[Footnote 1: Hist. Ind. Tribes of U.S., 1853, pt. 3, p. 193.]
[Footnote 2: Antiq. of Southern Indians, 1873, pp. 108-110.]
[Footnote 3: Hist. of Carolina, 1714, p. 181.]
[Footnote 4: Hist. Ind. Tribes of U.S., 1855, pt. 5, p. 270.]
[Footnote 5: Rep. Smithsonian Institution, 1871, p. 407.]
[Footnote 6: Voy. dans l’Arizona, in Bull. Soc. de Géographie,
1877.]
[Footnote 7: Nat. Races Pacif. States 1874, vol. 1, p. 555.]
[Footnote 8: Cont. to N. A. Ethnol., 1877, vol. iii, p. 133.]
[Footnote 9: L’incertitude des Signes de la Mort, 1749, t. 1,
p. 439.]
[Footnote 10: Rites of Funeral, Ancient and Modern, 1683, p. 45.]
[Footnote 11: Schoolcraft Hist. Ind. Tribes of the United States,
1853, Pt. 3, p. 140.]
[Footnote 12: U.S. Geol. Surv. of Terr. 1876, p. 473.]
[Footnote 13: Life and adventures of Moses Van Campen, 1841,
p. 252.]
[Footnote 14: Trans. Amer. Antiq. Soc., 1830, vol i, p. 302.]
[Footnote 15: Antiquities of Tennessee. Smith. Inst. Cont. to
Knowledge. No. 259, 1876. Pp. 1, 8, 37, 52, 55, 82.]
[Footnote 16: Pop. Sc. Month., Sept., 1877, p. 577.]
[Footnote 17: Nat. Races of the Pacific States, 1874, vol. i,
p. 780.]
[Footnote 18: A detailed account of this exploration, with many
illustrations, will be found in the Eleventh Annual Report of the
Peabody Museum, Cambridge, 1878.]
[Footnote 19: Trans. Amer. Antiq. Soc., 1820, vol. i, p. 174 _et
seq._]
[Footnote 20: American Naturalist, 1877, xi, No. 11, p. 688.]
[Footnote 21: Proc. Am. Ass. Adv. of Science, 1875, p. 288.]
[Footnote 22: Bartram’s Travels, 1791, p. 513.]
[Footnote 23: Bartram’s Travels, 1791, p. 515.]
[Footnote 24: A Concise Nat. Hist. of East and West Florida,
1775.]
[Footnote 25: Mem. Hist. sur la Louisiane, 1753, vol. i, pp.
241-243.]
[Footnote 26: Uncivilized Races of the World, 1870, vol i,
p. 464.]
[Footnote 27: Rep. Smithsonian Inst., 1867, p. 406.]
[Footnote 28: Contrib. to N. A. Ethnol., 1877, vol. 1, p. 62.]
[Footnote 29: Hist. of Virginia, 1722, p. 185.]
[Footnote 30: Collection of Voyages, 1812, vol. xiii, p. 39.]
[Footnote 31: Hist. Ind. Tribes United States, 1854, Part IV, pp.
155 _et seq._]
[Footnote 32: Trans. Amer. Antiq. Soc., 1820, vol. 1, p. 360.]
[Footnote 33: Letter to Samuel M. Burnside, in Trans. and Coll.
Amer. Antiq. Soc., 1820, vol. 1, p. 318.]
[Footnote 34: A mummy of this kind, of a person of mature age,
discovered in Kentucky, is now in the cabinet of the American
Antiquarian Society. It is a female. Several human bodies were
found enwrapped carefully in skins and cloths. They were inhumed
below the floor of the cave; _inhumed_, and not lodged in
catacombs.]
[Footnote 35: Cont. to N. A. Ethnol., 1877, vol. i, p. 89.]
[Footnote 36: Billings’ Exped., 1802, p. 161.]
[Footnote 37: Pre-historic Races, 1873, p. 199.]
[Footnote 38: Rawlinson’s Herodotus, Book i, chap. 198, _note_.]
[Footnote 39: Amer. Naturalist, 1876, vol. x, p. 455 et seq.]
[Footnote 40: Manners, Customs, &c., of North American Indians,
1844, vol. ii, p. 5.]
[Footnote 41: Uncivilized Races of the World, 1870, vol. i,
p. 483.]
[Footnote 42: Hist. de l’Amérique Septentrionale, 1753, tome ii,
p. 43.]
[Footnote 43: Pioneer Life, 1872.]
[Footnote 44: I saw the body of this woman in the tree. It was
undoubtedly an exceptional case. When I came here (Rock Island)
the bluffs on the peninsula between Mississippi and Rock River
(three miles distant) were thickly studded with Indian grave
mounds, showing conclusively that subterranean was the usual mode
of burial. In making roads, streets, and digging foundations,
skulls, bones, trinkets, beads, etc., in great numbers, were
exhumed, proving that many things (according to the wealth or
station of survivors) were deposited in the graves. In 1836 I
witnessed the burial of two chiefs in the manner stated.
--P. GREGG.]
[Footnote 45: Tract No. 50, West. Reserve and North. Ohio Hist.
Soc. (1879?), p. 107.]
[Footnote 46: Hist. of Ft. Wayne, 1868, p. 284.]
[Footnote 47: The Last Act, 1876.]
[Footnote 48: Cont. to N. A. Ethnol., 1877, vol. iii, p. 341.]
[Footnote 49: Hist. Indian Tribes of the United States, 1854, part
IV, p. 224.]
[Footnote 50: Adventures on the Columbia River, 1831, vol. ii,
p. 387.]
[Footnote 51: Trans. Am. Antiq. Soc., 1820, vol. i, p. 377.]
[Footnote 52: Hist. Indian Tribes of the United States, 1853, part
iii, p. 112.]
[Footnote 53: Contrib. to N. A. Ethnol., 1877, vol iii, p. 169.]
[Footnote 54: Amer. Naturalist, November, 1878, p. 753.]
[Footnote 55: Proc. Dav. Acad. Nat. Sci., 1867-’76, p. 64.]
[Footnote 56: Pre-historic Races, 1873, p. 149.]
[Footnote 57: Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., Nov. 1874, p. 168.]
[Footnote 58: Amer. Naturalist, Sept., 1878, p. 629.]
[Footnote 59: Explorations of the Valley of the Great Salt Lake of
Utah, 1852, p. 43.]
[Footnote 60: Narrative of a Voyage to the Pacific, 1831, vol. i,
p. 332.]
[Footnote 61: Nat. Races of Pac. States, 1871, vol. i, p. 780.]
[Footnote 62: Am. Antiq. and Discov., 1838, p. 286.]
[Footnote 63: Nat. Races of Pac. States, 1874 vol. i, p. 69.]
[Footnote 64: Travels in Alaska, 1869, p. 100.]
[Footnote 65: Alaska and its Resources, 1870, pp. 19, 132, 145.]
[Footnote 66: Life on the Plains, 1854, p. 68.]
[Footnote 67: Tour to the Lakes, 1827, p. 305.]
[Footnote 68: Long’s Exped. to the St. Peter’s River, 1824,
p. 332.]
[Footnote 69: L’incertitude des signes de la Mort, 1742, tome i,
p. 475, _et seq._]
[Footnote 70: The writer is informed by Mr. John Henry Boner that
the custom still prevails not only in Pennsylvania, but at the
Moravian settlement of Salem, N.C.]
[Footnote 71: Rep. Smithsonian Inst., 1866, p. 319.]
[Footnote 72: Uncivilized Races of the World, 1874, v. ii, p. 774,
_et seq._]
[Footnote 73: Hist. of Florida, 1775, p. 88.]
[Footnote 74: Antiquities of the Southern Indians, 1873, p. 105.]
[Footnote 75: Bartram’s Travels, 1791, p. 516.]
[Footnote 76: “Some ingenious men whom I have conversed with have
given it as their opinion that all those pyramidal artificial
hills, usually called Indian mounds, were raised on this occasion,
and are generally sepulchers. However, I am of different
opinion.”]
[Footnote 77: League of the Iroquois, 1851, p. 173.]
[Footnote 78: Myths of the New World, 1868, p. 255.]
[Footnote 79: Hist. N. A. Indians, 1844, i, p. 90.]
[Footnote 80: Northwest Coast, 1857, p. 185.]
[Footnote 81: Cont. N. A. Ethnol., 1877, i., p. 200.]
[Footnote 82: Uncivilized Races of the World, 1870, vol. i,
p. 483.]
[Footnote 83: Exploration Great Salt Lake Valley, Utah, 1859,
p. 48.]
[Footnote 84: Hist. North American Indians, 1844, vol. ii,
p. 141.]
[Footnote 85: Mœurs des Sauvages, 1724, tome ii, p. 406.]
[Footnote 86: Autobiography of James Beckwourth, 1856, p. 269.]
[Footnote 87: Tour to the Lakes, 1827, p. 292.]
[Footnote 88: Nat. Races of Pacific States, 1874, vol. i, pp. 731,
744.]
[Footnote 89: Life Among the Choctaws, 1860, p. 294.]
[Footnote 90: Bossu’s Travels (Forster’s translation), 1771,
p. 38.]
[Footnote 91: At the hour intended for the ceremony, they made the
victims swallow little balls or pills of tobacco, in order to make
them giddy, and as it were to take the sensation of pain from
them; after that they were all strangled and put upon mats, the
favorite on the right, the other wife on the left, and the others
according to their rank.]
[Footnote 92: The established distinctions among these Indians
were as follows: The Suns, relatives of the Great Sun, held the
highest rank; next come the Nobles; after them the Honorables; and
last of all the common people, who were very much despised. As the
nobility was propagated by the women, this contributed much to
multiply it.]
[Footnote 93: The Great Sun had given orders to put out all the
fires, which is only done at the death of the sovereign.]
[Footnote 94: Ten Years in Oregon, 1850, p. 261.]
[Footnote 95: Nat. Races of Pacif. States, 1875, vol iii, p. 513.]
[Footnote 96: Pilgrimage, 1828, vol. ii, p. 443.]
[Footnote 97: Canadian Red River Exploring Expedition, 1860, ii,
p. 164.]
[Footnote 98: League of the Iroquois, 1851, p. 287.]
[Footnote 99: Cont. to North American Ethnol., 1878, iii, p. 164.]
[Footnote 100: Am. Antiq., April, May, June, 1879, p. 251.]
[Footnote 101: Pilgrimage, 1828, ii, p. 308.]
[Footnote 102: Hist. Indian Tribes of the United States, 1851,
part i, p. 356.]
[Footnote 103: Cont. to N. A. Ethnol., 1877, vol. ii., p. 58.]
[Footnote 104: Ethnol. and Philol. of the Hidatsa Indians. U.S.
Geol. Surv. of Terr., 1877, p. 409.]
[Footnote 105: Long’s Exped., 1824, vol. ii, p. 158.]
[Footnote 106: Northwest Coast, 1857, p. 212.]
[Footnote 107: Nat. Races Pacif. States, 1875, vol. iii, p. 512.]