between the Crown and the subject occupies the second period of
our history. It assumes several forms; sometimes the dislike of
foreigners, sometimes a desire for self-taxation, sometimes it
seems little more than an outbreak of an over-strong nobility. But
whatever its form, the fruits of the struggle were lasting. The
rival claims of King and nation, acknowledged and regulated by the
wisdom of Edward I., gave rise to that balanced constitution which
in its latest development still exists among us. But it would seem
that this great advance in government had been somewhat premature.
In other nations institutions resembling our Parliament sprang
into existence, and faded away before the power of the Crown, an
effect which can be traced chiefly to the strong line of division
separating the commonalty from the nobles. Without support from
the nobility, and in all its interests in direct antagonism to it,
the commonalty, after supporting the Crown in the destruction of
the baronage, found itself in presence of a power to which it was
unable to offer any resistance. Several causes already mentioned
had in England weakened the sharp definition of classes, but there
was a great risk even there of a similar failure of constitutional
monarchy. It was as the leader of the nobility that Henry IV. first
rose into importance in the reign of Richard II., and subsequently
obtained the crown. The limitation of the franchise in the reign
of Henry VI., and the consequent subserviency of Parliament,
were steps towards the elevation of an aristocratical influence,
which, had it grown till its suppression by the Crown was rendered
necessary, would have reproduced in England the historical
phenomena visible in France. Fortunately the nobility were not at
one among themselves. The various sources from which they derived
their origin, the close family connections, and personal interests,
split them into factions, which, taking advantage of a disputed
succession, brought their quarrel to the trial of the sword
with such animosity that the nobility of England was virtually
extinguished.
But while this faction fight, and the great French war which
preceded it, attract the attention chiefly during the third period
of the history, a quiet advance of great importance had been going
on, sheltered by the more obvious movements of the time. The same
spirit which had found its expression in the establishment of the
Constitution, had indirectly, if not directly, influenced every
class of the nation. The exclusive merchant guild had given place
to the craftsman’s guild. The wars in France, the alienation of
property fostered by the legislation of Edward I., the Black
Death, which had robbed the country of at least a third of its
labouring hands, had sealed the fate of serfdom, and established
in England the great class of free wage labourers. The same
alienation, the gradual increase and importance of trade, and the
formation and introduction of capital, had formed a middle class
of gentry, from which the successful merchant was not excluded.
Nor had this political growth been unaccompanied by an advance of
thought. The failure of the crusades, the last great exhibition
of material religion; the Franciscan revival; the philosophy of
Bacon and his successors; the bold declaration of independence on
the part of Wicliffe, and the grasping and repellent character of
the Roman Court, had shaken the Church to its foundations. The
storm which had shaken the surface of English society had left its
depths unmoved and undisturbed by the great work of extermination
proceeding overhead; these processes of growth had been gradually
continuing their course during the whole of the third period. Thus,
then, when Edward IV. emerged from the troubles of the Wars of the
Roses as King of England, his position, though it might seem very
similar to that of a king who had triumphed over his nobility, was
yet considerably modified. The nobility were no doubt gone, but
it was not the Crown which had crushed them. The Church, indeed,
threw all its influence on the side of the Crown, but it was in the
consciousness of the insecurity of its position in the hearts of
the people that it did so. The King and his Commons stood face to
face, with no intermediate class to check their mutual action, but
the Commons were already free, and headed by a rapidly rising body
of wealthy secondary landowners or merchants. Nevertheless, the
immediate effect of the destruction of the nobility was completely
to check constitutional growth, and to establish a government which
was little short of arbitrary.
The Italian statecraft, which the influence of the Renaissance
rendered paramount, for the moment increased the tendency to
absolutism; and in the reign of Henry VIII., though a shadow of
popular government yet remained, the will of the king was little
short of absolute. What may be called the fourth period of our
history is occupied by the establishment of this arbitrary power,
and the gradual awakening of national life, under the influences
of the Renaissance, and of the circumstances which accompanied the
Reformation, which tended to modify it in the reign of Elizabeth.
When Protestantism and the vigorous young thought of the reawakened
nation became linked indissolubly with the fortunes of the
sovereign in her national war against Spain, the mere necessity of
the union tended much to put a practical limit to the arbitrary
character of the new monarchy. It was the miscomprehension of the
necessity of this union between king and people which produced the
contests which occupy our history during the reign of the Stuarts.
Bred in the theory of monarchy by Divine right, the logical
offspring of feudalism, when separated from the Empire and the
Church, the Stuarts were willing to accept the arbitrary power
of their predecessors, but would not acknowledge the necessity
of harmonious action with the people, on which alone, as things
then were, such arbitrary authority could rest. The middle class
of gentry had been increasing in power and influence till they
were now in a position to assume that leadership in the nation
which the destruction of the nobles had left vacant. And behind
them there was the bulk of the people, whose Protestantism, the
religious character of the late national struggle, and the love of
truth engendered by the Renaissance, had raised to enthusiastic
Puritanism. The constitutional life, checked for a time by the
Tudor monarchy, again sprang into existence. In the struggle which
ensued it was the enthusiastic party which ultimately triumphed,
and its leader, Cromwell, is seen mingling his conscientious
efforts at the establishment of constitutional government with a
religious fervour too great to be sustained.
But his rule, freed from those parts for which, as yet, the
gentry at all events were unprepared, established, definitely
and for ever, the necessity of recurring sooner or later to the
constitutional principles of the fourteenth century. In the
Revolution of 1688 those principles triumphed. But they triumphed
in the hands no longer of a great enthusiastic leader, but of a
party, which found its chief supporters in a limited number of
noble houses, whose aristocratic pride was injured by the arbitrary
power of the sovereign, and whose influence in the formation
of Parliament promised them political superiority under the
establishment of parliamentary government. From that time till the
present the scene of the contest has been changed. A party struggle
of some thirty years gave place to the unchecked predominance of
parliamentary rule. And the last period of our history has been
occupied by the efforts of the excluded nation to make their voice
heard above that of a nominal representation, consisting in reality
of the representatives of a dominant class, under the influence
either of the great Whig families or of the Crown.
GENEALOGIES OF THE LEADING FAMILIES
(_The founder of the family a kinsman of William I._)
DE BOHUNS (HEREFORD, ESSEX, NORTHAMPTON).
Henry de Bohun = Maud, daughter of Geoffrey
| Fitz-Peter, Earl of Essex.
1st Earl of Hereford. |
Hereditary Constable of England. |
One of the Guardians of the |
Charter. Taken prisoner at |
battle of Lincoln. Died 1220. |
|
+---------------+
|
Humphrey, 2nd Earl of = Maud, daughter of Earl of Ewe.
Hereford. Made also |
Earl of Essex by Henry |
III. Godfather to Prince |
Edward. On Barons’ |
side. Taken prisoner |
at Evesham. Restored |
to favour. |
Humphrey = Eleanor, daughter of
Commanded on | Eve and William de Braose.
Barons’ side |
at Lewes. |
Taken prisoner |
at Evesham. |
Died 1266. |
|
Humphrey, 3rd Earl of Hereford = Maud, daughter of
and Essex. Restored to favour | Ingelram de Fines.
by Edward I. Fought in Scotland. |
Refused to fight for |
Edward I. Compelled him to |
ratify the Charter. Died 1298. |
|
Humphrey, 4th Earl of Hereford = Elizabeth, daughter
and Essex. Fought for | of Edward I.
Edward I. and II. in |
Scotland. Taken prisoner at |
Stryvelin; exchanged for |
Bruce’s wife. Refused to |
obey Edward’s order not to |
fight Despenser. Joined |
Lancaster’s insurrection. |
Killed at battle of |
Boroughbridge, 1322. |
|
1 2 3 |
+--------------------------+---------------+------+
| | |
John = Alice Fitz-Alan, Humphrey William = Elizabeth, daughter
5th Earl daughter of 6th Earl Fought at | of Badlesmere,
of Hereford Earl of of Hereford Cressy. Made | widow of Edmund
and Essex. Arundel. and Essex. Earl of | Mortimer.
Died 1335. Northampton, |
1337. |
Died 1360. |
|
+---------------+
|
Humphrey = Joan, daughter of
7th Earl of Hereford, | Richard, 9th Earl
Essex, and Northampton. | of Arundel.
Died 1372. |
|
+-------------------------------+----------+
| |
Eleanor = Thomas of Woodstock, Mary = Henry IV., who thus became
sixth son of Edward Earl of Hereford, Essex,
III., who thus became and Northampton.
Constable.
(_Family founded at the Conquest._)
BEAUCHAMP
(WARWICK).
Walter de Beauchamp = Bertha de Braose.
Fought against John. |
Made peace with |
Henry III. One of |
the Barons-Marchers. |
Died 1235. |
|
Walcheline = Joan, daughter of
Died 1235. | Roger Mortimer,
| who died 1215.
|
William = Isabel, sister and
Fought in Gascony. | heiress of
and in Scotland. | William Maudit,
Died 1268. | Earl of Warwick.
|
William = Maud Fitz-John,
1st Earl of Warwick. | widow of Girard
Distinguished in | de Furnival.
Edward I.’s wars. |
Died 1298. |
|
Guy = Alice de Toni.
2nd Earl, “The Black |
Dog of Ardenne.” |
Caused Gaveston |
to be beheaded. |
Died 1315. |
|
Thomas = Catherine, daughter
3rd Earl. Fought | of Roger Mortimer,
at Cressy and | 1st Earl of March.
Poitiers. Died |
of the plague |
at Calais, |
1369. |
|
Thomas = Margaret Ferrars.
4th Earl. Governor of Richard |
II. Joined Thomas of |
Gloucester. Condemned to |
death. Banished to Isle of |
Man. Kept in the Tower. |
Restored by Henry IV. Died |
1401. |
|
Richard = 1. Eliz. de Lisle.
5th Earl. Fought against the = 2. Isabel Despenser,
Percies at Shrewsbury. | daughter of Earl
Governor of Henry VI. | of Gloucester,
Lieutenant-General of | widow of Richard
France. Died 1439. | Beauchamp, Earl
| of Worcester.
|
+--------------------------------------+---+
| |
Henry = Cicely Neville. Anne = Richard Neville,
6th Earl, Premier | Became heiress | “The Kingmaker.”
Earl of England. | on her niece’s |
Duke of Warwick | death. |
(married at ten | |
years old). Died | |
1445. | |
| |
| +-------------------------+
| | |
Ann. Isabel = George, Ann = Prince Edward.
Died 1449. Duke of = Richard III.
Clarence.
(_Family founded at the Conquest._)
MOWBRAY (NOTTINGHAM, NORFOLK).
William de Mowbray = Agnes, daughter of Earl of Arundel.
Strong against John. One of the |
25 Guardians of the Charter. |
Taken prisoner at battle of |
Lincoln. Made peace with |
Henry III. Lands restored. |
Died 1222. |
Roger = Maud, daughter of Beauchamp
Died 1266. | of Bedford.
|
Roger = Rose, daughter of Richard de
Fought in Wales | Clare, Earl of Gloucester.
and Gascony. |
Died 1298. |
|
John = Aliva de Braose.
Fought in Scotland. |
Warden of the |
Marches towards |
Scotland, 1314. |
Joined Lancaster. |
Hanged at |
York 1322. |
|
John = Joan, daughter of Henry,
In favour with | Earl of Lancaster.
Edward III. |
Fought in |
France. |
Died 1361. |
|
John = Elizabeth, granddaughter
Died fighting against | and heiress of Thomas
the Turks at | de Brotherton, Earl
Constantinople, | Marshall, and Earl of
1368. | Norfolk.
|
+----------------------------------------------+
| |
John, made Earl of Thomas = Elizabeth, daughter
Nottingham, Earl of Nottingham, 1383. Earl | of Richard, Earl
1377. Died Marshall, 1386. Governor | of Arundel.
1379. of Calais. Helped to execute |
Arundel, his father-in-law, |
and Thomas of Woodstock. |
Had the lands of Arundel |
and of Thomas Beauchamp, |
Earl of Warwick. Duel with |
Hereford. Banished for |
life. Died at Venice, 1400. |
|
+-------------------------+-----------------+----+
| | |
Thomas = Constance, John = Kate Margaret = Robert
Earl Marshall. daughter Earl of | Neville. | Howard.
Joined Scrope. of Holland, Nottingham, | |
Beheaded 1405. Duke of Duke of | John, became Duke of
Exeter. Norfolk. | Norfolk, and Earl
Died 1432. | Marshall after
| Anne’s death, 1483.
|
John = Eleanor Bouchier.
3rd Duke of |
Norfolk, |
Died 1461. |
|
+----------------+
|
|
John = Elizabeth, daughter of Talbot,
Earl of Warrenne | Earl of Shrewsbury.
and Surrey 1451, |
4th Duke of |
Norfolk. Died |
1475. |
Anne = Betrothed to Richard,
son of Edward IV.
MORTIMERS (MARCH).
Roger, related to William I.
|
Ralph, fought at Hastings for William. Conquered
| and succeeded Edric at Wigmore.
|
Hugh, opposed accession of Henry II. Conquered
| by him. Died 1185.
|
Roger, constantly fighting the Welsh. Died 1215.
|
+-----------------+-----------+
| |
Hugh--Strong partisan Ralph = Gladuse, daughter of Llewellyn,
of John. Strong | widow of Reginald de Braose.
Died 1227. against Welsh. |
|
Roger = Maud de Braose.
Fought in Gascony and against Wales. |
On Henry III.’s side against the |
Barons. Escaped to Wales after |
battle of Lewes. Planned Edward’s |
escape. Commanded 3rd division at |
Evesham. As reward was made Earl |
of Oxford. Sheriff of Hereford. |
Died 1282. |
|
+------+
|
Edmund = Margaret, a Spaniard,
Wedding at Edward I.’s expense.| related to Queen Eleanor.
Died fighting against the |
Welsh, 1303. |
|
Roger = Joan of Genevil, daughter of
Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland. | Lord of Trim in Ireland.
Paramour of Queen Isabella. |
1st Earl of March, 1327. |
Hanged at Smithfield, 1330. |
|
Edmund = Elizabeth, daughter of
Lord Mortimer. | Lord Badlesmere.
Died 1331. |
|
Roger = Philippa, daughter of
Went to France with Edward III. | Montague, 1st Earl
Knighted there. Restored | of Salisbury.
to his Earldom of March, |
1355. Died 1360. |
|
Edmund = Philippa, daughter of
3rd Earl of March. Treated for | Lionel Plantagenet,
peace with France when only | Duke of Clarence.
18. Lord-Lieutenant of |
Ireland, 1380. Died 1381. |
|
Roger = Eleanor Holland,
4th Earl of March, ward to | daughter of Earl
Richard, Earl of Arundel. | of Kent.
Lieutenant of Ireland. |
Made heir-apparent, 1386. |
Died 1398. |
|
+-----------------------------+----------+
| |
Edmund = Ann, daughter of Ann = Richard Plantagenet, son
5th Earl of March. Earl of Stafford. | of Edmund of York, 5th
Ward to Henry IV. | son of Edward III.
Fought in France. | Beheaded 1415.
Lord-Lieutenant of |
Ireland. Died 1424. |
Richard = Cicely Neville,
Baron Mortimer, | daughter of the
Duke of York, | 1st Earl of
killed at | Westmoreland.
Wakefield, 1460. |
|
Edward IV.
(_Family founded at the Conquest._)
NEVILLES (WESTMORELAND, WARWICK).
Ralph de Neville = Alice de Audley.
Commissioner to Scotland 1334. |
Warden of the West Marches, |
conjointly with Henry |
de Percy. Died 1367. |
|
+---------------------------------+---------+
| |
John Lord Neville = Maud, daughter of Margaret = Henry Percy,
Lieutenant of Aquitaine | Lord Percy. 1st Earl of
1379. Died 1388. | Northumber-
| land.
|
Ralph de Neville = 1. Margaret, daughter of Hugh, 2nd Earl
Guardian of the West Marches of Stafford, by whom he had nine
1386. 1st Earl of children. Ralph his grandson by
Westmoreland 1399. For this wife became 2nd Earl of
assisting Henry IV., was made Westmoreland.
Earl Marshal of England.
Fought against the Percies
1403. Died 1425. = 2. Joan Beaufort, daughter of
| John of Gaunt.
|
+-----------------------+------------------+-----------------+
| | | |
Richard = Alice, William = Joan of George = Elizabeth |
Earl of | daughter Lord of Lord Beauchamp |
Salisbury. | and Falcon- Falcon- Latimer. daughter |
Warden of | heiress bridge, bridge. Died of 5th |
the | of the Earl of 1649. Earl of |
Marches. | Earl of Kent. Warwick. |
Beheaded | Salisbury. Died 1462. |
after | |
Wakefield, | |
1460. | |
| |
+----------------+ |
| |
| |
| +----------------------+-------+----------------+----------+------+--+
| | | | | |
| Edward = Elizabeth Robert, Kate = Duke of Eleanor = Lord |
| Lord Beauchamp Bishop Norfolk. Spencer |
| Abergav- heiress of of = Sir John = Henry |
| enny. the Durham. Woodville. Percy |
| Despensers. 2nd Earl |
| of North- |
| umberland. |
| |
| +------------------------+
| |
| +---------------+
| | | (& 4 others.)
| Anne = 1st Cicely = Richard
| | Duke | Duke of
| | of | York.
| | Buck- |
| | ingham. |
| | |
| | Edward IV.
| |
| +--------------+------------+
| | |
| Humphrey = Margaret Henry = Margaret
| of Somerset. Tudor.
|
|
+-------------+
|
|
|
+-------+-----------------+-----------+-------------------+---------+
| | | | |
Richard = Anne Beauchamp, Thomas. John = Isabel George, |
Earl of | heiress of the Killed at Lord Ingolds- Arch- |
Warwick. | 6th Earl of Wakefield, Montague. thorp. bishop |
“The King | Warwick. On the 1460. Killed at of York, |
Maker.” | death of her Barnet Chancellor. |
Killed at | daughters her 1471. |
Barnet, | inheritance was |
1471. | restored to her, |
| and by her |
| transferred to |
| Henry VII. |
| |
+---+--------------------+ |
| | |
Isabel = George, Duke Anne = Edward, Prince of Wales. |
of Clarence. = Richard III. |
|
+------------------------------+
|
+--------------+-------------------+----+----------+-------------------+
| | | | |
Joan = Fitz- Cicely = Henry Alice = Lord Eleanor = Thomas |
Alan, Beauchamp, Fitz- | Stanley, |
16th Duke of Hugh. | who |
Earl of Warwick. | afterwards |
Arundel. = Earl of | married |
Worcester, | Margaret |
beheaded, | Tudor. |
1470. | |
| |
Lord Strange. |
|
+------------------------+------------------------------+
| |
Kate = Lord Margaret = De Vere, Earl of Oxford.
Bonville. = Lord Hastings.
MARSHALLS AND BIGODS.
William Marshall = Isabel de Clare, heiress
Governor while Richard at | of Strongbow, Earl of
at Crusade. Made Earl of | Pembroke.
Pembroke 1199. John gave him |
Leinster 1208. Guardian of |
Henry III. Died 1219. |
|
1 | 2
+----------------------------------+-----+---------------+
| | |
William, 2nd Earl of = 1. Alice, Richard, 3rd Earl |
Pembroke, one of the daughter of Pembroke. |
25 Guardians of the of Earl of Fought against |
Charter. Fought Albermarle. Henry III. for |
against Llewellyn. 2. Eleanor, his castles in |
Captain-General in sister of Ireland. Killed |
Brittany. Died 1231. Henry III. in Ireland 1234. |
|
+------------------------------------+
|
3 | 4
+-----------------------+---------+--------------------------+
| | |
Gilbert, 4th Earl = Margaret, Walter, 5th Earl = Margaret, |
of Pembroke. daughter of Pembroke. daughter |
Opposed to of Acknowledged by of |
Henry III. William, Henry III. in Robert |
Killed at a King of in spite of the de |
tournament Scotland. family politics. Quincy. |
1241. Died 1245. |
|
+---------------------------------------+
|
5 | 6
+------------------------+--------+------------------------------+
| | |
Ansolm, 6th = Maud de Maud = 1. Hugh Bigod, 3rd |
Earl of Bohun, Obtained | Earl of Norfolk. |
Pembroke daughter of office of | One of the 25 |
for eighteen Humphrey, Marshall on| Guardians of the |
days only. 2nd Earl of Anselm’s | Charta. Died 1225. |
Died 1245. Hereford. death. | 2. William of Warrenne, |
| Earl of Surrey. |
| 3. Walter of |
| Dunstanville. |
| |
+-------------------------------------------+ |
| |
| +------------------------------------+
| |
| |
| 7 8 | 9 10
| +----------------+----------+-----------+-----------------+
| | | | |
| Joan = Warine Isabel = 1. Gilbert Sybil = William de Eve = William
| de Mont- Had de Clare. Had Ferrars, de Braose
| chensy. Kilkenny 2. Richard, Kildare Earl of of
| for her Earl of for her Derby. Brecknock.
| portion. Cornwall. portion.
|
+--------------------------------------+
|
+-----------------------+-------------+
| |
Roger Bigod = Isabel, sister of Hugh Bigod = Joan Burnet.
4th Earl of Alexander, Made Chief |
Norfolk. A hot King of Justice by |
partisan of the Scotland. the Barons |
Barons. Made 1257. |
Governor of Orford |
Castle by the |
Barons after Lewes. |
Inherited the |
Marshallship |
through his mother. |
|
+-----------------------------+
|
Roger Bigod = 1. Alice Basset, widow of Despenser.
5th Earl of Norfolk. 2. Joan, daughter of Earl of Bayonne.
Compelled Edward to
ratify the Charter.
Made him his heir.
[Edward made his son
Thomas (de Brotherton)
Marshall and Earl of
Norfolk.]
(_Family founded at the Conquest._)
FITZ-ALAN (ARUNDEL).
John Fitz-Alan = Isabel, heiress of Albini,
Fought against John. | 4th Earl of Arundel.
Died 1239. |
|
John, 5th Earl = Maud de Verdun.
of Arundel. |
Died 1270. |
|
John, 6th Earl = Isabel de Mortimer.
Died 1272. |
|
Richard, 7th Earl = Alice de Saluce.
Died 1301. |
|
Edmund, 8th Earl = Alice Plantagenet, heiress of the
Received the confiscated lands of | Earl of Warrenne and Surrey.
Mortimer. Fought in Scotland. |
Beheaded by Mortimer 1326. |
|
Richard, 9th Earl = Eleanor, daughter of Henry
Restored by Edward III. | Plantagenet, Earl of Lancaster.
Died 1375. |
|
+-----------------------------+-----+-------+
| | |
Richard = Elizabeth, daughter Thomas John = Eleanor Maltravers.
10th Earl. | of William de Arundel, |
Fought in | Bohun, Earl of Archbishop |
France. | Northampton. of Canterbury. |
Beheaded | Chancellor. |
1398. | Died 1413. |
| |
+------+--------+ John, 12th Earl = Eleanor Berkeley.
| | Lord Maltravers. |
Thomas Elizabeth = William, Died 1421. |
Restored by son of the |
Henry IV. 2nd Earl of John, 13th Earl = Maud Lovel.
11th Earl. Salisbury. Fought in France |
Died 1415. = Thomas Mowbray. Died 1434. |
[See Mowbray.] |
|
+------------------------------+----+
| |
William = Joan Neville, Humphrey
15th Earl. | daughter of Earl 14th Earl.
Died 1487. | of Salisbury.
|
Thomas, 16th Earl = Margaret Woodville.
Died 1524. |
|
William, 17th Earl = Anne, sister of
Died 1543. | the Earl of
| orthumberland.
|
Henry, 18th Earl = Catherine Grey,
Imprisoned in | daughter of 2nd
Edward VI.’s reign. | Marquis of Dorset.
Died 1579. |
|
Mary = Thomas Howard,
who became Earl
of Arundel.
(_Family founded in Henry I.’s reign._)
DESPENSERS.
Hugh = Aliva Basset of Wycombe,
Joined Barons against | widow of Roger Bigod,
Henry III. Made | Earl of Norfolk.
Justiciary 1260. Had |
custody of the King |
after Lewes. Killed |
at Evesham, 1265. |
Hugh = Isabel, daughter of Beauchamp,
Fought at Dunbar, 1296. | 1st Earl of Warwick,
In favour with Edward | widow of Patrick Chaworth.
I. Favourite of Edward |
II. Banished by |
Parliament. Recalled. |
One of Lancaster’s |
judges. Earl of |
Winchester. Seized by |
Isabella. Hanged, |
aged 90, 1326. |
|
Hugh = Eleanor, daughter of Gilbert de Clare,
The favourite of Edward | Earl of Gloucester.
II. Excited the enmity |
of the Barons. |
Impeached and hanged, |
1327. |
+--------------+-----------+
| |
Hugh, Baron in Edward = Anne Ferrars.
Parliament, 1338. Died 1342. |
Fought in France and |
Scotland. Died 1349. |
|
Edward = Elizabeth de Burghersh.
Fought at |
Poitiers. |
Died 1375. |
|
Thomas = Constance, daughter
Made Earl of Gloucester, | of Edmund, 5th son
1398. Degraded by | of Edward III.
Henry IV. Beheaded, 1400.|
|
+------------------------+-----+
| |
2. | 1. |
Richard Beauchamp = Isabel = Richard Beauchamp, Richard = Eliz.,
5th Earl of Warwick, | | Lord Abergavenny, daughter of
nephew of Earl of | | Earl of Worcester. Ralph, Earl
Worcester. | | of West-
| | moreland.
| |
Cicely Neville = Henry Elizabeth = Edward Neville, son of Ralph,
d. of Earl 1st Earl of Westmoreland,
of Salisbury. who thus obtained the
Baronies of Despenser and
Abergavenny.
LANCASTERS.