=Baillairgé, Louis de Gonzague=, Queen’s Counsellor and

Chevalier-Commandeur of the Illustrious Order of St. Gregory the Great,

is a son of the late Pierre Florent, city treasurer of Quebec under the

magistrates, and of Marie Louise Cureux de Saint-Germain, daughter of

the late Antoine Cureux de Saint-Germain, captain of transatlantic

mercantile vessels. This pious and venerable lady, whose mortal remains

rest beneath the vaults of the Basilica, died at Quebec, at the advanced

age of ninety, on the 16th of July, 1859. Pierre Florent, her husband,

was one of the writers of the _Canadien_, wherein he published some

satirical articles in verse, although he was not a poet, against the

administration of Sir James Craig, the governor-general, who on that

occasion ordered the seizure of the type and entire plant of the

printing office, on the 17th March, 1810. His excellency, at the same

time, issued an order to arrest him, together with his friends, Judge

Bédard and Lefrançois, who were both imprisoned. Florent, however,

escaped imprisonment through the influence of one of his friends, Mr.

Young, a magistrate. L. G. Baillairgé now occupies the building, the

door of which was burst open by a squad of soldiers armed with rifles

and fixed bayonets, under command of Capt. Thos. Allison, of the 5th

regiment of infantry, who was also a justice of the peace, where they

seized the _Canadien_ printing office, machinery and papers. Mr.

Baillairgé is the grandson of Jean Baillairgé, architect and engineer,

who was born at Saint-Antoine de Villaret, Poitou, France, on the 30th

of October, 1726, and emigrated, in 1748, to Quebec, Canada, where he

acted as assistant to Viscount de Léry for the construction of the city

gates connected with the fortifications which still surround it. He

fought in the battle of the Plains of Abraham, on the 13th September,

1759, and served in the army during the blockade of Quebec in 1775-76 by

Montgomery and Arnold. He and his son François, who had studied

painting, architecture, and statuary at the Royal Academy of Paris, are

the artists who decorated the interior of the Basilica, and designed and

executed the “baldaquin” which surmounts the main altar of the

sanctuary, and is so much admired. Six of the twelve surrounding statues

were sculptured by them; those of Saint-Ambroise and Saint-Augustin, in

the lateral chapel of Sainte-Anne, were executed by Thomas, the son of

François, who also sculptured the basso-relievo representing the Supper

of Emmaus, on the front of the central altar in the church of

Sainte-Anne de la Pocatière, respecting which he was highly

congratulated by Lord Dalhousie, who took great interest in works of

art. The statues of Saint-Louis, king of France, and Saint-Flavien, on

either side of the principal altar of the Quebec Basilica, and the two

others in the lateral chapel of Sainte-Famille, were executed by artists

in France. These specimens of Canadian and European art are such that

even the experienced eye of a keen observer can with difficulty decide

which of them displays the greatest artistic skill. François

Baillairgé’s studio and workshop were in the building now occupied as a

livery stable, on St. Louis street, by Mr. Driscoll. Prince Edward, Duke

of Kent, father of Queen Victoria, paid frequent visits to the artist in

this studio, and gave him orders for the execution of various artistic

works, as a proof of his appreciation of his ability, and in order to

give him all the encouragement he could. He also induced him to organize

a club of young men to give theatrical performances, and afterwards

invited them to play a comedy in the casemated barracks of the citadel

near St. Louis gate. Jean Baillairgé, his son François, and Thomas, the

son of the latter, may be justly considered as the fathers of Canadian

architecture, sculpture and statuary. Louis de Gonzague Baillairgé, the

subject of our sketch, is the uncle of George Frederick, deputy minister

of Public Works of Canada, and of Charles, the city engineer of Quebec,

chevalier of the order of Saint-Sauveur de Monte Reale, in Italy. He

completed his classical course of studies in 1830, at the Seminary of

Quebec, and afterwards studied law under the Hon. Philippe Panet. When

the latter was appointed judge, he continued his legal course under the

Hon. R. E. Caron, and was admitted to practice at the bar on the 12th

October, 1835. In 1844 he became the partner of the latter, who was then

the mayor of the city of Quebec, and was later on appointed as successor

to Sir Narcisse Belleau, as lieutenant-governor of the province of

Quebec. In 1850 Mr. Baillairgé was appointed, together with Mr. Caron,

his associate, as joint attorneys of the corporation of Quebec. In 1853,

on his partner being appointed one of the judges of the Court of Queen’s

Bench, the partnership was dissolved, and the entire practice of the

firm, one of the most extensive of the bar of Quebec, remained with him.

He continued to act for the corporation of the city until the 22nd of

February, 1861, when the council passed a resolution containing the

following:—“That L. G. Baillairgé, attorney of the corporation, having

efficiently contributed to the economical administration of justice by

means of his legal advice, laborious application and praiseworthy

disinterestedness, and having also by means of his persevering energy,

ensured the collection of considerable sums of money which the city

would have lost by the extinction of its mortgages if he had not acted

in such energetic manner; he is entitled to the respect of this council,

and to the confidence of the public.” Pursuant to this resolution, Mr.

Baillairgé was nominated sole attorney and legal adviser of the

corporation, in which capacity he continued to act until the 9th of

October, 1885. He then requested the city council to grant him an

associate for the transaction of city affairs, in the person of the Hon.

A. P. Pelletier, of whom he was the patron, and who practised as a

lawyer in his office for more than twenty years. The city council

readily assented to this proposal, and accordingly passed the following

resolution on the same day:—“That this council, taking into

consideration the letter of L. G. Baillairgé, Q.C., most willingly

avails itself of the opportunity to express its high appreciation and

its gratitude for the eminent professional services rendered by Mr.

Baillairgé to the city of Quebec during so many years, for the honour

and advantage of the city, and accedes with pleasure to Mr. Baillairgé’s

request.” In 1885, the government having decided to appoint assistant

judges for the Superior Court during the existence of the Seignorial

Court, offered him one of the appointments. In 1856, the government

tendered him the recordership of the city of Quebec, which had been

created, for the first time, by the Act 19, 20 Vict., chap. 106. In

1860, when Chief Justice Bowen retired from the bench, he was invited to

replace him during the time of his retirement. In 1860-61, he was called

upon to fill the seat rendered vacant in the Superior Court by the death

of Judge Power on 1st July, 1860. However lucrative and honorary these

appointments might be, he declined accepting any of them; their value,

in his estimation, could not, he thought, compensate him for the loss of

his personal independence. In 1863, he was appointed Queen’s counsellor,

under the Dorion administration. In 1873 he became _bâtonnier_ of the

bar of Quebec, and was considered as one of its most trustworthy and

distinguished members and one of its most eloquent orators. In 1882 he

conceived the noble and philanthropic idea of getting a church or

missionary’s chapel constructed in each of the five parts of the world,

under the name of one of the members of his family, together with a

Canadian oratory, under the name of his patron saint. These churches are

either completed or in course of construction, one of them being in

Southern and the other in Equatorial Africa. The one erected at the

southern end of lake Victoria, Nianza, is named, “St. Pierre de

Bukumbi,” and is the first church which has been constructed of stone,

in the centre of Africa. The journal of _Les Missions Catholiques_

contains the following, in regard to this church: Monseigneur Livinhac,

vicar apostolic of Nianza, has selected this church for his cathedral,

and blessed it accordingly, on All Saints day, in 1886. It excites the

admiration of the natives, who come from afar in great numbers to

examine it, and afterwards return to their homes to speak of the

marvellous temple they have seen. They all say that they never saw such

a wonderful edifice, it being the first architectural structure ever

erected in these regions, in honour of the Divinity. Another of these

churches is in course of construction in the province of Nouba, in

Central Africa, as agreed upon with Cardinal Sagaro, through the

Reverend Father Bouchard, who accompanied the Canadian contingent of

Voyageurs to the Nile; and another has been constructed at Rapid Creek,

near Palmerston, in the Pacific Ocean. As regards the oratory at

Jerusalem, Mr. Baillairgé has not yet succeeded in obtaining the

requisite “firman,” permitting its construction from the Turkish

government. Objections have been made, but hopes are entertained that

they will be finally overcome. Mr. Baillairgé is one of the members and

founders of the National Society of Saint-Jean Baptiste of Quebec. He

succeeded Sir Narcisse Belleau as “Commissaire Ordonnateur” of the

society, and afterwards was elected as its president, in which

capacities he acted during a term of fifteen years, until 1859, when he

resigned on account of the pressure of professional duties, but remained

a member of the society. During this long period, Mr. Baillairgé spared

no efforts to establish the society on a solid and lasting basis, and to

establish and strengthen its connection with the other national

societies of the city. He was also one of the founders of the “Institut

Canadien,” whose _début_ was so humble in its origin, but which is now

flourishing, and may at present be considered as the focus of learning

and of the national aspirations of Canadian youth. In 1873, he was

chosen as one of its honorary presidents. He is one of those who first

conceived the idea of collecting and afterwards depositing, in June,

1854, in one grave, the scattered remains of the brave warriors of the

78th Highlanders, and of the French “Grenadiers de la Reine,” who were

slain during the battle, on the heights of Ste. Foye, between Generals

Lévis and Murray. To his exertions and those of his friend, Dr.

Robitaille, we are chiefly indebted for the construction of the

monument, “Aux braves de 1760, érigé par la Société St. Jean-Baptiste de

Quebec, 1860,” which now stands over the graves, in order to commemorate

the victory won by the French, on the 28th of April, 1760, six months

after the battle of the Plains of Abraham. The solemnity of the

proceedings, on this occasion, was never surpassed, except during the

official reception of Cardinal Taschereau. The event was witnessed by

about 12,000 persons. The British military authorities graciously

assented to all the requests of the St. Jean-Baptiste Society, in

connection with the inauguration of this monument, and furnished two

regiments of the line with a company of artillery and its guns, who

placed themselves next to a detachment of the French navy from the

Imperial corvette _La Capricieuse_, then visiting Quebec. The monument

consists of a bronzed iron column, resting on a pedestal of masonry,

surmounted by a bronze statue of Bellona, which was donated to the

Society of St. Jean-Baptiste by Prince Napoleon Bonaparte. The name of

“Murray,” with the arms of Great Britain, is inscribed on the side

opposite the city, and that of “Lévis,” with the arms of France, on the

opposite side of the pedestal. The inscription, “Aux braves de 1760,

érigé par la Société St. Jean-Baptiste de Québec, 1860,” with its

surrounding laurel wreath, is upon the face fronting the Ste. Foye road;

on the opposite side, facing the Laurentides, there is a _bas-relief_

representing the windmill, one of the most contested points of the

battle-field; a bronze mortar rests on each corner of the pedestal.

Before the departure of Prince Napoleon from Quebec, Mr. Baillairgé met

his friend, Dr. Bardy, ex-president of the society, who requested him on

behalf of the society to visit the Prince at the Russell Hotel, and to

request him to grant a statue for the crowning of the monument. The

Prince, after conferring with Baron Gauldrée de Boileau, graciously

assented to the request. The design of the monument, which is about 90

feet in height, was made by Chevalier Charles Baillairgé, the city

engineer. The country is indebted to Mr. Baillairgé for the possession

of the “Standard of Carillon.” This ancient relic of the past, whenever

it appears in the ranks of the procession of St. Jean-Baptiste, awakens

the memories of the valiant deeds of their forefathers during the

memorable day of the 8th July, 1758. He searched, during more than ten

years, with incredible perseverance, for this old standard, and finally

succeeded in finding it in the abode of an old friend of his family,

Frère Louis Bonami, of the order of Saint François d’Assize, at Quebec,

beneath a mass of old articles half reduced to dust by decay, at the

bottom of an old trunk. Father Berry, superior of the Recollets at

Quebec, was one of the almoners of the army of Carillon under Montcalm.

After the campaign of 1758 he took charge of the standard, and brought

it back to Quebec, where it was suspended to the vault of the Recollet

Church, and remained there until the church was destroyed by fire on the

6th of September, 1796. Frère Bonami and another rushed into the church

to save what articles they could, threw them into a trunk, and were

hurrying out with them at the moment when the standard dropped near

their feet, from the vault of the nave, and, picking it up, also threw

it into the trunk, which he carried off, with his companion, to a place

of safety, and afterwards sent it to his dwelling, where it was found by

Mr. Baillairgé, after a lapse of more than half a century. (See _Revue

Canadienne_ of 1882, vol. II., page 129). On various occasions, and

especially in 1857, he was invited to present himself as a candidate to

parliament for Quebec, but always declined the proffered honour. He was

one of the founders of the _Courrier du Canada_, at Quebec, and helped

it out of numerous difficulties which generally attend the establishment

of a new journal. The _Courrier_ has been in existence ever since, and

will, it is hoped, continue to prosper for many years hereafter. In 1863

he was appointed lieutenant-colonel of the 2nd battalion of the militia

of Quebec, under Lord Elgin. On the 24th of February, 1885, Mr.

Baillairgé founded a chair of sacred and profane eloquence in connection

with the faculty of arts of the Laval University at Quebec, known as “La

Chaire Baillairgé.” On the 26th of July, 1886, his Holiness the Pope Leo

XIII., addressed an autograph letter to his Eminence Cardinal Archbishop

Taschereau, respecting the newly founded professorship, which contains

the following:

We have learned with great pleasure that we are indebted to the

generosity of a distinguished advocate of Quebec, Mr.

Baillairgé, for a new chair, which has been created in addition

to the chairs already existing in the Laval University, over

which you preside as Apostolic Chancellor. We are greatly

rejoiced on account of this new endowment, the object of which

is to benefit studious young men who wish to perfect themselves

in literature and eloquence.

Our beloved son, whom we have already named, has thus, in our

estimation, not only contributed to the development of arts and

letters in his native land, but he has also erected a lasting

monument in his own honour, and is worthy of the praise of his

contemporaries and of the commendation of posterity.

The distance which separates us, prevents us from expressing

personally to the illustrious founder, our feelings of paternal

affection and our ardent desire that he may receive from God the

ample reward due to his worthy deed. We, therefore, request you

to do so in our name.

His Eminence Cardinal Taschereau accordingly addressed the following

letter to Mr. Baillairgé, on the 21st of August, 1886:

SIR,—You will receive herewith the Latin text and French

translation of the letter I have just received:

His Holiness the Pope Leo XIII., wishing to give unto the Laval

University a proof of the interest he feels in this institution,

bestows his praise on the chair of eloquence which you have so

generously founded, and commends your action as an example to be

followed by those who desire to make a noble use of their

fortune. A monument of marble is an object of interest only to a

few, and any interest which may be attached to it, seldom lasts

beyond one generation. The founder of a work such as yours, sir,

will be known and loved by all those whom it will benefit

directly or indirectly, until the end of time.

The deep interest I take in the Laval University and in the

education of the youth of our native country, will enable you,

sir, to estimate the vivacity and sincerity of the gratefulness

with which I have the honour to subscribe myself,

Your very devoted servant,

E. A., CARDINAL TASCHEREAU,

_Archbishop of Quebec._

To L. G. Baillairgé, Esq., Advocate.

The Hon. Mr. Fabre, who published this letter in the _Paris-Canada_, a

newspaper which is printed at Paris, adds:

Mr. Baillairgé belongs to one of the most genuine French

families of Canada. The high distinction by which he has just

been honoured is the worthy reward of his generous act, and an

acknowledgement of the exalted sentiments by which he has been

guided.

Cardinal Taschereau’s letter was followed by his “Pastoral Letter” of

the 8th of December, 1886, respecting the Laval University, and alluding

to the chair founded in that institution by Mr. Baillairgé. On the 18th

of May, 1887, his Holiness the Pope Leo XIII., nominates Mr. Baillairgé

“Chevalier-Commandeur of the illustrious order of St. Gregory the

Great,” by Apostolical Letters-patent of the same date. These

Letters-patent were presented by order of his Eminence Cardinal

Taschereau to Mr. Baillairgé, by Monseigneur Légaré, the Grand Vicaire,

and by Monseigneur Marois, secretary of his eminence, acting as his

special delegates on this occasion. His Eminence Cardinal Simeoni, chief

of the Propaganda, is said to have contributed to this nomination. The

uniform and insignia of a Chevalier-Commandeur is as

follows:—Uniform—A dark blue, long-tailed dress-coat, with silver

embroidery of laurel leaves, and silver buttons on the front; collar,

facings, and the lower portion on the back, also embroidered with

silver; long white chamois pantaloons, with a silver band on the sides;

small black boots; black cocked hat with short black spiral plumes and

silver clasp. INSIGNIA:—Maltese cross of gold with a circular medallion

at the centre, containing the miniature of Gregory the Great;

gold-hilted sword at the side, etc. In 1887 a statue of the Saviour was

presented by Mr. Baillairgé to the Grey Nuns of Quebec. It was blessed

by his Eminence Cardinal Taschereau, and placed on the summit of the

tower above the main entrance of the Grey Nuns’ Church, on the 18th of

September of the same year. The statue is about fifteen feet in height,

is plated on the outside with gilded sheet lead, and weighs about 4,000

lbs. It was sculptured by Mr. Jobin, an artist of the old capital.

* * * * *

=Dionne, Narcisse Eutrope=, S.B., M.D., Quebec, Co-Editor of _Le

Courrier du Canada_, was born at St. Denis, county of Kamouraska,

province of Quebec, on the 18th of May, 1848, from the marriage of

Narcisse Dionne and Elizabeth Bouchard. Dr. Dionne received his

education at the College of Ste. Anne de Lapocatière, and after

completing his classical course, studied theology two years at the Grand

Seminary of Quebec, returned to Ste. Anne for another year, and

completed his theological studies at Levis College. He then chose the

medical profession, and for that purpose entered Laval University, where

he graduated M.D., in 1873, and removed to Stanfold, county of

Arthabaska, and practised his profession in that place until 1875. Then

he removed to Quebec, where he found a wider field, not only in regard

to his profession, but to follow his inclinations to literary pursuits.

He has lived in that city ever since. In 1876, the Cercle Catholique, of

which he was one of the founders, was established in the city of Quebec,

and he was elected on the board of directors and librarian, a position

he held until the year 1883; he was then elected vice-president, and

still holds that position. He was also one of the founders of the

“Presse Associée de la province de Quebec,” with other journalists of

the city of Quebec. This association was incorporated by an act of the

legislature of Quebec, in 1883. Dr. Dionne has been acting secretary of

the society since its foundation, and took a most prominent part in the

reception accorded the Canadian Press Association, on the occasion of

the latter body’s excursion to the Saguenay in 1883. In token of their

gratitude, the Ontario pressmen gave him a splendid gift in recognition

of the courtesies extended them. In August, 1886, he was also elected

secretary to the Quebec Conservative Club, and in January, 1887, was

appointed to the same position, which he filled during the Federal

elections of the 22nd of February, of the same year. Dr. Dionne holds a

high rank among the _littérateurs_ of his native province, the first

work which brought him to prominence being a pamphlet, published in

1880, intituled, “Le Tombeau de Champlain.” The year previous, his

Excellency the Count de Premio-Real, consul-general of Spain in Canada,

had offered two prizes for the best essay on a series of questions

relating to Canadian history, and Mr. Dionne was the winner of both. In

1881, he published a pamphlet on agricultural societies, and then-value

to the farmers, intituled, “Les Cercles Agricoles dans la Province de

Québec,” and delivered many lectures throughout the province on that

important subject. In 1882 appeared the report of the excursion of the

Canadian Press Association to the United States, Manitoba, and the

North-West, also due to Dr. Dionne’s pen; and still later, in 1883 he

published the report of the French-Canadian convention, held at Windsor,

county of Essex. As a political writer, the doctor is in the foremost

rank of the Conservative journalists of the province, having been

editor-in-chief of _Le Courier du Canada_, a daily paper published in

Quebec, from April, 1880, until the 1st of February, 1884. He also

filled the same position on the staff of _Le Journal de Québec_, from

February to May, 1886. On the 22nd of February, 1887, he resumed the

duties of co-editor to _Le Courier du Canada_, a position which he still

holds. The first editors of the latter newspaper had been Dr. J. C.

Taché, deputy minister to the department of Agriculture, and Sir Hector

Langevin. In addition to his medical practice and journalistic duties,

Dr. Dionne was chief license inspector under the Federal Act of

parliament, from the 19th February, 1884, until December, 1885; and

visiting physician to the Quebec Marine Hospital since the 17th

February, 1882. In 1885, he visited New Orleans, during the World’s

Exposition. He is corresponding member of the Institut-Canadien, of

Ottawa; L’Union Catholique, Mauritius Island; and titulary member of the

Académie des Muses Santonnes, France. He was married on the 13th of

October, 1873, to Marie Laure Bouchard, second daughter of the late

Pierre Victor Bouchard, of her Majesty’s customs, Quebec, and Julie

Huot. He has issue ten children, five sons and five daughters.

* * * * *

=Archibald, Peter S.=, Moncton, New Brunswick, Chief Engineer of the

Intercolonial Railway, was born at Truro, Nova Scotia, on the 21st

March, 1848. His parents were William and Elizabeth Archibald, and were

both natives of Nova Scotia. Peter S. Archibald received his education

at the Truro Model and Normal schools, and joined the railway service in

1867, when scarcely out of his teens. Since then he has gradually risen,

through all the grades from rodman, until he now occupies the position

of chief engineer. He joined the volunteers as a private, and served in

that capacity for three years, and was afterwards promoted to a

lieutenancy in the 73rd battalion. Mr. Archibald is a member of the

American Institute of Civil Engineers. As a living example of what can

be done by a young man who sets his mind on rising in his profession, he

is a good example, and deserves a great deal of praise for his pluck and

perseverance, and his example is well worthy of imitation by our young

men who wish to get on in the world. In April, 1874, Mr. Archibald was

married to Clara G. Lindsay, daughter of T. S. Lindsay, of Rockland,

Maine, U.S.

* * * * *

=Mathews, Rev. George D.=, D.D., Pastor of Chalmer’s (Presbyterian)

Church, Quebec, one of the best known of our Presbyterian divines in the

old as well as the new world, was born in the town of Kilkenny, Ireland,

in 1828. As in the case of others of our distinguished men in America,

the three nationalities of the motherland are to be found represented in

him, for, though born in Ireland, he had for his father a true-hearted

Scotchman, while his mother was a native of England. The subject of our

sketch spent his earliest years in the city of Dublin, where he received

his education at the hands of private tutors who prepared him for

entering Trinity College as an undergraduate in arts. His career at this

celebrated seat of learning was in every sense a most satisfactory one,

so that he took his degree in 1848. It is needless to say that the

classical and literary tastes which he acquired at college have never

left him, as those who have had the pleasure of his acquaintance, or who

have had the opportunity of sitting under his ministrations as a pastor,

can readily bear witness. After leaving college he devoted himself for a

time to the study of law, but that profession becoming more and more

distasteful to the young student, as his mind matured on social

questions and the solemn responsibilities of life, he subsequently

forsook the pathways which Coke, Blackstone and Hale have in vain

endeavoured to make smooth, for a more peaceful retreat with the school

of the prophets. Entering the United Presbyterian Hall of Divinity at

Edinburgh, he there had the privilege of receiving instruction from such

distinguished theologians as Dr. John Brown, Dr. Eadie, and a number of

other teachers, whose lives and characters have moulded the history and

polity of the U. P. Church in Scotland. Under such men Rev. Dr. Mathews

felt more and more the serious mission he had to perform in life. With

zeal he entered upon the examination of the theology of the times,

fortifying himself with the most careful study of mental science, and

obtaining for himself the credit of being a devoted investigator in the

realms of thought, and a keen observer of the many paths into which

advanced thinkers are ever leading their fellowmen. Yet, never for a

moment did the young student deviate from the faith; and never,

throughout his long career as a minister has he had to endure the scorn

of those whose chief delight it often is to rail at the ministers of

advanced opinions. His preaching has ever been thoroughly orthodox,

notwithstanding the wide scope of his knowledge and scientific

attainments. Possessed of a remarkable fluency of speech, his discourses

are generally given _extempore_, being marked at the same time with an

eloquence which is all the more attractive from the simplicity of the

language he employs. In December, 1853, he was licensed to preach by the

Presbytery of Glasgow, and immediately thereafter was ordained at

Stranraer, a town of about eight thousand inhabitants, in Wigtonshire,

Scotland. No more delightful locality could have been selected for a man

of such tastes and predispositions as the subject of our sketch. The

town of Stranraer, as is well-known, stands upon an arm of the sea at

the head of Loch Ryan, and for the beauty and natural sweetness of its

surroundings is all but unequalled by the other towns in the south of

Scotland. Here the young preacher found his first charge among a people

kindly disposed and hospitable, and here his efforts to do good were

well received, not only by those of his own congregation, but by the

whole community. No duty was overlooked, public or pastoral; and yet

amidst the pressure of work which always falls to the lot of a young and

conscientious pastor, the literary spirit did not forsake the youthful

clergyman during his spare moments from pulpit work and pastoral

ministrations, as many of the old numbers of the “Dublin University

Magazine” can bear witness. For several years he continued to contribute

to this and other periodicals, and it need hardly be said that his

contributions even then gave promise of the literary and administrative

abilities which have brought the Rev. Dr. Mathews’ name so prominently

before the denomination of which he is a minister. At length, in 1868,

while on a visit to the United States, the U. P. minister at Stranraer

received a call to one of the city charges in New York. In the following

year he reluctantly gave up his charge in Scotland, and to the universal

regret of his people and fellow townsmen, set sail for America. Nor did

the feeling in his favour fail to show itself in a tangible form. A

beautiful testimonial was presented by the community to the retiring

pastor with many and valuable accompanying presents. Shortly after his

arrival in New York, Dr. Mathews undertook the editorship of “The

Christian Worker,” a monthly magazine devoted mainly to religious

topics. This duty he performed in addition to his pastoral work. Under

his management the periodical rose into favour until at length its

circulation brought the editor into prominence all over the continent.

The editor of the “Worker” also took an active part in all church

affairs, expressing an influence in the church courts and on church

problems which has always been respected. As an evidence of this growing

influence, in 1873, when the proposal was mooted by Rev. Dr. McCosh, of

Princeton, and Rev. Dr. Schaff, that the various Presbyterian Churches

throughout the world should come into close relationship with one

another, Dr. Mathews was chosen secretary of the first committee formed

for the carrying out of definite plans to promote such brotherly

alliance. Two years later, he was sent to London by the Presbyterian

Church in the Northern States as one of its commissioners to confer with

the representatives from other Churches as to the feasibility of a union

of Presbyterianism throughout the world. This was the origin of the

Presbyterian Alliance, which has since become a household word in the

Presbyterian church. The first important conference was held in London,

England, where it was agreed to form an “Alliance of the Reformed

Churches holding the Presbyterian system,” and at the first meeting of

this new association of Presbyterians, Dr. Mathews was appointed

American secretary—a position which he has held for many years, and

which through his energy and administrative skill has become one of the

most influential in the Presbyterian church of to-day. While performing

the duties of this office, Dr. Mathews has been engaged from time to

time in preparing many new and reliable tables of statistics together

with a series of concise and tabular sketches of the Presbyterian

Churches of the world. In 1879 he became associate editor of the

_Catholic Presbyterian_, the organ of the Alliance, and a periodical of

the highest literary dignity and style. At the meeting of the Alliance

in 1884, at Belfast, he was further appointed by its general council to

edit the record of its proceedings, filling a volume of no less than

seven hundred pages. Included within this volume, there is to be found a

very valuable and exhaustive statistical report, or rather series of

reports, compiled by the painstaking secretary, a work for which he has

received the highest commendation from his brethren and others who have

carefully examined it. As the fruit of prolonged labour and original

enquiry, it carries within it information of the most interesting kind,

not only to Presbyterians but to all Protestant churches. In recognition

of Dr. Mathews’ great services to the Presbyterian cause, and the

prominent position he had attained to in church affairs, the Western

University of Pennsylvania conferred upon him the degree of Doctor of

Divinity. At the present writing, the secretary of the Pan-Presbyterian

Council is pastor of Chalmers Church, Quebec. Some years ago he was

chosen one of the governors of Morrin College, being at the same time

professor of systematic theology in that institution. Since 1883 he has

also taken charge of the classes in moral philosophy. In ordinary

educational affairs he has always taken a deep interest, having been for

years a member of the Council of Public Instruction for the Province of

Quebec. As with many other men of business habits, Rev. Dr. Mathews has

a favourite recreation. His is in numismatic research, and possessing a

very valuable collection of coins: he published, in 1876, a volume on

the “Coinages of the World,” which has had a large circulation. He was

married, in 1856, to Maria F. Irvine, of Dublin, by whom he has had a

family of two sons and a daughter, all of whom survive their mother, who

died in 1880.

* * * * *

=Bentley, Hon. George Whitefield Wheelock=, Kensington, Commissioner of

Public Works for Prince Edward Island, was born at Margate, Prince

county, P.E.I., on the 21st December, 1842. He is the youngest son of

Thomas Bentley and Hannah Smith. His father, Mr. Bentley, sen.,

emigrated from Yorkshire, England, to Prince Edward Island, in 1817; and

his mother, Hannah Smith, came to the same island in 1800 with her

parents, she having been born on the passage out from England. The

father of this lady was the youngest son of a family of twenty-two

children. The Bentley family first settled in Cavendish, one of the

oldest settlements on the island, and afterwards removed to Prince

county, and took up their abode at a place they named Margate, after the

celebrated watering-place in England. George, the subject of our sketch,

received an ordinary English education in his native place. After

leaving school he devoted himself to agricultural pursuits, and in 1874

removed to Kensington, his present residence, where he has since carried

on business as a merchant and as a farmer. In 1879 he was elected to the

House of Assembly of P.E.I., by the electors of the 4th electoral

district of Prince county; again at the general election in 1882, and

again in 1886, he was each time returned at the head of the poll. In

January, 1887, he was appointed a member of the Executive Council, and

in the following month was chosen commissioner of Public Works. This

appointment necessitated another appeal to the electors, and he was

again returned in spite of determined opposition. Mr. Bentley has been a

life-long advocate of temperance, and has for the last twenty-five years

been connected with the order of the Sons of Temperance. He has held the

office of grand worthy patriarch of the Grand Division of Prince Edward

Island, and is now a member of the National Division of the Sons of

Temperance of North America. He has travelled through all the provinces

of British North America, and many of the states of the neighbouring

republic. Politically Mr. Bentley belongs to the ranks of the

Conservative party; and in religious matters he is an adherent of the

Methodist church. On the 9th February, 1870, he was married to Emma

Jane, daughter of William Dennis, of Margate, P.E.I.

* * * * *

=Jack, William Brydone=, M.A., D.C.L. The deceased Dr. William Brydone

Jack was born in the parish of Tinwald, Dumfriesshire, Scotland, on the

23rd November, 1819. He received his elementary education at the schools

of the parish, and was afterwards sent to the academy of Hutton Hall,

Caerlaverock, where he was prepared for entering college. In 1835 he

went to St. Andrews, and became a student in the United College of St.

Salvador and St. Leonard’s. During his course he was distinguished for

proficiency in mathematics and physics, carrying off the highest prizes

in these departments of study. Shortly after graduating with the degree

of M.A. in 1840, he was offered the professorship of physics in the

Manchester New College, in succession to the celebrated Dr. Dalton, and

about the same time the position of professorship of mathematics,

natural philosophy and astronomy in King’s College, Fredericton (now the

University of New Brunswick), was tendered to his acceptance. Sir David

Brewster, who was then principal of the college at St. Andrews, and with

whom Dr. Jack had been a favourite pupil, thought that the duties and

responsibilities of the situation at Manchester would, at the first

outset in life, be rather hazardous and trying for one so young and

inexperienced. Accordingly, in deference to Sir David’s advice and that

of other friends, Dr. Jack accepted the professorship in New Brunswick,

and assumed its duties in September, 1840. As King’s College was at

first under the management of the Church of England, it failed to

command the confidence and sympathy of the general public, and

consequently it was never so prosperous as it should have been. Many and

violent attacks were therefore made upon it both in and out of the

legislature, till after much worry and struggle it was, in 1860,

re-modelled and named the University of New Brunswick, over which all

denominations were admitted to an equal control. In 1861 Dr. Jack was

appointed president of the university, and for many years he laboured

and laboured successfully in bringing the college into repute, and

securing the general acceptance and confidence of the public. He spent

his vacations largely in travelling about the province, and by public

addresses making the college known and the benefits of the higher

education appreciated. On the inauguration of the Free School system he

was made, _ex-officio_, a member of the Board of Education. In 1885,

after a service of forty-five years as professor and president, failing

health induced him to resign his appointments, and seek the ease and

quiet of private life. In 1886 the government was pleased to appoint him

a member of the Senate of the University, in whose progress and

prosperity he continued to take the warmest interest. Dr. Jack was

always a devoted student of astronomy, and after the establishment of

lines of telegraph communication, he was among the first to make use of

them, determining distances of longitude. By connection with Harvard

Observatory, Mass., the true longitude of Fredericton was ascertained.

Taking Fredericton as the starting point, he obtained, at the instance

and expense of the local government, the longitude of St. John, and

afterwards of some places on the boundary survey of the province. The

determinations were of service to Sir William Logan in the construction

of his geological map of Canada. Dr. Jack died at Fredericton, New

Brunswick, on the 23rd day of November, 1886, on his sixty-sixth

birthday.

* * * * *

=Cowperthwaite, Rev. Humphrey Pickard=, A.M., Pastor of the Queen Square

Methodist Church, St. John, New Brunswick, was born in Sheffield, New

Brunswick, on the 30th of November, 1838. His father was Hugh

Cowperthwaite, and his mother, Elizabeth Ann Hunter; she was of Scotch

descent. His grandfather, on his father’s side, was a United Empire

loyalist, and came from New Jersey in 1783. His great-grandfather was an

officer in the British army, during the American revolutionary war of

independence. Humphrey received his education in the parish school, and

afterwards at Sackville College, where he graduated in arts in 1867. He

adopted the clerical profession, and is now an active minister of the

Methodist church, in connection with the New Brunswick and Prince Edward

Island conference. For several years he was chairman of the Prince

Edward Island district, and secretary of the conference for two terms.

On two occasions he visited the province of Ontario, on matters

connected with his church, and attended as a delegate the conferences

which met at Hamilton and Belleville a few years ago. On the 19th of

July, 1867, he was married to Annie S. Buchanan, of Glasgow, Scotland,

youngest daughter of W. M. Buchanan, editor of the “Practical Mechanics’

and Engineers’ Magazine,” and for some time lecturer on geology in the

Glasgow University.

* * * * *

=Lachapelle, Emmanuel Persillier=, M.D., Montreal, was born on the 21st

December, 1845, at Sault-au-Récollet, province of Quebec. His parents

were Pierre Persillier-Lachapelle, and Marie Zoé Toupin. Dr. Lachapelle

received a classical education at the Montreal College, and took a

course in medicine and surgery at the Montreal Medical and Surgical

School, and after passing very brilliantly his examination, was admitted

to the practice of medicine in 1869. In 1872 he was appointed surgeon to

the 65th battalion, and held that position until 1886. In 1876 he was

elected, and is still, a governor and treasurer of the College of

Physicians and Surgeons of the province of Quebec; and in 1885, during

the small-pox epidemic, he took a leading part in the working of the

Central Board of Health, and was appointed president of the first

Provincial Board of Health recently organised. Dr. Lachapelle was the

promoter and one of the founders of Notre Dame Hospital, one of the most

useful charitable institutions of Montreal to-day. In 1884, wishing to

free the hospital from debt, he, together with friends and the board of

management, organized a grand _kermesse_ which netted about $15,000 in

one week. When the establishment of the branch of Laval University in

Montreal was decided upon, he became one of its most ardent supporters

and contributed in a great measure to its formation. He was elected

general president of the Saint Jean Baptiste Society in 1876. As a

journalist, Dr. Lachapelle is favourably known, having been the

proprietor and editor of _L’Union Médicale_ from 1876 to 1882. He is

doctor in medicine of Laval and Victoria Universities, secretary of the

Medical Faculty of Laval University, professor of general Pathology and

Medical Jurisprudence, and an associate member of the “Société Française

d’Hygiène,” Paris. He commenced practising in Montreal in 1869, and took

a foremost rank in the galaxy of young men who about that time were

entering on their professional life, and have since risen to high

positions in Canadian society. Dr. Lachapelle enjoys the confidence of

the general public, and through his genial disposition, has made a host

of friends. He has been closely identified with all the scientific,

national and political movements of the day, and his influence and

advice have great weight and are highly appreciated.

* * * * *

=Allen, Hon. John C.=, Fredericton, Chief Justice of New Brunswick, was

born in the parish of Kingsclear, county of York, N.B., on the first of

October, 1817. His grandfather, Isaac Allen, was a United Empire

loyalist, and resided in Trenton, New Jersey, where he practised law.

During the revolutionary war, which broke out in 1776, he was appointed

lieutenant-colonel of the second battalion of New Jersey Volunteers, one

of the provincial regiments raised during the war. At the peace in 1783,

he settled in Nova Scotia, and when the province of New Brunswick was

established, he was appointed one of the judges of the Supreme Court, a

position he held until his death, in October, 1806. His wife was Sarah

Campbell, of Philadelphia. His son, the father of the present chief

justice, was John Allen, formerly a captain in the New Brunswick

Fencibles, a corps raised in New Brunswick during the war of 1812, and

commanded by General John Coffin. This regiment was disbanded in 1817,

and Captain Allen was subsequently appointed lieutenant-colonel and

inspecting field officer of the militia of New Brunswick, and when that

office was abolished, was appointed quarter-master-general of the

militia. He represented the county of York in the House of Assembly from

1809 to 1847. He died in April, 1875, aged ninety-one years, and his

wife died in 1822. Chief Justice Allen was educated at the Fredericton

Grammar School; studied law with the Hon. John Simcoe Saunders, son of

the then chief justice in Fredericton; was admitted as an attorney in

October, 1838; and to the bar in Michaelmas term, 1840. In 1845 he was

appointed one of the commissioners for settling the claims to lands,

under the fourth article of the treaty of Washington, 1842. While the

boundary between the province of New Brunswick and the United States was

in dispute, the portion of the country known as “the disputed

territory,” extending from near the Grand Falls of the river St. John to

the head of the river, and including the whole Madawaska settlement on

both sides of the river, was being occupied by settlers, principally

Acadian French, who held by possession only, the government refusing to

make any grants of the land. By the treaty, the channel of the river,

from a point about three miles above the Grand Falls to the mouth of the

river St. Francis, a tributary of the St. John, about seventy miles

above the falls, was fixed as the boundary between the two countries,

and the fourth article of the treaty provided that all equitable

possessory claims, arising from a possession and improvement of any land

for more than six years before the date of the treaty, should be deemed

valid, and be confirmed to the persons so in possession. The commission

was appointed to investigate and settle the claims of the persons in

possession of that portion of the lands in dispute, which fell within

the dominion of Great Britain. During the years 1845 and 1847, they

heard and determined the claims of all the settlers between the Grand

Falls and the St. Francis, and grants of the lands were afterwards

issued by the government to the respective parties, in accordance with

the report of the commissioners. The other commissioner was the late

James A. Maclauchlan, who was formerly an officer in the 104th regiment,

and served in Canada between 1813-15, and who had for many years acted

as warden of the disputed territory, by appointment of the British

government, for the purpose of preventing the cutting of timber upon it.

The most valuable part of the “disputed territory,” the fertile valley

of the Aroostook, was awarded to the United States by the treaty. Hon.

Mr. Allen was appointed clerk of the Executive Council of New Brunswick

in November, 1851, and held that office till January, 1856, when he

resigned it, and in February following was elected a member of the House

of Assembly for York county. In May following, was appointed

solicitor-general, which position he held until May, 1857, when the

government resigned, having been defeated at the general election of

that year. In 1852 was elected mayor of Fredericton and continued to

hold the office till 1855, when he resigned. In 1860 he was offered the

position of Queen’s counsel, but declined. He was speaker of the New

Brunswick Assembly from 1862 until that house was dissolved, in 1865,

for the purpose of ascertaining the opinion of the people upon the

question of confederation, as agreed upon by the delegates assembled at

Quebec, in September previous. Having been again elected as a

representative opposed to confederation, in April, 1865, he was

appointed attorney-general, which office he held until the 21st

September following. In June of that year he was sent by the Provincial

government, with the Hon. Albert J. Smith (afterwards Sir Albert), as a

delegate to the British government, for the purpose of urging the

objections of New Brunswick to the confederation of the provinces. Soon

after his return from England, on the 21st of September, 1865, he was

appointed a puisné judge of the Supreme Court of New Brunswick, a

vacancy having been caused by the resignation of Sir James Carter, and

on the 8th of October, 1875, he was made chief justice of New Brunswick,

as successor to the Hon. William Johnston Ritchie, who at that time was

appointed a puisné judge of the Supreme Court of Canada. On the 8th of

October, 1866, he was appointed vice-president of the Court of Governor

and Council, for determining suits relating to marriage and divorce. By

an act of the Legislative Assembly, passed in 1791, a court was

constituted, consisting of the lieutenant-governor of the province and

his Majesty’s council, for the determination of suits and questions

concerning marriage and divorce and alimony, the governor to be

president of the court. The governor was also authorized to appoint the

chief justice, or one of the judges of the Supreme Court, or the Master

of the Rolls, to be vice-president of the court, and to act in his

place. In 1860, a new court for the trial of matrimonial causes was

created by the Act 23 Vic., c. 37, and all suits pending in the court

before the Governor and Council, except those in which evidence had been

examined, which were to be proceeded with as before, were transferred to

the new court. Justice Neville Parker was appointed the judge under this

act, and we therefore presume Mr. Allen’s appointment as vice-president

of the Court of Governor and Council was for the purpose of hearing some

case commenced under the old law, in which evidence had been examined;

but, so far as we can learn, he has never acted under his commission. In

June, 1878, he was appointed, in the place of the late Governor Wilmot,

one of the arbitrators for settling the North-West boundary of the

province of Ontario. The other arbitrators were Sir Edward Thornton, the

British Minister at Washington, and Chief Justice Harrison, of Ontario.

The time appointed for the meeting of the arbitrators having been fixed

for the early part of July, and difficulties existing in the way of a

postponement, Chief Justice Allen was obliged to resign the appointment,

as his judicial duties prevented him from attending to it, the trial of

the Osborne family for the alleged murder of Timothy McCarthy, coming on

at the Circuit Court then about to open, at which he was to preside.

Among the most notable criminal cases which Chief Justice Allen has

tried may be mentioned that of John A. Munroe, in 1869, for the murder

of Sarah Margaret Vail and her child, at St. John; and in 1875, of a

number of persons at Bathurst, in the county of Gloucester, who

participated in the Carraquet riots, which originated in resisting the

enforcement of the Common Schools Act; also that of Chasson and ten

others, for the murder of one Gifford, who had aided the sheriff’s

officers in arresting the Carraquet rioters mentioned above. He also

tried the Osborne family twice for the alleged murder of Timothy

McCarthy, at Shediac, in the county of Westmoreland. The first trial, in

July and August, 1878, occupied six weeks. The jury having disagreed,

the prisoners were again tried in November and December of the same

year, the trial occupying nearly six weeks, and, as before, the jury

failed to agree. In 1847 Hon. Mr. Allen published a book of the Rules of

the Supreme Court of New Brunswick, and the Acts of Assembly relating to

the practice of the courts. He has also rendered much valuable service

to the legal profession, in the compilation and publication of six

volumes of law reports, embodying the decisions of the court extending

over a number of years. In his younger days the Chief Justice took an

active interest in the militia of the province. About the year 1835 he

joined a volunteer company of artillery, in Fredericton. In 1838 the

several companies of artillery in the province, viz., at Fredericton,

St. John, St. Andrews, and St. Stephens, were formed into a regiment

called “The New Brunswick Regiment of Artillery,” under the command of

Lieutenant-Colonel Richard Hayne, formerly of the Royal artillery, and

in 1838 Mr. Allen was appointed second lieutenant in the regiment;

afterwards first lieutenant and adjutant, and captain, in July, 1841.

The militia law having been materially altered in 1865, he has not since

that had any active connection with the force. In 1844 he was appointed

Provincial _aide-de-camp_ to Sir William Colbrooke, the

lieutenant-governor of the province, and continued so till he resigned

the government, in 1848. In 1882 the honorary degree of LL.D. was

conferred on Chief Justice Allen by the University of New Brunswick.

Chief Justice Allen is a member of the Church of England, and for nearly

forty years has been a member of the church corporation in Fredericton.

He has also held the position of churchwarden in the parish church for

over twenty-five years, and on several occasions has been elected

delegate to the provincial synod at Montreal. In 1845 he married

Margaret A. Drury, daughter of the late Captain Charles Drury, 29th

Regiment of foot, who died at St. John in 1835. He has five children

living—William, Thomas Carleton (the prothonotary of the Supreme

Court), Edmund H., George W., and Henry.

* * * * *

=Chapman, Robert Andrew=, Dorchester, New Brunswick, was born in

Dorchester, county of Westmoreland, New Brunswick, on the 2nd of

February, 1835, where he has resided ever since. His father was Robert

B. Chapman, and his mother, Margaret Weldon. Both Mr. Chapman’s

great-grandfather and grandfather emigrated from Yorkshire, England, in

1775, and both represented the county of Westmoreland in the New

Brunswick legislature. The wife of the latter was Sarah Black, sister to

William Black, commonly known as “Bishop Black,” the father of Methodism

in the Maritime provinces. Margaret Weldon’s grandfather on the paternal

side, came to America from North Allerton, Yorkshire, in 1770, and her

ancestors on the maternal side—the Killams—were United Empire

loyalists. Robert A. Chapman received his primary education in the

public schools, and afterwards studied under an Irish teacher, who was

noted as a mathematician. When he grew up to manhood, he adopted

mechanical pursuits, went largely into ship building, and from 1860 to

1878 built upwards of thirty vessels, principally barques and ships,

varying from 600 to 1,500 tons burthen. Mr. Chapman holds a captain’s

commission in the reserve militia. He has been a justice of the peace

for a long time; and was high sheriff of the county of Westmoreland from

1879 to 1886. On the organization of the municipal council for

Westmoreland county, he was, along with Hon. P. A. Landry, elected a

member by acclamation for Dorchester parish, and continued to sit in

this body until he was made high sheriff; and again, in 1886, he was

elected to this council. He was an unsuccessful candidate in his county

for a seat in the New Brunswick legislature in 1872; and again in 1878,

against Sir A. J. Smith, for a seat in the House of Commons, at Ottawa.

On both occasions, however, he polled a large vote. In politics, Mr.

Chapman is a Conservative; and in religion, is an adherent of the

Methodist church. He was married on the 18th of October, 1859, to Mary

E. Frost, daughter of Stephen Frost, late of Chatham, New Brunswick.

* * * * *

=Steele, Rev. D. A.=, A.M., Baptist Minister, Amherst, Nova Scotia, was

born in the village of Barewood, Herefordshire, England, on the 17th

September, 1838, and came to America in 1845. His ancestry on the

paternal side came from Annandale, Scotland. He was educated at Acadia

College, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, from which institution he graduated

with the degree of A.M. He was ordained to the ministry there, on the

20th June, 1865. He took charge of the Baptist Church in Canso for two

years; and then, in 1867, removed to Amherst and took the pastorate of

the church which had for many years been presided over by the late Rev.

Charles Tupper, D.D., father of Sir Charles Tupper, finance minister of

Canada. The Rev. Mr. Steele was one of the promoters of the independent

foreign missions of the Baptist church in the Maritime provinces, and is

a member of the Foreign Mission Board. He is a member of the Senate of

Acadia College, and also chairman of the Board of School Commissioners

for Cumberland county. Rev. Mr. Steele has been an active worker ever

since he assumed the pastoral office, and has left his mark for good on

his adopted county. In 1865 he was married to Sarah Hart, the only

surviving daughter of Spinney Whitman, whose ancestors came from New

England to Annapolis on the expulsion of the Acadians.

* * * * *

=Flint, Thomas Barnard=, M.A., LL.B., Yarmouth, Barrister, and Assistant

Clerk to the House of Assembly of Nova Scotia, was born on the 28th

April, 1847, at Yarmouth, N.S. His parents were John Flint and Ann S.

Barnard, who were married in 1834, and were respectively descended from

Thomas Flint, of Marblehead, Massachusetts, and of Benjamin Barnard, of

Salem, in the same state. Thomas Flint, the ancestor of all the family

of that name in the western portion of Nova Scotia, came to Yarmouth, in

1771, and his descendants are very numerous in that part of the country.

Benjamin Barnard, of Salem, came to the same part of Nova Scotia, in

1770, and although his descendants in Yarmouth are numerous, yet the

family name has completely died out. It is however perpetuated in the

names of Barnard street and Barnard lane in the town of Yarmouth. Both

these families were, of course, thoroughly identified with the history

of Yarmouth town and county, which were mainly settled from New England,

and which still retain many of the New England characteristics. Thomas

B. Flint, the subject of our sketch, received his early education at

Yarmouth, and subsequently went to Wesley College, Sackville, New

Brunswick, where he took the degree of B.A. in 1867; and of M.A. in

1875; and in the same year he carried off the “Moore” prize for the best

essay on “John Milton.” He also took a course at the Harvard Law School,

Cambridge, Massachusetts, in 1872, and received the degree of LL.B. from

that university. He adopted law as a profession, and studied in the

office of Senator (now ex-judge) Ritchie, and on being admitted to the

bar he began the practice of his profession in 1872. For years Mr. Flint

has taken an active interest in educational matters, and in the

temperance reform movement. For a long period he held office as a school

trustee, and was secretary of the High School committee several years.

He is a member and secretary of the Board of Governors of the Yarmouth

Seminary. He was appointed high sheriff of the county of Yarmouth in the

autumn of 1883, but resigned the same at the end of the year 1886. At

the opening of the session of 1887 he was elected assistant clerk of the

House of Assembly of Nova Scotia, in the place of the late assistant

clerk, who was promoted to the chief clerkship. Mr. Flint, a Liberal and

anti-Confederate in politics, was defeated as a candidate for the local

legislature in 1873, when he contested the county against a former

representative, who was declared returned by a majority of two votes.

Although the return was contested by Mr. Flint, his opponent was

confirmed in his seat. He was also a candidate for the House of Commons

in 1878, in opposition to Frank Killam. Mr. Killam was elected by a

substantial majority. As both gentlemen were supporters of the Liberal

party, merely personal and local issues were involved in the contest. He

was again a candidate for the local legislature in 1882 on the Liberal

ticket, but was unsuccessful, having been defeated by a small majority.

Mr. Flint was for many years engaged in shipbuilding; the management of

shipping and various public enterprises; a stockholder in the Western

Counties Railway Company, and other corporations. He is prominent in the

Masonic fraternity, and is a past master of Scotia lodge, No. 31,

R.N.S.; past district deputy grand master of District No. 3, and

secretary of Scotia lodge. Since 1872 he has taken an active part, in

the Liberal interest, in political discussions through the press and on

the platform, particularly on occasions of general elections, and

assisted in obtaining the Liberal repeal victory in Yarmouth county in

February, 1887, when, however, the province generally returned a

majority of representatives in opposition to the further continuance of

the repeal agitation. He married, on October 14th, 1874, Mary Ella,

daughter of Thomas B. Dane, of Yarmouth, who was also a descendant of a

New England family that settled in Yarmouth county in 1789.

* * * * *

=Wickwire, William Nathan=, M.D., Halifax, Nova Scotia, was born at

Cornwallis, Kings county, N.S., on the 18th November, 1839. His parents

were Peter and Eliza Wickwire. Dr. Wickwire received his education,

chiefly at Horton Academy and Acadia College, Wolfville, N.S., and

graduated at the latter in 1860, taking the degree of B.A. In 1863

Acadia College also conferred upon him the degree of M.A. He studied

medicine at the University of Edinburgh, Scotland, from 1860 to 1864,

and there received the degree of M.D. In the autumn of 1864 he formed a

medical co-partnership with Dr. Tupper (now Sir Charles), at Halifax,

which partnership existed till Dr. Tupper took up his residence at

Ottawa, in 1870. For several years he was surgeon to a volunteer

company; from 1867 to 1872 he held the office of assistant inspecting

physician for the port of Halifax, and since that date to the present

time has held the position of inspecting physician for the same port.

For several years the doctor has been vice-consul for the Netherlands at

Halifax. He enjoys a good practice. In politics Dr. Wickwire is a

Liberal-Conservative; and in religion an adherent of the Episcopal

church. He was married in 1870 to Margaret Louisa, daughter of the late

Hon. Alexander Keith, of Halifax.

* * * * *

=Mathieu, Hon. Michel=, Judge of the Superior Court, Montreal, was born

at Sorel, Richelieu county, on the 20th December, 1838, from the union

of Joseph Mathieu, farmer, and justice of the peace, residing at Sorel,

and Edwidge Vandal. Mr. Mathieu the elder was a farmer of little means,

but had his son educated under the care of the Rev. Messire Augustin

Lemay, formerly curé of the parish of Ste. Victoire (which was founded

by the dismemberment of the old parish of St. Pierre de Sorel), where

Mr. Mathieu had resided. His ancestors were of an ancient French family.

The subject of our sketch completed his course of classical studies at

the college of St. Hyacinthe. Leaving that institution in 1860, he

matriculated, and was admitted to the study of the profession of a

notary in the office of Jean George Crébassa, notary public, of the town

of Sorel, and was admitted to practice on the 20th of January, 1864. In

1861 he had been also admitted to the study of law. He practised as a

notary for a year, when he was admitted to the bar of the province of

Quebec, and abandoned his former profession to engage exclusively in law

practice. On the 11th of June, 1866, he was appointed sheriff of the

district of Richelieu, in the place of Pierre Rémi Chevalier, who had

resigned in his favour, and held that position until the 14th of August,

1872. The entrance of Mr. Mathieu into political life dates from that

period, when he entered the lists and was elected to the House of

Commons over his opponent, George Isidore Barthe, who, in turn, defeated

him in 1874. In the following year he was elected by acclamation member

of the Legislative Assembly of the province of Quebec for Richelieu

county; and again, on the 1st of May, 1878, by a majority of 186 over

Pierre Bergeron, a physician of St. Aimé. Mr. Mathieu always wielded a

powerful influence in his county, and was mainly instrumental in

securing the election of L. H. Massue to the House of Commons at Ottawa

in the election of the 1st of September, 1878. In politics he is a

Conservative, and has always been a faithful adherent and a strong

supporter of the late Sir George Etienne Cartier and Sir John A.

Macdonald. On the 11th of October, 1880, he was made a Queen’s counsel,

and on 3rd October, 1881, he accepted the position of justice of the

Superior Court of the province of Quebec, and removed to Montreal, where

he resides at the present time. Until his elevation to the judicial

bench, he was one of the directors of the Montreal, Portland and Boston

and of the South-Eastern Railway Companies. He also published _La Revue

Légale_ for many years. Of undaunted energy, and possessed of sterling

capacities, Hon. Mr. Mathieu always took a deep interest in the

advancement of his native town, and occupied its civic chair during

seven years, from 1875 to 1881. He was also one of the founders of the

College of Sorel. As a private citizen he is esteemed for his affability

and kindness of manners to all who require his advice, or have business

to transact with him, and his courteousness has made him hosts of

friends everywhere. Justice Mathieu was twice married—the first time,

on the 22nd of June, 1863, to Marie Rose Délima Thirza, a daughter of

the late Captain St. Louis, of Sorel; she died on the 23rd of March,

1870. By his first marriage he has three children, one son and two

daughters, living. On the 30th October, 1881, he married Marie Amélie

Antoinette, a daughter of the Hon. David Armstrong, member of the

Legislative Council of the province of Quebec, and of Léocadie de Ligny.

The fruit of his second union was one son, living. Madame Mathieu’s name

is always to be found among the charity workers of the city of Montreal,

and she is blessed by the poor.

* * * * *

=Johnston, Hon. James William=, Judge in Equity, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia.

The late Judge Johnston was by descent a Scotchman, and by birth a West

Indian. His grandfather, Dr. Lewis Johnston, was born in Scotland, and

claimed to be entitled to the now long dormant title of Marquis of

Annandale, but never pressed his claim in the courts. He married Laleah

Peyton, a lady of Huguenot descent, and settled in Savannah, Georgia,

then a British colony, where he owned an estate called Annandale.

Previous to the rebellion, Dr. Johnston filled the office of president

of the council and treasurer of the colony of Georgia. On the breaking

out of the revolutionary war his sons all entered the British army and

fought on the side of the king. His eldest son, William Martin Johnston,

the father of Judge Johnston, held the rank of captain of the New York

volunteers in the year 1775. He was engaged in the defence of Savannah,

was at the capture of Fort Montgomery on the Hudson, and took part in

various other engagements during the war. At its close Dr. Johnston

returned to Scotland, and Captain Johnston, who had lost all his

property in consequence of espousing the cause of Britain, studied

medicine, and graduated in the University of Edinburgh. He married

Elizabeth Lichtenstein, the only daughter of Captain John Lichtenstein,

of the noble and ancient Austrian family of that name. Captain Johnston

subsequently removed to Kingston in the island of Jamaica, where his son

James was born on the 29th of August, 1792. He was early sent to

Scotland for his education, and was placed under the care of the late

Rev. Dr. Duncan, of Ruthwell. The family afterwards settled permanently

in Nova Scotia. James William Johnston studied law in Annapolis in the

office of Thomas Ritchie, afterwards one of the judges of the Common

Pleas, and was admitted to the bar in 1815. He commenced the practice of

his profession in Kentville, the shire town of Kings county, but shortly

after removed to Halifax and entered into partnership with Simon

Bradstreet Robie, at that time the leading practitioner in the province.

Mr. Johnston rose rapidly in his profession, and soon attained the

highest rank, which he continued to hold unchallenged until his

elevation to the bench of the Supreme Court. In cross-examination he

displayed peculiar tact and skill, extracting from the most reluctant

and perverse witness the minutest facts within his knowledge. Among the

intellectual features that marked his professional career may be noted a

strong and comprehensive grasp, a memory that seemed ever obedient to

his will, together with a rapidity of perception, that gave wonderful

readiness at repartee, seizing like lightning on the mistakes or unwise

or weak arguments of an opponent, and turning them to the disadvantage

of the opposite side, and to the manifest advantage of his own. This

mental superiority, aided as it was by untiring perseverance and

industry, was alone sufficient to win the highest honours of the bar.

Few, if any, of Mr. Johnston’s forensic efforts have been preserved; but

in cases where the battle was to be fought against wrong and oppression,

he was especially powerful; rising to the occasion his bursts of

impassioned eloquence swept with the force of a tornado carrying all

before it. In the year 1835 Mr. Johnston was appointed solicitor-general

of the province, which office was then non-political; but in the year

1838, at the earnest solicitation of Sir Colin Campbell, then

lieutenant-governor of Nova Scotia, he entered the Legislative Council

and commenced his political life, and at once became the acknowledged

leader of the Conservative party. On the elevation of the Hon. S. G. W.

Archibald to the Court of Chancery as master of the rolls in 1843, Mr.

Johnston was appointed attorney-general, and at the general election

held in that year, resigned his seat in the Legislative Council, and

stood for the important county of Annapolis, for which he was returned

by a large majority, and which constituency he continued uninterruptedly

to represent in the House of Assembly until 1863, when he took his seat

on the bench. One of the first acts he placed on the statute book was

the Simultaneous Polling Act, which provided for the holding of

elections throughout the province on one and the same day, instead of

being as theretofore held at different times, and the polls moved round

in different places in each constituency, entailing large additional

expense and much loss of time. He also successfully advocated the

introduction of denominational colleges, and their partial endowment by

the state. Hon. Mr. Johnston was one of the delegates selected to meet

Lord Durham, the high commissioner for settling the difficulties in

Canada, and to confer with him on the contemplated changes in colonial

government. Hon. Mr. Johnston might justly have claimed the honour of

being the first statesman who in the halls of legislature advocated the

union or confederation of the North American colonies. In the year 1854,

on the floor of the Nova Scotia House of Assembly, in a speech which for

breadth of conception, deep research, fervent patriotism, and glowing

eloquence, has rarely been equalled, and which by many has been

considered his greatest effort, Hon. Mr. Johnston moved:—

That the union of the British North American provinces on just

principles, while calculated to perpetuate their connection with

the parent state, would promote their advancement and

prosperity, increase their strength and influence, and elevate

their position.

And though before the union was consummated he had retired from public

life, and was therefore in no way responsible for the details of the

scheme, yet his advocacy of the measure on its broad basis tended in no

slight degree to create and educate public opinion, and smoothed the way

for those who eventually succeeded in effecting the important change in

the constitution he was the first to advocate. In the year 1857 Hon. Mr.

Johnston, then attorney-general and leader of the government, pursuant

to a resolution passed in the House of Assembly, proceeded to England to

adjust the differences that for years existed between the province and

the General Mining Association, who, as assignees of the Duke of York,

to whom they had been granted, claimed the exclusive right to the mines

and minerals of Nova Scotia, and who, by virtue thereof, possessed a

practical monopoly of the coal trade. After a protracted negotiation, a

compromise was effected and an agreement entered into by which the

General Mining Association ceded to the government all their right and

title to, and over, all the unworked mines and minerals. Thus was a

grievance of long standing amicably settled, and their right to the

great wealth hidden in the bowels of the earth secured to the people of

Nova Scotia. In the year 1863, after a labourious and active

professional life, and a somewhat turbulent political career, Hon. Mr.

Johnston accepted a seat on the bench as judge in Equity and judge of

the Supreme Court. The duties of his office were discharged with

assiduity and the strictest integrity, and his decisions were received

by the bar as clear, logical, and exhaustive expositions of the law. In

the summer of 1872, Hon. Mr. Johnston obtained leave of absence, and

proceeded to the south of France in the hopes that a milder and more

genial climate might remove a bronchial affection from which he was

suffering, but the beneficial results anticipated did not follow. He was

offered in the following year the lieutenant-governorship of his adopted

country, vacant by the demise of the late Hon. Joseph Howe, but this

position the state of his health compelled him to decline. Early in life

Mr. Johnston connected himself with the Baptist Church, and to the end

continued a member of that communion. For years he devoted his time,

energies and talents to the advancement of that body, socially,

politically and educationally. The Baptist Academy at Wolfville, as well

as Acadia College, owe their existence in a large measure to his

personal labours, influence, and untiring exertions both in parliament

and out. Of the latter institution he was one of the first governors,

and continued to hold the office uninterruptedly, by repeated

re-elections, to the time of his death. He was several times elected

president of the Baptist Convention of the Maritime provinces, who, on

his leaving the country, marked their great appreciation of his

character and their sense of their lasting obligations to him by the

unanimous adoption of the following resolution:—

This convention, having learnt that the health of our esteemed

brother, Hon. Judge Johnston, a member of the Board of Governors

of Acadia College, has induced him to seek a residence in

Europe, _Therefore resolve_ that we take this opportunity to

tender to him the tribute which his high character, and long

continued and important services in the cause of education seem

to demand, by thus recording the sense we entertain of the value

of those services, his devoted and consecrated talents, and of

his great worth as a man, as a Christian gentleman, and

especially as a Christian legislator and judge, the influence

and grateful memory of which we trust will not be effaced; and

although at his advanced age it may almost seem to be hoping

against hope, yet this convention would still trust that a

perfect restoration to health and strength may yet, in the good

providence of God, return our valued brother, as well as his

excellent lady, to their former position and relations in this

country.

Hon. Mr. Johnston was twice married. His first wife was Amelia

Elizabeth, daughter of the late William James Almon, surgeon, who was

assistant surgeon to the Royal Artillery in New York, in June, 1776, and

Rebecca Byles, granddaughter of the Rev. Dr. Byles, of Boston,

Massachusetts. By her he had three sons, the eldest of whom is now the

judge of the County Court for the metropolitan city and county of

Halifax, and three daughters. Of these, two sons and one daughter are

alive. His second wife was Louise, widow of the late Captain Wentworth,

of the Royal Artillery, by whom he had one daughter and three sons; the

daughter and two sons are living. Mr. Johnston’s physicians advised that

his state of health would not permit of his return to Nova Scotia, and

he determined to pass the winter of 1873 at Cheltenham, England, where,

on the 21st day of November, in that year, at the ripe age of eighty-one

years, and in the full possession of his mental faculties, he died, full

of honours, leaving behind him a name untarnished, a character above

reproach, and a reputation as a statesman, jurist and judge worthy of

emulation by those who shall hereafter fill the places vacated by him.

* * * * *

=Macdonald, Charles John=, Post Office Inspector for the Province of

Nova Scotia, Halifax. Lieut.-Colonel Macdonald, the subject of this

sketch, is of Scotch descent, his father, the late Robert Macdonald,

having been a native of Dornoch, Sutherlandshire, Scotland, and for many

years a resident of Halifax. Charles was born at Halifax, Nova Scotia,

on the 4th April, 1841, and received his education at Dalhousie College.

He studied law in the office of the Hon. J. S. D. Thompson (now minister

of justice at Ottawa), and was called to the bar in 1872. In 1878 he

presented himself for parliamentary honours, and was returned a member

of the Nova Scotia legislature as representative of the city and county

of Halifax, and occupied the position of member of the Executive Council

in 1878 and 1879 without portfolio. Lieut.-Colonel Macdonald, commander

of the 66th battalion Princess Louise Fusiliers, served as major in the

Halifax Provincial battalion during the North-West rebellion, having had

under his command a detachment of one hundred and eighty men from the

63rd Rifles and Halifax Garrison Artillery. He occupied the position of

paymaster for the volunteers from 1872 to 1878; and has been an alderman

of the city of Halifax; president of the North British Society; deputy

grandmaster of the Grand Lodge of Freemasons; grand high priest of the

Grand Chapter, and representative of the Grand Lodge of Ohio. In 1879 he

was appointed to the office of inspector of post offices for the

province of Nova Scotia, and this position he still occupies. In

politics he leans towards Liberal-Conservatism, and in religion he is a

Presbyterian. The colonel has been twice married—first to Mary Tamson,

daughter of William Evans, and second to Annie, daughter of James

McLearn.

* * * * *

=Berryman, Daniel Edgar=, M.D. C.M., and A.R.S. (Edin.), is a native of

New Brunswick, having been born in the city of St. John, on the 16th of

August, 1848. His father, John Berryman, sen., was born in 1798, in the

parish of Castle Dowson, Antrim county, Ireland, where his ancestors,

who came from Devonshire, England, with the army of Oliver Cromwell,

settled in the seventeenth century. He emigrated to this country about

the year 1816, and settled in St. John, and died on the 2nd January,

1880. His wife, the mother of the subject of this sketch, whom he

married in February, 1826, was Maria Wade, grand-daughter of Colonel

Ansley. Her father was a merchant in St. John, and her mother came as a

child with her parents, who were U. E. loyalists when St. John was first

settled. The dates and particulars of the family history were destroyed

in the great fire of 1877. To this worthy couple were born a family of

thirteen children, eight sons and five daughters, and of those nine

still survive, and are filling important positions in various parts of

the world. Daniel E., who was the youngest son, was educated at the High

School of Edinburgh, under Drs. Bryce and Smidtz, and also at Acadia

College, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, where he attended the art classes. In

1868 he again went to Edinburgh, and entered the university of that city

as a medical student, and during the curriculum he took honours in

several classes, besides receiving a special honorary diploma from the

professor of midwifery and diseases of children (Simpson). Dr. Berryman

was then appointed house surgeon to the Royal Infirmary, and also acted

as private assistant for over a year to Sir Robert Christison, baronet,

D.C.L., professor of materia medica, Sir Robert having at that time been

physician to H.M. the Queen, for Scotland. He also acted as, and held

the position of, hospital surgeon and physician, assistant to Dr. Joseph

Bell, surgeon to the Eye and Ear Hospital, and was besides surgeon to

the Edinburgh Maternity Hospital for nine months, and Hospital for

Children, and held temporary appointments under Sir Joseph Lester and

Doctors Gillespie, Saunders, and John H. Bennett; and also occupied the

position of class assistant to Professor A. R. Simpson, professor of

midwifery and diseases of children. On his return to his native city he

began the practice of his profession, and has succeeded in building up a

lucrative business. In 1880 he was appointed police surgeon for the

city; in 1883 he was gazetted coroner; and in 1886 he was made a justice

of the peace. Outside the practice of his profession, Dr. Berryman has

devoted considerable time to other matters, and we find him occupying

the position of member of the Canada Medical Society; St. John Medical

Society; treasurer of the New Brunswick Medical Society; a provincial

Medical Examiner; a member of the executive of the Society for the

Prevention of Cruelty to Animals; the corresponding secretary of the St.

John Agricultural Society; a member of the St. John Historical Society;

a member of the order of Oddfellows, and a member of the Masonic

fraternity. The doctor is a Liberal in politics, being corresponding

secretary of the St. John Liberal Society, and in religious matters is

an adherent of the Baptist church.

* * * * *

=Bell, John Howatt=, M.A., Barrister, M.P.P. for the Fourth District of

Prince, Summerside, Prince Edward Island, was born at Cape Traverse,

Prince Edward Island, on the 13th December, 1846. His father, Walter

Bell, emigrated from Dumfries, Scotland, in 1820, and settled at Cape

Traverse. His mother was Elizabeth Howatt, daughter of Adam Howatt. Mr.

Bell received his education at the Prince of Wales College,

Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, and at Albert University,

Belleville, Ontario, at which latter institution he took the degrees of

B.A. and M.A. He studied law as a profession with Thomas Ferguson, Q.C.,

Toronto, and was called to the bar of Ontario in 1874. He then went to

Ottawa, and in partnership with R. A. Bradley, practised his profession

for eight years in that city. In 1882 Mr. Bell removed to Emerson,

Manitoba, and was admitted a member of the bar of Manitoba, in 1882, and

practised in Emerson for two years. In 1884 he went to Prince Edward

Island, and having passed the necessary examination, he became a member

of the bar of that island, and has since resided at Summerside

successfully engaged in his profession. At the last general election

held in Prince Edward Island Mr. Bell was returned to represent the

fourth electoral district of Prince in the island House of Assembly. In

politics he is a Liberal, and in religion he belongs to the Presbyterian

church. On the 7th July, 1882, he was married to Helen, daughter of

Cornelius Howatt, of Summerside, P.E.I.

* * * * *

=Mackay, Norman E.=, M.D., C.M., M.R.C.S., Eng., etc., Surgeon Victoria

General Hospital, Halifax, Nova Scotia, was born in Upper Settlement,

Baddeck, Victoria county, Cape Breton, in March, 1851. His father was

Neil Mackay, and mother Catharine McMillan. The family were among the

first settlers in the district, and farmed a considerable portion of

land. Dr. Mackay received his primary education in the Baddeck and

Pictou academies, and for some time taught school. He then chose the

medical profession, and in the winter of 1875-6 began to study with this

end in view. He applied himself diligently to his allotted tasks, and in

the second year was chosen prosector for his class. At the end of his

third year he was awarded the prize for passing the best primary

examination. In April, 1879, the Halifax Medical College conferred upon

him the degree of M.D., C.M., and the University of Halifax, that of

B.M. in May of the same year. After graduating, he began the practice of

his profession with success at North Sydney, Cape Breton, and after

residing in this place for a year, he removed to Charlottetown, Prince

Edward Island, where he remained for three years. In April, 1884, he was

appointed surgeon to the Prince Edward Island Hospital. In 1883-4 he

took a post graduate course in the London (England) hospitals and

medical schools, and was admitted a member of the Royal College of

Surgeons in January, 1884. He began to practice medicine in Halifax,

N.S., in January, 1885, and was appointed surgeon to the Victoria

General Hospital of that city in October of the same year. In January,

1886, he received the appointment of physician to the Halifax

Dispensary; and in October following was elected a member of the

Provincial Medical Board. In politics Dr. Mackay is a Liberal, and in

religion a Presbyterian. He was married on the 9th July, 1884, to

Isabella, eldest daughter of Lemuel Miller, principal of West Kent

School, Charlottetown, P.E.I.

* * * * *

=Proudfoot, Hon. William=, Justice of the Chancery Division of High

Court of Justice of Ontario, Toronto, was born near Errol, a village in

Perthshire, Scotland, on the 9th of November, 1823. He is the son of the

late Rev. William Proudfoot, who for many years was superintendent of

the Theological Institute of the United Presbyterian church, at London,

Ontario. The Rev. Mr. Proudfoot was one of the earliest missionaries

sent out to this country by the United Secession Church of Scotland, as

it was then called, and reached Canada with his family in 1832, and

after a few months spent in Toronto (then Little York), he removed to

London, where he organized a church, in which he officiated until his

death, in January, 1851. This old secession minister was a staunch

Reformer, and naturally came under suspicion, when almost everybody who

dared to differ from the dominant party during the troubles of 1837 was

suspected. He, however, boldly met the aspersions of his political

enemies, and secured himself from molestation. The subject of our

sketch, the Hon. Vice-Chancellor Proudfoot, is the third son of this

venerable minister, and he received his educational training under the

paternal roof, never having entered a public institution of learning.

Having resolved to adopt law as a profession, and having passed his

preliminary examination before the Law Society of Upper Canada, Mr.

Proudfoot entered the office of Blake & Morrison, barristers, Toronto,

Mr. Blake afterwards becoming chancellor of Upper Canada, and Mr.

Morrison a justice of the Court of Appeal, both now deceased, where he

remained the five years prescribed as the period of study for an

articled clerk, and during the Michaelmas term in 1849, he was called to

the bar of Upper Canada. He then entered into partnership with the late

Charles Jones, and practised his profession with this gentleman in

Toronto until 1851, when he was appointed the first chancery-master and

deputy-registrar at Hamilton. This appointment was rendered necessary by

the thorough re-organization of the Equity Court, accomplished on the

representation of chancellor W. H. Blake. After retaining this position

for three years, Mr. Proudfoot, preferring to return to the active work

of his profession, resigned his office, and entered into partnership

with Freeman & Craigie, under the style of Freeman, Craigie & Proudfoot,

barristers. This firm stood at the head of the Hamilton bar, and Mr.

Proudfoot had charge of the equity practice. In 1862, he left the firm

and practised with other partners until 1874, when he succeeded

Vice-Chancellor Strong (who had been promoted to the Supreme Court) upon

the bench. In 1872, he was appointed a Queen’s counsel by the Ontario

government. Prior to his elevation to the bench, he was an active

Reformer in politics; and he still remains true to the church of his

fathers, as a member of a Presbyterian Church in Toronto. As a lawyer

and judge, Hon. Mr. Proudfoot is deeply read, and continues still to be

a devoted student of the great authorities on equity. Being very

conversant with the Latin and French languages, he is well-grounded in

the Roman and civil law, and his judgments are models of lucid

expression and technical accuracy. He is, what is supposed still better,

thoroughly judicial in the extent of his mind, and has proved himself a

distinguished ornament to the Ontario bench. In 1853, Judge Proudfoot

married Miss Thomson, a daughter of the late John Thomson, of Toronto,

and by this lady he had a family of six children. She died in 1871. He

married his second wife in 1875. She was Miss Cook, daughter of the late

Adam Cook, of Hamilton, and she died in 1878, leaving one son.

* * * * *

=Wilkinson, William=, of Bushville, Chatham, New Brunswick, the present

judge of the County Courts of Northumberland, Gloucester, and

Restigouche, son of John and Catherine Wilkinson, both now deceased, was

born at Liverpool, England, on the 11th February, 1826. He came out to

New Brunswick in 1840, arriving at Chatham on the 11th September, after

a long passage of forty-nine days, by the encouragement of, and to be

with his half-brother, the late James Johnson, who had arrived in the

country about six years before, and who had then lately entered into

business as a merchant on his own account. He remained with his brother

as apprentice clerk for two years, and then with the sanction and good

will of all friends, he entered the law office of the late Hon. John M.

Johnson, jun., as a law student, and was entered as such in Michaelmas

term, 1842. In the same term of 1847, having satisfactorily passed the

necessary examinations as to his fitness, he was duly sworn in and

enrolled as an attorney of the Supreme Court of New Brunswick, and also

received his commission to act as notary public. In Michaelmas term,

1849, he was duly called to the bar. For a few years after his admission

he practised alone, but on the 20th December, 1852, he entered into

partnership with the late Hon. John M. Johnson, jun., which partnership

continued up to the time of Mr. Johnson’s death, November, 1868. During

its continuance they were engaged in many very important and interesting

causes, and always had the reputation of being very careful, successful,

practitioners. The first governmental office Mr. Wilkinson received was

that of surrogate and judge of Probates for the county of

Northumberland, which was on the resignation of the office by the late

Hon. Thomas H. Peters, on the 8th July, 1851. This office he resigned in

the spring or summer of 1870, with the view of becoming a candidate for

the New Brunswick legislature. And it may be mentioned that during all

the time Mr. Wilkinson held the office, no appeal was ever made from any

decision or judgment made by him in any cause before him. In the spring

or summer of 1852, Mr. Wilkinson was appointed (under the first

Education Act of New Brunswick authorising inspectors, passed in the

previous winter) inspector of schools for his county, Northumberland,

which office he held for several years, until, fearing that the

increasing professional demands on his time and attention might induce a

less careful and thorough performance of his duties as inspector, or

interfere with professional duties, he resigned the office into the

hands of the government, stating these reasons. But his resignation was

much to the regret of the then superintendent, Marshal D’Avary, who was

most desirous that he should continue in office and become a district

inspector under the new act then, or about to be, passed. On the 8th

November, 1870, he was appointed by the commissioners of the

Intercolonial Railway for examining and reporting upon the titles of

lands taken for railway purposes through the county of Northumberland,

and later by the railway authorities to perform a similar duty in regard

to many unsettled and disputed cases in the adjoining counties of

Gloucester and Restigouche. And at intervals for several years after his

first appointment as railway solicitor, he was appointed one of the

appraisers with one or other of the paymasters of the Intercolonial

Railway, for the time being, to appraise and (after the preparation and

execution of the proper transfer of title) pay the land damages for

rights of way, water courses, and conduits taken for the railway

purposes through all these counties. In the fall of 1872 he was

appointed by the Dominion government immigrant agent for Northumberland,

on the resignation by John G. G. Layton. This office he held for a few

years, when, on a change of government, a new policy in regard to

immigration was inaugurated. But on the cessation of the office,

courteous and full acknowledgment was made by the then government of the

ability and zeal with which the duties had been performed. On the 2nd

April, 1873, he was appointed by the Dominion government one of Her

Majesty’s Counsel Learned in the Law. On the 6th March, 1877, he was

appointed surrogate of the Vice-Admiralty Court of New Brunswick, by the

Vice-Admiralty Court, and on the 11th March, 1881, on the resignation of

Judge Williston, he received the appointment of judge of the County

Courts of Northumberland, Gloucester, and Restigouche, and on the next

day was duly sworn in and held his first county court at Bathurst,

Gloucester county. On the 12th February, 1884, he was _ex-officio_

appointed first commissioner under the Liquor License Act of 1883, for

the several license districts of Northumberland, Gloucester, and

Restigouche, and held the same till the decision of the Privy Council

declared the act _ultra vires_. On the 26th October, 1885, he was

appointed under separate commissions the revising officer of the

electoral districts of the counties of Northumberland and Restigouche

respectively, under the Electoral Franchise Act, passed in 1884. Judge

Wilkinson is a member of the Church of England, adhering strongly to the

views developed by the Oxford movement. For thirty years, and without a

break, he was the vestry clerk of the church corporation in Chatham,

where he has always lived, and only resigned the office a few years ago,

because of his necessary frequent absence from home, to fill judicial

appointments. For a like period, with very rare exceptions, he has been

a delegate to the Diocesan Church Society, and to the Diocesan Synod at,

and ever since its formation, and on several occasions has been elected

by the Diocesan to the Provincial Synod. At the formation of the

Diocesan, he strongly espoused the right of concurrence of the bishop in

all acts of the synod, so in the Provincial he was with those who held

and voted that the House of Bishops should have a veto power on all

nominations to the episcopate, both of which views, though not without

much opposition, ultimately carried. On St. James’ day, 1850, he was

married to Eliza Lovibond, only child of the Rev. Samuel Bacon, D.R.

(the first rector of Chatham, and who continued such for the long period

of forty-seven years, dying at his post on the 16th February, 1869), and

granddaughter of the celebrated sculptor, the elder John Bacon, by whom

he has had six children, only three of whom are now living: namely,

Eliza Bacon, wife of John P. Burchill, M.P.P.; the Rev. William James,

rector of Bay du Vin; and Mary Edith, the wife of William R. Butler,

B.E., professor of mathematics at, and vice-president of, King’s

College, Windsor, Nova Scotia. It is said that after the marriage of the

latter, it was observed by the Bishop of Fredericton, the present

Metropolitan of Canada, that he could say in this instance what,

perhaps, could not be said by any other in Canada of any one else, that

it had been his great happiness to marry the mother as well as her two

daughters.

* * * * *

=Cargill, Henry=, Manufacturer of Lumber, Cargill, Ontario, M.P. for

East Bruce, was born in the township of Nassagaweya, Halton county, on

the 13th August, 1838. His father, David Cargill, and mother, Anne

Cargill, were natives of the county of Antrim, Ireland, and having

emigrated to Canada in 1824, settled in the county of Halton, Ontario,

over sixty years ago. Henry received his primary education at the

schools in his native county, and afterwards took a course at Queen’s

College, Kingston. He commenced the lumber business in 1861; and in 1878

removed from Nassagaweya to Guelph, and in April of the following year

to Greenock township, east riding of Bruce county, where he still

resides. Although the manufacture of lumber has been Mr. Cargill’s chief

business, he has engaged, to a limited extent, in mercantile pursuits,

and has done some farming. He has also a flour mill and a sash and door

factory, and on the whole has succeeded very well in all he has

undertaken. He was for some time the postmaster at Cargill; and for the

last three years has been the reeve of the township of Greenock. Mr.

Cargill has been an active politician for many years; and in 1887, on

presenting himself for parliamentary honors, was elected to represent

East Bruce in the Dominion parliament. In 1879 he generously gave to the

Wellington, Grey & Bruce (now the Grand Trunk) Railway a piece of land

on which he built a station, and this was the starting of the village of

Cargill, which is named after him. In politics he is a Conservative; and

in religion he belongs to the Presbyterian denomination. On the 11th

March, 1864, he was married to Margaret Davidson, daughter of William

and Anne Davidson, of Halton, and has a family of four children.

* * * * *

=Stennett, Rev. Canon Walter=, Cobourg, Ontario, was born in Kingston,

Ontario, in 1821, of English parents, who had emigrated, in 1811, to the

West Indies, and in 1817, at the close of the American war, passed

through the United States and settled in Kingston. His father was a

typical Englishman, whose politics were never swayed by considerations

of advantage to himself; hence, though always a staunch Conservative, he

neither sought nor received any government office or emolument, but

through a long life continued true to his principles of loyalty and

integrity, unrewarded. In 1837, when the “American sympathizers” (as

they were then called) aided the rebellion of Mackenzie, he commanded a

body of provincial artillery opposite Navy Island, and he will be

remembered by many still living as president of the officers’ mess of

the militia on the Canadian shore. His son, the subject of this sketch,

a boy of sixteen, was just ending a successful career at Upper Canada

College, where he won many prizes, both in classics and mathematics. On

the opening of King’s College University, young Stennett was one of the

first to matriculate, and soon proved that his early promise in Upper

Canada College would not disappoint those who expected somewhat from

him. Amongst these was the Rev. Dr. McCaul, with whom young Stennett

soon became a great favorite, and who especially recognized his talent

for Latin and English verse. It was in mathematics, however, that his

highest development showed itself, so much so that the then professor of

mathematics, on leaving for England, wished young Stennett to enter

Cambridge, in which English university he assured him of a high

wranglership. While still pursuing his student career in King’s College,

the vacancy of third classical master in Upper Canada College occurred,

and Mr. Stennett was immediately chosen as one very fit to fill it.

Hence he commenced his course as master in the institution in which he

had received his earliest classical training. After a few years, and

while still completing with _éclat_ his course at King’s College, and

reading in divinity under the late Rev. Dr. Beaven and Professor

Hirschfelder, he received his degrees of B.A. and M.A.; but was

prevented from proceeding to B.D. and D.D. by the abolition of the chair

of divinity, and with it the power of King’s College to confer degrees

in that faculty. Meanwhile, by the lamented death of the Rev. W. H.

Ripley, Mr. Stennett was made second classical master in Upper Canada

College, and afterwards, by a series of events which caused the

retirement of the then principal—the late F. W. Barron, M.A.—Mr.

Stennett was, without the least solicitation on his own part, promoted

to the vacant post, as one fitted in every way, by his talents,

disposition, and acquirements, adequately to fill the position of

principal of the Eton of Canada. A few years before, in 1852, Mr.

Stennett had married the daughter of the then Ven. Archdeacon of York,

and, on returning from his marriage tour, was, while in London,

commissioned to obtain from Downing Street, and to bring out with him,

the Royal Charter of Trinity College, Toronto. Though always by his

feelings naturally inclined to the Church University, Mr. Stennett has

never taken an _ad eundem_ degree in Trinity College, but his name still

continues on the roll of what has ever been to him the rightful

representative of his own university. Thus has the onward tide of things

not increased his academic honors. While principal of Upper Canada

College, Mr. Stennett had the honor of personally presenting the address

of that institution to his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, then on a

visit to this country. About the sixth year of Mr. Stennett’s prosperous

conduct of Upper Canada College, contentions unhappily arose with the

Senate of the University of Toronto, the leading spirits of which

desired alterations in the classical scheme of teaching, and changes in

the mode of discipline, of which changes Mr. Stennett, from his

experience, did not approve. Under the worry produced by conscientiously

resisting these changes, and honestly upholding a system under which

some of the finest minds in the country had had their training, Mr.

Stennett’s health broke down. His honest efforts to resist what he

regarded as a _mongrel and lowering_ system brought on a serious brain

affection, which demanded his resignation in self-defence, and this

resignation was, greatly to the indignation of Sir Edmund Head, the then

governor-general (himself a scholar and a gentleman), accepted, though

he offered Mr. Stennett a special Royal commission. To recover from this

affection of the brain (the effects of which have never entirely left

him), Mr. Stennett retired to a small property on Lake Simcoe, where,

after an interval of needful rest, he built, and for some time conducted

successfully, the private school known as “Beechcroft.” From this Mr.

Stennett was, in 1866, at the especial desire of Bishop Strachan,

promoted to the important rectory of Cobourg, then about to become

vacant by the election of its rector to the dignity of coadjutor bishop

of Niagara. For now over twenty years Mr. Stennett has ably and

successfully conducted the affairs of the parish of Cobourg; but for

some time a return of some of the symptoms which caused his retirement

from Upper Canada College, has prevented him from actively discharging

parish duties, which he has been obliged largely to delegate to his

assistant, the Rev. Dr. Roy. It must not be supposed, however, that Mr.

Stennett, while principally engaged in teaching, neglected the higher

duties of a Christian clergyman. Called to the diaconate in 1847, and to

the priesthood in the year following, he was immediately appointed

assistant minister in the church of the Holy Trinity, Toronto, the

congregation of which church he worked hard in building up, and for five

years he served that congregation without fee or reward. He was

afterwards chiefly instrumental in building, and in collecting the

congregation for, the church at Carlton, near Toronto. He served for

long periods, in the absence of their own clergy, the church at Norway,

and the three churches of the Rev. Mr. Darling, in the township of

Scarboro’, all this without compensation of any kind. Finally, on his

retirement to Lake Simcoe, he built, and served gratuitously for several

years, the beautiful little stone church of Christ’s Church, Keswick. In

fact, until he was inducted into the rectory of Cobourg, Mr. Stennett

had never received a penny in the way of stipend. To the efficient

manner in which the affairs of his parish in Cobourg have been managed,

the records of the church can testify. Large returns have been regularly

made for all the purposes for which the synod required collections. A

beautiful chancel has been added to St. Peter’s Church; one of the best

organs in the diocese has been placed therein, and many other

improvements are in course of being made. Canon Stennett having had the

great misfortune to lose his estimable wife by a lingering illness, was,

early in 1882, married by the Bishop of Toronto to Julia Veronica,

daughter of the late Norman Bethune, of Montreal, and niece of the late

Dean Bethune, of Christ’s Church Cathedral in that city. Her tact,

energy and ability have been prominently shown in those parts of

parochial work which need the skilled guidance of an accomplished lady.

This slight sketch would be left imperfect, did we fail to mention that

Canon Stennett’s labors were not confined altogether to the routine

duties of his own parish, but that under three successive bishops his

scholarly and theological attainments were utilized to the benefit of

the diocese at large, in his conducting, periodically, the examinations

for holy orders, until the brain malady, from which he still suffers,

obliged him to resign this portion of his duties into the hands of his

bishop.

* * * * *

=Bélanger, Rev. François Honoré=, Curé of the Parish of St. Roch,

Quebec, was born at Montreal on the 26th April, 1850. He is the son of

François Bélanger, who was manager of the Queen’s printer’s

establishment during many years, and Elmire Chalut, a member of a family

having numerous representatives in all parts of the province of Quebec.

Mr. Bélanger, sen., died in September, 1857, and Mrs. Bélanger, in

September, 1859. Having completed a course of classical and theological

studies at the Seminary of Quebec, he determined to enter holy orders.

He was ordained priest on the 28th of May, 1876, and was appointed vicar

at the Basilica, Quebec city, on 29th of May of the same year, a

position he held for nine years and a half. On the 4th of October, 1885,

he was given the charge of the important parish of St. Roch, succeeding

the Rev. Mr. Gosselin, and the Rev. Mr. Charest, whose memory will

forever survive, chiefly in connection with the signal services he

rendered his flock on the occasions of the disastrous conflagrations

Quebec has so often been visited with, and also of the riots, when his

presence and his voice quelled the most turbulent as by magic. Rev. Mr.

Bélanger has built the St. Roch’s School, probably the finest building

held by the Christian Brothers in the Dominion. This school is the

property of the parish of St. Roch.

* * * * *

=Joseph, Abraham=,—The late Abraham Joseph, Merchant, of Quebec, was

born on the 14th of November, 1815, at Berthier, near Montreal. He was

the son of Henry Joseph and Rachel Solomon. After the death of his

father, who succumbed to the cholera plague of 1832, he removed to

Quebec, where he continued to reside up to his death, which occurred on

the 20th of March, 1886. The other branches of the family have all

settled in Montreal. Mr. Joseph married in 1846 Sophia David, daughter

of Samuel David and Sarah Hart, of Montreal, and she died in 1866,

leaving a family of eleven children, four sons and seven daughters. Of

these all but one have survived their father. Mr. Joseph was a

successful man of business throughout his long career; his name was

identified with almost every commercial enterprise of his time, and in

most instances appeared among their active directors. As president of

the Quebec Board of Trade, he appeared for several years at the head of

the business community, and in his turn presided over the then

flourishing Dominion Board of Trade. He was one of the original

directors of the Banque Nationale, where was seen the unusual spectacle

of eight men, all middle-aged or more, sitting at the same board for

over eleven years without change. The first break in the board (since,

however, much changed), was made when Mr. Joseph resigned his position,

to take the presidency of the Stadacona Bank, then being established.

This institution had a fairly successful career, but after passing

through the greater part of a period of commercial depression, was put

into liquidation by a vote of the shareholders. The president himself

never lost faith in the institution, and his assertions of its complete

soundness were amply proved by the fact, that in spite of the losses and

expenses incidental to liquidation, the shareholders received back the

whole of their capital. Mr. Joseph’s public services, however, were not

confined strictly to commercial life. Proud of his English descent, he

was a life member of the St. George’s Society, and more than once its

president. He sat in the city council, and once stood for the mayoralty,

being only defeated by a small and very questionable majority. He took a

lively interest, but no prominent part, in politics. He served in the

Quebec light infantry, during the rebellion of 1837-8, and in time

attained the rank of major in the militia. He held the position of

vice-consul for Belgium for over thirty years. A Jew by birth and

conviction, he brought up his large family, with the assistance of his

revered wife, as long as she lived, in all the teachings of their

religion, both ceremonial and moral—a task of no slight difficulty in

the absence of anything like an organized community. Though truly

religious, however, he was as far removed as possible from any taint of

bigotry, and his integrity, kind-heartedness and intelligent sympathy,

made him the friend alike of Catholic and Protestant, rich and poor,

English and French. It is doubtful, indeed, whether in his long career

he made any enemies. It is very characteristic of the man’s liberal

views, that of the only two public legacies left by his will, one was

for a Christian object, the other for a Jewish. His habits were

thoroughly domestic and sociable, and his residence, Kincardine Place,

was long known as one of the most hospitable residences in Quebec city.

He was never happier than when surrounded by the young friends of the

family, or by his grandchildren, eight of whom he lived to see.

* * * * *

=Pelletier, Hon. Honoré Cyrias=, Puisné Judge of the Superior Court of

the province of Quebec, with place of residence at Rimouski, was born at

Cacouna, in the county of Kamouraska, on the 28th November, 1840, from

the marriage of François Pelletier, farmer, and Françoise Caron, who

lived in Cacouna, and removed later on to St. Arsène, county of

Temiscouata. Justice Pelletier was educated at the Seminary of Quebec,

and graduated _bachelier-ès-lettres et ès-sciences_ at Laval University,

where he also followed the law course for three years. He then entered

the law office of L. G. Baillairgé, in Quebec, and was called to the bar

of the province on the 8th of October, 1866. He practised his profession

in Quebec, forming partnerships successively with A. Benoit, H. J. J.

Duchesnay, and J. E. Bédard. In 1879 he was made a Queen’s counsel; and

was elevated to the bench on the 12th of April, 1886, on the death of

the late Judge Mousseau. Judge Pelletier was married twice, the first

time to Tharsile Gourdeau, a daughter of F. Gourdeau, who was harbor

master of Quebec, in 1869; and the second time to Célina Moraud, a

daughter of J. B. Moraud, N.P., of Lotbinière, in 1877.

* * * * *

=Fizét, Louis Joseph Cyprien.=—This well known French Canadian poet was

born in Quebec, on the 3rd October, 1825. His mother was Mary Powers, of

London, England, daughter of an officer of the Royal navy; and his

father the Hon. Louis Fizét,—descended from an old French family which

left Dieppe, in Normandy, in 1656, and settled in Canada,—held several

important official positions, including that of district judge for the

district of Gaspé, and took an active and influential part in the

political events that occurred in the district of Quebec anterior to the

year 1840. He died in January, 1867. At a meeting of the bar of Lower

Canada, held in the city of Quebec, on the 8th of that month, Hon.

Charles Alleyn being in the chair, the following resolution, amongst

others, was unanimously adopted: “Proposed by the Hon. J. N. Bossé,

seconded by Charles J. Holt, Esq., Q.C., and resolved, that this section

of the bar believes it to be its duty to render homage publicly to the

memory of the deeply lamented Hon. Louis Fizét, to his virtues as a

citizen, upright and honorable, who has given universal satisfaction in

the fulfilment of the duties of the various public offices which he has

filled, and who has deserved from all the highest testimonials of esteem

in his public and private life by his constant affability, courtesy, and

kindness of heart.” Louis Joseph C. Fizét, the subject of our sketch,

received his education at the private school of the celebrated Doctor

Wilkie, and subsequently at the Seminary of Quebec, where he had for

professors, among others, the Rev. Alexandre Taschereau, who is now his

Eminence Cardinal Taschereau; the Rev. Jean Langevin, now his Grace the

Bishop of Rimouski; and the Rev. M. Bouchy, a distinguished French

professor of rhetoric. At this latter institution he exhibited a more

than ordinary aptitude and taste for literature, which evinced at this

early period, that he was likely to shine as a literary man of ability

later on, and which expectation has since been fully justified. As an

instance of his early taste for literature, at the age of twelve years

he wrote a story entitled “Vincent, le Naufragé,” the fruit of his young

imagination, though distantly connected with Robinson Crusoe. When the

manuscript was concluded, he would not be satisfied until he had

illustrated it with colored designs, showing his hero in various

adventures, and then bound it with his own hands. This early effort,

though far from being a masterpiece, showed the bent of his mind at that

early age. Mr. Fizét has travelled through Europe, and is well

acquainted with all its more important cities, hence his natural talents

have had the advantage of development through observation of the habits

and customs of peoples of many different nationalities. While in Dieppe,

in Normandy, France, he called on the mayor of that city, who

courteously gave him an opportunity of consulting its archives. He there

found the certificate of birth of the founder of his family in Canada,

to whom he had traced his origin by means of certain documents and the

registers of births deposited in the archives of Quebec. The certificate

of birth of his ancestor, found at Dieppe, is in the following terms:

“Le 31 août, 1635, est né dans cette ville Abraham, fils d’Abraham Fizét

et de Catherine de la Brecque, nommé par Jacques de la Brecque et

Catherine de Caux, lesquels ont signé.” This certificate satisfied him

that his family name ought to be spelled thus: “Fizét,” and not Fiset.

He studied law under the Hon. Ed. Bacquet, who was later appointed one

of the justices of the Superior Court, and the Hon. Charles Alleyn,

Q.C., and at one time provincial secretary of the united provinces of

Upper and Lower Canada, and was duly admitted to the bar on the 24th of

November, 1848. In 1849, like many of the young men of that time, he

took an interest in politics, and was an ardent admirer of the late Sir

L. H. Lafontaine, then at the head of the Lafontaine-Baldwin

administration. On the day following the burning of the parliamentary

buildings at Montreal, by an infuriated mob, he took passage for that

city, then in the greatest agitation, and with many others, offered his

services to the government to assist in the maintenance of order; but

Lord Elgin, at that time governor-general of Canada, being averse to the

arming of the citizens, his offer was not accepted. On that memorable

occasion he wrote the following extemporaneous song which has remained

in the possession of one of his then youthful friends, and which

indicates the excitement prevailing at that period: