6. Testif: headstrong, wild-brained; French, “entete.”

7. Strother: Tyrwhitt points to Anstruther, in Fife: Mr Wright

to the Vale of Langstroth, in the West Riding of Yorkshire.

Chaucer has given the scholars a dialect that may have belonged

to either district, although it more immediately suggests the

more northern of the two.

(Transcribers note: later commentators have identified it with a

now vanished village near Kirknewton in Northumberland.

There was a well-known Alein of Strother in Chaucer’s

lifetime.)

8. Wanges: grinders, cheek-teeth; Anglo-Saxon, “Wang,” the

cheek; German, “Wange.”

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