as the pastor of the First United Presbyterian church of

Toronto, the congregation residing principally to the east of Yonge

street and south of Queen street. The growth of the congregation was

rapid, and soon they purchased the old Baptist church on Stanley street,

but required shortly to find larger premises, and obtained possession of

a church built on Richmond street west (close to Yonge street). In a few

years still larger premises were required, and the brick church on Bay

street was erected, and continued for thirty-six years to be occupied by

the same congregation, under his uninterrupted pastorate. In addition to

the pastorate of Bay Street Church, Mr. Jennings had arduous labors to

perform throughout the western and northern portions of the province as

missionary, especially in establishing new stations and preaching to the

scattered settlers. In these itinerant labors he had to encounter many

difficulties and hardships, but his strong physical frame greatly

strengthened him to bear these toils in the cause he held so dear. His

knowledge of medicine was an invaluable assistant to him, and many of

the scattered settlers were benefited bodily as well as spiritually. One

year’s record shows that he travelled in these missionary tours upwards

of three thousand miles, almost entirely in the saddle. In

acknowledgment of his labors, and several works that he wrote on

theological and university subjects, the degree of Doctor of Divinity

was conferred on him by the University of New York—the first degree

given to a Canadian minister. He was at last obliged, through failing

health, to resign his charge as pastor of Bay Street Church, which he

had held for thirty-six consecutive years. The congregation reluctantly

consented, and manifested its appreciation of the long services he had

rendered their church by settling a liberal life-long allowance upon

him. Notwithstanding the many and continuous calls upon his time during

his long pastorate, Doctor Jennings found time to devote himself to

assisting in building up many of the public institutions of the city,

more especially in connection with the educational system, and for many

years he was a member of the senate of the University and Upper Canada

College, Council of Public Instruction and High School Board. He was one

of the foremost on the platform and in the press in the discussion which

led to the secularization, in 1854, of the clergy reserves, and was also

a principal mover in the schemes for the union of the different branches

of the Presbyterian church. He was gifted with a winning, cordial

disposition; was a clear, forcible preacher, liberal in church and

sectarian matters, which made him universally popular with his

fellow-citizens of all creeds. His visits to the sick-bed and family

circle were especially acceptable. He was fond of all healthy

amusements, especially outdoor sports, his own early athletic training

having assisted in building up a strong constitution, which in after

years stood him in good stead. After the resignation of his charge his

health failed rapidly, and in February, 1876, he succumbed to an attack

of paralysis, maintaining to the last all his senses. His wife, three

sons and four daughters survive him.

* * * * *

=Slack, Edward=, Waterloo, Quebec, was born at Eaton, Quebec, on the

17th August, 1841, and is a son of the Rev. George Slack, of London,

England. Unlike most clergymen, Mr. Slack’s father has passed a very

adventurous career. Before he was ordained he was an officer in the

British Navy, and was in the service of the Queen of Portugal during the

insurrection of 1830. He was in the battle of Cape St. Vincent on the

5th July, 1833, and for his gallantry on that occasion received the

Order of the Tower and Sword of Portugal. He afterwards returned to

England, and in 1837 retired from the navy. He then put into operation a

project he had formed of coming to Canada. Shortly afterwards, however,

he returned again to England to be married to Emma Colston, of Epsom, a

niece of General Sir Edward Howarth, baronet, K.C.B. The newly married

couple then left England to take up their permanent residence in Canada.

Arriving, they remained for some time at Eaton, Quebec, where Mr. Slack

was ordained by the late Bishop Mountain, of Quebec, and after removing

to different places they finally settled down at Bedford, of which

district the Rev. Mr. Slack became Rural Dean. His son, the subject of

our sketch, received his education at Bishop’s College, Lennoxville,

where he took a classical course. A true chip of the old block, he

joined one of the Volunteer forces and served as lieutenant at Niagara

in the _Trent_ affair. He again saw active service during the Fenian

raid, and also took part in the battle of Pigeon Hill, on the Missisquoi

frontier. He has occupied at different times as many as seventeen

municipal and public offices. He has been mayor of Waterloo for eight

years, and a member of the council for over twenty. He is at present

warden of Shefford county, a position which he has held for a number of

years, and is also a director of the Waterloo and Magog, and the

Stanstead, Shefford and Chambly Railroads. He is a member of the Church

of England, and is thoroughly independent in politics. His wife is

Marion A. Ellis, daughter of the late R. A. Ellis, of Waterloo, Quebec.

They were married on the 20th September, 1864, and have seven children.

* * * * *

=Hudspeth, Adam=, Q.C., M.P., Lindsay, Ontario, was born in Cobourg,

Ont., on the 8th of December, 1836. He received his education in the

Grammar School of his native town, under the tuition of his father, who

was head-master. He studied law, and was called to the bar in 1867. A

year later he married Harriette Miles, daughter of R. S. Miles, of

Brockville, a retired chief factor of the Hudson’s Bay Company. Mr.

Hudspeth soon made his mark as a lawyer and acquired a large practice.

He was also, from early manhood, a keen politician and did yeoman

service for his party (the Conservative) in all the political contests

of his district for many years. In 1875 he received the nomination of

his party for the local legislature and fought a hard fight against

heavy odds, and though not successful, he won the respect of opponents

as well as the admiration of friends by the manly earnestness of his

campaign. Though giving much attention to politics, Mr. Hudspeth

advanced rapidly in his profession and some years ago became a bencher

of the Law Society of Ontario. Mr. Hudspeth was deputy judge for the

county of Victoria for many years, being entrusted also with the duties

of revising officer under the Franchise Act of 1885 to prepare the lists

for North Victoria. Although complaints were made by the Liberals of the

action of revising officers in different parts of the country, those

complaints being all the more bitter because of the fierce opposition

which had been offered to the Franchise Bill in parliament, no such

complaints were made of the manner in which the lists for North Victoria

were prepared, both sides acknowledging that a strict even-handed

justice was meted out in every case. When the election came on Mr.

Hudspeth ran as the Conservative candidate in South Victoria. He was

elected by a handsome majority; but it was supposed that he was

disqualified under the Independence of Parliament Act. Thereupon he

resigned his office as revising officer and again entered the contest.

The fight was one of the fiercest that has ever been known, even in

Victoria, where party spirit is strong, but the result was another

victory for Mr. Hudspeth. The victor was able to take his seat during

the first session of the new parliament, being received with

enthusiastic plaudits on being introduced to Mr. Speaker. His friends

regard his entry into parliamentary life as the fitting result of a long

political education gained in the field of active contests and as the

real opening of a brilliant career. Undoubtedly Mr. Hudspeth’s talents

were far above the average, and his remarkable energy and force of

character are certain to bring those talents into prominence that the

possessor of them will be called upon to take a high place among the

representatives of the people.

* * * * *

=Morrison, Alfred Gidney=, Barrister, Halifax, was born on 31st May,

1854, at Folly village, Londonderry, in the county of Colchester, Nova

Scotia. His parents were Thomas Fletcher Morrison and Margaret Brown

Fletcher. On his father’s side he is descended from the ancient family

of Morrisons of the West coast of Scotland, who were present in Ireland

and took part in the defence of Derry. From thence they came to New

Hampshire, and from there to Londonderry and Truro, in the county of

Colchester, in the year 1760. On the mother’s side he is descended from

the Rev. John Brown, who was a native of Scotland, and one of the

pioneers of the Presbyterian church of Nova Scotia. Rev. Mr. Brown was

the associate of the late Dr. McGregor, the founder of Pictou academy,

one of the leading educational institutions in eastern Nova Scotia. Mr.

Morrison received his primary education at the common school in his

native village; and when a mere lad happened one day to go into the

court house at Truro, and hearing two distinguished members of the bar

wrangling over a disputed point, he, on returning to his home, announced

his determination to be a lawyer. Although years elapsed before he could

carry out this cherished idea, he at length succeeded in getting a

chance to study this profession. He removed to Halifax in 1878, and

after taking a course at Pictou academy, he studied law for a short time

in the Halifax Law School, which was then newly established, and

afterwards read law with Weatherby & Graham, barristers, and Thompson &

Graham, barristers, Halifax, and was admitted to the bar of Nova Scotia

in December, 1882. He immediately afterwards entered into a partnership

with W. F. MacCoy, Q.C., but three years afterwards he joined the firm

of MacCoy, Pearson, Morrison & Forbes, which firm now does a large

business in Halifax. From 1870 until 1879 he held the position of deputy

surveyor of shipping at Londonderry. In 1884 he acted as secretary to a

provincial delegation to Ottawa; and was solicitor for the Board of

Public Charities at Halifax until the board was abolished by the

legislature in 1886. He helped in the establishment of a system of

printing cases for argument before the court in banc; and also in the

establishment of a law school at Halifax. He was connected with the

press for two years, and in this connection assisted in promoting

several important public enterprises. Mr. Morrison believes in open and

free discussion, and always likes to see the best man win. He has been,

since 1878, a leading member of the Young Men’s Liberal Club at Halifax,

and takes an active part in politics. He is considered a good campaign

platform speaker, and has taken an interest in all election contests

since 1878. He is familiar with the maritime provinces; but has only

been able, so far, to visit Ottawa and the New England states. He was

brought up a Presbyterian, and his mind has undergone no important

theological change from youth up. Mr. Morrison’s progress has been

upward in his profession. He is a man of sound judgment, excellent

address, diligent in business, and possessed of an untarnished

reputation for integrity. He is very fond of literature, but

unfortunately his legal business gives him little time to indulge this

taste, to any great extent, in this direction. He was married on the 7th

February, 1884, to Rubie F. Douglas, of Maitland, in the county of

Halifax, who is a lady of good education and refined taste. She was for

some years, previous to her marriage, engaged in educational work, of

which she is particularly fond. She was educated at the Truro Normal

School. One son has been born of this union.

* * * * *

=Matheson, Lieut.-Colonel Arthur James=, fifth son of the late Col. the

Hon. Roderick Matheson, Senator, was born at Perth, Ontario, and

educated at Upper Canada College, and Trinity College, Toronto. He was

called to the Bar of Ontario in February, 1870. In March, 1866, he was

gazetted lieutenant of the Perth Infantry company, with which he served

in the provisional battalion at Brockville and Prescott on the St.

Lawrence frontier during the first Fenian raid. In November, 1866, on

the formation of the 42nd battalion, he was gazetted captain. Having

resigned his commission while studying his profession in Toronto, he was

afterwards re-appointed captain, and in 1885, major, and on 18th June,

1886, lieut.-col. of the 42nd battalion V. M. The services of the

battalion were volunteered for the North-West during the rebellion but

were not required. Lieut.-Col. Matheson was, for a number of years, a

member of the town council, and for two years, 1883 and 1884, mayor of

Perth. In politics he is a Conservative.

* * * * *

=Angus, Richard Bladworth=, Montreal, Director of the Canadian Pacific

Railway Company, is a Scotchman by birth, having been born at Bathgate,

in the neighbourhood of the city of Edinburgh, Scotland, on the 28th day

of May, 1830. He is one of four brothers, all remarkable for the early

developed brilliancy of their talents. Mr. Angus received his scholastic

education in the academy at Bathgate, and at an early age left Scotland

and went to England, where, in a bank in Manchester, he received his

business training. Bound to push his fortune, he came to Canada in 1857,

and found a situation in the Bank of Montreal. In the first series of

this work in connection with the life of the late Mr. C. F. Smithers, a

brief concise sketch is given of the early history of banking in Canada,

with especial reference to the great Bank of Montreal, of which that

regretted financier had for several years the direction. It was with the

progress of the same important institution that the subject of this

memoir was destined to be identified during some of the most active

years of his busy life, like not a few of the Scotchmen who have made

their mark on this side of the Atlantic, Mr. Angus had his business

training in one of the great commercial centres of England. The

qualities which were ultimately to win him the confidence of his

colleagues in some of the grandest enterprises of the time were soon

recognized in the young Manchester clerk, and he rapidly mounted the

ladder of promotion. In three years he had risen to the post of

accountant, and in 1861 was sent to Chicago to assume charge of the

branch office in that city. After some years residence in Chicago, he

was entrusted with a still larger responsibility, being appointed to the

associate management of the New York agency; a year later we find him

once more in Montreal, as manager of the local business, and having

discharged the critical business of that position for five years, he

succeeded Mr. King, in 1869, as general manager. His tenure of that high

position was marked by tact, foresight, and the fullest appreciation of

opportunities for extending the influence of the institution. In 1876 he

resigned, in order to accept the vice-presidency of the St. Paul’s,

Minneapolis and Manitoba Railway, a step which in due time was to have

important results. It will be remembered that, as in the east, the

entrance of the Maritime provinces into the Canadian Confederation

necessitated the construction of the Intercolonial Railway. So in the

extreme west, the admission of British Columbia was effected solely on

the condition that communication should be established between the

Pacific region and the rest of the Dominion. It was one of the grandest

enterprises that had ever been conceived in an age fertile in great

undertakings. In 1871 the survey was begun, but the scheme was to

undergo many modifications before the actual initiation of the work of

construction. It was finally deemed most advisable on various grounds

that the responsibility should be assumed, not by the Government, but by

a private company. At last a syndicate was formed, with Mr. (now Sir)

George Stephen as its leading spirit. Mr. Angus was one of the original

body, and has remained in connection with the incorporate company ever

since as one of its directors. He shares, therefore, in the glory, as he

has shared in the responsibilities and risks, of a public work, which

has revolutionised the relations of the distant parts of the British

empire, and enhanced a hundredfold the prospects of Canada as to

immigration, industry and commerce. Not, indeed, till the present

generation has passed away will the world sufficiently appreciate the

services of the men by whom the Canadian Pacific Railway was completed,

an all-through route from ocean to ocean on British territory and a band

of union between the metropolis and the farthest east, without which

Imperial unity would be little more than a name. Mr. Angus is regarded

as a shrewd business man, and very strict in his dealings. He is,

however, none the less popular, as he has many amiable qualities, being

a typical instance of that dual nature which is not uncommon, especially

among Scotchmen, combining rigid adherence to the letter of a bargain,

and close calculation of expenditure in business matters, with

open-handed generosity in social intercourse. He is a member of the St.

Andrew’s Society, and holds the position of vice-president. He is also a

member of St. Paul’s lodge of Free Masons.

* * * * *

=Jones, Robert Vonclure=, A.M., Ph.D., Professor of Classics, Acadia

College, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, was born on June 25, 1835, at Pownal,

lot 49, Prince Edward Island. His father was William Jones, who was born

in London, Great Britain, and emigrated with his parents to Prince

Edward Island about the beginning of the present century. His mother was

Mary Gay, who came with her parents from the state of Maine, United

States, and settled in Prince Edward Island, about 1802. After leaving

the common schools, Mr. Jones pursued a course of study in the Central

Academy, Charlottetown, P.E.I. This school has since received the more

ambitious title of Prince of Wales College. It was then, as now, a place

of thorough drill, and in it faithful pupils could lay the foundation of

a broad and sound scholarship. He went, at the beginning of 1855, to

Horton Collegiate Academy to continue his studies; and was matriculated

into Acadia College, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, in 1856. He graduated in

1860, and was a member of the class that included the names of

Professors Hartt and Wells, and Drs. Rand and Alward. He continued his

studies at Oxford University, England, after his appointment to Acadia

College; and was for four years second master of Horton Collegiate

Academy. He was appointed to the chair of classics in Acadia College in

1865, and this position he still holds. For some years he was one of the

classical examiners to the University of Halifax. Mr. Jones has

travelled quite extensively in England, Scotland, France, Switzerland,

Italy, and in some of the New England States. In religion he is a

Baptist, and at the Baptist convention, held in the Baptist church,

Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, August 20th, 1887, he was

unanimously elected president. He was married on June 8, 1865, to Emma

R. Pineo, daughter of John O. Pineo, a well-known resident of Wolfville,

Kings county.

* * * * *

=Macdonald, Hon. Andrew Archibald=, Lieutenant-Governor of Prince Edward

Island, Charlottetown, was born at Three Rivers, in that province, on

the 14th February, 1829. He is the eldest son of Hugh Macdonald, and

Catherine Macdonald, his wife, and grandson of Andrew Macdonald, who

purchased an estate of ten thousand acres in Prince Edward Island, in

the early part of the century, and with his family and some fifty of his

countrymen, whom he brought with him to settle on the property,

emigrated from Inverness-shire, Scotland, to Prince Edward Island where

his kinsman, Macdonald of Glenaladale and other relations had already

taken up their abode. Shortly after his arrival in the province he

likewise purchased the beautiful island of Panmure, seven hundred acres

in extent, at the entrance of Cardigan bay. There he erected a

dwelling-house and store and took up his residence. He set apart a

suitable piece of land for a church, which was soon built with the

assistance of a few settlers of the same faith, and there all would

assemble on the Sundays for united prayer, or to join in offering the

holy sacrifice of the mass at such rare intervals as a priest visited

the district. The interior of the island was then covered with the

primeval forest, unbroken by roads. The first settlers located along the

borders of the seashore or by the river margin. The water was the great

highway at all seasons. Snowshoes were as indispensable in winter as

canoes were in summer, for the snowfall was much greater then than in

later years, since the forest has been cleared. The firm of Andrew

Macdonald & Sons at once established an extensive business in exporting

the pine timber of the province to Great Britain, and importing such

goods as the settlers required. They also extended a branch of the house

to Miramichi, in New Brunswick. They experienced all the usual

difficulties of early settlers in a new country, but we will only note a

few somewhat different from the ordinary kind. In 1807, while the first

ship they had chartered was loading, a sloop of war arrived from

Halifax, and pressed the crew for the King’s service. No seamen could be

had to replace them, and the ship and cargo were detained for a long

time. Other ship-owners, fearing the same fate, would not accept

colonial charters, and provincial trade was at a standstill, but Mr.

Macdonald represented the matter so well to the government that the

practice was soon discontinued, and business went on. At another time,

as the old man and one of his younger sons were taking passage home to

Britain, in the autumn, by a timber-laden ship, she was captured by an

American privateer, and taken as a prize to Philadelphia, where he and

his son were confined in jail for some months as prisoners. As they were

unable to communicate with their friends and were without funds, they

suffered great hardship, and endured such privation that the old

gentleman’s health gave way, he was then allowed a limited liberty on

parole. In the following spring he managed to acquaint his friends with

his situation, and the attention of the Provincial government being

called to the case, they obtained his liberation and he returned home.

In 1817 the house at Panmure with every thing it contained, including

valuable family papers, was destroyed by fire, the inmates barely

escaping with their lives; but undaunted still, he imported brick and

material from Britain and erected the first brick dwelling-house and

stables ever seen in that part of the province. His original purchase of

township lands had proved a very unfortunate one, as it involved him in

a Chancery suit, which continued up to the time of his death, in 1833.

His son, Hugh, succeeded to the property, and continued the suit for

almost another generation, with the usual result in the Chancery suits

of that period, the litigants were ruined and the whole estate swallowed

up in costs. Hugh Macdonald, of Panmure, was one of the first Roman

Catholics appointed to any office of importance after the passage of the

Catholic Emancipation Act. He was high sheriff of the province in 1834.

A commissioner of the Small Debt Court and justice of the peace for

Kings county; represented Georgetown for some time in the House of

Assembly; held the imperial appointment of Controller of Customs and

Navigation Laws, and was Collector of Customs at Three Rivers, P.E.I.,

from 1832 until his death, in 1857. He was succeeded by his eldest son,

Andrew Archibald Macdonald, the subject of our sketch, who was educated

at the public schools of the county and by private tutors. He first

entered as a clerk in a general store, opened at Georgetown, P.E.I., by

a relative, in 1844, and soon became a partner in the business. On the

death of the senior member of the firm in 1851, he purchased the estate,

continued the business, embarked largely in the fisheries, and took his

two brothers into partnership. The firm became large buyers and

exporters of the products of the province, and engaged extensively in

shipbuilding. In 1871 he removed with his family to Charlottetown, and

shortly afterwards disposed of his interest in the business to his

partners. He had been Consular agent for the United States of America at

Georgetown for twenty-five years, before his removal to the capital. He

had entered political life at an early age, and was returned to the

House of Assembly in 1854, as one of the representatives for Georgetown.

At the next general election, although he polled a majority of the

votes, he was unseated on a change of parties by scrutiny in the house

in 1859. When the Legislative Council first became elective in 1863, he

was elected thereto by the second district of Kings county, and again

returned by the same constituency in 1868. Whilst, a member of the

opposition, the government appointed him one of the delegates to confer

with those from the governments of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick at the

Charlottetown conference of first September, 1864, on the expediency of

the union of the three provinces, when the deputation from Canada was

received and the subject of a general confederation of the British

American provinces informally discussed. He was also in the same year a

member of the delegation to Quebec, which arranged the first terms of

Confederation for the Dominion. On submitting these to his Island

constituents at public meetings they were not approved, and he did not

afterwards advocate this measure, until terms more favorable to the

province and acceptable to the people had been obtained, when they

received his strenuous support both on the platform and in the

legislature. He was first called to the Executive Council in Mr. Coles’

administration, formed 14th March, 1867, and continued in that of Mr.

Hensley, and also of Mr. Haythorne, until the defeat of the party in

September, 1870. They were succeeded by Mr. Pope’s government, of which

he became a member, and was leader in the upper house until the defeat

of the party and their resignation on the 22nd April, 1872. They were

recalled to power within the year, and he continued a member of the

government from that time until the better terms of Confederation were

secured and the measure finally accomplished, when he resigned his seat

and accepted the position of provincial postmaster general, 1st July,

1873. After Confederation this office was merged in that of postmaster

at Charlottetown, although still directing the Provincial mail service,

in which many improvements were effected and the efficiency of the

service greatly increased. In 1881 he was also appointed post-office

inspector for the colony, and held these offices until his appointment

as Lieutenant-Governor, on 1st August, 1884. He was a delegate to the

International Convention held at Portland, U.S., in 1868, and has been a

governor of the Prince of Wales College, a trustee for the Provincial

Hospital for the Insane, a member of the Board of Education, a member of

the Board of Works, and a member of the City School Board. In 1875 he

was appointed by the government, arbitrator to settle difference between

them and the contractors who built the Prince Edward Island Railway. He

was also public trustee under the Land Purchase Act of 1875, and when

the value had been awarded to the proprietors by the Court of

Commissioners, but they had refused to divest themselves of their

titles, he executed conveyances of upwards of four hundred thousand

acres of their property to the government as provided in the Land

Purchase Act. While in the legislature he assisted in passing many of

the most important acts on the provincial statute book, and was one of

the earliest advocates of the construction of the Prince Edward Island

Railway as a provincial work, although it involved an expenditure of

three millions of dollars, by a province whose ordinary revenue was then

only three hundred thousand dollars, and whose population was but one

hundred thousand, but it was successfully accomplished, and the cost

borne by the province now enjoying its benefits. Lieut.-Governor

Macdonald has for many years taken an active part in the promotion of

temperance; is a member of the Dominion Temperance Alliance, and no

wines or spirituous liquors are used or offered at government house. Mr.

Macdonald, like his forefathers from time immemorial, professes the

Roman Catholic faith. He is a member of the St. Vincent de Paul Society

for the relief of the poor, and has been chief of the Prince Edward

Island Caledonian Club for several years past. He is also president of

the Arbor Society. He married, in 1863, Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas

Owen, formerly postmaster-general, with issue four sons, the eldest,

Æneas Adolphe, is his private secretary and a law student in the office

of Peters & Peters; the second son, Percy, has gone into a mercantile

establishment to learn the business, and the two younger sons are still

at college.

* * * * *

=Smart, William Lynn=, Barrister, Hamilton, Ontario, was born at St.

Albans, Middlesex, England, on 16th September, 1824. He is the eldest

son of the late John Newton Smart, of Trewhitt House, Rothbury,

Northumberland, who married, in 1823, Mary Ann, co-heiress of the Rev.

Thomas Gregory, vicar of Henlow, Bedfordshire, England. He succeeded his

father to the Trewhitt and Netherton properties, in 1875. Mr. Smart

graduated at King’s College, London. He left college in 1842, and was

articled to Smart & Buller, attorneys-at-law and solicitors in Chancery,

and was admitted as attorney in 1847, and was then taken in as a partner

of the firm of Smart, Buller & Smart. He remained in this firm until

1853, when he came, to Canada on a visit to the late Colonel Light, of

Woodstock. He subsequently accepted the appointment of secretary of the

Woodstock and Lake Erie Railway Company. This company afterwards

amalgamated with the Amherstburg and St. Thomas Railway Company, under

the name Canada Southern Railroad. Mr. Smart remained as its secretary

until the year 1862. Having been admitted as an attorney-at-law by the

Law Society of Upper Canada, in 1864 he left the Canada Southern and

entered into partnership with Hector Cameron, Q.C., the new firm taking

the name of Cameron & Smart. During the time of the partnership, 1866,

he was called to the bar of Upper Canada. In 1868 the partnership was

dissolved, and he commenced business in Toronto on his own account. In

1873, he removed to Hamilton, where he received the appointment of

deputy judge, under the late Judge Logie and also the late Judge

Ambrose. The duties of this office he discharged with ability and care,

giving much satisfaction, an address having been presented to him,

signed by the bar of Wentworth county, until the appointment of the

present Judge Sinclair. In 1876 he retired from his judicial position,

and began business again as barrister, opening an office in the Court

House, Hamilton. Judge Smart has devoted himself more or less to civic

politics, and was during 1870 and 1871 a councillor for Yorkville, now

part of Toronto. He belongs to the order of Freemasons, and has held the

office of secretary of the Ionic lodge, No. 25, Toronto. He is likewise

a member of the Orange order. He is an Episcopalian; and in politics a

Liberal-Conservative. He was a candidate for South Oxford in 1882, but

did not succeed. He married, in 1863, Catherine McGill Crooks, daughter

of the late John Crooks, of Niagara. By this lady, who died in 1871, he

has three children. He is a man of broad views, and though not a

prohibitionist, is a sturdy advocate of temperance.

* * * * *