PALOQUE, a judge. He and his wife were said to be the ugliest couple in

Plassans, and in addition were far from popular. Madame Mouret having

asked the assistance of Madame Paloque in connection with the Home for

Girls proposed by Abbe Faujas, she agreed to act on the Committee, and

became Treasurer. At the opening ceremony, however, the Bishop omitted

to make reference to her services, and she took great offence, becoming

afterwards very irregular in her work, and declining to perform any

duties that she did not fancy. This ultimately led to the appointment of

a paid Secretary for the institution, Honore Trouche, the brother-in-law

of Abbe Faujas being selected. The Paloques were antagonistic to Faujas,

but on getting a hint from Madame de Condamin that he had the backing of

the Government and would see that they were rewarded, they came over

to his side, and assisted him in “the conquest of Plassans” by the

Bonapartist candidate. La Conquete de Plassans.

PARABOULOMENOS, a name given by the pupils of the college of Plassans to

the youth who served in the kitchen. L’Oeuvre.

PARALLELUCA, the sobriquet given by the pupils of the College of

Plassans to a scullery-maid employed there. It was alleged that there

was a love-idyll between her and Paraboulomenos, both of whom were

extremely ugly. L’Oeuvre.

PASCAL (LE DOCTEUR). See Pascal Rougon.

PATOIR, a veterinary surgeon at Cloyes. La Terre.

PAUVRE ENFANT, a young trooper of the 5th regiment of the line, who was

fatally wounded at the battle of Sedan, and died in the ambulance at

Remilly. He received the name because he continually repeated the words

regarding himself, saying that his mother had always called him so.

He died in the arms of Henriette Weiss, whom in his delirium he named

“Mother.” La Debacle.

PAYAN, a stone-cutter from the South, whose friends had views of making

him an artist. He was a lover of Clarisse Bocquet, and pilfered from her

a large quantity of furniture given her by Duveyrier. Pot-Bouille.

PECHARD (ANTOINE), a neighbour of the Fouans. He owned eighteen acres

of land when he married La Grande, who brought him seven acres more. He

died young, leaving one daughter. La Terre.

PECHARD (MADAME), wife of the preceding. See La Grand. La Terre.

PECHARD (MADEMOISELLE), daughter of Antoine Pechard and Marianne

Fouan, his wife. As she insisted on marrying a poor youth named Vincent

Bouteroue, her mother cast her out. Misfortunes pursued the young

couple, both of whom died within a few years, leaving two children in

profound misery. La Terre.

PECQUEUX, a stoker in the employment of the Western Railway Company.

He was married to Mere Victoire, the old nurse of Severine Aubry. His

original intention was to qualify as an engine-driver, but time passed

without advancement, and later there was an insuperable barrier in his

own conduct, for he was given to drinking bouts which converted him for

the time into a savage animal, capable of any violence. His wife lived

at Paris, while Philomene Sauvagnat helped him to pass the hours he was

compelled to spend at Havre, an arrangement which had the concurrence

of Victoire. Pecqueux had the devotion of a dog for his comrade Jacques

Lantier, who concealed his vices and shared with him a love for their

engine, “La Lison.” Philomene, however, excited his jealousy by her

attentions to Lantier, and the former friendship of the two comrades

became changed to fierce enmity. At length it happened that one night,

as their engine was drawing eighteen trucks of soldiers towards the

seat of war in Prussia, Pecqueux in a sudden access of madness attacked

Lantier, and, after a fierce struggle on the narrow foot-plate, the two

fell off, and were cut in pieces beneath the wheels. La Bete Humaine.

PEIROTTE, receiver of taxes at Plassans. He was taken as a hostage by

the Republican insurgents and was inadvertently shot by the troops which

crushed the rising. La Fortune des Rougon.

PEQUEUR DES SAULAIES (M.), sub-prefect of Plassans. He fell into

disfavour with the Government on account of the election of a Legitimist

Deputy. For some time he was afraid to compromise himself with Abbe

Faujas, but having received a hint from Madame de Condamin, who had

influential friends in Paris, he allied himself with the Abbe. The

result was the election of Delangre, who though nominally independent,

was actually the Government candidate. La Conquete de Plassans.

PEQUIGNOT, a friend of the Lorilleux. He was a furniture dealer.

L’Assommoir.

PERDIGUET, a singer known to Malignon, who promised to take him to the

children’s party at Deberle’s house. Une Page d’Amour.

PERE COLOMBE, owner of the _Assommoir_, a public-house which was largely

the scene of the downfall of Coupeau and Gervaise Macquart, his wife.

L’Assommoir.

PEROU (LA MERE), an old woman employed by Gourd, the concierge, to do

cleaning work. Terrorized by his brutality she agreed to accept less

wages. Pot-Bouille.

PHASIE (AUNT), was the wife of Misard, and the mother of Flore and

Louisette. She was a cousin of the Lantiers and was godmother to

Jacques, who was left in her charge when his parents went to Paris. Her

first husband died, leaving her with two daughters, and she married for

a second time Misard, a little man, cunning and avaricious, who was

five years her senior. Jacques found them later, living in Normandy at

Croix-de-Maufras on the line to Havre, where Misard was signalman, and

his wife had charge of the level crossing. It was a miserable existence,

without neighbours or any one to speak to, without even anything to look

at, except the trains constantly rushing past. Aunt Phasie, as she had

always been called by Jacques Lantier, was a tall, handsome woman, but

since her second marriage she had aged so rapidly that at forty-five she

looked over sixty. The truth was that between her and Misard there was

going on a duel to the death; Aunt Phasie had received a legacy of a

thousand francs from her father, and this she obstinately refused to

allow her husband to share, having indeed hidden the money to prevent

him from taking it. Misard, overcome by avarice, slowly killed his

wife with poison placed in the salt, but, though she had the strongest

suspicions, she would nether take action against him nor tell him the

hiding-place of her little hoard. And so she died, carrying the secret

with her; but in the end she triumphed, for search as he might, Misard

never discovered the hidden treasure. La Bete Humaine.

PICHINETTE, a horse entered for the Grand Prix de Paris. It was

withdrawn before the race. Nana.

PICHON (JULES), a clerk who lived in the house in Rue de Choiseul

occupied also by Octave Mouret. His means were small, and he was obliged

to work hard, frequently till late at night, his wife being necessarily

left much alone. Pot-Bouille.

PICHON (MARIE), wife of the preceding. She was a daughter of M.

and Madame Vuillaume, by whom she was strictly brought up. A dreamy

unpractical woman, she fell under the influence of Octave Mouret,

her next-door neighbour, and a liaison existed between them for a

considerable time, with results which caused much annoyance to her

parents. Pot-Bouille.

PICHON (LILITTE), infant daughter of the preceding. Pot-Bouille.

PICHON (ROSALIE), Madame Helene Grandjean’s maid-servant. She was an

honest country girl who had been brought to Paris by Abbe Jouve on the

recommendation of a village priest, in whose house she had been brought

up. She served her mistress faithfully, and ruled Zephyrin Lacour, her

sweetheart, with a hand of iron. Une Page d’Amour.

PICOT, a soldier of infantry who belonged to the first division of the

seventh Army Corps. After the defeats of Wissenbourg and Froeschwiller,

Picot, half dead with fatigue and slightly wounded, was left behind in

a ditch with his comrade Coutard of the first corps. They were only able

to rejoin the army at Rheims on 22nd August, 1870, arriving with their

clothes worn out and covered with mud, and having more the appearance of

bandits than of soldiers. La Debacle.

PICOU (M.), a townsman of Plassans who expressed disbelief in the

success of the _Coup d’Etat_. La Fortune des Rougon.

PIED-DE-CELERI, a friend of Coupeau. He had a wooden leg, from which he

received his nickname. L’Assommoir.

PIEDEFER (LAURE), kept a cheap restaurant in Rue des Martyrs, which was

much frequented by a certain class of demi-mondaines. Laure appeared to

be on intimate terms with her customers, as they usually kissed her when

they entered. Nana.

PIEDEFER (ZOE), an artist’s model who lived in Rue Campagne-Premiere.

She was a tall brunette. L’Oeuvre.

PIERRE, Dr. Deberle’s butler. Une Page d’Amour.

PIERRE, an employee at _Au Bonheur des Dames_. He was waiter in the

dining-room of the shop assistants. Au Bonheur des Dames.

PIERRON, a miner employed at the Voreux pit. He was a widower with a

little girl aged eight, Lydie, when he married for the second time, the

daughter of La Brule. Though he took part in the strike he betrayed

his companions, giving information to the company through Dansaert,

his wife’s lover. After the attack on the pit Pierron was arrested

by mistake, and was taken off with handcuffs at his wrists as far as

Marchiennes, to the great amusement of his mates. He was subsequently

promoted to be captain of a gang, but his excessive zeal made him

disliked by his men. Germinal.

PIERRON (LYDIE), daughter of the preceding, was a fragile child,

who when ten years old was already working in the pit. Her constant

companions were Jeanlin Maheu and Bebert Levaque, with whom she made

many raids in search of food during the strike. She was killed by the

volley fired by the troops at the strikers attacking the Voreux pit.

Germinal.

PIERRONNE (LA), the second wife of Pierron, was a daughter of La Brule.

She was allowed by the Company to sell sweetmeats and biscuits, which

were a considerable source of revenue. Dansaert, the head captain of the

Voreux pit, was her lover, and through him she obtained various favours,

giving him in exchange information as to the intentions of the strikers.

After the strike she was enabled to acquire the little _Estaminet du

Progres_. Germinal.

PIFARD, an usher at the college of Plassans, whose wonderful nose kept

betraying his presence behind doors when its owner went eavesdropping.

L’Oeuvre.

PILLERAULT, a speculator on the Bourse, whose guiding principle was

recklessness; he declared that he plunged into catastrophes whenever he

paused to reflect. He was ruined by the failure of the Universal Bank.

L’Argent.

PIOT AND RIVOIRE, a firm of furniture-dealers, whose business was

seriously affected when Octave Mouret added a furniture department to

“The Ladies’ Paradise.” Au Bonheur des Dames.

PIQUETTE kept an _estaminet_ at Montsou, where Chaval lodged. Germinal.

PLOUGUERN (M. DE) was a member of the Chamber of Deputies during the

reign of Louis Philippe. After the Revolution of February, 1848, he

manifested a sudden affection for the Republic, and later, when the

Emperor granted him the refuge of the Senate, he was a Bonapartist. He

was a man of high birth and breeding, and though a sceptic, defended

religion and family life. During a journey in Italy he met Comtesse

Balbi, whose lover he remained for thirty years. According to some,

Clorinde Balbi was his daughter. Son Excellence Eugene Rougon.

PLUCHART, a former workman who was now secretary of a branch of the

International Association of workers. He had been Etienne Lantier’s

foreman at Lille, and at his request came to Montsou to address the

miners there. As a result of his visit ten thousand miners joined the

International Association. Germinal.

POIRETTE (LE PERE), a countryman of Bennecourt, with small eyes and the

face of a wolf. He was the owner of an old cottage, which Claude Lantier

and Christine rented from him for two hundred and fifty francs a year.

L’Oeuvre.

POISSON (M.), who was originally a cabinet-maker, served his time as a

soldier, and ultimately got a place as a policeman, which he considered

more certain and respectable. He married Virginie, who afterwards

went into business as a dealer in groceries and sweetmeats in the shop

previously occupied by Gervaise Coupeau. Auguste Lantier, who had for

some time lodged with the Coupeaus, remained with the Poissons, and

lived at their expense. M. Poisson affected not to observe the resulting

liaison between his wife and Lantier. L’Assommoir.

POISSON (MADAME), wife of the preceding. See Virginie. L’Assommoir.

POLAND, a pet rabbit which belonged to Rasseneur, and was a favourite of

Souvarine. Germinal.

POMARE (LA REINE), a rag-picker, who had formerly been one of the

handsomest women in Paris. Now, for the sake of a laugh, the women of

the district made her drink absinthe, after which the street boys would

chase her and throw stones. Nana.

PORQUIER (DR.) the fashionable medical man of Plassans. He had

considerable influence, and this was secured by Abbe Faujas on behalf

of the Government’s candidate for the representation of Plassans by the

promise of an appointment for his son, Guillaume, a young man who had

hitherto given him much trouble. La Conquete de Plassans.

PORQUIER (GUILLAUME), son of Dr. Porquier, had been sent to Paris to

study, but did nothing there but get into debt. He caused his father

much distress, and was supposed to afford the worst possible example to

the youth of Plassans, whom he was believed to lead into all kinds

of mischief. Ultimately, as a reward to his father, who had supported

Delangre as representative of Plassans, Porquier was appointed chief

clerk at the post office. La Conquete de Plassans.

POUILLAUD, a fellow-pupil of Claude Lantier and Pierre Sandoz at the

college of Plassans. While there he was an inveterate practical joker,

one of his escapades being the transformation of Professor Lalubie’s

room into a _chapelle ardente_. L’Oeuvre.

POWELL (MISS), second assistant in the corset department at _Au Bonheur

des Dames_. She was able to play the piano, a talent of which the other

assistants were jealous. Au Bonheur des Dames.

POZZO (LUIGI), Secretary to the Sardinian Minister at Paris.

“Diplomatist, painter, musician, and lover.” A friend of Clorinde Balbi.

Son Excellence Eugene Rougon.

PRICE, an English jockey who mounted the filly Nana in the Grand Prix de

Paris. Nana.

PRINCE IMPERIAL. Referred to in _Son Excellence Eugene Rougon_.

PROUANE, a retired non-commissioned officer in the navy, who acted as

beadle to Abbe Harteur, as well as fulfilling the duties of Mayor’s

clerk. He eked out a livelihood by gathering shell-fish, but when he had

any money he was usually in a state of intoxication. La Joie de Vivre.

PRULLIERE, an actor at the Theatre des Varietes, where he played in _La

Blonde Venus_ and _La Petite Duchesse_. Nana.

PRUNAIRE (LE PERE), a maker of sabots, who lived at Vivet. Furious at

the conduct of his daughter Clara, he threatened to go to Paris and

break her bones with kicks of his sabots. Au Bonheur des Dames.

PRUNAIRE (CLARA), daughter of a clog-maker in the forest of Vilet, came

to Paris and got a situation in “The Ladies’ Paradise.” She lived a

fast life, and, after alluring Colomban away from Genevieve Baudu, his

intended wife, she ultimately disappeared. Au Bonheur des Dames.

PUECH, senior partner of the firm of Puech and Lacamp, oil-dealers in

Plassans; was father of Felicite Puech. La Fortune des Rougon.

PUECH AND LACAMP, a firm of oil-dealers in Plassans, who were in

financial difficulties when Pierre Rougon married Felicite, the daughter

of the senior partner. The money put into the business by Rougon

retrieved the position of the firm, and, the two partners having retired

soon afterwards, he acquired the sole interest in it. La Fortune des

Rougon.

PUECH (FELICITE). See Madame Felicite Rougon.

PUTOIS (MADAME), one of the workwomen employed by Gervaise Coupeau in

her laundry. She was a little, lean woman of forty-five, “who worked

at her ironing table without even taking off her bonnet, a black

bonnet trimmed with green ribbons turning yellow.” In character she was

severely respectable. L’Assommoir.

Q

QUANDIEU, the oldest captain of the Montsou mines. During the strike,

the energetic position taken up by him saved the Mirou pit from

destruction by the infuriated strikers. Germinal.

QUENU (MADAME) was a widow with one son when she married her second

husband, M. Quenu, a clerk in the sub-prefecture at Le Vigan. Three

years after, M. Quenu died, leaving a son. Madame Quenu lavished all her

affection on Florent, her elder son, and stinted herself to the verge

of starvation in order that he might continue his legal studies. Before

these were completed she succumbed to the hardship of her life. Le

Ventre de Paris.

QUENU, the half-brother of Florent. After the death of his mother, he

was taken to Paris by Florent, who supported him by teaching. He was at

first idle and unsettled, but after Florent’s arrest he was taken in by

his uncle Gradelle, to whose business of pork-butcher, as well as to a

considerable sum of money, he ultimately succeeded. After his uncle’s

death he married Lisa Macquart, who had previously assisted in the shop,

and they had a daughter, Pauline. Business prospered, and the Quenus

were soon in a position to remove to larger premises. Florent on his

return from exile was kindly received by Quenu, who later on took no

part in the efforts made by his wife to induce his brother to leave

voluntarily. He was ignorant of his wife’s action with reference to the

subsequent arrest of Florent. Le Ventre de Paris.

He died of apoplexy in 1863, six months after the death of his wife,

leaving a will under which M. Chanteau, his cousin became the guardian

of his daughter Pauline. La Joie de Vivre.

QUENU (MADAME LISA), wife of the preceding. See Lisa Macquart.

QUENU (PAULINE), born 1852, daughter of Quenu, the pork-butcher, and

Lisa Macquart, his wife. A quiet, amiable child, she unwittingly gave

Mlle. Saget, who bullied her, information regarding her uncle Florent’s

history, which led to the clamour against him in the Market, and

ultimately to his arrest. Le Ventre de Paris.

After the death of her father, who left her a fortune of a hundred and

fifty thousand francs, Pauline went in 1863 to live at Bonneville with

M. Chanteau, her guardian. She soon endeared herself to her relatives,

and became much attached to her cousin Lazare. As she grew up and her

nature developed, it became more and more her pleasure to sacrifice

herself to her friends. She allowed her fortune to be squandered by the

Chanteaus, and though engaged to be married to Lazare, she released

him in order that he might marry another girl with whom he had become

infatuated. After his mania became acute, it was she who endeavoured

to comfort him, and to dispel his unreasoning fear of death. She never

married. La Joie de Vivre.

After the death of Chanteau, she remained at Bonneville, resolved never

to marry, in order that she might devote herself entirely to Lazare’s

little son, Paul. Le Docteur Pascal.

QUINETTE, a glover in Rue Neuve Saint-Augustine, whose business was

seriously affected by the competition of “The Ladies’ Paradise.” Au

Bonheur des Dames.

QUITTARD (AUGUSTE), son of Francoise Quittard. He was a child of six

years of age, who was so ill of typhoid fever that he could not be

removed from Bazeilles when the place was attacked by the Prussians.

Early in the day, his mother was killed by a cannon ball, and the poor

child lay for hours tossing with fever and calling for her. He was

burned to death in his bed, as the Prussians, infuriated by the length

of the struggle, wantonly set fire to the village. La debacle.

QUITTARD (FRANCOISE), widow of a mason, and now caretaker of the

dye-works at Bazeilles, which belonged to Delaherche. Before the battle

all the workers made their escape into Belgium, but Francoise was unable

to leave on account of the illness of her little son. Early in the

attack by the Prussians, the unfortunate woman was killed by a cannon

ball. La Debacle.

R

RABIER, a tanner of Beaumont. He was a brother of Madame Franchomme, and

after her death she left the child Angelique in the care of him and his

wife. They treated the girl with such cruelty that she ultimately ran

away, finding shelter with the Huberts. Le Reve.

RACHAEL, the maid-servant in Auguste Vabre’s household. As Octave Mouret

and Madame Vabre did not bribe her sufficiently, she revealed their

intrigue to Vabre. She acted as his housekeeper for some time, but had

to leave after the reconciliation between him and his wife. Pot-Bouille.

RAMBAUD (M.), half-brother of Abbe Jouve, had a large business in the

Rue de Rambuteau, where he sold oil and other southern produce. Along

with Abbe Jouve he showed much kindness to Helene Grandjean after the

death of her husband, and was a constant visitor at her house. Later on,

the Abbe tried to arrange a marriage between Rambaud and Helene, but

at her request the decision was delayed. Meantime the love episode with

Doctor Deberle intervened, followed by the death of Jeanne. Two years

afterwards the marriage took place, Rambaud having previously sold his

Paris business and removed to Marseilles. Une Page d’Amour.

He retired from business and went to live at Marseilles. Having by his

marriage become a cousin of Madame Lisa Quenu, he was appointed a member

of the family council which nominally had charge of her daughter’s

fortune. La Joie de Vivre.

Rambaud led a happy life with his wife, whom he adored. Le Docteur

Pascal.

RAMBAUD (MADAME), wife of the preceding. See Helene Mouret.

RAMOND (DR.), a pupil and fellow-practitioner of Dr. Pascal. He wished

to marry Clotilde Rougon, but she refused him, and he subsequently

married Mademoiselle Leveque. When Doctor Pascal was seized with an

affection of the heart, Ramond diagnosed the nature of the illness,

and subsequently attended him with unremitting care until his death. Le

Docteur Pascal.

RAMOND (MADAME), wife of the preceding. See Mademoiselle Leveque. Le

Docteur Pascal.

RANVIER (ABBE), succeeded Abbe Jouve as cure at Montsou. He was of

socialistic tendencies, and blamed the middle classes, who he said

robbed the Church, for all the horrors produced by the strike at

Montsou. Upon the troops who had been called on to fire upon the

strikers, he called down the anger of God, predicting an hour of justice

in which fire would descend from heaven to exterminate the bourgeoisie.

He was finally removed by the Bishop as too compromising. Germinal.

RASSENEUR kept a tavern with the sign _A l’Avantage_ between the

settlement of the Deux-Cent-Quarante and the Voreux pit. He was formerly

a good workman, but as he was an excellent speaker, and placed himself

at the head of every strike, he was dismissed by the Mining Company.

His wife already held a licence, and when he was thrown out of work he

became an innkeeper himself. It was in his house that Etienne Lantier

found lodgings when he first came to Montsou, and Souvarine also lodged

there. Rasseneur’s readiness of speech gave him great influence with the

miners, but a rivalry arose between him and Lantier, whose new theories

caught the popular ear. This jealousy caused him to take a side against

the strike, solely because it had been proposed by Lantier, and this

attitude made him very unpopular. But after the failure of the strike,

which he had all along predicted, the inconstancy of the crowd turned in

his favour and he soon regained his old popularity. Germinal.

RASSENEUR (MADAME), wife of the preceding. At the time her husband

was dismissed from the pit, she already held a licence, and they

subsequently worked together to extend the business, in which they had

considerable success. She was much more radical in politics than her

husband, but during the strike trouble was careful to show extreme

politeness to everyone. Germinal.

RASTOIL, a neighbour of Francois Mouret. He was a rich man about sixty

years of age, who had been president of the civil tribunal of Plassans

for over twenty years. He was a Legitimist, and his house was used as

a convenient meeting-place for the party. For some time he refused to

compromise his political position with Abbe Faujas, who had all along

concealed his opinions. Ultimately, however, he supported the candidate

for the representation of Plassans proposed by Faujas, for which he was

rewarded by an appointment for his son. La Conquete de Plassans.

RASTOIL (MADAME), wife of the preceding, was a listless and somewhat

prudish woman whose old entanglement with M. Delangre was still

remembered with amusement in the cafes. She was consulted by Madame

Mouret regarding the Home for Girls proposed by Abbe Faujas, and

ultimately agreed to act on the committee. La Conquete de Plassans.

RASTOIL (ANGELINE), elder daughter of M. Rastoil, the president of the

civil tribunal of Plassans. Though twenty-six years old, and now very

yellow and shrewish-looking, she still adopted the role of a young girl,

and had hopes of securing a husband. La Conquete de Plassans.

RASTOIL (AURELIE), second daughter of M. Rastoil. Like her sister

Angeline, she was plain-looking, and posed as a girl fresh from school,

in the uncertain hope of gaining a husband. La Conquete de Plassans.

RASTOIL (SEVERIN), son of M. Rastoil, the president of the civil

tribunal of Plassans. “He was a tall young man of five and twenty, with

a badly shaped skull and a dull brain, who had been just called to

the Bar, thanks to the position which his father held. The latter was

anxiously dreaming of making him a substitute, despairing of his ever

succeeding in winning any practice for himself.” On the suggestion

of Abbe Faujas he took a share in starting the Club for Young Men

at Plassans. After the election of M. Delangre as representative

of Plassans, Rastoil received the appointment of assistant public

procurator at Faverolles. La Conquete de Plassans.

RAVAUD, a captain of the 106th Regiment of the line, commanded by

Colonel de Vineuil. A young soldier in his company was the first of

the wounded to be taken to the ambulance in Delaherche’s house on 1st

September, 1870. In March, 1871, captain Ravaud was at Paris, in a

regiment of recent formation, the 124th of the line. Jean Macquart was

corporal in his company in this regiment. La Debacle.

READING (LORD), proprietor of a racing stable. Bramah, one of his

horses, once gained the Grand Prix de Paris. Nana.

REBUFAT, a farmer whose land adjoined that inherited by Adelaide Fouque.

He purchased the Fouque property when it was sold by Pierre Rougon.

After the death of his wife Rebufat and his son Justin treated her niece

Miette Chantegreil very harshly. La Fortune des Rougon.

REBUFAT (MADAME EULALIE), wife of the preceding; “a big, dark, stubborn

shrew.” She was a sister of Chantegreil, and was therefore the aunt of

Miette, who lived with her after her father’s conviction. La Fortune des

Rougon.

REBUFAT (JUSTIN), son of Rebufat. “A youth about twenty years old, a

sickly, squint-eyed creature, who cherished an implacable hatred against

his cousin Miette.” La Fortune des Rougon.

REMANJOU (MADEMOISELLE), an old lady who lived in the same tenement

house in Rue de la Goutte d’Or as the Coupeaus and the Lorilleux, where

she made a scanty livelihood by dressing dolls. She was one of the

guests at the Coupeaus’ wedding party. L’Assommoir.

RENAUDIN, a notary at Paris, who adjusted the Contract of Marriage

between Auguste Vabre and Berthe Josserand. He acted in concert with

Duveyrier in selling some heritable property to the loss of other

members of the family. Pot-Bouille.

RENAUDIN, a medical man at Grenelle. Josephine Dejoie was at one time

cook in his house. L’Argent.

RENGADE, a gendarme whose eye was accidentally destroyed by Silvere

Mouret during a struggle for possession of a carbine after the entry of

the insurgents into Plassans. La Fortune des Rougon.

REUTHLINGUER (BARON DE), a banker, and possessor of one of the largest

fortunes in Europe. He was a friend of Clorinde Balbi, and from her

received valuable information on political subjects. Son Excellence

Eugene Rougon.

RHADAMANTE, the sobriquet of a professor at the college of Plassans. He

was supposed never to have laughed. L’Oeuvre.

RICHOMME, one of the captains of the Voreux pit. He tried in vain to

prevent a collision between the strikers and the troops, and even when

bricks were being thrown he went between two parties, imploring one and

advising the other, careless of danger. He was one of the first to fall

when the troops ultimately fired. Germinal.

RIVOIRE, a member of the firm of Piot and Rivoire. Au Bonheur des Dames.

ROBERT (MADAME), a regular customer at the restaurant Laure Piedefer.

She was jealous of Nana’s relations with Satin, and revenged herself by

writing anonymous letters to Muffat and to other lovers of her enemy.

Nana.

ROBIN-CHAGOT (VISCOUNT DE), vice-chairman of the board of directors of

the Universal Bank. He was selected for the position in the belief that

he would sign anything put before him without making too many inquiries.

L’Argent.

ROBINEAU, “second hand” in the silk department at “The Ladies’

Paradise.” As the result of a conspiracy among his subordinates, he was

dismissed, and soon afterwards bought the business of M. Vincard, a silk

merchant, with money belonging to his wife. His capital was inadequate,

but M. Gaujean, a silk manufacturer who had quarrelled with Octave

Mouret, promised to give him unlimited credit. Robineau’s intention was

to break up the monopoly of the cheaper class of silks which Mouret had

secured, but he soon found that each reduction in price which he made

was met by a still larger one. As he had no other departments out of

which to average his profits, ruin inevitably followed, and he attempted

to commit suicide by throwing himself under an omnibus; his injuries

were not serious, however, and he ultimately recovered. Au Bonheur des

Dames.

ROBINEAU (MADAME), wife of the preceding. “Daughter of an overseer in

the Department of Highways, entirely ignorant of business matters, she

still retained the charming awkwardness of a girl educated in a Blois

convent.” Her small fortune enabled her husband to buy the silk business

of M. Vincard, and she assisted him in carrying it on. Their subsequent

ruin affected her less than the attempted suicide of her husband, to

whom she was devoted. Au Bonheur des Dames.

ROBINE, a regular attender at the revolutionary meetings in Lebigre’s

wine-shop. He sat for hours listening to arguments but never made any

remarks. He escaped arrest. Le Ventre de Paris.

ROBINE (MADAME), wife of the preceding, lived with her husband in Rue

Saint-Denis. No one ever entered their house, and even her personal

appearance was unknown to her husband’s friends. Le Ventre de Paris.

ROBINOT (MADAME), an acquaintance of the Deberles. Une Page d’Amour.

ROBIQUET, farmer of La Chamade. Being near the end of his lease, he

ceased to manure the land, allowing it to go to ruin. He was eventually

turned out as he did not pay his rent. La Terre.

ROCHART (MONSEIGNEUR), Bishop of Faverolles. He upheld the Sisters of

the Holy Family in the matter of the succession to Chevassu’s estate,

but was beaten by Eugene Rougon, the Minister of State, who supported

the claim of the Charbonnels. Son Excellence Eugene Rougon.

ROCHAS, lieutenant in the 106th Regiment of the line, commanded by

Colonel de Vineuil. The son of a journeyman mason from Limousin, he was

born in Paris, and not caring for his father’s calling, enlisted when

he was only eighteen. He gained a corporal’s stripes in Algeria, rose

to the rank of sergeant at Sebastopol, and was promoted to a lieutenancy

after Solferino. Fifteen years of hardship and heroic bravery was the

price he had paid to be an officer, but his education was so defective

that he could never be made a captain. He held the old traditions that

a defeat of the French army was impossible, and all through the

campaign against Germany in 1870 he refused to believe in the repeated

catastrophes. In the fierce attack by the Prussians on the Hermitage,

he fought desperately against an overwhelming force, and up to the end

encouraged his men by shouting that the victory was theirs. In the end

he fell, mowed down by a hail of bullets. La Debacle.

ROCHEFONTAINE, proprietor of a large factory at Chateaudun. He was

desirous of serving as a Deputy, but did not secure the support of the

Government, and, standing as an independent candidate, was defeated.

Later, in consequence of the disgrace of M. de Chedeville, he became the

official candidate, and in spite of a brusqueness of manner which made

him unpopular, he was elected. La Terre.

RODRIGUEZ, a distant relative of the Empress, who made a claim upon the

State for a large sum, which he said had been due since 1808. Eugene

Rougon, the Minister of State, gave great offence to the Empress by

opposing the claim. Son Excellence Eugene Rougon.

ROGNES-BOUQUEVAL (LES), an ancient and noble family whose estate,

already much reduced by enforced sales, was declared national property

in 1793, and was purchased piece by piece by Isidore Hourdequin. La

Terre.

ROIVILLE (LES), members of Parisian society at whose house Baroness

Sandorff occasionally met Gundermann. L’Argent.

ROSALIE, an old chair-mender at Rognes. The poor woman lived all alone,

sick and without a copper. Abbe Godard came to her assistance. La Terre.

ROSE, a waitress in Lebigre’s wine-shop. Le Ventre de Paris.

ROSE, servant in the household of Francois Mouret, was an old woman of

crabbed nature and uncertain temper. She fell under the influence of

Abbe Faujas, and encouraged her mistress in the religious observances

which led to the neglect of her family. Later, when Madame Mouret’s

health became impaired, and she became subject to fits, it was chiefly

Rose who threw suspicion on her master, encouraging the belief that

he was insane and had inflicted injuries on his wife. La Conquete de

Plassans.

ROSE, a peasant girl at Artaud; sister of Lisa. La Faute de l’Abbe

Mouret.

ROSE, maid-servant to Madame Hennebeau. She was not alarmed by the

violence of the strikers, as, belonging to that district, she knew the

miners, and believed them not to be wicked. Germinal.

ROSE, daughter of the concierge at the sub-prefecture at Sedan. She was

a worker in Delaherche’s factory, and he applied to her for information

regarding the course of the battle, as she was in a position to hear

the gossip of the officers and officials. When Napoleon III decided to

request an armistice from the Prussians, it was Rose who furnished a

tablecloth to be used as a white flag. La Debacle.

ROSE, niece of Aristide Saccard’s hairdresser. She was a pretty girl of

about eighteen, whom Saccard sent to his son Maxime under the pretext

of nursing him, but in reality with a view to hastening the course of

a nervous disease from which the young man suffered. Aristide agreed

to pay her a percentage on the fortune which he hoped to acquire at his

son’s death. Le Docteur Pascal.

ROUBAUD, assistant station-master at Havre. Born in the south of France,

at Plassans, he had a carter for father. He had quitted the army with

the stripes of a sergeant-major, and for a long time had been general

porter at the station at Nantes. He had been promoted head porter

at Barentin, and it was there that he first saw Severine Aubry, the

god-daughter of President Grandmorin, whom he married. This was the sole

romance of his existence, and it was coupled with fortune, for apart

from Severine and her marriage portion of ten thousand francs, the

President, now a director of the Western Railway Company, got him

appointed assistant station-master at Havre. He proved an excellent

official, and the only thing against him was a suspicion that he was

affected by republican principles. For three years Roubaud’s married

life was a happy one, until a chance lie of his wife’s gave him a clue

to her former relations with Grandmorin. Driven frantic by jealousy, he

forced her to reveal the truth, afterwards compelling her to become

his accomplice in the murder of the President in the Havre express. The

Roubauds established an alibi, though slight suspicion attached to them,

and Denizet, the examining magistrate, endeavoured to fasten the crime

on Cabuche. For political reasons it was not considered desirable that

Grandmorin’s character should be publicly discussed, and the inquiry

regarding the murder was dropped. Roubaud was aware, however, that

Jacques Lantier had strong suspicions, and tried to secure his silence

by making him a friend; a friendship which soon developed into a

liaison between Lantier and Severine. With the murder of Grandmorin,

the disintegration of Roubaud’s character began; he gradually became a

confirmed gambler, and having lost all his own money began to use that

which he had taken from the body of his victim in order to establish

a false motive for the crime. The relations between him and his wife

became more and more strained, until they reached such a pitch that

Lantier and she planned his murder. The homicidal frenzy of Lantier, to

which Severine fell a victim, ended the plot, but Roubaud and Cabuche,

who arrived on the scene immediately after the murder, were arrested

under what appeared to be suspicious circumstances, and, after trial,

were sentenced to penal servitude for a crime which they did not commit.

La Bete Humaine.

ROUBAUD (MADAME), wife of the preceding. See Severine Aubry. La Bete

Humaine.

ROUDIER, a regular attender at the political meetings held in the

Rougons’ yellow drawing-room. La Fortune des Rougon.

ROUGE D’AUNEAU (LE), lieutenant of Beau-Francois, leader of the band of

brigands. He wrote a complaint while in prison. La Terre.

ROUGETTE, a cow bought by the sisters Mouche at the market of Cloyes. La

Terre.

ROUGON, a young gardener who worked for the Fouque family, and

afterwards married Adelaide. Fifteen months afterwards he died from

sunstroke, leaving a son named Pierre. La Fortune des Rougon.

ROUGON, alias SACCARD (ARISTIDE), born 1815, youngest son of Pierre

Rougon, was educated, like his brothers, at Plassans and Paris, but

failed to pass his examinations. His character was a combination of

covetousness and slyness: his greatest desire was the acquisition of

rapid fortune, gained without work. In 1836 he married Angele Sicardot,

who brought him a dowry of ten thousand francs. As Aristide did no work,

and lived extravagantly, the money was soon consumed, and he and his

wife were in such poverty that he was at last compelled to seek a

situation. He procured a place at the Sub-Prefecture, where he remained

nearly ten years, and only reached a salary of eighteen hundred francs.

During that time “he longed, with ever-increasing malevolence and

rancour, for those enjoyments of which he was deprived” by his lowly

position. In 1848, when his brother Eugene left for Paris, he had a

faint idea of following him, but remained in the hope of something

turning up. In opposition to his father, he expressed Republican

principles, and edited a newspaper called the _Independant_. At the time

of the _Coup d’Etat_, he became alarmed at the course of events, and

pretended that an accident to his hand prevented him from writing. His

mother having given him private information as to the success of the

Bonapartist cause, he changed the politics of his paper, and became

reconciled to his parents. La Fortune des Rougon.

Early in 1852 he went to Paris, taking with him his wife and daughter

Clotilde, then a child of four; his son Maxime he left at Plassans.

Through the influence of his brother Eugene, he got an appointment as

assistant surveying clerk at the _Hotel de Ville_, with a salary of two

thousand four hundred francs. Before entering on his duties, however, he

changed his name to Saccard on the suggestion of his brother, who feared

that he might be compromised by him. In 1853, Aristide was appointed

a surveying commissioner of roads, with an increased salary. At this

period great schemes of city improvement were under discussion, and

Aristide by spying and other shady means got early information as to

the position of the proposed new streets. Great chances of fortune were

arising, but he had no capital. The death of his wife enabled him to

enter into a plan proposed by his sister Sidonie, who had heard of

a family willing to make a considerable sacrifice to find a not too

inquisitive husband for their daughter. He accordingly married Renee

Beraud du Chatel, and gained control of a considerable sum of ready

money, in addition to the fortune settled on his wife. By means of

a cleverly contrived swindle, in which he was assisted by his friend

Larsonneau, he got a fabulous price for some property acquired by him,

and the foundation of his fortune was laid. From this time, he lived a

life of the wildest extravagance, and, though his gains were frequently

enormous, his expenses were so great that it was only with difficulty

that he was able to prevent a catastrophe. La Curee.

He as appointed by Pauline Quenu’s family council to be her “surrogate

guardian.” La Joie de Vivre.

After a last and disastrous land speculation, Saccard was obliged to

leave his great house in the Parc Monceau, which he abandoned to his

creditors. At first undecided as to his movements, he took a flat in the

mansion in Rue Saint-Lazare, which belonged to Princess d’Orviedo. There

he met Hamelin, the engineer, and his sister Caroline, with whom he soon

became on intimate terms. Hamelin having spent much time in the East,

had formed many schemes for great financial ventures, and Saccard was

so impressed with these that he formed a syndicate for the purpose of

carrying some of them out. With this view the Universal Bank was formed,

and was at first very successful. By persistent advertising, and other

means, the shares of the Bank were forced to an undue price, and then

Saccard began to speculate in them on behalf of the Bank itself. The

great financier Gundermann, with whom Saccard had quarrelled, then began

a persistent attack on the Bank, selling its shares steadily day after

day. Saccard continued to buy as long as he was able; but the end came,

the price broke, and he, as well as the Bank, which was now one of

its own largest shareholders, was ruined. Since his previous failure,

Saccard had not been on friendly terms with his brother Eugene Rougon,

and, some time before the collapse of the Bank, had made violent attacks

upon him in his newspaper. Consequently Rougon did nothing to assist him

in the criminal proceedings which followed the final catastrophe; he did

not, however, wish to have a brother in jail, and arranged matters

so that an appeal was allowed. Next day Saccard escaped to Belgium.

L’Argent.

After the fall of the Second Empire, he returned to Paris, despite the

sentence he had incurred. Some complicated intrigue must have been at

work, for not only did he obtain a pardon, but once more took part in

promoting large undertakings, with a finger in every pie and a share of

every bribe. In 1872 he was actively engaged in journalism, having been

appointed Director of the _Epoque_, a Republican journal which made a

great success by publishing the papers found in the Tuileries. Covetous

of his son’s fortune, he hastened a disease from which Maxime suffered,

by encouraging him in vicious courses, and in the end got possession

of the whole estate. By a singular irony, Aristide, now returned to his

original Republicanism, was in a position to protect his brother Eugene,

whom in earlier days he had so often compromised. Le Docteur Pascal.

ROUGON (MADAME ANGELE), first wife of the preceding, was a daughter

of commander Sicardot. She brought her husband a dowry of ten thousand

francs. La Fortune des Rougon.

Along with her daughter Clotilde, she accompanied her husband to Paris

in 1852, and being an amiable woman without ambition she was quite

satisfied with the modest position he at first secured. She died in 1854

of inflammation of the lungs. La Curee.

ROUGON, alias SACCARD (MADAME RENEE), the second wife of Aristide

Rougon, alias Saccard, was the elder daughter of M. Beraud du Chatel,

the last representative of an old middle-class family. Having become

seriously compromised, she was hurriedly married to Saccard through the

agency of his sister Madame Sidonie, and a considerable sum of money

as well as land was settled upon her. Wholly given over to pleasure

and extravagance, she soon got deeply into debt, and her husband took

advantage of this from time to time by inducing her to make over to him

her property, in order that he might speculate with it. She engaged in a

shameful liaison with her husband’s son Maxime, which ultimately brought

her great unhappiness, and she died of acute meningitis at an early age.

La Curee.

ROUGON (CHARLES), born 1857, son of Maxime Rougon, alias Saccard, and of

Justine Megot, a maid-servant of Madame Renee Saccard. The child and his

mother were sent to the country with a little annuity of twelve hundred

francs. La Curee.

At fifteen years of age he lived at Plassans with his mother,

who had married a saddler named Anselme Thomas. Charles was a

degenerate who reproduced at a distance of three generations his

great-great-grandmother, Adelaide Fouque. He did not look more than

twelve years old, and his intelligence was that of a child of five.

There was in him a relaxation of tissues, due to degeneracy, and the

slightest exertion produced hemorrhage. Charles was not kindly treated

by his stepfather, and generally lived with his great-grandmother

Felicite Rougon. He was frequently taken to visit the aged Adelaide

Fouque in the asylum at Les Tulettes, and on one occasion, in 1873, when

he chanced to be left alone with her he was seized with bleeding at the

nose, and, under the fixed eyes of his ancestress, he slowly bled to

death. Le Docteur Pascal.

ROUGON (CLOTILDE), born 1847, daughter of Aristide Rougon, accompanied

her father and mother to Paris in 1852. After the death of her mother

in 1854, she was sent to live with Dr. Pascal Rougon, her uncle, who had

frequently offered to take her to enliven his silent scientific home. La

Curee.

At Plassans Clotilde lived a quiet healthy life, much of it spent in the

open air. She was not highly educated, but having considerable artistic

talent was able to assist Doctor Pascal by making illustrations for his

great work on heredity. At one period she developed strong religious

tendencies under the influence of Martine, the doctor’s old servant,

who took her to church, and imbued the girl with her own bigoted ideas

regarding the salvation of Pascal. Her grandmother, Felicite Rougon,

who wished, for family reasons, to destroy Pascal’s manuscripts on the

subject of heredity, played on Clotilde’s feelings, and induced her to

assist in a search for the hated work. Rougon surprised them in the act,

and subsequently laid bare to Clotilde the whole facts of the terrible

family history. In time the mysticism of the Church gave place to

passionate love between Clotilde and Pascal. The doctor felt, however,

that she was sacrificing her youth for him, and sent her to Paris to

live with her brother Maxime. Soon afterwards, Pascal became ill, and

died before she was able to return. A child was born some months later.

Le Docteur Pascal.

ROUGON (EUGENE), born 1811, eldest son of Pierre Rougon, was educated at

Plassans and Paris, and was called to the Bar. He practised in the

local Court for a number of years, but with little success. Though of

lethargic appearance, he was a man of ability, who “cherished lofty

ambitions, possessed domineering instincts, and showed a singular

contempt for trifling expedients and small fortunes.” With the

Revolution of February, 1848, Eugene felt that his opportunity had come,

and he left for Paris with scarcely five hundred francs in his pocket.

He was able to give his parents early information of the designs of the

Bonapartes, and so prepared the way for the events of the _Coup d’Etat_

of 1851, when the family fortunes were made. La Fortune des Rougon.

During his early days in Paris Rougon resided at the Hotel Vanneau, kept

by Madame Correur, and while there he made the acquaintance of Gilquin

and Du Poizet, both of whom assisted him in spreading the Bonapartist

propaganda. By his exertions in this cause he established a claim for

reward, and he was appointed a member of the State Council, ultimately

becoming its President. He fell into disfavour, however, with the Court

on account of his opposition to a claim for two million francs by a

distant relative of the Empress Eugenie. Finding that his position was

insecure, he tendered his resignation to the Emperor, who accepted

it. About this time he met Clorinde Balbi, an Italian adventuress, who

endeavoured to induce him to marry her. Carried away for the time being,

Rougon made overtures to her which she resented, and he was on the point

of offering her marriage. Reflection on her somewhat equivocal position

in society induced him to think better of this, and he offered to

arrange a marriage between her and his friend Delestang. The offer

was accepted, and the marriage took place. Soon after, Rougon married

Veronique Beulin-d’Orchere. During his retirement Rougon was surrounded

by a band of followers, the Charbonnels, Du Poizet, Kahn, and others,

who in the hope of profiting by his return to office lost no chance of

establishing a claim upon him. After the Orsini plot against the life of

the Emperor, of which Rougon had prior information through Gilquin, the

need for a strong man arose, and he was again called to office, being

appointed Minister of the Interior. His harshness in carrying out

reprisals against the Republican party, and even more, his recklessness

in finding appointments for his friends, led to a public outcry, and his

position again became undermined. Clorinde, who had never forgiven him

for not marrying her, did much to foment the disaffection, and even his

own band of followers turned against him. Always quick to act, Rougon

again placed his resignation in the hands of the Emperor, who to his

surprise accepted it. Three years later he was once more a member of the

Corps Legislatif, and having brought his principles into accordance with

the more liberal views then professed by the Emperor, he gave his strong

support to the measures giving effect to them. In consequence, he

was appointed by the Emperor as a Minister without department, and

commissioned to defend the new Policy. Son Excellence Eugene Rougon.

When his brother Aristide came to Paris, Eugene found a situation for

him, but, fearing to be compromised by him, suggested that he should

change his name to Saccard which he did. There was no intimacy between

the brothers, but Eugene occasionally visited Aristide at the great

house built by him in the Parc Monceau. La Curee.

After Saccard’s bankruptcy, Eugene refused to have any further

connection with him, though he tacitly approved of the foundation of the

Universal Bank. The Bank having failed, however, he did nothing to

stay legal proceedings against his brother; but, after a sentence of

imprisonment had been passed, he connived at his escape from the country

while the sentence was under appeal. L’Argent.

He continued to take a lively interest in Plassans, and it was by him

that Abbe Faujas was sent there to counteract the clerical influence,

which at that time was strongly Legitimist. He kept up a correspondence

with his mother, whom he advised as to each step she should take in

political matters. La Conquete de Plassans.

After the fall of the Empire, Eugene became a simple Deputy, and in the

Assembly remained to defend the old order of things which the downfall

had swept away. Le Docteur Pascal.

ROUGON (MADAME EUGENE), wife of the preceding. See Veronique

Beulin-d’Orchere. Son Excellence Eugene Rougon.

ROUGON (MARTHE), born 1820, daughter of Pierre Rougon; married in 1840

her cousin Francois Rougon; had three children. La Fortune des Rougon.

She accompanied her husband to Marseilles, where by close attention

to business they accumulated a fortune in fifteen years, returning to

Plassans at the end of that period and settling down there. Her life at

Plassans was a happy one until the household fell under the influence of

Abbe Faujas. From the first she was in love with the priest, and as

he gave her no encouragement in this, she devoted herself to church

services to the entire neglect of her household and family. As time went

on, her passion for the Abbe grew more extreme, and her health became

undermined to a serious extent. She became subject to fits of an

epileptic nature, and having injured herself in some of these, she

allowed the injuries to be attributed to her husband, whom she had now

grown to regard as an encumbrance. Though she was aware that he was not

insane, she allowed him to be removed to an asylum, where confinement

soon completed the work begun by her own conduct. The Abbe Faujas having

resolutely resisted her advances, her health became still worse, and she

died in her mother’s house on the same night that her husband escaped

from the asylum and burned down their old home. La Conquete de Plassans.

ROUGON (MAXIME), born 1840, son of Aristide Rougon. La Fortune des

Rougon.

When his father went to Paris in 1852, Maxime remained at school at

Plassans, not going to Paris till after his father’s second marriage.

From early youth he was of vicious character, and the idleness and

extravagance of the life in his father’s house only completed the

training begun at Plassans. After carrying on a disgraceful liaison with

his father’s second wife, he married Louise de Mareuil, through whom he

got a considerable dowry. La Curee.

After the death of his wife, six months after their marriage, he

returned to Paris, where he lived quietly upon the dowry brought to him

by her. He refused to join in any of his father’s schemes, or to assist

him in any way, and was consequently not affected by the failure of the

Universal Bank. L’Argent.

After the war he re-established himself in his mansion in Avenue du

Bois-de-Boulogne, where he lived on the fortune left by his wife. “He

had become prudent, however, with the enforced restraint of a man whose

marrow is diseased, and who seeks by artifice to ward off the paralysis

which threatened him.” In the fear of this impending illness, he induced

his sister Clotilde to leave Doctor Pascal, and go to live with him

in Paris, but in his constant fear of being taken advantage of he soon

began to be suspicious of her, as he did of every one who served him.

His father, who wished to hasten his own inheritance, encouraged him in

a renewal of his vicious courses, and he died of _locomotor ataxy_ at

the age of thirty-three. Le Docteur Pascal.

ROUGON (MADAME MAXIME). See Louise de Mareuil.

ROUGON (PASCAL), born 1813, second son of Pierre Rougon, “had an

uprightness of spirit, a love of study, a retiring modesty which

contrasted strangely with the feverish ambitions and unscrupulous

intrigues of his family.” Having acquitted himself admirably in his

medical studies at Paris, he returned to Plassans, where he lived a life

of quiet study and work. He had few patients, but devoted himself

to research, particularly on the subject of heredity, with special

reference to its results on his own family. In the hope of alleviating

suffering, he followed the Republican insurgents in their march from

Plassans in December, 1851. La Fortune des Rougon.

In 1854 his niece Clotilde, daughter of his brother Aristide, went to

live with him. He had frequently offered to take her, but nothing was

arranged till after the death of her mother, at which time she was about

seven years old. La Curee.

His practice as a medical man extended to Les Artaud, and he attended

his nephew Abbe Serge Mouret during an attack of brain fever. On the

priest’s partial recovery, he removed him to the Paradou, and left him

in the care of Albine, niece of old Jeanbernat, the caretaker of that

neglected demesne. Dr. Pascal was much attached to Albine, and deeply

regretted the sad love affair which resulted from Mouret’s forgetfulness

of his past. He had no religious beliefs himself, and he urged Mouret to

return to Albine, but the voice of the Church proved too strong in the

end. La Faute de l’Abbe Mouret.

At sixty years of age Pascal was so fresh and vigorous that, though his

hair and beard were white, he might have been mistaken for a young man

with powdered locks. He had lived for seventeen years at La Souleiade,

near Plassans, with his niece Clotilde and his old servant Martine,

having amassed a little fortune, which was sufficient for his needs. He

had devoted his life to the study of heredity, finding typical examples

in his own family. He brought up Clotilde without imposing on her his

own philosophic creed, even allowing Martine to take her to church

regularly. But this tolerance brought about a serious misunderstanding

between them, for the girl fell under the influence of religious

mysticism, and came to look with horror on the savant’s scientific

pursuits. Discovered by him in an attempt to destroy his documents, he

explained to Clotilde fully and frankly the bearing of their terrible

family history on his theory of heredity, with the result that her

outlook on life was entirely changed; he had opposed the force of human

truth against the shadows of mysticism. The struggle between Pascal

and Clotilde brought them to a knowledge of mutual love, and an illicit

relationship was established between them. He would have married her

(this being legal in France), but having lost most of his money he

was unwilling to sacrifice what he believed to be her interests, and

persuaded her to go to Paris to live with her brother Maxime. Soon after

her departure he was seized with an affection of the heart, and,

after some weeks of suffering, died only an hour before her return.

Immediately after his death his mother, Madame Felicite Rougon, took

possession of his papers, and in an immense _auto-da-fe_ destroyed in an

hour the records of a lifetime of work. Le Docteur Pascal.

ROUGON (PIERRE), born 1787, legitimate son of Adelaide Fouque, was a

thrifty, selfish lad who saw that his mother by her improvident conduct

was squandering the estate to which he considered himself sole heir. His

aim was to induce his mother and her two illegitimate children to remove

from the house and land, and in this he was ultimately successful.

Having sold the property for fifty thousand francs, he induced his

mother, who by this time was of weak intellect, to sign a receipt for

that sum, and was so able to defraud his half-brother and sister of

the shares to which they would have been entitled. Soon thereafter he

married Felicite Puech, the daughter of an oil dealer in Plassans. The

firm of Puech and Lacamp was not prosperous, but the money brought by

Pierre Rougon retrieved the situation, and after a few years the two

original partners retired. Fortune, however, soon changed, and for

thirty years there was a continual struggle to make ends meet. Three

sons and two daughters were born, and their education was a heavy drain

upon their parents’ means. In 1845 Pierre and his wife retired from

business with forty thousand francs at the most. Instigated by the

Marquis de Carnavant, they went in for politics, and soon regular

meetings of the reactionary party came to be held in their “yellow

drawing-room.” Advised, however, by their son Eugene, they resolved

to support the cause of the Bonapartes, and at the time of the _Coup

d’Etat_ of 1851 Pierre was the leader of that party in Plassans. Having

concealed himself when the Republican insurgents entered Plassans, he

avoided capture, and after they retired he led the band of citizens

which recaptured the town hall. This bloodless victory having been

somewhat minimized by the townspeople, Pierre and his wife, with a view

to establishing a strong claim for subsequent reward, bribed Antoine

Macquart to lead the Republicans left in Plassans to an attack on

the town hall. To meet this he prepared a strong ambuscade, and the

Republicans were repulsed with considerable loss. As a result of this

treachery, Pierre was regarded by his fellow-citizens as the saviour

of the town, and the Government subsequently appointed him Receiver of

Taxes, decorating him with the Cross of the Legion of Honour. La Fortune

des Rougon.

He settled down quietly and took little part in public affairs, though

his wife continued to hold weekly receptions at which members of the

different political parties were represented. La Conquete de Plassans.

He became so corpulent that he was unable to move, and was carried off

by an attack of indigestion on the night of 3rd September, 1870, a few

hours after hearing of the catastrophe of Sedan. The downfall of the

regime which he prided himself on having helped to establish seemed to

have crushed him like a thunderbolt. Le Docteur Pascal.

ROUGON (MADAME FELICITE), wife of the preceding, and daughter of Puech,

the oil-dealer. She was married in 1810, and had three sons and two

daughters. A woman of strong ambitions, she hoped to better her social

position by the aid of her sons, on whose education she spent large

sums. Disappointed in this hope for many years, she and her husband

retired from business with barely sufficient means to keep themselves

in comfort. She, instigated by the Marquis de Carnavant (her putative

father), urged her husband to take part in politics, and meetings of

the reactionary party were regularly held in her “yellow drawing-room.”

While the success of the _Coup d’Etat_ was in some doubt, she encouraged

her husband in maintaining the position he had taken up; and, having

ascertained that the success of the Bonapartists was assured she

arranged with Antoine Macquart for the attack on the town hall, the

repulse of which led to the rise of the family fortunes. La Fortune des

Rougon.

After her husband’s appointment as Receiver of Taxes, she continued

her weekly receptions, but endeavoured to give them a non-political

character by inviting representatives of all parties. Her son Eugene,

now a Minister of State, kept her advised as to the course she should

pursue, and on his instructions she gave some assistance to Abbe Faujas

in his political “conquest of Plassans.” La Conquete de Plassans.

In 1856 she interested herself in a lawsuit raised by M. Charbonnel,

a retired oil-merchant of Plassans, and requested her son Eugene, the

President of the Council of State, to use his influence on behalf of her

friend. Son Excellence Eugene Rougon.

After the disasters of the war, Plassans escaped from her dominion, and

she had to content herself with the role of dethroned queen of the old

regime. Her ruling passion was the defence of the glory of the Rougons,

and the obliteration of everything tending to reflect on the family

name. In this connection she welcomed the death of Adelaide Fouque, the

common ancestress of the Rougons and the Macquarts, and she did nothing

to save her old accomplice Antoine Macquart from the terrible fate which

overtook him. After these events, her only remaining trouble was the

work on family heredity which had for years occupied her son Pascal.

Assisted by his servant Martine, she eventually succeeded in burning the

whole manuscript to which Pascal had devoted his life. Her triumph was

then secure, and in order to raise a monument to the glory of the family

she devoted a large part of her fortune to the erection of an asylum for

the aged, to be known as the Rougon Asylum. At eighty-two years of age,

she laid the foundation stone of the building, and in doing so conquered

Plassans for the third time. Le Docteur Pascal.

ROUGON (SIDONIE), born 1818, daughter of Pierre Rougon. La Fortune des

Rougon.

She married at Plassans an attorney’s clerk, named Touche, and together

they went to Paris, setting up business in the Rue Saint-Honore, as

dealers in fruit from the south of France. The venture was unsuccessful,

and the husband soon disappeared. At the rise of the Second Empire,

Sidonie was thirty-five; but she dressed herself with so little care and

had so little of the woman in her manner that she looked much older. She

carried on business in lace and pianos, but did not confine herself

to these trades; when she had sold ten francs worth of lace she would

insinuate herself into her customer’s good graces and become her man of

business, attending attorneys, advocates, and judges on her behalf. The

confidences she everywhere received put her on the track of good strokes

of business, often of a nature more than equivocal, and it was she who

arranged the second marriage of her brother Aristide. She was a

true Rougon, who had inherited the hunger for money, the longing for

intrigue, which was the characteristic of the family. La Curee.

In 1851 she had a daughter by an unknown father. The child, who was

named Angelique Marie, was at once sent to the Foundling Hospital by her

mother, who never made any inquiry about her afterwards. Le Reve.

She attended the funeral of her cousin, Claude Lantier, the artist.

Arrived at his house, “she went upstairs, turned round the studio,

sniffed at all its bare wretchedness, and then walked down again with a

hard mouth, irritated at having taken the trouble to come.” L’Oeuvre.

“After a long disappearance from the scene, Sidonie, weary of the shady

callings she had plied, and now of a nunlike austerity, retired to

the gloomy shelter of a conventual kind of establishment, holding the

purse-strings of the Oeuvre du Sacrament, an institution founded with

the object of assisting seduced girls, who had become mothers, to secure

husbands.” Le Docteur Pascal.

ROUGON (VICTOR), son of Aristide Saccard and Rosaline Chavaille. Brought

up in the gutter, he was from the first incorrigibly lazy and vicious.

La Mechain, his mother’s cousin, after discovering his paternity, told

the facts to Caroline Hamelin, who, to save Saccard annoyance, paid over

a considerable sum and removed the boy to _L’Oeuvre du Travail_, one of

the institutions founded by the Princess d’Orviedo. Here every effort

was made to reclaim him, but without success; vice and cunning had

become his nature. In the end he made a murderous attack upon Alice

du Beauvilliers, who was visiting the hospital, and having stolen her

purse, made his escape. Subsequent search proved fruitless; he had

disappeared in the under-world of crime. L’Argent.

“In 1873, Victor had altogether vanished, living, no doubt, in the shady

haunts of crime--since he was in no penitentiary--let loose upon the

world like some brute foaming with the hereditary virus, whose every

bite would enlarge that existing evil--free to work out his own future,

his unknown destiny, which was perchance the scaffold.” Le Docteur

Pascal.

ROUGON (-----), the child of Doctor Pascal Rougon and of Clotilde

Rougon, born some months after his father’s death. Pascal a few

minutes before he died, drew towards him the genealogical tree of the

Rougon-Macquart family, over which he had spent so many years, and in

a vacant space wrote the words: “The unknown child, to be born in 1874.

What will it be?” Le Docteur Pascal.

ROUSSE (LA), a peasant girl of Les Artaud, who assisted to decorate the

church for the festival of the Virgin. La Faute de l’Abbe Mouret.

ROUSSEAU, one of the auditors of the Universal Bank, an office which he

shared with Lavigniere, under whose influence he was to a great extent.

L’Argent.

ROUSSELOT (MONSEIGNEUR), Bishop of Plassans, an amiable but weak man,

who was entirely under the influence of Abbe Fenil. Having got into

disfavour with the Government over the election of a Legitimist as

Deputy, he was anxious to retrieve his position, and with this object

agreed to appoint Abbe Faujas vicar of Saint-Saturnin’s church. This led

to a quarrel with Abbe Fenil, who, of course, resented the appointment.

The Bishop being still in some doubt as to the standing of Abbe Faujas

with the Government, went to Paris, where he interviewed Eugene Rougon,

the Minister of State. Satisfied with the information which he received,

he threw himself heartily into the political struggle then proceeding at

Plassans, giving Faujas every assistance in carrying out his schemes on

behalf of the Bonapartist candidate. La Conquete de Plassans.

ROUSSIE (LA), a woman who had formerly worked as a putter in the Voreux

pit. Germinal.

ROUSTAN (ABBE), one of the clergy of Sainte-Eustache church. Madame

Lisa Quenu consulted him as to her proposed course of action regarding

Florent. Le Ventre de Paris.

ROUVET, an old peasant who lived in the same village as Zephyrin Lacour

and Rosalie Pichon. One of her pleasures consisted in calling to mind

the sayings of the old man. Une Page d’Amour.

ROZAN (DUC DE), was a young man of dissolute life, who, after getting

the control of his fortune, soon went through the greater part of it. He

was the lover of Renee Saccard for a time. La Curee.

ROZAN (DUCHESSE DE), mother of the preceding. She kept her son so short

of money that, till he was thirty-five, he seldom had more than a dozen

louis at a time. Her death was largely occasioned by the knowledge of

the enormous amount of debts her son had incurred. La Curee.

RUSCONI (CHEVALIER), the Sardinian Minister at Paris, a friend of

Comtesse Balbi, and her daughter. Son Excellence Eugene Rougon.

S

SABATANI, a native of the Levant, who appeared in Paris after defaulting

on some foreign Stock Exchange. He was a handsome man, and little by

little gained the confidence of the Bourse “by scrupulous correctness

of behaviour and an unremitting graciousness even towards the most

disreputable.” He began doing business with Mazard by depositing a small

sum as “cover” in the belief that the insignificance of the amount would

in time be forgotten; and “he evinced great prudence, increasing the

orders in a stealthy gradual fashion, pending the day when, with a heavy

settlement to meet, it would be necessary for him to disappear.” When

Saccard founded the Universal Bank, he selected Sabatani as the “man of

straw” in whose name the shares held by the Bank itself were to be taken

up. Sabatani soon increased his speculations to an enormous extent,

gaining large sums, but after the collapse of the Universal Bank he

disappeared without paying his “differences,” thereby contributing

largely to the ruin of Mazard. L’Argent.

SABOT, a vine-grower of Brinqueville. He was a renowned joker, who

entered into a competition with Hyacinthe Fouan, but was beaten by him.

La Terre.

SACCARD, the name assumed by Aristide Rougon, on the suggestion of his

brother Eugene. See Rougon (Aristide). La Curee.

SACCARD (VICTOR). See Victor Rougon.

SAFFRE (DE), secretary to Eugene Rougon, the Minister of State. La

Curee.

SAGET (MADEMOISELLE), an old lady who had lived in the Rue Pirouette for

forty years. She never spoke about herself, but she spent her life in

getting information about her neighbours, carrying her prying curiosity

so far as to listen behind their doors and open their letters. She

went about all day pretending she was marketing, but in reality merely

spreading scandal and getting information. By bullying little Pauline

Quenu, she got a hint of Florent’s past history, which she promptly

spread through the markets, even going the length of writing an

anonymous letter to the Prefect of Police. Le Ventre de Paris.

SAINT-FIRMIN (OSCAR DE), a character in _La Petite Duchesse_, a play by

Fauchery. The part was played by Prulliere. Nana.

SAINT-GERMAIN (MADEMOISELLE DE), was the owner of a princely house in

Rue Saint-Lazare, which after her death became the property of Princess

d’Orviedo. L’Argent.

SAINTS-ANGES (LA MERE DES), superior of the Convent of the Visitation at

Clermont. She saved from the cloister Christine Hallegrain, who had

not a religious vocation, and obtained for her a situation to Madame de

Vanzade. L’Oeuvre.

SALMON, a speculator on the Paris Bourse who passed for a man of

extraordinary acumen by listening to everyone and saying nothing.

He answered only by smiles, and one could never tell in what he was

speculating or whether he was speculating at all. L’Argent.

SALNEUVE (DE), a man of considerable importance in the Second Empire,

whose influence was secured for Eugene Rougon by Clorinde Balbi. Son

Excellence Eugene Rougon.

SAMBUC (GUILLAUME), one of the francs-tireurs who carried on a guerilla

warfare against the Germans in 1870. He was the worthy son of a family

of scoundrels, and lived by theft and rapine. He furnished most valuable

information to the French generals regarding the movement of the

Prussians to surprise Beaumont, but his information was disregarded till

too late. The francs-tireurs had a particular hatred against Goliath

Steinberg, the German spy, and, instigated by Silvine Morange, Sambuc

arranged for his capture, afterwards killing him by cutting his throat.

La Debacle.

SAMBUC (PROSPER), brother of the preceding. Of a nature docile and

hard-working, he hated the life of the woods, and would have liked to

be a farm labourer. He entered the army and became one of the Chasseurs

d’Afrique. Sent to France to take part in the war against Germany, he

shared in many weary marches, but saw no fighting, till the battle of

Sedan, when his horse, Zephir, which he loved like a brother, was killed

under him. He made his escape after the battle, and having been able

to change his uniform for the clothes of a countryman, he returned to

Remilly and got employment on the farm of Fouchard. La Debacle.

SANDORFF, a member of the Austrian Embassy at Paris. He married Mlle.

de Ladricourt, who was much younger than he. He was very niggardly.

L’Argent.

SANDORFF (BARONESS), wife of the Councillor to the Austrian Embassy,

who was thirty-five years older than herself. She was an inveterate

speculator, and, as her husband refused to assist her, she found it

necessary to have recourse to her lovers when her losses were greater

than usual. She stopped at nothing to gain information, and at one time

was on intimate terms with Saccard. Having quarrelled with him, she

hastened the downfall of the Universal Bank, by giving information

to Gundermann which caused him to continue his attack on the Bank.

L’Argent.

SANDOZ (PERE), a Spaniard who took refuge in France in consequence of a

political disturbance in which he was involved. He started near Plassans

a paper mill with new machinery of his own invention. When he died,

almost heart-broken by the petty local jealousy that had sought to

hamper him in every way, his widow found herself in a position so

involved, and burdened with so many tangled lawsuits, that the whole of

her remaining means were swallowed up. L’Oeuvre.

SANDOZ MERE (MADAME), wife of the preceding, was a native of Burgundy.

Yielding to her hatred of the Provencals, whom she blamed for the death

of her husband, and even for the slow paralysis from which she herself

was suffering, she migrated to Paris, with her son Pierre, who then

supported her out of a clerk’s small salary. In Rue d’Enfer she occupied

a single room on the same flat as her son, and there, disabled by

paralysis, lived in morose and voluntary solitude, surrounded by his

tender care. Later, Pierre, who was now married, and was making a

considerable income, took a house in Rue Nollet, and there Madame Sandoz

passed her remaining years. L’Oeuvre.

SANDOZ (PIERRE), a famous novelist whose youth was spent at Plassans,

where at school he was the inseparable companion of Claude Lantier and

Dubuche. The favourite amusement of the boys was walking, and together

they took long excursions, spending whole days in the country. After the

death of his father Sandoz went to Paris, where he got employment at a

small salary at the _Mairie_ of the fifth arrondissement, in the office

for registration of births; he was chained there by the thought of his

mother, whom he had to support, and to whom he was tenderly attached.

Presently he published his first book: a series of mild sketches,

brought with him from Plassans, among which only a few rougher notes

indicated the mutineer, the lover of truth and power. He lived at this

time with his mother in a little house in Rue d’Enfer, and there he

received each Thursday evening his old friends from Plassans, Claude

Lantier and Dubuche, and with them Fagerolles, Mahoudeau, Jory,

Gagniere, now reunited at Paris, and all animated by the same passion

for art. He was still obsessed by a desire for literary glory, and had

thoughts of writing a poem on some vast subject, but at last he hit on

a scheme which soon took form in his mind. With reference to it he said,

“I am going to take a family, and I shall study its members, one by one,

whence they come, whither they go, how they react upon one another--in

short, humanity in a small compass, the way in which humanity grows and

behaves. On the other hand, I shall set my men and women in a determined

period of history, which will provide me with the necessary surroundings

and circumstances, a slice of history--you understand, eh? A series

of fifteen or twenty books, episodes that will cling together although

having each a separate framework, a suite of novels with which I shall

be able to build myself a house for my old age if they don’t crush

me.” The first of the novels met with some success, and Sandoz having

resigned his appointment, and put his trust entirely in literature,

married a young girl named Henriette, the daughter of middle-class

parents, and removed his house to Rue Nollet. In course of time his

circumstances became still more comfortable, and he again removed to a

large house in Rue de Londres. When Claude Lantier fell into misery and

despair, a gradual separation came about between him and his friends,

but Sandoz remained true to the old companionship. He was one of the few

mourners who attended the funeral of the unfortunate artist. L’Oeuvre.

SANDOZ (MADAME HENRIETTE), wife of the preceding. She was an orphan,

the daughter of a small shop-keeper, without a penny, but pretty and

intelligent. She occupied herself much with the affairs of the kitchen,

being specially proud of some of her dishes. Even later, when the family

was more prosperous and had removed to a large flat in Rue de Londres,

Henriette continued to take personal charge, out of affection for her

husband, whose only fault was a tendency to gluttony. L’Oeuvre.

SANQUIRINO (DUCHESSE), a lady of the Italian aristocracy, who resided at

Paris. She gave Eugene Rougon very unsatisfactory information regarding

Comtesse Balbi and her daughter Clorinde. Son Excellence Eugene Rougon.

SANS-POUCE, one of the brigands of the band of Beau-Francois. La Terre.

SAPIN, sergeant in Captain Beaudoin’s company of the 106th Regiment of

the line. “The son of a Lyons grocer in a small way of business, spoilt

by his mother, who was dead, and unable to get on with his father, he

had remained in the regiment disgusted with everything, but unwilling to

be bought out.” Later he became engaged to one of his cousins, who had a

small dowry, and began to take an interest in life. During the march

to Sedan, however, he became impressed with the idea that he would

be killed, and this belief was realized during the fighting on 1st

September, 1870. La Debacle.

SAPIN (LA), a disreputable old woman at Magnolles who performed illegal

operations and pretended to work magic.

SARRIET (MADAME), sister of Madame Lecoeur and of Madame Gavard; mother

of La Sarriette. Le Ventre de Paris.

SARRIET, usually called La Sarriette, was the niece of Madame Lecoeur.

She grew up in the markets and her sympathies were with the lower ranks

of the people. At twenty she set up in business as a fruit-dealer, and

took as her lover a young man named Jules, who was employed by her

aunt as a porter. After the arrest of Gavard, her uncle by marriage,

La Sarriette and her aunt divided his money between them. Le Ventre de

Paris.

SARTEUR, a journeyman hatter at Plassans. He was afflicted with

homicidal mania, and was confined for a time in the asylum at Tulettes.

While there he was treated by Doctor Pascal Rougon, who affected a

cure by hypodermic injections of a substance with which he had long

experimented. Sarteur was released from the asylum, but the cure was

not permanent, for a few months afterwards the unfortunate man became

conscious of a return of his homicidal mania, and, to prevent its

operation, hanged himself. Le Docteur Pascal.

SATIN, a friend of Nana from childhood, having, like her, attended

the school of Mademoiselle Josse. She was a regular customer at Laure

Piedefer’s restaurant, where she met Madame Robert. She lived for a time

with Nana, of whom she was intensely jealous, and in time gained control

of the whole household. She died in the hospital of Lariboisiere. Nana.

SAUCISSE (LA PERE), an old peasant of Rognes, who owned an acre of land

which he sold to Pere Fouan for an annuity of fifteen sous a day. In

order to dupe the old man, he pretended to be in bad health. Later,

terrorized by Buteau, he cancelled the agreement, and repaid half the

sums he had received. La Terre.

SAUVAGNAT, a friend of Pluchart. He lived at Marchiennes. Germinal.

SAUVAGNAT, chief of the depot at Havre, lived in a cottage near the

engine depot, which his sister Philomene kept for him, but greatly

neglected. He was an obstinate man and a strict disciplinarian, greatly

esteemed by his superiors, but had met with the utmost vexation on

account of his sister, even to the point of being threatened with

dismissal. If the Company bore with her now on his account, he only kept

her with him because of the family tie; but this did not prevent him

belabouring her so severely with blows whenever he caught her at fault

that he frequently left her half dead on the floor. La Bete Humaine.

SAUVAGNAT (PHILOMENE), sister of the preceding, was a tall, thin woman

of thirty-two, who after numerous love-affairs had settled down with

Pecqueux, whose mistress she became. She had the reputation of drinking.

A subsequent intrigue between her and Jacques Lantier excited the

jealousy of Pecqueux to the point of murder. La Bete Humaine.

SAUVEUR (MADAME), a dress-maker, who numbered Madame Desforges among her

customers. She frequented Mouret’s shop, _Au Bonheur des Dames_, on the

occasions of great sales, purchasing large quantities of stuff which she

afterwards sold to her own customers at higher prices. Au Bonheur des

Dames.

SAUVIGNY (DE), judge of the race for the Grand Prix de Paris. Nana.

SCHLOSSER, a speculator on the Paris Bourse. He was secretly associated

with Sabatani, with whom he carried out many schemes to their mutual

advantage. L’Argent.

SCOTS (H.R.H. THE PRINCE OF). See Ecosse.

SEDILLE, a native of Lyons, who established himself in Paris, and after

thirty years’ toil succeeded in making his silk business one of the best

known in the city. Unfortunately he acquired a passion for gambling, and

a couple of successful ventures made him altogether lose his head. From

that time he neglected his business, and ruin lay inevitably at the end.

On the invitation of Saccard he became a Director of the Universal Bank.

Like the other Directors, he speculated largely in the shares of the

Bank; but, unlike most of them, he did not sell in time, with the result

that he was completely ruined, and his bankruptcy followed. L’Argent.

SEDILLE (GUSTAVE), son of M. Sedille, the silk merchant. To the

disappointment of his father, he despised commercial pursuits, and

cared only for pleasure. In the hope that he might take an interest

in finance, he was given a situation in the office of Mazard, the

stockbroker, where, however, he did little work, and soon engaged in

speculations on his own account. The failure of the Universal Bank left

him penniless, and deep in debt. L’Argent.

SICARDOT (COMMANDER), the father-in-law of Aristide Rougon. He had the

strongest intellect of the politicians who met in Pierre Rougon’s yellow

drawing-room. He was taken prisoner by the insurgents at the time of the

_Coup d’Etat_. La Fortune des Rougon.

SICARDOT, the name of Aristide Rougon’s wife’s family. He adopted this

name when he went to Paris in 1851, using it for considerable time

before he again changed it to Saccard. L’Argent.

SICARDOT (ANGELE). See Madame Aristide Rougon.

SIDONIE (MADAME), the name by which Sidonie Rougon (q.v.) was generally

known. La Curee.

SIMON (LA MERE), an old woman who assisted Severine Roubaud in her

housework. La Bete Humaine.

SIMONNOT, a grocer at Raucourt. His premises were raided by the

Bavarians after the Battle of Beaumont. La Debacle.

SIMPSON, an American who was attache at his country’s Embassy at Paris.

He was a frequent visitor at the house of Renee Saccard. La Curee.

SIVRY (BLANCHE DE), the name assumed by Jacqueline Baudu, a girl who

came to Paris from a village near Amiens. Magnificent in person, stupid

and untruthful in character, she gave herself out as the granddaughter

of a general, and never owned to her thirty-two summers. She was much

annoyed at the outbreak of war with Germany, because her lover, a young

Prussian, was expelled from the country. Nana.

SMELTEN, a baker at Montsou. He gave credit for some time during the

strike, in the hope of recovering some of his business taken away by

Maigrat. Germinal.

SMITHSON (MISS), Lucien Deberle’s English governess. Une Page d’Amour.

SONNEVILLE, a manufacturer at Marchiennes. His business was seriously

affected by the strike of miners at Montsou. Germinal.

SOPHIE, a workwoman employed at Madame Titreville’s artificial

flower-making establishment. L’Assommoir.

SOPHIE, an old waiting-maid in the service of the Duchesse de

Combeville, whose daughter, Princess d’Orviedo, she brought up. When

the Princess shut herself up from the world, Sophie remained with her.

L’Argent.

SOPHIE, daughter of Guiraude. Predestined to phthisis by heredity, she

was saved, thanks to Dr. Pascal Rougon, who sent her to live with an

aunt in the country, where she was brought up in the open air. When she

was seventeen years old she married a young miller in the neighbourhood.

Le Docteur Pascal.

SOULAS, an old shepherd at La Borderie, where he had been for half a

century. At sixty-five he had saved nothing, having been eaten up by a

drunken wife, “whom at last he had the pleasure of burying.” He had few

friends, except his two dogs, Emperor and Massacre, and he especially

hated Jacqueline Cognet with the jealous disgust of an old servant at

her rapid advancement. He was aware of her numerous liaisons, but said

nothing until she brought about his dismissal, when he told everything

to his master, Alexandre Hourdequin. La Terre.

SOURDEAU, a bone-setter at Bazoches-le-Doyen, who was supposed to be

equally good for wounds. La Terre.

SOUVARINE, an engine-man at the Voreux pit, who lodged with the

Rasteneurs. He was a Russian of noble family, who had at first studied

medicine, until, carried away by social enthusiasm, he learned a trade

in order that he might mix with the people. It was by this trade that he

now lived, after having fled in consequence of an unsuccessful attempt

against the Czar’s life, an attempt which resulted in his mistress,

Annouchka, and many of his friends, being hanged. His principles were

those of the most violent anarchy, and he would have nothing to do with

the strike at Montsou, which he considered a merely childish affair.

Disgusted at the return of the miners to their work, he resolved to

bring about the destruction of the Voreux pit, by weakening the timbers

which kept out a vast accumulation of water. He accomplished that work

of madness in a fury of destruction in which he twenty times risked

his life. And when the torrent had invaded the mine, imprisoning the

unfortunate workers, Souvarine went calmly away into the unknown without

a glance behind. Germinal.

SPIRIT, an English horse which ran in the Grand Prix de Paris. Nana.

SPONTINI, a master at the College of Plassans. He came originally from

Corsica, and used to show his knife, rusty with the blood of three

cousins. L’Oeuvre.

SQUELETTE-EXTERNE (LE). See Mimi-la-Mort. L’Oeuvre.

STADERINO (SIGNOR), a Venetian political refugee, and a friend of

Comtesse Balbi. Son Excellence Eugene Rougon.

STEINBERG (GOLIATH), a Prussian spy who was engaged in 1867 as a farm

servant by Fouchard at Remilly. He became the lover of Silvine Morange,

promising her marriage, but disappearing before the ceremony. It was

said that he served also on other farms in the neighbourhood of Beaumont

and Raucourt. During the war he was able to give important information

to the German forces. In trying to regain his former influence over

Silvine, he threatened to remove their child to Germany, and, to

prevent his doing so, she betrayed him to Guillaume Sambuc and the

francs-tireurs of his band, who killed him in the house of Fouchard, in

the presence of Silvine, by cutting his throat, and bleeding him in the

same manner as a pig. La Debacle.

STEINER, a banker in Paris. He was a German Jew, through whose hands had

passed millions. He spent vast sums upon Rose Mignon and Nana. Nana.

STERNICH (DUCHESSE DE), a celebrated leader of society in the Second

Empire. She dominated all her friends on the ground of a former intimacy

with the Emperor. La Curee.

STEWARD (LUCY), was the daughter of an engine-cleaner of English origin

who was employed at the Gare du Nord. She was not beautiful, but had

such a charm of manner that she was considered the smartest of the

_demi-mondaines_ in Paris. Among her lovers had been a prince of the

royal blood. She had a son, Ollivier, before whom she posed as an

actress. Nana.

STEWART (OLLIVIER), son of the preceding. He was a pupil at the naval

college, and had no suspicion of the calling of his mother. Nana.

SURIN (ABBE), secretary to the Bishop of Plassans, of whom he was a

great favourite. He was a constant visitor at the home of M. Rastoil,

with whose daughters he played battledore. La Conquete de Plassans.

SYLVIA, an actress who was admired by Maxime Saccard. La Curee.

T

TABOUREAU (MADAME), a baker in the Rue Turbigo. She was a recognized

authority on all subjects relating to her neighbours. Le Ventre de

Paris.

TATIN (MADEMOISELLE), kept an under-linen warehouse in the Passage

Choiseul, and was so seriously affected by the competition of Octave

Mouret’s great store that she became bankrupt. Au Bonheur des Dames.

TARDIVEAU (BARON DE), a character in _La Petite Duchesse_, a play by

Fauchery. The part was played by Fontan.

TATAN NENE, a young girl of great beauty who had herded cows in

Champagne before coming to Paris. She was one of Nana’s friends. Nana.

TAVERNIER, an old doctor of Orleans, who had ceased to practise. Georges

Hugon made a pretext of visiting him, in order to be able to join Nana

at La Mignotte. Nana.

TEISSIERE (MADAME), a _mondaine_ of the Second Empire. She was a friend

of Madame de Lauwerens and of the Saccards. La Curee.

TESTANIERE (MADAME), a protegee of Madame Correur, who recommended her

to Eugene Rougon, the Minister of State. Son Excellence Eugene Rougon.

TEUSE (LA), an elderly woman who acted as servant to Abbe Mouret. In

addition, she cleaned the church and kept the vestments in order; on

occasion, it was said, she had even served the Mass for the Abbe’s

predecessor. She was garrulous and ill-tempered, but was devoted to

Mouret, of whom she took the greatest care, and she was also kind to his

weak-minded sister, Desiree. La Faute de l’Abbe Mouret.

THEODORE, a Belgian who gave lessons on the piano to Clarisse Bocquet,

and afterwards became her lover. Pot-Bouille.

THEODORE, son of a paste-board maker. He was to have married Nathalie

Dejoie, but wishing to establish himself in business, demanded a

considerable dowry. He afterwards married the daughter of a workman, who

brought him nearly eight thousand francs. L’Argent.

THERESE, a former neighbour of the Lorilleux in Rue de la Goutte

d’Or. She died of consumption, and the Lorilleux thought they saw a

resemblance between Gervaise and her. L’Assommoir.

THIBAUDIER (M.), a banker at Caen. He had a daughter, Louise, but having

married again soon after the death of his first wife, he troubled little

about her, and was quite willing to consent to her marriage with Lazare

Chanteau. La Joie de Vivre.

THIBAUDIER (LOUISE), daughter of M. Thibaudier, a banker at Caen. She

was a slight, delicate girl, with an attractive manner, and Lazare

Chanteau fell in love with her, though he was at the time engaged to

Pauline Quenu. Pauline having magnanimously released him, they were

married. Lazare’s morbid mania having become more acute, and Louise

being herself in poor health, their relations became strained, and the

marriage was not a happy one. They had a son who was named Paul. La Joie

de Vivre.

Louise died young. Le Docteur Pascal.

THOMAS, keeper of an eating-house at Montmartre. L’Assommoir.

THOMAS (ANSELME), a journeyman saddler at Plassans. He married Justine

Megot, tempted by the annuity of twelve hundred francs which she

received from Saccard. He disliked her child, the little Charles Rougon,

who was degenerate and weak-minded. Le Docteur Pascal.

THOMAS (MADAME ANSELME), wife of the preceding. See Justine Megot. Le

Docteur Pascal.

TISON, keeper of a dram-shop at Montsou. Germinal.

TISSOT (MADAME), a friend of Madame Deberle. Une Page d’Amour.

TITREVILLE (MADAME) carried on the business of an artificial-flower

maker, of which Madame Lerat was forewoman, and where Nana Coupeau was

a pupil. She was a tall woman who never unbent, and the girls were all

afraid of her, pretending to be engrossed in work whenever she appeared.

L’Assommoir.

TOUCHE (M.), a townsman of Plassans who expressed disbelief in the

success of the _Coup d’Etat_. La Fortune des Rougon.

TOUCHE, an Attorney’s clerk at Plassans. He married Sidonie Rougon in

1838, and went with her to Paris, where he started business as a dealer

in the products of the South. He was not very successful, and died in

1850. La Curee.

TOURMAL (LES), a family who resided at Bonneville and lived chiefly by

smuggling and stealing. The father and grandfather were sent to prison,

and the daughter, when shown kindness by Pauline Quenu, rewarded her by

attempting to steal such small articles of value as she could conceal.

La Joie de Vivre.

TOUTIN-LAROCHE (M.), a retired candle-manufacturer; now a municipal

councillor, and a director of the Credit Viticole, the Societe Generale

of the Ports of Morocco, and other companies of doubtful standing. His

ambition was to enter the Senate, and he clung to Baron Gauraud and

Saccard in the belief that they could assist him. La Curee.

TRICON (LA), a well-known procuress, who numbered Nana among her

clients. She had a passion for racing, and at the Grand Prix seemed to

dominate the crowd.

TROMPETTE, one of the horses in the Voreux pit. It only lived a few

months after being taken underground. Germinal.

TRON, a labourer in the farm of La Borderie. He was one of Jacqueline

Cognet’s lovers, and exhibited jealousy amounting to insanity regarding

her. Having been dismissed by his master, he opened a trap-door through

which Hourdequin fell and was killed. When he found that Jacqueline

would not forgive him for this stupid murder, which ruined her

prospects, he set fire to the farm buildings. La Terre.

TROUCHE (HONORE), brother-in-law of Abbe Faujas. Having been

unsuccessful in business at Besancon, he followed Faujas to Plassans,

where he went with his wife to live in rooms rented by the Abbe from

Francois Mouret. He was of bad character and quite unscrupulous, but by

the influence of Faujas he was appointed Secretary to the Girls’ Home

started by Madame Mouret and other ladies of Plassans. Having got a

footing in the Mourets’ house, he soon began to take advantage of his

position, and little by little got possession of the whole premises. He

did all he could to encourage the idea of Francois Mouret’s madness, and

after the unfortunate man’s removal to the asylum was able with greater

ease to carry out his schemes. Mouret having ultimately escaped from the

asylum, returned to his home and set it on fire; Trouche perished in the

flames. La Conquete de Plassans.

TROUCHE (MADAME OLYMPE), wife of the preceding, and sister of Abbe

Faujas. She accompanied her husband to Plassans, and contributed largely

to the ruin of the Mouret family. Utterly heartless, she stopped at

nothing, robbing Madame Mouret of money, clothing, everything that came

within her power. Nemesis came with the return of Francois Mouret, who

set fire to his house, causing the death of Madame Trouche as well as

that of her husband. La Conquete de Plassans.

TROUILLE (LA), the nickname of Olympe Fouan. La Terre.

TRUBLOT (HECTOR), a young man whom Madame Josserand hoped at one time

to secure as a husband for her daughter. He had, however, no thoughts of

marriage, and as he was averse to any risk of complications, his habit

was to select his female friends from among the maid-servants of

his acquaintances. He was employed as correspondent in the office of

Monsieur Desmarquay, a money-changer. Pot-Bouille.

V

VABRE, a notary of Versailles who retired to Paris with a fortune, part

of which he invested in the house in Rue de Choiseul occupied by the

Duveyriers, the Josserands, and others. He had unfortunately a hidden

passion for gambling in stocks and shares, and when he died it was found

that his whole fortune had been dissipated, even his house being heavily

mortgaged. Pot-Bouille.

VABRE (AUGUSTE), eldest son of M. Vabre, carried on a silk merchant’s

business in part of the premises which belonged to his father. He

married Berthe Josserand, but as he suffered much from neuralgia, and

was, in addition, of a niggardly disposition, the marriage was not a

happy one. An intrigue between Madame Vabre and Octave Mouret followed,

and on its discovery she returned to her parents. For a considerable

time Vabre refused to forgive his wife, but a reconciliation was

ultimately brought about through the intervention of Abbe Mauduit.

Vabre’s fortunes were adversely affected by the extension of Madame

Hedouin’s business, known as “The Ladies’ Paradise.” Pot-Bouille.

The rapid success of Octave Mouret’s business led to the ruin of Vabre,

a result to which the extravagance of his wife also contributed. Au

Bonheur des Dames.

VABRE (MADAME AUGUSTE), wife of the preceding. See Berthe Josserand.

Pot-Bouille.

VABRE (CAMILLE), son of Theophile Vabre and his wife Valerie Louhette.

Pot-Bouille.

VABRE (CLOTILDE), daughter of Vabre the notary, and wife of Duveyrier.

She did not get on well with her husband, whom she hated, and her only

passion was for music, which she practised to an inordinate extent.

Pot-Bouille.

VABRE (THEOPHILE), second son of M. Vabre, “a little old man of

twenty-eight, a victim to coughs and toothache, who first tried

all sorts of trades and then married the daughter of a neighbouring

haberdasher.” His life was shadowed by suspicions of his wife, with whom

he constantly quarrelled. He was with difficulty prevented from making

a scene at the marriage of his brother Auguste to Berthe Josserand.

Pot-Bouille.

VABRE (MADAME VALERIE), wife of the preceding, nee Louhette, was the

daughter of a wealthy haberdasher. She did not get on well with her

husband, who accused her, not entirely without reason, of carrying on a

liaison with some one whose name he was unable to discover. Pot-Bouille.

VADON (MARGUERITE), daughter of a linen-draper at Grenoble, found it

desirable to come to Paris for a time, and got a situation at “The

Ladies’ Paradise.” She as a well-conducted girl, and ultimately returned

to Grenoble to take charge of her parents’ shop, and marry a cousin who

was waiting for her. Au Bonheur des Dames.

VALENCAY (BARON DE), aide-de-camp to the Emperor. He married the eldest

daughter of the Comtesse de Bretigny. L’Assommoir.

VALENCAY (MADEMOISELLE PAULE DE), was very rich and extremely beautiful

when at nineteen years old she married the Marquis Jean XII de

Hautecoeur. She died within a year, leaving a son named Felicien. Le

Reve.

VALENTIN, son of Guiraude, and brother of Sophie. His father, a

journeyman tanner, died of phthisis, and Valentin, who had been in daily

contact with him, developed the disease. Doctor Pascal Rougon prolonged

his life for some time by hypodermic injections of a substance

discovered by himself, but the respite was only temporary, for at

twenty-one years of age Valentine died of hereditary phthisis. Le

Docteur Pascal.

VALERIO II, a horse which belonged to M. Corbreuse and ran in the Grand

Prix de Paris. Nana.

VALLAGNOSC (MADAME DE), belonged to an old family of Plassans. Left a

widow with two daughters and one son, she found life difficult on the

small remains of a former fortune. In order to assist his mother, the

son, Paul, secured an appointment at Paris in a Government office. Au

Bonheur des Dames.

VALLAGNOSC (PAUL DE), an old friend of Octave Mouret, whom he had known

at Plassans. He belonged to an old family, but, being a younger son

without money, was obliged to select a profession. He studied law, but

meeting with no success, was obliged to accept an appointment in the

Ministry of the Interior. He married Mademoiselle de Boves. Au Bonheur

des Dames.

VALLAGNOSC (MADAME PAUL DE), wife of the preceding. See Blanche de

Boves.

VALQUEYRAS (COMTE DE), a relation of Marquis de Carnavant, who lived in

his house. La Fortune des Rougon.

He was a supporter of the Marquis de Lagrifoul, the Legitimist Deputy

for Plassans, who visited him for a fortnight before the election which

was dominated by Abbe Faujas. La Conquete de Plassans.

VALQUEYRAS (MARQUISE DE), in 1873, she was the only representative of

a very old family. She was a widow with a little daughter of six, very

rich, and equally parsimonious. When Doctor Pascal Rougon called on her

to ask payment of his fees, he allowed himself to be put off, and even

gave advice regarding the health of the child. Le Docteur Pascal.

VANDERGHAGEN, the medical man employed by the Mining Company of Montsou.

He was so much overworked that it was said he gave his consultations

while he was running from place to place. Germinal.

VANDEUVRES (COMTE XAVIER DE), the last member of a noble family, had

gone through a large fortune in Paris. His racing-stable was famous, as

were his losses at the Imperial Club, while his ruin was completed by

the vast sums which he spent on Nana. His final hope was centred on the

race for the Grand Prix de Paris in which he was running two horses,

Lusignan and a filly named Nana. Lusignan was the favourite, but

Vandeuvres, having arranged his betting, caused the horse to be pulled,

so that the filly might win. The ruse was successful, and Vandeuvres

gained a large sum, but suspicions having been aroused, he was warned

off the turf and expelled from the Imperial Club. Driven to madness,

the Comte shut himself up in his stable, and, having set it on fire,

perished among his horses. Nana.

VANDORPE, the head stationmaster of the Western Railway Company at

Paris. La Bete Humaine.

VANPOUILLE BROTHERS, a firm of furriers in Rue Neuve-des-Petits Champs,

who were practically ruined when Octave Mouret added a fur department to

“The Ladies’ Paradise.” Au Bonheur des Dames.

VANSKA (COMTESSE), a well-known and rich _mondaine_ of the Second

Empire. La Curee.

VANZADE (MADAME), the widow of a general. She was an old lady, rich,

nearly blind, and practically helpless. At Passy she lived, in a

silent old house, a life so retired and regular that it might have been

actuated by clockwork. As she required a companion, her old friend, La

Mere des Saints-Anges, recommended Christine Hallegrain to her; but the

girl, stifling in that dwelling of rigid piety, ended by running off

with her lover, Claude Lantier. Madame Vanzade died four years later,

and the bulk of her fortune went to charities. L’Oeuvre.

VAQUEZ (JUDITH), an artist’s model who lived in Rue du Rocher. She was a

Jewess, fresh enough in colouring but too thin. L’Oeuvre.

VAUCOGNE (HECTOR), husband of Estelle Badeuil. At the time of his

marriage, Vaucogne was a junior officer of customs, but when his wife’s

parents retired he took over their _maison publique_. He left everything

to the care of his wife, and after her death the establishment ceased

to be prosperous. In the end he was turned out by his father-in-law, and

the business was given to his daughter Elodie, who showed all the family

capacity for management. La Terre.

VAUCOGNE (MADAME HECTOR), wife of the preceding. See Estelle Badeuil. La

Terre.

VAUCOGNE (ELODIE), daughter of the preceding, and granddaughter of M.

and Madame Charles Badeuil. She was seven years old when her parents

took over the _maison publique_ of her grandfather, and she was then

sent to a convent at Chateaudun to be educated by the Sisters of the

Visitation. Her holidays were spent with her grandparents, and she was

supposed to be under the impression that her parents were carrying on

a large confectionery business, but Victorine, a servant who had been

dismissed for misconduct, had made her aware of the facts, and when, at

eighteen years of age, she was asked in marriage by her cousin Ernest

Delhomme, she astonished her grandparents by joining with him in a

desire to succeed to the family establishment. La Terre.

VAUGELADE (DUC DE), at one time the master of Gourd, who was his valet.

Pot-Bouille.

VENOT (THEOPHILE), an old lawyer who made a speciality of ecclesiastical

cases, and had acquired a fortune by serving the Jesuits. He had retired

with a comfortable sum, and led an existence slightly mysterious;

received everywhere, saluted very low, even a little feared, as he

represented a great and unknown force which he had behind him. An

intimate friend of the Muffats, he did everything in his power to put

an end to the liaison between the Comte and Nana, and, though no success

attended his efforts for a considerable time, he was able when ruin

seemed imminent to save Muffat from scandal and to console him by a

return to the practice of religion. Nana.

VERDIER (BARON), proprietor of a racing-stable. Frangipane, one of his

horses, ran in the Grand Prix de Paris. Nana.

VERDIER, a lawyer who had been for a long time engaged to Hortense

Josserand. The marriage was put off from time to time, as he had

got entangled with a woman from whom he found separation difficult.

Pot-Bouille.

VERDONCK, a grocer at Montsou. His business was much affected by the

competition of Maigrat, and he gave credit during the first week of the

strike in the hope of getting back some of his old customers. Germinal.

VERLAQUE, an inspector in the fish-market at the _Halles Centrales_.

Having fallen into bad health, he was allowed to find a substitute

to keep the place open for him in case he should recover. Florent was

appointed, and paid a considerable portion of the salary to Verlaque. Le

Ventre de Paris.

VERLAQUE (MADAME), wife of the preceding. Florent assisted her after the

death of her husband. Le Ventre de Paris.

VERNIER, an art critic who published an article on Fagerolles the

artist. L’Oeuvre.

VERONIQUE, maid-servant to the Chanteau family, was a tall, stout young

woman of unattractive appearance and uncertain temper. She had been

in the service of the Chanteaus for twenty years, and having become

necessary to them, took advantage of her position. From the first,

Veronique resented Pauline Quenu’s presence in the Chanteau household,

and treated her as an intruder. In course of time, however, she came to

see that Pauline was being despoiled of her means by Madame Chanteau,

and her sense of justice made her take the young girl’s part. The death

of Madame Chanteau made a deep impression on Veronique whose ill-will

towards Pauline gradually returned. Her mind, not strong at best, became

unhinged, and in a fit of temper she went into the orchard and hanged

herself. La Joie de Vivre.

VIAL (ABBE), one of the clergy of Plassans. When his appointment became

vacant it was promised to Abbe Bourrette, but was eventually given to

Abbe Faujas. La Conquete de Plassans.

VIAL (MELANIE), second wife of Jean Macquart, to whom she was married in

1871. She was the only daughter of a peasant in easy circumstances, and

was of a fine robust physique. She had three healthy children in as many

years. Le Docteur Pascal.

VIAN, a wheelwright of Plassans, to whom Silvere Mouret was apprenticed.

La Fortune des Rougon.

VICTOIRE, Madame Campardon’s cook. She had been in the service of her

master’s father when Campardon was a baby, and though now old, and not

over clean, they were unwilling to part with her. Pot-Bouille.

VICTOIRE (LA MERE), wife of Pecqueux, the railway stoker. She had been

the nurse of Severine Aubry, and later, as the wife of Pecqueux, who

spent all his earnings on drink, she was leading a wretched existence

in Paris by the aid of a little sewing, when, happening to meet her

foster-daughter, the former intimacy had been renewed, and President

Grandmorin took her under his protection, obtaining for her the post of

attendant at the ladies’ cloakroom. She occupied a room in the Impasse

d’Amsterdam, which the Roubauds regarded as their head-quarters when

they spent a day in Paris. Having become helpless as the result of a

sprain, she was obliged to resign her post and seek admittance to a

hospital. La Bete Humaine.

VICTORINE, cook in the employment of Nana. She married Francois, the

footman. Nana.

VICTORINE, a servant in the employment of the Badeuils after they

retired to Rognes. She was dismissed for misconduct, and in revenge told

Elodie Vaucogne the occupation of her parents. La Terre.

VIGOUROUX, a coal merchant in Rue de la Goutte d’Or. He sold coke to

Gervaise at the same price as the Gas Company. L’Assommoir.

VIGOUROUX (MADAME), wife of the preceding. She was a little woman with

bright eyes who liked to laugh with the men. L’Assommoir.

VIMEUX, a miserable little sheriff officer, who was celebrated in the

Canton for the bad usage he got from the peasants when he was obliged to

serve summonses upon them. La Terre.

VINCARD, a silk merchant, who, seeing that his business was likely to be

seriously affected by the competition of “The Ladies’ Paradise,” he

sold it to Robineau, and took a restaurant at Vincennes. Au Bonheur des

Dames.

VINCENT, a tavern-keeper in the neighbourhood of Montsou. Germinal.

VINEUIL (COMMANDANT DE), father of Gilberte. Retired from active service

on account of his wounds, he was appointed Director of Customs at

Charleville. His wife died of consumption, and he sent his daughter,

about whose health he was alarmed, to reside for a time at a farm near

Chene-Populeux. He died soon after Gilberte’s marriage to Maginot, the

Inspector of State Forests. La Debacle.

VINEUIL (COLONEL DE), brother of the preceding. In 1870 he commanded the

106th Regiment of the line, which formed part of the Seventh Army corps.

He was a man of fine appearance and character, and bore his part bravely

through the disastrous campaign, until he was severely wounded on the

battlefield of Sedan. Notwithstanding his wound, he remained on his

horse till the end, when he was removed to the house of Delaherche,

the husband of his niece Gilberte. By December his wound was cured, but

crushed by his country’s defeats, his mental depression was so great

that he remained in a darkened room, refusing to hear news from the

outer world, and associating only with his old friend Madame Delaherche,

the mother of his niece’s husband. At the end of December he died

suddenly, horror-struck by an account of the surrender of Metz, which he

chanced to read in an old newspaper. La Debacle.

VINEUIL (GILBERTE DE), daughter of Commandant de Vineuil. She was first

married to Maginot, and afterwards to Jules Delaherche. When she was

nine years old, her father, alarmed at a cough she had, sent her to live

at a farm, where she came to know Henriette Levasseur. Even at that

age she was a coquette, and when at twenty she married Maginot, the

Inspector of the State Forests at Mezieres, her character had not

changed. Mezieres she found dull, but her husband allowed her full

liberty, and she found all the gaiety she desired at Charleville. There

she lived solely for pleasure, and Captain Beaudoin became her lover. In

1869 she became a widow, and in spite of the stories told about her she

found a second husband, Jules Delaherche. On the eve of the battle of

Sedan she resumed for the nonce her former relations with Beaudoin. Gay

and irresponsible by nature, she flirted with Captain von Gartlauben,

a Prussian officer, who was quartered on her husband after the

capitulation of Sedan, while at the same time she carried on a liaison

with Edmond Lagarde, a young soldier who had been wounded, and whom she

had assisted to nurse. La Debacle.

VIOLAINE (LOUISE), an actress at the Theatre des Varietes. She took

the part in the _Blonde Venus_ originally played by Nana, and secured a

great success. Nana.

VIRGINIE, sister of Adele, for whose sake Auguste Lantier deserted

Gervaise Macquart. Gervaise, meeting Virginie in a public washing-house,

was taunted by her on the subject of her lover, and a terrible fight

between the two women followed, Virginie being severely beaten. Gervaise

did not see her again for some years, by which time she had married M.

Poisson, an ex-soldier, who later became a policeman. She professed to

have overlooked the fight with Gervaise, but appears to have been

not without hope that an opportunity of repaying her injuries might

eventually arise. When the Coupeaus gave way to drink, Lantier, who had

again established friendly relations, suggested that Virginie should

take the Coupeaus’ shop and buy a stock of groceries and sweetmeats with

a legacy she had received from an aunt. Partly moved by a desire for

revenge on Gervaise, she did so, and Lantier retained with the Poissons

the place as a lodger he formerly occupied with the Coupeaus. Soon

after, he became Virginie’s lover, and, by paying nothing for

his support, while he gradually ate the contents of the shop, he

accomplished the downfall of the Poissons in much the same manner as he

had already ruined the Coupeaus. L’Assommoir.

VISCARDI (SIGNOR), a Venetian political refugee, and a friend of

Comtesse Balbi. Son Excellence Eugene Rougon.

VOINCOURT (COMTESSE DE), mother of Claire de Voincourt. She occupied at

Beaumont a house adjoining the bishop’s palace. Le Reve.

VOINCOURT (CLAIRE DE), the daughter of an old family of great wealth who

lived at Beaumont. Monseigneur d’Hautecoeur wished to arrange a marriage

between her and Felicien, his son; his plans were assisted by the belief

of Felicien that Angelique, with whom he had fallen in love, no longer

cared for him. This belief having proved false, the proposed marriage

between Felicien and Claire de Voincourt did not take place. Le Reve.

VORIAU, a large black dog which belonged to Bambousse, the Mayor of

Artaud. La Faute de l’Abbe Mouret.

VUILLAUME (M. and MADAME), the parents of Madame Pichon, whom they

visited every Sunday afternoon. They were, later, much annoyed with

the Pichons, whose family became, they considered, too large for their

means. Pot-Bouille.

VUILLAUME (MARIE). See Madame Marie Pichon.

VUILLET, a bookseller of Plassans, who published a biweekly journal, the

_Gazette de Plassans_, which was devoted exclusively to the interests of

the clergy. La Fortune des Rougon.

W

WEISS, husband of Henriette Levasseur, and cousin of Otto Gunther. He

got a situation in the refinery at Chene-Populeux, almost in a menial

position, but he gradually educated himself, and by dint of hard work

raised himself to the position of accountant. A clear-headed man, he

early saw the causes that were to lead to the downfall of his country,

and expressed himself strongly regarding the unprepared state of the

army. Weiss lived at Sedan, but in 1870 he had just bought a little

house at Bazeilles, where he slept the night before the battle. He was

frantic at the idea that the Prussians might pillage and perhaps destroy

the dwelling so long desired and so hardly acquired, and when the

attack was made he took an active part in the fighting. Captured by the

Prussians, and being a civilian, he was at once condemned to be shot,

and the sentence was carried out before the eyes of his wife, who had

come from Sedan to look for him. La Debacle.

WEISS (MADAME), wife of the preceding. See Henriette Levasseur. La

Debacle.

WORMS, a famous costumier, before whom the ladies of the Second Empire

bowed the knee. Renee Saccard was one of his customers, and when she

died owed him an account of two hundred and fifty-seven thousand francs.

La Curee.

Z

ZEPHIR, the horse ridden by Prosper Sambuc, who loved it like a brother.

The animal received a mortal wound at the battle of Sedan, and fell on

its rider, crushing under it his right leg. It lay upon him for some

hours, but eventually, on his speaking to it, moved with a great effort

sufficiently to allow him to escape. La Debacle.

ZEPHYRIN, a worker on the farm of La Borderie. He laughed at the

agricultural machinery introduced by Alexandre Hourdequin. La Terre.

ZIDORE, a youth of seventeen, who was an apprentice zinc-worker. He was

Coupeau’s assistant at one time. L’Assommoir.

ZIZI, the pet name given by Nana to Georges Hugon. Nana.

ZOE, waiting-maid in the employment of Nana. She was entirely in Nana’s

confidence, and was always ready with shrewd advice, though there is no

doubt she arranged matters so that a great deal of money came into her

own hands. She ultimately took over the establishment of La Tricon,

which she had long coveted, and, having large ideas, proposed to extend

the business by renting a larger house. Nana.