CHAPTER XV

CLOSING ACQUAINTANCES, SCENES, AND BOOKS

Trollope on the third Earl Grey, the fourth Earl of Carnarvon and

the Colonies--Intimacy at Highclere and its literary

consequences--Trollope and _Cicero_ 1879--Fraternally criticised by

T. A. Trollope and others--Fear of literary fogeydom produces later

up-to-date novels beginning with _He Knew He was Right_--A

similarity between Trollope and Dickens--Trollope and Delane--The

editor’s article and novelist’s book about social and financial

scandals of the time--_Mr. Scarborough’s Family_, Trollope’s first

novel for a Dickens magazine--Retirement from Montagu Square to

North End, Harting--Last Irish novels, _An Eye for an Eye_ (1879),

_The Land Leaguers_ (1883), _Dr. Wortle’s School_--General

estimate--Last London Residence--Seizure at Sir John

Tilley’s--Death in Welbeck Street--Funeral at Kensal Green.

The intimacy with the fourth Lord Carnarvon, and the warm welcome

awaiting him, on his frequent visits to Highclere in or after 1878, were

the direct social results of Trollope’s colonial travels and books,

especially of his South African experiences. “My own Post Office work,”

Trollope once said to me, “together with my own ideas of colonial

administration, naturally attracted me to a colonial Minister who,

before becoming the head of the department, had a hand in abolishing the

old Australian mail service, in creating the Encumbered States Act for

the West Indies, in improving England’s African relations with France by

the exchange of Albuda for Portendic, in terminating the Hudson Bay

monopoly, and of creating British Columbia as an imperial dependency. I

could not but contrast Lord Grey’s colonial policy between 1846 and 1852

with Lord Carnarvon’s, which immediately followed. To do this was to see

that Carnarvon understood what Grey had always missed,

[Illustration: HARTING GRANGE. SOUTH ENTRANCE.]

the vigorous aspiration for self-government natural to an Anglo-Saxon

community side by side with the weakness that must beset an executive

representing a democracy.” Like other colonial observers, Trollope had

been struck by certain resemblances between the condition of New Zealand

and the Cape, in that they both required English protection from the

natives. “In New Zealand,” continued Trollope, “I saw enough to be sure

that there could never have been any chance of quiet for ourselves or

safety for the natives until our troops were recalled, and the

colonists, forced to rely on their own resources, tried mild and just

measures instead of violent ones.” In due time the last regiment was

withdrawn, and the trouble with the Maoris ceased. “Generally,”

maintained Trollope, “a colony soon becomes a nation, and a spirited

nation will not tolerate the control of its internal affairs by a

distant Government.” Admitting this in the course of their many

conversations on the subject, Carnarvon accepted Trollope’s view that

the first business of the Colonial Office was to secure a maximum of

profit from the connection. This, the Minister and the novelist agreed,

must constitute a moral guarantee that separation, when it comes, will

be on mutually amicable terms.

The fourth Lord Carnarvon’s Hampshire hospitalities during the

nineteenth century’s last quarter were the social expression of an

intellectual idea. Without any parade of preparatory effort, they seemed

naturally to reproduce something that was characteristic of Cicero’s

country-house parties at his Tusculum and much more that reminded many,

Matthew Arnold included, of Falkland’s week-end feast of reason and flow

of soul at Great Tew. At Highclere, Trollope frequently met not only the

leading colonial politicians of the period, but scholars, lay or

clerical, as J. R. Green, J. R. Seeley, Charles Kingsley, H. P. Liddon,

as well as representatives of the rising talent and the new learning

from Oxford and Cambridge, and sometimes from the foreign Universities.

On these occasions he took an innocent boyish pleasure in displaying the

Wykehamist hall-mark, liked to feel, and quietly letting it be known

that he could read at least Roman authors otherwise than after Colonel

Newcome’s manner--in a translation, you know, in a translation. It was

in the Highclere smoking-room that, capping one of Trollope’s familiar

quotations, Robert Browning added, “My dear Trollope, this display of

classical lore really reminds one of Thackeray’s scholar who had earned

fame and the promise of a bishopric by his masterly translation of

_Cornelius Nepos_.” Trollope’s earliest magazine work--for the _Dublin

University_--had given him the opportunity of rubbing up and trotting

out his juvenile acquaintance with _Cæsar_. This afterwards expanded

itself into the volume gratuitously contributed, as already described,

to Blackwood’s series. Rather less than ten years later, some classical

small talk with his host, Robert Herbert, Robert Browning, and an Eton

master, Mr. Everard, at Highclere recalled to him his early interest in

Cicero, as well as of certain notes made from much miscellaneous reading

on the subject. These Ciceronian studies furnished forth the two volumes

issued by Chapman and Hall in 1880.

“An unconventional attempt to clothe an ancient Roman with modern

interest,” were the words aptly used by Sir William Gregory, Trollope’s

old Harrow contemporary, himself a Ciceronian student, to characterise

this book. Approaching his subject, not as a scholar or historian,

Trollope treats it in a style lively and amusing throughout. The

sympathy with Cicero, especially in exile, is as delightful and

refreshingly genuine as if Trollope were describing the difficulties of

Phineas Finn or the troubles, during his wife’s absence, of Mr. Furnival

in _Orley Farm_. There are the same enlightening good sense and

shrewdness in the description of Roman political parties and their

leaders as form the best portion of the novels describing the rivalries

of Daubeny and Gresham, and analysing the personal or political

situations so severely testing the wisdom and the patience of Mr.

Palliser and the Duke of Omnium. Of course, _Cicero_ brought criticisms

from a few experts. T. A. Trollope, Anthony’s elder brother, as well as

severe disciplinarian in their Winchester days, had been a classical

master under Jeune at King Edward’s School, Birmingham. He had therefore

cultivated a more exact kind of learning than Anthony. “You ought,” he

said after _Cicero_ came out, “to have let me correct the Latin words in

your proof. As it is, having, in your first volume, tried successively

Quintillian and Quintilian, in your second you finally relapse into

Quintillian. In another error you are at least consistent; for Pætus is

always given for Pœtus. Indeed,” he continued, “these diphthongs have

been among your worst enemies, because œdile is your standing version

for ædile, while by Œschilus I know--what others could only guess--that

you mean Æschylus.” More sympathetic censors ignored these literal

slips, but could not be blind to so serious an error as occurs in vol.

ii. 20, placing the Rostra in the Senate instead of the Forum. It was to

be expected also that so keen a censor as Trollope’s Winchester

contemporary, Robert Lowe, Lord Sherbrooke, would have had something to

say about the proprætor Verres being loosely described as invested with

prætorian or consular powers.

Whatever its merits or defects, _Cicero_ at least resembled most of

Trollope’s books in being the literary expression of his personality.

From _The Warden_ in 1855 to _Cicero_ in 1880 nearly everything in

Trollope’s work--character, incident, description, dialogue--was a

natural emanation from the man himself, fresh, spontaneous, and

unforced. If, by comparison with those which preceded them, there seems

something artificial in the stories still to be mentioned, the reason is

that he had never lived in the same intimacy, as he himself put it, with

his new personages as he had done with the old. He had set himself to

describe no longer friends, but strangers. Since he began with _The

Macdermots_ in 1847, he had seen many changes in the popular taste for

fiction. He had himself encountered successfully many rivals. Wilkie

Collins, Whyte-Melville, Miss Braddon, and Shirley Brooks had

successively come on. Against all he held his own; he did not even

suffer from Charles Lever’s competition. The creator of _Harry

Lorrequer_ and _Charles O’Malley_ began writing books that took ground,

and were in a vein, which Trollope had already made his own. The later

Leverian novels, beginning with _The Daltons_ and continuing with _Sir

Brook Fossbrooke_, seemed to many, if actually they were not, bids

against Trollope’s _The Claverings_, _Orley Farm_, and _Can You Forgive

Her?_ They did not diminish the demand for those of Trollope’s books

that were variations upon the Barchester series.

Meanwhile, the social conditions of the time had changed as well as the

writers. The old exclusive _régime_ in which Trollope had been born and

bred was already doomed. The time-honoured class and caste barriers were

broken down. The new social fusion was all but complete. The Stock

Exchange and Lombard Street had overflowed into St. James’s. The new

wealth had possessed itself of the same acres, and the typical

country-house was a glorified edition of the Piccadilly palace. At the

same time domestic and social scandals, to be particularised hereafter,

semi-detached couples, elderly bucks, being also professional

lady-killers, and loveless marriages with all their tragic results,

became so common as no longer to attract notice.

As Bacon took all nature for his province, so Trollope had no sooner

overpassed the limits of country-house and rectory than he began to make

his novel a complete mirror of English life on all levels up-to-date. He

may have been occasionally mortified by a passing decline in the demand

for Christmas stories and for magazine serials from his pen. He never

thought much about the posthumous vitality of his works; although

nineteenth-century pictures, clerical or secular, of town or country, of

club or drawing-room, of the covert side, of the Government office, of

barrister’s chambers, and of the law courts, could not but have, at some

future time, the same value for the historian as Fielding and Smollett

possessed for Macaulay and Lecky. He realised the necessity, above all

things, of guarding himself against the charge of literary

old-fogeydom. Before completing his sixtieth year he had been

continually at work during more than a generation. He must therefore

show that he had moved with the times by modernising his themes and

their treatment. The anxiety to convince the public that he had as keen

an eye as ever for the very newest actualities of the time is especially

noticeable in _He Knew He Was Right_ (1869)[33] and _The Way We Live

Now_ (1875).[34]

The former of these first came out in sixpenny parts during 1867. As

originally designed by Trollope it was intended, on something the same

scale as had been done by Dickens in the Steerforth episode of _David

Copperfield_, to illustrate the tragical results, to social life and

personal character, of unbridled and obstinate self-will--a quality, be

it noted, equally characteristic of both novelists. Dickens, however,

pointed his moral by the single case of Steerforth. In Trollope’s story,

each of the chief personages is opinionated and dictatorial to the same

degree; in other words, all go wrong simply because all in turn know

they are right. So, it has been seen, in _Can You Forgive Her?_ the

heroine’s need of pardon was shared by more than one other lady, as well

as by at least two men.

In _He Knew He Was Right_, Colonel Osborne, the wealthy, middle-aged

rather than elderly, Conservative M.P. and professional lady-killer, has

known Mrs. Trevelyan from girlhood. He therefore thinks it the correct

thing to laugh at old Lady Milborough’s description of him as a serpent,

a hyena, or a kite, and, by his attentions to attractive young maidens,

to provoke, in Lady Milborough’s phrase, such domestic break-ups as he

brings about under the Trevelyans’ roof. On the other hand, Mr.

Trevelyan feels convinced beyond a doubt that, while wronging his wife

by no suspicions of the worst kind, it is his duty to warn her strongly

against the Colonel, and risk one of Lady Milborough’s break-ups, rather

than allow Osborne’s visits.

The best piece of character drawing is Colonel Osborne. After this the

neatest touches come in the Devonshire scenes describing Mrs.

Trevelyan’s movements after the flight from Curzon Street. The pictures

of the quiet home life, in or near Exeter, reproduce as regards places

and persons the same originals which were used in _Rachel Ray_. In the

later, as well as in the earlier novel, are reflected the same central

figure, the old-world maiden lady, and some of the same young people

whom in real life she gathered about her. The hostess, known by Trollope

from his childhood, was Miss Fanny Bent. Her youthful visitors were

Rachel Hutchinson, the doctor’s daughter, and Lucy Bowring, with perhaps

one or two schoolfellows brought by her from the neighbouring paternal

roof known as Claremont. Here Sir John Bowring passed his closing years.

Here, too, Anthony Trollope first studied the feminine types who

afterwards grew into Lily Dale, Lucy Robarts, Grace Crawley, Florence

Burton, and Julia Brabazon. The last of these characters, as she

appeared in the first chapter of _The Claverings_, was, indeed, no other

than Lucy Bowring herself, photographed from life. Without exception

probably, the portraits of English girls that have made half Trollope’s

fame are from Devonian or other West of England models. Stiffness and

wrong-headedness were infirmities to which Trollope himself frankly

confessed. Of those defects he has entirely compacted the brilliant,

wealthy, but suicidally perverse and obstinate Oxonian, Louis Trevelyan.

The gloomy and painful plot derives no pleasant relief from the comic or

lighter business, centred round the irritatingly vulgar detective,

Bozzle. This debased descendant of Inspector Bucket in _Bleak House_

fools the miserable and infatuated husband to the top of his bent; at

times he shows off his sharpness by insinuations so fanciful and odious

against the runaway wife, that, without the novelist saying so, one

knows it is as much as Trevelyan can do to keep from knocking him down.

Like one or two other of Trollope’s feminine characters, who show their

independence by sailing dangerously close to the wind, Mrs. Trevelyan

is thoroughly equal to taking care of herself, and, from the ethical

point of view, never comes near reproach. With a little more tact,

patience and wisdom, on her husband’s part, she would never have been

piqued into allowing Osborne’s attentions. She has been exasperated by

Trevelyan’s unreasonable exactions. So too, in _Phineas Finn_, Kennedy’s

conjugal accusations make Lady Laura return to her father; but Emily

Trevelyan has not been really compromised by her mature admirer. Had her

lord and master been less self-conscious and more a man of the world

than he is, he would not have fallen a victim to his own groundless

jealousy.

When treating feminine subjects, Dickens and Trollope are equally given

to represent their subordinate heroines as playing with fire, or forced

by circumstances into situations calculated to soil virtue itself or to

set malicious tongues wagging against purity incarnate. Sometimes, as

with Sir Leicester Dedlock’s wife, and Sir Joseph Mason’s widow, the

case is that of a lady with a past. Punishment when due is not escaped

entirely, but the wind is generally tempered to the shorn lamb, while

both novelists upon occasion invoke special providences for mitigating,

if not averting the penalty due to the actually fallen. Thus, in _David

Copperfield_, ruin comes indifferently to little Em’ly and Martha; but

it seems only in accordance with the fitness of things that the

catastrophe should not be equally full of horror in both cases. Poetical

justice, therefore, and the kindlier influences of her early nurture

ordain Em’ly’s partial rescue from the hideous blackness of poor

Martha’s fate. Trollope’s later and less known novels contain no better

character than Lady Mabel Grex in _The Duke’s Children_. But for her own

fine nature and great qualities she would assuredly have been doomed to

the irreparable ruin, her deliverance from which comes equally from

superhuman guidance and her own heroic self-discipline. Edith Dombey

cannot be said to have been allowed by Dickens a narrow escape, because

she was never in any real danger. Her mother’s training could not but

make her an adventuress; her husband’s short-sighted pride had to be

humbled by an elopement which would indeed disgrace his name, but whose

circumstances could bring no stain on her. In chastising, by their

flight, their respective husbands, Dickens’ second Mrs. Dombey and the

Mrs. Trevelyan of _He Knew He Was Right_, to some extent, resemble each

other; while in both cases the wifely vengeance recoils with nearly

equal severity upon the lady. Generally, however, Trollope lets off more

easily than does Dickens his fair triflers with the hearts of men. Thus,

in _Great Expectations_, Miss Havisham’s adopted daughter, Estella, is

punished as she deserves for trifling with Pip’s affections by being

paired off with the surly and ill-conditioned Bentley Drummle. The

arch-jilt of _Can You Forgive Her?_, Alice Vavasor, issuing scatheless

from all her escapades, is not punished at all, but may well thank her

stars in becoming the mistress of a comfortable Cambridgeshire

country-house as the talented, well-to-do and long-suffering John Grey’s

wife.[35]

Trollope’s next attempt at satirising the most malignant social

tendencies of the time exposed the idolatry of the golden calf, and in

its conception owed something to the pregnant remarks of one of the most

influential among his contemporaries. During the season of 1875,

Trollope’s hitherto slight acquaintance with Delane of _The Times_

matured into intimacy. At this time the great editor was much impressed

by the growth of extravagance and the increase of reckless speculation

in the overgrown and mischievously mixed conglomerate of London society.

The subject was one on which he and Trollope thought exactly alike. With

equal disgust and indignation both observed the acceptance of mere

wealth as a passport to the company of men and women who were social

leaders by right of birth. In their many talks about these subjects

originated both Trollope’s _The Way We Live Now_ and a certain _Times_

article presently to be mentioned. On resettling in London after his

colonial expeditions, Trollope had established himself in Montagu

Square. The first piece of work he did here was the novel in whose most

prominent figure, Melmotte, a grotesque and nauseating monstrosity, he

personified the commercial corruptions of the time with all their

brutalising effects upon character, as in private, so in public life.

Grouped round, and more or less associated with the over-coloured

financier, Melmotte, were many smaller personages representing or

suggesting other vicious propensities of the period. The bloated and

ferocious plutocrat has a vulgar but otherwise unobjectionable daughter

whom, when she dares any details to cross his will or stand in the way

of his villainies, he cuts into pieces--in plain English, horsewhips

within an inch of her life. There are other young ladies as unattractive

as Marie Melmotte, but less inoffensive. These are the girls who expend

their energies and innocence in intrigues to get husbands, not for love,

but for the enjoyment of greater freedom and more pocket-money. Melmotte

himself carries about him a certain suggestion of Baron Albert Grant in

the past, and of Whitaker Wright in the days that were then yet to come.

The deterioration of Club life is shown by the blackguard interior of

the Beargarden, where stripling debauchees, who sponge on their polite

paupers of mothers, and venal and pretentious newspaper hacks eat,

drink, and rampage at unholy hours.

Chronology might deny the statement that the Printing House Square

manifesto already referred to supplied Trollope with a brief for this

book; but both the novel and the article came out in the same year.

Each, in its different way, was a commentary on a state of things in

which the editor and the novelist would have willingly co-operated in

bringing to an end. Trollope’s Melmotte was an exaggerated type of the

French, German, and American adventurers who, in Delane’s words, gorge

like vultures on the country. These, said the editor, were the men whom

English gentlemen of family and station competed with each other in

helping to fleece society. These, too, were the qualities concentrated

by the novelist in the mammoth speculator of Grosvenor Square, who,

before the crash, made himself the demi-god of the season by his

splendid hospitalities to no less a person than the “Emperor of China.”

One of the incidents which had chiefly moved Delane, breaking through

his editorial custom to pen with his own hand his lay sermon, was this.

During the early seventies an English nobleman of ancient title and

descent, but of diminished territorial wealth, partly by games of chance

in which there seemed some suspicion of foul play, and partly by City

speculation into which he was enticed, had lost something like £10,000

to a Californian colonel, long since kicked out of all decent company.

This swindling Midas, who had winged Delane’s pen, gave Trollope more

than a hint for Melmotte in _The Way We Live Now_. Any resemblance borne

by Melmotte to another fraudulent and glorified capitalist, the Merdle

of _Little Dorrit_, is purely fortuitous. Trollope’s intimate friend Sir

Henry James once, in my hearing, mentioned the matter to him, to be told

“_The Way We Live Now_ appeared in 1875; I only read _Little Dorrit_ for

the first time on my way to Germany in 1878.”

During their founder’s and original editor’s life, Trollope wrote for

none of Dickens’ magazines. After 1870 _All the Year Round_ was carried

on by Charles Dickens the second; his very capable manager G. Holsworth

urged him to secure a novel from Trollope. This was written and

published; and _Mr. Scarborough’s Family_[36] was the most deliberately

and elaborately satirical of all Trollope’s stories. Mr. Scarborough has

conceived and nursed, till it becomes something like a monomania, a

detestation of legal restrictions generally and of those imposed by the

law of entail in particular. He has therefore, with an ingenuity which

highly delights him, contrived his own independence of primogeniture by

going through two marriage ceremonies with the mother of his eldest son.

One of these rites has been celebrated before that son’s birth, and one

after. There are also of course two marriage certificates, each relating

to the same nuptials, but each bearing a different date.

According therefore to the document he displays, he can at will prove

his eldest son legitimate or illegitimate. This son, Mountjoy, a

reckless but amiable spendthrift, has a heartless, calculating and

mercenary younger brother, Augustus. Mountjoy, by post-obits and things

of that sort, has pledged the paternal property to the Jews. At any cost

Scarborough resolves that his fine estate, Tretton Park, shall be kept

from the money-lenders. He therefore declares Mountjoy a bastard, and so

disqualifies him for inheriting. Thus the younger of the two brothers,

Augustus, feels no doubt of soon possessing the acres that, but for the

blot on his scutcheon, would have gone to Mountjoy. Meanwhile Mr.

Scarborough says nothing, but buys up all Mountjoy’s apparently

valueless post-obits. He thus, at comparatively slight expense, gives

his alleged natural son a pecuniarily clean slate.

This done he dashes to the ground the hopes of his younger son Augustus

by suddenly displaying his first marriage certificate as proof of

Mountjoy’s birth in wedlock. Having thus tricked successively all whom

it suited his humour to deceive, Mr. Scarborough has no more to do than

quietly breathe his last.

The irony and Mephistophelian fun of the story are not confined to the

situations now described, but overflow very effectively into the

amusingly drawn scenes with the duped and furious money-lenders.

The life at Waltham Cross had been more that of an Essex squire with

sporting tastes than of a hard-working author or a busy official. It was

an existence whose charm, as years went on, Trollope found himself bent

on tasting once more. While casting about for a suitable place, he heard

of what seemed as near perfection as possible, in West Sussex. North

End, or, as it is to-day known, The Grange, lies in Harting parish, some

twelve miles from Chichester and four from Petersfield. At one time two

farmhouses, but now joined together, it is among the best and prettiest

buildings in the district. Surrounded by an estate of nearly seventy

acres, its long line of windows and doors opens on a delightful lawn,

with a background of copse, studded with Scotch firs and larches. Under

these a long walk, worthy of Windsor or Kensington, starting from the

garden gate, leads through fields up to a South Down hill. On the lawn

itself might have been seen, even since Trollope’s day, at one end, the

greenhouse, whose flowers he used to tend. Nor were his North End days

passed less industriously than those in Montagu Square, where he had

pitched his tent on his return from Australia. His hours were,

nominally, almost the same as in the strenuous days when he first

cultivated the habit of very early rising, so as to get through the

daily task of authorship before being due either at Post Office

inspection or a meet of hounds, as the case may be. A cup of hot coffee

and milk carried him on till a solid breakfast at about nine; when he

sat down to that meal the day’s literary labours had generally been

altogether finished.

Only some time after leaving the Post Office, in 1868, did he

extensively use dictation for his novels. Good fortune gave him, while

still at Montagu Square, for his amanuensis a niece, Miss Bland. Apropos

of her sympathetic co-operation, he once said to me: “However early the

hour, however dull and depressing the dawn, we soon warm to our work and

get so excited with those we are writing about, that I don’t know

whether she or I are most surprised when the time comes to leave off for

breakfast.”

Trollope seemed in excellent health on settling at North End, Harting,

as well as throughout his stay there. But gradually he left his bed

later than formerly, and often reduced the number of words forming the

diurnal task. Together with this he increased his local hospitalities,

as well as enlarged his active interest in all parish concerns whether

of business or pleasure. Penny Readings were in those days still

popular. Trollope not only patronised and assisted at them, but

delighted his rural neighbours by securing on the platform, or in the

body of the room, some of his well-known London visitors, notably Sir

Henry James and J. E. Millais; while the picturesque surroundings of his

Sussex home inspired another guest, the Poet Laureate, Mr. Alfred

Austin, with one among the most charming of his later works, _The

Garden that I Love_. Not once during his stay at Harting did Trollope

see the Goodwood or Hambledon foxhounds “throw off”; and he did not

spend more time in the saddle on the South Downs than he would have done

during his equestrian constitutionals in Hyde Park.

Ireland first had, in 1847, made Anthony Trollope a novelist. His pen

was being exercised on an Irish subject when death took it from his

fingers. Before, however, beginning _The Land Leaguers_, he had, in

1879, published a short story, _An Eye for an Eye_, whose scene is laid

in county Clare.

Mrs. O’Hara’s life had been ruined by a marriage with a drunken and

cruel husband, from whom she has fled. To avoid him, she lives with her

daughter Kate in an obscure corner of the Clare coast. To the barracks

at the neighbouring town, Ennis, comes Fred Neville, heir to the Scroope

earldom, a handsome, charming, morally weak, but altogether irresistible

scamp. His acquaintance with Kate leads to an engagement, the declared

prelude of an early marriage. Neville’s English relatives succeed in

preventing this, but not before Kate’s personal surrender to her lover.

The hateful husband now renews his persecutions of the lady who has the

misfortune to be his wife. Mrs. O’Hara, maddened by these fresh troubles

and by her daughter’s ruin, contrives with her own hand Neville’s fatal

fall over a cliff. After this Kate goes abroad to take care of her

father, now a broken invalid. Mrs. O’Hara loses her wits and passes the

rest of her days in a mad-house. This unpleasant and painful story has

no other interest than that of mere horror. It is as depressing and

sombre as _The Kellys and the O’Kellys_ without any of the humorous

sidelights which in parts relieve the earlier work.

The other Irish novel was written almost concurrently with a very slight

sketch, _An Old Man’s Love_--his last completed story--a year after _The

Land Leaguers_. The writing of _The Land Leaguers_ had been prepared for

by his final stay, during some weeks, on the other side of St. George’s

Channel, in the spring of 1882. To that period belongs his decisive

separation from Gladstonian Liberalism. His warm friendship with W. E.

Forster had made him reluctant to leave the Liberals even after he had

begun to distrust their policy; but during his stay on the other side of

St. George’s Channel in the spring of 1882, he had penetrated the

artificial, purely American, and Anti-British origin of Irish

Nationalism. The professional agitation-monger against the British

connection, as described in _The Land Leaguers_, was a Yankee, perhaps

with some Hibernian strain in his blood, but, from the Giant’s Causeway

to Cape Clear, equally ignorant of and indifferent to the welfare and

the wants of the population whether from a national or local point of

view. Jack-of-all-trades, master of none, he appeared one day as the

plausible and patriotic champion of oppressed Erin on the platform; the

next, as the promoter of a bogus land company at a Galway market; and

then, by a complete change of part, as the insinuating concert or

theatrical impresario, who philanthropically puts young ladies with

pretty faces, good figures, and voices in the way of making their

fortunes and enriching their families. The literary contrasts thus

suggested are worked up in _The Land Leaguers_ with pathos and power, as

well as old humour.[37]

Trollope’s two greatest contemporaries, Thackeray and Dickens, did not

live to finish their last novels, _Denis Duval_ and _Edwin Drood_

respectively. So, too, it was with Trollope himself. After a journey to

Italy about a year before his death he prepared himself for writing _The

Land Leaguers_ by two tours in Ireland. This was one of the only two

books--_Framley Parsonage_ having been the other--whose publication

began before the closing chapter had been written; it was therefore

destined to remain a fragment.

Of the practically unknown stories belonging to this period, the only

one which it would be fair, however briefly, to recall is _Dr. Worth’s

School_ (1881). That contains a last addition to the long clerical

portrait gallery--a pedagogue in holy orders, in whom, to judge from his

temperament, the artist must have taken an autobiographical interest.

For Dr. Wortle has the same reputation as Trollope himself for

blustering amiability, an imperious manner and a good heart. With the

rectory of Bowick he combines schoolmastering of a very select and

remunerative kind. Of course Dr. Wortle himself is too busy, and his

wife too preoccupied with parochial or social duties to bestow much

personal attention upon the boys. All this is therefore left to the

assistant master, Mr. Peacocke, and his wife.

Peacocke, an ex-Fellow of Trinity, has spent much time in America. Here

he first met Mrs. Peacocke, a young and beautiful woman, married while a

mere girl to a worthless and cruel profligate, Ferdinand Lefroy, who

soon afterwards disappears, killed, it is said, in a drunken brawl. The

first husband, as will at once be guessed, is not dead but, as he soon

shows, very much alive. Peacocke has thus to choose between deserting

the defenceless woman, whom, however vainly, he has done all he could to

make his wife, or brazening it out, risk the consequences, and refuse to

give her up. Adopting that latter course, he makes much trouble for

himself, even in such a paradise of matrimonial laxity as the United

States. He therefore recrosses the Atlantic with the hope of beginning a

new life in his native land. At Dr. Wortle’s, Peacocke is doing well

when the story of his own and his wife’s past becomes known. Pressure is

now placed on Dr. Wortle to dismiss his immoral usher. His generous

refusal to do so loses him nearly all his pupils, and determines

Peacocke to search America for evidence that, by conclusively

establishing Lefroy’s death, will clear both Dr. Wortle and himself. His

errand succeeds. Peacocke brings back with him proof of his having

violated neither the marriage law nor the decalogue. The way is

therefore open for an indisputably legal union with Mrs. Peacocke. That

is followed by the return of prosperity to all persons concerned. The

parents who have withdrawn their sons rally round Peacocke’s loyal

chief. The curtain falls on the entrance upon the new lease of

prosperity of Dr. Wortle’s school and all connected with it.

Few novelists have beat out their gold leaf so thin as was

systematically done by Trollope. None but himself have persisted in the

practice for years without encountering signs of weariness in their

public that have caused them to change their ways. Trollope never felt,

or, at least, practically acknowledged such a compulsion. _Dr. Wortle’s

School_ only attained to the dimensions of a book, because the story

that gives the title to the volume receives the addition of incidents

and characters, organically quite unconnected with the central

personages and plot. Trollope, therefore, consistently and to the last,

in the structure of his novels persevered with a method somewhat apt to

try his readers’ patience. In other words, by distracting attention from

the creatures of his imagination originally placed in the foreground, he

weakens their hold upon the mind. The legitimate or the most serviceable

purpose of an underplot is to illustrate from another part of the stage,

or on a stage entirely different, those evolutions of character or

course of action belonging to the maiden narrative. This was almost as

entirely ignored by Trollope as it was thoroughly understood by Dickens.

In _Dombey and Son_ the gipsy underplot is a close parallel to, as well

as an apposite commentary on, the principal theme of Mr. Dombey and his

second wife. Like Edith Skewton, Alice Brown is a tall, handsome girl,

out of whose beauty a grasping and worthless mother makes what capital

she can. Alice’s outlook on life is in every particular Edith’s also;

one of scorn for herself and her mother, and a weary defiance to the

world. Alice, too, resembles Edith in being a much less strong-willed

mother’s passive instrument, not from any sympathy with her, but from an

utter indifference to good or ill. Further, the personal likeness

between the two is explained by the fact of Alice Brown’s being Edith

Dombey’s illegitimate sister. Again, it is through Alice’s mother, Mrs.

Brown, that Dombey discovers the continental whereabouts of the

defaulting Carker and of his own wife. The analogy appears still closer

when one remembers that, after the mother’s death, Alice rises above the

level to which she had been degraded, without knowing what happiness

means. With Dickens, the whole episode is not the less significant

because it is shadowy, and its vagueness at no point interferes with the

central narrative.

Another quality distinguishing Trollope from most other novelists is a

literary style, shown from the first and retained to the last, exactly

suited to his subject-matter, appealing at once to the cultivated and

the general reader. Writing not for a limited circle--like his junior in

years, but, in work, almost his contemporary, Meredith, or his avowed

master and idol, Thackeray--with his pen, as in his pursuits, habits,

and tastes, he was, after the English manner, essentially masculine. Yet

he knew more of the feminine mind and nature than any author of his

generation. His descriptions of mixed society in drawing-room or Club

may occasionally lack lightness in handling, polish and point. His

scenes, humorous or pathetic, serious or trivial, between women alone in

seaside lodgings or in country houses, unite with a vividness of

presentation a fineness of touch, unique in English fiction. That was

the quality apropos of which a London hostess once said to him, “Mr.

Trollope, how do you know what we women say to each other when we get

alone in our room?” A few hours before this question, being at the

Athenæum, he had heard a member of the Club complain that in _The Last

Chronicle of Barset_ Mrs. Proudie was still allowed to live. “Feeling

sure,” said Trollope, “from this, that the bishopess was beginning to

pall on the public, I went home and killed her.” Add to this width,

depth, and variety of the interest he excited the fact that he never

risked being dull in the affectation or effort of being profound and

that, from first to last, his bold, clear, if sometimes diffuse style

was tainted by no symptoms of the modern euphuism known as preciosity,

Trollope’s claim to the description of a national novelist cannot be

denied.

The advance of the story, prose or verse, narrative or dramatic, from

the Attic stage to Samuel Richardson, as from the creator of Clarissa to

the creator of Hetty Sorrel, has been from incident to character.

Character analysis and character casuistry naturally go together.

Hence, to some degree it has been already possible to see in Trollope

the progenitor of the twentieth-century problem novel. From that point

of view, the man, whose development has been traced in these pages, was

the typical product, not of a great creative, but of a reflective and

critical age. Thus he illustrated, in however different form, the same

influences of his age as showed themselves, among prose writers, not

only in Meredith, but in Matthew Arnold or Carlyle, in A. W. Kinglake or

in Laurence Oliphant; and among poets, in Browning.

The turn for psychological puzzles together with the dissection of human

motive and action common to the two men made Trollope Browning’s

favourite among contemporary writers. Socially, during the last half of

their careers the novelist and the poet led much the same lives,

visiting at the same houses and most easily unbending in the same

company. One of the latest occasions on which the two met each other was

in the grounds of Lambeth Palace in 1882. Their host upon that occasion

was Archibald Campbell Tait. By something of a coincidence, before the

year was out both the archbishop and that literary guest who was more

closely associated by his writings than any English author with the

higher and lower orders of the Anglican clergy were dead. Tait died on

December 3rd, Trollope on December 6th.

During the two years passed by him at Harting there had been no great

decline in his health. After leaving his Sussex home, he saw little

again of Montagu Square. With that place, however, those who knew him

best always most pleasantly connected his name. There the book-room or

study, the scene of nearly all his literary toils, with Miss Bland for

his amanuensis, was on the ground-floor behind the dining-room. Above

that his books had overflowed into a double drawing-room; one of its

chief features was a capacious recess at the north end, fitted with some

book-shelves, but chiefly used by him for visitors with whom he wished

some special talk. The contents of the shelves now mentioned had a

history highly characteristic of their owner. Robert Bell, the once

universally known book-lover, critic, and author, had left to his widow

a smaller estate than was expected. His library was announced for sale

at Willis and Sotheran’s. “This,” said Trollope, “must not be. We all

know the difference in value between buying and selling of books.” He at

once saw the executors; the auction arrangements were cancelled.

Trollope bought all the volumes at a price, fixed by himself, much above

their market worth.

This was only one instance of the kindly and unselfish actions

unostentatiously performed by one among the broadest-minded,

kindest-hearted of men. Not unreservedly a man of peace himself, he more

than once acted as peacemaker, in reconciling to each other friends of

his long at variance. Thus a difference originating in the newspaper

office (_The Daily News_) with which they both had to do, kept apart for

nearly a generation two of his intimates, Edward Pigott and Edward

Dicey. Neither would probably have spoken again to the other but for

Trollope’s genial and tactful intervention. This happened during the

last eighteen months of his life. His manner in doing it reminded both

men of a sixth-form boy who, separating two juniors engaged in

fisticuffs, bids them, with a gentle kick, go about their business.

When, in 1873, Trollope had taken the Montagu Square house, it was for

the purpose of ending both his days and his work there and there only.

The fates, however, had decided against that. In the late autumn of 1882

Trollope reappeared in London, but took up his abode at Garland’s Hotel,

Suffolk Street, Pall Mall. On the 3rd of November, while dining at the

house of his brother-in-law, Sir John Tilley, he had a paralytic

seizure. He was removed to a nursing home at 34 Welbeck Street, and

attended by Dr. Murrell with Sir William Jenner in consultation. For a

fortnight his condition improved; then came a relapse. Death followed

after an illness which had lasted about a month. On the following

Saturday, December 9th, he was laid to rest, not far from Thackeray’s

grave, in Kensal Green. Among those present at his funeral were: the

most famous survivor of his literary generation, Robert Browning; J. E.

Millais, his artistic colleague in so many novels; Mr. Alfred Austin;

Frederick Chapman, the head of the publishing firm Chapman and Hall,

with which during many years previously he chiefly had to do, his own

small interest in which he bequeathed to his family; and an Australian

friend, Mr. Rusden, as the representative of those colonies where he had

long found some of his most loyal readers.

On the same day that Trollope died there died also, at Cannes, the

French socialistic writer Louis Blanc, known to Trollope during the

years of his London exile, and, it might have been thought, long

forgotten by his English acquaintances. Nevertheless the London papers

of December 7th, 1882, devoted a larger space to their comments on the

French Radical’s career than to the English novelist’s works. The

newspaper verdict was generally represented by _The Times_, which, after

a passing reference to his miscellaneous literary activities, correctly

enough reflected the public estimate by emphasising Trollope’s sustained

hold on his readers and the uniform level of merit during thirty-five

years of unceasing work.

His death was immediately followed by some fall in the demand for his

writing. Since then, however, time has redressed the balance after so

marked a fashion that, among the leading literary features of the

twentieth century, a permanent revival of popular interest in the novels

and in the man who wrote them will have a place.

* * * * *

A BIBLIOGRAPHY

OF THE

FIRST EDITIONS OF THE WORKS

OF

ANTHONY TROLLOPE

COMPILED BY MARGARET LAVINGTON

WITH NOTES DRAWN CHIEFLY FROM HIS _AUTOBIOGRAPHY_

AND FROM INFORMATION KINDLY GIVEN BY HIS SON,

HENRY M. TROLLOPE

1847

THE MACDERMOTS | OF | BALLYCLORAN, | By | Mr. A. TROLLOPE. | In

Three Volumes. | London: | Thomas Cautley Newby, Publisher, | 72,

Mortimer Street, Cavendish Sq. | 1847. |

Small 8vo. Vol. I., pp. 345; Vol. II., pp. 382; Vol. III., pp. 743

(sic). [This figure is plainly a misprint for 437, as the preceding page

is numbered 436.]

The plot, which Trollope considered to be as good as any he ever made,

of this book, was conceived during a walk with his friend, John

Merivale, around the village of Drumsna, Co. Leitrim, in the course of

which they came upon the modern ruins of a country-house, as described

in Chapter I. It was begun in September 1843, and finished a year after

his marriage, which took place in June 1844. His mother, Mrs. Frances

Trollope the novelist, arranged for its publication with Mr. Newby, who

neither paid the author anything nor rendered an account of the sales

which were presumably very small. The sum of £48, 6_s._ 9_d._ mentioned

in the Autobiography as received for this book was probably therefore in

respect of the new edition of 1859. Mr. Henry Merivale Trollope kindly

informs me that another copy of the first edition in his possession

contains a new and different title-page, as though the publisher, seeing

that another novel had been issued, hoped to help the sale of his

remaining copies by the additional words, “Author of _The Kellys and the

O’Kellys_.” The book is in all other respects the same. This later

title-page reads as follows:

THE MACDERMOTS | OF | BALLYCLORAN. | A Historical Romance. | By A.

TROLLOPE, ESQ. | Author of “The Kellys, and the O’Kellys.” | In

Three Volumes. | London. | T. C. Newby, 72, Mortimer Street, |

Cavendish Square | 1848. |

1848

THE KELLYS | AND | THE O’KELLYS: | or | Landlords and Tenants. | A

Tale of Irish Life. | By | A. TROLLOPE, Esq. | In Three Volumes. |

London. | Henry Colburn, Publisher, | Great Marlborough Street. |

1848. |

Small 8vo. Vol. I., pp. 298; Vol. II., pp. 298;

Vol. III., pp. 285.

For this book Colburn agreed to pay the author half profits, but

actually incurred a loss which amounted to £63, 10_s._ 1½_d._ Only

375 copies were printed, and 140 sold. The sum of £123, 19_s._ 5_d._,

recorded as received for this work, was therefore probably in respect of

later editions. The influence of a friend obtained a short notice in the

_Times_ to the effect that the book was like a leg of mutton,

substantial, but a little coarse, but before this notice appeared

Trollope had made up his mind never to ask for, or deplore, criticism;

never to thank a critic for praise, or quarrel with him for censure. To

this rule he adhered with absolute strictness, and recommended it to all

young authors.

1850

LA VENDÉE. | An Historical Romance. | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE, Esq.,

| Author of “The Kellys and the O’Kellys,” etc. | In Three Volumes.

| London: | Henry Colburn, Publisher, | Great-Marlborough-Street. |

1850. |

Small 8vo. Vol. I., pp. iv (preface pp. iii-iv), 320; Vol. II., pp.

330; Vol. III., pp. 313.

According to the agreement for this book Trollope was to receive £20

down; £30 when Colburn had sold 350 copies; and £50 more should he sell

450 within six months. The £20 was received, but no more, so that the

sales were presumably no larger than before. No reviews of it seem ever

to have met Trollope’s eye.

1855

THE | WARDEN. | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE. | London: | Longman, Brown,

Green, and Longmans. | 1855. |

Small 8vo. In One Volume: pp. iv, 336.

Conceived while wandering around Salisbury Cathedral during his work in

establishing rural posts, _The Warden_ was begun by Trollope at Tenbury

in Worcestershire on July 29, 1852, and finished in Ireland in the

autumn of the following year. This was the first book of the series of

novels of which Barchester was the central site. He received a cheque

for £9, 8_s._ 8_d._ at the end of 1855, and £10, 15_s._ 1_d._ a year

later. A thousand copies were printed, and of these about 300 were

converted into another form five or six years later, and sold as

belonging to a cheap edition.

A review in the _Times_ rebuked the author for indulging in

personalities in the matter of one Tom Towers, introduced by him as a

contributor to the _Jupiter_. But though Trollope had certainly thus

alluded to the _Times_, he was at that period entirely ignorant of the

_personnel_ of its staff.

1857

BARCHESTER TOWERS. | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE, | Author of the

“Warden.” | In Three Volumes. | London: | Longman, Brown, Green,

Longmans, & Roberts. | 1857. | [_The right of translation is

reserved._]

Small 8vo. Vol. I., pp. 305; Vol. II., p. 299; Vol. III., pp. iv,

321.

Written chiefly in railway trains while investigating the rural postal

system of England, _Barchester Towers_ was the second of the series

dealing with the bishops, deans, and archdeacon of Barchester. It was

published by Longman, after a refusal on the author’s part to curtail

the work, on the half-profit system, with the payment of £100 in advance

from the half-profits. Writing in 1876, Trollope records a small yearly

income from this and the preceding book, _The Warden_, making together

at that date a total of £727, 11_s._ 3_d._

1858

THE THREE CLERKS. | A Novel. | By ANTHONY TROLLOPE, | Author of

“Barchester Towers,” etc. | In Three Volumes. | London: | Richard

Bentley, New Burlington Street. | 1858. |

Small 8vo. Vol. I., pp. iv, 340; Vol. II., pp. iv, 322; Vol. III.,

pp. iv, 334.

An autobiographical interest marks this book, for the story of how

Trollope was admitted into the Secretary’s office of the General Post

Office in 1834 by Henry and Clayton Freeling, the sons of Sir Francis,

is told in the opening chapters under the guise of Charley Tudor’s

admittance into the Internal Navigation Office. The whole scheme of

competitive examination is deplored, and its supporters, Sir Charles

Trevelyan and Sir Stafford Northcote (afterwards Lord Iddesleigh) appear

respectively as Sir Gregory Hardlines and Sir Warwick West End. The book

gave official offence.

As Longman was not prepared to buy it outright, Trollope took it to

Bentley, who paid him £250 for all rights.

1858

DOCTOR THORNE. | A Novel. | By ANTHONY TROLLOPE, | Author of “The

Three Clerks,” “Barchester Towers,” etc. | In Three Volumes. |

London: | Chapman & Hall, 193 Piccadilly. | 1858. | [_The right of

Translation is reserved._]

Small 8vo. Vol. I., pp. iv, 305; Vol. II. pp. iv, 323; Vol. III.,

pp. iv, 340.

The plot of this book was sketched for Trollope by his brother, Thomas

Adolphus, whom he was visiting in Florence in 1857. This was the only

occasion on which he had recourse to other brains for the thread of a

story. While writing it in Dublin early in 1858, he was asked to go to

Egypt to arrange a postal treaty with the Pasha. He sold his book, when

passing through London, to Chapman and Hall for £400, Bentley refusing

to give more than £300; and finished it in Egypt, writing his allotted

number of pages every day, even during sea-sickness on the terribly

rough voyage to Alexandria.

By the sales, he judged this to be his most popular book.

1859

THE | WEST INDIES | AND THE | SPANISH MAIN. | By ANTHONY TROLLOPE,

| Author of “Barchester Towers,” “Doctor Thorne,” | “The Bertrams,”

etc. | London: | Chapman & Hall, 193, Piccadilly. | 1859. | [_The

right of translation is reserved._]

8vo. In One Volume: pp. iv, 395. With coloured map.

When Trollope was asked to go to the West Indies to reconstruct the

whole of its postal system, he proposed this book to Chapman and Hall,

asking £250 for the single volume. The contract was made without

difficulty, and he returned with the completed work. His view of the

relative position of white men and black was upheld by three articles in

the _Times_, which made the fortune of the book. Trollope regarded it as

the best he had ever written.

1859

THE BERTRAMS. | A Novel. | By ANTHONY TROLLOPE, | Author of

“Barchester Towers,” “Doctor Thorne,” etc. | In Three Volumes. |

London: | Chapman & Hall, 193 Piccadilly. | 1859. | [_The right of

Translation is reserved._]

Small 8vo. Vol. I., pp. iv. 335; Vol. II., pp. iv. 344; Vol. III.,

pp. iv. 331.

Begun the day after finishing _Doctor Thorne_, this book was written

under very vagrant circumstances at Alexandria, Malta, Gibraltar,

Glasgow, at sea, and finished in Jamaica. It was sold to Chapman and

Hall for £400, but never attained the popularity of _Doctor Thorne_.

Trollope says that he never heard it well spoken of.

1860

CASTLE RICHMOND. | A Novel. | By ANTHONY TROLLOPE. | Author of

‘Barchester Towers,’ ‘Doctor Thorne,’ ‘The West | Indies and the

Spanish Main,’ etc. | In three volumes, | London: | Chapman and

Hall, 193 Piccadilly. | 1860. | [_The right of Translation is

reserved._]

Small 8vo. Vol. I., pp. vi, 303; Vol. II., pp. iv, 300; Vol. III.,

pp. vi, 289.

Declined by George Smith in November 1859 for the _Cornhill Magazine_,

which was to appear for the first time some eight weeks hence, on the

ground that it was an Irish story, this book was published later by

Chapman & Hall, as originally intended, after _Framley Parsonage_ had

been running in the _Cornhill_. This was the only occasion on which

Trollope had two different novels in his mind at the same time. He asked

and obtained £600 for it on the success of _The West Indies_.

1861

FRAMLEY PARSONAGE, | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE, | Author of “Barchester

Towers,” etc. etc. | with Six Illustrations by J. E. Millais, R.A.

| In Three Volumes. | London: | Smith, Elder and Co., 65, Cornhill.

| M.DCCC.LXI. | [_The right of Translation is reserved._]

Small 8vo. Vol. I., pp. 333; Vol. II., pp. 318; Vol. III., pp. 330.

There are two illustrations in each volume, the list being on page iv.

(unnumbered) of Vol. I.

Messrs. Smith & Elder, having offered Trollope £1000 for the copyright

of a three-volume novel to appear serially in their new venture, the

_Cornhill_, declined _Castle Richmond_ on account of its Irish

character, but begged him to frame some other story, suggesting the

Church as a theme peculiar to his powers. He thereupon fell back on his

old Barchester friends and wrote a tale that became increasingly popular

as it proceeded. _Framley Parsonage_ appeared in the _Cornhill_ from

January 1860 to April 1861. The author himself doubted the possibility

of making a character more life-like than Lucy Robarts.

1861

TALES OF ALL COUNTRIES. | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE. | Author of |

“Barchester Towers,” “Dr. Thorne,” “The West Indies and the Spanish

Main.” | London: | Chapman and Hall, 193, Piccadilly. | 1861. |

[_The right of Translation is reserved._] |

Small 8vo. In One Volume: pp. 312.

This is the First Series; for the Second, see under 1863.

CONTENTS

La Mère Bauche. _Republished from Harper’s New York Magazine._

The O’Conors of Castle Conor. _From the same._

John Bull on the Guadalquivir. _From Cassell’s Family Paper._

Miss Sarah Jack, of Spanish Town, Jamaica. _From the same._

The Courtship of Susan Bell. _From Harper’s New York Magazine._

Relics of General Chassé. _From the same._

An Unprotected Female at the Pyramids. _From Cassell’s Family Paper._

The Château of Prince Polignac. _From the same._

Some of these stories reflect Trollope’s own adventures. The second is

based on his early days in Ireland, and the third on the chief incident

in a journey to Seville.

1862

ORLEY FARM. | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE, | Author of | “Doctor Thorne,”

“Barchester Towers,” “Framley Parsonage,” etc. | With illustrations

| By J. E. Millais. | In Two Volumes. | London: | Chapman and Hall,

193 Piccadilly. | 1862. | [_The right of Translation is reserved._]

|

8vo. Vol. I., pp. viii, 320; Vol. II., pp. viii, 320. Each volume

contains twenty illustrations.

Completed before he started for America in 1861, this appeared in twenty

shilling numbers, and Trollope obtained £3135. While rating the plot

highly he thought it declared itself too soon. Of the illustrations by

Millais he wrote: “I have never known a set of illustrations so

carefully true, as are these, to the conceptions of the writer of the

book illustrated. I say that as a writer. As a lover of art I will add

that I know no book graced with more exquisite pictures.” The drawing of

Orley Farm itself, in the frontispiece, depicts in reality the farmhouse

at Harrow in which the Trollope family lived during the author’s

boyhood.

1862

NORTH AMERICA | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE, | Author of | “The West

Indies and the Spanish Main,” “Doctor Thorne,” “Orley Farm,” etc. |

In Two Volumes. | London: | Chapman & Hall, 193 Piccadilly. | 1862.

| [_The right of Translation is reserved._]

8vo. Vol. I., pp. viii.; folding map, 467; Vol. II., pp. viii, 494

(Appendices A, B, and C, pp. 467-494.)

On the outbreak of the War of Secession in 1861 Trollope applied for

nine months’ leave of absence from the Post Office and visited America,

writing as he went from State to State. It is interesting to note that,

contrary to the very strong feeling in England in favour of the South,

he felt with and prophesied the victory of the North. The book met the

demand of the moment; second and third editions were published in the

same year, and Trollope received £1250.

1863

TALES OF ALL COUNTRIES. | Second Series. | By ANTHONY TROLLOPE. |

London: | Chapman & Hall, 193, Piccadilly. | 1863. | [_The right of

Translation is reserved._]

Small 8vo. In One Volume: pp. 371.

CONTENTS.

1. Aaron Trow.

2. Mrs. General Talboys.

3. The Parson’s Daughter of Oxney Colne.

4. George Walker at Suez.

5. The Mistletoe Bough.

6. Returning Home.

7. A Ride Across Palestine.

8. The House of Heine Brothers in Munich.

9. The Man who kept his Money in a Box.

Republished from various periodicals.

For the first of this series see under 1861. For these two books and

(probably) for _Lotta Schmidt_, virtually one of the same series, though

the title was discontinued, Trollope received a total sum of £1830. The

tales reflect much of his own experiences.

1863

RACHEL RAY. | A Novel. | By ANTHONY TROLLOPE. | Author of |

“Barchester Towers,” “Castle Richmond,” “Orley Farm,” etc. | In Two

Volumes. | London: | Chapman and Hall, 193, Piccadilly. | 1863. |

[_The right of Translation is reserved._]

Small 8vo. Vol I., pp. iv, 319; Vol. II., pp. iv, 310.

Written at the request of Dr. Norman Macleod for _Good Words_, _Rachel

Ray_ was partly printed by him, and then returned with profuse apologies

as unsuitable--as Trollope had predicted it would be. It therefore

appeared in ordinary volume form. A later and cheaper edition contained

one illustration by Millais. Trollope received a total of £1645.

1864

THE | SMALL HOUSE AT ALLINGTON. | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE. | With

Eighteen Illustrations by J. E. Millais, R.A. | In Two Volumes. |

London: | Smith, Elder & Co., 65, Cornhill. | M.DCCC.LXIV. | [_The

right of Translation is reserved._]

Octavo. Vol. I., pp. 312; Vol. II., pp. 316.

Vol. I. contains ten illustrations; Vol. II., eight.

On the conclusion of _The Struggles of Brown, Jones, and Robinson_,

this far more popular work appeared serially in the _Cornhill_ from

September 1862 to April 1864. Published in book form in 1864, it ran

into a third edition within the year, and Trollope received a sum of

£3000. Sir Raffle Buffle, a hero of the Civil Service, was intended to

represent a type, not a man; but the man for the picture was soon

chosen. Trollope, however, had never seen, and never did see, the

supposed prototype.

1864

CAN YOU FORGIVE HER? | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE, | Author of | “Orley

Farm,” “Doctor Thorne,” “Framley Parsonage,” etc. | With

Illustrations. | In Two Volumes. | London: | Chapman and Hall, 193

Piccadilly. | 1864. | [_The right of Translation is reserved._]

8vo. Vol. I., pp. vi, 320; Vol. II., pp. vi, 320.

This story was partly formed on a comedy, _The Noble Jilt_, written by

Trollope in 1850 and refused by George Bartley, the actor-manager. It

became very dear to the author as the first of a series that continued

with _Phineas Finn_, _Phineas Redux_, and _The Prime Minister_. _Can You

Forgive Her?_ appeared in twenty shilling numbers from August 1863, and

Trollope received £3525.

Each volume contains twenty illustrations. Those in the first volume

were by “Phiz” (Hablot K. Browne), but Frederick Chapman, the publisher,

considered them so bad and incongruous that the remainder were made by a

Miss Taylor.

1865

MISS MACKENZIE. | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE. | In Two Volumes. |

London: | Chapman and Hall, 193 Piccadilly. | 1865. | [_The right

of Translation is reserved._]

Small 8vo. Vol. I., pp. vi, 312; Vol. II., pp. vi, 313.

Issued in ordinary volume form in the early spring of 1865, _Miss

Mackenzie_ was written with the desire to prove love an unessential

element in a novel, but the attempt broke down before the conclusion. It

brought the author £1300.

1865

HUNTING SKETCHES. | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE. | [Reprinted from the

“Pall Mall Gazette.”] | London: | Chapman and Hall, 193,

Piccadilly. | 1865. |

Small 8vo. In One Volume: pp. 115.

CONTENTS.

The Man who Hunts and doesn’t Like it.

The Man who Hunts and does Like it.

The Lady who Rides to Hounds.

The Hunting Farmer.

The Man who Hunts and never Jumps.

The Hunting Parson.

The Master of Hounds.

How to Ride to Hounds.

1866

THE | BELTON ESTATE. | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE, | Author of | “Can

You Forgive Her?” “Orley Farm,” “Framley Parsonage,” etc. etc. | In

Three Volumes. | London: | Chapman and Hall, 193 Piccadilly. |

1866. | [_The right of Translation is reserved._]

Small 8vo. Vol. I., pp. iv, 284; Vol. II., pp. iv, 308; Vol. III.,

pp. iv, 276.

This was the first serial to appear in the new _Fortnightly Review_,

established by Trollope and others in May 1865, under the editorship of

G. H. Lewes. It brought in a sum of £1757.

1866

TRAVELLING SKETCHES. | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE. | [Reprinted from the

“Pall Mall Gazette.”] | London: | Chapman and Hall, 193,

Piccadilly. | 1866.

Small 8vo. In One Volume: pp. 112.

CONTENTS

The Family that Goes Abroad because it’s the Thing to Do.

The Man who Travels Alone.

The Unprotected Female Tourist.

The United Englishmen who Travel for Fun.

The Art Tourist.

The Tourist in Search of Knowledge.

The Alpine Club Man.

Tourists who Don’t Like their Travels.

1866

CLERGYMEN | OF THE | CHURCH OF ENGLAND. | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE. |

[Reprinted from the “Pall Mall Gazette.”] | London: | Chapman and

Hall, 193, Piccadilly. | 1866. |

Small 8vo. In One Volume: pp. 130.

CONTENTS

I. The Modern English Archbishop.

II. English Bishops, Old and New.

III. The Normal Dean of the Present Day.

IV. The Archdeacon.

V. The Parson of the Parish.

VI. The Town Incumbent.

VII. The College Fellow who has taken Orders.

VIII. The Curate in a Populous Parish.

IX. The Irish Beneficed Clergyman.

X. The Clergyman who Subscribes for Colenso.

These sketches incurred the wrath of a great dean, and were the subject

of a hostile review in the _Contemporary Review_.

1867

THE CLAVERINGS. | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE. | With Sixteen

Illustrations, by M. Ellen Edwards. | In Two Volumes. | London: |

Smith, Elder and Co., 65, Cornhill. | M.DCCC.LXVII. |

8vo. Vol. I., pp. vi, 313; Vol. II., pp. vi, 309.

This was the last book written for the _Cornhill_ in which it appeared

serially from February 1866 to May 1867. The total sum received was

£2800, being the highest rate of pay ever accorded to Trollope. It was

offered by George Smith, the proprietor of the magazine, and paid in a

single cheque.

1867

THE | LAST CHRONICLE | OF | BARSET. | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE. | With

Thirty-two | Illustrations by George H. Thomas. | In Two Volumes. |

London: | Smith, Elder and Co., 65, Cornhill. | M.DCCC.LXVII. |

8vo. Vol. I., pp. 384; Vol. II., pp. 384.

The shilling magazines having interfered greatly with the success of

novels published in numbers without other accompanying matter, George

Smith made the experiment of bringing this book out in monthly parts at

sixpence each. The enterprise was not entirely successful, but the

author received £3000 for the use of the MS.

He killed off “Mrs. Proudie” in consequence of a conversation he could

not help overhearing between two clergymen at the Athenæum Club.

1867

LOTTA SCHMIDT | And other Stories | By ANTHONY TROLLOPE | (device

of anchor with motto “Anchora Spei”) | Alexander Strahan, Publisher

| 56 Ludgate Hill, London | 1867 | _The right of Translation is

reserved_ |

8vo. In One Volume: pp. 403.

The half-fly-leaf bears the words, “Reprinted from ‘Good Words’ and

other Magazines.” There is no list of contents, but the titles of the

tales are as follows:

Lotta Schmidt.

The Adventures of Fred Pickering.

The Two Generals.

Father Giles of Ballymoy.

Malachi’s Cove.

The Widow’s Mite.

The Last Austrian who left Venice.

Miss Ophelia Gledd.

The Journey to Panama.

Trollope himself appears to have regarded this as the third of the

series of _Tales of All Countries_, though the actual title had been

abandoned. The stories reflect in some degree his own adventures, and

for the three books he received a total of £1830. An edition, dated

1870, contains slight bibliographical variations.

1867

NINA BALATKA | The Story | of | A Maiden of Prague | In Two Volumes

| William Blackwood and Sons | Edinburgh and London | MDCCCLXVII. |

_The Right of Translation is reserved._ |

Small 8vo. Vol. I., pp. 228; Vol. II, pp. 215.

Begun in 1865, and published anonymously in _Blackwood’s Magazine_ in

1866, the authorship was discovered by Hutton of the _Spectator_ from

the repetition of some special phrase peculiar to Trollope. The total

sum received for this book was £450.

1868

BRITISH | SPORTS AND PASTIMES. | 1868. | Edited by ANTHONY

TROLLOPE. | London: | Virtue & Co., 26, Ivy Lane. | New York:

Virtue & Yorston. | 1868. |

Small 8vo. In One Volume, pp. 322.

CONTENTS

On Horse-Racing.

On Hunting.

On Shooting.

On Fishing.

On Yachting.

On Rowing.

On Alpine Climbing.

On Cricket.

Of these eight papers, which appeared in _St. Paul’s Magazine_, only the

second, “On Hunting,” pp. 70-129 inclusive, is by Trollope, though the

Preface, pp. 1-7 inclusive, is also his.

1868

LINDA TRESSEL | By the | AUTHOR of “Nina Balatka.” | In Two Volumes

| William Blackwood and Sons, | Edinburgh and London | MDCCCLXVIII.

| _The Right of Translation is reserved._ |

Small 8vo. Vol. I., pp. 216; Vol. II., pp. 215.

Page v. (unnumbered) of Vol. I. contains a list of the persons of the

story.

Written in June and July 1867 for _Blackwood’s Magazine_, in which it

appeared anonymously. Neither this nor _Nina Balatka_ was a success, and

Blackwood declined the third such tale which was ready for him. (See

_The Golden Lion of Granpère_, 1872, below.) Trollope received £450,

which was probably not more than half the sum he would have obtained had

he allowed his name to appear.

1869

PHINEAS FINN, | THE IRISH MEMBER. | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE. | With

Twenty Illustrations by J. E. Millais, R.A. | In Two Volumes. |

London: | Virtue & Co., 26 Ivy Lane, Paternoster Row. | 1869. |

[_All rights reserved._]

8vo. Vol. I., pp. vi, 320; Vol. II., pp. vi, 328.

The total sum received for this book was £3200. Completed in May 1867,

it appeared in the following October in the new _St. Paul’s Magazine_,

founded by James Virtue, and edited by Trollope for three and a half

years at a salary of £1000 a year. He attended the gallery of the House

of Commons for two months in order to describe correctly the ways and

doings of a Parliamentary member. It ran till May 1869. See also note to

_Can You Forgive Her?_ above.

1869

HE KNEW HE WAS | RIGHT | By ANTHONY TROLLOPE | With Sixty-four

Illustrations by Marcus Stone | (device of an anchor with the motto

‘Anchora Spei’) | Strahan and Company, Publishers, | 56, Ludgate

Hill, London | 1869 |

8vo. In Two Volumes. Vol. I., pp. ix, 384; Vol. II., pp. ix, 384.

First appeared in thirty-two weekly parts (the first four parts being

sewed in one); from November 7, 1867 to May 22, 1868.... Price Sixpence

each. The paper cover had an illustration by Marcus Stone, and the

publishers were Virtue & Company, 294 City Road, and 26 Ivy Lane,

Paternoster Row; New York: 12 Dey Street, the proprietors of the _St.

Paul’s Magazine_. The total sum received for this book was £3200. It was

finished during the negotiations for a postal treaty undertaken by

Trollope at Washington.

1870

THE STRUGGLES | OF | BROWN, JONES, AND ROBINSON: | By One of the

Firm. | Edited (_i.e._ written) by ANTHONY TROLLOPE, | Author of

“Framley Parsonage,” “The Last Chronicle of Barset,” &c. &c. |

Reprinted from the “Cornhill Magazine.” | With Four Illustrations.

| London: | Smith, Elder & Co., 15, Waterloo Place. | 1870. |

Small 8vo. In One Volume. With frontispiece and vignette title page

before title page as given above; pp. iv, 254.

This ran serially in the _Cornhill_ from August 1861 to March 1862. It

was Trollope’s only--and unsuccessful--attempt at a humorous work. He

received £600 for it.

The illustrations were by [Illustration: symbol]

1870

THE COMMENTARIES | OF | CÆSAR | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE | William

Blackwood and Sons | Edinburgh and London | MDCCCLXX |

Small 8vo. In One Volume: pp. vi, 182.

John Blackwood having started a series of _Ancient Classics for English

Readers_ under the editorship of the Rev. William Lucas Collins, he

invited Trollope to write the fourth book of the new venture. Trollope

chose his subject and finished the book in three months, giving it as a

present to his friend the publisher. It was outside his usual line of

work and was coldly received.

1870

THE | VICAR OF BULLHAMPTON. | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE. | (Vignette

illustration) | With Thirty Illustrations by H. Woods. | London: |

Bradbury, Evans, and Co., 11, Bouverie Street. | 1870. |

8vo. In One Volume, pp. xvi (Preface vii-ix inclusive), 481.

Begun at Washington in 1868 during the negotiations for a postal treaty,

the day after finishing _He knew He was Right_, this book was intended

for publication in _Once a Week_ in 1869. Owing, however, to the

dilatoriness of Victor Hugo, _The Vicar of Bullhampton_, and the

translation of _L’Homme qui Rit_ would thus have appeared together, and

this the proprietors, Messrs. Bradbury and Evans, naturally deemed

unsuitable. They offered Trollope publication in the _Gentleman’s

Magazine_, but he refused with some heat, and they then issued the work

in eight parts, paying him the sum of £2500.

This book was written with the intention of exciting pity and sympathy

for a fallen woman, and the author so far departed from his usual

principle as to affix a preface, which he reprinted in his

_Autobiography_ (Vol. II., 177), in support of his subject.

1870

AN EDITOR’S TALES | By ANTHONY TROLLOPE | (the device of an anchor

with the words “Anchora Spei”) | Strahan & Co., Publishers | 56,

Ludgate Hill, London | 1870.

8vo. One Volume: pp. 375.

CONTENTS

The Turkish Bath.

Mary Gresley.

Josephine de Montmorenci.

The Panjandrum.

The Spotted Dog.

Mrs. Brumby.

Republished from the _St. Paul’s Magazine_, of which he was editor,

these stories reflect in an indirect manner Trollope’s own experiences.

He himself considered _The Spotted Dog_ the best of them. The total sum

received for this book was £378.

1871

SIR HARRY HOTSPUR | OF | HUMBLETHWAITE. | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE, |

Author of | “Framley Parsonage,” etc. | London: | Hurst and

Blackett, Publishers, | 13, Great Marlborough Street. | 1871. |

_The right of Translation is reserved._

Small 8vo. In One Volume: pp. vii, 323.

Begun in November 1868 on the conclusion of _The Vicar of Bullhampton_,

and written on the same plan as _Nina Balatka_ and _Linda Tressel_, this

story was sold to _Macmillan’s Magazine_ for £750, in which it appeared

serially without any marked success. It was then sold by the proprietors

to Messrs. Hurst & Blackett, who proposed bringing it out in two volume

form. Trollope, however, had his own ideas as to the proper length of a

volume, and persuaded them to print it in one.

A new edition was published by Macmillan & Co., London and New York, in

the same year.

1871

RALPH THE HEIR. | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE, | Author of | “Framley

Parsonage,” “Sir Harry Hotspur,” | &c. &c. | In Three Volumes. |

London: | Hurst and Blackett, Publishers, | 13, Great Marlborough

Street. | 1871. | _The right of Translation is reserved._ |

Small 8vo. Vol. I., pp. 342; Vol. II., pp. 338; Vol. III., pp. 347.

This ran serially through the _St. Paul’s Magazine_. Trollope thought it

one of the worst novels he had ever written, but the plot of it was

afterwards used by Charles Reade for his play, _Shilly-Shally_.

The total sum received for this book was £2500, and it was re-issued in

the same year by another firm, as follows:

RALPH THE HEIR | By ANTHONY TROLLOPE | With Illustrations by F. A.

Fraser | (device of an anchor with motto “Anchora Spei”) | Strahan

& Co., Publishers | 56, Ludgate Hill, London | 1871. |

8vo. In One Volume: pp. iv, 434.

1872

THE GOLDEN LION | OF | GRANPERE. | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE, | Author

of ‘Ralph the Heir,’ ‘Can You Forgive Her?’ etc. | London: |

Tinsley Brothers, 18 Catherine St. Strand. | 1872. | [_The right of

translation and reproduction is reserved._]

8vo. In One Volume: pp. 353.

Written in September and October 1867, this story was intended for

anonymous publication in _Blackwood’s Magazine_, but as Blackwood had

not found this arrangement profitable in the cases of _Nina Balatka_ and

_Linda Tressel_, it lay by until it appeared in _Good Words_ and the

author received £550.

1873

THE | EUSTACE DIAMONDS. | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE. | In Three

Volumes. | London: | Chapman and Hall, 193, Piccadilly. | 1873. |

[_The right of translation is reserved._]

Small 8vo. Vol. I., pp. viii, 354; Vol. II., pp. viii, 363; Vol.

III., pp. viii, 354.

This appeared in the _Fortnightly_ from July 1871 during Trollope’s

absence in Australia. The legal opinion as to heirlooms which it

contains was written by Charles Merewether, afterwards M.P. for

Northampton, and Trollope was told that it became the ruling authority

on the subject. As regarded sales, this was the most successful book

since _The Small House at Allington_. The author received £2500.

1873

AUSTRALIA | AND | NEW ZEALAND. | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE. | In Two

Volumes. | London: | Chapman and Hall, 193, Piccadilly. | 1873. |

[_All rights reserved._] |

8vo. Vol. I., pp. vi, 533. With coloured map as frontispiece;

Introduction, pp. 1-22: Queensland, pp. 25-181; New South Wales, pp.

185-348; Victoria, pp. 351-515; Appendices I-V, pp. 516-530; Index, pp.

531-533.

Vol. II., pp. vi, 516. With coloured folding map of Tasmania; Tasmania,

pp. 1-76; Western Australia, pp. 79-150; South Australia, pp. 153-250;

Australian Institutions, pp. 253-297; New Zealand, pp. 301-494;

Conclusion, pp. 497-500; Appendices I-III, pp. 501-512; Index, pp.

513-516.

This was the outcome of a visit to the Antipodes. Trollope, with his

wife, left England in May 1871, and returned with the MS. practically

finished in December 1872. About 2000 copies of the first edition were

sold, and the book again did well in small four-volume form. Trollope

received £1300.

1874

HARRY HEATHCOTE | OF | GANGOIL. | A Tale of Australian Bush Life. |

By ANTHONY TROLLOPE. | London: | Sampson Low, Marston, Low, &

Searle, | Crown Buildings, 188, Fleet Street. | 1874. | [_All

rights reserved._]

Small 8vo. In One Volume, pp. 313.

Written in 1873 by request of the proprietors of the _Graphic_, who paid

him £450, _Harry Heathcote_ reflects many of the experiences of

Trollope’s second son, who was a sheep farmer in Australia.

1874

LADY ANNA. | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE. | In Two Volumes. | London: |

Chapman and Hall, 193, Piccadilly. | 1874. | [_All rights

reserved._]

Small 8vo. Vol. I., pp. viii, 317; Vol. II., pp. viii, 314.

This story was written on the voyage to Australia in 1871, at the rate

of sixty-six pages of MS. a week for eight weeks, each page containing

250 words. Trollope records that he missed one day’s work through

illness. It appeared in the _Fortnightly_ in 1873 on the conclusion of

_The Eustace Diamonds_.

The total sum received for this book was £1200.

1874

PHINEAS REDUX. | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE, | Author of “Phineas Finn.”

| In Two Volumes. | With Illustrations Engraved on Wood. | London:

| Chapman and Hall, 193, Piccadilly. | 1874. |

Octavo. Vol. I., pp. vi, 339; Vol. II., pp. v., 329.

This story, with _An Eye for an Eye_, was left behind in a strong box by

Trollope when he visited Australia in 1871-2. It was subsequently sold

to the proprietors of the _Graphic_ for £2500, in which paper it

appeared in 1873.

The illustrations, twelve in each volume, are by Frank Holl.

See also the note under _Can You Forgive Her?_ above.

1875

THE WAY WE LIVE NOW. | By ANTHONY TROLLOPE. | With Forty

Illustrations. | In Two Volumes. | London: | Chapman and Hall, 193,

Piccadilly. | 1875. | [_All Rights reserved._]

8vo. Vol. I., pp. vi, 320; Vol. II., pp. vi, 319.

The illustrations are by L. G. F.

This was a vigorous piece of satire, written in Trollope’s new home, 39

Montagu Square, in 1873. It appeared in shilling numbers from February

1874 to September 1875.

The total sum received for this book was £3000.

1876

THE PRIME MINISTER. | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE. | In Four Volumes. |

London: | Chapman & Hall, 193, Piccadilly. | 1876. |

Small 8vo. Vol. I., pp. vi, 337; Vol. II., pp. iv, 342; Vol. III.,

vi, 346; Vol. IV., pp. vi, 347.

This book appeared in eight parts at five shillings each, with an

illustration in medallion on the paper covers, which were engraved by

Dalziel. It was in most respects a failure, worse reviewed than any

novel Trollope had written. He was especially hurt by a criticism in the

_Spectator_. The total sum received for this work was £2500.

See also note under _Can You Forgive Her?_ above.

1877

THE AMERICAN SENATOR | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE | In three volumes |

London | Chapman and Hall, 193, Piccadilly | 1877 | [_All rights

reserved._]

Small 8vo. Vol. I., pp. viii, 293; Vol. II., pp. viii, 293; Vol.

III., pp. vii, 284.

First appeared in _Temple Bar_ in 1875, while Trollope was engaged upon

his _Autobiography_. The total sum received for this book was £1800.

The author himself regarded it as inferior to _The Prime Minister_, but

it was more favourably received.

1878

IS HE POPENJOY? | A Novel. | By ANTHONY TROLLOPE. | In Three

Volumes. | London: | Chapman & Hall, 193, Piccadilly. | 1878. |

[_All rights reserved._]

Small 8vo. Vol. I., pp. vii, 301; Vol. II., pp. vii, 297; Vol.

III., pp. vii, 319.

First appeared in _All the Year Round_ in 1877.

The total sum received for this book was £1600. It was written

immediately after _The Prime Minister_.

1878

SOUTH AFRICA. | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE. | In Two Volumes. | London:

| Chapman and Hall, 193, Piccadilly. | 1878. |

8vo. Vol. I., pp. vii, 352; Vol. II., pp. vii, 346 and index, pp.

347-352 inclusive.

Written during a visit to the colony in 1877. The total sum received for

this book was £850.

1879

JOHN CALDIGATE | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE. | In Three Volumes. |

London: | Chapman and Hall, 193, Piccadilly. | 1879. | [_All Rights

Reserved._]

Small 8vo. Vol. I., pp. vi, 290; Vol. II., pp. vi, 296; Vol. III.,

pp. vi, 302.

The total sum received for this book was £1800. It appeared first in

_Blackwood’s Magazine_.

1879

AN EYE FOR AN EYE | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE. | In Two Volumes. |

London: | Chapman & Hall, 193, Piccadilly | 1879. | [_All rights

reserved._]

Small 8vo. Vol. I., pp. vi, 215; Vol. II., pp. vi, 208.

This was written before the visit to Australia in 1871-2.

1879

COUSIN HENRY. | A Novel. | By ANTHONY TROLLOPE. | In two volumes. |

London: | Chapman and Hall, | 193, Piccadilly. | 1879. |

Small 8vo. Vol. I., pp. viii, 219; Vol. II., pp. viii, 222.

1879

THACKERAY | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE | London: | Macmillan and Co. |

1879. | _The Right of Translation and Reproduction is Reserved._ |

Small 8vo. In one Volume: pp. vi, 210.

This was one of the English Men of Letters Series, edited by John

Morley.

1880

THE | DUKE’S CHILDREN. | A Novel. | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE. | In

Three Volumes. | London: | Chapman and Hall, Limited, 193,

Piccadilly. | 1880. | [_All Rights reserved._]

Small 8vo. Vol. I., pp. viii, 320; Vol. II., pp. viii, 327; Vol.

III., pp. viii, 312.

First published in volume form.

1880

THE | LIFE OF CICERO | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE | In Two Volumes |

London | Chapman and Hall, Limited, 193, Piccadilly | 1880 | [_All

Rights Reserved._]

8vo. Vol. I., pp. vii, 419, with Introduction, pp. 1 to 40 inclusive;

and Appendices A, B, C, D, E, pp. 401-419 inclusive; Vol. II., pp. vii,

423, with Appendix, pp. 405-410 inclusive; and Index, pp. 411-423

inclusive.

1881

AYALA’S ANGEL. | By ANTHONY TROLLOPE, | Author of “Doctor Thorne,”

“The Prime Minister,” “Orley Farm,” | etc., etc. | In three

volumes. | London: | Chapman and Hall (Limited), | 11, Henrietta

Street, Covent Garden. | 1881. | [_All Rights Reserved_.]

8vo. Vol. I., pp. iv, 280; Vol. II., pp. iv, 272; Vol. III., iv,

277.

Published in volume form only.

1881

DR. WORTLE’S SCHOOL. | A Novel. | By ANTHONY TROLLOPE. | In Two

Volumes | London: | Chapman and Hall, Limited, 193, Piccadilly. |

1881. | [_All Rights reserved._]

Small 8vo. Vol. I., pp. vi, 237; Vol. II., pp. vi, 246.

Published in volume form only.

1882

WHY FRAU FROHMANN | RAISED HER PRICES | And other Stories | By |

ANTHONY TROLLOPE | Author of “Framley Parsonage.” “Small House at

Allington,” &c. &c. | London | Wm. Isbister, Limited | 56, Ludgate

Hill | 1882 |

Small 8vo. In One Volume: pp. vi, 416.

CONTENTS.

Why Frau Frohmann Raised Her Prices.

The Lady of Launay.

Christmas at Thompson Hall.

The Telegraph Girl.

Alice Dugdale.

This was also issued in two volume form, with the same pagination, Vol.

I. containing pp. vi, 1-197; Vol. II. pp. 201-416.

1882

English Political Leaders | LORD PALMERSTON | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE

| London, | Wm. Isbister, Limited, | 56, Ludgate Hill | 1882. |

Small 8vo. In One Volume; pp. 220 (index, pp. 215-220).

1882

THE FIXED PERIOD | _A NOVEL_ | By ANTHONY TROLLOPE | In Two Volumes

| William Blackwood and Sons | Edinburgh and London | MDCCCLXXXII |

[_All Rights reserved._] |

Small 8vo. Vol. I., pp. 200; Vol. II., pp. 203.

Originally published in _Blackwood’s Magazine_.

1882

KEPT IN THE DARK | A Novel | By ANTHONY TROLLOPE | (device) | In

Two Volumes | _with a Frontispiece by J. E. Millais, R.A._ | London

| Chatto & Windus, Piccadilly | 1882 | [_All rights reserved_]

Small 8vo. Vol. I., pp. 253; Vol. II., pp. 239.

1882

MARION FAY. | A Novel. | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE, | Author of |

“Framley Parsonage,” “Orley Farm,” “The Way We | Live Now,” etc.,

etc. | In Three Volumes. | London: | Chapman & Hall, Limited, 11,

Henrietta St. | 1882 | [_All Rights reserved._]

Small 8vo. Vol. I., pp. viii, 303; Vol. II., pp. viii, 282; Vol.

III., pp. viii, 271.

1883

MR. SCARBOROUGH’S | FAMILY | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE | (device) | In

Three Volumes | London | Chatto & Windus, Piccadilly | 1883 | [_All

rights reserved_]

Small 8vo. Vol. I., pp. vii, 308; Vol. II., pp. vii, 326; Vol.

III., pp. vii, 325.

First appeared in _All the Year Round_.

1883

AN AUTOBIOGRAPHY | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE | In Two Volumes | William

Blackwood and Sons | Edinburgh and London | MDCCCLXXXIII | _All

Rights reserved_

Small 8vo. Vol. I., pp. xiv, 259; with a portrait frontispiece and

Preface, pp. v-xi, by Henry Merivale Trollope, dated September 1883.

Vol. II., pp. 227.

Trollope died on December 6, 1882. His _Autobiography_, which had been

written about 1876, was published by his son in 1883. It is on this

authoritative work that most of the notes in this Bibliography are

based.

1883

THE | LANDLEAGUERS | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE | (device) | In Three

Volumes | London | Chatto & Windus, Piccadilly | 1883 | [_All

rights reserved_]

Small 8vo. Vol. I., pp. vii, 280; Vol. II., pp. vii, 296; Vol.

III., pp. vii, 291.

The following note by Henry M. Trollope appears in the first volume:

“This novel was to have contained sixty chapters. My father had written

as much as is now published before his last illness. It will be seen

that he had not finished the forty-ninth chapter; and the fragmentary

portion of that chapter stands now just as he left it. He left no

materials from which the tale could be completed, and no attempt at

completion will be made. At the end of the third volume I have stated

what were his intentions with regard to certain people in the story; but

beyond what is there said I know nothing.”

In the preface to the _Autobiography_ Mr. Trollope further states this

to have been the only book, beside _Framley Parsonage_, of which his

father published even the first number before completing the whole tale,

and its unfinished condition weighed heavily upon his mind. It appeared

in a weekly paper called _Life_, beginning in the autumn of 1882.

1884

AN OLD MAN’S LOVE | By | ANTHONY TROLLOPE | In Two Volumes |

William Blackwood and Sons | Edinburgh and London | MDCCCLXXXIV |

_All Rights Reserved_ |

Small 8vo. Vol. I., pp. 226; Vol. II., pp. 219.

Vol. I. contains the following note by Henry M. Trollope: “This story,

_An Old Man’s Love_, is the last of my father’s novels. As I have stated

in the preface to his _Autobiography, The Landleaguers_ was written

after this book, but was never fully completed.”

THE BARSETSHIRE NOVELS

The combined republication of the novels dealing with the fictitious

county of Barsetshire was undertaken by Chapman and Hall in 1879, under

the collective title of _The Chronicles of Barsetshire_. This includes--

The Warden.

Barchester Towers.

Doctor Thorne.

Framley Parsonage.

The Small House at Allington.

The Last Chronicles of Barsetshire.

They filled eight volumes, large crown 8vo.

There is a short introduction in the first volume, and an illustration

to each novel, but to _The Last Chronicles_ there are two. Most of these

are signed F. A. F(raser). Trollope told his son that he did not really

think _The Small House_ belonged to the series, but he was pressed by

Frederick Chapman to include the book and therefore he consented.

FUGITIVE ARTICLES

Although this is a Bibliography of First Editions only, some brief

indication of Trollope’s more fugitive work may be given.

In 1848-9 he wrote a series of letters to the _Examiner_, under the

editorship of John Forster, on the condition of Ireland and in defence

of the policy of the Government. No remuneration for these was ever

offered him.

In 1855-6, or thereabouts, he wrote several articles for the _Dublin

University Magazine_, one on Julius Cæsar, one on Augustus Cæsar, and

another, savage in its denunciation, on Competitive Examinations.

Shortly after Thackeray’s death, Trollope wrote an appreciative sketch

of his late edition for the _Cornhill_, and this was reprinted, together

with an “In Memoriam” article by Charles Dickens, in _Thackeray, the

Humourist, and the Man of Letters_, by Theodore Taylor, published by D.

Appleton, New York, 1864.

On the establishment of the _Fortnightly Review_ in 1865 he contributed

numerous articles, among them one advocating the signature of the

authors to periodical writing; another in defence of fox-hunting, in

answer to Freeman the historian; and two on Cicero. Many of the reviews

are also from his pen.

The _Pall Mall Gazette_ having been founded in the same year (1865),

Trollope was for some time a frequent contributor, his Hunting and

Clerical Sketches being afterwards reprinted in book form. He wrote on

the American War, and reviewed new publications, one of which involved

him in a quarrel with a friend. He was also requested to attend the May

Meetings at Exeter Hall and give a graphic description of the

proceedings. This resulted in only one article, _A Zulu in Search of a

Religion_, for Trollope flatly refused to go again.

From 1859 to 1871 he records that he “wrote political articles,

critical, social, and sporting articles, for periodicals, without

number,” and during the journey to Australia, in 1871-2, he supplied a

series of articles to the _Daily Telegraph_. These sundries, when he

wrote his _Autobiography_, had brought him a sum of £7800.

UNPUBLISHED AND PROJECTED WORKS

In 1850 Trollope wrote a comedy, partly in blank verse and partly in

prose, called _The Noble Jilt_, which was declined by George Bartley,

the actor-manager. He afterwards made use of the plot in _Can You

Forgive Her?_ Nor was this his only attempt at work for the stage, for

in 1869 he dramatised a scene from _The Last Chronicle of Barsetshire_

under the title of _Did He Steal It?_--a comedy in three acts. This,

too, was declined by the manager of the Gaiety Theatre, George

Hollingshead, who had asked for it. It was, however, printed but not

published.

He proposed a handbook on Ireland to John Murray, worked hard on it for

some weeks, and submitted nearly a quarter of the supposed length, which

was returned, nine months later, without a word. This was about 1850.

Trollope read widely with a view to writing a history of English prose

fiction, beginning with _Robinson Crusoe_, but when Dickens and Bulwer

Lytton died, his spirit flagged, and the project was abandoned. Early

English drama, too, interested him greatly, and he left very many

criticisms of plots and characterisation written at the end of each

play.

In the summer of 1878, at the invitation of John Burns, afterwards first

Lord Inverclyde, he joined a party of friends on board _The Mastiff_,

one of Burns’ steamships, for a sixteen days’ cruise to Iceland. He was

asked by his host to write an account of the trip, and did so, the book

being issued, for private circulation only, in quarto form, to admit of

the illustrations (the illustrator was also one of the party) and a map.

Its title-page reads as follows:

HOW THE “MASTIFFS” WENT | TO ICELAND | By ANTHONY TROLLOPE | With

Illustrations by Mrs Hugh Blackburn| London: Virtue & Co., Limited

| 1878 |

Trollope at different times gave a few lectures, which he had printed

but never published. The subjects of these included, among others:

The Civil Service as a Profession.

The War in America.

English Prose Fiction as a Rational Amusement.

The Higher Education of Women.

(With regard to the last it may be noted that he was always opposed to

female suffrage.)

AMERICAN ROYALTIES

As Trollope was commissioned by the Foreign Office when in America in

1861 to make an effort on behalf of international copyright, it is

worthy of note that he himself was pirated widely. One book (perhaps _Is

He Popenjoy?_), for which he received £1600 in England, was sold by his

publishers here to an American firm for £20, the highest price they

would give, considering the chance of piration by other houses. In the

American form it was published at 7½_d._ For a list of actual sums

received, see p. 272.

ARTICLES OF BIOGRAPHICAL INTEREST GIVEN IN POOLE’S INDEX

+-------------------------+----------------+-----------------------+----+----+

| Title | Author | Periodical |Date|Page|

+-------------------------+----------------+-----------------------+----+----+

|Anthony Trollope |W. T. Washburn |North American Review |1860| 292|

| “ “ |A. V. Dicey |Nation (New York) |1874| 174|

|Anthony Trollope (with | | | | |

| portrait) | ...... |Once a Week |1872| 498|

| “ “ “ | ...... |Appleton’s Journal |1871| 551|

|Anthony Trollope | ...... | “ “ |1879| 275|

|Anthony Trollope | | | | |

| (portrait of) | ...... |Galaxy |1871| 451|

|Anthony Trollope |T. H. S. Escott |Time |1879| 626|

|Death of Anthony Trollope| ...... |Spectator |1882|1573|

| “ “ “ |James Bryce |Nation (New York) |1883| 10|

|Obituary of Anthony | | | | |

| Trollope |R. F. Littledale|Academy |1882| 433|

|Anthony Trollope |M. Schuyler |American |1883| 152|

| “ “ | ...... |Saturday Review |1882| 755|

| “ “ | ...... |Month |1883| 484|

| “ “ |J. Hawthorne |Manhattan |1883| 573|

| “ “ |E. A. Freeman |Macmillan’s Magazine |1883| 236|

|Anthony Trollope | | | | |

| (same article) | “ |Eclectic Magazine |1883| 406|

| “ “ “ | “ |Littell’s Living Age |1883| 177|

|Anthony Trollope | ...... |Good Words |1883| 142|

|Anthony Trollope | | | | |

| (same article) | ...... |Littell’s Living Age |1883| 567|

| “ “ “ | ...... |Eclectic Magazine |1883| 531|

|Anthony Trollope | ...... |Blackwood’s Magazine |1883| 316|

| “ “ | ...... |Westminster Review |1884| 83|

|Anthony Trollope | | | | |

| (same article) | ...... |Littell’s Living Age |1884| 195|

|Anthony Trollope |B. Tuckermann |Princetown Review |1883| 17|

| “ “ |H. James |Century |1883| 385|

| “ “ | ...... |Knowledge |1882| 475|

| “ “ | ...... |Literary World (Boston)|1882| 456|

| “ “ |Donald Macleod |Good Words |1884| 248|

|Anthony Trollope | | | | |

| (with portrait) |W. H. Pollock |Harper’s Magazine |1883| 907|

|Anthony Trollope and | | | | |

| the _Times_ | ...... |Knowledge |1882| 462|

|Anthony Trollope as a | | | | |

| Critic | ...... |Spectator |1883|1373|

|Anthony Trollope compared| | | | |

| with Daudet | ...... |Atlantic Monthly |1884| 426|

|Autobiography of Anthony | | | | |

| Trollope | ...... |Spectator |1883|1377|

| “ “ “ | ...... |Literary World (Boston)|1883| 442|

| “ “ “ | ...... |Saturday Review |1883| 505|

| “ “ “ |R. F. Littledale|Academy |1883| 273|

| “ “ “ | ...... |Atlantic Monthly |1884| 267|

|Autobiography of Anthony | ...... |Littell’s Living Age |1883| 579|

| Trollope | | | | |

| “ “ “ | ...... |Blackwood’s Magazine |1884| 577|

| “ “ “ | ...... |Macmillan’s Magazine |1884| 47|

| “ “ “ |A. Tanzer |Nation (New York) |1883| 396|

| “ “ “ | ...... |Athenæum |1883|II.457|

|Boyhood of Anthony | ...... |Spectator |1883|1343|

| Trollope | | | | |

|Anthony Trollope’s Mode | ...... |London Society |1883| 347|

| of Work (with portrait)| | | | |

|Literary Life of Anthony | ...... |Edinburgh Review |1884| 186|

| Trollope | | | | |

|Literary Life of Anthony | ...... |Littell’s Living Age |1884| 451|

| Trollope (same article)| | | | |

|Last Reminiscences of | ...... |Temple Bar |1884| 129|

| Anthony Trollope | | | | |

|Last Reminiscences of | ...... |Critic |1884| 25|

| Anthony Trollope (same | | | | |

| article) | | | | |

|Anthony Trollope’s Place |F. Harrison |Forum |1895| 324|

| in Literature | | | | |

|Anthony Trollope |D. P. Trent |Citizen |1896| 297|

|Anthony Trollope (with |H. T. Peck |Bookman |1901| 114|

| portrait) | | | | |

|Anthony Trollope |G. S. Street |Cornhill |1901| 349|

|Anthony Trollope (same | “ |Littell’s Living Age |1901| 128|

| article) | | | | |

|Anthony Trollope |Leslie Stephen |National Review |1901| 68|

|Anthony Trollope (same | “ “ |Littell’s Living Age |1901| 366|

| article) | | | | |

|Anthony Trollope | “ “ |Eclectic Magazine |1902| 112|

| “ “ |G. Bradford, Jun.|Atlantic Monthly |1902| 426|

|Recoming of Anthony | “ “ |Dial |1903| 141|

| Trollope | | | | |

|An Appreciation and |T. H. S. Escott |Fortnightly |1906|1905|

| Reminiscence of Anthony| | | | |

| Trollope | | | | |

|The Trollopes: a famous |A. B. M‘Gill |Bookbuyer |1900| 195|

| literary clan | | | | |

+-------------------------+-----------------+----------------------+----+----+

INDEX

[_The names of characters in Trollope’s novels are distinguished by an

asterisk_]

_Academy, The_, on _South Africa_, 287

Addison, Joseph, 162

Ainsworth, Harrison, illustrated by Cruikshank, 138

Albany, literary associations of the, 174-6

Albert, Prince, influence of, 256, 260

Albuda, 288

Alexandria, 124

Alison’s _History of Europe_, account of French Revolution in, 87, 88, 98

_All the Year Round_, 139

---- _Mr. Scarborough’s Family_, 298

Alpine Society, the, 155

Althorp, Lord, in the Albany, 176

*Amedroz, Clara, 218

American Civil War, the, Trollope’s impressions of, 200-202

American receipts, Trollope’s, 272

_American Senator, The_, material for, 202, 270

Ancient Classics Series, _Cæsar_, 284, 290

Anderson, James, actor, 146

Anglo-Egyptian postal treaty, Trollope arranges, 122-4

Anne, Queen, 162

Antwerp, 13

*Arabin, Dean, and Mrs., 105, 205, 237-9

*Aram, Solomon, 195

Archdeckne, caricatured by Thackeray, 148

Arlington Club, the, 159

*Armstrong, George, 80

Arnold, Matthew, analytical psychology of, 306

---- at Highclere, 289

Artists’ Rifle Corps, the, 157, 158

Arts Club, the, foundation of, 157, 158

Arundel Club, the, 156

Ashley, Lord. _See_ Shaftesbury

Ashley’s Hotel, 156

Astley’s Circus, 125

_Athenæum, The_, on _Australia_, 275

---- on _Rachel Ray_, 243

---- on _South Africa_, 286

---- on _The Warden_, 111

Athenæum Club, Trollope as member of, 142, 143, 153, 159, 232, 287, 305

Austen, Jane, born at Steventon, 6

---- _Pride and Prejudice_, 25, 53

---- Trollope compared with, 112, 128, 137, 138, 186

Austin, Alfred, attends Trollope’s funeral, 308

---- his politics, 177

---- supports the _Fortnightly_, 174

---- _The Garden that I Love_, 301

_Australia and New Zealand_, estimates of, 275, 276

Australian mail-service, the, 288

Austro-Italian War, the, 256

_Autobiography_, Trollope’s, 4;

quoted, 60

*Aylmer, Captain, 218

Aytoun and Martin, quoted, 26

Bacon, Francis, 292

Baden-Baden, 216

*Baker, Miss, 234

*Balatka, Nina, 231

*Ball, John, 234

*Ballandine, Lord, 78, 79

Ballantine, advocate, 194

Barcelona, Hannay at, 163

Barchester novels, the, clerical portraiture in, 102

---- regarded collectively, 205, 220, 269, 292

_Barchester Towers_, clerical portraiture in, 103, 105, 225-8, 235

---- genesis of, 205

---- publication of, 114

Barclay, Captain, pedestrian, 125

Barère, Bertrand, Macaulay on, 95, 96

Barrington, Lord, 154

Barrington, Sir Jonah, _Memoirs_ of, 49

*Barton, Rev. Amos, 133

Bath, Trollope at, 229

Bathe, Sir Henry de, at the Garrick, 145

Bayes, Daniel, 249

Baylis, Judge, on Trollope at Harrow, 17

Beaconsfield, Lord. _See_ Disraeli

Bedford, Duke of, commissions Hayter, 9

Beesly, E. S., at George Eliot’s, 183

---- supports the _Fortnightly_, 174

*Beilby and Burton, 220

Bell, Jockey, 266

Bell, Robert, library of, 307

*Bellfield, Captain, 213

_Belton Estate, The_, publication of, 179, 217, 218, 279

*Belton, Will, 218

Bent, Miss Fanny, 294

Bentinck, Lord George, his revolt against Peel, 5

---- reputation of, 141

Bentley, Richard, loses Trollope as a client, 122

Berkeley, Sir Henry, Governor of Cape Town, 285

Berlin, Trollope in, 173

_Bertrams, The_, 234

---- written in Egypt, 124, 273

Berwick-on-Tweed, Earle, M.P. for, 175

Beverley, Trollope contests, 105, 213, 217, 245-254, 267, 269, 274

Bianconi, Charles, his Irish cars, 44, 45

Birmingham, King Edward’s School, 20, 291

Birmingham League, the, 178

Blackburn, Morley contests, 180

Blackie, Professor, Trollope visits, 126

_Blackwood’s Magazine_, _Scenes of Clerical Life_, 183

Blackwood, John, publishes Trollope’s anonymous work, 231-4

---- Trollope’s relations with, 132, 284, 285, 290

*Blake, Dot, 76-80

Blanc, Louis, death of, 308

Bland, Miss, amanuensis, 300, 306

Blankenberghe, 260

Blessington, Countess of, 127;

her retort to Napoleon III, 34

Bloomer, Amelia Jenks, 11

Boccaccio, 129

Bohemian societies in London, 156

*Bold, John, 107

*Bold, Mrs., 105, 230, 237

*Bolster, Bridget, 193, 198

*Bolton, Hester, 281-3

*Boncassen, Isabel, 268

_Bon Gaultier Ballads_, quoted, 26

*Bonner, Mary, 252-4

*Bonteen, Mr., 261, 280

*Boodle, Captain, 222

Borthwick, Algernon, in Florence, 121

Boulogne, duels at, 260

*Bourbotte, 97

Bowood, 143

Bowring, Lucy, original of Julia Brabazon, 294

Bowring, Sir John, 294

*Bozzle, 294

*Brabazon, Julia, 220, 294

Bradbury & Evans, Messrs., printers, 184

---- issue _Once a Week_, 239

Braddon, Amelia, influence of, 188, 241, 291

*Brady, Pat, 71-5

Brantingham Thorp, 249

*Brattle, Sam, 241, 242

*Brentford, Earl of, 258-263

Bridgwater, disfranchisement of, 251 _note_

Bright, John, in fiction, 265

Bristol, port of, 6

British Columbia, independence of, 288

British Guiana, Trollope in, 127

Broadhead, at Sheffield, 178

*Bromar, Marie, 218, 219

*Bromley, Rev. Mr., 283

Brontë, Charlotte, _Jane Eyre_, 132

Brontë, Emily, _Wuthering Heights_, 62

Brooks, Shirley, influence of, 291

Brougham, Lord, as member of the Athenæum, 143

Broughton, Rhoda, _Not Wisely, but Too Well_, 167

*Brown, Jonas, Fred and George, 76, 77

_Brown, Jones, and Robinson_, critical estimate of, 160, 161, 220

---- its reception in America, 270

Browne, Hablot K., illustrations by, 138, 139

Browning, Elizabeth Barrett, 119;

her preference for _The Three Clerks_, 185

Browning, Robert, at George Eliot’s, 183

---- attends Trollope’s funeral, 308

---- his home in Florence, 119

---- on _The Three Clerks_, 37

---- on Trollope, 290, 306

*Brownlow, Edith, 240

Bruges, Trollope family at, 14, 17, 20, 28

Brussels, 56

Bryce, James, at Washington, 163

Budleigh Salterton, Trollope at, 113

Bull Run, battle of, 201

Bulwer, Sir Henry, in Paris, 34, 255, 256

Bulwer-Lytton, Edward, contests St. Ives, 245

---- his opinion of women, 206

---- international sympathy of, 173

---- political element in novels of, 272

---- Thackeray on, 148

---- _The Caxtons_, 275

---- _The Last of the Barons_, 94

---- _What Will He do with It?_, 208

---- _Zanoni_, 88

*Bunce, 107

Burke, Edmund, 86

Burke, Sir John and Lady, 57

Burrell, Sir Charles, 5

Burton, Decimus, architect of the Athenæum, 143

*Burton, Florence, 221, 294

Burton, Sir R. F., as diplomatist, 163

---- supports the _Fortnightly_, 174

Butler, George, headmaster of Harrow, 15

Butt, Isaac, 57

---- cross-examines Trollope, 58-60

Buxton, Charles, as a hunting man, 168

Buxton, E. N., on Trollope in the hunting field, 169, 197

Byron, Lord, his influence, 206

---- his rebellion against Dr. Butler, 15

---- on _Don Juan_, 110

---- Trelawny’s _Reminiscences_ of, 119

Cadiz, 49

_Cæsar_, a gift to John Blackwood, 284, 290

Cæsar, Julius and Augustus, Trollope’s articles on, 165

Cahir, 45

Cairns, advocate, 194

Cairo, Trollope in, 123, 273

Calcraft, Granby, 57

*Caldigate, John, 280-283

Calne, Macaulay, M.P. for, 246

Cambridge, Trollope visits, 84

Cannes, 308

Canning, George, Bentinck secretary to, 141

Canterbury, election at, 260

_Can You Forgive Her?_ critical estimate of, 33,

176, 185, 197, 202, 204-220, 238, 240, 261, 292, 293, 296

---- founded on _The Noble Jilt_, 157, 208

---- illustrations of, 204

---- political element of, 247, 256, 265

Cape Town, Trollope at, 282-7, 289

Cardwell, at Winchester, 17

---- M.P. for Oxford, 164, 246

Carleton, William, his Irish novels, 53, 54

Carlton House, site of, 143

Carlyle, Thomas, 306

---- as a conversationalist, 142

---- his _French Revolution_, 88, 97-100

---- Macaulay on, 121

---- on Trollope, 115, 127

---- Trollope on, 127

Carnarvon, Lord, his South African policy, 285, 287-9

---- Trollope’s friendship with, 288

*Carruthers, Lord George de Bruce, 280

Casewick, Lincolnshire, 28

*Cashel, Earl of, 78-80

_Castle Richmond_, plot of, discussed, 83, 128-131, 206

*Cathelineau, 97

Catherine II of Russia, 207

Cattermole, George, illustrates _The Old Curiosity Shop_, 138

Central America, Trollope in, 127

Cetewayo, war with, 285

*Chadwick, Mr., 107

*Chaffanbrass, 194

Chamberlain, Joseph, secular educationalist, 178

Chapman, Edward, accepts _Doctor Thorne_, 122

Chapman, Frederick, attends Trollope’s funeral, 308

---- supports the _Fortnightly_, 177, 179

Chapman & Hall, Messrs., Trollope’s connection with,

122, 173, 179, 199, 228, 239, 257, 275, 285, 286, 308

Charles II, King, 262

Charles X, exile of, 86

Charlotte, Princess, 224

Chartists, the, 38

*Cheesacre, farmer, 213

Cheltenham, Trollope at, 211, 229

Chichester, 299

*Chilton, Lord, 170, 197, 198, 259, 260

Chouans, rising of the, 94

*Chouardin, 97

_Christian Examiner, The_, 53

Christie, James, at the Garrick, 146

Christina of Spain, Queen, 207

Churchill, Lord Randolph, 270 _note_

_Cicero_, analysis of, 290, 291

Cider Cellars, the, 156

Cincinnati, 13

Civil Service, Trollope on the, 166

Civil Service Club, the, 158

Clancarty, Lord, of Garbally, 56

Clanricarde, Lord, his relations with Thackeray, 161

---- his relations with Trollope, 131, 139

Clarendon, Lord, 163

Clarke, Miss, salon of, 34

*Clavering, Captain Archibald, 221, 222

*Clavering, Rev. Henry, 220

_Claverings, The_, critical estimate of, 220-222

---- Julia Brabazon, 294

---- publication of, 165, 220

Clerical portraiture, by Trollope, 101-116, 136, 205, 224-244

Clonmel, Trollope at, 45, 60

Cobden, Richard, in fiction, 265

Cockburn, Sir Alexander, assists Trollope in his

_Life of Palmerston_, 255, 256

Colchester, Lord, as Postmaster-General, 118, 222

Coleridge, Lord, 194

Coleridge, S. T., as a Tory, 86

---- as a conversationalist, 142

---- Thomas Anthony Trollope on, 8

_Colleen Bawn, The_, 54

*Colligan, Doctor, 80

Collins, Wilkie, popularity of, 188, 241, 291

---- Trollope compared with, 128, 129, 291

---- withdraws from the Garrick, 149

Cologne, 173

Columbia, Trollope in, 127

Competitive examinations, Trollope on, 166

Congreve, his clergymen, 104

Conington’s translation of Horace, 150, 171, 203, 214

Connemara, 82

Constantinople, British fleet at, 287

Cook, Douglas, 267 _note_

---- editor of the _Saturday_, 176, 243

Coole Park, Trollope at, 49, 54-7, 63

Cooper, Fenimore, influence of, 271

---- _The Last of the Mohicans_, 53

Cork, 48

_Cornhill Magazine, The_, Trollope’s connection with,

129, 131-4, 136, 160, 164, 186, 188, 204, 208, 220, 270

Cosmopolitan Club, the, membership of, 153-5, 172, 173

Cottereau, Jean, 94

Cottery St. Mary, Herts, 28

_Courtship of Susan Bell, The_, publication of, 271

*Cox & Cummins, 107

*Crawley, Grace, 105, 294

*Crawley, Rev. Josiah, 105, 236

*Crinkett, Tom, 281

Croker, John Wilson, as member of the Athenæum, 143

---- original of Rigby, 87

*Crook, 193

*Crosbie, Adolphus, 160, 208

Crosskill, Alfred, 249

Crowe, a Wykehamist poet, 8

Cruikshank, George, illustrates _Oliver Twist_, 138

Crystal Palace, the, 183

Cunningham, J. W., incumbent of Harrow, 30, 54, 83

_Daily News, The_, 307

*Dale, Lily, 137, 160, 187, 205, 294

Dale, R. W., educational policy of, 178

*Daubeny, Premier, 264, 265, 290

Davis, Jefferson, Gladstone on, 201

Davy, Sir Humphry, at the Athenæum, 143

Day, Thomas, educational system of, 6, 30

*De Courcy, Lady Rosina, 267

Defoe, Daniel, _Robinson Crusoe_, 129

---- _The Shortest Way with the Dissenters_, 242

Delane, J. T., on foreign adventurers, 296-8

---- Trollope’s intimacy with, 126, 296

*Denot, Adolphe, 92

Denys, Sir George, 174

Derby, Lord, his ministry, 118, 155, 250, 275

*Desmond, Lady Clara, 130, 131

Devonshire, eighth Duke of, 259

Dicey, Edward, reconciled to Pigott, 307

---- sub-edits the _St. Paul’s_, 257

Dickens, Charles, _All the Year Round_, 158, 298

---- _American Notes_, 202

---- as member of the Garrick, 145, 147-149

---- _Bleak House_, 119, 235, 294

---- character of, 171

---- _David Copperfield_, 8, 12, 20, 293, 295

---- _Dombey & Son_, 222, 295, 296, 304

---- _Edwin Drood_, 302

---- _Great Expectations_, 139, 296

---- _Household Words_, 149

---- _Little Dorrit_, 147, 298

---- _Martin Chuzzlewit_, 202

---- _Nicholas Nickleby_, 101

---- _Old Curiosity Shop_, 138, 236

---- _Oliver Twist_, 71, 76, 138

---- on Dissent, 112, 225, 235

---- on George Eliot, 183, 184

---- on Thackeray, 151 _note_

---- on Trollope, 76

---- _Our Mutual Friend_, 110

---- _Pickwick Papers_, 26, 137, 138, 235

---- refuses to contest Reading, 245

---- _Tale of Two Cities_, 88, 194

---- Thackeray invites to Oxford, 247

---- Thackeray on, 147, 150, 151

---- Trollope compared with, and influenced by,

32, 37, 110, 128, 220, 243, 251, 256, 257, 295

---- Trollope’s relations with, 182, 192

Disraeli, Benjamin, at Gore House, 128

---- _Coningsby_, 17, 87, 143, 172, 260

---- Earle, secretary to, 174

---- _Endymion_, 172, 265

---- _Henrietta Temple_, 252

---- his maiden speech, 61

---- _Lothair_, 259

---- ministry of, 250, 287

---- M.P. for Maidstone, 246

---- on a statesman’s wife, 262

---- on _The Eustace Diamonds_, 280

---- on the revolt against Peel, 5

---- policy of, 155

---- political novels of, 110, 271, 272

---- portrayed as Daubeny, 264, 265

---- reputation of, 141

---- _Vivian Grey_, 245

*Dockwrath, 190-199

_Doctor Thorne_, 105

---- composition of, 124

---- publication of, 122, 173, 241

_Domestic Manners of the Americans, The_, 102

---- Louis Philippe on, 34

D’Orsay, Count, 127

Draycote, Yorkshire, 174

Dresden, 263

Drummond, Thomas, his dictum on property, 43

Drummond-Wolff, Henry, 154

Drury family, the, 29

---- their school at Sunbury, 17

Drury, Joseph, headmaster of Harrow, 15

Drury, Mark, master at Harrow, 15

Drury Lane Theatre, 143

_Dr. Wortle’s School_, analysis of, 302-4

Dublin, Archbishop of. _See_ Trench

Dublin, decay of society in, 65, 67, 82

---- Trollope in, 40

_Dublin University Magazine_, 53

---- Trollope’s articles in, 165, 166

Ducrow, at Astley’s, 125

Duelling, decay of, 260

Duff, Grant, 154

Duffy, Gavan, influence of, 69

_Duke’s Children, The_, publication of, 216

---- Lady Mabel Grex, 295

---- political element of, 257, 268, 269, 271

*Dumouriez, General, 97

Dunkellin, Lord, 82

*Dunstable, Miss, 105

*Duplay, Eleanor, 99, 100

Dyne, headmaster of Highgate, 151

Eames, John, 160

Earle, Ralph, career of, 174, 175

Edgeworth, Maria, fiction of, 6, 53, 61-3, 138, 186

Edgeworth, Richard, his educational system, 30

Edinburgh, 285

---- Trollope in, 126

_Edinburgh Courant, The_, Hannay of, 126

_Edinburgh Review, The_, 95, 121

Edward IV, King, 94

Edward VII, King, 155

Edwards, H. S., on Paris, 89

Edwards, Sir Henry, M.P. for Beverley, 248, 250

*Effingham, Violet, 259-264

Egypt, Trollope in, 273

Eldon, Lord, 118

Elementary Schools Bill, the, 178

Eliot, George, 244

---- _Adam Bede_, 106, 136, 184, 254

---- her influence on Trollope, 183-5, 187, 305

---- _Middlemarch_, 110, 185

---- _Romola_, 183, 184

---- _Scenes of Clerical Life_, 183

Eliot, Lord, as Irish Secretary, 42, 57

Elizabeth, Queen, 207, 287

Elwell, Charles, 249

Ely, Archdeacon of. _See_ Charles Merivale

*Emilius, Rev. Joseph, 280

Encumbered Estates Act, the, 50, 51, 288

_English Churchman, The_, 242

English Men of Letters Series, _Thackeray_, 164

*Erle, Barrington, 261

Escott, T. H. S., acquaintance with Trollope, 113, 115

---- _Masters of English Journalism_, 168 _note_

Essex hunt, the, 168, 197, 278

Eton, 16

*Eustace, Lizzie, Lady, 279

_Eustace Diamonds, The_, analysis of, 279

---- publication of, 218

Evangelicalism, Mrs. Trollope’s attack on, 30, 31, 84, 101

---- Trollope’s dislike of, 101, 210, 223-244, 261, 283

Evans, Marian. _See_ George Eliot

Everard, Mr., at Highclere, 290

Everingham, 248

_Examiner, The_, Trollope’s letters in, 37, 81-3, 128, 182

Exeter, portrayed by Trollope, 229, 233, 294

_Eye for an Eye, An_, analysis of, 301

Faber, F. W., his influence on Trollope, 83-5, 283

Fane, Julian, 172

Faraday, Michael, at the Athenæum, 143

Farmer, George, 147

Farmer, Nurse, 224

*Father John, 75, 76

*Fawn, Lord, 280

Feminist views, Trollope’s, 206-210

*Fenwick, Frank, 240

Fielding, Henry, novels of, 104, 137, 293

---- _Tom Jones_, 25

Fielding Club, the, 156

Fiesole, Landor at, 119

*Finn, Malachi and Phineas, 257

*Fitzgerald, Burgo, 214-17

*Fitzgerald, Owen, 130

*Fitzgerald, Misses, 131

*Fitzgibbon, Laurence, 258

Fladgate, Counsel for Harrow, 15

Fladgate, Mr., at the Garrick, 146

*Flannelly, for, 68, 73

*Fletcher, Arthur, 266

Florence, George Eliot in, 184

---- Mrs. Trollope in, 55, 83

---- Santa Croce, 83

---- T. A. Trollope in, 184

---- Trollope in, 83, 118-122, 140, 184

*Folking, 281

Forman, Buxton, 152

Forster, John, editor of the _Examiner_, 37, 81, 128, 182

---- his friendship with the Trollopes, 27, 37

---- introduces Trollope to Blackwood, 231

---- on Trollope and Thackeray, 164

Forster, W. E., as educationalist, 178

---- his friendship with Trollope, 302

_Fortnightly Review, The_, foundation and policy of, 174-181, 204

---- Trollope’s novels appear in, 217, 218, 279

Fox, Charles James, 86

_Framley Parsonage_, 302

---- clerical element of, 136

---- Lucy Robarts, 131, 138

---- publication of, 135, 137, 186

Frankfort, 173

Fraser, Sir W. A., on Trollope and Thackeray, 165

_Fraser’s Magazine_, 161

Freeling, Mrs. Clayton, her influence on behalf of Trollope, 18, 19, 27

Freeling, Sir Francis, as Secretary to the Post Office, 18, 21, 23, 39

Freeman, E. A., on hunting, 179

---- supports the _Fortnightly_, 174

Freiburg, 173

French Revolution, the, Trollope’s knowledge of, 85-100

Frere, Sir Bartle, 285

Froude, James Anthony, in South Africa, 284-7

---- on Trollope, 48, 49, 133

---- _The Two Chiefs of Dunboy_, 48, 49

*Furnival, Mr., 191, 290

Garbally, 56

Garland’s Hotel, Trollope at, 307

Garrick Club, the, 15, 116, 233

Garrick Club, history of, 143

---- Thackeray as member of, 142, 144, 147-9, 156

---- Trollope as member of, 142-153, 156, 170, 172

Gasquet, Father Thomas, his _Black Deaths_, 129

*Gayner, Bob, 75, 76

_Gentleman’s Magazine, The_, 239

George I, King, 163

George III, King, 143

George V, King, 146

Gibbon’s _History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire_, 228

Gibraltar, siege of, 18

---- Trollope at, 124

*Gilfil, Mr., 133

*Gilmore, Harry, 240

Gladstone, W. E., as a novel-reader, 280

---- if portrayed by Trollope, 256, 258, 264

---- ministry of, 177, 180, 247

---- on Jefferson Davis, 201

---- Trollope separates from his Liberalism, 302

---- Trollope’s energy compared with, 125

Glasgow, Trollope in, 125

*Glencora, Lady, 214-216, 259, 264

Glenesk, Lord, at the Garrick, 146

---- in Florence, 121

*Goesler, Madame Max, 259-266

_Golden Lion of Granpère, The_, analysis of, 218, 219

Goodwood hunt, the, 301

_Good Words_, returns _Rachel Ray_, 227, 228, 235

*Gordeloup, Madame, 221, 222

Gort, 49

Graham, supports Lord de Grey, 42

*Graham, Felix, 196

Granby, Lord, 141

Grange, the, Harting, 299

Grant, Baron Albert, 297

Grant family, the, 29

Grant, Sir William, Master of the Rolls, 16

Grantham, 115

*Grantly, Archdeacon, 104-9, 205

*Grantly, Griselda, 220

Granville, Lord, 120, 154

---- induced to serve under Derby, 155