- Russian successes against the Turks in Asia.
- Overthrow of Santa Ana, Dictator of Mexico.
- Opening of a railway across the Isthmus of Panama.
1856 - Tumult and bloodshed in Kansas.
- Walker, the filibuster, seizes temporary control of Nicaragua.
- End of the Crimean War; Russia withdraws from the Danubian
Provinces.
- Second war between England and China; Persians attack
Afghanistan.
1857 - James Buchanan inaugurated as President of the United States.
The decision in the Dred Scott case extends slavery into the
Territories.
- Mormon Revolt in Utah.
- "THE INDIAN MUTINY." Nana Sahib heads the insurgents; recapture
of Delhi and Cawnpore; relief of Lucknow.
- England ends the Persian War. France joins England against
China.
- The first Atlantic cable laid and broken.
1858 - Jews admitted to share in the government of England.
- End of the Indian Mutiny; the East Indian Company transfers its
authority to the Crown.
1859 - John Brown's Raid.
- Charles Darwin announces the doctrine of evolution. See "DARWIN
PUBLISHES His ORIGIN OF SPECIES."
- Russia captures Shamyl, and subdues the entire region of the
Caucasus.
- Cavour, the chief statesman of Sardinia, arranges an alliance
with France and begins a war with Austria to establish "United
Italy."
- "BATTLES OF MAGENTA AND SOLFERINO."
- Lombardy added to the Italian Kingdom; Venice remains Austrian.