XX. And it is hereby further enacted by the Authority aforesaid, That

such of the Books, Papers and Writings which now belong to the said

United Company of Barbers and Surgeons, and relate to or concern the

Surgeons or Surgery only, shall immediately after the said first Day of

_July_ one thousand seven hundred and forty-five, be delivered by the

said Company of Barbers, established and incorporated by this Act, to

the Master and Governors, and Court of Assistants, of the said Company

of Surgeons established and incorporated by this Act, or such other

Person or Persons as they, or the major Part of them shall, by Writing

under their Hands appoint to receive the same, for the use and Benefit

of the said Company of Surgeons: And that the Master, Governors, and

Courts of Assistants of the same Company of Surgeons, or any of them, or

such other Person or Persons as they, or the major Part of them shall,

by Writing under their Hands appoint, shall and may, from time to time,

and at all seasonable Times, upon reasonable Notice, from and after the

first Day of _July_ one thousand seven hundred and forty-five have free

Access to, and Liberty to inspect and peruse, in the Hands of such

Person or Persons as the said Company of Barbers shall appoint to have

the Care and Custody thereof, all the rest of the Books, Papers and

Writings, and also all the Charters and Deeds which now belong to the

said United Company of Barbers and Surgeons; and from time to time to

take such Copies or Extracts of or from the same, or any of them, as the

said Master, Governors, and Court of Assistants of the said Company of

Surgeons, or the major Part of them, or such other Person or Persons so

to be appointed as aforesaid, shall from time to time desire or require;

and also that the said Company of Barbers shall, from time to time, and

at all Times, upon reasonable Notice, from and after the said first Day

of _July_, produce the said last mentioned Books, Papers, Writings,

Charters and Deeds, or any of them, at the Expense of the said Company

of Surgeons, upon any Trial at Law, or Hearing in Equity, or Examination

of Witnesses, or otherwise, where the said Company of Surgeons shall

have Occasion to make use thereof, or of any of them, and permit the

said Company of Surgeons to make use of the same accordingly.

XXI. Provided always, and it is hereby further enacted by the Authority

aforesaid, That every Person who hath been bound Apprentice to any

Member of the said United Company, and by the Laws or Custom of the City

of _London_, or otherwise, is or would be intitled to his Freedom of the

said United Company, and to the Freedom of the said City, in case this

present Act had never been made, shall be intitled and admitted to his

Freedom in the said Company or Corporation of Surgeons, if his Master is

or was an examined Surgeon, or else to his Freedom in the said Company

of Barbers; and in either Case shall be intitled and admitted to his

Freedom in the said City of _London_; any Law, Usage or Custom to the

contrary thereof in any wise notwithstanding.

XXII. And be it further enacted by the Authority aforesaid, That this

Act shall be deemed, adjudged and taken to be a Publick Act; and be

judicially taken Notice of as such by all Judges, Justices, and other

Persons whatsoever, without specially pleading the same.

-------

55. _Geo._ 3. _c._ 194.

An Act, for better regulating the Practice of Apothecaries throughout

_England_ and _Wales_.

Whereas His Majesty King _James_ the First, by Letters Patent, under the

Great Seal of _Great Britain_, bearing date the Sixth Day of _December_,

in the Fifteenth Year of His Reign, did for himself, his Heirs and

Successors, grant unto _William Beese_, and divers other Persons therein

named, and to all and singular other Persons whomsoever, brought up and

skilful ¡n the Art, Mystery, or Faculty of Apothecaries, and exercising

the same Art, Mystery, or Faculty then, being Freemen of the Mystery of

Grocers of the City of _London_, or being Freemen of any other Art,

Mystery, or Faculty in the said City of _London_ (so as they had been

brought up and were expert in the Art or Mystery of Apothecaries), that

they, and all such Men of the said Art or Mystery of Apothecaries of and

in the said City of _London_ and Suburbs of the same, and within Seven

Miles of the said City, might and should be one Body Corporate and

Politic, in Substance, Deed, and Name, by the Name of the Master,

Wardens, and Society of the Art and Mystery of Apothecaries of the City

of _London_; and did ordain and declare, that by the same name they

might have perpetual Succession, and have, purchase, possess, enjoy, and

retain Manors, Messuages, Lands, Tenements, Liberties, Privileges,

Franchises, Jurisdictions, and Hereditaments to them and their

Successors, in fee simple and perpetuity, or for term of year or years,

or otherwise, howsoever. And also Goods and Chattels, and all other

things soever, of what name, nature, kind, quality, or sort soever they

should be. And also, that they might grant, demise, alien, assign, and

dispose of Manors, Lands, Tenements, and Hereditaments, and do and

execute all and singular other Acts and things by the said name. And

that by the said name of Master, Wardens, and Society of the Art and

Mystery of Apothecaries of the City of _London_, they should and might

be able to plead and be impleaded, and might have for ever a common

Seal; and the same Seal at their pleasure from time to time might break,

change, alter, and new make, as to them should seem best. And his said

Majesty did, by his said Letters Patent, ordain and grant unto the said

Master, Wardens, and Society of the Art and Mystery of Apothecaries

aforesaid, certain Ordinances, Rules and Regulations, to be observed,

kept, and maintained by them, as in the said Charter are more fully

expressed.

_And whereas_ some of the Clauses and Provisions contained in the said

recited Charter, so far as the same regard the said Society of

Apothecaries, have been found inadequate for the purposes thereby

intended, and it is therefore expedient that the same should be altered,

varied, and enlarged, and further and other Provisions made;

May it therefore please Your MAJESTY,

That it may be enacted; _And be it Enacted_ by the KING’S Most Excellent

MAJESTY, by and with the advice and consent of the Lords Spiritual and

Temporal, and Commons in this present Parliament assembled, and by the

Authority of the same, that the said recited Charter of the Fifteenth

Year of the Reign of His Majesty King _James_ the First, and all and

every the Powers, Provisions, Penalties, Forfeitures, Regulations,

Clauses, matters and things therein contained (save and except such part

or parts thereof as are hereby altered, varied, or repealed), shall be,

and the same is and are hereby declared to be in full force and virtue,

and shall be as good, valid, and effectual, to all intents and purposes

whatsoever, as if this Act had not been made.

_And be it further Enacted_, That so much of the said recited Charter as

directs, That the said Master and Wardens, and their Successors, or some

or one of them, or some Assistants by the Master and Wardens to be

appointed and assigned, at fit and convenient times, and in manner and

form convenient and lawful, from time to time, as often as to the said

Master and Wardens shall seem expedient, shall and may go and enter into

any Shop or Shops, House or Houses, Cellar or Cellars, of any Persons

whomsoever, using or exercising the Art or Mystery of Apothecaries, or

any Part thereof, within the City of _London_, the Liberties or Suburbs

thereof, or within Seven Miles of the same City, as well within the

Liberty as without, where any Medicines, simple or compound, Wares,

Drugs, Receipts, Distilled Waters, Chemical Oils, Syrups, Conserves,

Lohocks, Electuaries, Pills, Powders, Lozenges, Oils, Ointments,

Plaisters, or any other things whatsoever, which belong or appertain to

the Art or Mystery of Apothecaries as is aforesaid, are likely to be

found; and to search, survey, and prove if the same Medicines, simple or

compound, Wares, Drugs, Receipts, Distilled Waters, Chemical Oils,

Syrups, Conserves, Lohocks, Electuaries, Pills, Powders, Lozenges, Oils,

Ointments, Plaisters, or any thing or things whatsoever belonging to the

Art or Mystery of Apothecaries aforesaid, be and shall be wholesome,

medicinable, meet and fit for the cure, health, and ease of His

Majesty’s Subjects;

_And also_ so much of the said recited Charter as directs, That the

aforesaid Master and Wardens of the Mystery aforesaid, and the said

Assistants for the time being, thereunto nominated and appointed by the

Master and Wardens, and their Successors from time to time, may have,

and by virtue of these Presents, shall have full power and authority to

examine and try all and singular Persons professing, using, or

exercising, or which hereafter shall profess, use, or exercise the Art

or Mystery of Apothecaries, or any part thereof, within the aforesaid

City of _London_, the Liberties or Suburbs thereof, or within Seven

Miles of the same City, as well within Liberties as without, touching or

concerning their and every of their knowledge, skill, and science, in

the aforesaid Art or Mystery of Apothecaries, and to remove and prohibit

all those from the exercise, use, or practice of the said Art or

Mystery, whom hereafter they shall find either unskilful, ignorant, or

insufficient, or obstinate, or refusing to be examined by virtue of

these Presents, in the Art or Mystery aforesaid. And also all and

singular Medicines, Wares, Drugs, Receipts, Distilled Waters, Oils,

Chemical Preparations, Syrups, Conserves, Lohocks, Electuaries, Pills,

Powders, Lozenges, Oils, Ointments, and Plaisters, and all other things

belonging to the aforesaid Art, which they shall find unlawful,

deceitful, stale, out of use, unwholesome, corrupt, unmedicinable,

pernicious, or hurtful, to burn before the Offender’s Doors. And also to

lay, impose, and exact Mulcts, and other Pains and Penalties, by Fines

and Amerciaments, upon such Offenders, according to their sound

discretions, and the Ordinances by them and their Successors so as

aforesaid to be made and appointed, shall be, and the same is hereby

repealed.

_And be it further Enacted_, That in lieu and stead thereof, the said

Master, Wardens, and Society of Apothecaries for the time being, and

their Successors, or any of the Assistants, or any other person or

persons properly qualified, as hereinafter is mentioned, to be by the

Master and Wardens nominated and assigned, not being fewer in number

than Two Persons at the least, shall and may from time to time, and at

all seasonable and convenient times, in the day time, as often as to the

said Master and Wardens it shall seem expedient, go and enter into any

Shop or Shops, of any person or persons whatever, using or exercising

the Art or Mystery of an Apothecary in any part of _England_ or _Wales_;

and shall and may search, survey, prove, and determine, if the

Medicines, simple or compound, Wares, Drugs, or any thing or things

whatsoever therein contained, and belonging to the Art or Mystery of

Apothecaries aforesaid, be wholesome, meet, and fit for the cure,

health, and ease of His Majesty’s Subjects; and all and every such

Medicines, Wares, Drugs, and all other things belonging to the aforesaid

Art, which they shall find false, unlawful, deceitful, stale,

unwholesome, corrupt, pernicious or hurtful, shall and may burn, or

otherwise destroy; and also shall and may report to the Master, Wardens,

and Assistants of the said Society, the Name or Names of such person or

persons as shall be found to have the same in their possession; and the

said Master, Wardens, and Assistants, shall and may impose and levy the

following Fines and Penalties upon each and every person whose Name

shall be so reported to them, as hereinafter mentioned: For the first

offence the Sum of Five Pounds; for the second offence the Sum of Ten

Pounds; and for the third, and every other offence, the Sum of Twenty

Pounds.

_Provided always, and be it Enacted_, That no person to be by the

Master, Wardens, and Assistants for the time being, chosen and appointed

a Member of the Court of Examiners, or to be by the Master and Wardens

nominated and assigned to go and enter into any Shop or Shops, for the

purposes aforesaid, within the City of _London_, the Liberties or

Suburbs thereof, or within Thirty Miles of the same, shall be deemed to

be properly qualified, unless he shall be a Member of the Society of

Apothecaries aforesaid, of not less than Ten Years standing; nor shall

any person be deemed to be properly qualified to be nominated and

assigned to go and enter into any Shop or Shops in any other part of

_England_ and _Wales_ for the purposes aforesaid, or to be appointed one

of the Five Apothecaries hereinafter mentioned, and directed to be

appointed for the purpose of examining Assistants to Apothecaries in

compounding and dispensing Medicines, as hereinafter is mentioned,

except he shall have been an Apothecary in actual practice for not less

than Ten Years at least, previously to his being so nominated, or

assigned, or appointed.

_And whereas_ it is the duty of every Person using or exercising the Art

and Mystery of an Apothecary, to prepare with exactness, and to dispense

such Medicines as may be directed for the sick by any Physician lawfully

licensed to practise Physic by the President and Commonalty of the

Faculty of Physic in _London_, or by either of the two Universities of

_Oxford_ or _Cambridge_; therefore, for the further protection,

security, and benefit of His Majesty’s Subjects, and for the better

regulation of the practice of Physic throughout _England_ and _Wales_,

_Be it Enacted_, That if any Person using or exercising the Art and

Mystery of an Apothecary, shall at any time knowingly, wilfully, and

contumaciously refuse to make, mix, compound, prepare, give, apply, or

administer, or any way to sell, set on sale, put forth, or put to sale

to any Person or Persons whatever, any Medicines, compound Medicines, or

medicinable Compositions, or shall deliberately or negligently, falsely,

unfaithfully, fraudulently, or unduly make, mix, compound, prepare,

give, apply or administer, or any way sell, set on sale, put forth, or

put to sale to any Person or Persons whatever, any Medicines, Compound

Medicines, or Medicinable Compositions, as directed by any Prescription,

Order or Receipt, signed with the initials in his own hand-writing, of

any Physician so lawfully licensed to practise Physic, such person or

persons so offending, shall, upon complaint made within Twenty-one Days

by such Physician, and upon conviction of such offence before any of His

Majesty’s Justices of the Peace, unless such Offender can shew some

satisfactory reason, excuse, or justification in this behalf, forfeit,

for the first offence the Sum of Five Pounds; for the second offence the

Sum of Ten Pounds; and for the third offence he shall forfeit his

Certificate, and be rendered incapable in future of using or exercising

the Art and Mystery of an Apothecary, and be liable to the Penalty

inflicted by this Act upon all who practise as such without a

Certificate, in the same manner as if such party so convicted had never

been furnished with a Certificate enabling him to practise as an

Apothecary; and such Offender so deprived of his Certificate, shall be

rendered and deemed incapable in future of receiving and holding any

fresh Certificate, unless the said party so applying for a renewal of

his Certificate, shall faithfully promise and undertake, and give good

and sufficient Security, that he will not in future be guilty of the

like offence.

_And be it further Enacted_, That each and every of them the said Master

and Wardens for the time being, may, and they are hereby respectively

empowered, by writing under his or their hands, to appoint any one or

more of the said Court of Assistants to act as Deputy Master, or as

Deputy Wardens, as the case may be, in all matters and things done, or

authorized to be done, by the said Master, or the said Wardens, under

and by virtue of the said recited Charter, or of this Act, and to remove

such Deputy Master, or Deputy Wardens so to be appointed from time to

time, as the said Master, or the said Wardens, shall respectively think

proper; and all acts, matters, and things which shall be lawfully done

by the said Deputy Master or Deputy Wardens so to be appointed as

aforesaid, as the case may be, shall be as good, valid, and effectual,

as if the same were done and performed by the said Master and Wardens

respectively.

_And whereas_ much mischief and inconvenience has arisen, from great

numbers of persons in many parts of _England_ and _Wales_ exercising the

functions of an Apothecary, who are wholly ignorant, and utterly

incompetent to the exercise of such functions, whereby the Health and

Lives of the Community are greatly endangered; and it is become

necessary that provision should be made for remedying such evils; _Be it

therefore further Enacted_, That the said Master, Wardens, and Society

of the Art and Mystery of Apothecaries of the City of _London_,

incorporated by the said recited Charter of His Majesty King _James_ the

First, and their Successors, shall be, and they are hereby appointed and

constituted, directed and empowered, for ever to superintend the

execution of the provisions of this Act, and to enforce and carry the

several regulations and provisions thereof, in relation to the several

persons practising the Art or Mystery or Profession of an Apothecary

throughout _England_ and _Wales_, and all other the purposes of this

Act, into full execution.

_And be it further Enacted_, That no Act of the said Master, Wardens,

and Society of Apothecaries, incorporated as aforesaid, for the carrying

any of the powers and provisions of this Act into execution, shall be,

or be deemed to be good or valid (save and except as to such Acts as

shall be done by the said Master, Wardens, and Assistants, or others

appointed by them, or any of them, as hereinbefore is provided, in

pursuance of the Powers and Authorities hereinbefore given to them to

enter into Shops to search for, examine and destroy unwholesome Drugs or

Medicines, and also save and except as to such acts as shall be done by

the said Court of Examiners, or the major part of them present, or by

the Five Apothecaries hereinafter mentioned, or the major part of them

present, in pursuance of the authorities hereinafter given to them),

unless the same be done at some Assembly or Meeting to be holden by the

said Master, Wardens, and Society, in the Hall of the said Society. And

that all the Powers and Authorities by this Act granted to, or vested

in, the said Master, Wardens, and Society as aforesaid, shall and may

from time to time be exercised by the Master, Wardens, and Assistants of

the Art and Mystery of Apothecaries aforesaid for the time being, or by

the major part of them present, who shall attend at any such Assembly or

meeting to be holden as aforesaid (the number present at such Assemblies

or Meetings not being less than Thirteen, of which the said Master for

the time being shall always be one), and all the Orders and Proceedings

of the said Master, Wardens, and Assistants for the time being, or of

such major part as aforesaid, shall have the same force and effect, as

if the same were made or done by the said Master, Wardens and Society of

Apothecaries incorporated as aforesaid.

_And be it further Enacted_, That for the purposes of this Act, so far

as the same regards the Examination of Apothecaries, and Assistants to

Apothecaries, Twelve Persons properly qualified, as hereinbefore is

mentioned, shall be chosen and appointed by the said Master, Wardens,

and Assistants for the time being, (who are hereby authorized and

empowered to choose and appoint such Persons, and to remove or displace

them from time to time, as they the said Master, Wardens, and Assistants

for the time being, shall deem adviseable), and such Persons, when so

chosen and appointed, or any Seven of them, shall be, and be called the

Court of Examiners of the Society of Apothecaries; and such Court of

Examiners, or the major part of them present at any meeting, shall have

full power and authority, and are hereby authorized and empowered to

examine all Apothecaries, and Assistants to Apothecaries, throughout

_England_ and _Wales_, and to grant or refuse such Certificate, as

hereinafter is mentioned. And such Court of Examiners, or the major part

of them, shall, and they are hereby required to meet and assemble in

some convenient Room in the Hall of the said Society, once at least in

every week, for the purpose of such Examination, and then and there to

examine all Persons applying to be examined, and duly qualified so to be

by virtue of this Act.

_And be it further Enacted_, That at any such Meetings of the said

Examiners, a Chairman shall and may be appointed; and when and so often

as it shall so happen that there shall be an equal number of Votes upon

any one question (including the Vote of the said Chairman), then and in

such case, it shall and may be lawful to and for the said Chairman to

give the casting or decisive Vote.

_And be it further Enacted_, That no person shall be capable of acting

as an Examiner, under and by virtue of this Act, until he shall have

taken and subscribed the following Oath:

“I, _A. B._ do solemnly promise and swear (or, being one of the people

called Quakers, do solemnly affirm) that I will faithfully,

impartially, and honestly, according to the best of my skill and

knowledge, execute the trust reposed in me by the Master, Wardens, and

Society of the Art and Mystery of Apothecaries of the City of

_London_, as an Examiner, in the Examination of every person who shall

come before me to be examined, as to his fitness or qualification to

act as an Apothecary, or Assistant to an Apothecary, as the case may

be, and that without favour, affection, prejudice, or malice.

“So help me God.”

which Oath, or Affirmation, the said Master, Wardens, or Court of

Assistants, or the major part of them, are hereby authorized and

required to administer.

_And be it further Enacted_, That all Persons so to be chosen and

appointed Examiners as aforesaid, shall continue in Office for the space

of One Year from the time of their Appointment, (except in case of

Death, or being removed or displaced by the said Master, Wardens, and

Assistants as aforesaid). _Provided always_, That it shall and may be

lawful to and for the said Master, Wardens, and Assistants, to choose

and appoint any such Person or Persons going out of Office, again to be

an Examiner or Examiners, as aforesaid, if they the said Master,

Wardens, and Assistants, shall deem it adviseable so to do.

_And be it further Enacted_, That in case any Person or Persons so to be

chosen, and appointed, shall happen to die during the time he or they

shall continue to be an Examiner or Examiners, or be removed or

displaced as aforesaid, then it shall and may be lawful for the said

Master, Wardens, and Assistants, to choose and appoint any other Person

or Persons properly qualified, to be an Examiner or Examiners as

aforesaid, in the room of the Person or Persons so dying, or removed, or

displaced as aforesaid; and every Person or Persons so chosen and

appointed, shall continue in Office for such time and no longer, as the

Person or Persons in whose room or stead he or they shall be so chosen

and appointed, would have continued in Office.

And to prevent any Person or Persons from practising as an Apothecary,

without being properly qualified to practise as such, _Be it further

Enacted_, That from and after the First Day of August, One Thousand

Eight Hundred and Fifteen, it shall not be lawful for any Person or

Persons (except persons already in practice as such), to practise as an

Apothecary in any part of _England_ or _Wales_, unless he or they shall

have been Examined by the said Court of Examiners, or the major part of

them, and have received a Certificate of his or their being duly

qualified to practise as such, from the said Court of Examiners, or the

major part of them, as aforesaid; who are hereby authorized and required

to examine all Person and Persons applying to them, for the purpose of

ascertaining the skill and abilities of such person or persons in the

Science and Practice of Medicine, and his or their fitness and

qualification to practise as an Apothecary; and the said Court of

Examiners, or the major part of them, are hereby empowered either to

reject such Person or Persons, or to grant a Certificate of such

Examination, and of his or their qualification to practise as an

Apothecary as aforesaid: _Provided always_, That no Person shall be

admitted to such Examination until he shall have attained, the full age

of Twenty-one Years.

_Provided always, and be it Enacted_, That no Person shall be admitted

to any such Examination for a Certificate to practise as an Apothecary,

unless he shall have served an Apprenticeship of not less than Five

Years to an Apothecary, and unless he shall produce Testimonials to the

satisfaction of the said Court of Examiners, of a sufficient Medical

Education, and of a good moral conduct.

_And be it further Enacted_, That every Person intending to qualify

himself under the regulations of this Act to practise as an Apothecary,

in any part of _England_ or _Wales_, shall give notice to the Clerk of

the said Master, Wardens, and Society of Apothecaries as aforesaid, of

his intention so to do, who shall notify the same to the said Master,

Wardens, and Society of Apothecaries as aforesaid; and the Person so

intending to qualify himself, shall present himself at the Meeting held

by the said Court of Examiners next succeeding such Notice, and shall

undergo such Examination by the said Court of Examiners as aforesaid, or

at some other Meeting, as shall or may be appointed and fixed upon by

the said Master, Wardens, and Society of Apothecaries, or by the said

Court of Examiners, or the major part of them, as aforesaid, for that

purpose.

_And be it further Enacted_, That from and after the First Day of

August, One Thousand Eight Hundred and Fifteen, it shall not be lawful

for any Person or Persons (except the Persons then acting as Assistants

to any Apothecaries as aforesaid, and excepting Persons who have

actually served an Apprenticeship of Five Years to an Apothecary) to act

as an Assistant to any Apothecary, in compounding or dispensing

Medicines, without undergoing an Examination by the said Court of

Examiners, or the major part of them, or by Five Apothecaries, so to be

appointed as hereinafter is mentioned, and obtaining a Certificate of

his or their qualification to act as such Assistant, from the said Court

of Examiners, or the major part of them, or from the said Five

Apothecaries, who are hereby authorized and empowered to examine all

persons applying to them for that purpose, and to grant a Certificate of

such fitness and qualification.

_And be it further Enacted_, That for the purposes of this Act, it shall

and may be lawful to and for the said Master and Wardens for the time

being, or to and for the said Court of Examiners, by writing under their

hands, from time to time to appoint Five Apothecaries in any County or

Counties respectively throughout _England_ and _Wales_ (except within

the said City of _London_, the Liberties or Suburbs thereof, or within

Thirty Miles of the same), to act for such County or Counties, or any

other County or Counties near or adjoining, and to remove or displace

them from time to time, as they the said Master and Wardens, or the said

Court of Examiners, shall deem adviseable; and such Five Apothecaries so

to be appointed respectively, as aforesaid, at any Meeting to be held by

them as hereinafter mentioned, shall have full power and authority, and

are hereby authorized and empowered to examine, all Assistants to

Apothecaries throughout the County or Counties in regard of which such

Apothecaries shall have been so appointed as aforesaid, and to grant or

refuse such Certificate to every such Assistant to Apothecaries, as

hereinbefore is authorized in that behalf; and a Meeting of the said

Apothecaries, for the purposes aforesaid, shall be held monthly in the

County Town of some one of the Counties for which they shall have been

appointed to act as aforesaid; and that no act of such Apothecaries

shall be, or be deemed to be good or valid, unless the same be done at

some such Meeting; and that all the Powers and Authorities by this Act

granted to or vested in such Five Apothecaries, shall and may from time

to time be exercised by the major part of them, who shall attend at any

Meeting to be holden as above directed, the number of such Apothecaries

present at any such Meeting not being less than Three; and all the

Orders, Directions, and Certificates of the major part of such

Apothecaries present at any such Meeting, shall have the same force and

effect as if the same were made, done, or signed by all the said Five

Apothecaries for the time being; and at every such Meeting of the said

Apothecaries, a Chairman shall and may be appointed, and when, and so

often as it shall so happen that there shall be an equal number of Votes

upon any one question (including the Vote of the said Chairman) then and

in such case, it shall and may be lawful to and for the said Chairman to

give the casting, or decisive Vote.

_And be it further Enacted_, That the Sum of Ten Pounds Ten Shillings

shall be paid to the said Master, Wardens, and Society of Apothecaries,

for every such Certificate as aforesaid, on obtaining the same, by every

person intending to practise as an Apothecary within the City of

_London_, the Liberties or Suburbs thereof, or within Ten Miles of the

same City; and the Sum of Six Pounds Six Shillings by every person

intending to practise as an Apothecary in any other part of _England_ or

_Wales_ (except the said City of _London_, the Liberties or Suburbs

thereof, or within Ten Miles of the said City:) and no person having

obtained a Certificate to practise as an Apothecary in any other part of

_England_ or _Wales_ (except the said City of _London_, the Liberties or

Suburbs thereof, or within Ten Miles of the said City as aforesaid),

shall be entitled to practise within the said City of _London_, the

Liberties or Suburbs thereof, or within Ten Miles of the said City,

unless and until he shall have paid to the said Master, Wardens, and

Society, the further Sum of Four Pounds Four Shillings, in addition to

the said Sum of Six Pounds Six Shillings so paid by him as aforesaid,

and shall have had endorsed on his said Certificate, a Receipt from the

said Master, Wardens, and Society, for such additional Sum of Four

Pounds Four Shillings; and the Sum of Two Pounds Two Shillings by every

Assistant; and the several Sums of Money arising from the granting of

such Certificates, shall be applied in manner hereinafter directed.

_And be it further Enacted_, That if any person (except such as are then

actually practising as such) shall, after the said First Day of August,

One Thousand Eight Hundred and Fifteen, act or practise as an Apothecary

in any part of _England_ or _Wales_, without having obtained such

Certificate as aforesaid, every person so offending shall for every such

Offence, forfeit and pay the Sum of Twenty Pounds; and if any person

(except such as are then acting as such, and excepting persons who have

actually served an Apprenticeship as aforesaid) shall, after the said

First Day of August, One Thousand Eight Hundred and Fifteen, act as an

Assistant to any Apothecary, to compound and dispense Medicines, without

having obtained such Certificate as aforesaid, every person so

offending, shall for every such offence forfeit and pay the Sum of Five

Pounds.

_And be it further Enacted_, That no Apothecary shall be allowed to

recover any Charges claimed by him in any Court of Law, unless such

Apothecary shall prove on the Trial, that he was in practice as an

Apothecary prior to, or on the said First Day of August, One Thousand

Eight Hundred and Fifteen, or that he has obtained a Certificate to

practise as an Apothecary, from the said Master, Wardens, and Society of

Apothecaries as aforesaid.

_Provided always, and be it further Enacted_, That if the said Court of

Examiners, or the major part of them, having examined any Person or

Persons applying to qualify himself or themselves to practise as an

Apothecary, or if they, or the said Five Apothecaries so to be appointed

for any County or Counties as aforesaid, having examined any Person or

Persons applying to qualify himself or themselves to practise as an

Assistant to an Apothecary, in compounding and dispensing Medicines,

shall see cause to refuse such Certificate as aforesaid, to any such

Person or Persons so applying to qualify himself or themselves as an

Apothecary or Assistant as aforesaid; yet it shall and may be lawful for

such Person or Persons who shall be so refused, to apply at any future

time to be again examined, so that such second application by any Person

or Persons applying to qualify himself or themselves as an Apothecary,

be not within Six Months of such first Examination; and so that such

second application by any person or persons applying to qualify himself

or themselves as an Assistant, be not within Three Months of such first

Examination; and if on such re-examination he or they shall appear to

the persons examining, to be then properly qualified, it shall and may

be lawful for the said Court of Examiners, or to and for the said Five

Apothecaries in any County or Counties as aforesaid, to grant such

person or persons so applying, such Certificate as aforesaid.

_Provided always, and be it further Enacted_, That the said Master,

Wardens, and Society of Apothecaries, do make annually, and cause to be

printed, an exact List of all and every person who shall in that year

have obtained a Certificate to practise as an Apothecary, with their

respective residences attached to their respective Names.

_And be it further Enacted_, That all and every Sum or Sums of Money

which shall be received or arise from the granting of the Certificate of

Examination hereinbefore required, shall belong to, and be appropriated

and disposed of by the said Master, Wardens, and Society of Apothecaries

as aforesaid, in such manner as they shall from time to time direct and

deem most expedient.

_And be it further Enacted_, That all Sum and Sums of Money arising from

Conviction and recovery of Penalties for Offences committed against the

Authorities and Provisions of this Act, shall be applied and disposed of

in manner following, (viz.) One Half thereof to the Informer or

Informers, and One Half thereof to the said Master, Wardens, and Society

of Apothecaries as aforesaid, to be appropriated and disposed of by them

in such manner as they shall deem most expedient.

_And be it further Enacted_, That all Penalties and Forfeitures by

virtue of this Act imposed, (the manner of levying and recovering

whereof is not otherwise hereby particularly directed, shall, if such

Penalties and Forfeitures shall exceed the Sum of Five Pounds, be

recovered by Action or Suit at Law, in the Name of the Master, Wardens,

and Society of the Art and Mystery of Apothecaries of the City of

_London_, in any of His Majesty’s Courts of Record in _England_ or

_Wales_, wherein no Essoign, Protection, or Wager at Law, or more than

one Imparlance shall be allowed); and if such Penalty or Forfeiture

shall amount to less than the Sum of Five Pounds, then the same shall be

levied and recovered by Distress and Sale of the Goods and Chattels of

the Offender, by Warrant under the Hand and Seal of any Justice of the

Peace acting for any County, City, Town, or Place where the Offence

shall be committed (which Warrant such Justice is hereby empowered and

required to grant upon the confession of the Party, or upon the Evidence

of any credible Witness upon Oath; and which Oath such Justice is hereby

empowered to administer); and the overplus (if any), of the Money

arising by such Distress and Sale, shall be returned upon demand to the

Owner of such Goods and Chattles, after deducting the Costs and Charges

of making, keeping, and selling the Distress; and in case sufficient

Distress shall not be found, or such Forfeitures and Penalties shall not

be paid forthwith, it shall be lawful for such Justice, and he is hereby

authorized and required, by Warrant under his Hand and Seal, to cause

the Offender to be committed to the Common Gaol for the County, City,

Town, or Place, where the Offence shall be committed, there to remain

without Bail or Mainprize for any time not exceeding One Calendar Month,

unless such Penalties, and Forfeitures, and Costs, shall be sooner fully

paid and satisfied.

_And be it further Enacted_, That where any Distress shall be made for

any Sum of Money to be levied by virtue of this Act, the Distress itself

shall not be deemed unlawful, nor the Party or Parties making the same

be deemed a Trespasser or Trespassers, on account of any defect or want

of Form in the Notice or Information, Summons, Conviction, Warrant, or

Distress, or other proceeding relating thereto; nor shall the Party or

Parties distraining be deemed a Trespasser or Trespassers _ab initio_,

on account of any irregularity which shall be afterwards done by the

Party or Parties so distraining; but the person or persons aggrieved by

such irregularity, may recover full satisfaction for the special damage

in an Action upon the Case.

_Provided always, and be it further Enacted_, That nothing in this Act

contained shall extend, or be construed to extend, to prejudice, or in

any way to affect the trade or business of a Chemist and Druggist, in

the buying, preparing, compounding, dispensing, and vending Drugs,

Medicines, and Medicinable Compounds, wholesale and retail; but all

persons using or exercising the said trade or business, or who shall or

may hereafter use or exercise the same, shall and may use, exercise, and

carry on the same trade or business in such manner, and as fully and

amply to all intents and purposes, as the same trade or business was

used, exercised, or carried on by Chemists and Druggists before the

passing of this Act.

_Provided always, and be it further Enacted_, That nothing in this Act

contained, shall extend or be construed to extend to lessen, prejudice,

or defeat, or in any wise to interfere with any of the Rights,

Authorities, Privileges, and Immunities heretofore vested in, and

exercised and enjoyed by either of the Two Universities of _Oxford_ or

_Cambridge_, the Royal College of Physicians, the Royal College of

Surgeons, or the said Society of Apothecaries respectively, other than

and except such as shall or may have been altered, varied, or amended in

and by this Act, or of any Person or Persons practising as an Apothecary

previously to the First Day of August, One Thousand Eight Hundred and

Fifteen; but the said Universities, Royal Colleges, and the said

Society, and all such Persons or Person, shall have, use, exercise, and

enjoy all such Rights, Authorities, Privileges, and Immunities, save and

except as aforesaid, in as full, ample, and beneficial a manner to all

intents and purposes, as they might have done before the passing of this

Act, and in case the same had never been passed.

_Provided always, and be it further Enacted_, That no Action or suit

shall be brought or prosecuted against any Person or Persons, Body or

Bodies Politic, Corporate or Collegiate, for any thing done in pursuance

of this Act, after Six Calendar Months next after the fact committed; or

in case there shall be a continuation of Damages, then after Six

Calendar Months next after the doing or committing such Damage shall

have ceased, and not afterwards. And every such Action or Suit shall be

laid and brought in the County where the matter in dispute shall arise,

and not elsewhere; and the Defendant and Defendants in every such Action

or Suit, shall or may, at his, her, or their election, plead specially

the General Issue, and give this Act, and the Special Matter, in

Evidence, at any Trial to be had thereupon, and that the same was done

in pursuance, and by the authority of this Act. And if it shall appear

to have been so done, or if any such Action or Suit shall have been

brought before Twenty-one Days’ Notice shall have been given, or

sufficient satisfaction made or tendered, as aforesaid, or shall be

brought in any other County or Place than as aforesaid, then, and in

every such case, the Jury shall find for the Defendant or Defendants;

and upon such Verdict, or if the Plaintiff or Plaintiffs shall become

Nonsuit, or suffer a discontinuance of his, her, or their Action or

Suit, after the Defendant or Defendants shall have appeared, or if a

Verdict shall pass against the Plaintiff or Plaintiffs, or if upon

Demurrer or otherwise, Judgment shall be given against the Plaintiff or

Plaintiffs, then the Defendant or Defendants shall have Double Costs,

and shall have such remedy for recovering the same, as any Defendant

hath for recovering Costs of Suit in any other Cases by Law.

_And be it further Enacted_, That this Act shall be deemed and taken to

be a Public Act, and shall be judicially taken notice of as such, by all

Judges, Justices, and others, without being specially pleaded.

-------

A Royal Charter granted to the Apothecaries of London 30 Maii 13

Jacobii.

(From Goodall’s Collection, p. 119.)

Rex omnibus ad quos &c. salutem. Cum antehac per Letteras nostras Paten’

sub magno sigillo nostro Anglie confect’ geren’ dat apud Westm’ nono die

Aprilis Anno regni nostri Anglie Francie et Hibernie quarto & Scocie de

gratia nostra speciali voluerimus ordinaverimus & concesserimus quod

omnes et singuli liberi homines mysterii Grocer’ & Pharmacopol’ civitat’

London & Successores sui deinceps in perpetuum pro meliori ordine

gubernatione et regimine hominum myster’ Grocer’ & Pharmacopol’

Civitatis London ac pro utilitate commodo et relevamine bonorum et

proborum ac formidine et correctione malorum dolorosorum et improborum

forent et essent vigore earundem Litterarum Paten’ unum corpus

corporatum et politicum in re facto et nomine per nomen Custod’ &

Communitatis myster’ Grocer’ Civitat’ London et eosdem per nomen Custod’

et Communitat’ myster’ Grocer’ Civitat’ London unum corpus corporatum &

politicum in re facto et nomine realiter & ad plenum pro nobis heredibus

& successoribus nostris per easdem Litteras nostras paten’ adtunc

exereximus fecerimus ordinaverimus constituerimus & declaraverimus &

quod per idem nomen successionem h’erent perpetuam prout per easdem

Litteras nostras Patent’ (inter alia) plenius liquet et apparet. Jam

vero quum nobis sit demonstratum ex parte dilectorum subditorum

Pharmacopol’ Civitat’ nostre London necnon nobis adfirmatum & approbatum

per dilectos nobis Theodorum de Mayerne & Henricum Atkins in Medicinis

Doctores Medicos Nostros discretos et fideles Quod hiisce proximis annis

quamplurimi empyrici et homines ignari & inexperti in Civitate nostra

London ac ejusdem Suburbiis inhabitant et commorantes qui in

Pharmacopoli arte & mysterio hand instituti sed in eadem imperiti &

rudes quamplurima insalubria nociva falsa corrupta perniciosa faciunt &

componunt medicamenta eademque in plurimis hujus regni nostri Anglie

partes vendunt & assidue transmittunt in convitium et opprobrium non

solum Medicine scientie illius colende Medicorumque hujus regui nostri

Anglie literat’ eandem profitentium necnon Pharmacopœiorum Civitat’

nostre London in eadem arte & mysterio educat’ & expert verum eciam in

subditor’ nostror’ pericula et assidua vite discrimina. Cumque ad jura

nostra regia & regimen supremum pro universos subdit’ nostros

singulasque regni nostri partes membra et societates temperamus &

complectimur spectat ut pro bono publico & temporum ratione novas

Societates atque nova Corpora corporat’ et politica creare erigere

instituere & superinducere ad beneplacitum nostrum possumus tam ex

personis que prius plane seperat’ & in null’ corpus redact’ & collect’

fuerunt quam ex membris Corporum corporat’ veter’ ubi hoc ad melius

regimen populi nostri videbitur expedire. Nos igitur considerantes

officii nostri Regii munus esse subditorum nostrorum saluti et bono

publico omnibus viis & modis providere & consulere ac nobiscum

perpendentes quomodo improborum istorum hominum conatibus tempestive

occurramus (de advisament’ Consilii nostri in legibus eruditi) apprime

necessarium duximus Pharmacopæios Civitat’ nostra London ab hominibus

liberis myster’ Grocer’ ejusdem disunire disgungere separare &

dissociare ac easdem Pharmacopœios per seipsos solum et divisum ac ab

hominibus liberis myster’ Grocer’ predict’ ad omnes intentiones &

proposit’ disunitos & separatos in unum Corpus corporat’ & Politicum

erigere creare & constituere ad quos omni futuro tempore incommodorum

istorum cura & correctio demandata & commissa foret. Ita tamen ut

superior’ ac general’ regimen’ Civitat’ nostre London & Magistrat’

ejusdem in modum aliarum Societat’ subjiciantur. SCIATIS igitur quod nos

dilectorum & fidelium Medicor’ nostror’ Theodori de Mayerne & Henrici

Atkins necnon Pharmacopœiorum predict’ precibus inclinati potissimum

verò ex Regali nostra cura & solicitudine Statum Reipublice promovendi

ac bonum publicum procurandi ut Empiricorum & hominum ignor’ & inexpert’

predictor’ inscitia temeritasque compiscatur unde plurima incommoda et

pericula rudi & credule plebi assidue oriantur. Ac ut Pharmacopœi

inferius nominati tam a predicto Corpore politico liberorum hominum

myster’ Grocer’ Civitat’ London quam a quibuscunque aliis corporibus

Politicis Societat’ sive Communitat’ quarumcunque aliar’ artium

facultat’ sive myster’ in eadem Civitate nostra London disuniantur

separentur & disjungantur ac in Corpus unum Politicum & Corporatum per

seipsos per nos facti constituti & creari imposterum perpetuis futuris

temporibus ad omnia proposita & intentiones sint et remaneant quam pro

aliis causis urgentibus nos specialiter moventibus de gra’ nostra

speciali ac ex certa scientia & mero motu nostris volumus ac per

presentes pro nobis heredibus & successor’ nostris Willielmo Besse,

Edmundo Philips (_et_ 114 _aliis nominatis_) ac omnibus aliis personis

quibuscunque subditis nostris naturalibus in arte facultate sive

mysterio Pharmacopœior’ educat’ & perit’ eandemque artem facultatem sive

mysterium hoc tempore exercen’ sive existen’ liberis hominibus myster’

Grocer’ Civitat’ London ac cum eisdem conjunctim & promiscue in unum

Corpus corporatum & Communitat’ antehac per nos seu per aliquem vel

aliquos Progenitor’ nostrorum fact’ incorporat’ sive constitut’. Quod

ipsi et eorum unusquisque una cum omnibus et singulis eorum Apprenticiis

qui ante dat’ Presencium coram Custod’ myster’ Grocer’ predict’ seu

coram Custod’ sive Magistris aliquar’ aliar’ artium facultat’ sive

myster’ in Civitat’ London alicui Pharmacopœio sive aliquibus

Pharmacopœiis posuerunt seipsos Apprenticios tam a predicto Corpore

Politico & Communitat’ liberorum hominum myster’ Grocer’ predict’ quam

ab omnibus aliis Corpor’ Politicis Communitat’ sive Societat’ aliquar’

aliar’ artium facultat’ sive myster’ in Civitat London quibuscunque

disuniantur separentur divellantur disjungantur ac dissociantur

eosdemque Pharmacopœios & eorum quemlibet ante nominat’ sive mencionat’

una cum omnibus & singulis eorum Apprenticiis predict’ ex regali nostra

prerogativa & Jure regio disunimus separamus divellimus disjungimus &

dissociamus & eosdem Pharmacopœios una cum omnibus & singulis eorum

Apprenticiis predict’ virtute harum Literarum nostrarum Paten’ immunes

liberos acquietat’ exoneratos & penitus exemptos (ad omnia proposita et

intentiones) quam de et ab omnibus jurament’ Jurisdictionibus Potestat’

Authoritat’ Statut’ Ordinationibus Constitution’ Supervis’ Scrutin’

Summonition’ Convocationibus Conventionibus Regim’ Gubernationibus

Correction Impositionibus Taxation’ Collection’ denarion’ solutionibus &

Oneribus Finibus amerciament’ imprisonament’ districtionibus penis &

penilitat’ quibuscunque Custod’ & Communitat myster’ Grocer’ predict’

pro tempore existen’ aut eorum successor’ quam alior’ quorumcunque

Corpor’ Politicor’ Communitat’ sive Societat’ in Civitat’ nostra London

& successor’ suorum per presentes volumus esse & remanere deinceps

imperpetuum aliquibus Statut’ Act’ Parliament’ Ordination’ Provisionibus

Consuet’ Concession’ Confirmation’ Privileg’ Chart’ aut Litteris paten’

nostri vel aliquorum Progenitor’ nostrorum Custod’ & Communitat’ myster’

Grocer’ London predict’ fact’ in contrarium inde non obstant’. Et

ulterius de ampliori gra’ nostra speciali & ex certa scientia et mero

motu nostris ut ars myster’ sive facultat’ Pharmacopœie jam diu collapsa

& despecta melius ad amplitudinem dignam promoveatur pro nobis hered’ &

successoribus nostris concedimus per presentes prefatis Willielmo Besse,

Edmundo Phillips (&^{ci} * * * ) ac omnibus & singulis aliis personis

quibuscunque in arte myster’ sive facultat’ Pharmacopol’ educat’ &

perit’ eandemque artem myster’ seu facultatem exercentibus modo existen’

liberis hominibus myster’ Grocer’ predict’ aut existen’ liberis

hominibus aliquar’ aliarum artium myster’ sive facultat’ in Civitat’

London (dummodo in arte & facultate Pharmacopol’ educat’ & expert’

fuerint) quod ipsi omnesque hujusmodi liberi homines ejusdem artis

myster’ sive facultat’ Pharmacopol’ de et in Civitat predict’ & in

suburbiis ejusdem & infra septem miliar’ Civitat’ predict’ sint & erunt

unum Corpus corporatum & Politicum in re facto & nomine per nomen

Magistr’ Custod’ & Societat’ artis & myster’ Pharmacopol’ Civitat’

London. Ac eos per nomen Magistri Custodum & Societatis artis et myster’

Pharmacopol’ Civitat’ London in unum Corpus corporatum & Politicum in re

facto et nomine realiter et ad plenum pro nobis & successor’ nostris

erigimus facimus ordinamus constituimus creamus & declaramus per

presentes. Et quod per idem nomen successionem habeant perpetuam. Et

quod ipsi & successores sui per nomen Magistri Custod’ & Societatis

artis mysterii Pharmacopol’ Civitat’ London sint & erunt perpetuis

futuris temporibus persone habiles & in lege capaces ac Corpus

Corporatum & Politicum & in lege capax ad habend’ perquirend’ possidend’

gaudend’ & retinend’ Maner’ Messuagia terras tenementa libertat’

privileg’ Franches’ Jurisdiction’ & Hereditamenta quecunque cujuscunque

generis nominis natur’ qualitat’ vel speciei fuerint sibi & successor’

suis in feodo simplici & perpetuitat’ sive pro termino anni vel annorum

aut aliter quocunque modo. Ac etiam bona & Catalla & quascunque alias

res cujuscunque nominis nature generis qualitat’ sive speciei fuerint.

Necnon ad concedend’ dimittend’ alienand’ assignand’ & disponend’ maner’

terr’ tenementa & hereditamenta & ad omnia & singula al’ fact’ & res

faciend’ & exequend’ per nomen predict’. Et quod per idem nomen Magistri

Custod’ & Societat’ artis & myster’ Pharmacopol’ Civitat’ myster’ London

placitare & implacitari respondere & responderi defendere & defendi

valeant & possint in quibuscunque Curiis. Placit’ & locis ac coram

quibuscunque Judicibus & Justiciariis ac aliis personis & officiar’

nostris ac heredum & successor’ nostrorum in omnibus & singulis

actionibus placitis sect’ querel’ causis mater’ & demand’ quibuscunque

cujuscunque sint aut erint generis qualitat’ aut speciei eisdem modo &

forma prout aliqui alii ligei nostri Anglie persone habiles & capaces in

lege sive aliquod aliud Corpus corporatum et Politicum infra Regnum

nostrum Anglie habere perquirere recipere possidere & gaudere retinere

dare concedere dimittere alienare assignare & disponere placitare &

implacitari respondere & responderi defendere & defendi facere

permittere sive exequi possint aut valeant. Et quod iidem Magister

Custod’ & Societas artis & mysterii Pharmacopol’ Civitat’ London

predict’ habeant imperpetuum Commune Sigillum pro causis & negotiis suis

ac successor’ suor’ quibuscunque agend’ deservitur’. Et quod bene liceat

& licebit eisdem Magistro Custod’ & Societat’ artis & mysterii

Pharmacopol’ London predict’ & successor’ suis sigillum illud ad libitum

suum de tempore in tempus frangere mutare & de novo facere prout eis

melius fieri videbitur. Et ulterius volumus & ordinamus ac per presentes

pro nobis hered’ & successor’ nostris concedimus prefat’ Magistro

Custod’ & Societat’ artis & mysterii Pharmacopol’ predict’ & successor’

suis quod de cetero imperpetuum perpetuis futuris temporibus sit & erit

unus de Societatis artis & myster’ Pharmacopol’ predict’ in forma in

hiis presentibus mencionat’ eligend’ & nominand’ qui nominabitur &

vocabitur Magister artis & Societatis predict’ Ac quod similiter sint &

erunt duo de Societate artis & myster’ predict’ in forma in his

presentibus express’ eligend’ & nominand’ qui erunt & nominabunter

Custodes Artis myster’ & societat’ predict’. Ac eciam quod similiter

sint & erunt viginti & unus de Societate predict’ in forma in hiis

presentibus inferius similiter mencionat’ eligend’ qui erunt &

nominabuntur Assistantes Artis & Societatis Pharmacopol’ Civitat’ London

ac de tempore in tempus erunt assistentes & auxiliantes Magistro &

Custod’ Mysterii & Societat’ predict’ pro tempore existen’ in omnibus

causis rebus & materiis dict’ Magr’ & Societat’ tangen’ sive concernen.’

Et ulterius volumus ac per presentes pro nobis hered’ & successoribus

nostris concedimus prefatis Magistro Custod’ & Societat’ artis & myster’

Pharmacopol’ Civitat’ London predict’ & successor’ suis quod bene liceat

& licebit eisdem Magistro Custod’ & Societat’ & Successor’ suis habere

perquirere retinere & appuntare quandam Aulam sive Domum Conciliar’

infra Civitat nostram London Quodque idem Magr’ Custod’ myster’ predict’

vel aliqui duo eorum quorum Magistrum pro tempore existenti unum esse

volumus quoties eis opportunum & necessarium fore videbitur convocare &

tenere infra eandem Aulam sive domum quandam Curiam sive Convocationem

de eisdem Magistro Custod’ & Assistent’ predict’ ad numerum tredecem

personarum vel plurium (quorum Magistrum & unum Custod’ myster’ &

societat’ predict’ pro tempore existen’ ut prefertur duos esse volumus)

ad libitum & licite possint & valeant perpetuis futuris temporibus.

Quodque in eadem Curia sive Convocatione tractare referre consultare

consulere & decernere valeant & possint de Statutis Legibus Articulis

Ordinationibus & Constitutionibus myster’ & societat’ predict’ ac bonum

regimen statum & gubernationem eorundem tangen’ & concernen’ juxta eorum

sanas discretiones vel juxta sanas discretiones majoris partis eorundem

(quoram magistrum & unum Custod’ myster’ & societat’ predict’ pro

tempore existen’ duos esse volumus) sic ut prefertur congregat’. Et

ulterius volumus ac per presentes pro nobis hered’ & successor’ nostris

concedimus prefat’ Magistro Custod’ & Societati artis sive mysterii

Pharmacopol’ Civitat’ London & successoribus suis quod Magister Custodes

& Assistantes myster’ predict’ pro tempore existen’ ad numerum tredecem

personarum vel plurium (quorum predict’ Magistrum pro tempore existen’

unum esse volumus) super Summonitionem publicam inde fiend’ ad hoc

congregat’ in Aula sive domo societatis predict’ habeant & habebunt

plenam potestatem facultatem & authoritatem condend’ constituend’

ordinand’ & faciend’ de tempore in tempus Leges Statuta Constitutiones

Decreta & Ordinationes rationabiliter inscript’ quecunque que eis aut

majori parti eorundem (quorum Magistrum myster’ & societatis predict’

pro tempore existen’ unum esse volumus) bona salubria utilia honesta &

necessaria juxta eorum sanas discretiones fore videbuntur pro bono

regimine & gubernatione eorundem Magisti Custod’ Assisten’ & societatis

myster’ Pharmacopol’ predict’ ac omnium & singulorum aliar’ personar’

artem sive myster’ Pharmacopol’ infra Civitat’ London predict’

libertates & suburbia ejusdem ac infra septem Miliaria ejusdem Civitat’

exercent’ & occupant’ ac pro declaratione quo modo & ordine iidem

Magister Custodes & Societas ac omnes & singuli Apprenticii Officiar’ &

Ministri myster’ & societat’ predict’ in officiis functionibus minister’

Tyrociniis artific’ & negotiis suis infra Civitat’ predict’ ac

libertates & suburbia ejusdem ac infra septem miliaria ejusdem Civitat’

sese habebunt gerent & utentur pro uberiori bono publico communi

utilitate & bono regimine myster’ & societat’ predict’ ac gubernatione

earundem ac rebus & causis aliis quibuscunque myster’ & societat’

predict’ tangen’ seu quoquo modo concernen.’ PROVISO semper quod pro tot

& tal’ Ordinationibus que medicamenta aut compositiones & usum earundem

concernent’ advocabunt de tempore in tempus President’ & quatuor

Censores seu Gubernat’ Colleg’ & Communitat’ Medicorum London aut alios

Medicos per Presidentem predict’ nominand’ pro avisamento in hac parte.

Quodque iidem Magister et Custodes & Assistantes myster’ predict’ pro

tempore existen’ ad numerum tredecim personarum vel plurium (quorum

Magistrum myster’ predict’ pro tempore existen’ unum esse volumus)

quotiescunque hujusmodi Leges institutiones Jura Ordinationes &

Constitutiones fecerint condidirint ordinaverint vel stabiliverint

hujusmodi & tales penas punitiones & penelitat’ per fines & amerciamenta

vel per eorum utrumque erga & super omnes delinquentes contra hujusmodi

Leges Institutiones Jura Ordinationes & Constitutiones sive eorum

aliquod sive aliqua qual’ & que eisdem Magistro Custod’ & Assisten

myster’ predict’ pro tempore existen’ vel majori parte eorundem (quorum

Magistrum myster’ & societatis predict’ pro tempore existen’ unum esse

volumus) necessor’ requisit’ & opportun’ pro observatione earum legum

ordinationum & constitutionum melius fore videbitur facere ordinare

limitare & providere possint. Ac quod iidem Magister Custodes & societas

myster’ predict’ & successores sui eadem fines et amerciamenta per

ministros proprios eorundem Magistri Custod’ & Societatis pro tempore

existem’ per discretionem vel aliter secundum leges & consuetudines

regni nostri Anglie levare habere & capere possint & valeant ad usum

Magistri Custodum & societat’ predict’ & successor’ suorum absque

impedimento nostri heredum & successor’ nostrorum aut alicujus vel

aliquorum Officiar’ vel Ministror’ nostror’ heredum vel sucessor’

nostrorum & absque aliquo computo nobis heredibus vel successor’ nostris

inde reddend’ seu faciend’. Que omnia & singula Ordinationes Jura &

Constitutiones sic (ut prefertur) fiend’ observari volumus sub penis in

iisdem continend’. Ita tamen quod leges constitutiones fines &

americamenta hujusmodi sint rationabilia & non sint repugnan’ nec

contrarian’ legibus Statut’ consuetudinibus sive Juribus regni nostri

Anglie. Et pro meliori executione voluntatis & concessionis nostri in

hac parte assignavimus nominavimus creavimus & constituimus dilectos

nobis predictum Edmund’ Phillips fore & esse primum & modern’ Magistrum

artis sive myster’ & societat’ predict’ ac etiam predict’ Stephanum

Higgins & Thomam Jones fore & esse primos & modernos Custodes mysterii &

societatis predict’ continuand’ in eisdem officiis a dat’ presentium

usque ad vicessimum diem Augusti proxim’ sequen’ & deinde quousque tres

alii ad officia illa Magistri & Custodum artis sive mysterii &

societatis predict’ debito modo electi & perfecti fuerint juxta

ordinationes & provisiones in hiis presentibus express’ & declarat’ si

iidem Edmundus Phillips, Stephanus Higgins & Thomas Jones tam diu

vixerint (nisi interim pro mala gubernatione aut male se gerend’ in ea

parte aut pro aliqua alia causa rationabili ab officiis illis amoti

erunt aut eorum aliquis amotus erit.) Et assignavimus eciam ac

nominavimus creavimus constituimus & fecimus ac per presentes pro nobis

heredibus & successoribus nostris assignamus creamus nominamus

constituimus & facimus dilectos nobis predict Johannem Wolfgangfumler *

* &^{ci} * * in arte & mysterio Pharmacopol’ edoct’ educat’ & expert’

fore’ & esse primos et modernos Assistentes ejusdem mysterii &

societatis Pharmacopol’ continuand’ in eisdem officiis & locis durant’

vitis suis naturalibus nisi interim pro mala qubernatione seu male se

gerend’ in ea parte aut pro aliqua alia causa rationabili amoti fuerint

aut eorum aliqui vel aliquis amotus erit vel amoti erunt. Qui quidem

Assistentes mysterii & societat’ predict’ sacrimenta sua corporalia

coram Francisco Bacon Milite Attornat’ nostro General’ Henrico Yelverton

Milite Solicit’ nostro generali Theodoro de Mayerne & Henrico Atkins in

Medicinis Doctoribus & Johanne Towneley Armigero vel coram duobus eorum

Quibus quinque vel eorum duobus plenam potestatem & authoritatem

sacramenta predict’ Assisten’ myster’ predict’ dare & administrare damus

& concedimus per presentes infra quadraginta dies post dat’ presentium

ad officia sua predict’ bene & fideliter exequend’ prestabunt. Ac eciam

predict’ Magister myster’ predict’ & Custodes myster’ & societat’

predict’ sacramenta sua corporalia coram Assisten’ myster’ predict’ vel

majore parte eorundem infra quinquaginta dies post dat’ presentium bene

& fideliter ad dictum officium Magistri & Custod’ myster’ & societat’

predict’ exequend’ in omnibus eisdem Officiis tangen’ seu concernen’

prestabunt. Et sic de tempore in tempus toties quoties Magister &

Custodes Myster’ & Societatis predict’ elect’ & perfect’ fuer’ antequam

ad executionem predict’ Officii admittantur seu eorum aliquis

admittatur.

Et ulterius volumus ac per presentes pro nobis hered’ & successor’

nostris concedimus prefat’ Magistro Custod’ & Societati mysterii

Pharmacopol’ predict’ & successor’ suis quod Magister Custodes &

Assistentes Mysterii & Societatis predict’ pro tempore existen’ &

successor’ sui ad numerum tredecim personar’ vel plurium (si tot

convenienter congregari possint) de tempore in tempus perpetuis futuris

temporibus potestatem & authoritatem habeant & habebunt annuatim &

quolibet anno imperpetuum in & super vicessimum diem Augusti vel infra

octo dies proxim’ post dictum vicessimum diem Augusti eligend’ &

nominand’ Et quod eligere & nominare possint & valeant tres de

probioribus & discretioribus hominibus Societatis predict’ quorum unus

erit Magister & alteri duo erunt Custodes Mysterii & Societatis predict’

pro uno anno integro tunc proxim’ sequen’ & deinde quosque tres alii

probi & discreti homines myster’ predict’ elect’ & prefect’ fuerint

juxta Ordinationes & Provisiones in hiis presentibus express’ &

declarat’.

Et ulterius volumus & per presentes pro nobis heredibus & successor’

nostris concedimus prefatis Magistro Custod’ & Societati Myster’

Pharmacopol’ Civitat’ London predict’ & Successor’ suis Quod si

contigerit Magistrum & Custodes myster’ & Societat’ predict’ aut eorum

aliquos vel aliquem aliquo tempore infra unum annum postquam ad Officia

Magistri & Custod’ Myster’ & Societatis predict’ sic ut prefertur elect’

& prefect’ fuerint aut eorum aliquis vel aliqui fuerit vel fuerint obire

aut ab officiis amoveri (quos quidem Magistrum & Custodes ac eorum

quemlibet pro mala gubernatione aut pro aliqua causa rationabili per

reliquos Magist’ et Custod’ non offenden’ vel delinquentes & Assistentes

myster’ & societatis predict’ pro tempore existen’ ad numerum tredecim

personar’ vel plurium de tempore in tempus amobiles esse volumus) quod

tunc & toties bene liceat & licebit tantis & tot eorundem Magist’

Custod’ & Assistent’ qui adtunc supervixerint vel remanserint ad numerum

tredecim personarum vel plurium ad libitum suum unum alium vel plures

alios in Magistrum & Custodem vel Custodes Myster’ & Societatis predict’

eligere & preficere secundum ordinationem & provisionem in hiis

presentibus declarat’ ad exequend’ & exercend’ prefat’ officia Magistri

& Custod’ myster’ & societatis predict’ usque ad vicessimum diem Augusti

tunc proxim’ sequen’ vel infra octo dies ante vicessimum diem Augusti &

exinde quousque tres alii probi & discreti homines myster’ & societatis

predict’ elect’ & nominat’ erunt juxta ordinationes & provisiones in

hiis presentibus declarat’ & express’ & sic toties quoties casus sic

acciderit.

Et ulterius volumus ac per presentes pro nobis heredibus & successor’

nostris ordinamus & concedimus prefat’ Magist’ Custod’ & societati

mysterii predicti & suceessor’ suis quod quandocunque contigerit aliquem

vel aliquos de predict’ viginti & uno Assisten’ pro tempore existen’

myster’ & societatis predict’ obire aut pro aliqua causa rationabili ab

officiis suis Assisten’ myster’ & societatis predict’ amoveri (quos

quidem Assistentes & eorum quemlibet se non bene gerentes aut gerentem

in officiis illis aut pro aliqua alia causa rationabili de tempore in

tempus per Magistrum Custod’ & Assisten’ ad numerum tredecim personar’

vel plurium qui adtunc remanserint vel supervixerint amobiles esse

volumus) ad libitum suum de tempore in tempus unum alium vel plures

alios de probioribus & dignioribus personis existen’ de myster’ &

societat predict’ in locum sive loca ipsius Assistentis vel ipsorum

assistentium myster’ & societatis predict’ sic mori vel amoveri

contingen’ vel contingent’ eligere nominare & preficere ad supplend’

predictum numerum viginti & unius Assistentium predict’. Quodque ille

sive illi posquam sic (ut prefertur) elect’ & nominat’ fuerit vel electi

& nominati fuerint antequam ad executionem predict’ officii Assistentis

vel Assistentium myster’ & societat’ predict’ admittantur sive eorum

aliquis admittatur Sacrimentum Corporale super sacrosanct’ Evangel’

coram Magistro & Custod’ Myster’ & Societat’ predict’ pro tempore

existen’ ad officia illa recte bene fideliter & honeste exequend’ & ad

ea omnia secreta tenend’ que in Cur’ Assisten’ presentia ipsius vel

ipsorum erunt communicat’ vel colloquut’ prestabit & prestabunt & sic

toties quoties casus acciderit.

Damus insuper ac per presentes pro nobis heredibus & successor’ nostris

concedimus prefatis Magistro Custod’ & Societat’ artis & myster’

Pharmacopolar’ predict’ & successor’ suis quod Magister & Custodes

myster’ & societat’ predict’ pro tempore existen’ habeant & habebunt

plenam potestatem & authoritatem de tempore in tempus ad tradend’ &

ministrand’ Sacramentum Corporale super sacrosanct’ Evangelium tam

omnibus Magistris Custod’ & Assisten’ myster’ & societat’ predict’

imposterum eligend’ & in eadem officia sive loca ut prefertur admittend’

ac omnibus Offician’ myster’ & societat’ predict’ pro debit’ executione

officior’ suor’ recte bene & fideliter in omnibus separatim officia sua

tangen’ sive concernen’ quam omnibus Apprenticiis ac aliis liberis

hominibus myster’ predict’ quibuscunque.

Et ulterius ut nos subditor’ nostror’ saluti ac bono publico quantum in

nobis est consulamus ac ut pericula & incommoda illa assidue accidentia

per imperitos & inexpertos dolosos & improbos homines artem Pharmacopol’

predict’ exercen’ melius devitentur volumus & de gratia nostra speciali

certa scientia & mero motu nostris per presentes pro nobis heredibus &

successor’ suis quod non liceat aut licebit deinceps imposterum alicui

persone vel aliquibus personis quibuscunque jam existen’ aut imposterum

futuris liberis hominibus myster’ Grocer’ predict’ aut aliquar’ aliar’

artium facultat’ sive myster’ in civitate London ac in eisdem arte

facultate sive myster’ educat’ vel educand’ officinam vel shoppam

Pharmacopol’ instruere tenere vel habere aut medicamenta quecunque

facere miscere condere componere preparare propinare applicare aut

administrare aut ulla medicamenta composita aut compositiones

medicinales viz aquas distillatas compositas, vel olea chymica,

apozemeta, syrapos conservas eclegma, electuaria, condita medicinabilia,

pilulas, pulveres, trochiscos, olea, unguenta, emplastra ullo modo

divendere propalare edere exercere aut venditioni aliqui personæ vel

aliquibus personis quibuscunque exponere aliter quocunque modo arte

facultate sive myster’ Pharmacopol’ aut aliqua ejus parte uti aut

exercere infra septem miliaria ejusdem Civitat’ sub pena quinque

librarum pro quolibet mense quo hujusmodi persona sive persone artem &

myster’ Pharmacopol’ (ut prefertur) exerceat aut exerceant contra veram

intentionem harum Litter’ Paten’. Que quidem forisfactur’ & penalit’ per

districtionem vel per actionem debiti in nomine Custodis Junioris pro

tempore existen’ prosequi aut aliter in aliquibus Curiis nostris apud

Westm’ de tempore in tempus leventur & recuperentur dimidium inde ad

usum predict’ Magistri Custod’ & Societatis myster’ Pharmacopol’

capiend’ & applicand’.

Volumus eciam ac per presentes pro nobis heredibus & successoribus

nostris concedimus prefat’ Magistro Custod’ & Societati myster’

Pharmacopol’ Civitat’ London predict’ & successor’ suis quod nulla

persona sive persone quecunque officinam aut shopam Pharmacopol’ habeat

teneat aut instruat habeant instruant aut artem sive myster’

Pharmacopol’ exerceat aut exerceant aut quecunque medicamenta faciat

misceat condat componat preparet propinet applicat administret ant ulla

medicamenta composita aut compositiones ullo modo divendere propalare

edere exercere aut venundare alicui persone vel aliquibus personis

quibuscunque infra Civitatem London & libertat’ ejusdem aut infra septem

miliaria ejusdem Civitat’ nisi hujusmodi persona & persone per spatium

septem annorum ad minus ut Apprenticius vel Apprenticii cum aliquo vel

aliquibus Pharmacopol’ eandem artem exercen’ & libero homine ejusdem

mysterii existen’ educat’ instruat’ & edoct’ fuit vel fuerint. Et

postquam hujusmodi septem anni servicii sive Tyrocinii (ut prefertur)

fuerint elapsi & extract’ Quod tunc unusquisque talis Apprenticius coram

Magistro & Custod’ pro tempore existen’ appareat & presentetur. Ac per

eosdem Magistrum & Custod’ (advocat’ sibi Presdent’ Collegii seu

Communitat’ facultat’ medicine London pro tempore existen’ aut aliquo

medico aut aliquibus medicis per dictum Presidentem nominand’ & ad hoc

de tempore in tempus assignand’ si super monitionem inde fact’ tal pred’

medicus vel tal’ predicti Medici adesse voluerint vel voluerit &

advisament’ cum eodem vel eisdem habit’) circa cognitionem & electionem

Simplicium & circa medicament’ preparationem dispensationem tractationem

commixtionem & compositionem examenetur probetur tentetur ac per eosdem

Medicos Magistrum & Custodes spectatus & approbatus fuerit priusquam

officinam Pharmacopol’ habere tenere instruere aut medicamenta quecunque

preparare facere permiscere condere componere propinare administrare

propalare edere exercere divendere aut venditioni exponere aut aliter

quocunque modo artem Pharmacopoli aut aliquem ejusdem partem exercere

infra Civitatem London & libertat’ ejusdem aut infra septem miliaria

ejusdem Civitat’ presumat.

Ac ulterius de uberiori gratia nostra speciali & ex certa sciencia &

mero motu nostris pro meliori regimine & gubernatione omnium & singular’

personarum que modo exercent aut imposterum exercebunt artem sive

myster’ Pharmacopol’ Civitat’ London seu suburbia ejusdem vel infra

septem miliaria ejusdem Civitatis dedimus & concessimus ac per presentes

pro nobis heredibus & successoribus nostris damus & concessimus prefat’

Magistro Custod’ & Societati myster’ Pharmacopol’ Civitat’ London

predict’ & successor’ suis Quod Magist’ & Custod’ myster’ predict’ pro

tempore existen’ & successores sui de cetero imperpetuum plenam

potestatem & authoritatem habeant & habebunt de tempore in tempus capere

& habere supervis’ scrutinium examinationem gubernationem & correctionem

omnium & omnimod’ tam liberorum hominum quam alior’ quorumcunque uten’

sive exercen’ artem myster’ sive facultat’ Pharmacopol’ aut aliquam (ut

prefertur) ejusdem partem infra dictam Civitat’ nostram London libertat’

& suburbia ejusdem Civitat’ tam infra libertates quam extra ubi aliqua

persona uten’ sive exercen’ artem mysterium sive facultatem Pharmacopœie

aut aliquam ejusdem partem inhabitabit aut commorabit seu inhabitare &

commorare contigerit Quodque iidem Magist’ & Custod’ & eorum successores

aut eorum aliqui vel aliquis aut aliqui Assisten’ per Magistrum &

Custod’ nominand’ & assignand’ temporibus congruis & convenien’ ac modo

& forma convenien’ & legitim’ de tempore in tempus quoties iisdem

Magistro & Custodibus videbitur expedire ingredi & intrare possint &

valeant in aliquam vel aliquis officinam vel officinas shopam vel shopas

domum vel domos aliquar’ personar’ sive alicujus persone cujuscunque

uten’ sive exercen’ artem sive myster’ Pharmacopol’ aut aliquam ejusdem

partem infra Civitat’ London Suburbia & ejusdem libertat’ predict’ aut

infra septem miliaria ejusdem Civitat’ tam infra libertat’ quam extra

ubi aliqua medicamenta simplicia vel composita merces drogma recept’

aque distillat’ olea chymica syrupi conserve eclegmata electuar’ pilule

pulveres trochisci olea unguenta emplastra aut aliqua alia quecunque que

ad artem sive mysterium Pharmacopol’ (ut prefertur) pertinent sive

spectant probabiliter sive verisimiliter inveniri poterint Et ad

supervidend’ scrutinand’ & proband’ si eadem medicamenta simplicia vel

composita merces drogma recept’ aque distillat’ olea chymica syrupi

conserve eclegmata electuaria pilule pulveres trochisci olea unguenta

emplastra aut aliqua alia quecunque ad artem sive mysterium Pharmacopol’

predict’ pertinent’ sint aut erunt bona salubria medicinabilia apta &

idonea ad Curam salutem & relevamen subditor’ nostror’ Ac eciam quod

prefat’ Magister & Custod’ myster’ predict’ & Assisten’ predict’ pro

tempore existen’ ad hoc per Magistrum & Custod’ nominand’ & assignand’ &

successores sui de tempore in tempus plenam potestatem & authoritatem

habeant & virtute presentium habebunt ad examinand’ & proband’ omnes &

singulas personas profiten’ uten’ sive exercen’ aut qui imposterum

profitebuntur utentur aut exercebunt artem sive myster’ Pharmacopol’ aut

aliquam ejusdem partem infra predict’ Civitat’ London suburbia aut

libertates ejusdem aut infra septem miliaria ejusdem Civitat’ tam infra

libertates quam extra de & concernen’ eorum cujuslibet cognitione &

scientia in predit’ arte sive myster’ Pharmacopol’ Et ad omnes illos

quos imposter’ aut imperit’ inscient’ & insufficientes vel ad examinand’

vigore presentium obstinatos & repugnant’ in arte & myster’ predicto

invenient ab exercitio usu & pract’ myster’ sive artis predict’ amovend’

& prohibend’ Nec non ad omnia & singula medicamenta merces drogma

recept’ aquas distillat’ olea chymica syrupos conservas eclegmata

electuaria pilulas pulveres trochiscos olea unguenta & emplastra

ceteraque omnia & singula ad artem predict’ pertinentia que falsa

illegitima adulterat’ inveterat’ exoleta insalubria corrupta

immedicinabilia perniciosa aut nociva inveniunt ante delinquentium fores

comburend’ mulctamque eciam ac al’ penas & penalitat’ per fines &

amerciamenta in tales delinquentes statuant exponant & exequantur

secundum eorum sanas discretiones & ordinationes per ipsos & successores

suos sic (ut prefertur) fiend’ & constituend.’

Volentes ac per presentes pro nobis heredibus & successor’ nostris

firmiter injungend’ precipientes & mandentes omnibus & singulis

Majoribus Justiciar’ Ballivis Constabular’ & omnibus aliis officiar’

ministris & subditis nostris quibuscunque quod sint assistentes

auxiliantes & confortantes prefat’ Magistro Custod’ & Assistan’ myster’

& societates Pharmacopol’ predict’ & eorum cuilibet & successor’ suis ad

faciend’ gaudend’ habend’ & exequend’ ea omnia & singula per nos prefat’

Magistro Custod’ & Societati & Successor’ suis per has literas nostras

Paten’ concess’ & quamlibet sive aliquam inde partem & parcell’.

Et ulterius volumus ac per presentes de ampliori gratia nostra speciali

certa scientia & mero motu nostris pro nobis hered’ & successor’ nostris

concedimus prefat’ Magistro Custod’ & Societati myster’ Pharmacopol’

Civitat’ London predict’ & successor’ suis Quod ipsi prefati Magist’

Custodes & Societas myster’ Pharmacopol’ predict’ habeant teneant

retineant & gaudeant ac habere retinere & gaudere valeant & possint tot

tanta talia eadem hujusmodi & consimil’ Franches’ privilegia

consuetudines immunitates acquietan’ profima commoditates increment’

advantag’ & emolumenta quecunque in aromatibus Pharmacis Drogmis & aliis

rebus & materiis quibuscunque ad artem sive myster’ Pharmacopol’

spectan’ & pertinen’ emend’ mercand’ seu comparan’ quot’ quant’ qual’ &

que ac in tam amplis modo & forma prout antehac unquam habuerunt

tenuerunt & gavisi fuerunt aut habere gaudere & tenere aliquo modo

debuerunt quando cum predict’ liberis hominibus myster’ Grocer’

remanser’ ac unum Corpus corporatum & Politicum promiscue & indivisim

cum eisdem fecerunt & fuerunt.

Et ulterius volumus ac per presentes pro nobis heredibus & successor’

nostris concedimus & licentiam specialem liberamque & licitam facultat’

potestatem & authoritatem damus prefat’ Magistro Custod’ & Societati

mysterii sive artis Pharmacopol’ predict’ & successor’ suis habend’

recipiend’ & perquirand’ sibi & successor’ suis imperpetuum’ maner’

messuag’ terr’ tenementa prata pascua pastur’ boscos subboscos Rectorias

Decim’ reddit’ reversiones & alia hereditamenta quecunque infra regnum

nostrum Anglie seu alibi infra dominia nostra tam de nobis heredibus &

successor’ nostris quam de aliqua alia persona sive aliquibus aliis

personis quicunque (que de nobis hered’ & successor’ nostris non

tenentur immediate in Capite vel per servicium militare) dummodo eadem

maner’ messuag’ terr’ tenementa prat’ pasc’ pastur’ bosc’ subbosc’

Rector’ decim’ reddit’ reversion’ servic’ & hereditamenta sic per ipsos

habend’ recipiend’ & perquirend’ non excedant in toto clarum annuum

valorem quadragint’ librarum per ann’ ultra omnia onera & repris’

Statut’ de terr’ & tenementis ad manum mortuam non ponend’ aut aliquo

Statuto Actu Ordinatione vel Provisione antehac fact’ ordinat’ sive

provis’ aut aliqua alia re causa vel materia quacunque in contrarium

inde in aliquo modo non obstan’.

Damus eciam & per presentes pro nobis hered’ & successor’ nostris

concedimus cuicunque subdito nostro sive aliquibus subditis nostris

hered’ & successor’ nostrorum licentiam specialem liberamque & licitam

potestatem facultatem & authoritat’ Quod ipsi sive eorum aliquis sive

aliqui maner’ messuag’ terr’ tenementa prat’ pasc’ pastur’ bosc’

subbosc’ Rect’ decim’ reddit’ reversiones servicia & alia hereditamenta

quecunque que non tenentur de nobis hered’ & successor’ nostris

immediate in Capite vel aliter per servic’ militare prefatis Magistro

Custod’ & Societati mysterii predict’ & successor’ suis dare concedere

vendere legare vel alienare possint & valeant. Ita quod omnia predict’

Maner’ Messuag’ terr’ tenementa prat’ pasc’ pastur’ bosc’ subbosc’

Rector’ decim’ reddit’ reversiones servicia & alia hereditamenta sic

eisdem Magistro Custod’ & Societati myster’ & artis predict’ &

successor’ suis virtute presentium dand’ concedend’ legand’ vel

alienaud’ non excedant in toto clarum annuum valorem quadragint’

librarum per ann’ ultra omnia onera & repris’ Statut’ de terr’ &

tenement’ ad manum mortuam non ponend’ aut aliqua alia re causa vel

materia quacunque antehac habit’ fact’ edit’ ordinat’ sive provis’ in

contrarium inde in aliquo non obstant’.

Volumus eciam & per presentes pro nobis hered’ & successor’ nostris

concedimus prefatis Magistro Custod’ & Societati myster’ sive artis

Pharmacopol’ Civitat’ London’ predict’ & successor’ suis Quod prefat’

Magist’ Custod’ & Assisten’ pro tempore existen’ vel eorum successor’

vel major pars eorundem de cetero imperpetuum nominare & eligere possint

unum probum & idoneum virum qui erit & nominabitur Communis Clericus

Societatis predict’ Quodque talis Clericus antequam ad officium illud

exequend’ admittatur Sacramentum Corporale coram Magistro & Custod’

Societatis predicte pro tempore existen’ ad officium illud predictum

secundum ejus scienciam in omnibus illud tangen’ recte & fideliter

exequend’ prestabit. Et quod post hujusmodi Sacramentum sic prestitum

officium illud exerceat & utatur durante beneplacito Magistri Custod’ &

Assisten’ societatis predict’ pro tempore existen’ aut majoris partis

eorundem quorum Magist’ artis & myster’ predict’ pro tempore existen’

unum esse volumus.

Ac ulterius volumus ac per presentes pro nobis hered’ & successor’

nostris concedimus prefatis Magistro Custod’ & Societati myster’

Pharmacopol’ predict’ & successor’ suis quod prefat’ Magist’ Custodes &

Assistentes pro tempore existen’ & eorum successores vel major pars

eorundem de tempore in tempus de cetero nominare & eligere possint &

valeant unum aptem & idoneum hominem qui erit & nominabitur Bedell’

societatis predict’. Quodque talis Bedell’ sic (ut prefertur) electus &

nominat’ antequam ad officium illud exequend’ admittatur Sacramentum

Corporale coram Magistro & Custod’ Societatis predict’ pro tempore

existen’ ad officium illud predictum in omnibus illud tangen’ recte &

fideliter exequend’ prestabit. Et quod post hujusmodi Sacramentum sic

prestitum officium illud exerceat & teneat duran’ beneplacito Magistri

Custod’ & Assisten’ predict’ & Successor’ suor’ pro tempore existen’

(quorum Magistrum artis & myster’ predict’ pro tempore existen’ unum

esse volumus.)

Et denique volumus ac regiam nostram intentionem esse per presentes

declaramus quod he Litere nostre paten’ seu aliquod in eis non cedent in

prejudicium Presidentis & Collegii sive Communitatis Medicor’ Civitat’

London nec ad eorum Presidentis & Collegii sive Communitatis &

Successor’ suor’ Jurisdictionem authoritatem supervis’ aut correctionem

in Pharmac’ Civitat’ London tollend’ infringend’ aut dirimend’. Sed quod

iidem Presidens & Communitas Medicor’ omnesque & singuli medici de eodem

Collegio sive Communitate & Successores sui sicut & Medici Regis Regine

& Principum imposserum debeant & pro arbitrio suo possint artem medicam

in omnibus suis partibus exercere & insuper gaudebunt utentur & fruentur

& gaudere uti & frui valeant & possint eisdem & consimil’

Jurisdictionibus authoritat’ supervis’ & Correctionibus ac omnibus aliis

potestatibus privileg’ & libertat’ qualibus unquam antehac Pharmacopol’

usi & gavisi fuerunt & preterea generaliter omnibus aliis authoritatibus

privilegiis & potestatabus ipsis quandocunque vel quacunque de causa

antehac concess’ ratione vel pretextu aliquar’ Literar’ Paten’ per nos

seu per aliquos vel aliquem progenitor’ nostror’ aut ratione vel

pretextu alicujus Actus Parliament’ vel aliquor’ Actuum Parliamentor’

aut aliquo alio regali modo quocunque eisdem President’ & Collegio sive

Communitat’ Medicor’ & Successor’ suis dat’ concess’ seu confirmat’

Volumus nihilominus & ordinamus per presentes quod in quocunque casu

Presidens & Colleg’ habebunt gaudebunt & exercebunt consimilem

potestatem & authoritatem advocandi sibi Magistrum & Custodes

Pharmacopol’ predict’ Absque eo quod omnino licebit imposterum eisdem

Medicis aliquos myster’ Grocer’ predict’ advocare ad hujusmodi

scrutinium Aliquo in hujusmodi Statut’ in contrarium in aliquo non

obstant’. Proviso eciam quod he Litere nostre Patentes seu aliquod in

eisdem concess’ aut content’ non cedent in prejudicium Civitat’ nostre

London seu libertat’ ejusdem neque ullo modo derogabunt libertat’

Franches’ Regimin’ Jurisdiction’ aut consuetud’ ejusdem Civitatis.

Et denique volumus & intentionem nostram esse declaramus quod Chirurgi

experti & approbati eorum artem facultatem exercere possint omnesque &

singuli eorum practica sibi propria uti & frui valeant quantum ad

compositionem & applicationem medicamentor’ externor’ solumodo pertinet

& spectat. Ita tamen ut ea medicamenta minime vendant aut venditioni

aliis exponant secundum morem vulgarem Pharmacopol’ Civitat’ nostre

London Eo quod expressa mentio de vero valore annuo aut de certitudine

premissor’ sive eorum alicujus aut de aliis donis sive concessionibus

per nos seu per aliquem Progenitor’ vel Antecessor’ nostror’ prefat’

Magistro Custod’ & Societati myster’ Pharmacopol’ Civitat’ London

predict’ ante hec tempore fact’ in presentibus minime fact’ exist’ seu

aliquo Statuto Actu Ordinatione Provisione Proclamatione sive

Restrictione in contrarium inde antehac habit’ fact’ edit’ ordinat’ seu

provis’ aut aliqua alia re causa vel materia quacunque in aliquo non

obstant’. In cujus rei testimonium has Literas nostras fieri facimus

Patentes. Teste meipso apud Westm’ Tricessimo die Maii Anno Regni Nostri

Anglie Franc’ & Hibernie tertio decimo & Scocie quadragesimo octavo.

Per breve de privato sigillo.

CARTRIGHT.

NOTE. The e for æ in quæ &^c and the c for t in etiam &^c are so printed

in our original.

Royal Letter to the College of Physicians.

CHARLES R

Trusty & welbeloved wee greet you well

Whereas we have been informed That there are several pretended

Physicians & Doctors graduated in the Universitys beyond the Seas who by

indirect means endeavour to be received into that our Royal Colledge as

Honorary Fellows, without incorporation into either of our Universities

or previous Examination & approbation, according as it is expressly

required by y^e Statutes to y^e great prejudice of y^e ffellows of or

said Colledge & their Successors & of the Priveledges & immunityes

granted to them by or Royal predicessors & orself. Wee having taken the

same into or Royal Consideration have thought fit _to signifye or

pleasure_ to you, & doe accordingly _direct you_ not to admit any person

whatever as a Fellowe of the Society & to enjoy y^e priviledges of or

s^d Colledge that hath not had his Education in either of or

Universityes of Oxford or Cambridge kept his Act for D^r in Physick &

don his Exercises accordingly, or that is not encorporated & licenced

there haveing first taken the Oathes of Allegiance & Supremacy, &

haveing been by you afterward examined & approved of according to the

Statutes. And to the Intent this or pleasure may be the better observed

wee doe likewise _hereby require you_ to cause these or Letters to be

entered upon the Registe of or said Colledge & so wee bid you ffarewell,

Given at or Court at Whitehall Febr. 12^{th} 1674 in the 26^{th} year of

or Reighn.

T. WILLIAMSON.

To our trusty and well beloved the Lord Mayor of our City of _London_

for the time being and to the Deputy Lieutenants and Commissioners of

the Militia of London and Westminster that now are and hereafter shall

be, and to all other Officers and Ministers whom it may concern.

CHARLES R

Whereas in conformity to several Grants and Charters made by our

Royal Progenitors Kings of _England_ unto the College of Physicians in

our City of _London_, We have been pleased of our especial Grace and

favour to confirm all their ancient Privileges and humanities (with the

addition of some further Powers and Clauses for the regulation of that

faculty) by our Letters Patent bearing date the 26th of March in the

15th year of our Reign; Wherein amongst other things it is expresly

provided and by us granted that every Physician who is or shall be a

Member of the said College be free and exempt and discharged of and from

all Watch and Ward, and of and from bearing and providing Arms within

our Cities of _London_ and _Westminster_ or of either of them or within

7 miles compass thereof: We have thought fit hereby to acquaint you

therewith and with our pleasure thereupon; Willing and Requiring you in

your several Places and Stations to give effectual orders from time to

time that the said exemption from Watch and Ward and from bearing and

providing Arms be now and hereafter punctually observed in favour of the

Members of the said College within the limits aforesaid; And that you

suffer them not to be any wise molested on that behalf And for so doing

this shall be your Warrant. Given at our Court at _Whitehall_ the 28th

day of June 1665 in the seventeenth year of our Reign.

By his Majestie’s Command

WILLIAM MORICE.

College Questions resolved by the Lord Chancellor and Judges in the

fifth of King _James_ his Reign An. Dom. 1607

The Kings most Excellent Majesty having directed his Letters to the

Right honourable Thomas Lord Ellesmere, Lord Chancellor of England, and

to Sir John Popham Knight, Lord Chief Justice of England and one of his

Highnesses most honourable Privy Council, They the said Lord Chancellor

and Lord Chief Justice by virtue of the same Letters called unto them

Sir Thomas Fleminge Knight, then Lord Chief Baron of his Majesty’s Court

of Exchequer, Sir Thomas Walmesley & Sir Peter Warburton, Knights, two

of his Majesty’s Justices of the Court of Common Pleas, and Sir David

Williams and Sir Laurence Tanfield Knights two of his Majesties Justices

of the King’s Bench, and after due consideration had both of the Charter

of King Henry the eighth made unto the said President and College of

Physicians in the tenth year of his Reign, and several Acts of

Parliament thereof made, one in the fourteenth year of the same King,

and the other in the first year of Queen Mary, for the ordering and

governing of the said College and of all the Practisers in _London_ and

seven miles compass, did on the first of May 1607 at the house of the

said Lord Chancellor called _York_ House, resolve the several questions

hereafter mentioned, as is expressed under every Question.

Quest. 1. Whether Graduates of Oxford and Cambridge may practise in

_London_ or seven miles compass of the same without licence under the

said College Seal, by virtue of the clause in the end of the Statute of

14. H. 8. and whether that clause hath not relation to the Statute of 3.

H. 8. onely, or how far it doth extend?

Resp. All resolved, that no Graduate that is not admitted and licenced

by the President and College of Physicians under their Common Seal,

could practise in London or within 7 miles compass of the same.

Quest. 2. Whether, by Graduates, Graduates in Physick onely are to be

understood?——

Resp. They resolved That the exception in the Statute of 14. H. 8. cap.

5. of Graduates in the two Universities, is to be understood onely of

Graduates of Physick and of no others. And all resolved, That by that

exception those Graduates may practise in all other places of _England_

out of _London_ and 7 miles of the same without examination; But not in

_London_ nor within the said Circuit of 7 miles.

Quest. 3. If Graduates not admitted to practise in _London_ practise

there, whether, for evil practice or misdemeanor therein, they be not

subject to the Corporation and Government of the College?

Resp. They all agreed, That they are subject to the Government and

correction of the College by an express Clause of the said Charter

enacted which giveth to the President and College _Supervisionem

Scrutinium, Correctionem & Gubernationem_ as well of all persons using

the practise of Medicine within the City &c.

Quest. 4. If they may not practise without admission of the College (as

their Letters Patents plainly import) Then whether such Graduates are

not subject to the examination, without which there were never any

admitted; and without which the admission cannot be approved; because

every Graduate is not absolutely good _ipso facto_?

Resp. It was resolved by all That all that practised or should practise

Physick either in _London_ or within the compass of seven miles of the

same, must submit themselves to the examination of the President and

College if they be required thereunto by their authority notwithstanding

any licence, allowance or privilege given them in _Oxford_ or

_Cambridge_ either by their degree or otherwise.

Concerning Punishment & Correction against Offenders.

Quest. 1. Whether the President and four Censors together, or the

Censors alone may not commit to Prison without bail or mainprize all

Offenders in the Practice of Physick according to the Statute of _primo

Mariæ_ and how long, whether till he have paid such Fine as shall be

assessed upon him, or have submitted himself to their Order, and in what

manner?——

Resp. They all resolved, That for not well doing using or practising the

faculty or Art or Physick or for disobedience or contempts done and

committed against any Ordinance made by the College, by virtue and

according to the power and authority to them granted, they may commit

the Offenders without bail or mainprize, as the words of the Statute

are. Which they all resolved, would not be altered or interpreted

otherwise than the express words of the Statute are.

Quest. 2. Whether they may not commit to prison for disobedience and

contempt of the private Statutes and Ordinances of the College made for

the better Government thereof, and for not payment of such reasonable

fines as shall be imposed by the President and Censors for maintenance

of the said College, among the Members of the same College?

Resp. They all resolved, That the President and College might commit to

prison for offences and disobedience done and committed against any

lawfull Ordinance made by the said College, and might impose reasonable

fines for the breach thereof, and detain the parties committed till

these fines were satisfied.

Quest. 3. Whether they may not justly take upon every admission a

reasonable sum of money for the better maintenance and defraying of

necessary expences, as in other Corporations?

Resp. They all held That they might take such reasonable sums.

Quest. 4. Whether those onely are to be committed that are Offenders in

_Non bene exequendo, faciendo & utendo facultate Medicinæ_, as in the

Letters Patents; and such as are sufficient and not admitted, are to be

sued for 5 li. a month and not be committed?

Resp. They all held That by the Charter and Acts of Parliament they

might commit Offenders and Practisers that offended in _non bene

exequendo faciendo et utendo facultate_: But for the committing to

prison of such as practise (not being admitted by the College) they held

it doubtful, for that the Charter and Statute do in that case inflict a

punishment of 5 li. a month against such practiser without admittance by

the College. But they all resolved, That if the President and College

made an Ordinance to prohibit the practising of all without admittance

under the common Seal of the said College, That for breach and contempt

of this Ordinance, the President and College might both impose a

reasonable fine upon the Offender and commit him without bail or

mainprize.

Quest. 5. Whether refusal to come to be examined upon warning given be

not a sufficient cause of Commitment?

Resp. They all resolved, That if the College do make an Ordinance, That

if any Practiser of Physick in _London_ or within 7 miles of the same

shall obstinately refuse to be examined by the Censors of the College

_in non bene exequendo faciendo & utendo_ the Art of Physick in his

Medicines or Receipts that the said President or Censors may commit him

to prison, there to remain without bail or mainprize, untill he be

delivered by the President and Censors and to forfeit and pay to the

said College some reasonable sum of money, That the same Ordinance will

be good and lawfull. And if any after shall offend contrary to the said

Ordinance, the President and Censors may lawfully commit such Offender

to prison, there to remain without bail or mainprize untill he shall be

delivered by the said President and Censors.

It pleased the Lord Chancellor to move these Questions to the Judges as

material for the execution of the Statutes.

1 Quest. Whether the party committed for unskilful or temerarious

practice may have an action of false imprisonment against them, and

thereby draw in question or issue the goodness or badness of the

Physick?

Resp. All resolved, That the Party so committed was concluded by the

sentence and judgement of the 4 Censors of the College of Physicians.

2 Quest. Whether if any not admitted do practise Physick within London

or 7 miles of the same but once twice or thrice in one month, be an

Offender against the Charter and Statutes of the College?

Resp. All resolved it was, if he be a professed Physician.

These I conceive to be the resolutions of their Lordships and the

Judges upon the Questions which I humbly refer to themselves to

affirm or disaffirm

John Crook

Tho. Foster

Tho. Harries

(from Goodall’s Collection, p. 276).

CASES.

DR. BONHAM’S CASE.[111]

(_From_ 8 _Co. Rep._ 114.)

_Hil._ 7 _Jac._ 1.