BY MORRIS J. KARPAS, M. D.

Assistant Resident Alienist, Psychopathic Department of Bellevue Hospital of

New York

(Read before the Vidonian Club, New York, October 16, 1914.)

"CONSCIOUSNESS had reached this point in Greece, when in Athens, the great

forum of Socrates, in whom subjectivity of thought was brought to

consciousness in a more definite and more thorough manner, now appeared.

But Socrates did not grow like a mushroom out of the earth, for he extends

in continuity with his time, and this is not only a most important figure in

the history of philosophy--but perhaps also a world famed personage."

Hegel.

"When Columbus set sail across the untraversed western sea, his purpose was

to reach by a new path, a portion of the old, known world, and he lived and

died in the belief that he had done so. He never knew that he had

discovered a new world. So it was with Socrates. When he launched his

spiritual bark upon the pathless ocean of reflected thought, his object was

to discover a new way to the old world of little commonwealths and narrow

interests, and he probably died thinking he had succeeded. He did not dream

that he had discovered a new world--the world of humanity and universal

interests. But so it was; and tho mankind are still very far from having

made themselves at home in that world, and from having availed themselves of

its boundless spiritual treasures, it can never be withdrawn from their

sight, or, the conquest of it cease to be the object of their highest

aspirations." Thomas Davidson.

The Journal of Abnormal Psychology, Volume 10 · 第 44 / 162 题