1'. Simple band, showing the upper side.
2'. The same, showing the under side and the knot.
3'. Tie, with crossed ends, commenced; a turn is taken under the
strands, to hold the ends of the cord.
4'. The same, completed.
5'. Bend with crossed strands, commenced, the one end being looped
over the other.
6'. The same, completed.
7'. Necklace tie, seen on the upper side.
8'. The same, seen underneath. The greater the strain on the cords,
the tighter the knot becomes.
9' and 10' are similar splices to 7' and 8' with slight
modifications.
11' shows the commencement of 13', the legs in elevation; 12' being
a front view. An ordinary band, made by several turns of a small
rope, is lapped round them and hauled taut, and then interlaced at
the ends. This done, the legs are shifted into the shape of a St.
Andrew's cross. Thus the lashing is tightened, and, for further
security, we pass the line several times over the tie and between
the spars, knotting the ends.
13'. Portuguese knot. This is a lashing for shear legs, and must be
tight enough to prevent the spars slipping on each other; the
crossing of the two legs gives a means of securing the knot.
14'. For binding timbers; a, knot commenced. Take several turns
round the timbers, and fasten the ends by passing them under the
turns; b, knot completed. The end of a round stick, m n, termed a
packing stick, should be passed under the knob, the cord being slack
enough to allow of this. By turning the stick, the turns can be
tightened to any extent; when tight, we fasten the longer arm of the
lever to some fixed point, by a rope, p q, so that it cannot fly
back. Care must be taken not to turn the stick too far, or the rope
may be broken. As the timber dries and shrinks, the lever may be
used to make all taut again.
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