DELESTANG (HENRIETTE), sister of Delesta_A Zola Dictionary; the Characters of the Rougon-Macquart Novels of Emile Zola;

M. de Combelot, Chamberlain to Napoleon III. She had a passion for the

Emperor, who, however, would not look at her. Son Excellence Eugene

Rougon.

DELEUZE founded, along with his brother, in 1822, the drapers’ shop

in Paris known as _Au Bonheur des Dames_. When he died, his daughter

Caroline, who was married to Hedouin, succeeded to his share in the

business. Pot-Bouille.

The beginning of the business was exceedingly modest; there was only

one window in the shop, and the stock was a small one. At that time the

principal shop in the neighbourhood was the _Vieil Elbeuf_, of which

Baudu afterwards became proprietor. Au Bonheur des Dames.

DELEUZE (UNCLE), one of the founders of the shop known as _Au Bonheur

des Dames_. After the death of his elder brother he continued the

business along with his niece Madame Hedouin. He became much affected

by rheumatism, and left the management in the hands of Hedouin.

Pot-Bouille.

DELEUZE (CAROLINE). See Caroline Hedouin.

DELHOMME was the son-in-law of Pere Fouan, whose daughter Fanny he

married. He was the owner of a small farm, which he managed so well that

he became one of the richest of the peasant proprietors at Rognes.

He was a man of calm, upright nature, and was frequently selected as

arbiter in petty disputes. In his own affairs, however, he allowed

himself to be much influenced by his wife. He was a municipal

councillor, and ultimately became mayor. La Terre.

DELHOMME (MADAME), nee Fanny Fouan, wife of the preceding. At first a

not unamiable woman, she became hardened, and eventually the cleanliness

of her house became a mania with her. She was unkind to her father, with

whose little weaknesses she had no patience, and her persecution of him

was carried to such an extent that he ceased to live with her and her

husband. She was so annoyed at this that she refused to speak to him

again, and her ill-will was not even terminated by his death. When her

husband became mayor her conceit knew no bounds. La Terre.

DELHOMME (ERNEST), known as Nenesse, son of the preceding. From

childhood he had a fancy for dressing himself up and aping the city

lads, and as he had always a horror of the land he went to Chartres to

assist in a restaurant, with which was connected a public dancing-hall.

His parents effected an insurance against him being drawn in the

conscription; but he drew a lucky number, and the loss of the money

caused his mother considerable annoyance. He proposed to take over

the _maison de tolerance_ at Chartres which belonged to his grand-aunt

Madame Badeuil and her husband, and he eventually did so by marrying

their granddaughter Elodie Vaucogne. La Terre.

DELOCHE, a bailiff in needy circumstances who resided at Briquebec. He

treated his son Henri very badly. Au Bonheur des Dames.

DELOCHE (HENRI), a young man who got employment at “The Ladies’

Paradise” at the same time as Denise Baudu. He fell in love with Denise,

but though she refused to marry him, they remained on friendly

terms, and on one occasion he threw a glass of wine at Favier, a

fellow-shopman, who repeated a slander about her. Au Bonheur des Dames.

DELORME, a relation of the Quenus. On the suggestion of Madame Chanteau

he was nominated a member of the family council of Pauline Quenu. He

consented to her emancipation. La Joie de Vivre.

DENEULIN, a cousin of the Gregoires. Like his cousin, he inherited

a denier in the Montsou mines, but being an enterprising engineer,

tormented by the desire for a royal fortune, he had hastened to sell

out when the value of the denier reached a million francs. His wife

possessed through an uncle the little concession of Vandame, on which

were two abandoned pits--Jean-Bart and Gaston-Marie--and he invested all

his money in the reopening of these pits. He was a bad manager, however,

and after his wife’s death he was pillaged by every one. The great

strike at Montsou completed his ruin, and he was ultimately compelled

to sell his pits to the great company which had already acquired all

the neighbouring mines, himself receiving a situation as divisional

engineer. Germinal.

DENEULIN (JEANNE), second daughter of the preceding. Having lost their

mother when very young, she and her sister were brought up alone,

somewhat badly, being spoiled by their father. Jeanne was fond of

painting, and had already had three landscapes refused by the _Salon_.

Her sister and she remained cheerful in the midst of their father’s loss

of fortune, and proved themselves excellent managers. Germinal.

DENEULIN (LUCIE), elder daughter of Deneulin. She was fond of music, and

at one time talked of going on the stage. Like her sister, she showed an

admirable spirit at the time of her father’s downfall. Germinal.

DENIZET, examining magistrate (_juge d’instruction_) at Rouen. The

son of a cattle-breeder, he studied law at Caen, but had entered the

judicial department of the Government late in life; and his peasant

origin, aggravated by his father’s bankruptcy, made his promotion slow.

After being substitute in various places he was sent to Rouen, where he

acted as examining magistrate. He was fond of his profession, and at the

beginning of the inquiry into the murder of President Grandmorin allowed

himself to be carried away by his desire to elicit the facts of the

case. He received, however, a hint from Camy-Lamotte, the secretary to

the Minister of Justice, that caution must be exercised, and his desire

to be decorated and removed to Paris was so great that he sacrificed the

interests of justice, and caused the case to be hushed up. Later, the

murder of Severine Roubaud reopened the Grandmorin inquiry, and Denizet

was allowed a free hand in dealing with the affair. By a masterpiece

of logical deduction he set out to prove the complicity of Cabuche and

Roubaud, a complicity, however, which had no existence in fact, and the

demonstration of which by Denizet produced a gross error of justice. La

Bete Humaine.

DEQUERSONNIERE, an architect with whom Louis Dubuche served his

apprenticeship. He was a former winner of the Grand Prize, and was

architect of the Civil Branch of Public Works, an officer of the Legion

of Honour, and a member of the Institute. His principal production was

the church of Saint-Mathieu, a building which shared the characteristics

of a pastry-cook’s mould and a clock in the style of the First Empire.

L’Oeuvre.

DESBAZEILLES, President of the Assize Court at Rouen on the occasion

of the trial of Roubaud. He was a bachelor, and an old friend of Madame

Bonnehon; a friendship which still continued, notwithstanding his sixty

years. He was the literary glory of the Court, and his cleverly turned

sonnets were well known. La Bete Humaine.

DESFORGES, a stock-broker. The friendship of his wife with Hartmann, the

great financier, had been very useful to him. He died leaving a fortune,

the amount of which was minimized by some and exaggerated by others. Au

Bonheur des Dames.

DESFORGES (MADAME HENRIETTE), daughter of a Councillor of State and

widow of a stock-broker, who left her a small fortune. “Even during her

husband’s lifetime, people said she had shown herself grateful towards

Baron Hartmann, whose financial tips had proved very useful to them;

and later on, after her husband’s death, the acquaintance had probably

continued, but always discreetly.” Octave Mouret, having met her at

the house of a mutual friend, made love to her, chiefly with a view

to gaining Baron Hartmann’s assistance through her influence. Madame

Desforges was extremely jealous when she learned of Mouret’s affection

for Denise Baudu and the probability of his marrying her. In order to

injure him, she introduced Bouthemont to Baron Hartmann, who lent him

money to start an opposition establishment called “The Four Seasons.” Au

Bonheur des Dames.

DESIR (VEUVE), an elderly woman who kept a ball-room known as

Bon-Joyeux. She called all the miners her children, and grew tender

at the thought of the flood of beer which she had poured out for them

during the last thirty years. She gave her ball-room to the miners to

hold a meeting during the strike, and when the police arrived to break

it up she held the door long enough to allow those present to escape.

Germinal.

DESLIGNIERES, a toy-seller in Rue Saint-Roch. Au Bonheur des Dames.

DESMARQUAY, a money-changer in Rue Saint-Lazare. Trublot was employed in

his office. Pot-Bouille.

DESROCHES, a notary at Chene-Populeux. His house there was requisitioned

for the Emperor on 27th August, 1870, during the march of the army of

MacMahon. La Debacle.

DESROCHES (MADAME), mother of the preceding. Their house adjoined the

early home of Maurice Levasseur, and she had been good to him when he

was a child. When the house was requisitioned for the Emperor, she had

to give up her room to him and take refuge in the garret. La Debacle.

DESRUMAUX (BARON), one of the founders of the coal industry in the north

of France. For forty years he struggled without yielding, in the midst

of continual obstacles, and when at last his pits began to yield a small

profit, two neighbouring concessions, that of Cougny, belonging to the

Comte de Cougny, and that of Joiselle, belonging to the Cornille and

Jenard Company, nearly overwhelmed him with their competition. Happily,

on 25th August, 1760, a treaty was made between the three concessions,

uniting them into a single one known as the Montsou Mining Company.

Germinal.

DESVIGNES (ADELE), see Madame Bouchard.

DIDE (AUNT). See Adelaide Fouque.

DIEUDONNE (MADAME), wife of a small farmer at Seguiranne. She brought up

her niece Sophie, who was cured of phthisis by Doctor Pascal. Le Docteur

Pascal.

DOMERGUE was formerly Director of Roads and Bridges at Plassans. He was

the father of Madame Campardon. Pot-Bouille.

DOMERGUE (MADAME), wife of the preceding, lived a retired life at

Plassans with her husband. She introduced Octave Mouret to her daughter,

Madame Campardon, when he came to Paris. Pot-Bouille.

DOMERGUE (ROSE). See Madame Achille Campardon.

DROUARD (MADAME), an old actress at the Theatre des Varietes. She played

the part of Juno in the _Blonde Venus_. Nana.

DUBREUIL, a cousin of the Levasseurs. He was sub-manager of the sugar

refinery at Chene-Populeux at the time Weiss was employed there; then,

in 1868, he retired to a little property near Sedan which had come to

his wife as a legacy. On the evening before the battle, foreseeing the

disaster, he removed his wife and children to Bouillon, and next day the

house was completely destroyed during the struggle. La Debacle.

DUBRUEL, a pork-butcher at Plassans who took part in the attack on the

Town Hall. Three days later he was killed in the ambush arranged by

Pierre Rougon against the Republicans. La Fortune des Rougon.

DUBUCHE (ALICE), daughter of Louis Dubuche and of Regine Margaillan, his

wife. She was so delicate that at six years old she was still unable to

walk. Her father endeavoured to strengthen her muscles by occasionally

making her hold on to the bar of a trapeze for a few moments, but the

exercise only seemed to produce extreme terror in the unfortunate child.

L’Oeuvre.

DUBUCHE (GASTON), the elder child of Louis Dubuche and of Regine

Margaillan, his wife. At the age of ten he had the feeble limbs of a

little child, and though he regularly exercised on a trapeze, he was

unable to raise himself on his wrists, the least exertion producing

profuse perspiration. L’Oeuvre.

DUBUCHE (LOUIS), eldest son of a baker of Plassans, and companion from

childhood of Claude Lantier and Pierre Sandoz. His mother, who was

very ambitious, sent him to Paris, where he studied architecture at the

School of Art. His reverence for established formulas caused him to be

out of sympathy with the advanced school of painting advocated by Claude

Lantier and his friends, though he expressed large ideals regarding his

own profession. In time he became a first-class pupil at the school, and

with infinite trouble gained the regulation “honourable mention.” But

his parents no longer sent him any money; it became necessary for him

to gain his living, and he was already tired of earning a few francs by

assisting an architect incapable of drawing his own plans. By the aid of

his master, Dequersonniere, he gained a medal for a plan of a villa, and

this brought him prominently under the notice of Margaillan, a wealthy

building contractor, whose daughter Regine he married soon afterwards.

The marriage was not a success; his wife was always ailing, and the two

children which were born to them were so delicate as to cause constant

anxiety. His business relations with his father-in-law were a failure,

some of his ventures resulting in heavy loss, and Margaillan soon thrust

him aside. His only satisfaction was that he had been able to repay

to his parents the money they advanced for his education in Paris.

L’Oeuvre.

DUBUCHE (MADAME LOUIS), wife of the preceding. See Regine Margaillan.

L’Oeuvre.

DUCAT, a franc-tireur of the woods at Dieulet. He was formerly a bailiff

at Blainville, but had to leave on account of a criminal charge against

him. He was a friend of Cabasse and of Guillaume Sambuc, and took part

in the murder of Goliath Steinberg. La Debacle.

DUCHESNE (GEORGES), a lover of Madame Bouchard, for whom she asked

the patronage of Eugene Rougon, which he refused on the ground of his

respect for her husband. Son Excellence Eugene Rougon.

DUCLOUX (LA), an old woman who lived in the neighbourhood of Croix de

Maufras, having formerly been servant in an inn. Misard was authorized

to employ her as gatekeeper on the railway after the death of Flore. She

was anxious to marry Misard, and seeing him constantly searching for

the little hoard of money which had been hidden by his deceased wife,

La Ducloux cleverly led him to believe that she knew where the money was

hidden. After she became the second Madame Misard she became infected

with the feverish anxiety of her husband, and joined with him in his

untiring search. La Bete Humaine.

DUMONTEIL, a rich silk manufacturer at Lyons. He supplied to Octave

Mouret a special make of silk with which he achieved great success. Au

Bonheur des Dames.

DU POIZAT PERE, an old bailiff at Coulonges. He was an old miser who

refused any money to his son Leopold, and even threatened him with

a pistol when he tried to borrow from him. He lived alone in an old

ruinous house with a loaded gun behind the door. His son, having become

a prefect, and wishing to dazzle the old man with his fine position,

attempted to force the door; then followed a drama mysterious and

without witness, at the end of which the old man was found lying at the

foot of his staircase, with his head split open. Son Excellence Eugene

Rougon.

DU POIZAT (LEOPOLD), son of a process-server at Coulonges, a little town

in the district of Niort. His father, who had amassed a considerable

fortune by usury, sent him to study law in Paris, giving him an

allowance of only a hundred francs a month. Some months before the

revolution of February, 1848, he became acquainted with Eugene Rougon,

who, like himself, was boarding at that time with Madame Correur at the

Hotel Vanneau. During the Bonapartist intrigues he assisted Rougon in

some risky undertakings, and later on worked energetically to secure his

election to the Legislative Assembly as member for Deux-Sevres. After

the _Coup d’Etat_ Rougon used his influence on behalf of Du Poizat, and

got him appointed sub-prefect at Bressuire. He resigned this appointment

on the advice of Rougon after the resignation of the latter as President

of the State Council. After Rougon’s return to office he was appointed

prefect at Niort. His extreme harshness and overbearing conduct produced

a public scandal, and the sudden death of his father, under peculiar

circumstances, still further increased his unpopularity. He was at

his own request transferred to another prefecture by Delestang, who

succeeded Rougon as Minister of the Interior. Son Excellence Eugene

Rougon.

DURIEU, a wealthy brewer who, carried away by the charm of Caroline

Hamelin, married her. He became an alcoholic maniac, and on one occasion

pursued his wife with a knife. A separation was arranged, and Durieu

ultimately died in an asylum. L’Argent.

DURIEU (MADAME). See Caroline Hamelin.

DURIEU (LE PERE), a messenger at Plassans. He was a taciturn old

Provencal. Le Docteur Pascal.

DUTILLEUL. A flour-miller at Montsou whose mills were stopped by the

strike. Germinal.

DUVEYRIER (ALPHONSE), a counsellor at the Court of Appeal; married

Clotilde, daughter of M. Vabre. He was a man of dissolute habits, to

whom his wife’s cold nature and love of music were repugnant, and he

spent much of his time away from home. He squandered large sums of money

on a woman named Clarisse Bocquet, who afterwards left him. Having found

her again, he fell under her influence so completely as to allow her

to treat him abominably. So unhappy did he become, that he attempted

to commit suicide by shooting himself; the wound was, however, not a

serious one, and he recovered. Pot-Bouille.

DUVEYRIER (MADAME CLOTILDE), wife of the preceding, was the only

daughter of M. Vabre, a notary of Versailles. She did not get on well

with her husband, who found her cold nature irksome, and, perhaps even

more so, her love of piano-playing. Her musical evenings were attended

by Octave Mouret, the Josserands, and others of the same circle.

Pot-Bouille.

DUVEYRIER (GUSTAVE), son of the preceding, a thin, precocious boy of

sixteen, who was being educated at the Lycee Bonaparte. Pot-Bouille.

DUVILLARD, the owner of a large house bought by Octave Mouret for the

enlargement of his shop. Au Bonheur des Dames.

ECOSSE (S.A.R. LE PRINCE D’), the son of a queen and heir to a throne.

He was tall and strong, with a fair beard and a fresh complexion. He was

an habitue of the Theatre des Varietes, and an admirer of Nana, whom

he wished to bring to London as a singer. Later, Nana spoke of him with

little respect. Nana.

ECREVISSE (L’), a celebrated _demi-mondaine_ of the Second Empire. La

Curee.

EMPEREUR, one of the dogs of the shepherd Soulas. He was a fierce

animal, and, like his master, hated Jacqueline Cognet. La Terre.

ERNESTINE, a woman who once occupied a room in Bourras’s house, and had

written her name in candle-smoke on the ceiling. Au Bonheur des Dames.

ESCORAILLES (MARQUIS D’), father of Jules d’Escorailles. “The

Escorailles family was one of the oldest in Plassans, where it was

treated with the utmost respect; and Rougon, who in former days had

often dragged his worn-down boots past the old Marquis’s house, took a

pride in protecting and assisting the young man. The family retained an

enthusiastic devotion for Henri V, though it allowed its heir to serve

the Empire.” The Marquis and his wife visited Paris specially to ask

the assistance of Rougon in furthering the interests of their son. After

Rougon’s proceedings against the Sisters of the Holy Family, in the

interest of the Charbonnels, they again visited Paris to insist on their

son retiring from the administration, as they said they could not allow

him to be mixed up in any persecution of the Church. Son Excellence

Eugene Rougon.

ESCORAILLES (MARQUISE D’), wife of the preceding. Son Excellence Eugene

Rougon.

ESCORAILLES (JULES D’), son of the Marquis d’Escorailles, a nobleman of

Plassans, at whose request Rougon got Jules an appointment as auditor

at the Council of State. After Rougon’s return to office he appointed M.

Escorailles his private secretary. He carried on an intrigue with Madame

Bouchard. Son Excellence Eugene Rougon.

ESPANET (MARQUIS D’), husband of the Marquise Adeline. He was made

aide-de-camp to the Emperor, but by his riotous conduct scandalized the

older nobility. He never appeared in society with his wife. La Curee.

ESPANET (MARQUISE D’), one of the most prominent leaders of society

of the Second Empire, was the inseparable companion of Madame Haffner,

whose name was always associated with hers by the public. They were both

schoolfellows and friends of Madame Renee Saccard. La Curee.

EUGENIE, cook for a short time to Madame Theophile Vabre. Pot-Bouille.

EUGENIE, a child buried in the cemetery of Cayenne at Saint-Ouen,

where Bongard and Sandoz read the inscription on a poor cross, without

railing, set up slantingly across a path, “Eugenie, three days.”

L’Oeuvre.

EUGENIE (EMPRESS), referred to in Son Excellence Eugene Rougon, and La

Debacle.

EULALIE, a laundress who lived in Rue Montmartre. Gilquin, when visiting

her, chanced to overhear in an adjoining room a conversation between

some Italians who had come to Paris to assassinate the Emperor. Son

Excellence Eugene Rougon.

EULALIE, a fish-seller, mistress of Bec-Sale, alias Boit-sans-soif.

L’Assommoir.

EULALIE (LA MERE), a vegetable seller at Montmartre. She lodged with

Madame Mechain. L’Argent.

EUSEBE, a choir-boy in the church of Saint-Saturnin at Plassans. He

accompanied Abbe Bourrette to the deathbed of Abbe Compan. La Conquete

de Plassans.

FAGEROLLES PERE, a manufacturer of zinc objects of art who lived in

a gloomy old house in Rue Vieille-du-Temple. His workshop was on the

ground floor, above it was a warehouse, and still higher, facing a

courtyard, were the rooms in which he lived with his son Henri. He

intended to bring up Henri as a designer of ornaments for his own trade,

and when the boy showed higher ambitions, taking to painting proper and

talking about the School of Art, there were quarrels, blows, a series of

falling-outs and reconciliations. Even when the young man had achieved

some success, the manufacturer of artistic zincwork, while resigned

to letting him have his will, treated him harshly, like a lad who was

spoiling his career. Later, in the desire of a decoration for himself,

the merchant forgot his former opposition; he held out his son, who

had now arrived at notoriety, as an additional claim for his own

distinction. L’Oeuvre.

FAGEROLLES (HENRI), son of the preceding. In the gloomy house of his

father he grew up like a true child of the Paris pavements. Though his

father desired him to become a designer of ornaments for use in his

trade, the lad had higher ambitions, and desiring to study painting,

became a student at the School of Art. Notwithstanding this orthodox

training, he was a disciple of Claude Lantier and his somewhat

revolutionary band, whom he delighted by sly attacks upon his professors

and praise of themselves. He paid particular court to Claude, under

whose artistic influence he had come, and though he continued to paint

with tricky skill, he no longer talked in anything but the jargon of the

new open-air school. This did not prevent him, however, from elsewhere

making fun of the adepts of that school, whom he accused of doing

their work with a kitchen ladle. He made a success with a picture of an

actress before her glass, which caught the popular taste, and afterwards

appeared as an engraving. Taken up by Naudet, the picture-dealer, he

began to receive large prices for his work, and by doing everything in

his power to make his way in society his position soon became secure.

He was elected a member of the Hanging Committee of the _Salon_, and

secured the admission of Claude Lantier’s picture _L’Enfant Mort_. He

made large sums of money, in the spending of which he was assisted by

Irma Becot. L’Oeuvre.

FANNY (MADEMOISELLE), a work-girl in the neighbourhood of Octave

Mouret’s shop, who was sent there by her employer to match some merinos.

Au Bonheur des Dames.

FAUCHERY (LEON), a journalist and dramatic author, who wrote a piece

for the Theatre des Varietes called _La Petite Duchesse_. After numerous

liaisons he became for a time the lover of Comtesse Sabine Muffat, and

under the pressure of Comte Muffat was forced to give to Nana a leading

part in _La Petite Duchesse_. Fauchery’s liaison with the Comtesse

Muffat merely interrupted for a time one of older standing with Rose

Mignon, whose husband appeared to be content with the position of

major-domo in a _menage a trois_. Nana.

FAUCHEUR (LE PERE) kept at Bennecourt a small country inn much

frequented by artists. In connection with the tavern he carried on a

small business in groceries. After the death of the Faucheurs the inn

was carried on by their niece Melie. L’Oeuvre.

FAUCHEUR (LA MERE), wife of the preceding. She was a daughter of old

Poirette. L’Oeuvre.

FAUCONNIER (MADAME), carried on a laundry business in Paris, and gave

employment to Gervaise Macquart after her desertion by Lantier. She

continued on friendly terms with Gervaise after the latter’s marriage

to Coupeau, at which she was present. When drink had brought about

the Coupeaus’ ruin, Madame Fauconnier again took Gervaise into her

employment, giving her work until her increasing carelessness and

intemperance made her dismissal necessary. L’Assommoir.

FAUCONNIER (VICTOR), the young son of Madame Fauconnier. He was an idle

scamp about four years older than Nana Coupeau, and was her constant

playfellow and companion in all kinds of mischief. L’Assommoir.

Nana, in talking over with Satin the events of her childhood, referred

to Victor as a youth who had always shown vicious tendencies. Nana.

FAUJAS (ABBE), a priest of Besancon who, having got into some trouble

there, was sent to Plassans by the Government with the view of

undermining the political influence of the clergy, who were strongly

Legitimist in their views. At Plassans he took up his residence, along

with his mother, in the house of Francois Mouret. At first he kept

entirely in the background, but assisted by Madame Mouret, who had

fallen in love with him, and by Madame Felicite Rougon, acting under

instructions from her son Eugene, the Minister of State, Faujas soon

began to make himself felt in Plassans. He appeared to take no interest

in politics, but little by little he gained power, until “the conquest

of Plassans” was accomplished and a supporter of the Government was

elected as deputy. Meantime his influence over Madame Mouret had become

complete, and he had practically taken possession of the Mourets’ house,

his sister and her husband, as well as his mother, living there with

him. Thrust aside and neglected, Francois Mouret was wrongfully removed

to the asylum at Les Tulettes, where confinement soon unhinged his

not over-strong intellect. The Abbe now became even more arrogant, and

Madame Mouret was barely tolerated in her own house. Ultimately Francois

Mouret escaped from the asylum, and returning by night to his home,

set fire to it; along with him, the Abbe Faujas and all his relations

perished in the flames. La Conquete de Plassans.

FAUJAS (MADAME), mother of the preceding. She accompanied the Abbe to

Plassans and took up house with him there. Absolutely devoted to her

son, she made herself his slave, and sacrificed everything and every one

to his interests. It was largely through her that the gradual ousting of

the Mourets from their own home became possible; and to accomplish her

ends she stopped short at nothing; seldom speaking, but always watching,

she was ready to grasp each opportunity as it arose. Retribution came

with the escape of Francois Mouret from the asylum, and Madame Faujas

perished along with the other members of her family in the conflagration

raised by him. La Conquete de Plassans.

FAUJAS (OLYMPE). See Madame Olympe Trouche.

FAUQUENOIX, an associate of Baron Desrumaux in the department of the

mines of Montsou. Germinal.

FAUVELLE, a sugar-refinery at Montsou, which suffered on account of the

strike of miners. Germinal.

FAVIER, a salesman in the silk department of “The Ladies’ Paradise.”

He had for some reason an ill-will towards Denise Baudu and spread

scandalous stories about her. Henri Deloche, her friend, hearing him do

so on one occasion, threw a glass of wine in his face. Au Bonheur des

Dames.

FAYEUX, a collector of rents at Vendome. He did business in connection

with Busch, and also with La Mechain, whose cousin he was said to be. He

speculated on the bourse through Mazaud, and after the downfall of

the Universal Bank it was found that he had embezzled large sums from

persons employing him. L’Argent.

FENIL (ABBE), head of the theological seminary at Plassans. He was a

keen ecclesiastic, with strong Legitimist principles, and from the first

took up a position antagonistic to Abbe Faujas. Having great influence

with the Bishop of Plassans, he was for some time able to prevent Faujas

from receiving preferment; a hint from Government, however, caused the

Bishop to change his views, and Abbe Fenil was for the time routed. It

was suspected that he ultimately induced Antoine Macquart to plan the

escape of Francois Mouret from the asylum at Les Tulettes; an escape

which led to the death of Abbe Faujas. La Conquete de Plassans.

FERAUD-GIRAUD FRERES, a firm of ship-owners who joined the great

transport syndicate formed by Aristide Saccard. L’Argent.

FERNAND, a student of chemistry with Combette at Chene Populeux. He

was a cowardly lad, whom fear of the Prussians drove into a fever. La

Debacle.

FERNANDE, a chorus-girl at the Theatre des Varietes. Nana.

FETU (MERE), an old woman whom Helene Grandjean visited at the request

of Abbe Jouve. At her house Helen frequently met Dr. Deberle, who was

attending her professionally at the same time. Below this house was the

flat taken by M. Malignon, who had appointed Mere Fetu caretaker, and

it was through her that Helene came to know of the assignation between

Malignon and Madame Deberle. Une Page d’Amour.

FIFI, the sobriquet of Fanny Menu, q.v. Pot-Bouille.

FINE, the sobriquet of Josephine Gavaudan. La Fortune des Rougon.

FINET (ARISTIDE), the founder of the drapery business known as the

_Vieil Elbeuf_, in Paris. He was the father-in-law and predecessor of

Hauchecorne. Au Bonheur des Dames.

FINET (DESIREE), daughter of the preceding. She married Hauchecorne, her

father’s principal salesman, who carried on the business. Au Bonheur des

Dames.

FINET, a doctor of medicine who resided at Cloyes. He was disgusted by

the brutality of his patients, whom he accused of always sending for him

when it was too late. His indifference became such that he did not make

any inquiries about the death of Rose Fouan, whose end was hastened by

her son Buteau, or that of Pere Fouan, who was burned alive. La Terre.

FIRMIN, chief huntsman to Napoleon III at Compiegne. Son Excellence

Eugene Rougon.

FLAMINIO, the Comtesse Balbi’s man-servant, “with a face like a

brigand’s, and a long black beard.” Son Excellence Eugene Rougon.

FLEUR D’EPINE, a celebrated chief of brigands who preceded

Beau-Francois. La Terre.

FLEURANCE, a putter in the Voreux pit who worked along with the Maheus.

She was found dead in her bed, and the vacancy created in the pit was

filled by Etienne Lantier. Germinal.

FLORE, the elder daughter of Madame Misard (Aunt Phasie). After illness

rendered her mother unfit for work, Flore replaced her as gatekeeper at

the railway crossing at Croix-de-Maufras. She was a tall and strong girl

of eighteen, with a magnificent head of fair hair; disdainful of the

male, she had thrashed at least one would-be lover. When she was quite

little she had loved Jacques Lantier, and now it was to him alone she

would have given herself. Jacques did not care for her, however, and she

came to know that he had a mistress, Severine Roubaud. Convinced of

her own right to be loved, for she was stronger and handsomer than the

other, the girl was tortured by jealousy; and each Friday, as she saw

the express rush past, bearing the two lovers to Paris, was seized

with an imperious desire to end everything, and by causing their death

prevent them from passing any more. She accordingly brought about a

terrible railway accident, in which a large number of persons were

killed; but the crime was useless, for Severine and Jacques escaped with

trifling injuries. The thought that Jacques knew her guilt, and must in

future regard her as a monster, rendered life hateful to Flore, and to

meet death she set out on a walk of heroic determination through the

tunnel of Malaunay, allowing herself to be cut in pieces by an express

train. La Bete Humaine.

FLORENCE, an actress at the variety theatres. Marsy offered her a

valuable house. Son Excellence Eugene Rougon.

Pauline Letellier met her one day on the boulevards accompanied by

Malignon. Juliette Deberle, who was a little jealous, assured her that

Florence was at least forty and very plain-looking. Une Page d’Amour.

FLORENT, elder son of a widow who took as her second husband M. Quenu,

who, however, died three years later, leaving a son. Florent was a

gentle, studious youth, and his mother lavished all her affection on

him, dying in the end from hardships endured in her struggle to keep

him at college in Paris. After her death Florent took young Quenu,

his half-brother, to live with him in Paris, giving up all thought of

continuing to attend the Law School, and taking pupils in order to find

means of sustenance. Years of hardship followed, and Florent became

imbued with Republican ideas. Two days after the _Coup d’Etat_ of 1851,

while the military were firing on the mob in the Boulevard Montmartre,

he was knocked down and stunned. When he recovered, he found that he was

lying beside the body of a young woman, whose blood had oozed from her

wounds on to his hands. He was horrified at the sight, and rushed away

to join a party of men who were throwing up barricades in an adjoining

street. Worn out with fatigue, he fell asleep, and on awakening found

himself in the hands of the police. His hands were still stained with

the blood of the young woman, and the authorities assumed that he was a

dangerous character. The semblance of a trial followed; he was condemned

and transported to Cayenne. After incredible hardships and sufferings,

he escaped and returned to France. Famished and exhausted, he tramped

towards Paris, and had fallen in a faint on the road when he was

overtaken by Madame Francois, who took him the rest of the journey on

her cart. During his long absence his brother Quenu had at first been

taken in by Gradelle, a brother of his mother, to whose business of

pork-butcher he ultimately succeeded. Florent on his return from exile

was warmly received by his brother and Madame Quenu, who told him that

Gradelle, his uncle, had died, leaving a considerable sum, and that as

there was no will he was entitled to a half-share. He refused to accept

this, but agreed to live with the Quenus. This arrangement answered

well at first, but Madame Quenu got tired of seeing him always about the

house, and let him see that he must secure employment. After some time

he got an appointment as deputy inspector at the Fish Market. He was

introduced by Gavard to a small revolutionary circle which met nightly

in a cafe kept by M. Lebigre, and of which he soon became the leader.

Meantime, Mlle. Saget, who from a chance word of Pauline, the little

daughter of Quenu, had learned Florent’s past history, spread the story

in the markets, and a strong feeling was awakened against him. His

sister-in-law, Lisa, alarmed lest her husband should be compromised by

the revolutionary conspiracy, thought it her duty to inform the police.

She learned, however, that Florent’s history had all along been known,

Lebigre being a police spy, and that only a favourable opportunity was

being awaited to arrest the whole gang of conspirators. The blow fell

soon afterwards, and Florent was again sentenced to transportation to

Cayenne. Le Ventre de Paris.

FLORY was born at Saintes, his father being employed in the local

registry office. He came to Paris and entered the office of Mazaud, the

stockbroker. At first he did his duties well, but was soon led astray

and got into debt. Having started speculation on his own account, he

became deeply involved in the Universal bank, and on the failure of that

concern was left with a liability of a hundred thousand francs, to

meet which he had not a single sou. Subsequently he was arrested

and imprisoned for embezzling a large sum from Mazaud, his employer.

L’Argent.

FONTAN (ACHILLE), an actor at the Theatre des Varietes who played parts

in _La Blonde Venus_ and _La Petite Duchesse_. He became for a time the

lover of Nana, but treated her so abominably that she left him. Nana.

FONTENAILLES (MLLE. DE), was descended from an aristocratic family, but

was in great poverty when a situation was found for her in “The

Ladies’ Paradise” through the influence of Madame Desforges. She proved

incapable of anything but the most menial work, and ultimately married

Joseph, one of the porters in the establishment. Au Bonheur des Dames.

FOUAN, alias BUTEAU. See Buteau.

FOUAN (FANNY). See Madame Delhomme.

FOUAN (HYACINTHE), the elder son of Pere Fouan and Rose Maliverne, his

wife. He was an idler and drunkard, who, when he had left the army,

after having seen service in Africa, had taken to tramp the fields,

refusing to do any regular work, but living by theft and poaching, as

though he were still looting a trembling nation of Bedouins. Withal

there looked out of his fine, sunken eyes a merriment that was not

altogether evil, the open heart of good-humoured drunkenness. He lived

with his daughter in a ruined hut amongst some rocks near Rognes. After

the division of land by his father, Hyacinthe soon mortgaged his share

and drank the proceeds, never paying to his parents any part of the

rent which had been agreed upon. For a time he sheltered his father,

but frightened the old man by searching for some bonds which he had

concealed. He had, however, neither the cold rapacity of his sister

Fanny nor the murderous instincts of his brother Buteau. La Terre.

FOUAN (JOSEPH CASIMIR), the father of Marianne, Louis, Michel, and

Laure. Born in 1766, he belonged to a family of peasant proprietors

which for centuries had owned land, in varying quantities, in

the neighbourhood of Rognes. They were originally serfs of the

Roques-Bouqueval family. Bit by bit they acquired their land, until,

when the Revolution of 1789 arrived, the Fouan of that day, Joseph

Casimir, was the owner of twenty-one acres--the conquest of four

centuries from the seigneurial territory. When, in 1793, the rest of the

estate was declared national property and sold in lots by auction,

he was too timid to purchase any, and had the mortification to see La

Borderie sold to Isidore Hourdequin, a citizen of Chateaudun, for a

fifth of its value. When he became old he divided his twenty-one acres

between three of his family, Marianne, Louis, and Michel, and gave a

corresponding sum of money to his younger daughter Laure, who had been

brought up as a sempstress and was in service at Chateaudun. La Terre.

FOUAN (LAURE), younger daughter of the preceding. See Madame Charles

Badeuil.

FOUAN (LOUIS), known as Pere Fouan. He was the son of Joseph Casimir

Fouan, and married Rose Maliverne, by whom he had three children,

Hyacinthe, Buteau, and Fanny. He received seven acres of land from

his father, and his wife brought him twelve acres more. This land

he cultivated well, and with a passion for the soil, as such, which

amounted to frenzy. It alone had his love, and his wife and children

trembled before him under a rude despotism. At seventy years of age

he was still healthy, but his limbs were failing, and he reluctantly

decided to divide his land between his children. He retained his

house and garden, which had come to him with his wife, and his family

undertook to pay him a rent for the land handed over to them. Upon this,

along with a nest-egg of three hundred francs per annum, known to no

one, the old people would be able to live comfortably. The division

made, the family soon became rapacious; Hyacinthe never paid anything,

Buteau only a part, and Delhomme, Fanny’s husband, alone fulfilled his

obligation. Mere Fouan died, and the old man lived alone for a year;

after that he went to his daughter Fanny Delhomme, but her unkindness

made his life miserable, and he accepted in turn the hospitality of his

two sons, Buteau and Hyacinthe, both of whom had come to suspect the

existence of his nest-egg and were anxious to secure it. In this sordid

aim Buteau was eventually successful, and his subsequent treatment of

the old man was even more infamous than it had been before. From this

time Pere Fouan lived in isolation; he spoke to none and looked at none;

as far as appearances went, he might have been blind and dumb. But even

worse was to follow. He had seen the assault on Francoise Mouche which

resulted in her death, and to ensure his silence he was murdered by

Buteau and Lise, his son and daughter-in-law, who attempted to suffocate

him, and subsequently burned him alive in his bed. La Terre.

FOUAN (MADAME ROSE), wife of the preceding, nee Maliverne. She worked on

the farm like a man, rising first and going to bed last, her only reward

being that she had lived. Stupid, and reduced by labour to the level of

an animal, she had always trembled before the despotic authority of her

husband. She brought up her family without love, and as if she resented

their requiring even the simple necessaries of life. She did not

long survive the division of land by her husband. Her favouritism for

Hyacinthe, her elder son, excited the jealousy of Buteau, who in the

course of a quarrel threw her to the ground, when she received such

injuries that she died a few hours afterwards. La Terre.

FOUAN (MARIANNE). See La Grande.

FOUAN (MICHEL). See Pere Mouche.

FOUAN (OLYMPE), daughter of Hyacinthe. Her mother, who was a tramp, ran

off when the child was three years old, leaving her to grow up as best

she could. She was passionately fond of geese, of which she had a large

flock. When little more than a child, she had as her lovers Delphin Becu

and Nenesse Delhomme. La Terre.

FOUCARMONT, a naval officer who in ten years saved some money which he

proposed to invest in the United States. He fell into the hands of Nana,

however, and was soon completely ruined. When she turned him out of

doors penniless, she merely advised him to go back to his ship. He was

drowned later in the China seas. Nana.

FOUCART, the owner of a cheap restaurant frequented by Jory, Mahoudeau,

and their band. L’Oeuvre.

FOUCART (MADAME), the nurse who attended Sidonie Rougon at the birth

of Angelique and left the child at the foundling hospital. She assisted

Sidonie both by taking her into her house and lending her money, but

when Madame Foucart herself fell into difficulties Sidonie did nothing

for her, not even paying back what she owed. It was from Madame Foucart

that Hubert subsequently got information regarding the parentage of

Angelique. Le Reve.

FOUCHARD, father of Honore Fouchard, and uncle, on the mother’s side, of

Henriette and Maurice Levasseur. He was a small farmer at Remilly, who

to make money more quickly took up the trade of butcher also. Avaricious

to the last degree, and with a nature of unpitying hardness, he opposed

the marriage of Honore with his servant Silvine Morange. At the end of

two years of waiting Honore went off, after a terrible scene with his

father, though the old man still kept the girl, with whom he was

well pleased. When the French troops were marching to Sedan, Fouchard

concealed all the animals on his farm, burying even his supply of bread

and wine, in the hope of being able to sell to better advantage later

on. The death of his son, who was killed in the battle, cost him a few

tears, but he was quickly consoled by some good purchases of horses

stolen from the battlefield. He took Prosper Sambuc as farm-worker,

because the soldier, being liable to imprisonment by the Prussians,

could not ask him for any wages. He began to do a considerable trade

in butcher-meat with the conquering army, selling them all the diseased

animals that he could secure. A suspicion of being concerned in the

death of Goliath Steinberg led to his arrest, but he was released soon

afterwards, thanks to the intervention of Captain von Gartlauben, a

friend of the Delaherches. La Debacle.

FOUCHARD (HONORE), only son of the preceding. At twenty years of age, in

1867, he drew a good number for the conscription, but on account of

the opposition of his father to his marriage with Silvine Morange, he

enlisted, and was sent to Africa, in the artillery. When he heard that

Silvine had become the mistress of Goliath Steinberg he became so

ill that he had to remain in hospital for three months. He afterwards

received a letter from Silvine saying that she had never loved any one

but him, and when passing through Remilly on his way to the front, he

saw her and forgave everything. His battery was among those which on 1st

September, 1870, defended the Calvary d’Illy, but was cut to pieces by

the terrible fire of the Prussians. Honore was killed, and fell

across his gun, firmly grasping the letter from Silvine, which in his

death-struggle he had drawn from his bosom. La Debacle.

FOUGERAY (MADEMOISELLE DE), eldest daughter of the Baronne de Fougeray.

She entered a convent, because it was said, a young man with whom she

was in love had died. The event created much talk in all classes of

society in Paris. Nana.

FOUQUE (ADELAIDE), generally known as Aunt Dide, the common ancestress

of the Rougon-Macquarts, born at Plassans in 1768, was the last

representative of a family who had owned a market-garden there for

several generations. “This girl, whose father died insane, was a long,

lank, pale creature, with a scared look and strange gait.” In 1786,

six months after the death of her father, she married one of her own

workmen, named Rougon, “a rough-hewn peasant from the Basses Alpes.”

Rougon died fifteen months after his marriage, leaving a son named

Pierre. Scarcely a year had elapsed before the widow took as her lover a

man named Macquart, who lived in a hovel adjoining her own property, and

two children were born. The legitimate son, Pierre Rougon, was brought

up along with his half brother and sister, Antoine and Ursule, with

whom, however, he was not on good terms. From her eighteenth year

Adelaide was subject to nervous fits, which brought on convulsions, and

though she was not yet insane, these repeated shocks produced cerebral

disorders. “She lived from day to day like a child; like a fawning

animal yielding to its instincts.” These conditions continued for about

twenty years, till the death of Macquart, and the children grew up as

best they could. By this time Pierre realized the situation, and playing

upon his mother’s mental weakness, he brought her completely under

his sway. On the death of Macquart, Adelaide went to live in the

hovel bequeathed to her by him, and Pierre sold the family property,

appropriating the price. Living at first entirely alone, her intellect

became more and more affected by the recurring convulsive fits.

Subsequently her grandson Silvere Mouret lived with her, but after

his execution, of which she was a witness, she became quite insane. La

Fortune des Rougon.

She was always under restraint, and remained a living sore to the

family. The little property which belonged to her son Antoine Macquart

was close to the asylum where she was confined, and Pierre Rougon seemed

to have placed him there to look after her. Adelaide seldom spoke,

and for twelve years had never moved from her chair. La Conquete de

Plassans.

At 104 years old she was still living in the asylum at Les Tulettes.

She was little better than a skeleton, and in her long, thin face it

was only in the eyes that there was any sign of life. Immovable in her

chair, she remained from year to year like a spectre, calling up the

horrors of her family history. A sudden accident, the death of little

Charles Saccard from nasal hemorrhage, wakened in her sleeping brain

recollections of years before; she saw again the murder of Silvere,

killed by a pistol-shot, and she saw also her lover Macquart, the

smuggler, killed like a dog by the gendarmes. The shock proved too much

for her feeble strength, and she died the following day (in 1873), aged

105 years, three months, and seven days. Le Docteur Pascal.

FOUSSET (LE PERE), tenant of the farm of Millouard, in the Canton

of Orgeres. He was a victim of the band of brigands commanded by

Beau-Francois. La Terre.

FRANCHOMME (LOUIS), a cousin of Francoise Hamelin and her brother, with

whom he went to reside for a time when recovering from a fever. His

wife having become fond of Angelique Marie, who lived at that time with

Francoise Hamelin, he obtained permission to take her to Paris, where

she could be taught the trade of making flowers. Unfortunately, however,

he died three months later. Le Reve.

FRANCHOMME (THERESE), wife of the preceding. After the death of her

husband, she, being in delicate health, was obliged to leave the city

and go to live with her brother Rabier, a tanner, who was settled at

Beaumont. She died a few months afterwards, leaving to the care of the

Rabiers the child Angelique, whom she had brought with her from Paris.

Le Reve.

FRANCIS, the hairdresser of Nana. He was in the habit of lending money

to his customers, and on one occasion he found, with the assistance of

Labordette, a hundred thousand francs for Comte Muffat, who required the

money for Nana. Nana.

FRANCIS, coachman to the Gregoires. He also did the heavy work of the

household. Germinal.

FRANCOIS, a wine-merchant whose shop was situated at the corner of Rue

des Poissonniers and of Rue de la Goutte d’Or. Coupeau frequently spent

whole days there. L’Assommoir.

FRANCOIS, concierge and footman in Nana’s establishment. He was the

husband of Victorine, the cook. He received visitors in the hall,

wearing a gorgeous livery. Nana.

FRANCOIS (MADAME), a market-gardener of Nanterre. She drove regularly

to Paris in the early morning with her vegetables, and on one occasion

found Florent lying on the road from want and exhaustion. She took him

to town in her cart, and subsequently showed kindness to him and Claude

Lantier. Le Ventre de Paris.

FRANCOISE, housemaid to Madame Theophile Vabre. Pot-Bouille.

FRANCOISE, the servant of M. and Madame Sandoz in their little house in

Rue Nollet. L’Oeuvre.

FRANGIPANE, a horse which belonged to Baron Verdier and ran in the Grand

Prix de Paris. Nana.

FREDERICK (MADAME), a widow who held the position of “second hand” in

the dress department of “The Ladies’ Paradise.” Au Bonheur des Dames.

FIRMAT, an old peasant of Rognes who was a neighbour of Mouche. He

became paralysed. La Terre.

FIRMAT (LA), wife of the preceding. She was well known in the village

for her knowledge of animals, and was frequently consulted when it

would otherwise have been necessary to call in a veterinary surgeon. She

worked hard to support her invalid husband, to whom she was devoted, and

wept at the thought that he was soon to die. La Terre.

GABET (MERE), an old woman who assisted the Huberts with their washing.

She became ill, and being in great poverty, was assisted by Angelique,

and later by Felicien. Le Reve.

GAGA, an elderly _demi-mondaine_ who had flourished in the reign of

Louis Philippe, and was still notorious in the Second Empire. She had

a daughter named Lili, who became the mistress of the Marquis Chouard.

Nana.

GAGEBOIS, glass-works at Montsou. The strike of miners led to the fires

being extinguished. Germinal.

GAGNIERE, an artist, one of the band of Claude Lantier. He belonged to

Melun, where his well-to-do parents, who were both dead, had left him

two houses; and he had learned painting, unassisted, in the forest

of Fontainebleau. His landscapes were conscientious and excellent in

intent, but his real passion was music. Becoming more and more engrossed

in this, he took lessons in playing the piano from a middle-aged lady

whom he married soon afterwards. He established himself at Melun in one

of his two houses, going to Paris two or three times a month to attend a

concert, and he continued to exhibit each year at the _Salon_ one of his

little studies of the banks of the Seine. L’Oeuvre.

GALISSARD, a haberdasher of Plassans, whose daughter married Professor

Lalubie. She was a pretty girl to whom Claude Lantier and Sandoz used to

sing serenades.

GARCONNET, a Legitimist who was Mayor of Plassans at the time of the

_Coup d’Etat_. He was taken prisoner by the insurgents. La Fortune des

Rougon.

GARTLAUBEN (VON), captain in the Prussian Army. During the occupation of

Sedan he was billeted on Delaherche. He was a person of some importance,

as his uncle had been made Governor-General at Rheims, and exercised

sovereign power over the district. Fascinated by Gilberte Delaherche,

his chief wish was to be taken for a man of refinement, and not for

a barbarous soldier. He was able to render some services to the

Delaherches, and to make the Prussian occupation easier for them. La

Debacle.

GASC, proprietor of a racing-stable. One of his horses, named Boum, ran

in the Grand Prix de Paris. Nana.

GASPARINE, a tall, handsome girl of Plassans, with whom Achille

Campardon fell in love. She had no money, however, and he married her

cousin Rose Domergue, who had a dowry of thirty thousand francs. Tears

and recriminations followed, and Gasparine went to Paris, where for some

time she had a situation in the shop of Madame Hedouin. Madame Campardon

having fallen into ill-health, her husband returned to his first love,

and a liaison existed between him and Gasparine for a considerable

time. Ultimately she went to live with the Campardons, and managed their

household affairs. Pot-Bouille.

GASTON was the son of a general, and was the same age as the Prince

Imperial, though much stronger than he. The Emperor frequently made

inquiries regarding the child. Son Excellence Eugene Rougon.

GAUDE, bugler in the 106th regiment of the line. “He was a big, skinny,

sorrowful, taciturn man, without a hair on his chin, and blew his

instrument with the lungs of a whirlwind.” On the 1st September, during

the defence of the Hermitage, he became seized with the madness of

heroism, and continued to blow after his comrades had been slain and

until he himself was shot down. La Debacle.

GAUDIBERT (ISIDORE), Mayor of Barbeville since 1850, wrote some poetry

on political subjects, and was decorated by the Minister of State,

Eugene Rougon. Son Excellence Eugene Rougon.

GAUDRON, husband of Madame Gaudron. He was described as having the

sluggishness of a beast. L’Assommoir.

GAUDRON (MADAME), a wool-carder who lived with her husband and their

large family in the same tenement-house as the Coupeaus and the

Lorilleux. She was one of the guests at the Coupeaus’ wedding.

L’Assommoir.

GAUDRON FILS, the eldest child of the Gaudrons, was a journeyman

carpenter. L’Assommoir.

GAUJEAN (M.), a silk manufacturer of Lyons who was dissatisfied with

the monopoly created by the large establishments, such as that of Octave

Mouret, and thought it could be broken by the creation of special shops

in the neighbourhood, where the public could find a large and varied

choice of articles. With this object he assisted Robineau to purchase

Vincard’s business by giving him credit to a large amount; the scheme

was not successful, and he lost heavily. Au Bonheur des Dames.

GAUTIER, a wine-grower at Saint-Eutrope, with whom Francois Mouret had

dealings at one time. La Conquete de Plassans.

GAVARD, originally kept a rotisserie or poultry-roasting establishment

in the Rue Saint-Jacques, at which time he became acquainted with

Florent and Quenu. In 1856 he retired from this business, and to amuse

himself took a stall in the poultry-market. “Thenceforth he lived amidst

ceaseless tittle-tattle, acquainted with every little scandal in the

neighbourhood.” Gavard was a leading spirit in the revolutionary circle

which met in Lebigre’s wine-shop, and was the means of bringing Florent

to attend the meetings there. He was arrested at the same time as

Florent and was transported. Le Ventre de Paris.

GAVAUDAN (JOSEPHINE), a market-woman of Plassans who married Antoine

Macquart in 1826. She was much addicted to drink, but worked in order to

keep her husband in idleness. She died in 1850. La Fortune des Rougon.

GEDEON, an ass which belonged to Mouche. It was very mischievous, and

on one occasion got access to a vat of new wine, with the result that it

became extremely drunk. La Terre.

GEORGES, a young man whose acquaintance Renee Saccard made by chance

while walking one day on the Quai Saint-Paul. Her fancy for him passed

without her ever having asked his family name. La Curee.

GERALDINE, a character in _La Petite Duchesse_, played by Clarisse

Besnus at the Theatre des Varietes. It was originally intended that the

part should be played by Nana. Nana.

GILQUIN (THEODORE), a lodger at Madame Correur’s hotel at the same

time as Eugene Rougon and Du Poizat. A man of shady character, he was

frequently employed by Rougon, and by a fortunate accident was able to

give him warning of the Orsini plot against the life of the Emperor. He

was rewarded with the appointment of Commissary of Police at Niort. On

the order of Rougon, he arrested Martineau, Madame Correur’s brother. He

was removed from his position on account of having compromised himself

by taking a bribe to procure a conscript exemption from service. Son

Excellence Eugene Rougon.

GIRAUD (TATA) kept at Plassans a boarding-school for children, where the

sculptor Mahoudeau had known Pierre Sandoz and other comrades who met

later in Paris. L’Oeuvre.

GODARD (ABBE), cure of Bazoches-le-Doyen. The authorities of Rognes,

which was in his parish, refused to provide for a priest of their own,

and Abbe Godard, in order to perform Mass, had to walk each Sunday the

three kilometres which separated the two communes. He was a short,

stout man of hasty temper, who was disgusted with the indifference and

irreligion of his parishioners, and his services were the shortest and

baldest possible. In spite of his temper, he had, however, a passion for

the miserable, and to these he gave everything--his money, his linen,

almost the clothes off his back. La Terre.

GODEBOEUF, a seller of herbs who occupied the shop in Rue Pirouette

which formerly belonged to Gradelle, the pork-butcher. Le Ventre de

Paris.

GODEMARD, a pupil of Dequersonniere, the architect. See Gorju. L’Oeuvre.

GOMARD, the keeper of a working-man’s cafe in Rue de la Femme-sans-Tete,

under the sign _Au Chien de Montargis_. Claude Lantier occasionally took

his meals there. L’Oeuvre.

GONIN, a family of fisher-folks who lived at Bonneville. It consisted of

Gonin, his wife, and one little girl. A cousin of the wife, named Cuche,

came to live with them after his house had been washed away by the sea.

Gonin soon after fell into bad health, and his wife and Cuche treated

him so badly that the police talked of an inquiry. Pauline Quenu tried

to reform the little girl, who had been allowed to grow up wild. La Joie

de Vivre.

GORJU, a pupil of Dequersonniere, and himself a future architect. On one

of the walls of the studio one could read this brief statement: “The 7th

June, Gorju has said that he cared nothing for Rome. Signed, Godemard.”

L’Oeuvre.

GOUJET, a blacksmith from the Departement du Nord, who came to Paris and

got employment in a manufactory of bolts. “Behind the silent quietude

of his life lay buried a great sorrow: his father in a moment of drunken

madness had killed a fellow-workman with a crowbar, and after arrest had

hanged himself in his cell with a pocket-handkerchief.” Goujet and his

mother, who lived with him, always seemed to feel this horror weighing

upon them, and did their best to redeem it by strict uprightness. “He

was a giant of twenty-three, with rosy cheeks and blue eyes, and the

strength of a Hercules. In the workshop he was known as Gueule d’Or,

on account of his yellow beard. With his square head, his heavy frame,

torpid after the hard work at the anvil, he was like a great animal,

dull of intellect and good of heart.” For a time the Coupeaus were

his neighbours, and he came to love Gervaise with a perfectly innocent

affection, which survived all disillusionments, and subsisted up to the

time of her death. It was he who lent her money to start a laundry, and

afterwards repeatedly assisted her when in difficulties. L’Assommoir.

GOUJET (MADAME), mother of the preceding, was a lace-mender, and lived

with her son in part of the house first occupied by the Coupeaus. She

showed much kindness to them, though she was distressed by her son’s

infatuation for Gervaise, and did not altogether approve of his lending

her money to start a laundry. Notwithstanding this, she continued to

assist Gervaise until neglect of work entrusted made it impossible to do

so longer. She died in October, 1868, of acute rheumatism. L’Assommoir.

GOURAUD (BARON), was made a Baron by Napoleon I, and was a Senator under

Napoleon III. “With his vast bulk, his bovine face, his elephantine

movements, he boasted a delightful rascality; he sold himself

majestically, and committed the greatest infamies in the name of duty

and conscience.” La Curee.

GOURD (M.), at one time valet to the Duc de Vaugelade, and afterwards

doorkeeper in the tenement-house in Rue de Choiseul which belonged to M.

Vabre, and was occupied by the Campardons, the Josserands, and others.

He spent much of his time spying on the tenants, and posed as guardian

of the morals of the establishment. Pot-Bouille.

GOURD (MADAME), wife of the preceding. She was the widow of a bailiff at

Mort-la-Ville, and she and her present husband owned a house there. She

was exceedingly stout, and suffered from an affection of the legs which

prevented her from walking. Pot-Bouille.

GRADELLE, brother of Madame Quenu, senr., and uncle of Florent and

Quenu. He was a prosperous pork-butcher in Paris, and after Florent’s

arrest he took young Quenu into his business. He died suddenly,

without leaving a will, and Quenu succeeded to the business, and to

a considerable sum of money which was found hidden at the bottom of a

salting-tub. Le Ventre de Paris.

GRAND-DRAGON (LE), one of the band of brigands led by Beau-Francois. La

Terre.

GRANDE (LA), elder daughter of Joseph Casimir Fouan, and sister of Pere

Fouan, Michel Mouche, and Laure Badeuil. Married to a neighbour, Antoine

Pechard, she brought to him seven acres of land against eighteen which

he had of his own. Early left a widow, she turned out her only daughter,

who, against her mother’s will, wished to marry a poor lad named Vincent

Bouteroue. The girl and her husband died of want, leaving two children,

Palmyre and Hilarion, whom their grandmother refused to assist. At

eighty years of age, respected and feared by the Fouan family, not for

her age but for her fortune, she exacted the obedience of all, and still

directed the management of her land. She bitterly reproached her brother

Louis for dividing his property between his children, and warned him

that he need not come to her when they had turned him into the street, a

threat which she carried into effect. She took delight in the squabbles

of the Fouan family, exciting their cupidity by promising them a share

of her property at her death. Meantime she made a will which was so

complicated that she hoped it would lead to endless lawsuits amongst her

heirs. La Terre.

GRANDGUILLOT, a notary at Plassans. He embezzled large sums belonging

to his clients, among whom was Dr. Pascal Rougon, and thereafter fled to

Switzerland. Le Docteur Pascal.

GRANDJEAN (M.), son of a sugar-refiner of Marseilles. He fell in love

with Helene Mouret, a young girl of great beauty, but without fortune;

his friends bitterly opposed the match, and a secret marriage followed,

the young couple finding it difficult to make ends meet, till the

death of an uncle brought them ten thousand francs a year. By this time

Grandjean had taken an intense dislike for Marseilles, and decided to

remove to Paris. The day after his arrival there he was seized with

illness, and eight days later he died, leaving his wife with one

daughter, a young girl of ten. Une Page d’Amour.

GRANDJEAN (MADAME HELENE), wife of the preceding. See Helene Mouret.

GRANDJEAN (JEANNE), born 1842, was the daughter of M. Grandjean and

Helene Mouret, his wife. She inherited much of the neurosis of her

mother’s family along with a consumptive tendency derived from her

father, and from an early age had been subject to fits and other nervous

attacks. One of these illnesses, more sudden and severe than usual,

caused her mother to summon Doctor Deberle, and thus led to an intimacy

which had disastrous results. Jeanne’s jealous affection for her mother

amounted almost to a mania, and when she came to suspect that Dr.

Deberle had become in a sense her rival, she worked herself into such

a nervous state that she exposed herself to a chill, and having become

seriously ill, died in a few days, at the age of thirteen. Une Page

d’Amour.

GRANDMORIN (LE PRESIDENT), one of the directors of the Western Railway

Company. “Born in 1804, substitute at Digne on the morrow of the events

in 1830, then at Fontainebleau, then at Paris, he had afterwards filled

the posts of procurator at Troyes, advocate-general at Rennes, and

finally first president at Rouen. A multi-millionaire, he had been

member of the County Council since 1855, and on the day he retired he

had been made Commander of the Legion of Honour.” He owned a mansion

at Paris in Rue du Rocher, and often resided with his sister, Madame

Bonnehon, at Doinville. His private life was not unattended by scandal,

and his relations with Louisette, the younger daughter of Madame Misard,

led to her death. A somewhat similar connection with Severine Aubry,

a ward of his own, had less immediately serious consequences, as

he arranged for her marriage to Roubaud, an employee of the railway

company, whom he took under his protection. Three years later Roubaud

learned the truth by chance, and murdered Grandmorin in the Havre

express between Malaunay and Barentin. The President left a fortune of

over three and a half million francs, among other legacies being one

to Severine Roubaud of the mansion-house of Croix-de-Maufras. La Bete

Humaine.

GRANDMORIN (BERTHE), daughter of the preceding, was the wife of a

magistrate, M. de Lachesnaye. She was a narrow-minded and avaricious

woman, who affected ignorance of her father’s real character, and the

influence of her husband tended to increase her meanness. After the

murder of President Grandmorin, when vague suspicions fell on Roubaud,

Berthe took up a position antagonistic to her old play-fellow Severine

Roubaud, in the hope that a legacy left by Grandmorin to her would be

cut down. La Bete Humaine.

GRANDSIRE (M.), the justice of peace who assisted the Huberts in making

the necessary arrangements for their adoption of Angelique. Le Reve.

GRANOUX (ISIDORE), one of the group of conservatives who met in Pierre

Rougon’s yellow room to declaim against the Republic. La Fortune des

Rougon.

GRAS (MADAME), an old lady living in the Rue des Orties, who boarded and

lodged young children for a small sum. When Denise Baudu got a situation

in “The Ladies’ Paradise,” she put her young brother Pepe under the

charge of Madame Gras for a time. Au Bonheur des Dames.

GREGOIRE (CECILE), daughter of Leon Gregoire. Her parents were devoted

to her, and brought her up in happy ignorance, allowing her to do much

as she liked. They taught her to be charitable, and made her dispense

their little gifts to the poor; these were always in kind, as they held

that money was likely to be misused. When the great strike broke out at

Montsou, Cecile could comprehend nothing of the revolt of the poor, or

the fury with which they regarded those better off than themselves,

and when she fell into the hands of a fierce crowd was almost paralysed

under the attack of La Brule and of Pere Bonnemort, from which she

escaped with difficulty. A little later she chanced to call on a

charitable errand at Maheu’s house, and unfortunately was left alone for

a few moments with Bonnemort, who was now supposed to be helpless. The

sight of her seemed, however, to waken memories in the old man, for in

an accession of madness he found strength to throw himself upon the poor

girl and strangle her. Germinal.

GREGOIRE (EUGENE), grandfather of Leon Gregoire. He inherited the share

in the Montsou mine bought by his father, but the dividends at that

time were small, and as he had foolishly invested the remainder of

the paternal fortune in a company that came to grief, he lived meanly

enough. The share passed to his son Felicien. Germinal.

GREGOIRE (FELICIEN), son of the preceding and father of Leon Gregoire.

The family fortune began with him, for the value of the share in

the Montsou mine had greatly increased, and he was able to buy the

dismembered estate of Piolaine, which he acquired as national property

for a ludicrous sum. However, bad years followed; it was necessary to

await the conclusion of the revolutionary catastrophes, and afterwards

Napoleon’s bloody fall. The little fortune of Felicien Gregoire passed

to his son Leon. Germinal.

GREGOIRE (HONORE), great-grandfather of Leon Gregoire. He was in 1760

steward on the estate of Piolaine, a property which belonged to Baron

Desrumaux. When the Montsou treaty was made, Honore, who had laid up

savings to the amount of some fifty thousand francs, yielded tremblingly

to his master’s unshakable faith. He gave up ten thousand francs, and

took a share in the Montsou Company, though with the fear of robbing his

children of that sum. When he died his share passed to his son Eugene.

Germinal.

GREGOIRE (LEON), great-grandson of Honore Gregoire. It was he who

profited at a stupefying rate of progress by the timid investment of his

ancestor. Those poor ten thousand francs grew and multiplied with the

company’s prosperity. Since 1820 they had brought in cent for cent ten

thousand francs. In 1844 they had produced twenty thousand; in 1850,

forty. During two years the dividend had reached the prodigious figure

of fifty thousand francs; the value of the share, quoted at the Lille

Bourse at a million, had centrupled in a century. Six months later an

industrial crisis broke out; the share fell to six hundred thousand

francs. But Leon refused to be alarmed, for he maintained an obstinate

faith in the mine. When the great strike broke out he would not be

persuaded of its seriousness, and refused to admit any danger, until he

saw his daughter struck by a stone and savagely assaulted by the crowd.

Afterwards he desired to show the largeness of his views, and spoke of

forgetting and forgiving everything. With his wife and daughter Cecile

he went to carry assistance to the Maheus, a family who had suffered

sadly in the strike. Cecile was unfortunately left alone with old

Bonnemort, Maheu’s father, who in a sudden frenzy attacked the girl

and strangled her. This terrible blow entirely shadowed the lives of

Gregoire and his wife. Germinal.

GREGOIRE (MADAME LEON), wife of the preceding, was the daughter of

a druggist at Marchiennes. She was a plain, penniless girl, whom he

adored, and who repaid him with happiness. She shut herself up in her

household, having no other will but her husband’s. No difference

of tastes separated them, their desires were mingled in one idea of

comfort; and they had thus lived for forty years, in affection and

little mutual services. Germinal.

GRESHAM, a jockey who, it was said, had always bad luck. He rode

Lusignan in the Grand Prix de Paris. Nana.

GROGNET, a perfumer in Rue de Grammont, whose business was ruined by the

growth of Octave Mouret’s great establishment. Au Bonheur des Dames.

GROSBOIS, a Government surveyor who had also a small farm at Magnolles,

a little village near Rognes. Liable to be summoned from Orgeres to

Beaugency for purposes of survey, he left the management of his own land

to his wife, and in the course of these constant excursions he acquired

such a habit of drinking that he was never seen sober. That mattered

little, however; the more drunk he was the better he seemed to see;

he never made a wrong measurement or an error in calculation. People

listened to him with respect, for he had the reputation of being a sly,

acute man. La Terre.

GUENDE (MADAME DE), a friend of the Saccards. She was a woman well known

in the society of the Second Empire. La Curee.

GUEULE-D’OR, the sobriquet of Goujet. L’Assommoir.

GUEULIN, nephew of Narcisse Bachelard, was a clerk in an insurance

office. Directly after office hours he used to meet his uncle, and never

left him, going the round of all the cafes in his wake. “Behind the

huge, ungainly figure of the one you were sure to see the pale, wizened

features of the other.” He said that he avoided all love affairs, as

they invariably led to trouble and complications, but he was ultimately

caught by his uncle in compromising circumstances with Mademoiselle

Fifi, who was a protegee of the old man. Bachelard insisted on their

marriage, and gave the girl a handsome dowry. Pot-Bouille.

GUIBAL (MADAME), wife of a barrister well known at the Palais de

Justice, who led, it was said, a somewhat free life. The husband and

wife were never seen together, and Madame Guibal consoled herself with

M. De Boves, from whom she derived such large sums of money that he

found difficulty in carrying on his own establishment. She was a tall,

thin woman, with red hair, and a somewhat cold, selfish expression. Au

Bonheur des Dames.

GUICHON (MADEMOISELLE), the office-keeper at the railway station at

Havre. She was a slim, fair woman about thirty years of age, who owed

her post to M. Dabadie, the chief station-master, with whom it was

generally believed she was on intimate terms. Nevertheless Madame

Lebleu, who lived on the same corridor and kept perpetual watch, had

never been able to discover anything. La Bete Humaine.

GUIGNARD, a peasant who belonged to the same village as Zephyrin Lacour.

He desired to sell his house, and Zephyrin and Rosalie, his sweetheart,

looked forward to buying it. Une Page d’Amour.

GUILLAUME, a peasant of Rognes. He owned a piece of land beside the

hovel of Hyacinthe Fouan. La Terre.

GUILLAUME, a young swineherd at La Borderie. He afterwards became a

soldier. La Terre.

GUIRAUD (M. DE), a magistrate of Paris, who was a friend of Doctor

Deberle and visited at his house. Une Page d’Amour.

GUIRAUD (MADAME DE), wife of the preceding. She was on intimate terms

with Madame Deberle, and took part in the amateur theatricals arranged

by that lady. Une Page d’Amour.

GUIRAUDE (MADAME), mother of Sophie and Valentin, patients of Dr.

Pascal. Her husband died of phthisis, and she herself suffered from a

slow decomposition of the blood. She died soon after her son Valentin.

Le Docteur Pascal.

GUNDERMANN, the great Jew banker, master of the Bourse and of the

financial world. He was a man of over sixty years of age, who had long

suffered from ill-health. Constantly engaged in business of the

greatest magnitude, he never went to the Bourse himself; indeed, he even

pretended that he sent no official representatives there. He was not on

friendly terms with Saccard, and when the Universal Bank was started

he placed himself in antagonism towards it. The wild speculation in the

shares of the bank gave him his chance; his principle was that when

a share rose above its true value a reaction was bound to follow.

Accordingly, when the bank shares rose to two thousand francs he began

to sell, and though Saccard by steady buying forced them to over three

thousand francs, he continued to sell. His losses meantime were, of

course, enormous, but having got information through Baroness Sandorff

that Saccard’s resources were at an end, he made a final effort, with

the result that a panic ensued, the price of the shares broke, and

Saccard, along with the bank, was ruined. L’Argent.

GUNTHER (OTTO), captain in the Prussian Guard. He was a cousin of Weiss

on the mother’s side. His feelings were strongly anti-French, and he

refused to give any assistance to Henriette Weiss after the death of her

husband, when she was searching for his body. La Debacle.

GUSTAVE, Maxime Saccard’s hairdresser. La Curee.

GUTMANN, a soldier in the Prussian Army, who took part in the attack

on Bazeilles. It was he who tore Henriette Weiss from the arms of her

husband, who, being a civilian, was about to be executed for firing

upon the Prussian troops. Henriette found him later in the ambulance

at Remilly. He was unable to speak, a ball having carried away half his

tongue, and they could only guess from the sounds he made that his name

was Gutmann. Henriette, moved by pity, remained with him to the end, and

she alone followed him to the place of burial. La Debacle.

GUYOT (ABBE), a priest of Saint-Eutrope. He took duty temporarily at

Artaud while Abbe Mouret was ill. La Faute de l’Abbe Mouret.

GUYOT-LAPLANCHE, a man of considerable importance in the Second Empire,

whom Clorinde Balbi gained to the cause of Eugene Rougon. Son Excellence

Eugene Rougon.

HAFFNER, a well-known manufacturer, at Colmar. He was a

multi-millionaire, and became a politician during the time of the Second

Empire. He was the husband of Suzanne Haffner. La Curee.

HAFFNER (MADAME SUZANNE), wife of a celebrated manufacturer of Colmar,

a millionaire twenty times over, whom the Empire was transforming into a

politician. She was the inseparable companion of the Marquise d’Espanet,

and had been a schoolfellow of Madame Renee Saccard. La Curee.

HALLEGRAIN (CAPTAIN JACQUES), the father of Christine. He was a Gascon

from Montauban. A stroke of paralysis in the legs caused his retirement

from the army, and he settled at Clermont with his wife and daughter.

One day, when they were at church, he died of a second attack of

paralysis. L’Oeuvre.

HALLEGRAIN (MADAME), wife of the preceding. She survived him for five

years, remaining at Clermont, managing as well as she could on her

scanty pension, which she eked out by painting fans, in order to bring

up her daughter as a lady. During these five years Madame Hallegrain

became each day paler and thinner, until she was only a shadow; one

morning she could not rise, and she died, looking sadly at Christine,

with her eyes full of great tears. L’Oeuvre.

HALLEGRAIN (CHRISTINE), daughter of the preceding, was born at

Strasburg. Her father died when she was twelve years old, and her

mother, who had a severe struggle to make a living for herself and her

child, only survived him five years. Christine was left penniless

and unprotected, without a friend, save La Mere des Saints-Anges, the

Superior of the Sisters of the Visitation, who kept her in the convent

until she got a situation as reader and companion to Madame Vanzade, an

old lady who lived in Paris. Chance led to a meeting between Christine

and Claude Lantier on the evening of her arrival in the city, and the

acquaintanceship ripened into love. Ultimately she ran off with him, and

they took up house at Bennecourt, where they lived happily for several

years, a son being born to them in 1860. She was devoted to Claude,

who was engrossed in his art, and when she saw that he was becoming

discontented in the country she urged his return to Paris. There he

became obsessed by the idea of a masterpiece, by means of which he

was to revolutionize the world of art, and Christine allowed him to

sacrifice their child and herself to his hopes of fame. They began to

encroach on the principal of their small fortune, and while this lasted

were not unhappy, though Claude’s increasing mental disturbance already

gave cause for anxiety. Their marriage had taken place some time

previously, and this had tended to make her position more comfortable.

The exhaustion of their means was followed by great hardships, but

Christine continued to sacrifice everything to her husband. The death of

their child drew him away from his task for a time, but he again took

it up, his mind becoming more and more unhinged. Christine made a last

effort to detach him, but the call of his masterpiece was too strong,

and one morning she found him hanging in front of the picture, dead. She

fell on the floor in a faint, and lay there to all appearance as dead as

her husband, both of them crushed by the sovereignty of art. L’Oeuvre.

HAMELIN (CAROLINE), sister of Georges Hamelin, accompanied him to Paris

after the death of their father. She took a situation as governess, and

soon after married a millionaire brewer in whose house she was employed.

After a few years of married life, she was obliged to apply for a

separation in order to avoid being killed by her husband, a drunkard

who pursued her with a knife in fits of insane jealousy. Living with

her brother, in the flat of the Orviedo mansion above that occupied by

Saccard, she made the acquaintance of the latter, becoming after a time

his housekeeper and subsequently his mistress. During the absence of her

brother in the East, after the foundation of the Universal Bank, she

did everything she could to protect his interests, and tried to persuade

Saccard to discontinue the gambling in the shares of the bank which

ultimately led to its ruin. Like her brother, she sold all her shares in

the bank, and after the final crash divested herself of all her means in

the assistance of ruined shareholders. She followed her brother in his

flight to Rome. L’Argent.

HAMELIN (GEORGES), son of a Montpellier physician, a remarkable savant,

an enthusiastic Catholic, who had died poor. After his father’s death

he came to Paris, along with his sister Caroline, and entered the

Polytechnic school. He became an engineer, and having received

an appointment in connection with the Suez Canal, went to Egypt.

Subsequently he went to Syria, where he remained some years, laying out

a carriage road from Beyrout to Damascus. He was an enthusiast, and

his portfolio was full of schemes of far-reaching magnitude. Having met

Saccard in Paris, he joined with him in the formation of the Universal

Bank, which was intended to furnish the means of carrying out some at

least of his schemes. Against his wish, Hamelin was made chairman of the

bank, and he thus became liable for the actions of the other directors,

though he was himself absent in the East forming the companies in which

the bank was interested. He was a man of high honour, and when the

gamble in the shares of the bank reached an excessive point, he did all

he could to restrain it, even selling his own shares. The money received

for these was subsequently used in relieving other shareholders who lost

their all. When the crash came, Hamelin was arrested along with Saccard,

and, after trial, was sentenced to five years’ imprisonment and a fine

of three thousand francs. By a technicality of law they were allowed a

month to appeal, during which they were at liberty. With the connivance

of Eugene Rougon, they fled the country, Hamelin going to Rome, where he

secured a situation as an engineer. L’Argent.

HAMELIN (FRANCOISE), sister of M. Hamelin, a farmer, who lived at

Soulanges. She brought up Angelique Marie, who was handed over to her by

the Foundling Hospital when only a few days old. Angelique remained with

her until she went to Paris with Madame Franchomme, some years later. Le

Reve.

HARDY, tax-collector at Cloyes. La Terre.

HARTMANN (BARON), Director of the Credit Immobilier, a concern which

had large interests in property immediately adjoining “The Ladies’

Paradise.” The Baron had been a lover of Madame Desforges, and through

her influence he agreed to give financial support to Octave Mouret,

thereby enabling him to carry out the large schemes of extension to

which he had long looked forward. Au Bonheur des Dames.

HAUCHECORNE, principal assistant in the draper’s shop known as _Vieil

Elbeuf_. He married Desiree, the daughter of his employer, and succeeded

to the business, which he ultimately handed over to Baudu, his own

son-in-law. Au Bonheur des Dames.

HAUCHECORNE (MADAME), wife of the preceding. See Desiree Finet.

HAUCHECORNE (ELIZABETH), daughter of the preceding. See Madame Baudu.

HAUTECOEUR (MONSEIGNEUR JEAN D’) was a member of one of the oldest and

proudest families in France. He was for some time in the army, and

until he was forty years of age he led an adventurous life, travelling

everywhere and having many strange experiences. At last he chanced

to meet Mademoiselle Pauline, daughter of the Comte de Valencay, very

wealthy, marvellously beautiful, and scarcely nineteen years of age.

They were married, but at the end of a year Pauline had a son and died.

A fortnight later M. d’Hautecoeur entered into Holy Orders, and soon

became a priest; twenty years afterwards he was made a bishop. During

all that time he refused to see Felicien, his son, who had been brought

up by an old abbot, a relation of his wife. He intended to have his son

brought up as a priest, but the lad having no vocation, he gave up the

idea and brought him to live at Beaumont. There Felicien met and fell

in love with Angelique, but the Bishop sternly forbade any thought of

marriage between them, and even went the length of arranging a marriage

between his son and Claire de Voincourt. A touching personal appeal

by Angelique had no effect in gaining the Bishop’s consent, but he was

secretly much moved, and when she fell into ill-health he himself came

to administer the last rites of the Church. Her semi-miraculous recovery

led to the Bishop consenting to his son’s marriage, which was celebrated

a few months later in the cathedral of Beaumont. Le Reve.

HAUTECOEUR (MARQUISE JEAN XII DE). See Paule de Valencay.

HAUTECOEUR (ANGELIQUE DE). See Angelique Marie.

HAUTECOEUR (FELICIEN D’), only child of Jean d’Hautecoeur, who was

afterwards Bishop of Beaumont. Felicien’s mother having died at his

birth, his father took Holy Orders, and refused to see him for over

twenty years. Having ultimately come to live with his father at

Beaumont, Felicien met and fell in love with Angelique, the adopted

daughter of Hubert, the chasuble-maker. The Bishop having absolutely

refused to consent to the marriage, the Huberts endeavoured to separate

the lovers by persuading Angelique that Felicien no longer cared for

her. They were aided in this by a rumour that Felicien was to marry

Claire de Voincourt. A meeting between Angelique and Felicien cleared

away the mists, but by this time the girl had fallen into ill-health and

appeared to be dying. The Bishop, who had formerly been secretly moved

by an appeal made to him by Angelique, came to administer to her the

last rites of the Church. A semi-miraculous recovery followed, and,

the Bishop having consented, Felicien was married to Angelique in the

cathedral of Beaumont. The recovery had, however, been a mere spark of

an expiring fire, for as Felicien led his new-made wife to the cathedral

porch, she slipped from his arm, and in a few moments was dead. Le Reve.

HAZARD, a horse in the Mechain stable. It ran in the Grand Prix de

Paris. Nana.

HEDOUIN (CHARLES), originally a salesman in the draper’s shop known

as _Au Bonheur des Dames_, he became a partner by marrying Caroline

Deleuze, a daughter of one of the proprietors. He fell into ill-health,

but when he died the business was left in a flourishing condition.

Pot-Bouille.

HEDOUIN (MADAME CAROLINE), wife of M. Hedouin, the proprietor of a

draper’s shop in Paris known as “The Ladies’ Paradise.” She was a

handsome woman with strong commercial capabilities, and during the

frequent absences of her husband she undertook the management of the

business. When Octave Mouret came to Paris, he first got employment at

“The Ladies’ Paradise,” and with a view to establishing his position he

conceived the idea of becoming Madame Hedouin’s lover. She discouraged

his advances, however, and he gave up his situation. M. Hedouin died

soon afterwards, and his widow, finding the responsibilities of business

too heavy, invited Octave Mouret to return; a few months afterwards they

were married. Pot-Bouille.

After her marriage with Octave Mouret the business extended rapidly, and

an enlargement of the shop soon became necessary. While the work was in

progress she met with an accident which resulted in her death three days

later. Au Bonheur des Dames.

HELENE (DUCHESSE), the principal character in _La Petite Duchesse_,

a piece by Fauchery played at the Theatre des Varietes. The part was

originally given to Rose Mignon, but was played by Nana, who was a

complete failure in it. Nana.

HELOISE, an actress at the Folies. She was plain-looking, but very

amusing. Au Bonheur des Dames.

HENNEBEAU, general manager of the Montsou Mining Company, was born in

the Ardennes. In his early life he had undergone the hardships of a poor

boy thrown as an orphan on the Paris streets. After having followed

the courses of the Ecole des Mines, at the age of twenty-four he became

engineer to the Sainte-Barbe mine, and three years later he became

divisional engineer in the Pas-de-Calais, at the Marles mines. When

there he married the daughter of the rich owner of a spinning factory at

Arras. For fifteen years they lived in the same small provincial town,

and no event broke the monotony of existence, not even the birth of

a child. An increasing irritation detached Madame Hennebeau, who

was disdainful of this husband who gained a small salary with such

difficulty. The misunderstandings between them became more pronounced,

but with the view of pleasing his wife Hennebeau accepted a situation in

an office in Paris. But Paris only completed their separation, for she

immediately threw herself into all the luxurious follies of the period.

During the ten years spent there she carried on an open intrigue with

a man whose desertion nearly killed her. It was then that her husband

accepted the management of the Montsou mines, still hoping that his wife

might be changed down there in that desolate black country. When the

great strike of miners broke out he at first minimized its seriousness,

thinking that it would not last a week. By his lack of decided action

he forfeited to some extent the confidence of his directors, but he

regained this by the subsequent measures taken by him for bringing the

strike to an end, and ultimately received the decoration of an officer

of the Legion of Honour. His domestic life was, however, once more

embittered by the discovery of a liaison between his wife and his

nephew, Paul Negrel. Germinal.

HENNEBEAU (MADAME), wife of the preceding, was the daughter of a rich

spinner at Arras. She did not get on well with her husband, whom she

despised for his small success, and after she accompanied him to

Paris she entered into a notorious liaison with a man whose subsequent

desertion nearly killed her. For a time after their removal to

Montsou she seemed more contented, but this did not last long, and she

ultimately consoled herself with her husband’s nephew, Paul Negrel.

She was angry at the strikers, as they interfered with the arrival

of provisions for a dinner-party which she was giving; but she was

incapable of understanding the sufferings of the miners and their

families in the hardships they were forced to undergo. Germinal.

HEQUET (CAROLINE), a well-known _demi-mondaine_ in Paris. Her father,

who was a clerk in Bordeaux, was long since dead, and her mother,

accepting the situation, looked after Caroline’s financial affairs with

the strictest regularity. She bought the estate known as _La Mignotte_

after Nana tired of it. Nana.

HEQUET (MADAME), mother of the preceding. She was a model of

orderliness, who kept her daughter’s accounts with severe precision. She

managed the whole household from some small lodgings two stories above

her daughter’s, where, moreover, she had established a work-room for

dressmaking and plain sewing. Nana.

HERBELIN, a great chemist whose discoveries revolutionized that

science. Lazare Chanteau, who was for some time in his laboratory as an

assistant, got from him the idea of extracting chemicals from seaweed by

a new process. La Joie de Vivre.

HERMELINE, a student of rhetoric at the college of Plassans. He was in

love with Sister Angele, and once went the length of cutting his hands

with his penknife to get an opportunity of seeing and speaking to her

while she dressed his self-inflicted hurts. In the end the student and

the Sister ran off together. L’Oeuvre.

HIPPOLYTE, valet to Duveyrier. Pot-Bouille.

HIPPOLYTE, valet to Hennebeau, the manager of the Montsou Mining

Company. Germinal.

HOMME NOIR (L’), an apparition said to haunt the Voreux pit. It was said

to take the form of an old miner who twisted the necks of bad girls.

Germinal.

HONORINE, a maid-servant with the Gregoires. She was a girl of some

twenty years, who had been taken in as a child and brought up in the

house. Germinal.

HONORINE, a servant in the employment of the Badeuils. When dismissed

for misconduct she became insolent.

HORN (LEA DE), a Parisian _demi-mondaine_ whose drawing-room was

frequented by some of the old ministers of Louis Philippe. Nana.

HORTEUR (ABBE), parish priest of Bonneville, was a thick-set man of

peasant-like build whose red hair was still unsilvered by his fifty

years. Much of his time was spent in cultivating a small plot of ground

in the churchyard, which he had enclosed as a vegetable garden. With

regard to religion, he had come to be contented with the observance of

outward ceremonies, and his tolerance had degenerated into a state of

indifference as to the spiritual condition of his flock. He was on good

terms with Chanteau, with whom it was his custom to play draughts every

Saturday. La Joie de Vivre.

HOTON, a sugar-refinery at Montsou. Its prosperity was greatly affected

by the strike of miners. Germinal.

HOURDEQUIN (ALEXANDRE), born 1804, was the only son of Isidore

Hourdequin. He studied at the college of Chateaudun, but made little

progress, as his only interest was in farming, for which he had an

absolute passion. On the death of his father he became master of La

Borderie, which he cultivated on the latest principles of agriculture,

spending large sums upon it. He married a sister of Baillehache, the

notary, who brought him a considerable sum, which also went into the

land. His wife died in a few years, leaving him with two children, a

son named Leon, who to his great disappointment became a soldier, and a

daughter who died young. In spite of these misfortunes he retained all

his passion for the land, and in it he gradually sunk all his fortune,

getting little from it in return. A liaison with Jacqueline Cognet,

followed, and she gradually acquired complete influence over him. He

died as the result of an accident brought about by Tron, one of his own

servants, who was also a lover of Jacqueline. La Terre.

HOURDEQUIN (MADAME), wife of the preceding. See Mademoiselle

Baillehache. La Terre.

HOURDEQUIN (ISIDORE), born 1767, was the descendant of an old peasant

family of Cloyes, which had educated and elevated itself into a

middle-class position in the sixteenth century. They had all been

employed in the administration of the salt monopoly, and Isidore,

who had been left an orphan, was worth sixty thousand francs, when at

twenty-six, the Revolution cost him his post. As a speculation he bought

the farm of La Borderie for a fifth of its value, but the depreciation

of real estate continued, and he was unable to resell it at the profit

of which he had dreamed. He therefore determined to farm it himself, and

about this time he married the daughter of a neighbour, who brought

him an additional hundred and twenty acres of land. He had one son,

Alexandre, and died in 1831. La Terre.

HOURDEQUIN (LEON), son of Alexandre Hourdequin. He had an intense

hatred of the soil and became a soldier, being promoted Captain after

Solferino. He did not visit his home more than once a year, and was

much annoyed to discover the liaison between his father and Jacqueline

Cognet. He endeavoured to get the latter into disgrace, but the only

effect was to make a complete breach between his father and himself. La

Terre.

HOURDEQUIN (MADEMOISELLE), the second child of Alexandre Hourdequin. She

was a delicate and charming girl, tenderly loved by her father. She died

young, a short time after her mother. La Terre.

HOUTELARD, a fisherman of Bonneville, whose house was washed away after

the destruction by the sea of the barricade erected by Lazare Chanteau.

La Joie de Vivre.

HUBERT, a chasuble-maker who lived in a house immediately adjoining

the cathedral of Beaumont. “For four hundred years the line of Huberts,

embroiderers from father to son, had lived in this house.” At twenty

years of age he fell in love with a young girl of sixteen, Hubertine,

and as her mother refused to give her consent to their union they ran

away and were married. On the morning after Christmas, 1860, he found

the child Angelique lying in a fainting condition in the snow outside

the cathedral door. Having taken her into his house, he and his wife

soon became attached to her, and as they had no children, ultimately

adopted her as their daughter. Le Reve.

HUBERTINE, wife of the preceding. At the age of sixteen she fell in

love with Hubert, the chasuble-maker, and as her mother, widow of a

magistrate, would not give her consent, they ran away and were married.

A year later she went to the deathbed of her mother, who, however,

disinherited her and gave her her curse. “So affected was she by the

terrible scene that her infant, born soon after, died.” The Huberts had

no other children, and after twenty-four years they still mourned the

little one they had lost. She warmly approved of the adoption by her

husband and herself of the foundling child Angelique, whom she treated

with the greatest kindness. From the bitterness of her own experience

she had a horror of disobedience to parents, and when she found that the

consent of Monseigneur d’Hautecoeur could not be obtained to a marriage

between his son Felicien and Angelique, she did all she could to sever

the lovers. In this she was successful for a time, until the illness of

Angelique, and her miraculous recovery, induced the Bishop to give his

consent. Le Reve.

HUE (M.) a retired Government official, who was a sincere lover of art.

He was unfortunately not rich enough to be always buying pictures, and

could only bewail the blindness of the public which allowed a genius

to die of starvation; for he himself, convinced, had selected Claude

Lantier’s crudest works, which he hung by the side of his Delacroix,

predicting an equal fortune for them. L’Oeuvre.

HUGON (MADAME), mother of Philippe and Georges Hugon. She was the widow

of a notary, and lived quietly at Fondettes, an old family property near

Orleans, but had retained a house in Paris in Rue de Richelieu. She had

been an old friend of the Marquise de Chouard, and was on intimate terms

with her daughter, the Comtesse Sabine. A woman of high principles, she

believed that one should overlook much in others in order that something

might be pardoned in oneself. In this she contrasted strongly with

her old friend the Marquis de Chouard, who professed the most rigorous

virtue while he secretly lived a shameful life. She was, however, unable

to bear with equanimity the eccentricities of Nana, her neighbour in the

country, who led Philippe Hugon into dishonour, and his brother Georges

to suicide. Nana.

HUGON (GEORGES), the younger son of Madame Hugon. At seventeen years of

age he became infatuated with Nana, and a liaison with her followed. His

mother, having discovered the state of affairs, interfered, and kept him

at Fondettes for some months after Nana had returned to Paris, but

he ultimately followed her there. Though he was not affected by the

knowledge that Nana had other lovers, he was driven to frenzy when

he learned that his brother Philippe had become one of the number.

He implored Nana to marry him, and when she refused to take his offer

seriously he plunged a pair of her scissors into his breast. The injury

was not immediately fatal, but he died a few months afterwards; some

said as the result of the wound reopening, while others spoke of a

second and successful attempt at suicide. Nana.

HUGON (PHILIPPE), the elder son of Madame Hugon. A tall, handsome

youth, he quickly attained the rank of lieutenant in the army, and was

stationed first in the garrison at Bourges, and afterwards at Vincennes.

His mother imprudently sent him to endeavour to release Georges from

the toils of Nana, with the result that he was himself ensnared. He had

little money of his own, and, as the demands of Nana were unceasing,

he began to take small sums from the regimental funds, of which he

was treasurer. The thefts went on for a considerable time, and when

discovery was made they amounted to twelve thousand francs. Philippe was

arrested, and when he was released from prison some months afterwards,

dishonoured for ever, he was only in time to join his mother at the

death-bed of her other son, who was also a victim to Nana’s unhappy

influence. Nana.

HUGUENIN, held a sinecure worth six thousand francs at the Ministry of

the Interior. When he died Eugene Rougon, the Minister, gave the post to

Leon Bejuin. Son Excellence Eugene Rougon.

HUPEL DE LA NOUE (M.), _prefet_ of the district for which M. Mareuil was

member. He arranged the _tableaux vivants_ at the great party given by

Aristide Saccard. La Curee.

HURET, a member of the Chamber of Deputies who obtained his election

through the influence of Eugene Rougon. His very existence depended on

the favour of the Minister of State, towards whom he conducted himself

as a sort of general servant. “By following this calling for a couple

of years he had, thanks to bribes and pickings, prudently realized, been

able to increase his estates.” Having ascertained that Rougon would not

oppose the foundation of the Universal Bank, Huret became a director;

later on, when the shares had risen to their highest point, he sold out

in the knowledge that Rougon had decided to abandon his brother and that

a catastrophe would be inevitable. L’Argent.

HUTIN, a salesman in the silk department of “The Ladies’ Paradise.”

“He had managed after eighteen months’ service to become one of the

principal salesmen, thanks to a natural flexibility of character, a

continual flow of caressing flattery under which was concealed a furious

rage for business.” Having conspired against Robineau, the “second hand”

in his department, he succeeded him, only to be conspired against in

turn by his own subordinates. When Denise Baudu first came to “The

Ladies’ Paradise” Hutin showed her some kindness, for which she was

grateful, but ultimately he made statements about her which were

entirely without foundation. Au Bonheur des Dames.

HUTIN (MADAME), a woman who lived in the vicinity of the _Halles

Centrales_, and was spied on by Mademoiselle Saget, whose penetrating

eyes allowed none of her neighbours to escape notice. Le Ventre de

Paris.

ISABELLE, a character in _La Petite Duchesse_ a piece by Fauchery,

played at the Theatre des Varietes. The part was taken by Simonne

Cabiroche. Nana.

JABOUILLE, an herbalist, whose shop was situated in Rue de Cherche-Midi.

He was a widower, and married for the second time a woman named

Mathilde. His shop was at one time prosperous, but business fell away

until what was left was only that of an equivocal character. He died of

syncope induced by phthisis. L’Oeuvre.

JABOUILLE (MADAME MATHILDE), wife of the preceding. She was a woman of

about thirty, plain-looking, and exceedingly thin. From the time of

her marriage to Jabouille, his business began to decrease, and this,

it would appear, was due to her reputation, which alarmed the more

respectable customers. Her liaisons were numerous, and included

Mahoudeau, Chaine, and Jory, but after the death of her husband she

married the last named, settling down into respectability and ruling him

with a rod of iron. L’Oeuvre.

JACOBY, a Jew from Bordeaux, between whom and Mazaud there was keen

rivalry. “Though of great experience and shrewdness, he was sorely

handicapped by his passion for speculation, and in spite of considerable

profits always seemed on the eve of a catastrophe. His money melted

away on settling days.” He acted as broker for Daigremont, and also

for Gundermann. The great gamble in the shares of the Universal Bank

resolved itself into a duel between Jacoby and Mazaud, the one selling

on behalf of Gundermann, and the other buying on behalf of Saccard;

and the final catastrophe was hastened by Jacoby warning Daigremont of

Gundermann’s determination to crush out the bank. L’Argent.

JALAGUIER (MADAME), a protegee of Madame Correur, who induced Eugene

Rougon, the Minister, to increase the old lady’s pension considerably.

Son Excellence Eugene Rougon.

JALAGUIER FILS, son of the preceding. Madame Correur took an interest

in him, and asked Eugene Rougon to secure a scholarship for him. Son

Excellence Eugene Rougon.

JANTROU, an ex-professor of the University of Bordeaux, who in

consequence of some misconduct was obliged to leave for Paris, without

caste or position. At the age of twenty-eight, he landed at the Bourse,

where for ten years he dragged out existence as a _remisier_ or broker’s

tout. At the time of the foundation of the Universal Bank he suggested

to Saccard the purchase of a newspaper to be employed in the interest

of the company. The purchase was carried out, and Jantrou was appointed

editor. Subsequently other papers were acquired, which he manipulated so

as to keep the bank continually before the public. He gave information

to Baroness Sandorff which she repeated to Gundermann, who was induced

thereby to continue his attack on the bank. L’Argent.

JEANBERNAT, the caretaker of the deserted estate of Paradou in Provence.

He lived by himself with his niece Albine in an old house on the border

of the demesne. In an attic he had found a large number of books which

had been saved from a fire in the old mansion, and these he studied

for twenty years, imbibing from them the rationalistic theories of the

eighteenth century. He had no respect for religion, and particularly

disliked Brother Archangias, who insulted both him and his niece. After

the death of Albine he attacked Archangias, and cut off his right ear

with a pocket-knife. La Faute de l’Abbe Mouret.

JENARD, a partner in the firm of Cornille and Jenard, which developed in

the eighteenth century the mineral concession of Joiselle. Germinal.

JESUS CHRIST, the sobriquet of Hyacinthe Fouan. La Terre.

JEUMONT (M. AND MADAME), were well known in society during the Second

Empire. The Emperor admired Madame Jeumont, and her husband was

decorated by him. L’Argent.

JOBELIN (AUGUSTE), son of Colonel Jobelin. Contrary to regulations,

Eugene Rougon took him into the office of the Minister of the Interior

without the necessary bachelor’s degree. Son Excellence Eugene Rougon.

JOBELIN (COLONEL), a friend of Eugene Rougon, through whose aid he hoped

to secure a nomination as commander of the Legion of Honour, and an

appointment for his son. He was a cousin of M. Bouchard. After

Rougon’s return to office he received the appointment as commander. Son

Excellence Eugene Rougon.

JOIRE (ABBE), Cure of Montsou. He pretended not to interest himself in

anything, so as not to vex either the workers or the masters. During

the strike he took his walks at night, to prevent himself from being

compromised by the miners. He obtained promotion, and was replaced by

Abbe Ranvier. Germinal.

JONCQUIER, a lover of Rose Mignon, who deserted her for a time in favour

of Laure. Nana.

JONCQUOY (MADAME DU), an old friend of the Muffats. Years ago she had

met Bismarck, who struck her as stupid; she was unable to understand his

later success. Nana.

JORDAN (PAUL), a journalist, whose father, a Marseilles banker, had

committed suicide in consequence of some disastrous speculations. He

married a daughter of M. Maugendre, to whom he had been betrothed in

more prosperous days. His wife brought him no dowry, as her parents were

against the marriage on the ground of Jordan’s occupation and want

of means. Having made the acquaintance of Saccard, he received an

appointment on the staff of the newspaper purchased to support the

policy of the Universal Bank. He did not speculate, however, and

remained in comparative poverty, until the success of a novel which he

had written put him in more comfortable circumstances, and even enabled

him to give assistance to his wife’s parents after they were ruined by

the failure of the bank. L’Argent.

JORDAN (MADAME MARCELLE), wife of the preceding. She was the only child

of M. Maugendre, who was ruined by the failure of the Universal Bank.

L’Argent.

JORY (EDOUARD), was the son of a magistrate of Plassans, whom he drove

crazy by his profligate conduct. In the end he ran off with a music-hall

singer under the pretext of going to Paris to follow the literary

profession. Notwithstanding the fact that his profligacy went to even

greater lengths in the city, he was successful in journalism, and soon

earned between seven and eight thousand francs a year as a leader-writer

and art critic. His first success was gained in a series of articles

in a little newspaper called _Le Tambour_, in which he fell foul of the

accepted canons of art, and hailed Claude Lantier and his companions as

the founders of a new school. Later he claimed to have made Fagerolles

by his articles, in the same manner as he formerly took credit for

making Lantier. He gradually dropped his old friends, however, finding

that the public only laughed at their productions, and in excuse pleaded

that he had not a journal in which he could support their cause;

but when, still later, he became director of a great Art review, he

preserved the same silence. After innumerable love affairs, he ended by

marrying Mathilde Jabouille. L’Oeuvre.

JORY (MADAME), wife of the preceding. See Mathilde Jabouille.

JOSEPH, a butler in the employment of Nana at La Mignotte. Nana.

JOSEPH, an old soldier who secured a situation in “The Ladies’ Paradise”

through the influence of Lhomme, whose foster brother he was. He married

Mlle. de Fontenailles, a shop-girl in the establishment. Au Bonheur des

Dames.

JOSEPH (MADAME), the concierge of the house on Quay Bourbon where Claude

Lantier lived. L’Oeuvre.

JOSSE (MADEMOISELLE) kept a little school for young children in Rue

Polonceau. Anna Coupeau was her pupil, and made herself such a nuisance

that twice Mademoiselle Josse sent her away, taking her back each time

in order not to lose the small fees. L’Assommoir.

Nana in later years exchanged reminiscences with Satin, who, like

herself, had been a pupil at Mademoiselle Josse’s school. Nana.

JOSSERAND PERE, the father of Josserand, the cashier at the Saint-Joseph

glass-works. He was originally a solicitor at Clermont. Pot-Bouille.

JOSSERAND, cashier at the St. Joseph glass-works. His salary was not a

large one, and in consequence of the determination of his wife to keep

up a greater style than they could afford, he was engaged in a continual

struggle to make ends meet; to gain a few extra francs he frequently

spent much of the night addressing circulars for a firm of publishers.

Worn out by hard work and by the continual bickerings of his wife

and daughters, he was not in a condition to stand the disgrace of his

daughter Berthe’s liaison with Octave Mouret, and he was struck down by

paralysis, which soon after resulted in his death. Pot-Bouille.

JOSSERAND (MADAME ELEANORE), wife of the preceding. Her two objects

in life were to appear better off than she really was, and to

secure husbands for her daughters. In the latter quest she had many

disappointments, and her temper, never good, correspondingly suffered,

her unfortunate husband bearing the brunt. A marriage having ultimately

been arranged between Berthe Josserand and Auguste Vabre, Madame

Josserand made a strong effort to induce her brother, Narcisse

Bachelard, to pay the dowry which he had long ago promised to his niece.

As he refused to do so, Madame Josserand overcame the difficulty by a

subterfuge of doubtful honesty. Pot-Bouille.

JOSSERAND (BERTHE), second daughter of M. Josserand. After several

ineffectual efforts to secure a husband she became engaged to Auguste

Vabre, the elder son of her father’s landlord. Difficulties as to a

dowry followed, but these were surmounted by somewhat shady means, and

the marriage took place. Vabre’s health was not good, and Berthe soon

became discontented, a state of mind largely induced by the bad advice

of her mother. About this time Octave Mouret came to be assistant in

Vabre’s shop, and Berthe, carried away by his attentions, entered upon

an unfortunate liaison with him. Discovery by Vabre led to Berthe’s

return to her parents’ home, and it was only after a considerable time

that a reconciliation was brought about by the efforts of Abbe Mauduit.

Pot-Bouille.

JOSSERAND (HORTENSE), elder daughter of M. Josserand. Her mother

endeavoured to secure a husband for her, but she made her own choice,

selecting one Verdier, a lawyer. The marriage was put off from time

to time as Verdier had got entangled with a woman from whom he found

separation difficult. Pot-Bouille.

JOSSERAND (LEON), elder son of M. Josserand. He was a young man of

ambition, who hoped to rise through the influence of Madame Dambreville,

whose lover he became. Ultimately she arranged a marriage between him

and her niece Raymonde, who brought him a large dowry. Soon afterwards

by the same means he was appointed _Maitre des Requetes_. Pot-Bouille.

JOSSERAND (MADAME LEON), wife of the preceding. See Raymonde.

Pot-Bouille.

JOSSERAND (SATURNIN), younger son of M. Josserand. He was a powerful

young man of twenty-five, whose mind had been seriously affected by an

attack of brain fever; though not actually insane, he was subject to

fits of blind fury whenever anybody annoyed him. When his sister Berthe

was a little girl, he nursed her through a long illness, and since

he saved her life he adored her with a deep, passionate devotion. The

preparations for her marriage to Auguste Vabre affected him so seriously

that his removal to an asylum became necessary, and he remained there

for some time. On his release he went to live with his sister and her

husband, but domestic trouble having arisen, his mind again became so

unhinged that he made an attempt on the life of his brother-in-law and

had again to be taken to an asylum. Pot-Bouille.

JOUVE (ABBE), an officiating priest at Notre Dame de Grace, the parish

church of Passy. He had known M. Grandjean at Marseilles, and showed

much kindness to Helene after the death of her husband, assisting her in

settling up her affairs. Along with M. Rambaud, his half-brother, he was

a regular visitor at Helene’s house, and later endeavoured to arrange

a marriage between her and his brother. He was devoted to Jeanne

Grandjean, and helped to nurse her during her fatal illness. An amiable,

kind-hearted man, he was greatly beloved by his parishioners. Une Page

d’Amour.

JOUVE, a retired captain in the army, and afterwards one of the four

inspectors at “The Ladies’ Paradise.” In addition to acting as spy on

the staff he watched the customers, and it was he who detected Madame de

Boves in the act of stealing some fine lace. He made certain advances to

Denis Baudu which she resented, and in consequence he afterwards showed

considerable ill-will towards her. Au Bonheur des Dames.

JUILLERAT (DOCTOR), an old physician who attended most of the

inhabitants of the Rue de Choiseul. He was a man of only average

abilities who had built up a large practice by hard work. His views were

somewhat advanced, and he had many arguments with Abbe Mauduit, with

whom he frequently came in contact at the bedsides of his patients.

Pot-Bouille.

JULES, the lover of La Sarriette. He lived on her earnings as a

fruit-dealer. Le Ventre de Paris.

JULES, one of the soldiers sent to Montsou during the strike. He was

born at Plogof, where his mother and sister still resided. One night

while he was on guard at the Voreux mine he was murdered by Jeanlin

Maheu, who with the assistance of Etienne Lantier carried the body to

a gallery of the mine, where they buried it under a fall of rock.

Germinal.

JULES (MADAME), Nana’s dresser at the Theatre des Varietes. Nana.

JULIE, cook in the employment of the Duveyriers. Pot-Bouille.

JULIEN, butler in the employment of Nana in the Avenue de Villiers. He

left the house with a large sum, as Comte Muffat, being jealous, wished

to be freed from his presence. Nana.

JUSSELIN (PIERRE-FRANCOIS), a protege of M. de Marsy. Eugene Rougon

refused to nominate him as an officer of the Legion of Honour, and gave

the decoration which had been intended for him to Bejuin. Son Excellence

Eugene Rougon.

JEZEUR (MADAME), a neighbour of the Josserands in the Rue de Choiseul.

Her husband had left her after ten days of married life, and thenceforth

she lived alone in quiet lodgings. Very little was known of her

circumstances or mode of life. Pot-Bouille.

KAHN (M.), son of a Jewish banker at Bordeaux; a deputy who was engaged

in a scheme for the construction of a railway from Niort to Angers. He

was chiefly anxious for this, as the proposed line would pass through

Bressure, where he had some blast-furnaces, the value of which it would

considerably increase. Rougon supported him energetically, and had

almost secured the grant when his retirement from office delayed the

scheme for some years. Soon after Rougon’s appointment as Minister of

the Interior the grant was obtained, and he accompanied Kahn to Niort to

attend the inauguration of the scheme. Son Excellence Eugene Rougon.

KAHN (MADAME), wife of the preceding. She lived a very retired life at

Paris. Son Excellence Eugene Rougon.

KELLER (LES), well-known leaders of society in Paris. It was at their

house that Baroness Sandorff first met Gundermann. L’Argent.

KOLB (M.), a banker whose business consisted to a large extent in gold

arbitrage, buying foreign coins, and melting them into gold bars. He

was a man of Jewish origin, and having heard that Daigremont was to

be connected with the Universal Bank, he readily agreed to become a

director. Being a cautious man, however, he sold all his shares before

the final collapse. L’Argent.

LABORDETTE, a young man who was well known in racing circles, and was

specially popular with women, as he was always ready to render them

little services. Through his relations with the world of trainers

and jockeys he had always the latest information as to races. He made

himself very useful to Nana when she was setting up a stable of her own,

and assisted her in the selection of servants. Nana.

LACAILLE, a customer of Madame Francois, the market gardener. He

attended the Revolutionary meetings in Lebrigre’s cafe. Le Ventre de

Paris.

LACAMP. See Puech and Lacamp.

LACASSAGNE, a dealer in feathers and artificial flowers, whose business

was ruined by the competition of Octave Mouret’s establishment. Au

Bonheur des Dames.

A Zola Dictionary; the Characters of the Rougon-Macquart Novels of Emile Zola; · 第 11 / 14 题

DELESTANG (HENRIETTE), sister of Delestang, the Minister, and wife of