A
Aed Bennán (Aoḋ Beannán), power of, 237
Agricola conquers the Britons, 36;
intends the conquest of Ireland, 136
Ailbhe, Saint, date of, 161
Ailech (Oileaċ), kingdom of, 184;
growth in power, 277
airchinnech (oirċinneaċ, "erenagh," "herenagh"), office
of, 351
airecht (oireaċt), court of assembly, 320
Airgialla (Oirġialla, "Oriel"), 126;
varying extent of, 185, 278
Aithech-thuatha, 148
Amorgen (Aṁairġean, Aiṁirgean), legend of, 97
Anglo-Norman aggression, false pretext of, 286
Anglo-Norman conquest, failure of, 323;
supposed causes of failure, 324;
extent of, 327;
rally begins against, 328;
details of rally, 335
Anglo-Norman invasion, destructive effects of, 308-311
Anglo-Normans, Irish assimilation of, 341
Annals, restricted scope of the, 178
Aristocracy, intense pride of, 354
Armagh founded, 160;
school of, a national university, 284
Assemblies, 138, 320;
of the learned, 344
Atecotti, 144, 146, 147-149
B
Bede describes Ireland, 195;
relates Irish migration to Scotland, 195, 196
Belach Mugna (Bealaċ Muġna "Ballaghmoon"), battle of, 260
Belgae, origin of, 18;
"Brythons," a supposed branch of, 42
Belgic migrations, 52;
extended to Ireland, 57
Bernard, Saint, of Clairvaux, his interest in Ireland, 281
Black Pig's Dyke, 131
"Book of Invasions," a national epic, 96
"Book of Rights," contents of, 274
Bóramha tribute, 238
Brega (Breaġa, "Bregia"), kingdom of, 235
Bregon (Breoġan), legend of, 93
Brian Bóramha, birth of, 266;
his allies, 268;
his policy, 269-272
Britain, Irish invasion of, 141;
Irish settlements in, 155
British ethnography exemplified, 32
Britons, effect of Roman conquest on, 34-37;
displaced from Scotland, 202;
in Irish wars, 203
Brittani, Brittania, origin of the names, 58
Bronze Age in Ireland, date of, 43;
not Celtic, 44-46, 70;
tillage in Ireland during, 72
Brown Earl of Ulster, 339
Bruce, Edward, chosen king of Ireland, 334;
comes to Ireland, 337
Bruce, Robert, sovereignty of Ireland offered to, 333, 337
"Brythons," 34, 43, 45
C
Cæsar, Julius on Ireland, 134
Caledones, 143
Cathal, king of Munster, 237
Cashel (Caiseal Muṁan) "discovered," 127;
synod of, 286
Cellachán (Ceallaċán), king of Munster, 266
Celtae of Gallia Celtica, supposed identity of Gaels with, 42
Celtic antiquity, growth of learned and popular interest in, 6-9
Celtic migrations to Britain and Ireland, current British theory
of, 32;
approximate earliest date of, 48;
traditions concerning, 49, 50;
archaeological evidence of, 51, 52
Celtic origin of Gaels and Britons forgotten by themselves, brought
to light by Buchanan, 4-5
Celtic religion, 30
Celtic resistance to Norsemen, 254
Celtic studies:
initiated by Buchanan, 5;
developed by Llwyd, 6;
stimulated by Gray, 7;
and still more by Macpherson, 8
Celtic words in the Germanic languages, 17, 18
Celto-Germanic population, 18-25
Celts:
the name indicative of linguistic not racial descent, 1-3;
earliest accounts of, early relations with Germans, 15-25;
ancient civilisation of, 25
Cerdraige (Ceardraiġe), 76
Christian era in Irish chronology, 223
Christians in Ireland before St. Patrick, 161-167
Chronology of pre-Christian Ireland, 49
Church, effect of the Anglo-Norman invasion on the, 288, 308
Church lands, 351
Ciarán of Saighir, Saint, 161
"Cities" in Ireland, mentioned by Ptolemy, 137, 138
"Clan system," notions of, 289, 349, 353
Clann Cholmáin dynasty, 236
Clontarf, character of the battle of, 272;
effect on Norsemen, 273
Cóiced (cúigeaḋ), significance of, 101
Coirpre Nia Fer (Cairbre Nia Fear), king of North Leinster,
104, 106
Collas, the Three, 124
Columban monasteries, reorganisation of, 284
Commios and his sons, 167-170
Communal land tenure, true and false notions of, 295, 351
Connacht (Connaċta), ancient extent of, 112, 186
Constantine, Donation of, 17
Copper mines in Ireland, their remote antiquity, 71
Copper Period in Ireland, 43, 70
Copper rivets, ancient industry in, 75
Corcu Loegdae (Corca Laoiġḋe), 162
Cormac, king of Munster, 260
Cormac, king of Tara, 120;
his reign an epoch, 124
Craftsmen enfranchised, 229
Crinna, battle of, 120
Cruithin, the Irish name of the Picts, 59, 63
Cu Chulainn, 79
Cu Rói (Cú Raoi), 102
D
Dáirine, 162
Dál Araidhe, 185
Dál gCais, "Dalcassians," rising power of, 266, 268
Dál Riada, 185, 194-200, 203
Danes arrive in Ireland, 253
Danish kings of the Hebrides, 212
Dathi=Nath-Í, 157
De Burgh family, their alleged change in policy, 340
Déclán (Diaglán), Saint, 161
Derbfine (Deirḃḟine), significance of, 230, 290
Dési, Déisi, migration of, 109, 128
Druim Ceata, assembly of, 197
Dublin first fortified, 251;
becomes seat of Norse kingdom, 252;
battle of, 264
Dumbarton, "stronghold of the Britons," 198, 204;
captured by Dublin Norsemen, 255
Dynastic polity, 177
E
Eblana, Eblani, 137
Ecclesiastical reform, 281-288
Éire, Ériu, origin of the name, 67
Emain (an Eaṁain, "the Navan"), 115
England before the Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland, 305;
racial type now prevalent in, 39
English invade Ireland, A.D. 684, 201
English power recovered through firearms and artillery, 347
Eochu Feidlech (Eoċaiḋ Feiḋleac), 118
Eochu MacLuchtai (Eoċaiḋ mac Luċta), king of
Munster, 103, 104
Eterscél (Eidirsgéal), king of Ireland, 109
Eoghanachta, origin of, 127;
states of, 186;
maximum power and decline of, 260-262
Érainn, Érna, "Erneans," 65-68, 104 (--Iverni)
"erenagh"=airchinnech
Etruscan alphabet in Cisalpine Gaul, 167
Eusebius, Irish writers influenced by, 89
F
Feidhlimidh, king of Munster, 259
Feidhlimidh, king of Connacht, career of, 328
Fer Diad (Fear Diaḋ), 79
Fergus (Fearġus) defends the Galians, 81
Fergus mac Eire, 116, 194
Fiachu Sroibtine (Fiaċa Sraiftine), 124
Fiana, 150
Find Fili (Fionn File), king of South Leinster, 104, 106, 110
Fionn Bheara a Celtic god, 87
Fir Bolg, 77, 79
Fir Domhnann, 79
Fir Iboth (iḃoṫ), 74 (=Ebudeans)
FitzGerald, Maurice, career of, 328
Five-fold division of Ireland in ancient tradition, 102
Flemish settlers in Ireland, 303
Fochairt, battle of, 338
Fochla, kingdom of the, 185
Fomori (Foṁoraiġ), 85, 87
G
Gabhair in Leinster between the two ancient provinces, 107
Gaelic settlements in Britain, origin of, 46
Gaels, legendary origin of, 90
Galians (Gaileoin), 80, 104
Gall-Ghaedhil or Norse-Irish, 211, 252
Gallógláich, "galloglasses," 326;
commanders of, 334;
first record of, 336;
spread of, 341
Gaulish settlers in Ireland, 128
Genealogies help to explain the annals, 179, 183, 194
Geography in ancient Irish schools, 92
Germans and Celts, early relations between, 15-25
Glacial period in Ireland, 69
Gold in ancient Ireland, 71
Gormlaith, career of, 262
Government of an Irish state, character of, 352
Grants of land, 297; to Gallóglach commanders, 335
Grants of lordship, 177
Greek alphabet used in Gaul, 167
Greek in ancient Irish schools, 243
H
Hakon, king of Norway, loses control of Hebrides, 216;
Irish sovereignty offered to, 332
Heathen lore, ancient Irish, 176
Hebrides, 74
Hebridean forces, 325;
first appearance in Ireland, 329
Heptarchy in Ireland, 113
"herenagh"--airchinnech
Hiberni, Hibernia, origin of the names, 67
History of Ireland, how constructed by ancient writers, 89, 98;
earliest documents of, 114, 175;
distorted views of, 347
I
Ibar (Iuḃar), Saint, date of, 161
Ibdaig (Iḃḋaiġ), Ebudeans, 74
Iberi in Irish legend, 91
Iberians, supposed early inhabitants of Britain, 40-42;
supposed traces of, 62
Inber Scéne (Inḃear Sgéine), legend of, 93-95
Incastellation policy of Anglo-Normans adopted by Irish, 343
Industrial tribes of pre-Celtic origin, 75-79, 82
Intercourse with the Continent, 242
Iona granted to St. Columba, 197
Irish civilisation, chief defect of, 354
Irish forces under Roman command, 151
Irish language, ancient learned jargon of, 165
Irish law, features of, 312
Irish learning, characteristics of, 240-244
Irish manuscript orthography, origin of, 174
Iron Age in Britain, supposed to have been introduced by Belgae, 42
Iron, Celtic expansion facilitated by possession of, 153
Iverni, 65-68, 104
K
Kenneth MacAlpin (Cionaoḋ mac Ailpín), 204
Kingship, law of succession to, 230
Kings, functions of, 352
L
Lagin Tuad-Gabair (Laiġin Tuadḋ-Gaḃair), L. Des-Gabair
(Deas-Gaḃair), 107
Latin in ancient Irish schools, 241
"Laudabiliter," 286
Law, courts of, 318
Law of succession, evil consequences of, 294, 300
Learning in Ireland, Zimmer's account, 164;
testimony of Saint Columbanus, 166
Leinster, ancient extent of, 108, 122, 129, 186;
struggle for lost territory of, 188;
tribute, 238
Letters in Britain, introduction of, 167-170
Limerick, Norse settlement at, 262
Lincolnshire, pseudo-scientific ethnography exemplified in the case
of, 32
Literature in Ireland, beginnings of, 167
Loeguire (Laoġaire), king of Ireland, 182, 188
Luaighni, 80, 104
Luguid (Luġaiḋ), king of Ireland, 190-193
M
MacCába ("MacCabe") family, 334
MacDomhnaill ("MacDonnell, MacConnell." etc.) family, 334;
obtains Irish territory, 219, 342
MacDubhghaill ("MacDugall, MacDowell, Doyle, Coyle") family, 334
MacRuaidhri ("MacRory, Rogers") family, 334
MacSíthigh ("MacSheehy, Sheehy, Shee") family, 334
MacSuibhne ("MacSweeney, Sweeny") family, 334;
first record of, 335
MagRoth, MaġRaṫ=Moira
Magnus, king of Norway, fails to restore Norse power, 280
Malachy (Maol m'Aoḋóg), Saint, 281
Mathgamain (Maṫġaṁain) overthrows Eoghanacht dynasty, 268
Matriarchy, a Pictish custom, 59
Medb (Meaḋḃ), 80, 118
Medraige (Meaḋraiġe), 82
Midhe, early extent of, 113;
partition of, 235
Míl, legend of, 91-95
Military organisation disappears, 229, 235, 251, 267;
reintroduced, 325
Military tribes of pre-Celtic origin, 79-82
Moira, battle of, 199
Monarchy, Irish, fictitious accounts of, 115, 239;
origin of, 118;
held by Connacht dynasty, 130;
detached from Connacht dynasty, 192;
succession to, 231, 238;
in abeyance, 272;
restored in depraved form, 273
Muirchertach MacErca, king of Ireland, 190-193
Muirchertach, king of Ailech, career of, 266
Muiredach Tírech (Muireaḋaċ Tíreaċ), 124
Munster, ancient extent of, 108, 126, 186;
increasing power of, 236;
ecclesiastical kings of, 258
Mythological inhabitants of Ireland, 85
Mythology of Irish Celts shows traces of continental origin, 87;
transformed by Christian writers, 88
N
Nationality, ancient Irish conception of, 96;
characteristic development of, 224-229;
conscious sense of, 244-248
Nath-Í, 157
Nemed (Neiṁeaḋ), 88
Neolithic Age in Ireland, 69
Nia Segomon (Nia Seaġaṁan), 127
Niall Glundubh, king of Ireland, 263
Niall of the Nine Hostages, 129, 130, 157;
settlements of his kindred, 180-185
Norman statecraft, 301
Normans, so called, in Ireland, their racial, linguistic, and
political affinities, 302
Norman plan of conquest, 304
North Leinster kingdom, fall of, 122
Nuadu (Nuaḋa. Nodons), a Celtic god, 95
Norse invasions begin, 203, 249;
Celtic resistance to, 205;
conquests in Scotland, 205;
kingdom of Hebrides and Argyle, 211-220;
earliest settlements in Ireland, 251;
power in England and France, 254;
expelled from northern Ireland, 255;
adopt a settled life, 265, 273;
demoralisation caused by, 281
O
Ocha, importance of the battle of, 190, 231
Oengus (Aonġus), a Celtic god, 86
Oengus (Aonġus), king of Munster, 128
O'Farrell (Ua Fearġail) territory extended, 336
Ogham alphabet, origin of, 170;
inscriptions, range and time of, 173
Ogmios, Ogme (Oġma), a Celtic god, 171
Oileach=Ailech
oirchinnea=chairchinnech
oireacht=airecht
Oirghialla=Airgialla
O'Neill, Brian, career of, 328;
chosen chief king, 331
O'Neill dynasty, increased power of, 343
Oriel=Airgialla
Orosius, Irish writers influenced by, 90, 92-95
Ovoca, curious origin of the name, 139
P
"P-Celts" and "Q-Celts," 43, 46
Paganism, survival of, 224
Palæolithic Age not represented in Ireland, 68
Palladius, Saint, mission of, 163
Parthalón, 39, 88
Patrick, Saint, 159;
date of his death, 222;
Bury's account of, 225
Pelagius, 164
Pentarchy in Irish tradition, 100
Picts, supposed to be Iberians, 41;
Ireland and Britain named from, 59;
in Ireland and Scotland, 62-65;
legendary origin of, 64;
in Ireland, 74;
in Ulster, 120, 185;
earliest mention of, 141;
in Connacht, 180;
their kingdom in Scotland overthrown, 204;
they lose territory in Ulster, 233
Pliny on Ireland, 135
Political system in ancient Ireland, 274-278
Pomponius Mela on Ireland, 134
Poseidonios on Ireland, 133
Pre-Celtic population of Ireland, 73
Pre-Celtic metal workers, 75, 76
Pretani, significance of the name, 59, 62
Primitive races, assumptions regarding, 83
Property in land, 295-299
Ptolemy on Ireland, 136
Q