Several years ago I had to trim some of these other varieties back in

order to allow the Weschcke graft to get more growth because it was so

backward in development that it looked as though it might be crowded out

of existence. It never occurred to me in those years that it was the

difference in rate of growth between the two varieties which was really

responsible for the difference in the diameter of the scion growth, and

not some accident of propagation. Now it is very apparent, from the many

examples that I have about me, that the Weschcke hickory is about

one-half as fast a grower as such varieties as Bridgewater, Deveaux,

Laney, Siers, and many others. This, then, accounts for the heavy

bearing of the Weschcke when it starts to bear on the bitternut roots,

and it also explains the lack of bearing in such varieties as Beaver,

Fairbanks, Laney, Siers, Pleas, Deveaux, Rockville, Green Bay, Hope

pecan, Stanley shellbark, Platman, Kirtland, Glover, Barnes, and many

others which are hardy and get along well with the native bitternut root

system, some of them having lived more than fifteen years grafted in

such combination. The Bridgewater is the only variety which bears a fair

crop of nuts as compared to the prolific Weschcke, and is the pollinator

for the Weschcke when used in orchard planting.

[Footnote 33: See author's added remarks following.--Ed.]

+Are Pecan Stocks Desirable for Hickory Scions?+

It would appear, therefore, that it is necessary for stocks to be at

least as vigorous as the variety to which they are grafted, and to

insure this it would seem to me that the northern pecan seeds, such as

grow around Des Moines, Iowa, would be the proper seedling stock for

almost any variety of hickory, as they outgrow bitternuts and shagbarks

by quite a margin. I have only one Weschcke grafted on a pecan of this

sort, and it makes much greater growth each year than does this variety

grafted on the native bitternut stocks. However, it has not started to

bear yet and the reason is that it is still very young, and is

over-topped by plum brush and apple trees.

Since it requires about ten years here for a native bitternut to acquire

the proper size of one-half inch to three-quarter inch diameter, which

is about the size necessary for grafting, you have some idea of how

slowly this native species grows. The forest trees, of which there seem

to be thousands on my property, very seldom exceed a diameter of six

inches, yet they appear to be very old trees. Occasionally we find one

that reaches the diameter of a foot or more, and generally it is one

that is located where it has plenty of space to grow, as in open

pasture. The tree is rather easy to graft to many varieties of

hickories. No doubt if it were grown in large numbers, in the proper

soil, the time for producing seedling stock ready for nursery

propagation could be cut down. But it appears more likely that some

northern pecan seed can be found which will produce a hardy understock

to furnish a seedling of sufficient vigor and size for propagating

purposes in five years or less.

+Records of Bearing+

Our first successful grafting of Weschcke hickory on bitternut hickory

(_Carya cordiformis_) was in 1927, but these grafts did not bear for

about ten years. We know now that this was because there was a lack of

pollen of the shagbark species to pollinate its blossoms. Now these

trees are bearing profusely.

The second batch of grafts from the original Weschcke hickory, which

grew near Fayette, Iowa, was made in 1934. One mature nut from grafts

made that spring was gathered from the ground in the same year, about

October 1, 1934, but it had been partly consumed by a squirrel. From

that year to the present, these grafted trees produced each year and

never failed to mature some edible nuts up to and including this year,

when there is a very large crop (6-1/2 bushels). This, then, is the 15th

consecutive crop of nuts of which I have a record. During two years we

had such early fall frosts that the nuts were a little shriveled and not

fully mature, but still edible. In other years there were some light

crops, but there never has been a crop failure in all this time. The

variation in bearing is also due in part to several late frosts which in

the spring in some years killed back all the foliage and newly expanding

buds. Yet new dormant buds opened, some of which had flowers, and so

carried on the unbroken bearing record.

Last winter (1947-48) produced the most severe damage to exotic species

of fruit and nut trees as well as ornamentals, including evergreens,

ever recorded in this area; yet the grafted Weschcke hickory trees were

so loaded down with nuts that I had to support the load by tying up

branches to keep them off the ground. This tough winter caused almost

every variety of apple tree to be barren, such as Wealthy, Northwestern

Greening, Whitney Crab, Haralson and Malinda. Only two varieties,

Lowland Raspberry and Hibernal, bore fair crops. Last winter killed

outright (to the ground) most of my Thomas black walnuts, some of which

were more than 25 years old, and damaged severely such other varieties

as Ohio, Vandersloot, and Ten Eyck. The winter was responsible also for

the killing of several seedling Chinese chestnuts which had survived ten

years of our winters and yet others of these Chinese chestnuts are

growing again from sprouts near the ground surface. The mulberries

suffered greatly also, but in general the hickories of many varieties

came through this winter, with very little damage, and most of them are

bearing a few nuts. Even the wild hazels suffered differing amounts of

damage and have only partial crops of nuts because of the effects of the

winter.

In conclusion, keep in mind that these experiments and tests have been

conducted in severe climatic conditions in the 45th parallel at River

Falls, Wisconsin, 35 miles east of St. Paul, Minnesota, and that out of

more than fifty varieties of hickories and pecans and their hybrids

tested, only these two, Bridgewater and Weschcke hickory, (both

thin-shelled easy-cracking varieties), have succeeded to a point which

can be classed as commercial; the writer can now recommend these two

varieties for propagation by nursery firms capable of undertaking the

propagation of hickory nut trees, the sale of which to the public is a

foregone conclusion.

_By request of the secretary, Mr. Weschcke sent the following additional

information on the Weschcke hickory:_

About ten years ago I noticed that there was no pollen coming from this

tree and yet from the very beginning, even when there was no other

pollen available except the wild hickory pollen from the _Carya

cordiformis_, the Weschcke hickory produced nuts. Thinking that it was

due to parthenogenesis I bagged clusters of pistillate blossoms, and

although setting nuts they all dropped off which is typical of

non-pollenization. I then bagged groups of pistillate blossoms which I

pollinized with different available pollens of the _Carya ovata_ and

these set nuts which started to grow, upon which I removed the bags.

From this experiment I found that the Bridgewater did a very good job

of pollenization and it became the tree that I considered as a

compatible mate. Other trees that pollinate well are Kirkland, Deveaux

and Glover; Beaver is not a good pollenizer and I have not experimented

with Fairbanks to know whether it is satisfactory. The catkins grow

vigorously on the Weschcke up to the time that the pollen sacs seem

ready to open, then the catkin drops off. No pollen has ever matured

that I know of. When dried from this state, they yield no pollen.

I told Dr. J. W. McKay about this nearly seven years ago, and he asked

for fresh samples of the catkins at different periods which I mailed to

him in receptacles that he furnished. He wrote me a very nice treatise

on this subject for inclusion in my book which I expected to be

published at that time. The book was never published, however, since

Orange Judd turned it down during the war for lack of paper as the

excuse. I did not try any further to get it published, and since that

time many new things should be added to the hazel hybrid chapter. Dr.

McKay said that he is familiar with this action on the part of nut

trees. I have felt that it was phenomenal since I have had no other such

experience among all the nut trees with which I have experimented.

However, this loss of pollen saves vitality apparently for the

production of several times the pistillate bloom that I have seen on any

other hickory with which I have worked and this apparently accounts for

the prolificacy of the Weschcke when grafted on the native Wisconsin

hickory. (Male-sterility occurs with chestnut and apple.--Ed.)

At first I considered the Weschcke somewhat of a hybrid nut; later I

changed my mind about it and considered it a pure shagbark. I have

reversed my opinion again and consider the possibility of its being

slightly hybrid with bitternut blood. The parent tree at Fayette, Iowa

stood close to big bitternuts. The shell, being the thinnest of all

hickories (known to me) leads me to suspect the hybridity with the

bitternut. It is quite smooth and the ridges are less prominent than in

almost any other hickory except such known hybrids as the Beaver. Its

shape is oval to long and it is flat so that whenever you throw a

handful down to a smooth surface they all assume the same position, and

because of this they would no doubt lend themselves to commercial

cracking as they would feed through the mechanism of a cracking machine

exactly in the same order.

I have not always had such a high opinion of this nut. Dr. Deming has

letters from me which have a disparaging note, and although Dr. Deming

considered it a valuable nut, he has letters from me in which I

indicated that I was sorry that it was not productive and that it had

such a small nut. Both these conditions changed with time and within

twenty years this nut sometimes becomes one of the largest hickories of

the cultivated varieties and its proficacy then probably depended on

correct pollination which I was not aware of in the beginning.

I hope you will pardon me for dwelling so on this hickory, but after

working with hickories for nearly thirty years it certainly seems

remarkable to me that we have such a productive variety that is hardy

this far north and west, that is perfectly at home on the native hickory

roots, and that matures its nuts from September 15 to October 1, is

self-hulling, that has escaped the attack of all sorts of weevils that

infest our native nuts. (I have never found one wormy Weschcke hickory

nut although sometimes you find empty nuts.) This variety also escapes

the spring frosts so that there have been fourteen consecutive years of

bearing without interruption. The foliage is vigorous, has no diseases

so far; the young branches are sometimes cut off by oak tree pruners or

girdlers. This happens to many kinds of trees, including all the oaks,

butternut, black walnut, all the hickories and even the chestnuts. When

you take into consideration the fact, that no other hickory has such a

fine record it makes me very enthusiastic over this variety in spite of

the fact that it bears my name. Were you to classify this hickory from

casual observation, you would think it is a pure shagbark, and it is

only the extreme thinness of shell and the outside appearance pf the nut

shell which indicates some slight hybridity.

Progress with Nuts at Wolfeboro, New Hampshire

MATTHEW LAHTI

Inasmuch as I do not expect to be able to attend the thirty-ninth annual

meeting, I thought I would report to you on the progress of my nut trees

since my letter of a year ago.

Last winter was a severe one in Wolfeboro, New Hampshire (43 deg. 36' north

latitude.) We had more than the usual amount of snow, and although the

temperature did not get down much lower than 25 deg. below zero at my place,

it remained cold for many days at a time without relief. This, and the

fact that last fall was one of the driest seasons on record, plus the

fact that this spring it rained almost continuously for more than a

month, resulted in considerable damage to my nut trees.

My Broadview Persian walnut graft suffered severe damage, with branches

up to two inches in diameter being killed. Whether this was from frost

or lack of moisture in the fall I do not know, but two Crath Persian

walnuts, one of which is situated within fifty feet of the Broadview,

suffered no apparent winter injury at all. Neither Broadview nor Crath

bore any nuts this year, whereas last year the Broadview produced

eighteen nuts.

My Gellatly heartnut also suffered severe winter injury similar to the

Broadview Persian walnut, and after it leafed out it looked as if a fire

had gone through it because of the dead wood. However, it is bearing

thirteen nuts this year.

Strange to say, the black walnut trees did not suffer any winter injury

(the Thomas, set out in the spring of 1939, having been injured in each

previous winter), except that the Tasterite is barren of nuts this year

against a pretty good crop last year. However, the Thomas is bearing a

fair crop, but the nuts are smaller than usual.

While my hickory trees appeared to suffer no winter injury, out of

possibly two dozen that I have planted since 1939 I expect to have only

three left. The number had dwindled to nine last year, and six of those

I am afraid will be dead by the end of next year. These six had done

well for six or seven years. The cause appears to be poor circulation

through the graft union. This is unfortunate as I believe hickory trees

will live and bear fruit in our climate.

I had the usual experience with filberts and hazelnuts, namely that the

catkins were, for the most part, Winter killed. There, are no nuts on

Rush, Barcelona, Medium Long, or Red Lambert, and the Winkler bushes

[self-fertile--Ed.] which bore heavily last year (although the nuts did

not fully ripen), are bearing only a few nuts this year.

Native butternut trees last year bore a heavy crop of nuts. This year,

the crop is very light.

As an experiment, I planted three Chinese chestnuts this spring:

Abundance, Nanking, and a "straight line" seedling. Although I haven't

much hope that they will survive many winters, I thought I would try

them out.

Several people have inquired about nut growing in New Hampshire, and I

have sent them a resume of my experiences.

Breeding Chestnuts in the New York City Area

ALFRED SZEGO, Jackson Heights, New York City

[Part of a letter to the Secretary, October 27, 1948.]

I am one of those members who have not been able to attend annual

meetings. In the two or three years that I have been a member, I have

derived great enjoyment from reading the annual reports and receiving

information through your news bulletin.

Therefore, when I received your improved bulletin, "The Nutshell," I

felt that I and others like me should write and tell you how wonderful

it is.

There is much that I just want to "get off my chest." My past criticism

was that the organization was a bit lethargic. But nut trees are _slow_

in showing results, despite the nurserymen's attractive visions of

quick, big harvests of nuts and even timber!!! This slow patience of the

black walnut has determined the tempo of much of the membership.

+Chestnut Breeding Efforts+

My main work is to attempt to breed two types of chestnuts: (1) One that

is very productive with a low head and will bear nuts like the old

American chestnut. (2) Another that will make a good timber stick. It is

my theory that present chestnut breeders are crossing inferior material,

using any specimens that happen to be in flower at the right time as

long as they represent the species to be crossed.

Suppose they intend to cross _C. crenata_ x _C. dentata_. An average

Japanese chestnut is usually pollinated with flowers from a poor

struggling sprout on the edge of the woods that has only one thing to

recommend it. That is an early bearing characteristic which is inherent,

but which, according to experiments and observations I have tediously

carried out, _is not totally due to ringing by the blight_.

The experiment takes place and a few hybrid nuts are produced. They are

termed (_C. crenata_ x _C. dentata_). It is expected that the

characteristics of the offspring will be somewhere between those of the

two parents in blight resistance and nut size and quality. But what of

the grandparents, the many ancestors of the American chestnut sprout

that have not even the slight resistance of the sprout? Can they not

express their characteristics and hand them, down to their

grandchildren? And some individuals of _C. crenata_ are not reputed to

be so highly blight resistant.

Of course the scientists engaged in this work are men of the highest

calibre and no doubt are aware of this, but it is extremely difficult to

obtain, propagate, and care for named varieties of the finest

individuals of each chestnut species.

Apple, cherry, and other fruit breeders would not dream of crossing

common scrub cull fruit trees and expect any degree of success.

My first task when I began, three years ago, on my coppice growth 35 to

40 year old hardwood forest, was to clear a little land and to begin

planting different world species of _Castanea_.

You would be astonished to find that it was impossible for me to obtain

seed or trees, at the time, of _C. crenata_, _C. seguinii_, _C. pumila_,

_C. henryi_ and _C. alnifolia_. I obtained some 24 seeds of _C.

mollisima_ from Dr. A. H. Graves, for which I was grateful. At the time

he didn't have a good crop, I think. Institutions and government

agencies would not or did not like to release their newly developed

hybrids for fear that I was a nurseryman or perhaps would sell them for

"blight resistant" chestnuts, although they were not yet proven.

+Experiment at Pine Plains+

By diligent search I managed to get a few trees and hybrids of _C.

crenata_ and a variety (seedling of) called "Colossal." These thrived

and survived about 30 deg. below zero under deep snow at Pine Plains, New

York. I also set out 2 bushes (_C. pumila_) obtained from Harlan P.

Kelsey, East Boxford, Massachusetts. Dr. Graves' seed gave fair

germination, and I now have seven nice young _mollisimas_ from 8" to 30"

high. Of two three year old trees I obtained from a local nursery, one

died (my fault) from not reducing the top, and the other died back to

the ground from winterkill, but came back again as sprouts. I easily

obtained seed of _C. sativa_, but the severe winter mowed the seedlings

down and there are only two survivors. One is smaller this year than

last but the other is about 14" high and making slow, straight growth.

The _chinkapins_ are perfectly hardy and this year one of them made _3

feet of growth_.

I estimate that I have some 3,000 to 4,000 American chestnut sprouts

that range anything from 1 to 18 feet in height. But more promising--I

have a cluster of fine young seedlings that I have been caring for. All

the woods were cleared away from them to give them plenty of light. They

are watered by the old hand bucket method in dry spells. I report on

them occasionally to Mr. G. F. Gravatt and Mr. Russell B. Clapper of the

U.S.D.A. They are a faint ray of hope.

Four of them are about from 18 to 20 feet tall. One is about 9 feet

high. One blighted and died two years ago and was removed. Another

blighted at the base and I cut the canker out, but I fear it's going.

One branch is dead and was removed. The others developed strong blight

resistance. Small cankers formed on the lower branches but did not make

headway. I cut some of these out and the trees healed nicely. As the

trees become older, their resistance diminishes and the proof lies

ahead. One tree that I labeled No. 1 has about two dozen, well healed

_Endothia_ scars already. The trees have not bloomed for me yet but I

may have some results soon. I intend to cross this clonal group with the

following:

1. With _C. seguinii_ for greater blight resistance and productivity.

2. With _C. mollisima_ (var. Abundance) for blight resistance, fine nuts

of medium size, and a good timber stick with good vigor.

3. With large Japanese like Austin, and their hybrids like "Colossal,"

for a medium size nut of fair quality and highly prolific for the

general market for a cooking or roasting chestnut.

Though many people dislike the Japanese chestnuts, they are at least

productive and hardy (at my place). Their chief attribute is their

possibility as food for stock and wildlife. Some of the same people who

dislike them (among nurserymen) recommend planting oaks which certainly

do not compare with _C. crenata_. When a very "sweet" acorn is found it

is proclaimed to be "as good as Japanese chestnut."

The Chinese chestnut has its faults here. It is not very thrifty in

growth here and as a rule doesn't bear until late. It is not very

productive and the nuts spoil easily. I have since planted much seed

from the south and it often doesn't even get here in a viable condition.

+Assistance from Beltsville+

My work has lately been facilitated by Mr. Gravatt and Mr. Clapper. I

visited them at Beltsville and Mr. Clapper personally toured the orchard

with me at Glenn Dale, showing me the kind of helpful courtesy that one

never forgets and that is a tribute to these men.

Some promising material was given to me which will greatly facilitate my

work. Mr. Gravatt suggested the use of "Ammate" as an experiment to

poison trees that interfere with any American chestnut growth I wish to

save. The experiment is intended to eliminate the resulting sprouts that

accompany girdling. Incidentally, part of the experiment is to attempt

to give light and cultivation and fertilizer to 100 native chestnut

sprouts in a four acre area.

I have some information on American chestnut sprouts that may be of

interest to the membership. In an endeavor to locate the best American

material, I have been combing the woods and thickets on Long Island, in

New Jersey, Connecticut, and parts of Dutchess County, New York (the

latter not extensively). Many thousands of sprouts were examined to

discover the following:

_Their present status._

1. Sprouts occur almost always in woodlands.

2. They reach their greatest height and are most luxuriant at the edge

of woodlands or in clearings therein.

3. They rarely exceed 15 feet in height and reach a diameter of about

three inches.

4. One in many hundreds, and only where there is light in abundance,

will bear flowers.

5. One in many thousands bears female or pistillate flowers which

sometimes produce "blind" or empty nuts. [Unpollinated--ED.]

6. Rarely, indeed very rarely, are two flowering trees close enough to

produce viable seed.

7. There are a few seedlings that are single stem upright trees (no old

stump in evidence) that reach up to 20 and rarely 25 or 30 feet in

height with a diameter of 6" or so.

(Mr. R. B. Clapper thinks it is probably due to the absence of an old,

infected stump that this greater height is reached.)

8. Ringing by the blight does not necessarily force the flowers and

nuts. The woodlands abound with chestnut sprouts in all stages of

girdling without pollen or fruit.

When I have my trees in bearing, I will be glad to furnish pollen and

nuts from them to anyone that pursues the important work of trying to

improve what I consider the most promising nut tree we yet know.

Winter Injury to Nut Trees at Ithaca, New York, in the Fall and Winter

of 1947-48

L. H. MacDANIELS and DAMON BOYNTON, Ithaca, N. Y.

The winter of 1947-48 caused more damage to nut trees at Ithaca, New

York, than any since 1933-34. It was a combination of a series of early

freezes followed by sub-zero temperature in mid-winter. Apparently the

most injury was done by the fall freezes. These occurred on September

25, 26, and 27. On each successive night the temperature dropped lower

than the preceding, and on September 27 was around 20 deg.F. There was

considerable variation in temperature related to exposure, air drainage

conditions, and other factors.

On West Hill in Ithaca the minimum temperature recorded on September 27

was 23 deg.F. Injury to leaves and nuts was severe. Within a few days the

leaves had shrivelled and dried on the trees. It was apparent that this

early freeze came before the abscission layers were formed in the leaf

bases or growth matured. Ordinarily, a hard freeze late in the season

will cause the trees to drop the leaves the next day. The nuts on the

trees were frozen solid and mostly turned black within a few days and

began to shrivel. Development was stopped, with the result that the nuts

on all varieties were very poorly filled. The cavities appeared on first

cracking to be full of kernel, but on drying these shrunk so that they

were practically valueless. Some of the nuts were planted in a nursery

row in the fall and germinated fairly early, showing viable embryos in

spite of arrested development.

During the winter the temperature fell to -25 deg.F, a temperature which

ordinarily would not damage black walnuts seriously. It is impossible to

separate the effect of the low winter temperatures from that of the

early freeze in September. In this location the net result of the early

freeze and the severe winter was to kill vigorously growing grafts on

the walnut trees. Also the cambium in the main crotches of a Stambaugh

tree with a trunk about 14 inches in diameter was killed. This tree was

destroyed in a windstorm in August, 1948, but it is not clear that the

breakage was related to the winter killing in 1947-48. None of the trees

now has a good crop, which may be or may not be related to the frost in

the fall. It is entirely possible that failure to form blossom buds is

caused either by killing of bud primordia or more likely by depletion of

carbohydrate reserves due to the loss of leaves in early fall.

One seedling of Carpathian walnut was not damaged seriously except for

some slight terminal twig killing. Another tree, however, had most of

the smaller branches killed. Hickories and chestnuts were apparently

not seriously damaged but some seedlings of the Japanese walnut were

killed to the ground.

+Walnut and Hickory Plantings+

At the orchard of the Department of Pomology of Cornell University there

is a large collection of walnut and hickory varieties and other nut

trees. It is not known exactly what the temperatures were in this

location but an exposed location half a mile distant had a minimum

September temperature recorded of 24 deg.F. and minimum winter temperature

of -20 deg.F. The planting in question is on two levels and on a hillside.

The damage on the hillside and the upper level was relatively less than

on the lowlands where apparently the air drainage was poor. Probably the

temperature in the lowlands may have reached 20 deg.F. in September and

-25 deg.F. in the winter. At any rate, the damage to the trees was much more

severe than in the West Hill location where the temperature reached

23 deg.F. in September.

Injury to the black walnut on the higher land and on the hillside was

mostly the killing back of the twigs and smaller branches. On some

trees, the petioles of last year's leaves were still attached to the

dead twigs late the following summer, showing that the freeze occurred

before the abscission layers had formed. The dozen or more varieties of

black walnut on the higher land showed little difference between them

except that the Elmer Myers showed somewhat greater injury. On the low

ground, many varieties including Murphy, Edmunds, Benton, Ohio, Todd,

and Stambaugh were killed to the ground or back to the main branches of

the trunk. Of three Thomas trees, about 20 years old, one was killed

outright, one severely injured, and the other injured only in the twigs.

Apparently the difference in these three trees was related to the size

of the crop on the trees, although no definite data are available on

this point. Walnuts showing little or no injury were: Mintle and

Tasterite. Neither of these had had a crop in 1947.

Many of the varieties of hickory were injured as was the native

bitternut, _Carya cordiformis_. This injury consisted mostly of the

killing back of the lower limbs and twigs with some varieties being

killed outright. Killing of the lower limbs as compared with the tops of

the trees is probably related to lower temperatures near the ground due

to temperature inversion and possibly to the fact that the lower

branches were somewhat weaker in their growth. This sort of injury is

common with fruit trees.

On the higher ground the Chinese chestnut trees planted some 20 years

ago showed considerable injury. About 50% of them were killed and others

were damaged in the lower branches. Chestnut trees in this planting had

all survived the cold winter of 1933-34, with winter temperatures below

-30 deg.F., so that it is probable that the early freeze of September 27 was

responsible for their death.

Japanese walnut seedlings again showed great difference in hardiness,

the more tender seedlings killing to the ground and others showing

little damage.

Northern pecans on higher ground showed severe damage, the killing

extending to the trunk and larger limbs. The variety Burlington, which

is a hybrid, pecan x shagbark, showed little injury.

In a planting of several hundred seedling black walnut trees in another

location the temperature on September 27 was probably around 18-20 deg.F.

About 20% of the trees were killed to the ground. These trees were

growing under a sod mulch, were not overly vigorous, and for the most

part had not come into fruiting.

In the 1947-48 winter about half of the sweet cherries in the Pomology

orchard were killed and peaches were severely injured. No injury was

apparent on apple trees.

Weather conditions such as occurred in 1947-48, though unusual, are to

be expected occasionally in the latitude of Ithaca, and in fact

throughout the northern states. Apparently the fall freeze was

widespread as it was almost impossible to obtain any black walnuts that

were of any value. Some of the specimens received from other sources

obviously had been frozen. The possibility of such damage might well be

a deterrent on planting black walnuts in any considerable acreage as a

commercial venture in the north. The experience of the past year

certainly emphasizes the fact that as yet our knowledge of varieties is

incomplete and also that the Northern Nut Growers Association has much

work to do in either locating or developing varieties of greater

hardiness or with growth characteristics which provide early maturity

and thus immunity from early frost damage.

What Came Through the Hard Winter in Ontario

GEORGE HEBDEN CORSAN, Islington, Ontario

For winter killing of trees I refer you to the winter of 1947-48. I had

a huge elm and a very tall white ash killed. A lot of black walnuts and

heartnuts and some Persian (English) walnuts were killed back the length

of last year's growth. Some Persian walnuts were killed to the ground

while others were not even nipped off of a bud. Very strange to say, my

best Persian walnut---whose shell is very thin, whose meats are very

sweet and fat, the tree itself a fast grower, prolific and

self-pollenizing--not only did not show a sign of trouble but actually

had a crop of most excellent nuts. _These trees only_ will I distribute

in future, as well as my two types of "Rumanian Giants." The Rumanian

Giants did show a little winter killing of two or three inches of the

tips and showed up poorly on the crop size.

I find that all my Russian walnuts [_J. regia_, probably

"Carpathian"--Ed.] run true to seed--no bitter nuts as from north China.

They evidently planted the sweet nuts only, thus eliminating the bitter

types; they knew and practiced no budding or grafting in [that part of]

Russia. Astounding to say, filberts came through last winter in

excellent shape, but the terrible, cold, late spring, froze all male

blossoms but those of the "Jones Hybrid" types, which I have from seeds

I sowed. These latter yielded a good crop of nuts as did Brixnut

seedlings.

Not a butternut on a tree nor a beechnut! Some black walnuts were loaded

while others were quite empty.

And so I predicted--last September--a mild, open winter with some cold

days. [His prediction was good for his locality.--Ed.]

My "Senator Pepper" hybrid (butternut x heartnut cross) had a crop but

my "David Fairchild" had some empty and some full. My "Mitchell hybrid"

had a good crop and, believe me, this nut is far away ahead of the

Mitchell heartnut and up against the world for cracking out clean. It

will equal an almond, and as for taste, it is so far ahead of a Brazil

nut that the Brazil nut would rank D 3 beside it.

I still believe in seed planting, even for speed of eventual growth.

Last October I climbed up a black walnut tree I planted in mid-World War

I. From the top of it I looked away down to the tops of electric power

poles!

Filberts Grow in Vermont

JOSEPH N. COLLINS, R.F.D. No. 3, Putney, Vermont

Fifteen years ago I set out a few hundred nut trees and bushes. The

Chinese chestnuts are not doing very well, as they needed more attention

than I could give them. Honeylocusts, in this climate, require more

time. At present I can report only on seedling filberts. The seeds for

these plants were collected from the four corners of the world. Some of

the seedlings perished, lots of them were discarded as unworthy. At

present I am setting out two acres of the ones that stood up well under

the test.

The filbert (_Corylus avellana_) is a bush 15 to 20 feet tall and the

bushes should be planted 20 to 25 feet apart. It doesn't mind partial

shade, requires no spraying and very little pruning. Like the red

raspberry, it is easily propagated by suckers. Most of my bushes started

producing when they were four years old and now in their fourteenth

year, drop about 15 pounds of large fine nuts each September. They stand

up well under the rigorous Vermont climate, at an elevation of 1,000

feet. Knowing as much about their growing habits as I do, I believe that

a steady winter with plenty of snow on the ground and a late spring that

isn't fickle, is well suited for filbert growing in the Northeast. The

need for wind protection and good air and water drainage cannot be

over-emphasized.

There are a few reasons why I should advise against growing filberts in

tree fashion--with a single trunk, as they are mostly grown on the West

Coast. The catkins of the filbert develop during the summer, lie dormant

through the winter, and shed their pollen very early in the spring.

Should the temperature fall as low as -35 deg.F, the catkins winterkill. To

overcome this shortcoming, I bend down and peg to the ground, in the

late fall, a few slim shoots with dormant catkins, so that the snow, or

some other mulching material supplied when there is insufficient snow,

will cover and protect the catkins from winterkilling.

By the end of March, after a stretch of fair weather, two tiny red

tongues appear at the tips of some of the leaf buds. These are the

pollen catching parts of the pistillate flowers. If the winter was kind,

the filbert bushes will be a riot of golden catkins, shedding their

pollen. If the catkins remain dormant when the pistillate flowers bloom,

they have been winterkilled, and the bent down reserves have to be

called up. These being protected during the winter, on being bent back

to their original position, will come into bloom in a few days,

pollenizing the waiting pistillate flowers. Bees eagerly seek this, one

of the earliest pollens. The now fertilized flowers, which always stayed

inside the buds, go back to sleep for about two months; they are safe

from the "North Easter," from late freezes, or from snow. When filberts

are grown naturally, that is with many shoots from the ground, it is

easy to harvest them by shaking the slender shoots. I hand hoed my

bushes for the first three years, and gave them a permanent mulch over

the whole area, adding some material each year.

I am inclined to believe that part of my success with filberts is due to

mulching. In the middle of summer, I apply a 4" cover of low grade hay,

and in the fall I again cover the ground with fallen leaves. Due to the

ideal conditions thus created (optimum temperature and moisture) for

soil bacteria and earthworms, this material is entirely digested. The

mulching material almost disappears by the middle of the next summer,

indicating vigorous biological activity. By this time a new layer of

mulch is spread, completing the cycle. Late in the fall a load of manure

is heaped in the middle of the plantation as an earthworm refuge. This

heap is scattered early in the spring. Light applications of wood ashes

and super-phosphate are given yearly, late in the fall.

In conclusion, I wish to state that selected varieties of filbert nuts

can be grown in the Northeast. Hybrids between the American and European

filbert are good growers and producers, although I find that the flavor

of the nut isn't as good as that of the pure _avellana_. I would advise

the planting of a dozen bushes by each of a great number of persons

further to prove the possibilities of growing this specific nut in the

New England area, also to promote the idea of growing both feed and food

on trees and bushes.

Report of Necrology Committee

C. E. SCHUSTER

Carl E. Schuster, horticulturist with the U. S. Department of

Agriculture stationed on the Oregon State College campus and generally

recognized as the nation's foremost authority on filbert production,

died February 6, 1948, in Corvallis as a result of a heart attack. At

the time of his death, he was 58.

Associated with the Northwest's growing nut industry for more than 30

years, he was recognized for his outstanding contributions to filbert

and walnut production. One of his first and most outstanding

developments was related to the pollination requirements of filbert

trees. After research proved the common commercial filbert variety, the

Barcelona, was self-sterile, he recommended to filbert growers that they

plant DuChilly, Daviana and White Aveline filbert trees with their

Barcelona to insure complete pollination. Full crops resulted.

+Organized Summer Tours+

For approximately 20 years prior to 1941, he served as

secretary-treasurer of the Western Nut Growers Association. In this

capacity he assisted in starting the summer tours which have been

carried on continuously since. He helped guide the Association through

its early years to a position of importance among the commodity groups

of the state. In 1941, he was forced to relinquish his office as a

result of the enactment of a federal regulation. At this time, he was

given an honorary life membership in the Association.

In recent years, he devoted major attention to orchard management with

emphasis on fertilization and general nutrition needs of nut trees. In

this work he co-operated with Dr. R. E. Stephenson at Oregon State

College. Their outstanding development was in the field Of boron

deficiency in walnuts.

Walnut production of many orchards, they discovered, could be increased

two and three fold by the addition of borax fertilizer. The presence of

"snake heads" or sprouts in summer walnut growth and "die-back" or

winter kill noticeable in some walnut trees during the winter months are

now generally recognized as signs of boron deficiency.

+Wrote Many Nut Articles+

Other work in walnuts proved that fertilizer applications can and do

pay. Prior to this work with resulting fertilizer recommendations, many

walnut growers had not made heavy enough applications on certain soil

types and felt that fertilizers were not worthwhile in walnut

production.

Mr. Schuster was the author of many articles pertaining to nut culture.

In the 10 years he was on the staff of the college horticulture

department before entering federal service, he made an outstanding

record in teaching and research. With other scientists he worked in

developing a successful pollination program for cherries. This work was

carried on after it was determined that the three leading cherry

varieties, Royal Ann, Bing, and Lambert, were all self-sterile and

intersterile.

A native of Ohio, he came to Oregon in 1912 to attend Oregon State

College after having completed two years at Ohio Wesleyan. He received a

B.S. degree in agriculture in 1914 and two years later, 1916, received

his master's degree.

He joined the college staff three years later and remained until 1929,

when he took the federal position he held until his death. He was a

veteran of World War I, having served as an infantry second lieutenant.

He was a member of Alpha Zeta Sigma Xi, and Gamma Sigma Delta honor

societies and was a life-long member of the Evangelical church, which

has since merged with the United Brethren church.

He is survived by Mrs. Schuster and four children, Charles, Robert and

Margaret--all Oregon State College students, and Flora, a high school

student. A brother, Dr. Earl J, Schuster, lives at Tillamook.--Reprinted

from _Better Fruit_ magazine.

MRS. LAURA SELDEN ELLWANGER

Mrs. Laura Selden Ellwanger, member of one of Rochester's pioneer

families, died at her home, 510 East Avenue, Rochester, New York on

September 1, 1948, after a short illness.

She was the widow of William D. Ellwanger, whose father, George

Ellwanger, was a co-founder of the Ellwanger & Barry Nursery Company.

Her brother, George B. Selden, was inventor of the gasoline automobile,

and her father, Henry R. Selden, was a New York State Court of Appeals

judge and one-time lieutenant governor of the state.

Mrs. Ellwanger was the last survivor of 12 children in the Selden

family. Her maternal grandfather, Dr. Abel Baldwin, settled in Clarkson

in 1811, just a year before Rochester was founded. She was born in a

house on the land now occupied by the Highland Hospital. One of her

sisters, Louise, was the wife of Maj. Gen. Elwell C. Otis, former

governor of the Philippine Islands.

Mrs. Ellwanger spent many summers at her home, Brookwood, in Ontario,

Wayne County.

She was honorary president of the Rochester Female Charitable Society,

one of the city's oldest organizations, and a member of the Rochester

Historical Society, The Rochester Garden Club, Genesee Valley Club, and

the Rochester Rose Society.

She is survived by a daughter, Mrs. Kenneth H. Field, of Rochester; two

granddaughters, Mrs. John F. Weis, Jr., of New York City, and Mrs. Edwin

II, Atwood, Jr., Rochester, and four great-grandchildren.

(The above, is from a Rochester newspaper clipping.--Ed.)

M. M. KAUFMAN

(The secretary received the following letter from Mrs. M. M. Kaufman,

dated March 17, 1949.)

"I regret to advise you that my husband, M. M. Kaufman (Clarion,

Pennsylvania), a member of the Association for many years, died March 3,

1948.

"My husband was a strong, conservationist and always appreciated the

work of the Nut Growers. In continuing his interests, I should like to

join the Association, and I am enclosing my check for $8.00 to cover

dues of $3.00.... and $5.00 as a contribution in my husband's name for

furthering the work of the group."

NORMAN B. WARD

Norman B. Ward, a new member, with offices at 866 Hanna Bldg., Cleveland

15, Ohio, was reported deceased in September, 1948. No obituary notice

has been received for him.

Attendance

R. P. Allaman, Harrisburg Pennsylvania

Mrs. R. P. Allaman, Harrisburg Pennsylvania

Stephen Bernath, Poughkeepsie, New York

Mrs. Stephen Bernath, Poughkeepsie, New York

Charles B. Berst, Erie, Pennsylvania

Frank B. Blow, Norris, Tennessee

Gertrude R. Blow, Norris, Tennessee

Mrs. L. C. Brann, Knoxville, Tennessee

John T. Bregger, Clemson, South Carolina

Carroll D. Bush, Eagle Creek, Oregon

J. Edwin Caruthers, Alpine, Tennessee

Wm. S. Clarke, Jr., Dept, of Horticulture, State College, Pennsylvania

B. C. Cobb, Norris, Tennessee

Miss Mary R. Cochran, Cincinnati, Ohio

C. E. Connally, Roanoke, Virginia

Mrs. C. E. Connally, Roanoke, Virginia

Thomas S. Cox, 103 Hotel Avenue, Knoxville. 18, Tennessee

H. L. Crane, 6822 Pineway, Hyattsville, Maryland

Frank B. Cross, Oklahoma A & M College, Stillwater, Oklahoma

Mrs. Frank B. Cross, Stillwater, Oklahoma

W. H. Cummings, Fountain City, Tennessee

Mrs. W. H. Cummings, Fountain City, Tennessee

Helen E, Davidson, 234 E. Second St., Xenia, Ohio

John Davidson, Xenia, Ohio

Margaret Davidson, Xenia, Ohio

Elora Donnelly, Hoboken, New Jersey

John H. Donnelly, Hoboken, New Jersey

Brooks D. Drain, Knoxville, Tennessee

Martin D. Ehlmann, St. Charles, Missouri

Mrs. Martin D. Ehlmann, St. Charles, Missouri

R. W. Fisher, West Plains, Missouri

A. E. France, Charleston, West Virginia

Wilbert M. Frye, Pleasant Dale, West Virginia

F. C. Galle, Dept, of Horticulture, Univ. of Tenn., Knoxville, Tennessee

H. R. Gibbs, 803 William St., Front Royal, Virginia

Mrs. Bessie J. Gibbs, 803 William St., Front Royal, Virginia

Jack Godwin, Signal Mountain, Tennessee

G. H. Gordon, Union, South Carolina

Dr. Edward A. Grad & Family, Cincinnati, Ohio

G. F. Gravatt, Plant Industry Station, Beltsville, Maryland.

Dr. Clyde Gray, Horton, Kansas

G. A. Gray, Cincinnati, Ohio

John L. Gray, Raleigh, North Carolina

Henry Gressel, Mohawk, New York

Mrs. Henry Gressel, Mohawk, New York

Earl C. Haines, Shanks, West Virginia

Max Hardy, Sr., Albany, Georgia

Mrs. Max Hardy, Sr., Albany, Georgia

Max Hardy, Jr., Albany, Georgia

Hubert Harris, Auburn, Alabama

John F. Hatmaker, Norris, Tennessee

Agnes V. Hendricks, Knoxville, Tennessee

A. G. Hirschi, 414 N. Robinson St., Oklahoma City, Oklahoma

C. F. Hostetter, Lancaster, Pennsylvania

Mrs. C. F. Hostetter, Lancaster, Pennsylvania

Bruce Howell, Sweetwater, Tennessee

C. B. Howell, Jr., Knoxville, Tennessee

Lilian Jenkins, Norris, Tennessee

Denman A. Jones, Walnut Grove Farms, Parkesburg, Pennsylvania

G. S. Jones, Rt. I, Box 140, Phenix City, Alabama

Mrs. Tinman W. Jones, Walnut Grove Farm, Parkesburg, Pa.

Raymond Kays, Oklahoma A & M College, Stillwater, Oklahoma

J. B. Kingrohm, Knoxville, Tennessee

G. J. Korn, 140 N. Rose St., Kalamazoo, Michigan

Ira M. Kyhl, Sabula, Iowa

E. W. Lemke, Detroit 14, Michigan

R. C. Lorenz, Fremont, Ohio

Mrs. R. C. Lorenz, Fremont, Ohio

W. W. Magill, Lexington, Kentucky

D. E. Manges, Norris, Tennessee

J. C. Moore, Auburn, Alabama

R. G. Moore, Dept, of Hort., V. P. I., Blacksburg, Va.

Dr. C. A. Moss, Williamsburg, Kentucky

John T, Mullins, Renfro Valley, Kentucky

H. O. Murphy, Chattanooga, Tennessee

Dr. L. H. MacDaniels, Ithaca, New York

Mrs. L. H. MacDaniels, Ithaca, New York

Frances C. MacDaniels, Ithaca, New York

F. J. McCauley, 233 West Erie St., Chicago 10, Illinois

Elizabeth L. McCollum, White Hall, Maryland

Blaine McCollum, White Hall, Maryland

J. C. McDaniel, 403 State Office Bldg., Nashville 3, Tenn.

Mrs. Herbert Negus, Mt, Rainier, Maryland

James R. Oakes, Bluffs, Illinois

Royal Oakes, Bluffs, Illinois

Mrs. Vincent L. Odum, San Diego, California

Robert E. Ogle, Tenn. Experiment Sta., Knoxville, Tennessee

F. L. O'Rourke, East Lansing, Michigan

E. L. Overholser, Dept. of Hort., V. P. I., Blacksburg, Virginia

Roger W. Pease, Morgantown, West Virginia

Gordon Porter, Windsor, Ontario, Canada

Sara M. Potts, Knoxville, Tennessee

Carl Prell, South Bend, Indiana

Edna M. Pritchett, 803 William St., Front Royal, Virginia

Ralph H. Quick, Lesage, West Virginia

G. B. Rhodes, Route 2, Covington, Tennessee

Mrs. G. B. Rhodes, Route 2, Covington, Tennessee

Ralph, Richterkessing, R. R. 1, St. Charles, Missouri

Mrs. Ralph Richterkessing, R. R. 1, St. Charles, Missouri

David Richterkessing, R. R. 1, St. Charles, Missouri

John Rick, Reading, Pennsylvania

W. Jobe Robinson, Route 7, Jackson, Tennessee

Mrs. W. Jobe Robinson, Route 7, Jackson, Tennessee

Dr. Wm. L. Rohrbacher, 811 East College St., Iowa City, Iowa

Mrs. Wm. L. Rohrbacher, 811 East College St., Iowa City, Iowa

Ralph Schreiber, Sr., 245 Cherry St., New Albany, Indiana

Ralph Schreiber, Jr., 245 Cherry St., New Albany, Indiana

T. L. Senn, Clemson, South Carolina

W. A. Shadow, Decatur, Tennessee

Maurice E. Shamer, M. D. & Son, Baltimore, Maryland

Sylvester Shessler, Genoa, Ohio

Mrs. E. D. Shipley, Knoxville, Tennessee

G. B. Shivery, Knoxville, Tennessee

Raymond E. Silvis, Massillon, Ohio

Frances Simpson, Norris, Tennessee

George L. Slate, Geneva, New York

Barbara Sly, Rockport, Indiana

Donald R. Sly, Indiana Nut Nursery, Rockport, Indiana

Louesa M. Sly, Rockport, Indiana

Raymond E. Sly, Rockport, Indiana

Sterling Smith, 630 W. South St., Vermilion, Ohio

H. F. Stoke, Roanoke, Virginia

Mrs. H. F. Stoke, Roanoke, Virginia

Bernard M. Taylor, Alpine, Tennessee

Clifford R. Von Gundy, Cincinnati, Ohio

Ford Wallick, Peru, Indiana

Arthur Weaver, 3339 South St., Toledo, Ohio

Harry R. Weber, Morgan Road, Rt. 1, Cleves, Ohio

Mrs. Martha R. Weber, Morgan Road, Rt. 1, Cleves, Ohio

J. F. Wilkinson, Indiana Nut Nursery, Rockport, Indiana

Mrs. R. Allen Williams, Chicago, Illinois

William J. Wilson, Fort Valley, Georgia

Mrs. William J. Wilson, Fort Valley, Georgia

T. G. Zarger, Norris, Tennessee

Mrs. T. G. Zarger, Norris, Tennessee

Mrs. G. A. Zimmerman, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

Membership Listings

Miss Helen Lewis, of the secretary's office, has corrected the following

alphabetical list of members by states and countries, up to May 1, 1949,

and further additions up to press time will be added below "Wisconsin",

if space permits. We are listing also the members' occupations, so far

as they have been furnished, and ask that other members who want them

listed include this information when they pay their dues for the coming

year. Please check on your own listing now, and notify the secretary if

any correction in the name or address (including zone number) should be

made.

Northern Nut Growers Association

Membership List as of May 1, 1949

*Life Member

**Honorary Member

ALABAMA

Campbell, R. D., Route 1, Stevenson. +Farmer, mine operator.+

Dean, Charles C., Route 3, Box 220, Anniston

Orr, Lovic, Route 1, Danville. +Farmer, chestnut and peach grower,

merchant.+

ARKANSAS

Clawitter, A. T., Route 3, Box 210, Little Rock

Hale, A. C., Route 2, Box 322, Camden

Van Arsdale, D. N., Route 4, Berryville

Williams, Jerry F., Viola

Winn, J. B., West Fork

CALIFORNIA

Armstrong Nurseries, 408 N. Euclid Avenue, Ontario. +General nurserymen,

plant breeders.+

Gaston, Eugene T., Route 2, Box 771, Turlock. +Nut nurseryman,

Turlock Nursery+

Haig, Dr. Thomas R., 3344 H. Street, Sacramento. +Surgeon+

Kemple, W. H., 216 West Ralston Street, Ontario. +Nurseryman, plant,

breeder and research horticulturist.+

Nicholson, Thomas B., 1017 N. Ophir Street, Stockton

Parsons, Charles E., Felix Gillett Nursery, P. O. Box 1026, Nevada City.

+Nurseryman.+

Pozzi, P. H., 2875 South Dutton Avenue, Santa Rosa

Serr, E. F., Agri. Experiment Station, Davis. +Associate Pomologist.+

Walter, E. D., 899 Alameda, Berkeley

Welby, Harry S., 500 Buchanan Street, Taft. +Private & Corporation

Horticulture.+

Williams, Edward L., Sheepranch

CANADA

Brown, Alger, Route 1, Harley, Ontario. +Farmer.+

Cahoon, Dr. E. B., 333 O'Connor Drive, Toronto 6, Ontario

Casanave, John A., 209 Patterson Rd., Lulu Island, Vancouver, B. C.

Cornell, R. S., R. R. No. 1, Byron, Ontario

Corsan, George H., Echo Valley, Islington, Ontario. +Nurseryman,

nut breeder.+

Crisp, Dr. Allan G., Suite 204, 160 Eloor Street West, Toronto, Ontario

Elwood, H., 78 Trans Canada Highway West, Chilliwack, B. C. +Nurseryman.+

English, H. A., Box 153, Duncan, B. C. +Farmer, fruit and nut grower.+

Filman, O., Aldershot, Ontario. +Fruit and vegetable grower.+

Gellatly, J. U., Box 19, Westbank, B. C. +Plant breeder. Fruit grower &

nurseryman.+

Giegerich, H. C., Con-Mine, Trail, B. C.

Goodwin, Geoffrey L., Route 3, St. Catherines, Ontario. +Fruit grower.+

Harrhy, Ivor H., Route 1, Burgessville, Ontario

Housser, Levi, Rt. No. 1, Beamsville, Ontario, +Fruit farmer.+

Maillene, George, R. R. 1, Saanichton, B. C.

Manten, Jacob, Route 1, White Rock, B. C.

*Neilson, Mrs. Ellen, 5 Macdonald Avenue, Guelph, Ontario

Papple, Elton E., Route 3, Cainsville, Ontario

Porter, Gordon, R. R. No. 1, Harrow, Ontario. +Chemist+

Snazelle, Robert, Forest Nursery, Dept. of Industry & Resources,

140 Cumberland St., Charlotteville, P. E. I.

Trayling, E. J., 609 Richards Street, Vancouver, B. C. +Jeweller.+

Wagner, A. S., Delhi, Ontario

Wharton, H. W., Route 2, Guelph, Ontario. +Farmer.+

Willis, A. R., Route 1, Royal Oak, Vancouver Island, B. C.

Young, A. H., Portage La Prairie, Manitoba

Young, A. L., Brooks, Alta.

CONNECTICUT

*Deming, Dr. W. C., 31 S. Highland, West Hartford 7.

+(Dean of the Association)+

Giesecke, Paul. R.F.D. 3, Pinewood Road, Stamford. +Physicist.+

Graham, Mrs. Cooper, Darien

Graves, Dr. Arthur H., 255 South Main Street, Wallingford +Consulting

Pathologist, Conn. Agr. Expt. Station, New Haven, Connecticut.

*Huntington, A. M., Stanerigg Farms, Bethel

McSweet, Arthur Clapboard Hill Road Guilford. +Industrial Engineer.+

*Newmaker, Adolph, Route 1, Rockville

Pratt, George D., Jr., Bridgewater

White, George F., Route 2, Andover

DELAWARE

Brugman, Elmer W., 1904 Washington Street, Wilmington.

+Chemical Engineer.+

Wilkins, Lewis, Route 1, Newark. +Fruit grower.+

DENMARK

Granjean, Julie, Hillerod. (See New York.)

Knuth, Count F. M., Knuthenborg, Bandholm

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

American Potash Institute, Inc., 1155-16th St., N.W., Washington, D. C.

Borchers, Perry E., 1329 Quincy Street, N.W., Washington 11, D. C.

+Civil Engineer.+

Ford, Edwin L., 3634 Austin St., N.E., Washington 20.

Graff, George U., 242 Peabody Street, N. W., Washington, 11, D. C.

Kaan, Dr. Helen W., National Research Council, 2101 Constitution Ave.,

Washington, D. C. +Research Associate.+

**Reed, C. A., 7309 Piney Branch Road, N. W., Washington 12, D. C.

+Nut Culturist.+

ECUADOR

SOUTH AMERICA

Colwell, P. A., Institute of Inter-American Affairs, c/o American

Embassy, Quito.

FLORIDA

Avant, C. A., 960 N. W. 10th Avenue, Miami. +Pecan grower.+

Estill, Gertrude, 153 Navarre Drive, Miami Springs. +General Manager.+

GEORGIA

Eidson, G. Clyde, 1700 Westwood Ave., S.W., Atlanta

Hammar, Dr. Harold E., U. S. Pecan Field Station, Box 84, Albany.

+Chemist, U.S.D.A.+

Hardy, Max, P. O. Box 128, Leeland Farms, Leesburg. +Nurseryman, farmer.+

Hobsen, James, Jasper

Hunter, Dr. H. Reid. 561 Lake Shore Drive, N. E., Atlanta.

+Teacher and farmer.+

Neal, Homer A., Neal's Nursery, Rt. 1. Carnesville. +Farmer, nurseryman.+

Noland, S. C., P. O. Box 1747, Atlanta 1. +Owner of Skyland Farms.+

Wilson, William J., North Anderson Avenue, Fort Valley.

+Fruit and nut orchardist.+

IDAHO

Baisch, Fred, 627 E. Main Street, Emmett

Dryden, Lynn, Peck. +Farmer.+

Kudlac, Joe T., Box 147, Buhl. +Orchardist.+

McGoran, J. E., Box 42, Spirit Lake. +Nurseryman.+

Steele, A. A., John Steel Orchards, Parma. +Manager of Orchard.+

Swayne, Samuel F., Orofino

ILLINOIS

Albrecht, H. W., Delavan

Allen, Theodore R., Delavan

Anthony, A. B., Route 3, Sterling. +Apiarist.+

Baber, Adlin, Kansas

Best, R. B., Eldred. +Farmer.+

Bradley, James W., 1307 N. McKinley Ave., Champaign

Bronson, Earle A., 800 Simpson Street, Evanston

Churchill, Woodford M., 4323 Oakenwold, Chicago

Coe, John E., 2024 Sunnyside Avenue, Chicago 25

Colby, Dr. Arthur S., University of Illinois, Urbana

Dietrich, Ernest, Route 2, Dundas. +Farmer.+

Dintelman, L. F., State Street Road, Belleville

Erkman, John O., 103 N. Lincoln Street, Urbana

Fordtran, E. H., 8700 Fullerton Avenue, Chicago 47

Frey, Frank H., 2315 West 108th Place, Chicago 48.

+Assistant to V. P., C B I & P R. R.+

Frey, Mrs. Frank H., 2315 West 108th Place, Chicago 48. +Housewife.+

Gerardi, Louis, Route 1, Caseyville. +Nut and fruit nurseryman.+

Grefe, Ben, R. R. 4, Box 22, Nashville. +Farmer.+

Haeseler, L. M., 1959 W. Madison St., Chicago

Heborlein, Edward W., Route 1, Box 72 A, Roscoe

Helmle, Herman C., 526 S. Grand Avenue, W., Springfield.

+Division Engineer, Asphalt Institute.+

Hockenyos, C. L., 213 E. Jefferson Street, Springfield. +Business man.+

Johnson, Hjalmar, W., 5811 Dorchester Avenue, Chicago 37

Jungk, Adolph, 817 Washington Avenue, Alton

Kreider, Ralph, Jr., Hammond

Langdoc, Mrs. Wesley W., P. O. Box 136, Erie. +(J. F. Jones Nursery)+

Oakes, Royal, Bluffs (Scott County)

Pray, A. Lee, 502 North Main Street, LeRoy. +Attorney.+

Seaton, Earl D., 2313 6th, Peru. +Machinist.+

Sonemann, W. F., Experimental Gardens, Vandalla.

+Lawyer and farm operator.+

Whitford, A. M., Farina. +Horticulturist.+

INDIANA

Arata, J. W., R. R. 2, Box 28, Osceola. +Mechanical Engineer.+

Bauer, Paul J., 123 South 29th Street, Lafayette

Behr, J. E., Laconia

Boyer, Clyde C., Nabb

Buckner, Dr. Doster, 421 W. Wayne Street, Ft. Wayne 2.

+Physician and Surgeon.+

Clark, C. M., c/o C. M. Clark & Sons Nurseries, R. R. 2, Middletown

+Fruit & nursery stock.+

Eagles, A. E., Eagles Orchards, Wolcottville. +Apple grower.+

Eisterhold, Dr. John A., 220 Southeast Drive, Evansville 8.

+Medical Doctor.+

Fateley, Nolan W., c/o Campbell Oil Co., 2003 Madison Avenue,

Indianapolis 2

Garber, H. C., Indiana State Farm, Greencastle

Gentry, Herbert M., Route 2, Noblesville

Glaser, Peter, Route 18, Box 463, Evansville

Hite, Charles Dean, Route 2, Bluffton

Hunter, J. Robert, 215 So. Broadway, Peru

Prell, Carl F., 1414 E. Colfax Avenue, South Bend 17

Richards, E. E., 2712 South Twyckenham Drive, South Bend.

+Studebaker Corporation.+

Russell, A. M., Jr., 2721 Marine Street, South Bend

Schreiber, Ralph, 245 Cherry Street, New Albany

Skinner, Dr. Charles H., Route 1, Thorntown. +Teacher and farmer.+

Sly, Miss Barbara, Route 3, Rockport

Sly, Donald R., Route 3, Rockport. +Nurseryman, nut tree propagator.+

Wallick, Ford, Route 4, Peru

Ward, W. B., Horticulture Bldg., Purdue University, Lafayette.

+Ext. Horticulturist, Vegetables.+

Wichman, Robert P., R.R. 3, Washington

Wilkinson, J. F., Indiana Nut Nursery, Rockport. +Nurseryman, farmer.+

IOWA

Anderson, Donald, Welton Junction

Berhow, Seward, Berhow Nurseries, Huxley

Boice, R. H., Route 1, Nashua. +Farmer.+

Clayton, Donovan, Route 1, Coin

Cole, Edward P., 419 Chestnut Street, Atlantic

Ferguson, Albert B., Center Point. +Nurseryman.+

Ferris, Wayne, Hampton. +President of Earl Ferris Nursery.+

Harrison, L. E. c/o Harrison Lake Shore Orchards, Nashua. +Orchards.+

Huen, E. F., Eldora

Inter-State Nurseries, Hamburg. +General nurserymen.+

Iowa Fruit Growers' Assn., State House, Des Moines 19.

+Cooperative buying organization+

Kaser, J. D., Winterset. +Farmer.+

Kivell, Ivan E., Route 1, Greene. +Farmer.+

Knowles, W. B., Box 126, Manly

Kyhl, Ira M., Box 236, Sabula. +Nut nurseryman, farmer, salesman.+

Lounsberry, C. C., 209 Howard Avenue, Ames

Martazahn, Frank A., Route 8, Davenport

McLaran, Harold F., Mt. Pleasant. +Lawyer.+

Rodenberg, Henry, Guttenberg. +Farmer.+

Rohrbacher, Dr. William, 311 East College Street, Iowa City.

+Practice of Medicine.+

Schlagenbusch Brothers, Route 2, Fort Madison. +Farmers.+

Snyder, D. C., Center Point. +Nurseryman, nuts and general.+

Tolstead, W. L., Central College, Pella

Wade, Miss Ida May, Route 3, LaPorte City. +Bookkeeper.+

Welch, H. S., Mt. Arbor Nurseries, Shenandoah

White, Herbert, Box 264, Woodbine. +Rural Mail Carrier.+

Williams, Wendell V., Danville

KANSAS

Baker, F. C., Troy

Borst, Frank E., 1704 Shawnee Street, Leavenworth

Breidenthal, Willard J., Riverview State Bank, 7th & Central,

Kansas City.

+Bank President.+

Funk, M. D., 612 W. Paramore Street, Topeka. +Pharmacist.+

Gray, Dr. Clyde, 1045 Central Avenue, Horton. +Osteopathic Physician.+

Harris, Ernest, Box 20, Wellsville

Leavenworth Nurseries, Carl Holman, Proprietor, Route 3, Leavenworth.

+Nut nurserymen.+

Mondero, John, Lansing

Thielenhaus, W. F., Route 1, Buffalo

Underwood, Jay, Uniontown

KENTUCKY

Alves, Robert H., Nebi Bottling Company, Henderson

Magill, W. W., University of Kentucky, Lexington. +Field Agent

in Horticulture+

Moss, Dr. C. A., Williamsburg. +Physician and Bank President.+

Mullins, Tom, Renfro Valley. +Radio entertainer, commercial

walnut cracker.+

Rouse, Sterling, Route 1, Box 70, Florence

Tatum, W. G., Route 4, Lebanon. +Commercial orchardist.+

Whittinghill, Lonnie M., Box 10, Love. +Growing nut trees, evergreens,

fruit trees.+

MARYLAND

Crane, Dr. H. L., Bureau of Plant Industry Station, Beltsville.

+Principal Horticulturist, U.S.D.A.+

Eastern Shore Nurseries, Inc., Dover Road, Easton. +Chinese chestnuts &

ornamentals.+

Gravatt, Dr. G. F., Plant Industry Station, Beltsville. +Research Forest

Pathologist.+

Hogdson, William C, Route 1, White Hall

Hoopes, Wilmer P., Forest Hill. +Retired farmer.+

Kemp, Homer S., Bountiful Ridge Nurseries, Princess Anne.

+General nursery.+

Lowerre, James D., Dist. Training School, Laurel

McCollum, Blaine, White Hall

McKay, Dr. J. W., Plant Industry Station, Beltsville. +Government

Scientist.+

Negus, Mrs. Herbert, 4514 32nd Street, Mt. Rainier

Porter, John J., 1199 The Terrace, Hagerstown. +Farm Owner.+

Shamer, Dr. Maurice E., 3300 W. North Ave., Baltimore 16

MASSACHUSETTS

Babbit, Howard S., 221 Dawes Avenue, Pittsfield. +Service Station owner

and part time farmer.+

Bradbury, Capt. H. G., Hospital Point, Beverly

Brown, Daniel L., Esq., 60 State Street, Boston

Bump, Albert H., 160 Standish Rd., Watertown

Davenport, S. Lathrop, North Grafton. +Farmer, Fruit Grower.+

Farrell; Charles, 46 Pratt Street, Tanaton

Pitts, Walter H., 39 Baker Street, Foxboro. +General Foreman, Instrument

Company.+

Feitse, Ernest, Osterville

Kendall, Henry P., Moose Hill Farm, Sharon

La Beau, Henry A., North Hoosie Road, Williamstown. +Steam engineer.+

Rice, Horace J., Box 146, Wilbraham. +Attorney-at-Law.+

Russell, Mrs. Newton H., 12 Burnett Avenue, South Hadley

Short, I. W., 299 Washington Street, Taunton

Steward O. W., 15 Milton Avenue, Hyde Park 36, +Fire Protectors Engineer

and Manager.+

Swartz, H. P., 206 Chincopee Street, Chicopee

Wellman, Sargent H., Esq., Windridge, Torsfield. +Lawyer.+

Weston Nurseries, Int., Brown & Winter Streets, Weston. +Nurserymen.+

Weymonth, Paul W., 183 Plymouth Street, Halbrook

Wood, Miss Louise B., Poeassett, Cape Cod.

MEXICO

Compean, Senor Federico, Gerente, Granjas "Cordelia", Escobado No., 76,

San Luis Potosi, Mexico. +General Manager of "Cordelia" Farms.+

MICHIGAN

Achenbach, W. N., Petoskey

Ainsworth, Donald W., 5851 Mt. Elliott, Detroit 11

Andersen, Charles, Andersen Evergreen Nurseries, Scottsville

Barlow, Alfred L., 13079 Flanders Avenue Detroit 5

Becker, Gilbert, Climax

Hoylan, P.B., Cloverdale

Bradley, L. J., Route 1 Springport. +Farmer.+

Bumler Malcolm R., 2600 Dickerson, Detroit 15. +Insurance Trustee.+

Burgart, Harry, Michigan Nut Nursery, Box 33, Union City. +Nurseryman.+

Burgess, E. H., Burgess seed & Plant Company, Galesburg

Burr, Redmond M., 820 S. 5th Avenue, Ann Arbor. +General Chairman,

The Order of Railroad Telegraphers, Pere Marquette District, C&O Ry.

Co+

Cook, Ernest A., M. D., c/o County Health Dept., Centerville

Corsan, H. H., Route 1, Hillsdale. +Nurseryman.+

Emerson, Ralph, 161 Cortland Avenue. Highland Park 3

Estill, Miss Gertrude. (See under Florida. Summer Address: Rt. 4,

Box 762. Battle Creek,)

Grater, A. F., 820 Liberty Avenue, Buchanan

Hackett, John C., 3921 Butterworth Rd., S. W., R. R. 5, Grand Rapids 6

Hagleshow, W. J., Box 314, Galesburg. +Grain farmer. Odd contract jobs.+

Hay, Francis H., Ivanhoe Place, Lawrence

Healey, Scott, 200 Sherwood Street, Otsegu

**Kellogg, W. K., Battle Creek

King, Harold J., Sodus. +Farmer and fruit grower.+

Korn, G. J., 140 N. Rose Street, Kalamazoo 12. +Shop worker.+

Lee, Michael, P. O. Box. 16, Milford

Lemke, Edwin W., 2432 Townsend Avenue, Detroit 14. +Engineer, and nut

orchardist.+

Miller, Louis, 417 N. Broadway, Cassopolis. +District Forester.+

O'Rourke, Dr. F. L., Horticultural Dept., Michigan State College,

East Lansing +Professor of Horticulture.+

Pickles, Arthur W., 760 Elmwood Avenue, Jackson

Prushek, E., Route 3, Niles

Scherer, Milton E., M.C.M.T., Qts, 20, Sault Saint Mario

Stahelin, C. A., Stahelin Nursery, Bridgman. +Nurseryman.+

Stocking, Frederick N., Harrisville

Tate, D. L., 959 Westchester Street, Birmingham

Taylor, Merrill W., Trust Dept., First Natl. Bank & Trust Co., Kalamazoo

Whallon, Archer P., Route 1, Stockbridge

Wiard, Everett, 510 South Huron St. Ypsilanti

Zekit, Arnold, 1958 Catalpa Court, Ferndale 20

MINNESOTA

Ruer, Eldred, Route 3, Canby

Hodgson, B. E., Dept, of Agriculture, S. E. Experiment Station, Wasaca

Mayo Forestry & Horticultural Institute, Benjamin F. Dunn, Supt.,

Box 498; Rochester

Skrukrud, Baldwin, Sacred Heart

Tulare, Willis E., 800 3rd Avenue, S.E., Rochester

Weschcke, Carl, 96 S. Wabasha Street, St. Paul. +Proprietor, Hazel Hills

Nursery Co.+

MISSISSIPPI

Meyer, James R., Delta Branch Experiment Station, Stoneville.

+Cytogeneticist (Cotton.)+

MISSOURI

Bauch, G. D., Box 66, Farmington

Blake, R. F., c/o International Shoe Co., 1509 Washington Ave, St.

Louis 3.

Fisher, J. B., Rt. 1, Pacific

Fisher, Richard W., Box 112, West Plains

Glesson, Adolph, River Aux Vases

Hay, Leander, Gilliam

Howe, John, Route 1, Box 4, Pacific

Huber, Frank J., Weingarten. +Farmer.+

Hudson, Perry H., Smithton

James, George, Brunswick

Johns, Jeannette F., Route 1, Festus

Logan, George F., Oregon

Nicholson, John W., Ash Grove. +Farmer.+

Nicholson, Kadire A., Ash Grove

Ochs, C. Thurston, Box 291, Salem. +Foreman in garment factory.+

Richterlessing, Ralph, Route 1, St. Charles. +Farmer.+

Stark Brothers Nursery & Orchard Co., Louisiana. +Fruit and general

nurserymen.+

Tainter, Nat A., 714 N. Fifth Street, St. Charles. +Factory worker and

Nursery owner.+

Van Erp, George D., 7 East 85th St., Kansas City

Weil, A. E., c/o Dow Chemical Company, 3615 Olive St., St. Louis 8.

+Representative on agricultural chemicals for Dow.+

NEBRASKA

Brand, George, Route 5, Box 60, Lincoln

Caha, William, Wahoo

Hess, Harvey W., The Arrowhead Gardens, Box 209, Hebron

Hoyer, L. B., 7554 Maple Street, Omaha 4. +Cane weaving chairs--seats

and backs. All kinds of weaving.+

Marshall's Nurseries. Arlington

Ricky, Lowell D., 1516 South 29th Street, Lincoln

White, Miss Bertha G., 7615 Leighton Ave., Lincoln 5

White, Warren E., 6920 Binney St., Omaha 4. +Watchmaker.+

NEW HAMPSHIRE

Lahti, Matthew, Locust Lane Farm, Wolfeboro

Latimer, Professor L. P., Dept. of Horticulture, Durham

Malcolm, Herbert L., The Waumnek Farm, Jefferson

Messier, Frank, Route 2, Nashua

NEW JERSEY

Anderegg, F. O., Raritan

Blake, Dr. Harold, Box 93, Saddle River

Bottoni, R. J., 41 Robertson Road, West Orange. +President of Harbot Die

Casting Corp.+

Brewer, J. L., 10 Allen Place, Fair Lawn

Buckwalter, Mrs. Alan R., Flemington

Buckwalter, Geoffrey R., 20 Cedar Street, South Bound Brook. Chemist.

Cumberland Nursery, Route 1, Millville. +Nurserymen.+

Donnelly, John H., Mountain Ice Company, 51 Newark St., Hoboken

Dougherty, William M., Broadacres-on-Bedens, Box 425, Princeton

Ellis, Mrs. Edward P., Strawberry Hill, Route 1, Box 137, Keyport

Franek, Michael, 323 Rutherford Avenue, Franklin

Hyper Humus Company, Newton

*Jacques, Lee W., 74 Waverly Place, Jersey City

Kelly, Mortimer B., Route 2, James St., Morristown

McCullouch, J. D., 73 George Street, Freehold

McDowell, Fred, 905 Ocean Avenue, Belmar

Ritchie, Walter M., Route 2, Box 122R, Rahway. +Landscape nurseryman.+

Rocker, Louis P., The Rocker Farm, Box 196, Andover. +Farmer.+

Sheffield O. A., 288 Hamilton Place, Hackensack

Sorg, Henry, Chicago Avenue, Egg Harbor City

Sutton, Ross J., Jr., Route 2, Lebanon

Van Doren, Durand H., 310 Redmond Road, South Orange. +Lawyer.+

Yorks, A. S., Lamatonk Nurseries, Neshanic Station

NEW YORK

Barber, George H., Route 1, Stockton. +Farmer.+

Barton, Irving Titus, Montour Falls. +Engineer.+

Bassett, Charles K., 2917 Main Street, Buffalo

Beck, Paul E., Beck's Guernsey Dairy, Transit Road, East Amherst

Benton, William A., Wassaic. +Farmer & Secretary, Mutual Insurance Co.+

Bernath's Nursery, Route 1, Poughkeepsie. +Nut Nursery.+

Bernath, Mrs. Stephen, Route 1, Poughkeepsie

Bixby, Henry D., East Drive, Halesite, L. I., +Executive V. P., American

Kennel Club, New York City.+

Brook, Victor, 171 Rockingham Street, Rochester 7. +Sales Engineer.+

Brooks, William G., Monroe. +Nut Tree Nurseryman.+

Bundick, Clarkson U., 35 Anderson Avenue, Scarsdale

Button, Arthur J., Lock Box 348, Olean

Carter, George, 428 Avenue A., Rochester 5. +Textile weaver

and tree grower.+

Cassino, Augustus, Valatie, Columbia County

Cowan, Harold, 643 Southern Building, The Bronx, New York 55

Elsbree, George, R.F.D., Stanfordville

Feil, Harry, 1270 Hilton-Spencerport Road, Hilton. +Building Contractor.+

Ferguson, Donald V., L. I. Agr. Tech. Institute, Farmingdale

Flanigen, Charles F., 16 Greenfield Street, Buffalo 14

Freer, H. J., 20 Midvale Road, Fairport

Fribance, A. E., 139 Elmdorf Avenue, Rochester 11.

Fruch, Alfred, 34 Perry Street, New York 14. Artist.

Graham, S. H., Bostwick Road, Ithaca. +Nurseryman.+

Granjean, Julio, c/o K. E. Granjean, 9406 68th Ave., Forest Hills

Gressel, Henry, Route 2 Mohawk

Haas, Dr. Sidney V., 47 West 86th Street, New York 24. +Physician.+

Hasbrouck, Walter, Jr., 19 Grove Street, New Paltz

Iddings, William A., 1931 Park Place, Brooklyn

Irish, G. Whitney, Valatie

Knorr, Mrs. Arthur, 16 Central Park, West, Apt. 1406, New York

Kraai, Dr. John, Fairport. +Physician.+

Larkin, Harry H., 189 Van Rennsselaer Street, Buffalo, 10

*Lewis, Clarence, 1000 Park Avenue, New York

Little, George, Ripley. +Farmer.+

*MacDaniels, Dr. L. H., Cornell University, Ithaca. +Head, Dept. of

Floriculture & Orn. Hort.+

Miller, J. E., J. E. Miller Nurseries, Canandaigua. +Nurseryman,

fruit grower.+

Mitchell, Rudolph, 125 Riverside Drive, New York 24

*Montgomery, Robert H., I E. 44th Street, New York

Mossman, Dr. James K., Black Oaks, Ramapo

Muenscher, Prof. W. C., 1001 Highland Road, Ithaca. +Prof. of Botany,

Cornell University, also grows black walnuts.+

Nelson, Howard F., 350 Elmwood Avenue, Buffalo 18

Newell, P. F., Lake Road, Route 1, Westfield

Overton, Willis W., 3 Lathrop Street, Carthage

Owen, Charles H., Sennett. +Superintendent of Schools.+

Page, Charles E., Route 2, Oneida

Rightmyer, Harold, Route 4, Ithaca

Salzer, George, 169 Garford Road, Rochester 9. +Chestnut nurseryman.+

Schlegel, Charles P. 990 South Avenue, Rochester 7

Schlick, Frank, Munnsville

Schmidt, Carl W., 180 Linwood Avenue, Buffalo

Shannon, J. W., Box 90, Ithaca

Sheffield, Lewis J., c/o Mrs. Edna C. Jones, Townline Road, Orangeburg

Slate, Prof. George L., Experiment Station, Geneva

Smith, Gilbert L., State School, Wassaic. +Nut Nurseryman.+

Smith, Jay L., Chester. +Nut Tree Nurseryman.+

Steiger, Harwood, Red Hook

Szego, Alfred, 77-15 A 87th Avenue, Jackson Heights, New York

Timmerman, Karl G., 123 Chapel Street, Fayetteville

Waite, Dr. R. H., Willowaite Moor, Perrysburg. +Physician.+

Wichlae, Thaddeus, 3236 Genesee Street, Cheektowaga (Buffalo) 21

*Wissman, Mrs. F. De R.--no address.

NORTH CAROLINA

Brooks, J. R., Box 116, Enka

Burch, O. L., Route 2, Roxboro

Dunstan, Dr. R. T., Greensboro College, Greensboro

Finch, Jack R., Bailey. +Farmer.+

Parks, C. H., Route 2, Asheville. +Mechanic.+

Wagner, J. M., Turner Manufacturing Company, Statesville

NORTH DAKOTA

Bradley, Homer L., Long Lake Refuge, Moffit. +Refuge Manager.+

OHIO

Glen Helen Department, Antioch College, Yellow Springs

Barden, C. A., 215 Morgan Street, Oberlin. +Real Estate.+

Bitler, W. A., R.F.D. 1, Shawnee Road, Lima. +General Contractor.+

Brewster, Lewis, Swanton

Bungart, A. A., Avon

Cinade, Mrs. Katherine, 13514 Coath Avenue, Cleveland 20

Clark, R. L., 1184 Melbourne Road, East Cleveland 12

Cook, H. C, Route 1, Box 12, Leetonin

Cornett, Charles L., R.R. Perishable Inspection Agency, 27 W. Front St.,

Cincinnati. +Inspector.+

Craig, George E., Dundas (Vinton County)

Cranz, Eugene F., Mount Tom Farm. Ira

Cunningham, Harvey E., 420 Front Street, Marietta

Daley, James R., 400 W. South Street, Vermilion. +Electrician.+

Davidson, John, 234 East Second Street, Xenia. +Writer.+

Davidson, Mrs. John, 234 East Second Street, Xenia

Davidson, William J., Old Springfield Pike, Xenia

Diller, Dr. Oliver, D., Dept. of Forestry, Experiment Station, Wooster

Dowell, Dr. L. L., 529 North Ave., N.E., Massillon

Dubois, Miss Frances H., 6938 Miami Road, Cincinnati 27. +Landscape

gardener and newspaper columnist.+

Emch, F. E., Genoa

Evans, Maurice G., 335 S. Main Street, Akron 8

Fickes, Mrs. Ada C., Route 1, Wooster

Foraker, Major C. Merle, 2545 Romig Road, Akron

Foss, H. D., 875 Hamlin Street, Akron 2

Frederick, George F., 3925 W, 17th, Cleveland 9

Garden Center of Greater Cleveland, 11190 East Blvd., Cleveland

Gauly, Dr. Edward, 1110 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland 15. +Ocullst.+

Gerber, E. P., Kidron

Gerstenmaier, John A., 18 Pond S. W., Massillon

Goss, C. E., 922 Dover Avenue, Akron 20

Gard, Dr. Edward A., 1506 Chase Street, Cincinnati 23

Greib, Louis W., 1150 N. Limestone St., Springfield

Hawk & Son Nursery, Rt. 2, Beach City. +Chestnut trees.+

Heena, Carl R., Route 2, New Richmond

Hill, Dr. Albert A., 4187 Pearl Road, Cleveland

Irish, Charles F., 418 E. 105th Street, Cleveland 8

Jacobs, Homer L., Davey Tree Expert Company, Kent

Kappel, Owen, Bolivar

Kintzel, Frank W., 2506 Briarcliffe Avenue, Cincinnati 13.

Kobelt, Don, Route 5, Medina. +Insurance Adjuster.+

Kratzer, George, Route 1, Dalton

Krok, Walter P., 925 W. 29th Street, Lorain. +Research and Development

Engineer.+

Laditka, Nicholas G., 5322 Stickney Avenue, Cleveland 9

Lashley, Charles V., 216 S. Main St., Wellington

Lehmann, Carl, 1601 Union Trust Building, Cincinnati, 2. +Attorney

at Law.+

Lorenz, R. C., 121 North Arch Street, Route 5, Fremont

Machovina, Paul E., 1228 Northwest Blvd., Columbus 12

Madson, Arthur E., 13608 Fifth Avenue, E. Cleveland 12

McBride, William B., 2398 Brandon Road, Columbus 10

McKinster, Ray, 1682 South 4th Street, Columbus 7

Metzger, A. J., 724 Euclid Avenue, Toledo 5

Miller, Ralph J., 251 Westview Avenue, Worthington

Nicholson, Jonathan J., 175 W. Columbus Avenue, Mount Sterling

Nicolay, Charles, 2259 Hess Avenue, Cincinnati 11. +Accountant.+

Oches, Norman M., R.D. 1, Brunswick. +Mechanical Engineer.+

Osborne, Frank C., 4040 W. 160th Street, Cleveland 11

Pomerene, Walter H., Route 3, Coshocton. +Agricultural Engineer,

Hydrological Research Station+

Ranke, William, Route 1, Amelia

Rieck, C., 522 S. Main Street, Findlay

Rummel, E. T., 13618 Laverne Avenue, Cleveland 11. +Sales Engineer.+

Schaufelberger, Hugo S., Route 2, Sandusky

Seas, D. Edward, 721 South Main Street, Orrville

Scitz, M. B., 975 Nome Ave., Akron. +Auto dealer.+

Shelton, Dr. E. M., 1468 W. Clifton Blvd., Lakewood 7

Sherman, L. Walter, Mahoning County Experiment Farm, Canfield

Shessler, Sylvester M., Genoa

Silvis, Raymond E., 1725 Lindberg Avenue, N.E. Massillon. +Realty.+

Slutz, Russell C., Box 504, 123 High St., Navarre

Smith, Kenneth, 642 Collins Park Avenue, Toledo

Smith, Sterling A., 630 W. South Street, Vermilion +Telegrapher,

N.Y.C.R.R. (Treasurer of the Association.)+

Spring Hill Nurseries Company, Tipp City. +General nurseryman.+

Steinbeck, A. P., Box 824, Route 7, North Canton

Stocker, C. P., Lorain Products Corp., 1122 F. Street, Lorain

Thomas, Fred, Route 1, Bedford Road, Masury

Thomas, W. F., 406 South Main Street, Findlay

Toops, Herbert A., 1430 Cambridge Blvd., Columbus 12. +College

Professor.+

Urban, George, 4518 Ardendale Road, South Euclid 21. +Mayor.+

Van Voorhis, J. F., 215 Hudson Avenue, Apt. B-1, Newark

Von Gundy, Clifford E., R.F.D. 13, Cincinnati 30

Walker, Carl F., 2851 E. Overlook Road, Cleveland 18

Weaver, Arthur W., 3339 South Street, Toledo 4

*Weber, Harry R., Esq., 123 E. 6th Street, Cincinnati. +Attorney,

Farm owner.+

Weber, Mrs, Martha R., Route 1, Morgan Road, Cleves

Williams, Harry M., 221 Grandon Road, Dayton 9. +Engineer.+

Willett, Dr. G. P., Elmore

Wischhusen, J. F., 15031 Shore Acres Drive, N.E., Cleveland 10

Yates, Edward W., 3108 Parkview Avenue, Cincinnati 13

Yoder, Emmet, Smithville

OKLAHOMA

Butler, Roy, Route 2, Hydro. +Farmer, cattleman.+

Cross, Prof. Frank B., Dept. of Horticulture, Oklahoma A & College,

Stillwater. +Teaching and Experiment Station work.+

Gray, Geoffrey A., 1628 Elm Ave., Bartlesville

Hirschi's Nursery (A.G.) 414 North Robinson, Oklahoma City.

+Dry cleaning business, nurseryman.+

Hartman, Peter E., Hartsdale Nursery Company, P. O. Box 882, Tulsa 1.

+Nurseryman.+

Hughes, C. V., Route 3, Box 614, 5600 N.W. 16th Street, Oklahoma City

Meek, E. B., Route 2, Wynnewood

Pulliam, Gordon, 1005 Osage Ave., Bartlesville

Ruhlen, Dr. Charles A., 114 North Steele. Cushing. +Dentist.+

Swan, Oscar E. Jr., 1226 E. 30th Street, Tulsa 6. +Attorney,

Mid-Continent Petroleum Co.+

OREGON

Carlton Nursery Company, Forest Grove. +Nurserymen and Nut Orchardists.+

Miller, John E., Route 1, Box 912-A, Oswego

Osborne, W. L. H., Mont Alto, Idylyld Route 275, Roseburg

Pearcy, Harry L., Rt. 2, Box 190, Salem. +H. L. Pearcy Nursery Co.

(Nut trees.)+

Sheppard, Charles M., Tucker Road, Hood River

PENNSYLVANIA

Allaman, R. P., Route 86, Harrisburg

Bangs, Ralph E., Route 2, Spartansburg. +Farmer.+

Banks, H. C. Route 1, Hellertown

Beard, H. K., Route 1, Sheridan. +Insurance Agent.+

Berst, Charles B., 11 W. 8th Street, Erie. +Inspector, Lord Mfg Co.,

Erie, Pa.+

Bowen, John C. Route 1, Macungie

Breneiser. Amos P., 427 North 5th Street, Reading

Brown, Morrison, 342 East Cooper Street, Slippery Rock. +Teacher.+

Clarke, William S., Jr., P. O. Box 167, State College

Creasy, Luther P., Catawissa

Damask, Henry, 1632 Doyle Street, Wilkinsburg. +Telephone man.+

Eckhart, Pierce, 5731 Haddington Street, Philadelphia 31

Etter, Fayette, P. O. Box 57, Lemesters. +General Line Foreman for an

Electric Company.+

Gardner, Ralph D., 4428 Plymouth Street, Harrisburg. +Assistant State

Fire Marshall.+

Good, Orren S., 316 N. Fairview Street, Lock Haven. +Retired.+

Gorton, F. B., Route 1, East Lake Road, Harbor Creek.

+Electrical Contractor.+

Hammond, Harold, 903 South Poplar Street, Allentown

Heckler, George Snyder, Hatfield

Hostetter, L. K., Route 3, Lancaster. +Farmer, black walnut grower.+

Hughes, Douglas, 1230 East 21st Street, Erie

Johnson, Rooert F., 1625 Greentree Road, Pittsburgh 5

Jones, Mildred M. (See Mrs. Langdoc--under Illinois)

Jones, Dr. Truman W., Walnut Grove Farm, Parksburg

Kaufman, Mrs. M. M., Clarion.

Kirk, DeNard B., Forest Grove. +Engineer.+

Knowse, Charles W., Colonial Park, Harrisburg. +Coal Dealer.+

Laboski, George T., Route 1, Harbor Creek. +Fruit Grower and Nurseryman.+

Lambert, E. A., Box 76, McKean

Leach, Will, 406-410 Scranton Life Bldg., Scranton 3. +Lawyer.+

Mattoon, H. Gleason, Box 304, Narberth. +Consultant in Arboriculture.+

Mecartney, J. Lupton, Room 1 Horticultural Building, State College.

+Teacher.+

Mercer, Robert A., Rt. 1, Porkiomenville

Miller, Elwood B., c/o The Hazleton Bleaching & Dyeing Works, Hazleton

Miller, Robert O., 3rd and Ridge Street, Emmaus

Moyer, Philip S., U.S.F. & G. Building, Harrisburg

Nicderriter, Leonard, 1726 State Street, Erie. +Merchant.+

Nonnemacher, H. M., Box 204, Alburtis. +Line Foreman,

Bell Tel. Co. of Pa.+

Oesterling, Howard M., R.D. 1, Marysville

Ranson, Flaval, 728 Monroe Avenue, Scranton 10. +Farmer.+

Reidler, Paul G., Ashland. +Manufacturer of textiles.+

Rial, John, 528 Harrison Ave, Greensburg

*Rick, John, 438 Pennsylvania Square, Reading

Rupp, Edward E., Jr., 57 W. Pomfret Street, Carlisle.

+Draftsman--Tree Surgeon.+

Schaible, Percy, Upper Black Eddy. Laborer.

Smith, Dr. J. Russell, 550 Elm Avenue, Swarthmore.

+Geographer-Nurseryman-Author.+

Sofianos, Louis S., Greenfields, Reading. Gardener.

Starr, Miss Charlottee Churchill. R.R. 1 Bucks County, Quakertown.

+Artist & housewife.+

Stewart, E. L., Pino Hill Farms Nursery, Route 2, Homer City

Theiss, Dr. Lewis E., Bucknell University, Lewisburg. +Writer-Retired

College Professor+

Twist, Frank S., Box 127, Northumberland

Washick, Dr. Frank A., S.W. Welsh & Veree Roads, Philadelphia 11.

+Surgeon.+

Weaver, William S., Weaver Orchards, Macungie

Weinrich, Whitney, P. O. Box 225, Wallingford

*Wister, John C., Scott Foundation, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore.

+Horticulturist.+

Wright, Ross Pier, 235 W. 6th Street, Erie

Zarger, Thomas G., Route 3, Chambersburg

Zimmerman, Mrs. G. A., R.D., Linglestown

RHODE ISLAND

*Allen, Philip, 178 Dorance Street, Providence

Rhode Island State College, Library Dept., Green Hall, Kingston

SOUTH CAROLINA

Bregger, John T., Clemson +Research Supervisor (Soil Conservation),

Orchard Erosion Investigations.+

Gordon, G. Henry, 13 1/2. Main Street, Union. +Retired Mariner.+

Henderson, E. P., Bath. +Manager, Kaolin Mines & Ornamental Nurseryman.+

Hundley, P. C. & Son, Woodruff. +Orchard supplies.+

Poole, M. C., Cross Anchor. +Beach grower.+

Senn. T. L., Horticultural Dept. Clemson College. Clemson.

+College Teacher.+

SOUTH DAKOTA

Richter, Herman, Madison

TENNESSEE

Acker Black Walnut Corporation, Morristown. +Walnut processors.+

(See also under Virginia.)

Alpine Forest Reserve, Alpine. +Presbyterian Church project.+

Boyd, Harold B., M. D., 905 Kensington, Memphis 7. +Physician.+

Boyd, Robert W., Boyd Nursery Company, McMinnville. +General nurseryman.+

Chase, Spencer, T.V.A., Norris. +Horticulturist.+

Cox, T. S., 108 Hotel Avenue, Knoxville 18.

Dunlap, Dr. William B., 912 E. Main Street, Union City. +Optometrist.+

Garrett, Dr. Sam Young, Dixon Springs. +Surgeon.+

Holdeman, J. E., 855 N. McNeill, Memphis 7

Howell Nurseries, Sweetwater. +Ornamental and chestnut nurserymen.+

Kingsolver, J. B. Route 2, Concord

Lowe, Dr; Jere W., c/o Mrs. Murphy Webb; Westover Drive, Nashville

McAlexander, Kenneth J., Cedar Grove. +College student.+

McDaniel, J. C, Tenn. Dept: of Agriculture, 403 State Office Bldg.,

Nashville 3. Horticulturist, farmer.

McDaniel, Mrs. J. C, 1421 Kirtland Avenue, Nashville 6

McDaniel, J. C, Jr., 1421 Kirkland Avenue, Nashville 6

McQueen, S. S., Box 1262, Mountain Home

Murphy, H. O. 12 Sweetbriar Avenue, Chattanooga. +Fruit grower.+

Parsley, G. B., Route 1, Smithville. +Nurseryman.+

Rhodes, G. B., Route 1, Covington. +Farmer.+

Richards, Dr. Aubrey, Whiteville. +Physician.+

Roark, W, F., Malesus. +Farmer, chestnut grower.+

Robinson, W. Jobe, Route 7, Jackson. +Farmer.+

Sammons, Julius, Jr., Whiteville

Shadow, Willis A., Decatur. +County Agricultural Agent.+

Shipley, Mrs. E. D., 3 Century Court, Knoxville

Smathers, Rev. Eugene, Calvary Church, Big Lick. +Pastor.+

Southern Nursery & Landscape Co., Winchester

Sutherland, W. B., 520 Clearview Street, Knoxville 17

Zarger, Thomas G. (Temporarily in Pennsylvania)

TEXAS

Arford, Charles A., Box 1230, Dalhart

Arp Nursery Company, (Clark Kidd) 5th and Wall St., P.O. Box 867, Tyler.

+Wholesale Nursery.+

Bailey, L. B., Box 1436, Phillips. +Chemist.+

Brison, Prof. F. R., Dept. of Horticulture, A. & M. College, College

Station

Florida, Kaufman, Box 151, Rotan

Price, W. S. Jr., Navarro County, Kerens

Romberg, L. D., U. S. Pecan Field Station, Box 539, Brownwood

Winkler, Andrew, Route 1, Moody. +Farmer and pecan grower.+

UTAH

Petterson, Harlan D., 2164 Jefferson Avenue, Ogden. +Highway Engineer.+

VERMONT

Aldrich, A. W., Route 3, Sprinfield. +Farmer.+

Collins, Joseph N., Route 3, Putney

Ellis, Zenas H., Fair Haven. +Perpetual member, "In Memoriam."+

Foster, Forest K., West Topsham. +Fruit grower.+

Ladd, Paul, Putney. +School Teacher.+

VIRGINIA

Acker Black Walnut Corporation, Broadway. +Walnut processors.

(See also under Tennessee.)+

Burton, George L., 728 College Street, Bedford

Case, Lynn B., Route 1, Fredericksburg

Dickerson, T. C., 316-56th Street, Newport News. +Statistician, farmer.+

Dudley, Charles, Glen Wilton

Gibbs, H. R., 808 William Street, Front Royal. +Carpenter, wood worker.+

Gunther, Eric F., Route 1, Box 31, Onancock. +Retired business man.+

Lee, Dr. Henry, 806 Medical Arts Building, Roanoke 11

Pinner, R. McR., P.O. Box. 155, Suffolk

Stoke, H. F., 1436 Watts Avenue N.W., Roanoke

Stoke, Mrs. H. F., 1436 Watts Avenue, N.W., Roanoke

Stoke, Dr. John H., 21 Highland Avenue, S.E., Roanoke 18. +Chiropractor.+

Thompson, B. H., Harrisonburg. +Manufacturer of nut crackers.+

WEST VIRGINIA

Cannaday, Dr. John E., Charleston General Hospital, Charleston 25.

+Surgeon.+

*Frye, Wilbert M., Pleasant Dale

Gold Chestnut Nursery, c/o Mr. Arthur A. Gold, Cowen. +Chestnut

nurseryman.+

Haines, Earl C., Shanks

Long, J. L., Box 491, Princeton

Mish, Arnold F., Inwood

Reed, Arthur M., Moundsville. +Proprietor, Glenmount Nurseries.+

Shepler, Harvey, Oxford

WASHINGTON

Altman, Mrs. H. E., 2338 King Street, Bellingham 9

Barth, J. H., Box 1827, Route 3, Spokane 15. +Watchmaker and farmer.+

Bartleson, C. J., Box 25, Chattaroy. +Office worker.+

Biddle, Miss Gertrude W., 928 Gordon Avenue, Spokane 12

Brown, H. R., Greenacres

Bush, Carroll D., Grapeview. +Chestnut grower and shipper.+

Denman, George L., 1319 East Nina Avenue, Spokane 10. +Dairyman.+

Eliot, Craig P., P. O. Box 158, Shelton. +Electrical Engineer, part

time farmer.+

Hyatt, L. W., 2826 West La Crosse, Spokane 12

Kling, William L., Route 2, Box 230, Clarkston

Knight, J. C., W. 723 Sinto Avenue, Spokane 12. +Retired.+

Latterell, Misa Ethel, Greenacres

Linkletter, F. D., Route 2, Box 722, Mercer Island

Naderman, G. W., Route 1, Box 381, Olympia

Shane Brothers, Vashon

Shepard, Will, Chelan Falls

Tuttle, Lynn, Nursery, The Heights, Clarkston

WISCONSIN

Cox, Irvin W., P.O. Box 2632, West Allis

Koelsch, Norman, Jackson

Ladwig, C. F., 2221 St. Lawrence, Beloit

Mortensen, M. C., 2117 Stanson Avenue, Racine

Talbot, Harold W., Rt. 7, Hex 198, Milwaukee 13

NEW MEMBERS ADDED SINCE MAY 1, 1949

Carlisle, Francis, 819 Second Street, S.E., New Philadelphia, Ohio

Gehring, Rev. Titus, P. O. Box 668, Grants, New Mexico

Keathly, Jack, Marland, Oklahoma

Koeferl, Alots J., 2835 North 20th St., Milwaukee 6, Wisconsin

O'Brien, Howard C., 25 Irvington Street, Boston 16, Massachusetts

Spears, Ernest G., 4326 Forest Avenue, Norwood 12, Ohio

Warnecke, Martin H., 714 S. First Avenue, Maywood, Illinois

* * * * *

+Subscribers and Standing Library Orders+

Brooklyn Botanic Garden Library, 1000 Washington Avenue, Brooklyn 25,

N. Y.

Clemson College Library, Clemson, South Carolina.

Cornell University, College of Agriculture Library, Ithaca, New York.

Detroit Public Library, 5201 Woodward Avenue, Detroit 2, Michigan.

Jones, G. S., Route 1, Phenix City, Alabama.

Library, University of Miami, Coral Gables 34, Florida.

Library, University of New Hampshire, Durham N. H.

Oregon State College Library, Corvallis, Oregon.

Peachy, Enos D., P. O. Box 22, Belleville, Pennsylvania.

Rhode Island State College, Library Dept., Green Hall, Kingston, Rhode

Island (membership).

Rutgers University; Agricultural Library, Nichol Ave., New Brunswick,

N. J.

St. Louis Public Library, Olive, 13th and 14th Streets, St. Louis,

Missouri.

EXHIBITS AT THE NORRIS MEETING, 1948

_Noah Abernathy, Marble, North Carolina._ Chinese chestnuts.

_Benton & Smith Nut Tree Nursery, Wassaic, New York._ Shagbark

hickories, hybrid hickory, Persian walnut.

_Dr. R. T. Dunstan, Greensboro College, Grensboro, North Carolina._

Persian walnuts.

_A. G. Hirschi, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma._ Pecans, black walnuts,

heartnut, Carpathian Persian walnut, Chinese chestnuts, Oriental

persimmons.

_Jaynes Hobson, Jasper, Georgia._ Chinese chestnuts.

_Howell Nurseries, Sweetwater, Tennessee._ Chinese chestnuts, Japanese

chestnut.

_Dr. G. S. Jones, Phenix City, Alabama._ Chinese chestnuts.

_G. J. Korn, Kalamazoo, Michigan._ Shagbark hickories, shellbark

hickory, black walnuts, butternut, collection of photographs.

_R. C. Lorenz, Fremont Ohio._ Pecan, Persian walnut.

_Dr. C. A. Moss, Williamsburg, Kentucky._ Black walnuts, Persian walnut,

pecans, shellbark hickory, Chinese chestnut, filbert.

_New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, New York._

Turkish tree hazel; Chinese tree hazel, native hazel, European hazels,

hybrid hazels, black x Persian hybrid walnut.

_G. B. Rhodes, Covington, Tennessee._ Pecans, heartnut, Persian walnut.

_Dr. Aubrey Richards, Whiteville, Tennessee._ Chinese and hybrid

chestnuts, heartnuts, black walnuts.

_Sylvester Shessler, Genoa, Ohio._ Persian walnuts, black walnuts,

heartnut.

_H, F. Stoke, Roanoke, Virginia._ Persian walnuts, black walnuts,

butternuts, heartnuts, shellbark hickory, shagbark hickory, filberts,

Chinese, Japanese and hybrid chestnuts, hybrid hazels, graft unions,

photographs.

_TVA Forestry Relations Department (Norris Nursery), Norris, Tennessee._

Large collections of black and seedling Persian walnuts; Chinese

chestnuts, heartnuts, filberts, American hazel, pecans, shellbark

hickory, Oriental persimmons.

_U.S.D.A. Pecan Station, Albany, Georgia._ Named varieties of Chinese

chestnut.

_J. F. Wilkinson, Rockport, Indiana._ Pecans.

_Dr. W. C. Willett, Elmore, Ohio._ Heartnuts.

_William J. Wilson, Fort Valley, Georgia._ Black walnut, hican.

(List compiled by H. F. Stoke)

ANNOUNCEMENTS

40th Annual Meeting at Beltsville, Maryland September 6, 7 and 8, 1949

Dr. H. L. Crane, Plant Industry Station, Beltsville, Maryland, is

chairman of the local arrangements and program committees for the 40th

Annual meeting this year, to be held at Beltsville, a suburb of

Washington, D.C. Other committee members are listed in the front of this

volume; They will welcome your suggestions on things to be included in

the program and the tour near Washington. _Members will receive the

advance program._

+Older Reports of the Northern Nut Growers Association, Inc., Are

Available+

The Association, which was organized in 1910, has published a report of

its annual meeting each year except two, beginning with 1911.

Sets of reports lacking only volumes for 1923, 1925, 1926, 1935, 1940,

1941, and 1944 may still be purchased, These sets, consist of 29 reports

through 1948 and contain over 3800 pages of material pertaining to nut

culture in many stated and Canada. The price of the set of available

reports is $12.00. (A very few complete sets through Vol. 39, including

an index to the first 30 volumes, are available to agricultural and

other libraries only at $17.00). Single numbers are $1.00 each, except

the current number and the preceding one: 1948 at. $3.00 and 1947 at

$2.00 each. Orders should be sent to the secretary accompanied by

remittances made payable to the Northern Nut Growers Association, Inc.

Libraries and other institutions desiring to receive the reports

regularly without the bother of ordering them every year may have their

names placed on a special mailing list to receive each report regularly

when published. A bill for $2.00 will accompany the 1949 report, when

sent to such institutions.

+Other Publications on Nut Growing+

1. Bush, Carrol D. _Nut Grower's Handbook._ Orange Judd Publishing

Company, New York, 1941. $2.50.

2. Smith, J. Russell. _Tree Crops, A Permanent Agriculture._

Revised edition on schedule for 1949 publication. Inquire of author

at Swarthmore, Pa.

3. Smith, J. Russell, _How to Graft Nut Trees._ May be purchased

from Walnut Lane Press, Swarthmore, Pa. Illustrated with diagrams.

9 pp. 25c.

4. Smith, J. Russell. _The Planting, Fertilization and Care of Nut

Trees and Persimmon Trees._ Available from Sunny Ridge Nursery,

Swarthmore, Pa., price 25c.

5. Reed, C. A. _Nut Tree Propagation._ U. S. Department of

Agriculture Farmers' Bul. 1501. For sale only. 5c (coin) from Supt.

of Documents, U. S. Government Pointing Office, Washington 25, D.

C.

6. Mattoon, W. R. & Reed, C. A. _Planting Black Walnuts._ U. S.

Department of Agriculture Leaflet 84. Free from Department of

Agriculture; Washington, D. C.

7. Moznette, G. F. et al. _Insects and Diseases of the Pecan and

their Control._ U. S. Department of Agriculture-Farmers' Bul. 1829.

May be had from U. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C.

8. Sitton, B. G. & Akin, E. O. _Grafting Wax Melter,_ U. S.

Department Leaflet 202. Free from U. S. Department of Agriculture,

Washington, D. C.

9. Sitton, B. G. _Pecan Grafting Methods and Waxes._ U. S.

Department of Agriculture Circ. 545. May be had from U. S.

Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C.

10. Sitton, B. G. _Vegetative Propagation of the Black Walnut._

Mich. Sta. Tech. Bul. No. 119. Sept., 1931. Available from Michigan

State College, E. Lansing.

11. MacDaniels, L. H. _Nut Growing._ Cornell Univ. Ext. Bul. 701.

From College of Agriculture, Ithaca, New York.

12. Haseman, L. _The Walnut Caterpillar._ Missouri Exp. Sta. Bul.

418.

13. Talbert, T. J. _Nut Tree Culture in Missouri._ Mo. Exp. Sta.

Bul. 454. May be had from Agr. Exp. Station, Columbia, Mo.

14. Schuster, C. E. _Filberts._ Oregon State College Ext. Bul. 628.

May be had from Oregon State College, Corvallis, Oregon.

15. Schwartze, C. D. _Filbert Culture._ Washington State Col. Ext.

Bul. 263. May be had from Extension Service, Washington State

College, Pullman, Wash.

16. Sherman, L. W. and Ellenwood, G. W. _Topworking and

Bench-grafting Walnut Trees._ Special Circ. 69. May be had from

Agr. Exper. Sta., Wooster, Ohio.

17. Slate, G. L. _Filberts._ N. Y. State Agr. Exp. Sta. Cir. 192.

Free from Experiment Station, Geneva, N. Y.

18. _DDT to Control Pecan Weevil._ Multigraphed, 1948. Available

free from Division of Horticulture, Tenn. Dept. of Agriculture,

Nashville 3, Tenn.

19. Blake, M. A. and Edgerton, L. J. _Experience with Blight

Resistant Chestnuts in New Jersey._ Bul. 717 N. J. Agr. Exp. Sta.,

New Brunswick, N. J.

20. Yerkes, Guy E. _Propagation of Trees and Shrubs._ U.S.D.A.

Farmers' Bul. No. 1567, available from Supt. of Documents, U. S.

Gov't Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C., price 10c (coin).

21. Cox, John A., et al. _Top Working Pecan Trees._ Ext. Circ. 209.

Available free from Louisiana State University, University,

Louisiana.

22. Hilton, R. J. _Frameworking Fruit Trees._ Farmers' Bulletin 136

of the Dominion Department of Agriculture. Available from Dominion

Department of Agriculture, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. (Framework

grafting technique is adapted to top-working large seedling nut

trees).

23. Snyder, John C. _Pollination of Tree Fruits and Nuts._ Ext.

Bul. 342. Washington State College, Pullman, Washington.

24. Smith, Gilbert L. _Practical Nut Growing._ 60 pp. illus. $1.50

from author, Wassaic, N. Y.

Note: In addition to the above publications, the horticultural

departments of many state and provincial agricultural experiment

stations and agricultural colleges have free circulars or bulletins

listing the recommended varieties of fruit and nut trees for their

areas. The prospective tree planter is advised to place more reliance on

the local recommendations (where available) than on those from distant

states where the soils, the climate, and the adapted varieties may be

quite different.

The NNGA list of some nurseries which sell hardy, named varieties of nut

trees is revised each winter. The secretary, will send copies of the

next revision free on request.--J. C. McDaniel, _Sec'y._, Nashville 3,

Tenn.