HOG-LEAVE, N. HAGA-LEYFI, _permissio pascuendi_—HAG-RA, _facultas
pascuendi_—RIDING THE HAGRA, perambulation of the Marches of the
HAGI.
HAWK-HENS, A general parochial burden of “poultry to feed the King’s
falcons” taken in the islands; first exacted by Bishop William
Tulloch (in addition to the new Scottish burden of Kanefowls,
exigible from tenants only), and still occasionally demanded by
the Queen’s Falconer.
HERAD, (N.) _districtus montibus et mari terminatus_, A district
containing several Hrepps or Skathalds, with their several Tuns or
Rooms, and a MOAR common to them all.
HIRDMAN, (N.) _Miles, aulicus_. HIRDMAN STANE, N. HIRDMAN STEFN,
_congressus militum_.
HOMER, HOEMOTHER, Sunfish, or Basking Shark.
HREPP, (N.) _tribus_, The Community of HREPPMEN, or Skatt brethren
possessing a SKATHALD, with common pasture in the MOAR, and a
share of the Tulberskatt exacted from intruders not entitled to
pasture there.
HUSS-BONDI, (N.) _paterfamilias_—HUSS-KARL, _domesticus, operarius_.
JOL, (N.) _natalitia Christi, initium Aquarii_, Yule or Christmas.
LANDSETTERCOP, N. LAND-SETTR KAUP, _merces conductionis_, A fee or
fine on letting or reletting a farm.
LANDSKYLD, Dan. LAND-SKYLLD, N. LAND-SKULLD, Scot. Landmale, _debitum
quod locator fundi debet domino præstare, locarium, redditus
prædianus_, The rent of a farm.
LAST, N. LÆST, _mensura oneris nautici_, A measure = 12 Barrels; also
a weight = 24 Meils.
LAW-BOOK, N. LÖG-BOK, _codex legum_, Book of Laws.
LAWMAN, N. LÖG-MADR, _nomophylax_, The President of the Althing,
Keeper and Expounder of the Law-book, and Chief Judge of Orkney,
anciently paid by the assessment of FÖRKAUP, and afterwards by the
Scottish Government, and ultimately abolished or merged in the
office of Sheriff.
LAWRIGHTMAN, N. LÖG-RETTA-MADR, _scabinus_, An Official chosen by the
Vard-Thing, and charged with the custody and application of the
Standards of Weight and Measure, and the general interests of the
Herad or Parish, especially in the Law-thing, where he acted as
Assessor of the Lawman or Foud. The name was latterly given to the
inferior local umpires of minor questions of Scandal, Marches, or
breaches of the Sheep Acts, more correctly called RANCELMEN.
LÆANGER, N. LEDANGR, _contributio in præsidium patriæ_, A Tax paid in
Zetland.
LEIGUMADR, (N.) _conductor prædii_, A Tenant farmer under a formal
Tack of Assedation, generally for three years, but renewable on
payment of Grassum, LANDSETTR or EYSETTR-COP.
LISPUND, LESPUND, LESCHPUND (idem ac SETTEEN q. vide), A Weight = 24
Marks, or ⅙ of a Meil, or 1/15 of a Barrel; gradually raised by
the donataries from 12 to 18 ℔ Scots measure.
MARK, N. MÖRK, _bes, sonulibru, octo unciæ_, A weight = 8 ounces or
1/24 of a Lispund or Setteen, gradually raised to 20 ounces; also
a Land-Measure, not of extent, but of valuation proportioned to
the taxation, and regulating both rights and burdens.
MEIL, N. MÆLIR, A Weight = 6 Lespunds, or 1/24 of a Last.
MERK, A Scottish coin = 13s. 4d. or ⅔ of a Pound Scots.
MŒLISCOP, A local Land-measure = ⅙ of a pennyland.
MUIR, Islandic MOAR, _ericetum_, Heath pasture, common to all the
Skathalds and Hrepps of a Herad.
MUIR STANE, N. MOAR STENN, The idol, afterwards (till lately) the
THINGSTOD of a HERAD, or Vard-Thing.
NOBLE, ANGEL-NOBLE, An English gold coin = 10 shillings sterling.
NONENTRY, A Scottish Feudal casualty.
O-BOTA-MALI, (N.) _crimen ære non expiabile_, Crime inferring death,
exile, or forfeiture to the King.
ODAL, N. ODAL, _allodium, prædium hereditarium_, The estate of an
Odaller; quasi ODH-AL _plena possessio_.
ODAL-BORN, N. ODAL-BORINN, _natus ad heredium avitum, viz., rectâ
lineâ a primo occupante_.
ODALRED, N. ODH-AL-RÆDI, _jus plenæ possessionis a primo occupante_.
ODALLER, ODALSMADR, _dominus allodialis_, The Free possessor of an
Odalsjord.
ODALSJORD, (N.) _prædium hereditarium_.
OX-MONEY and SHEEP-MONEY, Exactions in Zetland, grounded upon the
provisions furnished to Bothwell.
PACK, N. PACKI, A quantity of Wadmæl = 10 Gudlings.
PLOWK, Scot. A plug or pin.
PUNDLAR, N. PUNDARI, _statera_, An instrument of Weight of two kinds,
viz., the Malt-pundlar for Lispunds, Meils, and Lasts of Malt—1
Last = 24 Meils = 144 Lispunds; and the Bere-pundlar for Bere
only, but estimating the Last as containing 36 Meils, or one-third
more than the Malt-pundlar, according to a conventional proportion
of raw to dried grain.
PURPRESION, PURPRESTURE, A feudal casualty of forfeiture or fine for
encroachment on the rights of the Overlord.
QUOY, N. QUI, _area circumsepta_, An enclosure.
RENTALS OF ORKNEY, Records of the Odaller’s Skatts, Tenants’ Males,
Vassal’s Feu-duties, and Parish burdens, chargeable by the
Donatary or Chamberlain.
ROOM, N. RUM, _locus_, The same in Zetland as TUN in Orkney.
ROTHE, ROYTH, N. RŒDI, _dispensatio rei œconomicæ_, The Odaller’s
Conditions and Rights as master of his own house—ROITHISMEN and
ROTHISMEN’S SONS, Odallers and Odalborn.
SAMYNG, N. SŒMD, _honos, decus_, An Odaller’s Rank and Dignity as a
free-born Thingman.
SCHYND, SCHOIND, SCHOWND, N. SKYND, Dan. SKJON, _ratio_, An Inquest of
Thingmen to examine, sanction, and confirm all procedure
respecting the Succession, Impignoration, or Alienation of
Heritage; anciently by a _vivâ voce_ doom, but frequently (after
the accession of the Scottish Jarls) by a SKYND-BREF or “Schynd
Bill.”
SCOULDING, N. SKULLD, _debitum, crimen, mulcta_, A Thing for civil
debts, damages, and fines for minor offences.
SET, N. SETTR, _pactio_, An agreement, the letting of land.
SETTEEN, SETTING, N. SETTUNGR, _sextans_, A weight = 24 marks, or ⅙ of
a Meil, _idem ac_ LISPUND _et_ SPAN.
SETTER, N. SŒTTUR, The infield pasture of a TUN.
SKAT, N. SKATTR, _vectigal, tributum_, The Tax upon all land occupied
by Odal-red, for the support of the Crown, and expense of
government—SKATT-BRETHREN, N. SKAT-BRŒDIR, Members of the same
Skathald, called also HREPPISMEN—SKAT-FAL, (N.) Failure for two
years to pay Skatt, punished by confiscation, unless
redeemed—SKATTALD, N. SKAT-HALD, A district or HREPP containing
several TUNS or ROOMS, with an exclusive HAGI, and a share in the
MOAR of the HERAD.
SKYLD, LAND-SKYLD, Dan. LAND-SKYLD, A Tenant’s Rent, as opposed to
SKATTR, Odaller’s Tax.
SKYLLING or QUHYT, A Danish coin = 1½d. Scots, afterwards raised to
6d. by Earl Robert.
SPAN, idem ac LESPUND.
STEFN, (N.) _citatio_, A Summons, afterwards a Court or Assembly.
STEMBOD, N. STEFN-BOD, _signum citationis_, A symbol of citation,
being a Staff for ordinary Meetings, an Arrow for matters of
urgency or haste, an Axe for a Court of Justice, and a Cross for
Ecclesiastical or Religious affairs.
STENT, N. STEND, _stare, equivalere_, The amount of Butter Skatt
legally due by each ODAL-TUN.
TACK, A Lease of a farm, sometimes of a considerable district, or
sometimes even of the whole Earldom, or Bishopric—TACKSMAN, the
holder of such a lease. The term is generally applied to the
Farmers of the Crown Rents and Revenues.
THING, (N.) _comitia_, An Assembly, Parliament, or Court of Freemen.
AL-THING, _forum universale_, A general Assemblage of all
Free-men.
HERADS-THING or STEFN, A district Meeting of HERADSMEN.
HIRDMANS-THING or STEFN, A Council of Warriors.
HOF-THING, _consultatio de rebus sacris_.
HUSS-THING, _consultatio de rebus domesticis_.
LAW-THING, A Court of Law—LEIDAR-THING, A War Council.
VARD-THING, HREPPAMOT or HREPPA STEFN, An Assembly of the
Skatt-brethren of a Hrepp or Skathald.
THING-STOD (N.) _locus comitiorum_.
THRÆLL, (N.) _servus_, A slave.
TOFT, N. TOMT, _area domus vacua_, Land once tilled but abandoned.
TOWN, N. TUN, _viridarium, pratum_, The original ODALSJORD of a Primal
Occupant or LAND-NAMA-MADR, possessing its own exclusive SŒTTUR, a
share of the HAGI, and rights of commonty in the MOAR.
TUMALE, Scot., Land enclosed from the common pasture, and tilled; but
not included in the original ODAL-TUN.
TULBERSKATT, N. TOLD-BŒR-SKATT, A fine or rent exacted by the
Vard-Thing from unentitled intruders on the MOAR of its HERAD.
TUN-GARDR, (N.) _sepimentum viridarii_, Hill-dyke.
UMBOTHSMAN, N. UMBODS MADR, _procurator, mandatarius_, An agent,
procurator, for-Speaker, or advocate.
UNDER-FOUD, An Official in every parish of Zetland, with local duties
and powers similar to those of the Head Foud, especially in
representing and watching the interest of the Government, latterly
superseded by the _Bailie_.
URE ORE, N. EYRIR, _uncia_, An ounce, the fundamental unit of all
Orkneyan mensuration, being 1/8th of a Mark. URISLAND, A
denomination of Land Value = 1/8th of a Mark of Land, or 18
pennylands.
VATN, (N.) _aqua, lacus_.
VIKINGR, (N.) _pirata_. VIKING (N.) _piratica_. HAUST- or VOR-VIKING,
an Autumnal or Spring expedition.
VŒ-BOND, (N.) _sepimentum dicasterii_, tutela pacis publicæ, Anciently
the cord which encircled the Thing-stod, and the rupture of which
dissolved the meeting—from its peculiar sanctity it came to
signify an Asylum or Sanctuary.
VŒRINGR, (N.) _miles Nordmannus Imperatoris Græci_.
WARD HILL, WART HILL, N. VARDI, _strues lapidum_, The hill on which
the beacon was lighted to give warning of approaching danger.
WATTEL, WATTLE, N. VOTTR-TEL, _testes numerare_, The ancient
assessment for the salary of the Under-foud for summing up the
evidence at the VARD-THING, afterwards a perquisite of the
Baillie, in addition to the Balliatus.
ZOPINDALE, YOWPINDAL, A silver coin = 15 shillings Scots in 1541, but
raised by Earl Robert to 20 shillings in 1572.
ZOWISWORTH, YOWISWORTH, COWSWORTH, a proportion of Odal-land = 1/10th
of a pennyland.
ERRATA.
In the TABLE OF CONTENTS, after “APPENDIX,” add “and GLOSSARY OF
UNUSUAL WORDS.”
In the Introduction—
P. xix, line 7, for “LEIGN-MADR,” read “LEIGU-MADR.”
P. xxxv, line 10, for “Leign-men,” read “Leigu-men.”
P. xli, line 3, _dele_ the comma after “rights,” and read “of rights
Odal.”
P. xli, line 8, _dele_ the comma after “casualty.”
P. xli, line 28, for “the Crown,” read “the Crown-lands.”
P. xliii, line 21, for “Few,” read “Feu.”
P. 8, line 21, for “In stopping of all ferries of the country, to
transport sic as he pleased, to stop and” &c., read “In
stopping of all ferries of the country to transport sic as he
pleased to stop, and” &c.
P. 10, line 4, for “countryman,” read “countrymen.”
P. 16, line 2, for “office be himselff,” read “office, he himselff.”
P. 34, line 5, for “wadwell,” read “wadmell.”
P. 38, lines 19, 20, 21, 24,│
... 46, line 7, │
... 58, lines 23, 27, │
... 59, line 29, │for “babeis,” read “s.” a contraction for
│ shillings.
... 60, line 13, │
... 62, line 11. │
... 70, line 11, and │
... 88, line 5, │
P. 77, lines 7, 25, for “reddendo,” read “reddens.”
THE END.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES
1. P. 130, made all corrections noted in the Errata.
2. P. 28, changed “elder and zounger” to “elder and younger”.
3. Silently corrected typographical errors in punctuation.
4. Retained anachronistic, non-standard, and uncertain spellings as
printed.
5. Enclosed italics font in _underscores_.