Theory was new to Physiology, or Dalton's Atomic Theory to Chemistry. The
author has faced the problem in its widest extension: Can the entire realm
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EIGHT CENTURIES OF PORTUGUESE MONARCHY
BY V. de BRAGANCA CUNHA
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_THE TRUTH ABOUT PORTUGAL_
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SIR EDWARD
A BRIEF MEMORIAL OF A NOBLE LIFE
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_AN IRRESISTIBLE SATIRE_
The humour of this remarkable satire is irresistible. The truth concerning
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and with a manner so correct as almost to put the reader off his guard.
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these fleeting and shadowy resemblances are in reality an indication of
the archetypal nature of Sir Edward; he is not a caricature but a symbol;
not any particular individual but a composite type--a materialisation into
one grotesque shape of the drifting ideas and false ideals of a muddled
civilisation.
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everyone else should.
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PARISIAN PORTRAITS
BY FRANCIS GRIERSON
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_AN APPRECIATION OF FRENCH GENIUS_
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lovers of fine literature.
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THE VALLEY OF SHADOWS
BY FRANCIS GRIERSON
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_MEMORIES OF LINCOLN'S COUNTRY_
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MODERN MYSTICISM
And Other Essays
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_ORIGINAL, INCISIVE, SUBTLE, ACUTE_
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THE CELTIC TEMPERAMENT
BY FRANCIS GRIERSON
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_CHARMING AND FULL OF WISDOM_
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substantial that I know."
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SOME NEIGHBOURS
STORIES, SKETCHES, AND STUDIES
BY CHARLES GRANVILLE
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_FULL OF CLEVER CHARACTERISATION_
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CIVIL WAR
A Play in Four Acts
BY ASHLEY DUKES
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_A DRAMA WITHOUT ARTIFICIALITY_
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without affectation.
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_Pall Mall Gazette_:--"A very interesting, sincere, and artistic piece of
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_Westminster Gazette_:--"In producing 'Civil War,' by Mr Ashley Dukes, the
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indefinable. There were scenes, notably one of great beauty between the
old Socialist and his daughter, where, apart from the dramatic effect, one
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_Times_:--"A piece of sound and promising work."
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THE MAID'S COMEDY
A Chivalric Romance in Thirteen Chapters
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_UNIQUE_
I. In which, by favour and fortune, three gentle persons may interest at
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II. Wherein is founded a new Order of Chivalry, and matters for simple and
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III. Exhibiting a partner in an old-established business pursuing her
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IV. Wherein one character is left in a delicate situation, another loses
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V. Containing the din of arms, thrust and parry and threat of slaughter,
but gently concluding with the first canon of feminine craft.
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VIII. Wherein an oft-defeated, yet indestructible, ideal is realised.
IX. Of matters for old and young, facts and fancies, aspirations and
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X. A magical chapter, of whose content those who doubt may likely believe
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XI. Confirming the adage that happy beginnings tend to happy endings, and
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XII. Which relates the Happy Ending.
XIII. Wherein the Romancer takes courteous leave of the Three Gentle
Readers.
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Footnotes:
[1] From which little place the lines as a whole take the name in history
of "Lines of La Bassee."
[2] As is common in the history of military affairs, the advocates of
either party present these confused movements before the lines of La
Bassee upon the eve of the siege of Tournai in very different and indeed
contradictory lights.
The classical work of Mr Fortescue, to which I must, here as elsewhere,
render homage, will have the whole movement, from its inception, to be
deliberately designed; no battle intended, the siege of Tournai to be the
only real object of the allies.
The French apologists talk of quarrels between Eugene and Marlborough,
take for granted a plan of assault against Villars, and represent the
turning off of the army to the siege of Tournai as an afterthought. The
truth, of course, is contained in both versions, and lies between the two.
Eugene and Marlborough did intend a destructive assault upon Villars and
his line, but they were early persuaded--especially by the reconnoitring
of Cadogan--that the defensive skill of the French commander had proved
formidable, and we may take it that the determination to besiege Tournai
and to abandon an assault upon the main of the French forces had been
reached at least as early as the 26th. There is no positive evidence,
however, one way or the other, to decide these questions of motive. I rely
upon no more than the probable intention of the men, to be deduced from
their actions, and I do not believe that the Dutch would have had orders
to move as early as they did unless Marlborough had decided--not later
than the moment I have mentioned--to make Tournai the first objective of
the campaign.
[3] Mr Fortescue in his work makes it the 23rd. I cannot conceive the
basis for such an error. The whole story of the 24th, 25th, 26th, 27th,
28th, and 29th is in the French archives, together with full details of
the capitulation on the 29th and 30th.
[4] As usual, there is a contradiction in the records. The French record
definitely ascribes the proposal to Marlborough. Marlborough, in a letter
to his wife of 5th August, as definitely ascribes it to Surville; and
there is no positive evidence one way or the other, though Louis'
rejection of the terms and the ability of calculation and the character of
the two men certainly make it more probable that Marlborough and not
Surville was the author of the proposition.
[5] The dispute as to who was the author of the suggestion for an
armistice is further illumined by this refusal on the part of the allies.
The proposal to contain Tournai and yet to have free their vast forces in
operation elsewhere, if a trifle crude, was certainly to their advantage,
and as certainly to the disadvantage of the French.
[6] This excellent phrase is Mr Fortescue's.
[7] Technically the line of defence was forced, for the line of Trouille
was but a continuation of the lines of La Bassee--Douai--Valenciennes. So
far as strategical results were concerned, the withdrawal of Villars
behind the forest barrier was equivalent to the reconstruction of new
lines, and in the event the action of Malplaquet proved that new defensive
position to be strong enough to prevent the invasion of France. On the
other hand, there is little doubt that if Villars had been in a little
more strength he would have elected to fight on the old lines and not
behind the woods.
It must further be remarked that if the operations had not been prolonged
as they were by the existence of the posts on the lines, notably at St
Ghislain, the defensive position of the French would probably have been
forced and their whole line broken as early as September 4th.
[8] It is remarkable that these two roads, which are the chief feature
both of the landscape and the local military topography, and which are of
course as straight as taut strings, are represented upon Mr Fortescue's
map (vol. i. p. 424) as winding lanes, or, to speak more accurately, are
not represented at all. In this perhaps the learned historian of the
British army was misled by Coxe's atlas to Marlborough's campaign, a
picturesque but grossly inaccurate compilation. The student who desires to
study this action in detail will do well to consult the Belgian Ordnance
Map on the scale of 1/40,000 contours at 5 metres, section Roisin, and the
French General Staff Map, 1/80,000, section Maubeuge, south-western
quarter; the action being fought exactly on the frontier between Belgium
and France, both maps are necessary. For the general strategic position
the French 1/200,000 in colours, sheet Maubeuge, and the adjoining sheet,
Lille, are sufficient.
[9] The reader who may compare this account of Malplaquet with others will
be the less confused if he remembers that the forest of Sars is called on
that extremity nearest to the gap the wood of Blaregnies, and that this
name is often extended, especially in English accounts, to the whole
forest.
[10] These 9000 found at St Ghislain a belated post of 200 French, who
surrendered. Someone had forgotten them.
[11] For the discussion of this see later on p. 75.
[12] They were commanded by Hamilton and Tullibardine. It is to be
remarked that the command of the whole of the left of the Prince of
Orange's force, though it was not half Scotch, was under the command of
Hamilton and Douglas. The two regiments of Tullibardine and Hepburn were
under the personal command of the Marquis of Tullibardine, the heir of
Atholl.
[13] Nominally under Tilly, but practically under the young Royal
commander.
[14] Villars, wounded and fainting with pain, had been taken from the
field an hour or two before, and the whole command was now in the hands of
Boufflers.
Transcriber's Notes:
Passages in italics are indicated by _underscore_.
The misprint "Schulenberg" has been corrected to "Schulemberg" (page 70).