Section 109. Limitations on exclusive rights: Effect of transfer of

particular copy or phonorecord.

(a) Notwithstanding the provisions of section 106(3), the owner of a

particular copy or phonorecord lawfully made under this title, or any

person authorized by such owner, is entitled, without the authority of

the copyright owner, to sell or otherwise dispose of the possession of

that copy or phonorecord.

(b) (1) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (a), unless

authorized by the owners of copyright in the sound recording and in the

musical works embodied therein, the owner of a particular phonorecord

may not, for purposes of direct or indirect commercial advantage,

dispose of, or authorize the disposal of, the possession of that

phonorecord by rental, lease, or lending, or by any other act or

practice in the nature of rental, lease, or lending. Nothing in the

preceding sentence shall apply to the rental, lease, or lending of a

phonorecord for nonprofit purposes by a nonprofit library or nonprofit

educational institution.

(2) Nothing in this subsection shall affect any provision of the

antitrust laws. For purposes of the preceding sentence, "antitrust

laws" has the meaning given that term in the first section of the

Clayton Act and includes section 5 or the Federal Trade Commission Act

to the extent that section relates to unfair methods of competition.

(3) Any person who distributes a phonorecord in violation of clause (1)

is an infringer of copyright under section 501 of this title and is

subject to the remedies set forth in sections 502, 503, 504, 505, and

509. Such violation shall not be a criminal offense under section 506

or cause such person to be subject to the criminal penalties set forth

in section 2319 of title 18.

(c) Notwithstanding the provisions of section 106(5), the owner of a

particular copy lawfully made under this title, or any person

authorized by such owner, is entitled, without the authority of the

copyright owner, to display that copy publicly, either directly or by

the projection of no more than one image at a time, to viewers present

at the place where the copy is located.

(d) The privileges prescribed by subsections (a) and (b) [so as

amended, should be "(a) and (c)"] do not, unless authorized by the

copyright owner, extend to any person who has acquired possession of

the copy or phonorecord from the copyright owner, by rental, lease,

loan, or otherwise, without acquiring ownership of it.

Copyright Law of the United States of America Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code · 第 9 / 18 章