of each month, at such hour as shall be agreed upon from time to time.
SEC. 2. Special meetings may be called by the President, or by a call
signed by five members: _Provided_, That such a call shall state the
object of the meeting.
SEC. 3. An annual meeting shall be held on the second Monday in December
of each year, for the election of officers, and such other business not
provided for herein.
ARTICLE VII.
TRUSTEES.
A Board of five Trustees shall be chosen at the annual meeting each
year, who shall have the general management of all the affairs of the
Department.
ARTICLE VIII.
QUORUM.
Five members shall constitute a quorum competent to transact business.
ARTICLE IX.
AMENDMENTS.
This Constitution may be amended by a two-thirds vote of members
present: _Provided_, That one month's notice has been given in writing
at a regular meeting, and a copy of said notice posted in the Club room
for one month.
GAME PROTECTIVE DEPARTMENT.
[Not Organized.]
PHOTOGRAPHIC DEPARTMENT.
OFFICERS.
_President_, W. W. BRETHERTON
_Vice President_, H. GOLDSMITH
_Secretary and Treasurer_, E. E. NORTON
CONSTITUTION.
ARTICLE I.
NAME.
This association shall be known as the PHOTOGRAPHIC DEPARTMENT OF THE
OREGON ALPINE CLUB.
ARTICLE II.
OBJECT.
Its object shall be to encourage and promote practical Photography, and
to invite and stimulate discussion and investigation of all that
pertains to Photographic science and art.
ARTICLE III.
MEMBERSHIP.
The Department shall be composed of such members of the Oregon Alpine
Club who practice Photography as amateurs, as shall be elected there and
shall be known as active members, and such Honorary and Associate
members as shall be elected by the Department from the members of the
Oregon Alpine Club.
Candidates for election may be proposed for election at one meeting, and
voted on at the same meeting. All applications for membership shall be
voted on by ballot, and it shall require two-thirds of all votes cast to
elect any member.
All professional Photographers who are members of the Oregon Alpine Club
shall be eligible as Associate members, and shall enjoy all the
privileges of the Department except the right of vote or hold office.
ARTICLE IV.
OFFICERS.
The officers of the Department shall be a President, Vice-President, one
or more, a Secretary, and a Treasurer; the offices of Secretary and
Treasurer being held by one member if so desired by the Department.
ARTICLE V.
QUORUM.
The attendance of two officers and three or more members shall be
necessary to constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, but
the constitution or by-laws shall not be changed except at a meeting
called for that purpose by the Secretary and by a vote of two-thirds of
all votes cast.
ARTICLE VI.
ANNUAL MEETING.
The Annual Meeting of the Department shall be held on the third Friday
of January in each year, for the election of officers and such other
business as may come before the meeting.
ARTICLE VII.
MONTHLY MEETINGS.
The monthly meeting of the Department shall be held on the third Friday
of each month.
ARTICLE VIII.
DUES.
The dues of the Department shall be $3.00 per year, payable to the
treasurer of the Department.
PRESIDENTS OF THE OREGON ALPINE CLUB.
HENRY WINSLOW CORBETT, the first president of the Oregon Alpine Club was
elected immediately after its organization and served until the close of
1888. He was born at Westborough, Mass., February 18th, 1827, and came
to Oregon, via Cape Horn, with a stock of general merchandise, arriving
at Portland, March 4th, 1851. In 1866, he was elected U. S. Senator and
served six years with credit to himself and honor to his State. He is
one of the wealthiest and most influential men in Oregon. The following
in reference to him is taken from the History of Portland:
"In person, Mr. Corbett is six feet high, straight and spare in figure,
but symmetrically formed. Cautious, cool-headed and decided, he is not
an inviting mark for the wiles of the schemer or impostor, but he is
thoroughly approachable, respectful and considerate toward those whom he
meets, and utterly lacking either in the arrogance of small greatness,
or in the still more objectionable truckling and assumed _bonhommie_ of
the small politician. He is thoroughly dignified, and yet his manners
are so unassumingly easy that one hardly notices them. Indeed he is a
fine type of that well approved manhood in which courtesy, kindness,
dignity, culture, honor and charity are most happily blended. To these
excellences can be added unswerving integrity, honesty of purpose,
purity of thought and act, and those crowning virtues born of an ever
present and controlling moral sentiment. His career shows what can be
accomplished by steady and quiet energy, directed by sound judgment and
high purpose. His name has been associated with numberless successful
enterprises, but not one failure, and he is justly entitled to a
foremost place among those who have created, established and maintained
the commercial and industrial supremacy of Portland."
* * * * *
"DAVID P. THOMPSON, one of the most widely known men in our State, was
born in Harrison county, Ohio, in 1834. In his nineteenth year he came
to Oregon, driving sheep across the plains and walking every rod of the
way. Upon his arrival at Oregon City in 1853 he took a job of cutting
cordwood, which lasted through the winter. Soon after he entered upon
the profession of a surveyor, which he followed during several years. In
pursuance of this business he acquired an unequaled knowledge of the
northwestern country, and laid the foundation of his present ample
fortune. He lived at Oregon City till 1876, when he removed to Portland.
In 1879, and again in 1881, he was elected mayor, and gave the city a
vigorous and efficient administration. Mr. Thompson, throughout his
whole life, has been noted for activity and energy. He is a man of firm
and positive character, tenacious of his purposes, active in business
and successful in his undertakings. By appointment of President Grant he
became governor of Idaho Territory in 1875, but resigned the office in
1876. He is now engaged in the banking business in Portland."--(History
of Portland,--Scott.) Mr. Thompson served as president of the Alpine
Club in 1889.
* * * * *
MR. GEORGE B. MARKLE is at the present time serving as president of the
Alpine Club. He was born in Hazleton, Lucerne county, Pennsylvania,
October 7th, 1857, and came to Oregon in 1886. His desire to locate in
the west led him to make a tour of inspection, which embraced Kansas,
Nebraska, Colorado, Utah, California, Oregon and Washington. A careful
examination of all this region convinced him that Portland offered the
best inducements as a business point, combined with all the advantages
of an old settled community, and in the fall of 1886 he permanently
located in this city. He immediately became a factor in the busy life
around him, and displayed a business generalship which marked him as a
man of unusual power, and gave him a place among the foremost business
men of the city seldom accorded in any community to one of his years.
With others he organized the Oregon National Bank, of which he is vice
president; also the Ellensburgh National Bank, the Northwest Loan and
Trust Company and the Commercial Bank of Vancouver, being president of
the last three corporations named. He was one of the purchasers of the
Multnomah Street Railway; reorganized the company and ever since has
been its president. He is also president of the Portland Mining Company,
owning the Sunset group of mines in the famous Coeur d'Alene district.
He was one of the leading spirits in organizing the great enterprise of
the North Pacific Industrial Association; purchased the land upon which
to erect the necessary buildings and secured a large number of
subscriptions to its capital stock. He was one of the leading spirits in
the organization of the Portland Hotel Company and is prominently
identified with many other enterprises.--(History of Portland,--Scott.)
OREGON BIBLIOGRAPHY.
1853.--ADAMS, MT.--Called by Winthrop, "Tacoma the Second,"--(Canoe and
Saddle, page 48).
1889.--Called by the Indians "Pat-to," which signifies standing up high.
With the Indians this was a general term for snow capped mountains.
Located in latitude 46 deg. 12' 14.1", longitude 121 deg. 31' 08.3".
1775.--ADAMS POINT.--Discovered by Heceta and called Cape Frondoso
(Leafy Cape).
1792.--Capt. Gray subsequently entered the river and named it Point
Adams.--(Life on Puget Sound,--Leighton, page 48. Pacific States, vol.
22, page 163).
1792.--ADMIRALTY INLET.--Named by Vancouver for the Board of
Admiralty.--(Life on Puget Sound, p. 155).
1766-9.--ALASKA.--Named by Russians.--(Willamette Valley, page 62). The
name is derived from a Russian corruption of an Aleutian word,
"Alakshak," which signifies Continent, or a large country. The Russian
version of the term was "Aliaska," and it applied only to the prominent
peninsula jutting out from the continent. Made a general term by the
United States.--(Supplement to Encyclopaedia Britannica, vol. 1, page
157).
1507.--AMERICA.--First applied to the new world in a work entitled
"Cosmographiae Instructio, etc., in super quatuor Americi Vespucii
Navigationes," written by Marti Waldseemuller, under the assumed name
of Hylacomylus and printed at Saint Die, in Lorraine.--(History of
Oregon and California,--Greenhow, page 48).
1808.--AMERICAN FUR COMPANY organized.--(Burrows' Oregon, page 58).
1846.--APPLEGATE, OR SOUTHERN ROUTE.--Constructed by Jesse
Applegate.--(Pacific States, vol 22, page 642).
1811.--ASTORIA founded by John Jacob Astor, April 12.--(Encyclopaedia
Britannica, vol. 2, page 737. History of the Willamette Valley, page
153).
1813.--Captured by the English and name changed to St.
George.--(Burrows' Oregon, page 63).
1818.--Repossessed by the United States.--(Burrows' Oregon, page 65).
1865.--ATMOSPHERIC RIVER OF HEAT.--General course, effects,
etc.--(Miners and Travelers' Guide,--Muller, page 61).
1792.--BAKER'S BAY.--Named by Broughton for Capt. Baker, of the brig
Jenny.--(Three Years' Residence in W. T.,--Swan, page 129).
1792.--BAKER, MT.--Named for Lieut. Baker, by Vancouver, April
30.--(Vancouver, vol. 2, page 56).
1853.--Called by Winthrop, "Kulshan," presumably because of being the
Indian name.--(Canoe and Saddle, page 47).
1846-8.--Same as Mt. Polk.--(Oregon and California,--Thornton, vol. 1,
page 256).
1868.--The summit is described and illustrated in Harper's Monthly for
November, page 806, by E. T. Coleman.
1869.--Called by the Spanish, "Montana del Carmelo."--(Life on Puget
Sound,--Leighton, page 160).
1842-6.--BARLOW ROAD.--See Indian Trail.
1851.--BATTLE ROCK AT PORT ORFORD.--First trip from here to the
Willamette Valley (with notes by a participant).--(Oregon and
Washington,--Armstrong, page 60).
1792.--BELLINGHAM'S BAY.--Named by Vancouver.--(Vancouver, vol. 2, page
214).
1728.--BEHRING sent out by Russia on a voyage of discovery.--(Barrows'
Oregon, page 22).
1865.--BITTER ROOT RANGE.--Same as the Coeur d'Alene
Mountains.--(Miners and Travelers' Guide,--Mullan, page 63).
1841.--BLANCHET, FATHER.--Visited by Wilkes.--(Wilkes' Narrative, vol.
4, page 349).
1775.--BODEGA, DON JUAN DE LA.--Sailed north to 58 deg. and returning
discovered Bodega Bay in 38 deg. 18'.--(History of Oregon,--Twiss, page 57).
BONNEVILLE.--Named for B. L. E. Bonneville, who explored the Rocky
Mountains in 1832 and visited the Columbia in 1834.--(Pacific States,
vol. 23, page 568).
1792.--BROUGHTON, LIEUT.--Entered the Columbia River, October 20th, and
was surprised to find the brig Jenny, of Bristol, Capt. Baker, lying
there at anchor.--(Three Years' Residence in W. T.,--Swan, page 129).
1792.--BULFINCH'S HARBOR.--Discovered by Captain Gray.--(Oregon and Its
Institutions,--Hines, page 15) See also, Gray's Harbor.
1543.--CABRILLO.--See Viscaino.
1775.--CAPE DISAPPOINTMENT.--Discovered by Heceta, August 15, and called
Cape San Roque. Named Disappointment by Mears, because of his not being
able to make the entrance of the river.--(Life on Puget
Sound,--Leighton, page 48).
1792.--Called Cape Hancock by Gray, but afterwards changed upon hearing
that Mears had already named it.--(Three Years' Residence in W.
T.,--Swan, page 129).
1778.--CAPE FLATTERY.--Named by Captain Cook.--(Three Years' Residence
in W. T.,--Swan, page 120).
1792.--CAPE HANCOCK.--See Cape Disappointment.
1812.--CAPE HORN.--So named because of the difficulty experienced in
doubling it.--(The Columbia River,--Cox, vol. 1, page 118).
1766.--CARVER, CAPT. JONATHAN.--A resident of Connecticut and a soldier
of the Canadian war. Left Boston, by way of Detroit, for the waters of
the Upper Mississippi, and to cross the continent.--(The Oregon
Territory,--Nicolay, page 93).
CASCADE MOUNTAINS.--Named for the Cascades of the Columbia
River.--(American Cyclopedia, vol. 4, page 511. Fremont, page 189).
1846-8.--Same as President's Range.--(Oregon and California,--Thornton,
vol. 1, page 255).
1805.--CASTLE ROCK, called by Lewis and Clarke, Beacon Rock.--(Pacific
States, vol. 23, page 47).
1852.--Coal discovered near Seahome by Capt. Pattle.--(Harpers Magazine
for November, 1869, page 795).
1792.--COFFIN, MT.--Originally used as an Indian burying ground, and
discovered by Lieut. Broughton.--(Vancouver, vol. 3, page 98.--Wilkes
Narrative, vol. 4, page 319).
1775.--COLUMBIA RIVER.--First discovered by Heceta, August 15.
Named by him _Ensenada de Asuncion_, or Assumption Inlet. The north
point was called Cape San Roque, and the south, Cape Frondoso, (Leafy
Cape). In the chart published in Mexico soon after the conclusion of the
voyage, the entrance is, however, called _Ensenada de Heceta_, Hecta
Inlet; and _Rio de San Roque_, River of St. Roc.
While in command of the sloop Washington, in August, Capt. Gray
discovered, and attempted to enter this opening, but the sloop grounded
on the bar and came near being lost; and was also attacked by Indians,
who killed one man and wounded the mate.
Gray was shortly afterward transferred to the Columbia, and on another
cruise entered the river; sailed up it about twenty miles, and bestowed
the name of his vessel upon it.--(Three Years' Residence in W. T., pages
124 to 128.--Pacific States, vol. 22, page 163.--American Cyclopaedia,
vol. 5, page 513).
Many works published before the discovery refer to a river flowing
westward, as "River of the West," "River of Aguilar," "River
Thegays."--(History of Oregon and California,--Greenhow, pages 144-5).
1805.--Called by the Indians "Spocatilicum"--Friendly Water.--(Life on
Puget Sound,--Leighton, page 50). The Indians also referred to it as
Wahn-na, or Big River.
1816.--The bar was first surveyed by Capt. McClellan, of the Col.
Allen.--(Pac. States, vol. 23, page 266).
1846.--Was considered accessible for vessels only three months in the
year.--(The Oregon Territory,--Nicolay, page 42).
1853.--COMCOMLI.--This Indian Chief is spoken of by Winthrop as one
Montgomery.--(Canoe and Saddle, page 77).
1841.--COMMENCEMENT BAY.--Named by Wilkes. (Wilkes' Narrative, vol. 4,
page 479).
1778.--COOK, CAPT.--Sailed along the coast and sighted land at 44 deg.,
March 7.--(Oregon,--Moseley, page 8.--History of Oregon and
California,--Greenhow, page 150).
1779.--Murdered by natives in the Sandwich Islands February
16th.--(History of Oregon and California, page 157).
CORVALLIS.--Of Spanish derivation, and signifies Center of the Valley.
Originally, Marysville.--(Oregon and Washington,--Armstrong, page 18).
1598.--D'AGUILAR, MARTIN.--See Sebastian Viscanio.
1805.--DES CHUTES RIVER.--Called by Lewis, "Towahnahiooks," and by Gass,
"The Kimmooenim."--(Pacific States, vol. 23, page 41).
1775.--DISAPPOINTMENT, CAPE.--See Cape Disappointment.
1786.--DIXON AND POSTLOCK were sent out by the King Georges Sound Co. of
London and arrived at Cooks River in July.--(History of Oregon,--Twiss,
page 61).
1824.--DOUGLAS, DAVID.--The botanist who gave his name to the Douglas
pine (_Abies Douglasii_), and named over one thousand plants, was sent
out by the Royal Horticultural Society of London, and remained ten
years.--(Pac. States, vol. 23, pages 507-8).
1579.--DRAKE, SIR FRANCIS.--Sailed along the coast.--(Oregon,--Moseley,
page 8. History of Oregon and California,--Greenhow, page 73).
FALSE DUNGENESS, see Port Angeles.
1542.--FURRELO, BARTOLEME.--Sailed with two vessels to 41 deg. to
44 deg.--(History of Oregon,--Twiss, pages 26 and 27. History of Oregon and
California,--Greenhow, page 64).
1576.--First voyage made from England to seek a Northwest Passage was
made by Martin Frobisher.--(History of Oregon and California,--Greenhow,
page 77).
1793.--First trip to the Pacific, overland, was made by Sir Alex.
Mackenzie, who reached the sea at 52 deg. 20'.--(History of Oregon,--Twiss,
pages 19 and 20).
1806.--First civilized post, or settlement, west of the Rocky Mountains
was made by the Northwest Co., on Frazer Lake in 54 deg.--(History of
Oregon,--Twiss, page 21).
1810.--First settlement attempted and first house in Oregon built by
Capt. Winship forty miles above the sea on the south bank of the
Columbia.--(Pac. States, vol. 23, page 133. Oregon,--Moseley, page 9).
1814.--First European woman on the Columbia River was Miss Jane Barnes,
who arrived at Astoria on the Isaac Todd, April 17th.--(Pac. States,
vol. 23, page 250).
1827.--First fruit tree in Oregon was planted at Vancouver by John
McLaughlin, who also introduced live stock, vegetables and
grain.--(Pacific States, vol. 23, page 441).
1836.--First steamer to visit Oregon was the Beaver, from England--(Pac.
States, vol. 23, page 600).
1598.--FLOREZ, ANTONIO.--See Sebastian Viscanio.
1812.--FRASER RIVER.--Known among the Indians as Tacoutche-Tesse.
1793.--Supposed by Sir Alex. Mackenzie to be the northern source of the
Columbia.--(History of Oregon,--Twiss, page 19. Pacific Coast, vol. 22,
page 205).
Named for Simon Fraser, who established a post in that region in
1805.--(History of Portland,--Scott, page 16).
1713.--France secretly conveys to Spain all her possessions west of the
Mississippi River.--(Barrows' Oregon, page 19).
1800.--France recovers the western half of Louisiana from
Spain.--(Barrows' Oregon, page 20).
1803.--France sells her claims to the United States.--(Barrows' Oregon,
pages 21 and 210).
1843.--Fremont follows Whitman to Oregon, arriving October
23.--(Barrows' Oregon, page 250).
1786.--Fur trade opened by British merchants between Oregon and
China.--(History of Oregon,--Twiss, page 18).
GOAT, MOUNTAIN.--Known by the Indians as Plas, (white), because of the
white rocks.
1792.--GRAY, CAPT.--Explored the Columbia river twenty-five miles, and
named it.--(The Oregon Territory,--Nicolay, page 39).
1792.--GRAY'S BAY.--Named by Broughton for Capt. Gray, of the
Columbia.--(Vancouver, vol. 3, page 92).
1789.--GRAY'S HARBOR.--First called Bulfinch Harbor, but changed to
Gray's Harbor May 7th.--(Pacific States vol. 22, page 259).
1791.--GULF OF GEORGIA.--Called by Don Francisco Elisa, "Canal de
Nuestra Senora del Rosary," or The Channel of our Lady of the Rosary.
1792.--Subsequently named by Vancouver in honor of the
king.--(Vancouver, vol. 2, page 170.--Life on Puget Sound, page 154).
1846-8.--HARRISON, MT.--See Rainier.
1771.--HEARNE, SAM'L.--An employee of the Hudson Bay Co. succeeded in
tracing the Coppermine river to tide water in 72 deg., and his report caused
the Lords of Admiralty to send Capt. Cook to the Northwest
Coast.--(History of Oregon,--Twiss, page 58).
1775.--HECETA, BRUNO.--Left San Blas for America March 16th. Passed up
the entire coast of Oregon, discovered the Columbia river.--(History of
Oregon,--Twiss, page 567. Oregon,--Moseley, page 8).
1792.--HOOD, MT.--Discovered by Broughton October 29th, and named for
Lord Hood.--(Vancouver, vol. 3, page 107.--N. W. Coast of
America,--Franchere, page 112).
1846-8.--Same as Mt. Washington.--(Oregon and California,--Thornton,
vol. 1, page 256).
1846.--Said to be in a state of eruption.--(Oregon and California, vol.
1, page 336).
1854.--Belden claimed to have ascended it in October, and reported it as
19,400 feet high. He claimed to have ascended as high as possible with
snowshoes, then with ice hooks and spikes. When they reached a point
some 18,000 feet high respiration became very difficult owing to the
rarity of the atmosphere. At length the blood began to ooze through the
pores of the skin like drops of sweat; their eyes began to bleed, then
the blood gushed from their ears. Then they commenced their downward
march. At the point where they commenced the ascent they had left their
pack mules, and two men to guard them. The men went out hunting, and
when they returned found that the cougars had killed two of their
mules.--(Oregon and Washington,--Armstrong, page 38).
(Lying seemed to have been reduced to an art in those days).
1864.--Ascended by Rev. H. K. Hines and the summit described.--(Oregon
and its Institutions,--Hines, page 44).
Known among Indians as Pat-to, or high mountain. This was a general term
for any high snow-capped mountain.
Located in latitude 45 deg. 22' 24.3". Longitude 121 deg. 42' 49.6".
1792.--HOOD'S CANAL.--Named by Vancouver for Lord Hood.--(Life on Puget
Sound, page 155).
1805.--HOOD RIVER.--Called by Lewis and Clarke, La Biche.--(Pac. States,
vol. 23, page 45).
1670.--HUDSON BAY CO.--Chartered May 16th.--(Burrows' Oregon, page 33).
1842-6.--INDIAN TRAIL.--The first pass over the Cascades used by whites
was over the southern flank of Mount Hood. Near it was afterwards made
the Barlow Road, which was named for Barlow, of Barlow, Palmer and
Rector, who were compelled to abandon their trains at the summit and
were rescued by a relief party from the Willamette Valley.--(Pac.
States, vol. 22, page 645).
1846-8.--JACKSON, MT.--Same as Mt. Pitt of the English. In lat. 41 deg.
40'.--(Oregon and California,--Thornton, vol. 1, page 257.)
1806.--JEFFERSON, MT.--Named by Lewis and Clarke for President
Jefferson.--(Pac. States, vol. 23, page 61).
1846-8.--Called by the British, Mt. Vancouver.--(Oregon and
California,--Thornton, vol. 1, page 257).
Located in latitude 44 deg. 40' 26.1". Longitude 121 deg. 48' 59.9".
1810-12.--JOHN DAY.--A Virginian, accompanied the Northwest Co. to
Astoria. He was 6 feet, 2 inches in height--(Pac. States, vol. 23, page
179).
1805.--JOHN DAY RIVER.--Called by Lewis and Clarke, the Lepage.--(Pac.
States, vol. 23. page 41).
1841.--JOHNSON, LIEUT.--Explores the Cascades from Puget
Sound.--(Wilkes' Narrative, vol. 4, pages 418 and 424).
1787.--JUAN DE FUCA STRAITS.--Discovered by Capt. Barclay, of the
Imperial Eagle.
1788.--The entrance was explored by Capt. Meares, in the Felice, and
named by him.--(History of Oregon,--Twiss, p. 19.--Pac. States, vol. 22,
page 197).
1805.--KLICKITAT RIVER.--Called by Lewis and Clarke, Cataract
River.--(Pacific States, vol. 23, page 45).
1833.--KELLY, HALL J.--First called attention to the feasibility of
settling the Pacific Coast by overland emigration. Arrived at Vancouver
this year.--(Pacific States, vol. 23, page 549).
1841.--LAVA formation limited to 48 deg. N.--(Wilkes' Narrative, vol. 4,
page 457).
1792.--LEDYARD leaves Paris for America, under the direction of
Jefferson, to discover the River of the West, but is stopped by the
Russians.--(Miners' and Travelers' Guide,--Mullan, page 53).
1834.--LEE, REV. JASON.--Established the first Mission in the Willamette
valley, ten miles below the present Salem.--(History of the Willamette
Valley, page 208).
1840.--Established a Methodist Mission at the Willamette
Falls.--(Pacific States, vol. 23, page 607).
1805-6.--LEWIS AND CLARKE.--Spent the winter at the mouth of the
Columbia.--(Oregon,--Moseley, page 8).
LEWIS RIVER.--The North Fork was known among Indians as Wicht, and was
considered the main river. The South Fork was known as Wa-co-ko, a Pike,
(fish); also Yac-co, for Yac-co prairies, near Mt. St. Helens.
1789.--MACKENZIE RIVER.--Named for Alexander Mackenzie.--(Zell's
Encyclopedia, vol. 2, page 264).
1793.--MACKENZIE, SIR ALEX.--Reached the Pacific overland, July
22.--(Barrows' Oregon, page 34).
1812.--MCKENZIE, DONALD.--Explored the Willamette Valley one hundred
miles or more.--(Pac. States, vol. 23, page 195).
1818.--McKenzie established Ft. Walla Walla.--(Pac. States, vol. 23,
page 273).
1825.--MCLAUGHLIN, JOHN..--Established Fort Vancouver, introduced live
stock, fruit, vegetables, grain, etc.
Took possession of Willamette Falls.--(Pac. States, vol. 23, pages 441
and 505).
MADISON, MT.--Is the Mt. McLaughlin of the British. Lat. 43 deg.
30'.--(Oregon and California,--Thornton, vol. 1, page 257).
MARY'S RIVER.--Named for an Indian woman, wife of a white man, who had
great trouble in making the crossing. Afterwards applied to Mary's Peak,
because the river rises there.--(Oregon and its Institutions,--Hines,
page 22).
1788.--MEARES, CAPT.--Reached the mouth of the Columbia without
discovering it, July 6th.--(History of Oregon,--Twiss, page 95).
1840.--MEEK, JOE.--Arrived in the Willamette Valley.--(Pac. States, vol.
23, page 456).
1846.--MODOC LAKES.--Discovered by Jesse Applegate.--(Pac. States, vol.
22, page 642).
1823.--MONROE DOCTRINE proclaimed.--(Burrows' Oregon, page 24).
1846-8.--MONROE, MT.--Same as Mt. Shasta--(Ore. and Cal.,--Thornton,
vol. 1, page 257).
1853.--NACHESS PASS.--5000 feet above sea level.--(Narrative of
1853,--Stevens, vol. 1, page 259).
1792.--NEAH BAY.--Called by Vancouver, Poverty Cove, and by the
Spaniards, Port Nunez Gaona.--(Three Years' Residence in W. T.,--Swan,
page 119).
1579.--NEW ALBION.--Named by Drake, who was crowned by the natives as
their king.--History of Oregon and California,--(Greenhow, page 73;
also, page 53 Mountains of Oregon.)
1792.--NEW DUNGENESS.--Named by Vancouver for Dungeness, in the British
Channel, because of the similar appearance.--(Vancouver, vol. 2, page
55).
1883.--NICKEL DEPOSIT in Douglas County.--(Mineral Resources of the U.
S.,--Williams, page 403).
1778.--NOOTKA SOUND.--Discovered by Capt. Cook, and named King George's
Sound, then changed by him to Nootka.--(Voyages of Capt. Cook, vol. 2,
page 270.)
1790.--NOOTKA TREATY.--Formed between Spain and England.--(Barrows'
Oregon, page 14).
1818.--NORTHERN BOUNDARY of the U. S. located at 49 deg. due west to the
Rocky Mountains.--(Burrow's Oregon, page 54).
1843.--NEZ PERCES.--Pierced Nose.--(Fremont, page 181).
1834.--NUTTALL AND TOWNSEND, scientists, arrived at Fort Vancouver with
Wyeth.--(Pac. States, vol. 23, page 577).
1792.--OAK POINT.--Named by Broughton because of finding the first oak
trees there.--(Vancouver, vol. 3, page 100).
1788.--OLYMPUS, MT.--Named by Capt. Meares, July 4th. Discovered by Juan
Perez, a Spanish pilot, and called El Cero de la Santa
Rosalia.--(Narrative of 1853, vol. 1, page 262).
1774.--OREGON.--First used by Capt. Jonathan Carver.--(History of the
Willamette Valley, page 73. See also page 53, Mountains of Oregon).
1846.--Bounded on the north by the 49 deg., on the east by the Rocky
Mountains, on the south by the 42 deg., and on the west by the Pacific
Ocean.--(Oregon and California,--Thornton, page 251).
1846.--Northern boundary first settled by treaty, July 17.--(Barrows'
Oregon, page 282).
1871-2.--Northern boundary finally settled by arbitration.--(Barrows'
Oregon, pages 56 and 318).
1874.--Once inhabited by a great number and variety of pre-Adamite
beasts.--(The Columbia River and Puget Sound,--Nordhoff, Harper's
Magazine for February, page 344).
1818.--Occupied jointly by the United States and England for ten
years.--(Barrows' Oregon, page 55).
1859.--Admitted to the Union with present limits, February
14th.--(Zell's Encyclopedia, vol. 2, page 527. Hill's Annotated Laws of
Oregon, vol. 1, page 77).
1792.--ORFORD, CAPE.--Named by Vancouver for Earl (George)
Orford.--(Vancouver, vol. 2, page 23).
1812-13.--PACIFIC FUR COMPANY.--The plot to rob Astor shown up by an
Englishman.--(History of Oregon,--Twiss, page 24).
1513.--PACIFIC OCEAN.--Discovered by Vasco Nunez de Balboa, governor of
the Spanish colony of Darien, and named by Fernando Magalhaens, or,
Magellan, a Portuguese in the naval service of Spain, because of being
so little disturbed by storms. Spoken of as "Mar del Sur."--(History of
Oregon and California,--Greenhow, pages 48 and 78. Barrows' Oregon, page
2).
1835.--PARKER, REV. SAMUEL.--Sent to Oregon by the American Board of
Foreign Missions.--(Oregon and California, vol. 2, page 22).
1745.--PARLIAMENTARY GRANT.--L20,000 voted by the House of Commons for
the discovery of a northwest passage by a British vessel.--(History of
Oregon,--Twiss, page 58).
1774.--PEREZ, JUAN.--Anchored in Nootka Sound.--(History of
Oregon,--Twiss, page 55).
1846-8.--PITT, MT.--Called at one time Mt. Jackson. (Oregon and
California,--Thornton, vol. 1, page 257).
1792.--POINT ADAMS.--See Adams' Point.
POINT DE LOS REYS.--Named by the Spaniards.--(Vancouver, vol. 2, page
413).
1791.--PORT ANGELES.--Named by Don Francisco Elisa, the Mexican. Called
by Vancouver False Dungeness, because of a similar appearance to New
Dungeness.--(Life on Puget Sound, page 153).
1792.--PORT DISCOVERY.--Named by Vancouver, for one of his
ships.--(Vancouver, vol. 2, page 66).
1841.--PORT GAMBLE.--Named by Wilkes for Gamble, a U. S. Naval
officer.--(Narrative of 1853, vol. 1, page 284).
1869.--Known among Indians as Teekalet.--(Life on Puget Sound, page
156).
1842.--PORTLAND.--Established by A. L. Lovejoy and F. W. Pettygrove, and
name agreed upon by tossing up a cent.--(Portland City Directory for
1872, page 10).
1786.--PORTLOCK, CAPT.--See Dixon and Portlock.
1841.--PORT LUDLOW.--Surveyed by Wilkes, and named for Ludlow, a U. S.
Naval officer.--(Narrative of 1853, vol. 1, page 283).
1792.--PORT TOWNSEND.--Visited by Vancouver, May 8th, and named in honor
of the Marquis of Townshend, who signed Vancouver's instructions. The h
was subsequently dropped.--(Life on Puget Sound, page 155. Stephens'
Narrative of 1853, vol. 1, page 283. Vancouver, vol. 2, page 76).
1853.--Known among Indians as Kahtai.--(Canoe and Saddle,--Winthrop,
page 11).
1854.--Surveyed by the U. S. Coast Survey.--(Stevens' Narrative of 1853,
vol. 1, page 283).
1792.--POSSESSION SOUND.--So named by Vancouver, because he landed there
on King George's birthday, and took possession of the country.--(The
Oregon Territory,--Nicolay, page 53.--Vancouver, vol. 2, page 170).
1792.--PUGET SOUND.--Discovered by Vancouver's lieutenant, Peter Puget,
and so named by Vancouver May 19th.--(Vancouver, vol. 2, page
146.--Narrative of 1853, vol. 1, page 289).
1853.--Known among Indians as Whulge.--(Canoe and Saddle,--Winthrop,
page 11; also among Klalams as K'uk'-luts page 43).
1792.--PROTECTION ISLAND.--Named by Vancouver because of its
advantageous location with reference to the harbor.--(Vancouver, vol. 2,
page 67).
1787.--QUEEN CHARLOTTE ISLANDS.--Named by Dixon.--(Encyclopaedia
Britannica, vol. 20, page 170).
1789.--Capt. Gray sailed round it and named it Washington, for his
sloop.--(Backwoods of Canada and Oregon Territory,--Nicolay, page 38).
1786.--QUEEN CHARLOTTE SOUND.--Named by Wedgboro in August.--(Vancouver,
vol. 2, page 308.)
1841.--RAINIER AND ST. HELENS in activity.--(Wilkes Narrative, vol. 4,
page 440).
1792.--RAINIER, MT.--Discovered by Vancouver on May 8th and named for
Rear Admiral Rainier of the English Navy.--(Vancouver, vol. 2, page 79).
1843.--An active volcano, November 13.--(Fremont, page 193).
1846-8.--Also known as Mt. Harrison.--(Oregon and California,--Thornton,
vol. 1, page 257. See pages 54, 55 and 59. Also Tacoma).
ROCK CREEK, near Mt. St. Helens, known among Indians as "Cut-to" (a sort
of guttural sound on first syllable), which means "swift stream."
1742-3.--ROCKY MOUNTAINS.--Named by Verendrye Brothers.--(History of the
Willamette Valley, page 70).
1798.--RUSSIAN AMERICAN FUR CO. given exclusive privileges.--(Barrows'
Oregon, page 23).
1821.--RUSSIA claims by public decree all of the Pacific Coast north of
latitude 51 deg. This claim was disputed by the U. S.--(Barrows' Oregon,
page 24).
1812.--Russians established at Bodega Bay.--(Barrows' Oregon, page 23).
1820.--Russians establish a fort forty miles north of Bodega
Bay.--(Barrows' Oregon, page 23).
1766.--Russian Fur Companies organized to operate in America.--(Barrows'
Oregon, page 23).
1824.--Russia withdraws to 54 deg. 40'.--(Barrows' Oregon, page 25).
1824.--Russia withdraws from California at the request of the U.
S.--(Barrows' Oregon, page 26).
1697.--RYSWICK TREATY FORMED.--(Barrows' Oregon, page 1. American
Cyclopedia, vol. 14, page 245).
1842.--SADDLE MOUNTAIN.--Called by the Indians "Swallalahoost." Named by
Wilkes, "Saddle Mountain."--(Oregon and Its Institutions,--Hines, page
21).
1805.--SANDY RIVER.--Called by Lewis & Clarke, "Quicksand
River."--(Pacific States, vol. 23, page 48).
1741.--ST. ELIAS, MT.--Discovered by Behring, July 18th.--(History of
the Willamette Valley, page 58).
1792.--ST. HELENS, MT.--Named by Vancouver for His Majesty's ambassador
at Madrid, October 20.--(Vancouver, vol. 2, page 399).
1831.--In a state of eruption.--(Oregon and California,--Thornton, vol.
1, page 256).
1843.--In activity November 13.--(Fremont, page 193).
1846.--Known among Americans as Mt. Washington.--(The Oregon
Territory,--Nicolay, page 109).
1843.--Described when in a state of eruption.--(History of
Oregon,--Wilkes, page 109).
1846-8.--Known also as Mt. John Adams.--(Oregon and
California,--Thornton, vol. 1, page 256).
1852-4.--An active volcano.--(Three years' residence in W. T.,
Swan--page 395. Canoe and Saddle, page 48).
Known among Indians as "Lou-wala'-clough," meaning Smoking Mountain.
Located in latitude 46 deg. 11' 52.3". Longitude 122 deg. 12' 37".
1805.--SAUVIES ISLAND.--Called by Lewis and Clarke, Wapato Island,
because of an abundance of wapatos found there. It subsequently acquired
its name from Jean Baptiste Sauve, a French Canadian, who established a
dairy there after the abandonment of Ft. William.--(Pacific States, vol.
23, pages 48 and 598).
SEATTLE.--Named for an Indian.--(Harper's Monthly for September, 1870,
page 490).
1846.--SHASTA, MT.--Called Pitt by the English, Jackson and Monroe by
the Americans, and Shasta by the trappers.--(The Oregon
Territory,--Nicolay, page 109). (Oregon and California,--Thornton, vol
1, page 257).
1788.--SHOALWATER BAY.--Discovered and named by Captain John Mears, July
5th.--(Mears' Voyages, vol. 1, page 263).
1852.--First surveyed by Lieut. Com. Alden.--(Narrative of 1853, vol. 1,
page 263).
1792.--SKAGIT HEAD.--Named by Vancouver.--(Life on Puget Sound, page
156).
1836.--SLACUM, WM. A.--An agent of the State Department, in the guise of
a private citizen, visited the Columbia and Willamette Rivers.--(Pacific
States, vol. 23, page 602).
SPAIN'S FIRST CLAIM TO OREGON.--(Barrows' Oregon, page 12).
1795.--Spain withdraws from Oregon.--(Barrows' Oregon, page 14).
Spaniards coveted a position in the East Indies, but the Bull of Pope
Alexander III precluded them from sailing eastward, round the Cape of
Good Hope, hence their attempts to go by way of the Pacific.--(History
of Oregon,--Twiss, page 50).
1800.--Spanish territory west of the Mississippi conveyed to
France.--(Barrows' Oregon, page 210).
1814.--Spanish claims conceded to the United States through France and
acknowledged by Great Britain.--(Barrows' Oregon, page 208).
SPELYAH PRAIRIE.--An Indian name, meaning Cayote.
SPIRIT LAKE.--Near Mt. St. Helens. Indian name, Che-wa-tum, meaning
Spirit.
1499-1500.--STRAITS OF ANIAN.--Supposed to have been discovered by
Gaspar Cortereal, who explored the coasts of Labrador, and named by him.
The name possibly signifies Brother. Cortereal had two brothers with
him. In the earliest maps the northwest part of America is called Ania.
Ani, in the Japanese language, signifies Brother.--(History of Oregon
and California,--Greenhow, page 47).
1592.--Purchas claimed in the seventeenth century, in his "Pilgrims"--a
narrative--that a Greek pilot, called Juan de Fuca, in the service of
the Spaniards, had informed Michael Lock, the elder, whilst he was
sojourning at Venice, that he had discovered (1596) the outlet of the
Straits of Anian, in the Pacific Ocean, between 47 deg. and 48 deg., and had
sailed through it into the North Sea.--(History of Oregon,--Twiss, page
18.--History of Oregon and California,--Greenhow, page 87).
1841.--SUNKEN FOREST in the Columbia described.--(Wilkes' Narrative,
vol. 4, page 381.--Burnett's Recollections of a Pioneer, page 136.--The
Oregon Territory, Nicolay,--page 137.--Fremont, page 195).
1841.--SURVEY OF PUGET SOUND finished.--(Wilkes' Narrative, vol. 4, page
479).
TACOMA, MT.--Ta-ho-ma is the Indian name for the Great Spirit who dwells
on the mountains.--(George Baily, in the Overland Monthly for Sept.,
1886, page 268).
1853.--Called by the Indians, Tacoma, a generic term also applied to all
snow peaks.--(Canoe and Saddle,--Winthrop, page 44).
TACOMA THE SECOND.--See Mt. Adams.
Tamanous is the name of the Great Spirit supposed to dwell on this
mountain.--(Canoe and Saddle, page 131). Tacoma the Less--(Canoe and
Saddle, page 280). Each fiery Tacoma.--(Canoe and Saddle, page 286). The
eruptions of the Tacomas.--(Canoe and Saddle, page 287). Tacoma, the
Nourishing Breast. Tahoma, almost to Heaven.--(Life on Puget
Sound,--Leighton, page 39). Red Tamahnous, Love.--(Life on Puget
Sound,--page 41), Black Tamahnous, Hate, Anger.--(Life on Puget Sound,
page 114).
1841.--TENINO MOUNDS.--Described.--(Wilkes' Narrative, vol. 4, page
415).
1848-9.--TERRITORIAL GOVERNMENT.--Granted, covering all the original
Oregon.--(Barrow's Oregon, page 335. Encyclopaedia Britannica, vol. 17,
page 825. General Laws of Oregon, page 52).
THE DALLES.--Stone pavement, or trough, or gutter.--(Pacific States,
vol. 23, page 44).
1788.--TILLAMOOK BAY.--Known as Murderers' Harbor and Quicksand
Bay.--(Pacific States, vol. 22, pages 188 and 198).
1806.--TILLAMOOK, OR KILLAMOOK HEAD.--Called by Clarke, Clarke's Point
of View.--(Pacific States, vol. 22, page 164, and vol. 23, page 58).
1792.--TONGUE POINT.--Named by Broughton.--(Vancouver, vol. 3, page 86).
1805.--Called by Lewis and Clarke, William.--(Pacific States, vol. 23,
page 53).
1834.--TOWNSEND, JOHN K.--A member of the Philadelphia Academy of
Natural Science, arrived at Vancouver with Wyeth, Sept.
16th.--(Townsend's Narrative, page 169. Pacific States, vol. 23, page
577).
TROUT LAKE.--Near Mt. St. Helens. Known among Indians as Qual-i'-as,
meaning Trout.
1806.--UMATILLA RIVER.--Called by the Indians, "Youmalolam."--(Pacific
States, vol. 23, page 64). Named for the Umatilla tribe of Indians.
1832.--UMPQUA FORT.--Built by John McLeod for the Hudson's Bay
Co.--(Pacific States, vol. 23, page 521).
1792.--UNITED STATES' CLAIMS TO OREGON.--1st, right of discovery; 2d, by
the Louisiana purchase; 3d, by prior explorations; 4th, by prior
settlements.--(Barrows' Oregon, pages 213, 216, 217 and 219).
1713.--UTRECHT TREATY.--Between France and England.--(Barrows' Oregon,
page 18).
1846-8.--VAN BUREN, MT.--Same as Olympus.--(Oregon and
California,--Thornton, vol. 1, page 257).
1826.--VANCOUVER, FORT.--Established by John McLaughlin, and
1849.--As a United States military post.--(Pacific States, vol. 23,
pages 437 and 439).
1792.--VANCOUVER ISLAND.--Named by Vancouver, Quadra and Vancouver
Island.--(Vancouver, vol. 2, page 357).
1598.--VISCAINO, SEBASTIAN.--Reached a headland at 42 deg. to which he gave
name of Cape Sebastian. The smallest of his three vessels, however,
conducted by Martin d'Aguilar and Antonio Florez, doubled Cape Mendocino
and reached 43 deg. where they found the mouth of a
1543.--River which Cabrillo has been supposed to have
discovered.--(History of Oregon,--Twiss, page 53).
1818.--WALLA WALLA, FORT.--Established by McKenzie.--(Pacific States,
vol. 23, page 273).
1805.--WAPATO ISLAND.--See Sauvie's Island, also--(Pacific States, vol.
23, page 593).
WASCO.--Horn Basin.--(Pacific States, vol. 23, page 44).
1853.--WASHINGTON TERRITORY formed March 2d.--(American Cyclopedia, vol.
12, page 560. Zell's Encyclopaedia, vol. 2, page 527).
1805.--WASHOUGAL RIVER.--Called by Lewis and Clarke, Seal
River.--(Pacific States, vol. 23, page 48).
1792.--WHIDBY'S ISLAND.--Named by Vancouver for one of his officers who
explored it.--(Vancouver, vol. 2, page 180).
1805.--WHITE SALMON.--Called Canoe River by Lewis and Clarke.--(Pacific
States, vol. 23. page 45).
1836.--WHITMAN, DR. MARCUS, arrived at Vancouver in September.--(History
of the Willamette Valley, page 213).
1842.--Started on his famous ride to Washington, October 3d, to prevent
our government from abandoning Oregon.--(Barrow's Oregon, page 166).
1843.--Saved by a mule.--(Barrows' Oregon, page 170).
1843.--Returns from Washington, September 4th, accompanied by 200 wagons
and 875 immigrants.--(Barrows' Oregon, page 250).
1847.--Murdered by the Indians in November.--(Barrows' Oregon, page
320).
1841.--WILKES, CHARLES,--DRAYTON, R. R. Waldron and two other men
visited the Willamette Valley on a scientific campaign.--(Pacific
States, vol. 23, page 673. Wilkes' Narrative, vol. 4, page 341).
1829.--WILLAMETTE FALLS taken possession of by McLaughlin, and a saw
mill established.--(Pacific States, vol. 23, page 505).
1806.--WILLAMETTE RIVER.--Part of it called by the Indians
Multnomah.--(Pacific States, vol. 23, page 60).
1843.--WINDS, peculiarity of, in the Columbia River.--(Fremont, page
190).
1834.--WORK, JOHN.--explored the Umpqua region.--(Pacific States, vol.
23, page 527).
1832.--WYETH, NATHANIEL J.--Arrives at Vancouver.
1834.--Arrives there second time, September 16th. Established Fort
William and a Salmon fishery on Wapato Island on his second trip.
1837.--Returns to Oregon again and sells Forts William and Hall to the
Hudson's Bay Co.--(Pacific States, vol. 23, pages 564, 592, 594 and
598).
YAQUINA BAY.--Probably named for Yaquina, a female Indian chief.--(Life
on Puget Sound, page 174).
1805.--YOUNG'S BAY.--Called by Lewis and Clarke, Meriwether
Bay.--(Pacific States, vol. 23, page 54).
1792.--YOUNG'S RIVER.--Named by Broughton for Sir George Young of the
Royal Navy.--(Vancouver, vol. 3, page 90).
Topical Index.
A
Adams, C. F., 3.
--Mt., 40, 47, 51, 52, 85.
Admiralty Inlet, 85.
Alaska, 85.
--Alakshak, 85.
--Aliaska, 85.
Alden, Lieut. Com., 103.
America, 85, 95.
American Bd. of Frn. Msns., 89.
--Fur Co., 86.
Ania, 104.
Applegate, Jesse, 86, 97,
--Route, 86.
Astoria, 86.
Astor, John Jacob, 86.
Atmospheric, River of Heat, 86.
B
Baker, Capt., 86, 87.
--Lieut., 52, 86.
--Mt., 40, 42, 52, 56, 86.
Baker's Bay, 86.
Barclay, Capt., 95.
Barlow,
--Palmer and Rector, 94.
--Road, 87.
Barnes, Miss Jane, 91.
Battle Rock, 87.
Beacon Rock, 52, 88.
Beaver, Steamer, 91.
Behring, 87, 102.
Belden, 93.
Bellingham's Bay, 87.
Bitter Root Range, 52, 87.
Blanchet, Father, 87.
Board of Admiralty, 85.
Bodega, Bay, 87, 102.
--Don Juan de la, 87.
Bonneville, B. L. E., 87.
Bourbon River, 53.
Breck, J. M. Jr., 3.
Bretherton, W. W., 69, 79.
Broughton, Lieut., 52, 53, 54, 86, 87, 88, 92, 93, 98, 106, 109.
Bulfinch's Harbor, 87, 92.
C
Cabrillo, 87, 107.
California, 21, 40, 84, 102.
Canal de Nuestra del Rosary, 92.
Cape Disappointment, 87, 90.
Cape Flattery, 88.
Cape Frondoso, 85, 89.
Cape Hancock, 88.
Cape Horn, 52, 82, 88.
Cape Mendocino, 107.
Cape San Roque, 87, 89.
Cape Sebastian, 107.
Canoe River, 108.
Carver, Capt. Jonathan, 53, 88, 98.
Cascade Range, 3, 6, 21, 52, 56, 88, 94, 95.
Cascades of the Columbia, 88.
Casey, Edw., 73.
Castle Rock, 52, 88.
Cataract River, 95.
Cathedral Rock, 21.
Clark's Point of View, 54, 106.
Cleetwood, 18, 19, 22, 23, 24.
--Cove, 25.
Coast of Cal. in South Sea, 54.
Coeur d'Alene Mts., 52.
Coffin, Mt., 52, 88.
Coleman, E. T., 86.
Columbia River, 3, 7, 8, 52, 87, 88, 91, 92, 93, 95, 96, 103.
Comcomli, 89.
Commencement Bay, 59, 90.
Cook, Capt., 88, 90, 93, 97.
Cooks River, 90.
Coppermine River, 93.
Corbett, Hon. H. W., 67, 82.
Cortereal, Gaspar, 104.
Corvallis, 90.
Cosmographiae Instructio, 85.
Cottel, Dr. Willis I., 73.
Crater Lake, 12, 13, 15, 17, 18, 25, 29, 31, 32, 33.
Cut-to, 101.
D
d'Aguilar, Martin, 90, 107.
Davey, Allen, 15.
Davidson, Elijah, 35.
Davis, Capt. Geo. W., 17, 18, 25.
Day, John, 94.
--River, 95.
de Balboa, Vasco Nunez, 99.
Deep Blue Lake, 13.
Deschutes River, 90.
Dewert, E. D., 34, 36.
Diamond Peak, 54.
Dixon, 90, 100, 101.
Dodd, Mr., 13.
Douglas, David, 90.
Drake, Sir Francis, 90.
Durham, N. W., 3.
Dutton, Capt., C. E., 17, 18, 25.
--Cliff, 25, 28, 30.
E
Eels, Edwin, 57.
El Cero de la Santa Rosalia, 54, 98.
Elisa, Don Francisco, 92, 99.
Ensenada de Asuncion, 89.
" " Heceta, 89.
Evans, Elwood, 65.
Exploration Department, 71.
F
False Dungeness, 90, 99.
Felice, The, 95.
Finch, Capt. D. B., 59.
Flett, John, 61, 63.
Florez, Antonio, 91, 107.
Fraser River, 91.
--Simon, 92.
Frazer Lake, 91.
Fremont, 92.
Frobisher, Martin, 91.
Furrelo, Bartoleme, 91.
G
Game Protective Department, 77.
Gill, John, 69.
Goat Mountain, 53, 92.
Goldsmith, H., 79.
Gorman, M. W., 73.
Gove, Chas. H., 3, 51.
Government Camp, 4, 6, 9.
Grant's Pass, 34, 39.
Gray, Capt., 85, 87, 88, 89, 92, 101.
Gray's Bay, 92.
--Harbor, 92.
Gulf of Georgia, 92.
H
Hall, Fort, 109.
Harkness, H. D., M. M., and F. M., 34.
Harrison, Mt., 54, 92, 101.
Hearne, Sam'l., 93.
Heceta, 87, 88, 93.
Hermann, Hon. Binger, 17.
Hillman, J. W., 13.
Himes, Geo. H., 69.
Hines, Rev. H. K., 94.
Hood, Lord, 53, 93, 94.
--Mt., 3, 7, 10, 33, 40, 41, 45, 47, 51, 53, 93, 94.
--River, 94.
Hood's Canal, 94.
Hudson's Bay, 53.
--Co., 61, 93, 94, 106, 109.
Hylacomylus, 86.
I
Idleman, C. M., 69.
Imperial Eagle, The, 95.
Indian Trail, 94.
Ingram, Prof., 49.
Isaac Todd, The, 91.
J
Jack, Capt., 41.
Jackson, Mt., 94, 99, 103.
Jefferson, 95.
--Mt. 6, 7, 40, 53, 94.
John Adams, Mt., 54, 103.
Johnson, Lieut., 95.
Josephine County Caves, 34.
Juan de Fuca, 95, 104.
K
Kahtai, 100.
Keene, Dr. J. M., 3, 6.
Kelly, Hall J., 95.
Killamook Head, 54, 106.
Kimmooenim, 90.
King George's Sound, 97.
--Co., 90.
Klamath, Ft., 12.
--Indians, 12, 15, 16, 17.
--Lake, 21.
Klickitat Indians, 64.
--River, 95.
Ko-ma, 56.
Kukluts, 54.
Kulshan, 86.
L
La Riche, 94.
Lake Majesty, 13.
Ledyard, 95.
Lee, Rev. Jason, 95.
Lepage, The, 95.
Lewis & Clarke, 52, 53, 54, 88, 94, 95, 102, 103, 106, 107, 108, 109.
Lewis River, 96.
Llao Rock, 14, 21, 24, 25, 30, 31, 32.
Lock, Michael, 104.
Longmire, 44, 48.
Louden, James, 13.
Lords of Admiralty, 93.
Louisiana, 92.
Lou-wala-clough, 54, 103.
Lovejoy, A. L., 100.
Ludlow, 100.
M
Mackenzie, Sir Alex., 91, 96.
--River, 96.
Madison, Mt., 53, 96.
Magalhaens, Fernando, 99.
Mar del Sur, 99.
Markle, Geo. B., 68, 69, 84.
Mary's Peak, 7, 96.
--River, 96.
Marysville, 90.
McCarver, Genl., 59.
McClellan, 89.
McKenzie, 107.
--Donald, 96.
McLaughlin, John, 53, 91, 96, 107, 108.
--Mt., 7, 53, 96.
McLeod, John, 106.
McManus, Pat., 13.
Meares, Capt., 54, 87, 88, 95, 96, 98, 103.
Meek, Joe, 96.
Meriwether Bay, 109.
Mill Creek, 27.
Mississippi River, 53, 92, 104.
Modoc Lakes, 97.
Monroe Doctrine, 97.
--Mt. 97, 103.
Montana del Carmelo, 52, 86.
Montgomery, 89.
Murderer's Harbor, 106.
Multnomah, 108.
Mysterious Lake, 13.
N
Nachess Pass, 97.
Nea Bay, 97.
New Albion, 53, 97.
" Caledonia, 53.
" Dungeness, 97, 99.
" Georgia, 53.
" Tacoma, 60, 61.
Nez Perces, 98.
Nichols, J., 43, 44, 48.
Nickel deposit, 97.
Nicolini, S. S., 34.
Nootka Sound, 97, 99.
--Treaty, 97.
Northern boundary of U. S., 97.
Northwest Co., 91, 94.
--Passage, 91, 99.
Norton, E. E., 79.
O
Oak Point, 98.
Olympus, Mt., 54, 98, 107.
Oregon, 3, 40, 54, 82, 83, 84, 91, 92, 93, 98.
--Alpine Club, 40, 49, 51, 67, 69, 82.
Orford, 99.
P
Pacific Fur Co., 99.
--Ocean, 99.
Paradise Valley, 45.
Parker, Rev. Sam'l., 99.
Parliamentary Grant, 99.
Pattle, Capt., 88.
Pat-to, 52, 85, 94.
Perez, Juan, 54, 98, 99.
Pettygrove, F. W., 100.
Phantom Ship, 29.
Photographic Department, 79.
Pitt, Mt., 21, 40, 94, 99, 103.
Plas, 53, 92.
Point Adams, 8, 85, 99.
" de los Reys, 99.
Polk, Mt., 52, 86.
Pope, Alexander III, 104.
Port Angeles, 99.
" Discovery, 100.
" Gamble, 100.
Portland, 3, 4, 7, 8, 17, 19, 32, 34, 49, 59, 82, 83, 100.
Portlock, Capt., 91, 100.
Port Ludlow, 100.
" Nunez Gaona, 97.
" Townsend, 100.
Poverty Cove, 97.
Possession Sound, 100.
President's Range, 52, 88.
Protection Island, 101.
Puget, Peter, 54, 100.
--Sound, 54, 55, 59, 60, 61, 64, 95, 100.
Purchas, 104.
Puyallup, 60.
--Indians, 55, 56, 61, 64.
Q
Quadra and Vancouver's Island, 107.
Qualias, 106.
Queen Charlotte Islands, 101.
--Sound, 101.
Quicksand Bay, 106.
--River, 102.
R
Rainier, Mt., 40, 43, 51, 54, 55, 59, 60, 61, 64, 101.
--Rear Admiral, 54, 101.
River Aguilar, 89.
" of the West, 53, 89, 95.
" Thegays, 89.
Rio de San Roque, 89.
Rock Creek, 101.
Rocky Mountains, 54, 91, 101.
Rogue River, 27.
--Falls, 27.
Ross, Geo., 13.
Royal Hort. Soc. of London, 90.
Russian American Fur Co., 101.
Ryswick Treaty, 102.
S
Saddle Mountain, 54, 102.
San Blas, 93.
Sandy River, 102.
Sauvie, Jean Baptiste, 103.
--Island, 103, 107.
Sba-date, 57.
Scott, Mt., 21.
Seahome, 88.
Seal River, 107.
Seattle, 57, 103.
Shasta, Mt., 31, 33, 40, 97, 103.
Shoalwater Bay, 103.
Siskiyou Mountains, 34.
Skagit, 56, 103.
Skeeters, Isaac, 13.
Slacum, Wm. A., 103.
Spelyah Prairie, 104.
Spirit Lake, 104.
Spocatilicum, 89.
Squallys, 61, 64.
Squa-tach, 56, 57.
Squat-utsh, 56.
Stanup, Rev. Peter, 56, 57.
Starr, Lewis M., 59.
Steel, James, 59.
Steel, W. G., 55, 69, 73.
St. Elias, Mt., 102.
Stevens, Gen. Hazard, 60.
St. George, 86.
St. Helens, Mt., 40, 47, 51, 54, 101, 102, 106.
St. Lawrence River, 53.
Stony Mountains, 54.
Straights of Anian, 53, 104.
Sunken Forest, 105.
Survey of Puget Sound, 105.
Swallalahoost, 54, 102.
T
Tacoma, 43, 51, 55, 56, 57, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 105.
--The Less, 105.
--The Second, 52, 85, 105.
--Mt., 54, 55, 58, 60, 105.
--Land Co., 56, 60.
--Ta-ho-ma, 105.
--Ta-ke-man, 55.
--Ta-ko-ber, 63.
--Ta-ko-bet, 55, 56.
--Ta-ko-man, 56, 57, 58, 63.
--Tamanous, 105.
--Te-ho-ma, 60, 63, 64.
--Twheque, 57.
--Twhauk, 57, 58.
Tacoutche, Tesse, 91.
Teekalet, 100.
Tenino, 105.
The Dalles, 106.
Thielsen, Mt., 21.
Thompson, Hon. D. P., 67, 83.
Three Sisters, 7, 40.
Tillamook Head, 54, 106.
Tongue Point, 106.
Towahnahiooks, 90.
Townsend, John K., 98, 106.
Townshend, Marquis, 100.
Trout Lake, 106.
U
Umatilla River, 106.
Umpqua, 108.
--Fort, 106.
U. S. Claims to Oregon, 106.
Utrecht Treaty, 106.
V
Van Buren, Mt., 54, 107.
Vancouver, Capt., 52, 54, 59, 60, 85, 86, 89, 92, 94, 97, 99, 100,
101, 102, 103, 107.
--Fort, 9, 53, 91, 95, 96, 98, 107, 108.
--Island, 107.
--Mt., 53, 94.
Van Trump, P. V., 48, 60.
Verendrye Brothers, 54, 101.
Vidae Cliff, 29.
Viscanio, Sebastian, 107.
W
Wa-co-ko, 96.
Wahn-na, 89.
Waldseemuller, Marti, 86.
Waldron, R. R., 108.
Walla Walla, Fort, 96, 107.
Wapato Island, 103, 107, 108.
Wasco, 107.
Washington, 40, 84, 101, 107.
--Mt., 7, 32, 53, 54, 102.
--Sloop, 89.
Washougal River, 107.
Wedgboro, 101.
Whidby's Island, 107.
White River Indians, 61.
Whitman, 92, 108.
White Salmon, 108.
Whulge, 54, 101.
Wicht, 96.
Wilkes, 54, 90, 100, 102, 108.
Willamette, 7, 94, 95, 96, 103, 108.
William, 106.
--Fort, 103, 108, 109.
Williams Creek, 35.
Winship, Capt., 91.
Winthrop, Theodore, 52, 59, 86, 89.
Witches Cauldron, 13, 21.
Wizard Island, 13, 21, 27.
Work, John, 108.
Wyeth, Nathaniel J., 98, 106, 108.
Y
Yac-co, 96.
Yaquina Bay, 109.
Yelm, 43.
Yocum, O. C., 3.
Youmalolam, 106.
Young's Bay, 109.
--River, 109.
Young, Sir George, 109.
* * * * *
Transcriber Notes:
Punctuation corrected without note.
page 19: "sidling" changed to "sliding" (When a sliding place
was reached).
page 19: "sideling" changed to "sliding" (very steep, sliding, rocky).
page 36: "acompanying" changed to "accompanying" (and accompanying
necessities).
page 42: "imimmediately" changed to "immediately" (and immediately
informs San Francisco of the contemplated attack,).
page 48: "decended" changed to "descended" (we descended about).
page 59: "Cotemporaneously" changed to "Contemporaneously"
(Contemporaneously Tacoma City,).
page 64: "Klikitat" changed to "Klickitat" (several bands of the
Klickitat).
page 91: "pages" changed to "page" (page 250).
page 99: "Portugese" changed to "Portuguese" (a Portuguese in the
naval service of Spain).
page 101 and 105: "Brittanica" changed to "Britannica"
(Encyclopaedia Britannica).
page 102: "embassador" changed to "ambassador" (His Majesty's
ambassador at Madrid).
page 104: "dicovered" changed to "discovered" (that he had
discovered).
page 111: "Nea" changed to "Neah" (Neah Bay).
page 112: "Waldscemuller" changed to "Waldseemuller"
(Waldseemuller, Marti).
End of Project Gutenberg's The Mountains of Oregon, by William Gladstone Steel