Fredericton to St. John’s, New Brunswick. The depôt companies
continued at Clare Castle.
[Sidenote: 1842.]
On the 29th of April 1842, the service companies embarked at St.
John’s for Ireland, and arrived at Cork on the 28th of May, where
they were consolidated with the depôt companies.
In August the regiment proceeded from Cork to Limerick.
[Sidenote: 1843.]
The regiment was removed, in July 1843, from Limerick to Dublin.
[Sidenote: 1844.]
In July 1844, the regiment proceeded from Dublin to Newry.
[Sidenote: 1845.]
The regiment embarked at Newry for Great Britain on the 24th of
April 1845; arrived at Whitehaven on the 28th of that month; and
proceeded to Newcastle-on-Tyne.
Colonel Archibald Montgomery Maxwell, K.H., died at
Newcastle-on-Tyne on the 21st of May 1845, and Major Charles
Ashmore was promoted Lieut.-Colonel of the THIRTY-SIXTH regiment
from the 22d of May. Captain Edward R. King was promoted to the
vacant majority.
[Sidenote: 1846.]
In 1846 the THIRTY-SIXTH regiment was augmented to sixty-seven
serjeants, twenty-five drummers, and twelve hundred rank and
file. It was also ordered to be formed into two battalions
of six companies each. In May the regiment proceeded from
Newcastle-on-Tyne to Manchester, and in August it was removed to
Weedon, where on the 28th of November the regiment was divided
into two battalions. While quartered at Weedon the regiment
received new colours, which were presented by Lieut.-General Sir
Thomas Arbuthnot, K.C.B., commanding the northern and midland
districts of South Britain.
[Sidenote: 1847.]
The first battalion of the THIRTY-SIXTH regiment, under the command
of Lieut.-Colonel Charles Ashmore, embarked at Gosport in Her
Majesty’s troop ship “Resistance” for the Ionian Islands, on the
6th of January 1847; the reserve battalion, under the command of
Lieut.-Colonel Charles Trollope, who had been promoted to that rank
on the augmentation of the regiment, also embarked at Gosport for
the Mediterranean, on the 2d of that month, in the “Vengeance” ship
of war.
The head-quarters and three companies of the first battalion
disembarked at Argostoli, in the island of Cephalonia, on the 8th
of February. Two companies were detached to the island of Zante,
and one to Ithaca.
The reserve battalion disembarked at Corfu on the 31st of January.
The depôt of the THIRTY-SIXTH regiment formed part of the depôt
battalion at the Isle of Wight, on the embarkation of the two
battalions for foreign service.
[Sidenote: 1848.]
The detachment of the first battalion at Zante proceeded from
thence on the 6th of May 1848, leaving one field officer, one
captain, two subalterns, four serjeants, and ninety-six rank and
file with the head-quarters at Cephalonia, the remainder proceeding
to Corfu. The detachment at Cerigo was moved from thence to Corfu
on the 13th of May 1848. The head-quarters and five companies of
the first battalion proceeded from Cephalonia to Corfu on the 3d of
August.
One company of the reserve battalion was detached at Vido from the
24th of March to the 19th of July 1848, and one company at Ithaca
from the 15th of July to the 5th of October 1848. The reserve
battalion proceeded from Corfu to Cephalonia on the 2d of August
1848. On the 26th of September an attack was made on the town of
Argostoli by several hundred armed Villani, which was repelled by
Serjeant Luke Dunn and twelve men of the battalion, the resident’s
guard on that morning, with the loss of two killed and two wounded.
Privates Daniel McNamara and William Elsom killed; privates Thomas
Fox and James Lidwell wounded; several others received shots
through their caps, clothing, &c.
On the same day a detachment of fifty men, under Major Lorenzo
Rothe, Captain James Nugent, and Lieutenant Rickard Lloyd,
succeeded in saving the public records at Lixuri, as they were on
the point of being destroyed by a party of insurgents, who fired
on, and slightly wounded, two soldiers; the detachment returned the
fire, wounded some of the insurgents, and drove them from the town.
The reserve battalion was engaged for ten or twelve days and nights
in guarding the towns of Argostoli and Lixuri, during which period
the sentries and guards were repeatedly fired upon and otherwise
annoyed by the insurgents. A party under Ensign Bernard Robert Shaw
succeeded in capturing Cappoletto, one of the principal rebels, for
whose arrest a reward of fifteen hundred dollars had been offered.
Detachments of fifty men, each under Captain Alexander McGeachy
Alleyne and Ensign George Massy Robins, and Lieutenant Cecil Rivers
and Ensign John Edmund Harvey, were sent to the southern part of
the island to scour the district of Scala.
[Sidenote: 1849.]
Two companies of the first battalion, consisting of one captain,
four subalterns, six serjeants, two drummers, and one hundred and
fifty rank and file, under the command of Major Edward R. King,
proceeded to Cephalonia on the 30th of August 1849, for the purpose
of suppressing an insurrection in that island, and returned to
Corfu on the 17th of November following.
Two companies of the reserve battalion, under Captain Charles
Wilson Carden, were, in February, employed in aid of the civil
power at St. Gerasimo for the purpose of enforcing payment of the
fines inflicted on the villages concerned in the insurrection of
the 26th of September of the previous year; this party returned
to head-quarters on the 26th of February. A company under Captain
James Nugent likewise proceeded to St. Gerasimo in May 1849 in
aid of the civil power, and to assist in pursuit of banditti; it
rejoined the head-quarters in August. A company under Captain John
Pratt proceeded in May to Scala in aid of the civil power, and to
assist in enforcing the embargo, and rejoined the head-quarters on
the 22d of June.
A company of the reserve battalion under Captain Henry J. Coote
was detached to Sissi on the 29th of August in aid of the civil
power, and was subsequently employed in very arduous services
under the proclamation of martial law, which lasted from the
31st of August, to the 27th of October 1849, and in suppressing
the outbreak in Cephalonia. Privates Taylor and Green of this
company were wounded in a skirmish with the insurgents. A company
under Lieutenant Rickard Lloyd proceeded in September to Sissi to
reinforce the detachment under Captain Coote, and after serving in
conjunction therewith, returned to head-quarters with it on the
15th of October. One company under Captain Nugent proceeded to
Faraclata on the 16th of September, and assisted in the pursuit of
the outlawed rebels; a portion of this detachment, under Ensign
Alfred Macdonald, was employed as a flying column, and scoured
the country in chase of the three outlawed rebel chiefs for
twenty-three days, during the whole of which time it was subjected
to the most fatiguing marches and labour. The reserve battalion
during the period of martial law from the 31st of August to the
27th of October 1849, which was administered by Lieut.-Colonel
Trollope, was frequently employed in pursuit of rebels (parties,
varying from forty to a hundred, being despatched into the country
for this purpose) in disarming turbulent and refractory villages,
and in guarding the town of Argostoli, the men having very seldom
more than one night in bed.
[Sidenote: 1850.]
In April 1850 it was directed that the regiment should be reduced
to a thousand rank and file; the reserve battalion at Cephalonia
was in consequence broken up, and consolidated with the first
battalion at Corfu, where the regiment was stationed during this
year.
[Sidenote: 1851.]
In March 1851, four companies embarked at Cephalonia for England
for the purpose of forming the depôt, which was afterwards
stationed at the Isle of Wight, under the command of Lieut.-Colonel
Trollope.
The service companies, under the command of Lieut.-Colonel Ashmore,
embarked at Corfu for the West Indies on the 21st of March 1851 in
the freight ship “Java,” and arrived at Barbadoes on the 16th of
May following, where they were stationed during the remainder of
the year.
Major-General the Lord Frederick FitzClarence, G.C.H., was
appointed Colonel of the THIRTY-SIXTH regiment on the 23d of July
1851, in succession to General Sir Roger Hale Sheaffe, Bart.,
deceased.
[Sidenote: 1852.]
In May 1852 the service companies were removed from Barbadoes to
Trinidad.
The depôt companies proceeded in April 1852 from Parkhurst to Fort
Pembroke Dock.
On the 31st of December 1852, the date to which this record has
been brought, the service companies continued to be stationed at
Trinidad, and the depôt companies at Fort Pembroke Dock.
1852.
NOTE.--_The Compiler of the Regimental Records feels it his duty to
acknowledge the assistance which he has received in the completion
of the History of the_ THIRTY-SIXTH, _and certain other Regiments,
from Mr. Thomas Carter, of the Adjutant-General’s Office, who,
by much labour and research, has endeavoured to supply the
deficiencies in the manuscript narratives transmitted by Regiments,
particularly in the details of their earlier services_.
[Illustration: THIRTY SIXTH REGIMENT.
For Cannon’s Military Records.]
FOOTNOTES:
[6] This account is different from the version given by some
historians; but there can be no doubt as to its accuracy, for it
is founded on the Report of the Council of General Officers that
was subsequently assembled to investigate the complaint preferred
by Lord Charlemont, upon his being afterwards removed by the Earl
of Peterborough. This document is inserted in the memoir of Lord
Charlemont, at page 109.
[7] While the war was being carried on between Great Britain
and Spain, Charles VI., Emperor of Germany, died on the 20th of
October 1740, and a contest arose in consequence of the succession
of the Archduchess Maria Theresa to his hereditary dominions
being disputed by the Electors of Bavaria and Saxony, and also by
the Kings of Prussia and Spain. The King of France, Louis XV.,
supported the Elector of Bavaria, while King George II. supported
the claims of the Archduchess Maria Theresa. On the 27th of June
1743, King George II. gained a victory over the French army at
_Dettingen_, and in the following year, Great Britain and France,
no longer acting as auxiliaries, became principals in the contest,
which is designated the “_War of the Austrian Succession_.”
[8] The “_Pragmatic Sanction_” was published by the Emperor of
Germany, Charles VI., on the 17th of April 1713, whereby in case
of his having no male issue, his daughters were to succeed to
his hereditary dominions, in preference to the sons of his late
brother, Joseph I.
[9] List of regiments at the battle of
Falkirk:--_Dragoons_,--Tenth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth regiments.
_Infantry_,--First Royals (one battalion), Third, Fourth,
Eighth, Thirteenth, Fourteenth, Twenty-seventh, Thirty-fourth,
THIRTY-SIXTH, Thirty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and Battereau’s,
since disbanded. The Glasgow and Paisley Militia with the Argyle
Highlanders, were in reserve.
[10]
2nd Batt. Constituted.
3d Foot, the 61st regiment.
4th ” the 62d regiment.
8th ” the 63d regiment.
11th ” the 64th regiment.
12th ” the 65th regiment.
19th ” the 66th regiment.
20th ” the 67th regiment.
23d ” the 68th regiment.
24th ” the 69th regiment.
31st ” the 70th regiment.
32d ” the 71st regiment.
33d ” the 72d regiment.
34th ” the 73d regiment.
36th ” the 74th regiment.
37th ” the 75th regiment.
The 71st, 72d, 73d, 74th, and 75th regiments were disbanded after
the peace of Fontainebleau in 1763.
[11] In allusion to the above expression “_firmness_,” it has
been supposed that the word “FIRM” was adopted by the regiment;
this supposition, however, does not agree with the statement of
Lieut.-Colonel Burne (see pages 129, &c.), by which it would
appear, that the THIRTY-SIXTH had borne this distinction for many
years prior to the capture of Bangalore. In 1817, the regiment was
permitted to revive the word “FIRM,” under the authority contained
in the letter inserted at page 94, from Sir George Nayler, the
inspector of regimental colours.
[12] Narrative of the Campaign in India in 1792, by Major Dirom,
Deputy Adjutant-General of His Majesty’s forces in India.
[13] While the attack was being carried on in the redoubt on the
6th of February, one of the enemy’s corps advanced with drums
beating and colours flying, the commanding officer of which
supposed the British to be their own Europeans, whose uniform was
also red; upon discovering his mistake, he soon made off, and
Lieutenant John Campbell, of the THIRTY-SIXTH grenadiers, who had
come out of the redoubt wounded, on seeing the corps break, rushed
forward and seized the standards.--_Major Dirom’s Narrative of the
Campaign._
[14] In 1794, Tippoo received back his sons, and immediately
commenced secret negociations with the French, who were then at
war with Great Britain, in order to renew measures for “utterly
destroying the English in India.” This animosity ended only with
the death of the Sultan, which took place on the 4th of May 1799,
while defending Seringapatam against his former opponents. His body
was found amidst heaps of slain, and was interred in the mausoleum
which he had erected over the tomb of his father, Hyder Ali, a
portion of the victorious troops attending the ceremony.
[15] On the 16th of October 1835, His Majesty King William IV.
was graciously pleased to authorize the THIRTY-SIXTH to bear on
the regimental colour and appointments the word “HINDOOSTAN,” in
commemoration of its distinguished services in the several actions
in which it had been engaged in India from September 1790 to
September 1793.
[16] In June 1806, _Buenos Ayres_ had been captured by the British
under Brigadier-General William Carr Beresford, afterwards General
Viscount Beresford; the place was, however, recovered by the
Spaniards in August following, and the troops became prisoners; in
consequence of these events Lieut.-General Whitelocke proceeded in
command of an expedition for the purpose of re-capturing _Buenos
Ayres_, and the THIRTY-SIXTH became part of his force, as above
stated.
[17] Lieut.-General Sir Harry Burrard landed during the action, but
did not assume the command. Lieut-General Sir Hew Dalrymple landed
on the following day, and took command of the army. The force under
Lieut.-General Sir John Moore was also disembarked during the
negotiation which subsequently took place, making the British army
to amount to thirty-two thousand men.
[18] Vide General Orders of the 18th of January, and 1st
of February, 1809; also a list of regiments employed under
Lieut.-General Sir John Moore at Corunna, inserted in pages 124 &c.
of the _Appendix_.
[19] The origin of the word “FIRM” being borne by the THIRTY-SIXTH
has not been ascertained with certainty; but it has been supposed
that it was adopted in consequence of the expression _firmness_
used in the orders of General the Earl Cornwallis the day after
the capture of the important fortress of Bangalore, the details of
which are given at page 53; the documents alluded to by Sir George
Nayler in the above letter, and on which the regiment was permitted
to revive the word “FIRM,” are inserted in the Appendix, pages 129,
&c.; by these it will be perceived that the word “FIRM” must have
been adopted by the regiment several years before the capture of
_Bangalore_, which was effected in March 1791.
SUCCESSION OF COLONELS
OF
THE THIRTY-SIXTH,
OR THE
HEREFORDSHIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT.
WILLIAM VISCOUNT CHARLEMONT.
_Appointed 28th June 1701._
WILLIAM CAULFEILD, the second Viscount Charlemont, for his services
in the cause of King William III., was rewarded by a regiment of
infantry. His Majesty also made him Governor and Custos Rotulorum
of the counties of Tyrone and Armagh, and Governor of the fort
of Charlemont. Several regiments of infantry being ordered to be
disbanded in 1697, and his Lordship’s regiment being one of them,
His Majesty, in consideration of his faithful services, directed
the sum of eight shillings per day to be paid him as half-pay, and
on the 28th of June 1701, His Majesty again appointed him to the
command of a newly raised corps, which is now the THIRTY-SIXTH
regiment. On the 25th of August 1704, his Lordship was promoted to
the rank of Brigadier-General, and in the following year was called
upon to serve in Spain under Charles, Earl of Peterborough. Lord
Charlemont rendered important services at the siege of Barcelona;
and at the attack of Fort Montjuich on the 14th of September 1705,
his Lordship marched into the works, at the head of his men, and
was near the Prince of Hesse Darmstadt when he received the wound
which terminated mortally. After the action Lord Charlemont, and
Lieut.-Colonel Southwell of the Sixth foot, were presented to the
King of Spain as officers that had performed signal service on that
occasion, for which they received the thanks of that Sovereign.
The taking of this fort paved the way for reducing Barcelona,
which surrendered on the 9th of October 1705. His Lordship was
subsequently removed from the THIRTY-SIXTH regiment, by the Earl
of Peterborough, and, in justice to his character and feelings,
preferred a complaint to Her Majesty Queen Anne against his former
Commander; this was referred to a Council of General Officers,
who, after several meetings, at which witnesses were heard on both
sides, made two satisfactory reports to Her Majesty, copies of
which are inserted at the end of this memoir. On the 1st of January
1707 Queen Anne advanced him to the rank of Major-General, and he
was honoured with the confidence of Her Majesty, as had been the
case with King William III., both as a Peer, and in his military
capacity. In May 1709, his Lordship was one of the committee
appointed to draw up an address of condolence to Her Majesty on the
decease of Her Royal Consort Prince George of Denmark, and also to
congratulate the Queen on the success of her arms.
In May 1726, his Lordship was sworn of the Privy Council to
King George I., and after having enjoyed the peerage upwards of
fifty-five years, and being reputed the oldest nobleman in the
Kingdom, he died on the 21st of July 1726, and was buried at Armagh.
The following are copies of the Reports of the General Officers
concerning the difference between the Earl of Peterborough and
Viscount Charlemont, alluded to in the foregoing Memoir.
“May it please your Majesty,
“We, the General Officers of the Army, in obedience to your
Majesty’s commands, have examined into the Memorial of the Lord
Viscount Charlemont, complaining of hardships received from the
Earl of Peterborough, in Spain, in relation to his regiment, from
which he alleged he had been removed upon a pretended order from
your Majesty; and having fully heard what their Lordships had
severally to offer therewith with witnesses, and other testimony,
as were produced on both sides, on due debate and consideration
of the whole, we are humbly of opinion,--
“That it appears to this Board, that a pretended Order from the
Queen was made use of, to induce the Lord Charlemont to part
with his regiment; and that there have been indirect means used
for the doing it.
“That it likewise appears to the Board, that the Earl of
Peterborough has not done anything irregular to compel the Lord
Charlemont to part with his regiment. All which is most humbly
submitted to your Majesty this 12th day of February 1707-8.
“(Signed) SCHOMBERG, President.
William Stewart.
Portmore.
Richard Ingoldsby.
Charles Ross.
William Seymour.
Argyle.
Shannon.
Francis Palmes.
Mohun.
Stairs.
Richard Temple.
Thomas Pulteney.
Barthol. Ogilvy.
Thom. Crowther.
Kellum.
Tatton.”
“May it please your Majesty,
“In obedience to your Majesty’s command, referring to the General
Officers of the Army a Petition of the Lord Viscount Charlemont,
praying his conduct at the Fort of _Montjuich_ may be examined
into, as to which he lay under some reflections; the General
Officers have met, and heard several witnesses produced on that
occasion; and do thereupon humbly report to your Majesty, that
they find as followeth:--
“That the Lord Charlemont was at the attack of the Fort of
_Montjuich_, and marched into the works at the head of his
men, and was near the Prince of Hesse when he was killed; and
continued doing his duty during the heat of the action.
“That toward the end of the said action, a panic fear took the
troops, to which the Lord Charlemont no way contributed; but the
contrary, his Lordship having endeavoured, both by himself and
other Officers, to put a stop to the disorder.
“That when the action was over, after the Lord Charlemont had
been first relieved by Brigadier Gorges, the Earl of Peterborough
took his Lordship and Colonel Southwell, and presented them
to the King of Spain, as Officers that had done His Majesty
signal service in that action; for which they both received His
Majesty’s thanks.
“That by the disposition of the attack of the breach of the
town of _Barcelona_, as the same is attested by the Earl of
Peterborough’s secretary, the Lord Charlemont was commanded, with
the First brigade, for that attack.
“The General Officers do also take leave to observe to your
Majesty, that it does not appear to them, that any General
Officer refused rolling with the Lord Charlemont; but that they
did their duty with him as before. Which is most humbly submitted
to your Majesty, this 24th of March 1707-8.
“(Signed) TYRAWLEY, President.
Richard Ingoldsby.
Thomas Farrington.
Robert Ecklin.
Stairs.
Richard Temple.
Sherrington Davenport.
Bartholomew Ogilvy.”
THOMAS ALNUTT.
_Appointed 10th May 1706._
Upon Viscount Charlemont’s raising the corps which is now numbered
the THIRTY-SIXTH, this officer was appointed to a company in the
regiment; and he embarked with it in the expedition against Cadiz
in 1702. Captain Alnutt subsequently proceeded with the regiment
to the West Indies; and in 1704 returned with it to Ireland. His
services are also connected with the expedition to Spain under the
Earl of Peterborough in 1705, the siege of Barcelona in the same
year, and its gallant and successful defence against King Philip in
1706. Lieut.-Colonel Alnutt, to which rank he had been advanced at
this period, was appointed Colonel of the THIRTY-SIXTH regiment on
the 10th of May 1706, in succession to the Viscount Charlemont. At
the Battle of Almanza on the 25th of April 1707, Colonel Alnutt was
wounded and taken prisoner. His decease occurred on the 7th of May
1708.
ARCHIBALD, EARL OF ILAY, afterwards DUKE OF ARGYLE.
_Appointed 23d March 1709._
ARCHIBALD, third Duke of Argyle, was born at Ham, in Surrey, in
June 1682, and resided in England until he was about seventeen
years of age, when he was sent to the University of Glasgow. From
thence he went to Utrecht, and made considerable advancement in the
study of civil law, intending to practise in that profession. Upon
his father’s advancement to the Dukedom of Argyle on the 23d of
June 1701, his son Archibald embraced a military life, and served
under the Duke of Marlborough.
In 1705 he was constituted Lord High Treasurer of Scotland, and
in the Parliament of that year, in which his brother John, who
had succeeded his father as Duke of Argyle two years previously,
presided as Lord High Commissioner, he sat and voted as such upon
the Queen’s letter; he was nominated one of the Commissioners for
the Treaty of Union in 1706, and on the 19th of October of that
year was created by patent, dated at Kensington, Earl and Viscount
of Ilay, Lord Oransay, Dunoon, and Arrase. This nobleman was one
of the sixteen representatives of the Scottish peerage, chosen by
Parliament on the 13th of February 1707, and was re-chosen at every
general election until his decease, with the single exception of
the last Parliament of Queen Anne’s reign.