2. On March 7 it was engaged west of Zandvoorde, where it wa_Histories of two hundred and fifty-one divisions of the German army which participated in the war (1914-1918)

until April 11.

BATTLE OF THE LYS.

3. The division came into the battle line west of Merville on April 11,

which town it captured. About the 23d it passed to the second line.

4. The division rested for two weeks at Canteleu (a suburb of Lille). It

returned to a rest camp north of Kemmel about May 12th.

YPRES.

5. It was engaged south of Ypres from May 15 until the 1st of July in

the sector, with division headquarters at Halluin.

6. The division rested near Coutrai during July, from where it returned

to its former sector south of Ypres on July 26 and was in line until the

night of September 17–18.

LE CATELET.

7. It was moved south to relieve the Alpine Corps at Vendhuile, where it

came in on September 23. In the fighting the division was driven back by

Aubencheul-Villers Cutreaux on Maretz-Clary early in October. After

suffering heavy casualties and losing over 400 prisoners, it was

withdrawn on October 14.

8. The division rested in the Guise area until October 22.

9. It was reengaged north of Le Cateau on October 22–23, but withdrew

about November 1. On the 5th it was identified in line north of Maulde,

where it remained until the end.

VALUE—1918 ESTIMATE.

The division was regarded as a first-class division. A majority of its

men came from the younger classes. Its effectives were high and the

morale good. Apart from the Armentieres offensive in April, the division

was on the defensive during 1918.

8th Landwehr Division.

COMPOSITION.

─────────────┬─────────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────

│ 1915 │ 1916

─────────────┼──────────────┬──────────────┼──────────────┬──────────────

│ Brigade. │ Regiment. │ Brigade. │ Regiment.

─────────────┼──────────────┼──────────────┼──────────────┼──────────────

Infantry. │56 Ldw. │109 Ldw. │56 Ldw. │109 Ldw.

│ │110 Ldw. │ │110 Ldw.

│ │109 Landst. │ │109 Landst.

─────────────┼──────────────┴──────────────┼──────────────┴──────────────

Cavalry. │2 Ldw. Sqn. 14 C. Dist. │2 Ldw. Sqn. 14 C. Dist.

│ │ (dissolved late 1916).

│ │3 Landst. Sqn. 14 C. Dist.

─────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────

Artillery. │Landst. F. A. Abt. (14 C. │8 Ldw. F. A. Regt.

│ Dist.). │

│ │

Engineers and│4 Co. 14 Pions. │4 Co. 14 Pions.

Liaisons. │ │

│2 Res. Co. 14 Pions. │2 Res. Co. 14 Pions.

│ │308 T. M. Co.

│ │

Medical and │ │

Veterinary.│ │

│ │

Transports. │ │

Odd. │ │

Attached. │Fribourg Landst. Inf. Btn. │68 Labor Btn.

│ (14 C. Dist. Btn. No. 7). │

│2 Heidelberg Landst. Inf. │Pforzheim Landst. Inf. Btn.

│ Btn. (14 C. Dist. Btn. No. │ (14 C. Dist. Btn. No. 21).

│ 13). │

─────────────┴─────────────────────────────┴─────────────────────────────

│ 1917 │ 1918

│ Brigade. │ Regiment. │ Brigade. │ Regiment.

Infantry. │56 Ldw. │109 Ldw. │56 Ldw. │109 Ldw.

│ │110 Ldw. │ │110 Ldw.

│ │111 Ldw. │ │111 Ldw.

Cavalry. │1 Sqn. 5 Horse Jag. Rgt. │1 Sqn. 5 Horse Jag. Rgt.

│ │

│ (?) │

Artillery. │Art. Command: │8 Ldw. F. A. Rgt.

│ │

│ 8 Ldw. F. A. Rgt. │803 Light Am. Col.

│ │1416 Light Am. Col.

Engineers and│408 Pion. Btn.: │408 Pion. Btn.:

Liaisons. │ │

│ 1 Res. Co. 14 Pions. │ 1 Res. Co. 14 Pions.

│ 2 Res. Co. 14 Pions. │ 2 Res. Co. 14 Pions.

│ 308 T. M. Co. │ 308 T. M. Co.

│ 305 Searchlight Section. │ 216 Searchlight Section.

│ 508 Tel. Detch. │508 Signal Command:

│ │ 508 Tel. Detch.

│ │ 177 Wireless Detch.

Medical and │559 Ambulance Co. │559 Ambulance Co.

Veterinary.│ │

│321 (?) Field Hospital. │321 Field Hospital.

│Vet. Hospital. │7 Field Hospital.

│ │563 Vet. Hospital.

Transports. │777 M. T. Col. │777 M. T. Col.

Odd. │ │

Attached. │ │

│ │

HISTORY.

(Fourteenth District—Grand Duchy of Baden.)

1915.

The 8th Landwehr Division was formed February, 1915, from Baden troops,

which entered Alsace at the beginning of the campaign (the 110th

Landwehr detrained Aug. 11, 1914, at Neuenburg near Mullheim and the

109th Landwehr on the same date), and the 109th Landsturm organized at

the beginning of 1915 from five Baden Landsturm battalions.

ALSACE.

The division held the same sector between Altkirch and the Swiss

Frontier from its formation until January, 1917.

1916.

1. In February, 1916, the 109th Landwehr and the 110th Landwehr, which

had up to that time remained on the defensive, took part in the attacks

between Seppois and Largitzen and against the Scoonholz, northwest of

Altkirch. They executed many raids during 1916.

2. The 109th Landsturm, which was in line at one end of the front, was

broken up in May, 1916, and replaced in the division by the 111th

Landwehr, newly formed, consisting in reality of three Landsturm

battalions already stationed in Alsace, of which two were part of the

109th Landsturm (XIV 23 and XIV 25).

COTES DE MEUSE.

About January 23, 1917, the division was withdrawn from the Alsace front

and sent to the Cotes de Meuse, where it took over the sector west of

Fresnes en Woevre. April 15 the division moved toward the north and held

the lines to the Etain-Verdun road.

RECRUITING.

Entirely from Baden.

VALUE—1917 ESTIMATE.

The division was a defense division (May, 1918). Each company had one

shock-troop squad per platoon (prisoners’ statements Dec. 8, 1917).

Like the 2d and 7th Landwehr Divisions, but to a smaller degree, the 8th

Landwehr Division had some of its men transferred to active units; thus,

in November, 1917, it transferred some men to 121st Division, then near

it.

1918.

The division continued in the Woevre sector during 1918. Through failure

to identify it, it was considered as out of line September 21 and

September 25.

VALUE—1918 ESTIMATE.

It was rated as a fourth-class division. Its losses apart from the St.

Mihiel attack were negligible. In the attack it did fairly well, without

heavy loss. The morale was fair.

8th. Bavarian Reserve Division.

COMPOSITION.

│ 1915 │ 1916

│ Brigade. │ Regiment. │ Brigade. │ Regiment.

Infantry. │15 Bav. Res. │18 Bav. Res. │15 Bav. Res. │18 Bav. Res.

│ │19 Bav. Res. │ │19 Bav. Res.

│16 Bav. Res. │22 Bav. Res. │16 Bav. Res. │22 Bav. Res.

│ │23 Bav. Res. │ │23 Bav. Res.

│ │ │ Wurtt. Mountain Btn.

─────────────┼──────────────┴──────────────┼─────────────────────────────

Cavalry. │8 Bav. Res. Cav. Detch. │8 Bav. Res. Cav. Detch.

Artillery. │8 Bav. Res. F. A. Rgt. │8 Bav. Res. F. A. Rgt.

│9 Bav. Res. F. A. Rgt. │9 Bav. Res. F. A. Rgt.

│ │

Engineers and│9 Bav. Res. Pion. Co. │8 Bav. Res. Pion. Co.

Liaisons. │ │

│ │9 Bav. Res. Pion. Co.

│ │208 Bav. T. M. Co.

│ │8 Bav. Res. Pont. Engs.

│ │8 Bav. Res. Tel. Detch.

│ │

Medical and │ │

Veterinary.│ │

│ │

Transports. │ │

Attached. │ │8 Bav. Res. Cyclist Co.

│ │

│ │81 Anti-Aircraft Section.

│ │

│ │6 Bav. Labor Btn.

│ │64 Labor Btn.

│ │69 Labor Btn.

│ │

│ 1917 │ 1918

│ Brigade. │ Regiment. │ Brigade. │ Regiment.

Infantry. │15 Bav. Res. │18 Bav. Res. │15 Bav. Res. │19 Bav. Res.

│ │19 Bav. Res. │ │22 Bav. Res.

│16 Bav. Res. │22 Bav. Res. │ │23 Bav. Res.

│ │23 Bav. Res. │ │

│ │ │ │

Cavalry. │8 Bav. Res. Cav. Detch. │8 Bav. Res. Cav. Detch.

Artillery. │8 Bav. Art. Command: │8 Bav. Art. Command:

│ 8 Bav. Res. F. A. Rgt. │ 9 Bav. Res. F. A. Rgt.

│ 9 Bav. Res. F. A. Rgt. │ 19 Bav. Ft. A. Btn.

│ │ 105 Bav. Light Am. Col.

│ │ 171 Bav. Light Am. Col.

│ │ 172 Bav. Light Am. Col.

Engineers and│(20 Bav.) Pion. Btn.: │20 Bav. Pion. Btn.:

Liaisons. │ │

│ 5 Bav. Res. Pion. Co. │ 8 Bav. Res. Pion. Co.

│ 8 Bav. Res. Pion. Co. │ 9 Bav. Res. Pion. Co.

│ 9 Bav. Res. Pion. Co. │ 20 Bav. Searchlight Section.

│ 208 Bav. T. M. Co. │ 208 Bav. T. M. Col.

│ 3 Bav. Res. Searchlight │408 Bav. Signal Command:

│ Section. │

│ 803 Tel. Detch. │ 408 Bav. Tel. Detch.

│ │ 99 Wireless Detch.

Medical and │18 Bav. Ambulance Co. │18 Bav. Ambulance Co.

Veterinary.│ │

│30 Bav. Ambulance Co. │65 Bav. Field Hospital.

│55 Bav. Field Hospital. │57 Bav. Field Hospital.

│Vet. Hospital. │

Transports. │ │753 M. T. Col.

Attached. │8 Bav. Res. Cyclist Co. │1 Landst. Inf. Btn. 10 C.

│ │ Dist.

│ │1, 2, and 3 Abtls. 24 Res. F.

│ │ A. Rgt.

│ │69 Ldw. Ft. A. Btn.

│ │14, 33, and 34 Mortar Btries.

│ │52 Searchlight Section.

│ │94 Pion. Btn.

│ │66 Balloon Sqn.

│ │115 Observation Section.

│ │2 Sound Ranging Section.

│ │286 Reconnaisance Flight.

│ │ Elements attached in

│ │ October, 1918.

HISTORY.

(19th Bavarian Reserve: First Bavarian District. 22d Bavarian Reserve:

Second Bavarian District. 23d Bavarian Reserve: Third Bavarian

District.)

1915.

ALSACE.

1. The division was organized in January, 1915 (second series of new

reserve divisions) and was identified on the front for the first time at

the beginning of February, 1915, in the valley of the Lauch and at

Hartmannswillerkopf. It fought at the end of February in the region of

Munster-Metzeral-Sultzeren. On the 24th it took part in the attack of

Reichackerkopf and lost heavily.

2. Since that time and until May the division remained in the same

sector of Alsace.

GALICIA.

3. Relieved at the end of May and sent to Galicia, where it became part

of the 11th Army and cooperated in the capture of Przemsl June 3.

ALSACE.

4. Returned to the Western Front at the beginning of July and went to

rest in the region of Schelestadt (Alsace); then went into line again

about July 14 in the valley of the Fecht (Reichackerkopf-Metzeral). It

repulsed an attack of the French July 20 at Reichackerkopf.

1916.

ALSACE.

1. The division remained in Alsace, sector of Metzeral-Sondernach, for a

year from July, 1915, to July, 1916. During this period it did not take

part in any action.

SOMME.

2. About July 10, 1916, it entrained at Mulhouse, Colmar, and

Pfaffenheim, south of Colmar, and went to the Somme, south of Péronne,

and was in reserve until July 20. July 21 and 22 it was engaged between

Maurepas and Guillemont (the 23d Bavarian Reserve was detached and went

to the east of Estrees).

3. Relieved August 15 after suffering heavy losses during the attacks of

July 30 and August 12. Reorganized in the region of St. Quentin, then

went back into line for a short time west of Roye at the beginning of

September.

4. Withdrawn from the region of Roye in the middle of September and sent

to the Roumanian front October 13 to 23, via Mons-Maubeuge-Namur-

Liége—Aix-la-Chapelle-Cologne-Cassel-Halle-Leipzig-Prague-Brunn-

Budapest-Arad.

1917.

ROUMANIA.

5. Took part in the operations on the frontier of Transylvania in the

region of the Oltu in October to November and in the valley of the

Trotus in December.

GALICIA.

2. In July it left Roumania and went to Galicia. At the end of July it

was in the region of Nowitza. August 27 it fought at Bojan. In September

it was at Czernowitz and went to rest near Radautz in Bukowina beginning

September 6. After being reviewed by the Emperor September 27 it was

filled up again (men of the 1918 class with less than four months’

training were sent to the 22d Reserve Infantry) and sent to the Western

Front.

BELGIUM.

3. It entrained October 15 at Kolomea. Itinerary: Stanislau-Lemberg-

Cracow-Leipzig-Northeim-Paderborn-Aix la Chapelle-Liege-Louvain-Malines-

Brussels-Bruges, and detrained at Thourout October 23.

4. October 26 the division took over the Aschhoop sector near Dixmude.

RECRUITING.

It seems to come from all over Bavaria.

VALUE—1917 ESTIMATE.

The division had no serious fighting from August, 1916, on. Its losses

on the Eastern Front were few. It was trained especially for mountain

warfare, and they carried on this sort of warfare for a long time in

Alsace, Galicia, and Roumania.

1918.

1. On January 24 the division was relieved at Dixmude and sent to Ghent

for rest. From there it was transferred to Courtrai.

BELGIUM.

2. It relieved the 7th Division in the Becelaere sector on February 4, a

quiet part at that time, and remained until March 7, when it was in turn

relieved by the 7th Division.

BATTLE OF THE LYS.

3. It rested at Ostend until the Lys battle began, when it returned to

attack on April 9 in the Estaires sector, which was defended by

Portuguese. It advanced toward Calonne sur Lys, where it was withdrawn

about April 14. The losses were 50 per cent of the effectives in this

fighting.

WOEVRE.

4. Upon relief the division entrained on April 20 at Roubaix and moved

to Conflans. On May 11 it relieved the 78th Reserve Division north of

Seicheprey. It was in line in this sector until June 27. A draft of 300

men were received late in June.

CHAMPAGNE.

5. The division rested at Conflans until July 4. It was then moved to

Wassigny (north of Rethel) on the 5th. It marched toward the front by

Herpy and St. Remy July 8 to 14. It was in reserve on July 15 east of

Reims, in support of the 15th Bavarian Division. The division was not

actively engaged in this offensive.

6. Withdrawn from Champagne, the division marched toward the front south

of the Vesle by Warnerville, Soivre, and Jonchery, Vendeuil.

VESLE.

7. It was engaged west of Reims (St. Euphraise, Vrigny) between July 22

and August 8.

8. About August 22 the division arrived in the area northeast of Ath

from the Aisne front to refit and train.

ARDENNES.

9. It was engaged west of La Pompelle on September 20, retreating to the

Suippe, south of Bazancourt, about October 1, then toward Chateau

Porcien and Faizy. It was relieved about October 15.

10. It rested for 10 days at Son and St. Fergeux, receiving 150 to 200

men per regiment as drafts.

11. On the 25th the division returned to line in the Chateau Porcien

sector. It retired in November by Son, Chappes, Dommely, and La Romagn,

where it was last identified on November 7.

VALUE—1918 ESTIMATE.

The division was rated as a first-class division, though it was

considered as a shade under the class of the best divisions. It fought

hard on the Lys, losing but 1 prisoner. It was not used later as an

attack division. The morale was good.

8th. Cavalry Division.

COMPOSITION.[7]

───────────────────────┬───────────────────────────────────────────────

│ 1918

───────────────────────┼───────────────────────┬───────────────────────

│ Brigade. │ Regiment.

───────────────────────┼───────────────────────┼───────────────────────

Cavalry. │39 Cav. │Guard Reiter.

│ │17 Uhlan.

│40 Cav. │Karabinier.

│ │21 Uhlan.

│38 Cav. │2 Jager.

│ │6 Jag.

───────────────────────┼───────────────────────┴───────────────────────

Artillery. │12 Horse Art. Det.

───────────────────────┼───────────────────────────────────────────────

Engineers and Liaisons.│Pion. Detch.

│8 M. G. Btry.

│260 Searchlight Section.

Medical and Veterinary.│54 Field Hospital.

Attached. │44 Cav. Brig.:

│11 Horse Jag. Rgt.

│9 Res. Uhlan Schutzen Rgt.

│87 Cav. Schutzen Rgt.

│89 Cav. Schutzen Rgt.

│7 Landst. Inf. Rgt.

───────────────────────┴───────────────────────────────────────────────

Footnote 7:

At the time of its dissolution, April, 1918.

HISTORY.

1918.

The division continued on the Eastern Front, employed in small police

detachments, until about April 1, when it was dissolved.

VALUE—1918 ESTIMATE.

The division was rated as a fourth-class division.

9th Division.

COMPOSITION.

─────────────┬───────────────────┬───────────────────┬───────────────────

│ 1914 │ 1915 │ 1916

─────────────┼─────────┬─────────┼─────────┬─────────┼─────────┬─────────

│Brigade. │Regiment.│Brigade. │Regiment.│Brigade. │Regiment.

─────────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────

Infantry. │17. │19. │17. │19. │18. │7 Gren.

│ │58. │ │58. │ │19.

│18. │7 Gren. │18. │7 Gren. │ │154.

│ │154. │ │154. │ │

─────────────┼─────────┴─────────┼─────────┴─────────┼─────────┴─────────

Cavalry. │1 Uhlan Regt. │ │1 and 2 Sqns., 1

│ │ │ Uhlan Regt.

─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────

Artillery. │9 Brig.: │9 Brig.: │9 Brig.:

│ 5 F. A. Rgt. │ 5 F. A. Rgt. │ 5 F. A. Rgt.

│ │ │

│ 41 F. A. Rgt. │ 41 F. A. Rgt. │ 41 F. A. Rgt.

│ │ │

Engineers and│ │1 Pion. Btn. No. │1 Pion. Btn. No. 5:

Liaisons. │ │ 55: │

│ │ Field Co. 5 Pions.│ 1 Co. 5 Pions.

│ │ 9 Pont. Engs. │ 9 Pont. Engs.

│ │ 9 Tel. Detch. │ 9 Tel. Detch.

│ │ │ 9 T. M. Co.

│ │ │

Medical and │ │ │

Veterinary.│ │ │

│ │ │

Transports. │ │ │

Attached. │ │ │37 Searchlight

│ │ │ Section.

─────────────┴───────────────────┴───────────────────┴───────────────────

─────────────┬───────────────────┬───────────────────

│ 1917 │ 1918

─────────────┼─────────┬─────────┼─────────┬─────────

│Brigade. │Regiment.│Brigade. │Regiment.

─────────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────

Infantry. │18. │7 Gren. │18. │7.

│ │19. │ │19.

│ │154. │ │154.

│ │ │ │

─────────────┼─────────┴─────────┼─────────┴─────────

Cavalry. │2 Sqn. 1 Horse Jag.│2 Sqn. 1 Horse Jag.

│ Rgt. │ Rgt.

─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────

Artillery. │9 Art. Command: │9 Art. Command:

│ 5 F. A. Rgt. │ 5 F. A. Rgt.

│ │ (except 4 Abt.)

│ │ 2 Abt. 6 Res. Ft.

│ │ A. Rgt. (5, 6,

│ │ and 12 Btries.).

│ │ 907 Light Am. Col.

│ │ 1175 Light Am.

│ │ Col.

│ │ 1201 Light Am.

│ │ Col.

─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────

Engineers and│120 Pion. Btn.: │120 Pion. Btn.:

Liaisons. │ │

│ 1 Co. 5 Pions. │ 5 Co. 5 Pions.

│ 5 Co. 5 Pions. │ 1 Co. 5 Pions.

│ 9 T. M. Co. │ 9 T. M. Co.

│ 304 Searchlight │ 194 Searchlight

│ Section. │ Section.

│ 9 Tel. Detch. │9 Signal Command:

│ │ 9 Tel. Detch.

│ │ 53 Wireless Detch.

─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────

Medical and │14 Ambulance Co. │14 Ambulance Co.

Veterinary.│ │

│45 Field Hospital. │48 Field Hospital.

│48 Field Hospital. │52 Field Hospital.

│52 Field Hospital. │9 Vet. Hospital.

│9 Vet. Hospital. │

─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────

Transports. │M. T. Col. │542 M. T. Col.

─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────

Attached. │37 Searchlight │

│ Section. │

─────────────┴───────────────────┴───────────────────

HISTORY.

(Fifth District—Lower Silesia.)

1914.

COTES DE MEUSE.

1. The 9th Division with the 10th Division, formed the 5th Army Corps

(Posen), and at the beginning of the war was part of the 5th Army

(German Crown Prince). Detrained August 9 to 10 in annexed Lorraine,

near Bouzonville, and fought August 22 at Virton. After a number of

marches and countermarches in Woevre, it established itself during the

first days of September with the 10th Division in a sector of Cotes de

Meuse (Calonne trench). It remained there about two years from

September, 1914, to September, 1916, with rest billets in the villages

of the Woevre at the foot of the hills (Thillot, Woël, Hannonville,

etc.).

1915.

LES EPARGES.

1. In the spring of 1915 it took part in the battles of Les Eparges

where it suffered heavily. In March it transferred its 58th Infantry to

the 119th Division, newly formed, which was operating in Galicia

beginning with April.

1916.

VERDUN.

1. At the beginning of September, 1916, the division was withdrawn from

the sector of Calonne trench and relieved the 14th Bavarian Division in

the woods of Vaux Chapitre (Verdun). In this last sector it suffered

huge losses. October 24, 1916, it lost 700 men captured.

2. Relieved at the beginning of November and reorganized with men of all

ages from depots of the Fifth District.

3. November 4 it entrained behind Douaumont; was sent to the Aisne and

put in the line November 8 in the sector of Nouvron, where it remained

until the middle of February, 1917.

1917.

COTES DE MEUSE.

1. Entrained at Laon during the last two weeks of February, 1917, and

sent to Vigneulles, via Charleville-Conflans-Chambley; and again went

into the sector of Calonne trench between February 18 and the end of

April.

CALIFORNIE PLATEAU.

2. Relieved at the end of April and sent from Mars la Tour-Vigneulles

(via Conflans-Sedan-Liart) to the region of Rozoy sur Serre. After a few

days’ rest in the vicinity of Sissonne it was engaged beginning May 6 in

the attacks on the plateaus of Vauclerc and Californie, where some of

its regiments suffered heavy losses, especially on the Winterberg.

3. Beginning May 18 the division did not attack any more but merely held

the sector (Californie-Chevreux les Courtines). However, our attack of

May 22 to 24 caused it heavy losses.

4. At the end of May the 9th Division was replaced by the 41st Division.

It received reinforcements. (The 19th Infantry received 200 men June 14.

About May 25, 60 men of the 1918 class were sent to the 6th Company of

this regiment.) From May 13 to June 13 the 10th Company of the 154th

Infantry received 68 men at least, most of them of the 1918 class.

5. About June 17–18 the division appeared in the sector of Juvincourt,

where it attacked on the night of August 4–5 without success. Relieved

about September 8 without having losses in this last sector.

CHEMIN DES DAMES.

Histories of two hundred and fifty-one divisions of the German army which participated in the war (1914-1918) · 第 17 / 78 段

2. On March 7 it was engaged west of Zandvoorde, where it was in line