100 PAYING PROFESSIONS

Every girl should be equipped to earn a good living. Parents of today

talk about fitting a girl for a business life just as much as a boy. Of

course, the better trained person, the better educated man or woman

makes a greater success in life. Girls should find where their

interests, propensities, and abilities lie, and should begin early in

life to develop these.

The following pages give descriptions and enlightenment on a hundred

professions in which women engage today. As this is an age of

specialization, the peak of each profession will be emphasized. Many of

the seemingly routine types of work can be made most interesting and

valuable by specialization. The girl or woman starting a business career

will do well to consider the many occupations open to her, and to choose

with greatest wisdom. In business one may as well reach the top—it will

prove not only more remunerative, but infinitely more interesting.

The woman who has capital will be wise to launch a business for herself

if she is well-equipped to handle this business. This is an excellent

time for women to go into business for themselves. Here they can compete

on equal footing with men. Profits take no consideration of sex. If the

woman with capital is trained, she will be most injudicious if she does

not acquire some experience in the same type of business she intends to

operate. For example, suppose a woman wishes to start a dress shop. It

will be well worth her while to work in a department store, a wholesale

house, and a specialty shop before she starts out on her own. She must

become educated in her business. She will be ahead even if she spends

several years acquainting herself with all possible aspects of the dress

business. Countless costly mistakes will be avoided.

In the following resumés, the more unusual and the newer professions

have been accentuated as they will prove of greatest interest to the

girl or woman personally curious about the possibilities which the

modern business world offers.

(1.) _Accountant._ To become a private or public accountant, a woman

must have considerable business experience and must know the practices

of bookkeeping thoroughly. An accountant records, analyzes, and

interprets the businesses of private individuals or of corporations.

Auditing, which checks up the records of a business, is a form of

accounting.

The height of the profession is to become a Certified Public Accountant.

One must pass rigid examinations to earn this title. Some women are

registered accountants and practice successfully.

Salaries for accountants are above the average, ranging from $35 a week

to $100. Certified Public Accountants are in business for themselves, of

course, and when they are successful they earn very substantial incomes.

(2.) _Actress._ The stage today wants not only beautiful but

accomplished girls. The young woman who cannot offer dramatic ability

and training, or dancing, singing, or some other definite thing, will

have a difficult time making her way behind the footlights.

Vaudeville, the legitimate stage, and the movies all offer chances for

fame and fortune. The chorus girl makes from $35 to $75 a week. The

extra in the movie game must provide her own wardrobe. Work as an extra

is uncertain and pays from $8 to $15 a day.

Stars in any of the theatrical fields earn very high salaries, but only

while the shows are playing. They live expensive lives as they can be

assured of no permanency of location.

(3.) _Adjustor._ Large corporations dealing with the public often employ

women to adjust difficulties which naturally arise in transactions.

Department stores, for example, have adjustors to handle merchandise and

service complaints from customers.

Adjustors must have good general educations, patience, and must make a

good appearance. The salaries paid to them range from $25 to $50 a week.

(4.) _Advertising Women._ Advertising is a field which offers limitless

possibilities to women. Prejudice against them in this work is little,

and their feminine point of view is considered most desirable.

Copywriters, who write the text of advertisements, receive from $25 to

$100 a week in salary. Account experts in advertising agencies receive

as much as $200 a week. Women today occupy many executive positions

which pay excellent salaries.

Manufacturing plants, wholesalers, public utility organizations, mills,

banks, department stores, and many other business enterprises employ

women for advertising.

(5.) _Americanization Work._ The war brought to a focus the need for

teaching our great foreign population the meaning of the American

government and the traditions of this country. Social workers were

employed for this purpose. Schools now train students to teach

Americanization. The foreign-born man or woman is taught enough so that

he or she can intelligently pass the examinations for citizenship.

Classes in English are held. Thus the parents do not get out of sympathy

with their children who learn Americanisms in school.

College educations are usually required for Americanization workers. Pay

probably averages from $1,800 to $2,400 a year.

(6.) _Antique Dealer._ The desire for antiques has spread over the

country. Furniture, glass, and metal objects are at a premium provided

they can be declared antique.

Stores selling furniture and interior decorators employ women who know

antiques. Many books have been written upon the subject. It is an

interesting new field, especially adapted to women as they have an

interest in home decorations.

(7.) _Archeologist._ Archeology is the interpretation of past ages in

the light of relics which are found of their civilizations. Exploration

to find the relics must be made. Then examination and conclusions

concerning the relics are made. Eventually historical data is

established and written.

Women are successful in archeology. They are members of expeditions as

well as students in the field. A great background of history and science

is required to be an archeologist.

(8.) _Architect._ The master builders of today are not all men. Many

women have entered the field of architecture and have made remarkable

progress. Especially in the planning of homes do women excel. Large

firms employ women to go over plans to see that the kitchen arrangements

for a house or an apartment building are proper, to consider proportions

of rooms for decorating purposes, and to specialize on clothes and linen

closet plans. Women have also successfully designed public buildings.

Of course, a college education is necessary for the woman architect. She

will earn a good living if she is skillful.

(9.) _Artist._ The emancipated woman enters the field of creative art on

an equal footing with men. Writers, etchers, painters, sculptors, and

musicians number many women among their famous today.

As a profession, commercial art offers interesting occupation to women.

Art applied to business, and particularly to advertising illustration

may be studied in almost every city. Women who draw figures are called

fashion artists. Others do lettering, decorative borders, etc.

Artists on salary receive from $15 to $100 a week.

(10.) _Athletic Coach._ Girls’ schools and colleges now stress

intra-mural athletics and competent coaches are engaged. Some large

business corporations also employ athletic coaches. Usually the coach is

athletic herself and has had training in coaching. Wellesley offers an

excellent course for coaches. Salaries range from $1,500 to $2,800 a

year.

Swimming coaches in schools, clubs, and at beaches can earn good livings

teaching children and adults how to swim. The Red Cross employs

lifesaving teachers.

(11.) _Aviatrix._ Not to be outdone by man on land or sea—or in the

air—milady has put on goggles and climbed into the pilot’s seat of an

airplane. Flying schools report that women make adept pupils. At first

women were only stunt and feature flyers. Some went in for parachute

jumping. Today women are entering the field of transportation aviation.

The industry is so new that no standards of compensation have been set.

(12.) _Banker._ Banks have employed women in clerical positions for a

long, long time. It is a fairly recent development to give women

executive positions in banks. Today many business women are large

customers of banks. They can now consult with women executives in banks.

These women are called investment advisers. Other positions in banks

filled by women are: teller, accountant, secretary, vice-president,

treasurer and even president.

(13.) _Beauty Expert._ This includes barbers, manicurists, masseuses,

marcellers, etc. The woman who can give fashionable bobs is in great

demand. So is the expert marceller. Masseuses are employed by clubs,

hotels, and Turkish baths. Reliable beauty culture schools give courses

of six weeks to three months duration. The beauty parlor operator will

earn from $20 to $50 a week.

(14.) _Biologist._ Besides teaching, women biologists find employment in

federal, state, or community laboratories analyzing foods, studying

water impurities, and even pathological plant life. The Department of

Agriculture employs a number of women biologists in their experimental

laboratories. The pay is rather small, averaging from $1,200 to $2,000 a

year. Great study is necessary for biologists, usually advanced

university degrees.

(15.) _Bookkeeper._ This seems to be one of the less attractive

professions for women. As it is almost mechanical, the woman with

original thoughts will not wish to remain in this type of work

indefinitely. It does offer good business training for the girl fresh

from high school or business college. It is a trade which is an asset,

too, as a woman can almost always find a job if she is a bookkeeper.

Salaries vary from $12 a week to $40.

(16.) _Botanist._ Research work in botany offers attractive

possibilities to trained women. Botany as applied to agriculture is the

chief present commercial use. Development of new and better species of

producing plants are studied. Botany deals with all plant life. Botany

is taught in many grade schools and in practically all high schools and

colleges. Women fill these teaching positions very well.

(17.) _Broker._ Brokers are mediums of communication between buyers and

sellers. Women serve as brokers in real estate transactions, in stock

and bond deals, etc. One woman has made a reputation as a produce broker

in New York. She buys farm produce, chickens, eggs, etc., from produce

houses throughout the country and sells these to commission merchants in

New York.

Women brokers are almost always in business for themselves, although

they may be employed in brokerage offices. They have undoubtedly had

years of business experience before they have entered this fascinating

but risky form of business.

(18.) _Buyer._ Buying for retail businesses is a great and extensive

venture. Buyers occupy important positions in all department stores.

They usually have risen from the ranks of salesgirls, although the

modern tendency is to train college graduates for buying positions. A

buyer must be shrewd as well as versed in the articles she is choosing.

Ready-to-wear buyers are perhaps the most important in the store world.

They command large salaries, and must, in turn, make sizable profits for

their employers. In department stores the pay to buyers runs from $40 a

week to $15,000 to $20,000 a year for the executive buyers.

(19.) _Budget Adviser._ The modern housewife runs her home on a budget.

She keeps track of what she has spent, and she makes systematic plans

for what she will spend.

Banks, trust companies, etc., employ women to give advice on budgets.

Stores also have budget advisers. These experts figure out what

percentage of incomes should be spent for rent, for food, for

entertainment, for charity, for education, etc. They advise the public.

They are paid not by the public but by companies which offer their

services.

(20.) _Camp Counselor._ Thousands of camps for girls are maintained

every summer all over the country. The capable woman with some income

who wishes to work for part of a year will do well to look into the

positions of camp counselors. These adults direct the girls in

athletics, in school work (where courses are being made up), and in

social activities. Camp counselors should know out-of-door life and

should like to be with girls.

(21.) _Cashier._ A cashier is vested with much responsibility, although

she is generally heavily insured, and she receives only fair pay. Her

work is almost automatic, dealing with the making of change and the

balancing of cash. Work as a cashier does not hold out a great future

for a girl. Pay ranges from $12 a week to $25.

(22.) _Cataloguer._ Private and public libraries employ specialists to

do their cataloguing. Collectors of any rare objects of art or science

have these treasures catalogued when their number has reached a

sufficient volume.

Studious, earnest girls can do this work and it often proves interesting

to list the collection of years’ labor. Pay is small, averaging not more

than $25 a week at the most.

(23.) _Caterer._ The caterer prepares the food for large banquets, for

parties, or merely for home entertainment. She must be an expert in the

culinary line.

This is a good business for the housewife to enter, provided she is

untrained in another field. She solicits the lodges, clubs, churches,

and homes for patrons. She suggests to them appetizing refreshments, and

she then has these foods prepared in her place of business, and she must

deliver them in good condition. The caterer also sends experienced

people to serve the food. Dishes, linens, and silver may be rented from

the caterer.

(24.) _Chauffeur._ During the war, girls demonstrated that they could

drive ambulances, and many of these weren’t light cars. In Philadelphia

recently a taxicab company started with only girls for their chauffeurs.

The girls are clad in natty, well-tailored uniforms, and they give

efficient, courteous service to their customers. They report that they

are not molested by flirtatious men. These girls have gone through a

course of automobile mechanics.

(25.) _Chemist._ There are many openings today for women chemists. They

may teach, do research work, or enter the wide field of applied

chemistry. Practically all high schools and colleges employ chemistry

teachers. The government has many openings for chemists in the following

departments: the Bureau of Standards, the Bureau of Engraving, the

United States Public Health Service, and the Bureau of Chemistry. State

and municipal governments also have need of chemists.

Industry utilizes the science of chemistry extensively. Experiments for

future developments as well as tests of present productions are made.

The woman chemist can do as well as the man, provided she has good

training.

Chemistry has a great future in industry. It serves not only the purpose

of testing products but of developing great, new accomplishments. A

chemist receives a fair salary, but will never get rich quickly from

this profession. Women who are chemical laboratory workers receive from

$20 to $65 a week.

(26.) _Companion._ Here is a genteel, pleasant profession for the woman

who fears to meet the bustling, strenuous business world. Many wealthy

women and many invalids employ companions. The duties of these employees

are centered in keeping their employers comfortable and interested.

Today the demand is for women of culture as companions. Take invalids,

for example; they will want some companionship as well as some care.

Women of means sometimes employ traveling companions. Their duties

consist of taking care of reservations, accompanying their employers on

boats, trains, and other excursions. They are expected to make

themselves generally agreeable as well as useful. One duty of the

companion is to read aloud. She must do this with intelligence and

interest.

All of the expenses of the companion are paid. She can have little

separate life of her own. She will receive from $50 to $150 a month.

(27.) _Comparative Shopper._ The majority of large stores in this

country maintain shopping departments, or, as they are often called,

comparative values departments. It is the duty of these departments to

see that no other stores in the same locality undersell their store. For

example, they compare the merchandise in the various departments with

the same merchandise in other stores and report the differences in

price.

For this type of work, stores like to employ women for part time,

although full time comparative shopping jobs are given. The shopper must

not become known in other stores. This is a good occupation for married

women who know the values of merchandise and who wish to devote part of

their time to earning money.

For full time work comparative shopping pays about $25 a week in large

stores. Part time workers are paid from 50 cents to $1 an hour.

(28.) _Comptometer Operators._ In big businesses much of the clerical

work is done on adding and other calculating machines. Today business

schools offer courses to train girls to run these machines with speed

and efficiency. These girls are called comptometer operators. Their work

is purely mechanical, and practice makes them improve in speed. If a

girl wants this type of work, she is paid fairly well. Novices usually

start at $15 or $20 a week. The most expert and swift comptometer

operators will not make over $50 a week.

(29.) _Cook._ Girls who love the mystery and the excitement of mixing

flour, sugar, and eggs together must not turn up their noses at the idea

of cooking as a profession. Of course, it is not meant that these girls

will go in private homes as servants. Today a cook in a great hotel,

club, or restaurant is an honored person and must be an educated person.

He or she must know values of foodstuffs, the chemistry of cooking, and

the likes and dislikes of the great and petulant public. The histories

of foods of foreign countries must also be familiar to them.

Chefs, or cooks, in hotels and clubs receive very good salaries. The

most famous of them are said to earn $10,000 a year. That is unusual, of

course. The average good cook in a public eating place receives from $40

to $100 a week. They have their assistants to do the menial work, and

only the general planning and supervising is left for them.

(30.) _Copyist._ This work is semi-artistic. Today manufacturers of

style merchandise, including clothing and accessories, are constantly on

the lookout for something new. They buy models from Paris and other

fashion centers and want them copied in perhaps less expensive

materials. Copyists not only reproduce models patterned after originals,

but they copy styles of other concerns, of retail stores, of any new

style source which they can find. They must be able to recognize new

styles and to sketch them not artistically, but understandably. Salaries

paid vary from $15 a week to $35. Of course, New York, Chicago and other

large cities are the only localities for copyists.

(31.) _Correspondent._ This does not refer to legal situations.

Correspondents handle the letters of organizations. Many times they have

charge of form letters which are used for usual queries. The heads of

correspondent departments are usually responsible women who must meet

situations with common sense. Correspondents also write letters for

companies. Therefore, they must know the English language and its use in

business letters. Correspondents in smaller concerns write their own

letters, therefore a knowledge of typewriting is required. In larger

concerns they dictate either to stenographers or dictaphones.

(32.) _Credit Women._ Here is an interesting occupation for the keen,

alert woman. Today much business is done on credit. Every organization

which sells on time as well as every organization which maintains thirty

day credit must have people to pass on the desirability of applicants.

Past credit records must be investigated. Almost all cities of any size

have credit rating companies. Thus professional deadbeats cannot keep up

their game as their reputations are recorded.

It is not uncommon for a store to have a woman as credit manager. Her

job is important and well paid. The girl who would enjoy such a type of

work should get a job in a credit office of a store or in a credit

bureau. She will learn the business from the ground up—and it is a

calling which has a future. Salaries paid to credit managers range from

$1,800 a year to $6,000. Women seem to be particularly successful in

this certain profession and there seems to be little prejudice against

them as credit executives.

(33.) _Critic._ Critics are supposedly students who are educated in

literature, in painting, in music, or in any other art, and can

crystallize their impressions and beliefs into convincing form for the

public.

Newspapers have dramatic, music, and art critics. The movie critic, too,

is not to be overlooked as she is often a woman. Women make good

critics—as any husband will testify. Seriously speaking, they have the

analytic faculty and it is being recognized by newspapers and magazines

who need this writing.

When critics get reputations, they often add lecturing to their means of

earning money. Lecture bureaus furnish speakers for hundreds of clubs

and schools all over the country.

One cannot get to be a critic in a day. One must first become an expert

in judging some particular form of art and must acquire a reputation not

only for sagacity but for clarity in expressing points of view. The

financial standings of critics vary greatly. Those with commanding names

draw the large salaries while the minor ones are paid only fairly well.

(34.) _Demonstrator._ Many new devices have been introduced into

American homes by demonstrators. Consider vacuum cleaners, for example.

Women often do this demonstrating. Stores, too, have demonstrators for

beauty culture articles such as creams, powders, etc. Electrical

refrigeration companies, gas and electric stove companies, and many

other organizations of similar type use women demonstrators. To be a

demonstrator a woman must have a clean appearance. She must be able to

answer questions sensibly and convincingly. Demonstration gives women a

chance to travel, an aspect which appeals to the more adventurous

younger generation. Chances for futures in this work are not as good as

in many other lines, but the work itself is interesting. Salaries range

from $18 a week to $35.

(35.) _Dentist._ Dentistry has been attracting women for quite a number

of years. It is a technical profession in which women have made a good

name for their sex. Women dentists seem to be particularly successful

with children patients; perhaps they have a better understanding of the

emotions of children which dental work surely calls forth.

The value of teaching children how to care for their teeth has been

realized and women dentists are employed to teach dental hygiene in

schools, settlement houses, etc.

Many institutions have resident dentists who care for the teeth of their

employees. Such institutions include stores, factories, large insurance

houses, banks, etc. Women fill these institutional jobs most

satisfactorily. Salaries paid to resident dentists vary from $1,800 to

$3,600 a year.

(36.) _Designer._ Designing is one of the most fascinating and

successful fields for women to enter, provided they have the talent and

the training. Almost every article manufactured is first designed—which

includes the conceiving of the object and its practical planning. Women

designers enter every field—including the designing of furniture,

lighting fixtures, fabrics, apparel, and costumes.

The fabric designer has a fascinating work. She deals with colors, with

designs, and with all the practical sides of the manufacture of a

printed or blocked material. Cretonne designing is a gigantic business

in itself. Think of the hundreds of different patterns turned out every

year. These must all be designed first. Art schools specialize in fabric

designing courses.

Costume designing is an alluring occupation. Almost every New York

dramatic production has its costume designer. Of course, any historical

presentation must be correctly as well as beautifully costumed. Revues

and musical comedies make a great thing of gorgeous, bizarre, and

exquisite costuming. Again, some expert designer has worked out the

costumes.

The greatest commercial use of designing is in the manufacture of

wearing apparel—dresses, coats, hats, scarfs, lingerie, etc. Every

season the designers must anticipate the popular trends of styles and

make garments which will meet the demands of the public. Paris is

followed closely. The designer must also be a business woman as she can

suggest only styles which lend themselves to sensible manufacturing.

When the expense of a garment does not matter, she is not so limited.

When, however, she is designing a dress to sell at a certain price, she

must take into account the amount of material required, the workmanship,

the trimmings, etc.

The most prominent designers spend much time abroad, always on the

lookout for new and feasible ideas. Their expenses, of course, are paid.

Salaries for designers have a wide range, depending upon originality and

experience as well as technical ability. Beginners start at $35 a week.

Some of the famous designers are reputed to command salaries as great as

$50,000 a year. While there are many competent men in this species of

work, woman holds her own without a single apology.

(37.) _Detective._ Employment may be obtained by women on both private

and government detective forces. In private agencies, women often prove

valuable as they can work subtly. A good looking woman with brains can

find out many secrets which a male detective would never discover in a

hundred years. Women detectives are required to go into many dubious

places and they must run up against unpleasant and sometimes dangerous

people. For the woman who likes excitement, the work might be pleasing.

Policewomen now patrol dance halls, theatres, and other public places of

amusement. They have as their province the safety of the girl in the

city. Policewomen are usually at least thirty years old, sensible, and

with a social point of view on the problems of women and girls.

The secret service, the aristocracy of this type of work, too, employs

women. This verges on diplomatic work.

Salaries paid to private women detectives vary from $20 to $75 a week.

Policewomen receive the same remuneration that policemen do.

(38.) _Diplomat._ For all time women have played their unofficial parts

in the diplomatic world. Who, for example, is more important than the

wife of an ambassador or of a consul? It is only recently, however, that

she has been admitted into the consular service of the United States. At

present there are only a few vice-consuls who are women. However, the

barrier is down now and more women will fill these positions in the

future.

To enter the consular service, women, just like men, must take the

consular examination in Washington. Pay is very small and an outside

income is most useful to those in the diplomatic service.

(39.) _Doctor._ In all branches of the profession hundreds of women are

doing splendid work. An increasing number of students who register in

medical colleges are women. Their scholastic standing equals those of

the men students. Now the prejudice against women doctors is greatly

overcome. Hospitals which used to discriminate against them have ceased

to do so, and many women internes are found in the leading hospitals of

the country.

Women enter general medical practice as well as the specializations of

the calling. In Pediatrics, or the science of children’s health, women

are singularly successful. A Pediatrist cares for children from birth to

the age of sixteen.

In medicine there are institutional opportunities for women in schools,

hospital staffs, and large corporations. Practically all girls’ schools

and women’s colleges have women doctors.

In public health work, too, women doctors are in demand. Many women who

write a Dr. in front of their names go in for medical research work, a

limitless and valuable domain. Here they study the natures and try to

find out the causes of many diseases which ravage the world.

Dietetics is an interesting medical profession. Women can be dietitians

without graduating from medical school and entering the profession. All

hospitals and sanitariums of any size employ dietitians.

Women doctors in institutions may earn from $2,400 to $10,000 a year.

The study of medicine and the preparation for the profession is a

difficult, long process. Seven years is the average medical course in a

college. Then a year to two years of interneship in a hospital is

required. Specialization demands further study.

(40.) _Draftsman._ A draftsman draws plans for machinery, structures, or

places. Women have done this highly technical work well. They must be

trained in this particular kind of work thoroughly. High schools

frequently offer courses in draftsmanship. Engineering colleges almost

always teach it. Unless a girl is very mechanically minded and likes the

detail work involved, this profession does not offer an unusual amount

of inducement.

(41.) _Dramatic Coach or Director._ In school work, community pageants,

and on the professional stage, women have the chance to direct plays and

other theatrical presentations. The woman who wants to adopt this work

should know the art of elocution, the literature of the stage, and the

principles of scenic and lighting effects. She must have the ability to

direct a whole organization.

Dramatic coaching in schools is usually done in conjunction with some

other work, usually teaching. The coach helps the students to prepare

and present their class plays and their other school entertainments.

In this country there are bureaus which provide coaches to clubs, to

civic governments, and to any person or organization which intends to

put on a play, a pageant, or a festival.

The field of directing commercial dramas is dominated by men. Still,

women do act as dramatic directors and several have made outstanding

successes in this work. It is a hard profession to enter. Eva La

Galliene, for example, directs her repertoire theater. She arrived at

this position after years of work as an actress. She still acts in her

presentations.

(42.) _Editor._ Newspapers, magazines, and publishing houses maintain

staffs of editors. It is their duty to accept material and to see that

it is in proper condition for publication.

In the newspaper game, not many women become managing editors. The

common editorial positions which women fill are: society editor, fashion

editor, home economics editor, and school editor.

Magazines and publishing houses value the services of women editors

greatly. The fashion magazines must be run by women. Fiction, travel,

and informative current event magazines all employ women in editorial

capacities.

The feminine point of view is important to publishers. Women edit, as a

rule, the children’s books. To become an editor, one must have a good

education, be and remain well-read, and know what the public will buy.

The ability to recognize merit in new writers is also important.

Editorial positions on magazines pay quite well, ranging, for

assistants, from $40 a week to $10,000 and even more for full-fledged

editors. In the publishing world, editors do not receive such good

money. The field is always full as many a college girl plans and hopes

to enter the editorial field.

(43.) _Educational Director._ Stores, factories, banks, and other large

institutions now have educational departments not only to train their

employees in their own systems of business but to give them broader

general educations. Classes are maintained. In stores the sales people

receive instruction in the nature of fabrics, in the history of

furniture, in everyday psychology, and in the specific system of the

store. There is always an educational director with assistants.

This is a rather new type of work and a most excellent variation from

ordinary teaching. Several colleges give courses in educational work for

institutions. In Boston is a school called “The Prince School” which

teaches store educational systems.

Pay for educational directors varies from $2,400 to $8,000 a year. Her

assistants receive from $35 to $75 a week.

(44.) _Explorer._ Women have had their parts in the exploration of the

world. Present day explorations are conducted to gain scientific data

for the most part. Women who are trained in some special work of science

have found interesting times in exploration. Will Beebe, the fascinating

explorer, has employed women as laboratory workers and historians on

some of his adventurous trips. Martin Johnson and Osa Johnson have made

notable exploration trips in Africa. They study wild animal life. Mrs.

Johnson drives a truck, shoots a rifle accurately, cooks, and does

whatever is necessary. Together they take motion pictures and collect

interesting material.

(45.) _Exporter or Importer._ Many women engage in buying foreign

merchandise or in selling American-made products abroad. Some work for

exporting or importing firms and the more ambitious are in business for

themselves.

In novelties, gift articles, and apparel women are especially successful

importers. Much pottery, lace, china, and glass is imported by women.

They, in turn, sell it to wholesale houses or to retail shops.

One woman is a successful exporter of American sewing machines. Another

exports American shoes which are in great demand in Europe.

The best way to learn this business is not through schools and books but

by actual experience. Customs must be thoroughly understood. It is well

to speak foreign languages, too.

(46.) _Farmer._ The call of the land—the feel of the soil—is not

confined to men, alone. Many women love next-to-nature life on farms,

although it proves very strenuous. Women do manage vast grain farms, and

they do it well. Probably more women run truck farms, raising fancy

vegetables for table use. Still more women operate chicken farms. With a

good market nearby, poultry farming is a good industry. Eggs and

chickens are in demand all the year around, and extra money can be made

by the sale of ducks, geese, and turkeys at holiday times, as every

farmer knows.

Agricultural colleges offer splendid courses in modern farming. Rotation

of crops, animal husbandry, and necessary sciences of farming are

sensibly taught. The woman who is planning the vigorous life of a farm

will be well-equipped with this knowledge, although she can obtain it

from books if she wishes to do so.

(47.) _File Clerk._ The careful keeping of correspondence and other

records is a necessary part of any office work. While filing is

considered a rather ordinary task, it is considered highly responsible

in many business organizations. The head of a filing system in a large

company has an important position. By diligent work, and always

meticulous filing, a girl can work herself up to a good position as the

woman in charge of filing.

The ordinary file clerk makes from $10 to $25 a week. Chief file clerks

make as much as $70 a week.

(48.) _Florist._ What woman doesn’t love to handle flowers? To arrange

them? To see them constantly? Among the loveliest flower shops in the

country are those managed and owned by women. Women are also pleasantly

employed in florist shops. They learn how to make corsage, wedding and

funeral bouquets. They come to know the seasonableness of various

flowers.

Clerks in florists’ shops are paid from $12 to $35 a week. If a woman is

thinking of owning a flower shop, she should work in several first

before opening hers as there are many ins and outs in the floral

business.

(49.) _Geologist._ Geology, the study of the surface and inside

structures of the earth, offers a limited but engrossing sphere of

opportunity. The life of the prospecting geologist is physically very

vigorous, but, even so, women tackle this work and like it. The majority

of women geologists, however, teach or do research work. In oil geology

there centers the most commercial interest. At present in the United

States Geological Survey, a woman geologist is engaged in research work

concerning the micro-organisms of oil-producing rocks and sands.

Mineralogy, or the study of minerals, is a branch of geology which women

have entered. At the present time, little exploring for new ore mines is

taking place as the present mines supply well the world’s metal needs.

Consequently, analysis of rocks, or mineralogy, is more or less at a

standstill from a business point of view.

(50.) _Guide._ In these days of extensive travel, there are interesting

chances for professional guides. In Paris and other European cities, a

number of intelligent young American women have become guides. They not

only show tourists famous historical places and museums, but they direct

the anxious shoppers to the best stores and specialty shops, the

out-of-the-ordinary eating places, the quaint inns, etc. Knowledge of

the native language is necessary.

Steamship and travel companies which arrange tours often have cultured

young women as guides and assistant guides. All of their expenses are

paid, of course. They must read up the histories of the places to be

visited, acquaint themselves with the customs of the countries, and

assist in the details of passports and baggage examination care at

ports. On board ship these guides make themselves generally agreeable to

the passengers, playing hostess at ship entertainments.

Salaries paid to these guides are naturally small, as women are anxious

to take the trips. One large tourist company pays these guides $75 a

month, plus expenses. This amount gives the young women money for

clothes and pocket money.

(51.) _Home Economist._ Domestic women with a scientific turn of mind

like to delve deeply into home problems. Some of them study home

economics merely to teach, others put this knowledge to other commercial

uses.

Large flour companies, canning companies, and other food producing

companies employ home economists and provide them with extensive

experimental laboratories. Here they test out new recipes, new uses, and

prove old contentions concerning food values and delectabilities.

Stores use home economists in advisory capacities. Magazines which deal

with home problems also have on their experimental and editorial staffs

women trained in this particular lore. In the whole field of home

dressmaking, many women are employed as expert consultants. Pattern

companies, yard goods stores, and sewing machine companies have home

economists to inform prospective customers as to the most effective ways

to make their own wardrobes.

(52.) _Hostess._ The hostess in any public place—be it a tea room,

hotel, or club—must radiate dignified, reserved hospitality. She speaks

for the business and her personality is very important. She adds

intimacy without familiarity.

In a tea room or cafe she often seats people, taking the place of the

more commercial head waiter. It is the fashion now to be informal in

public places. Then she sees that the customers receive prompt service,

and she tries to provide any unusual courtesy which occurs to her.

The duties and privileges of hostesses vary with every establishment. In

some hotels the hostess resides in the hotel and helps patrons who want

advice on shops, excursions, and theaters. She may preside over the

hotel library.

The hostesses spoken of may be older women, and most frequently are

women of social standing who have had financial reverses. They find

themselves equipped to meet the public and to be professionally

gracious.

In this jazz day, there is another type of hostess in the merry

whirl—the hostess at the night club. She may be a bright, attractive,

and above all wise young woman. It is she who decides who will spend the

most money in the club—and she gives these parties the most desirable

tables. She must be a good sport and not take offense at any too

personal remark which may be cast in her direction. In some clubs she

must dance with any of the men who invite her. She may even be called

upon to furnish some entertaining.

Hostesses receive from $15 a week in the small tea rooms to $75 a week

in the flourishing night clubs.

(53.) _Housekeeper._ Large estates have women employed as head

housekeepers. They sometimes do the duties which butlers have done, that

is, assume charge of the servants and of the household supplies. In a

domicile of many servants, rooms of linens, and vast food stores, the

housekeeper has a very trustworthy occupation. She is paid from $90 to

$150 a month and receives her maintenance.

Most hotels have head housekeepers. Under them are all the chamber

maids. The housekeeper in a hotel is responsible for keeping the rooms

in order. She frequently buys the linen supplies. She takes charge, too,

of the vast laundry done for the hotel.

Housekeepers in hotels usually receive a room and meals. They are paid

from $60 to $300 a month. The latter figure applies to the very large

hotels, of course.

(54.) _House Mother._ School dormitories and school fraternities and

sororities have house mothers. They plan the food, manage the servants,

and act as guides, philosophers, and friends to the girls or boys who

live in the houses.

Women who are accepted in schools as house mothers are usually

middle-aged women of genteel background and sympathetic nature. Their

actions will be watched and imitated by the children, and therefore

their manners must be above reproach. The salaries they receive vary

from $75 to $150 a month. They receive, of course, maintenance.

(55.) _Interior Decorator._ Here is a veritable Elysium for women!

Hundreds of them have entered the profession of interior decoration, and

many of them have done remarkable work.

The interior decorator for the home helps with the selection of

furniture, curtains and draperies, lamps, rugs, pictures, tapestries,

dishes, ornaments of any kind, and even the linens. Perhaps the

decorator is called into consultation with the architect. They plan

color schemes and room proportions together. The decorator may go to

Europe to select certain articles. Modest homes, too, are now employing

decorators.

Interior decorators receive fees for their services. Besides this they

get a commission for the articles which they sell. They may even carry

furniture, pottery, fabrics, etc., themselves.

Stores which sell furniture and home needs often employ young women as

consulting interior decorators. Customers come to them with their home

beautifying problems. These young decorators receive from $25 to $150 a

week. In large stores which specialize in this, the experienced interior

decorator may make as much as $10,000 a year. There are only a few

stores in the country which have such extensive departments.

(56.) _Insurance Agents._ Women sell insurance very successfully. They

also hold down other jobs in insurance offices, such as manager of the

woman’s department, research worker, or financial expert.

Women are adept in selling all kinds of insurance, life, fire, tornado,

accident and health, plate glass, etc. They can talk well and they have

enthusiasm for new work.

Women sell other women insurance well. They can talk on an understanding

basis with each other.

Another branch of insurance which women succeed in is the Workman’s

Compensation Act. This is regulated by law. However, adjustments and

claims must be made. The social worker who specializes in this type of

insurance represents the working man with his claim.

(57.) _Jeweler._ Precious stones, gleaming metals, rare craftsmanship,

and a general environment of loveliness is what the jewelry business

offers to women. The majority of positions are selling ones, but they

are fascinating. High types of girls are demanded for this work. They

are, it goes without saying, placed under bond. The wise girl who gets a

position in a jewelry store or the jewelry department of a large store

will study metals and precious stones. There is much of consuming

interest to know.

(58.) _Journalist._ Many a girl has the ambition to do newspaper work.

To be a reporter! It is a lively, consuming profession which more and

more women enter continually. It is a game of the survival of the

fittest. One must have a nose for news, or a propensity for the feature

story type of writing. Reporting is hard work. It means long chases

after sometimes futile stories, tedious waits for personages of

interviewing importance, and sometimes great strains physically. Not all

of the work, by any means, is interesting. Long lists of graduates, for

example, have to be copied. Countless dull stories must be written.

There is the other, thrilling side, too. Getting a “scoop” which means

getting a good story before another paper has it—that is a thrill which

the reporter loves best.

Women reporters are sometimes called “sob sisters.” This means that they

write human interest stories—play up emotions, dwell on

sentimentalities, and sometimes use exaggerations. Women are very agile

reporters. They are often most resourceful and clever.

The top notch positions in journalism are those with syndicates.

Syndicates sell feature stories to many newspapers. The woman who writes

for them is very well paid and her writings are published extensively so

that she acquires a reputation.

Reporters on papers receive from $15 to $125 a week. They have expense

accounts for money used in traveling for the paper.

(59.) _Laboratory Technician._ Medical laboratories have a demand for

trained workers who assist in the analyses and do chemical work in blood

tests, etc. Sometimes these laboratories are in conjunction with

hospitals, and again they may be part of a doctor’s office. Still other

laboratories are run independently and physicians send work to them.

City and state health departments maintain laboratories where cultures

are examined, where water and milk are examined to see if the germ

content is dangerous. Women occupy positions frequently in such

laboratories. They are paid from $20 to $40 a week and must be trained.

(60.) _Landscape Gardener._ Home owners who covet everything beautiful

for their surroundings employ landscape gardeners to plan the shrubs,

trees, flowers, walks, arbors, and all growing things and decorations in

the gardens, lawns, and orchards. Women have gone in for this landscape

gardening wholeheartedly.

A knowledge of horticulture is necessary to the well-equipped landscape

gardener. She must know what seasons the various flowers bloom so that

she can plan continually blooming parts of the garden. She must know

what soils nourish which plants the best. She must have a good sense of

color and of form.

Large firms of architects employ landscape gardeners. Nurseries need

them, too. Many landscape gardeners are in business for themselves.

Cities and state governments use landscape gardeners to make public

buildings look as well as possible. Landscape gardening in parks is a

most necessary feature.

Salaries paid to landscape gardeners vary from $1,500 to $8,000 a year.

Every piece of work, when a woman is in this business for herself, is

charged for separately, as in other professions.

(61.) _Lawyer._ A woman lawyer used to be considered somewhat of a

freak. Now she is respected and admired. Although women have not invaded

law as they have medicine and some of the other professions, they are

making significant inroads. They have been uniquely successful in

maintaining positions in the national, state, and municipal legal

forces.

Women do try cases in court splendidly. Furthermore, they prove

admirable in probate or estate work. In the domestic relations courts

they evince a basic understanding of legal situations which involve

emotional conflicts. In children’s courts, too, they prove their right

to be in the honored profession of law. More and more trust companies

are finding women lawyers suitable for their legal work.

(62.) _Librarian._ The girl who is interested in quiet, intelligent, and

rather modestly paid work, will do well to interest herself in

libraries. They may be divided into these classes: public, school,

technical, and private. Everyone knows public libraries and the way they

function. The larger libraries have subdivisions in which librarians

specialize. For example, a woman may be a children’s librarian or a

reference room librarian. The librarian can be a great influence for

good in the community as she can help to direct the reading of men,

women, and children. Many ideas are formed by reading.

School and technical libraries require trained workers, too. The

librarian in a school should have a fresh, youthful point of view. She

must assist the student in reference work, give him inspiration, and

keep all the many details of her work in good order. Medical and legal

associations maintain libraries for reference and research work. Capable

women often take charge of these.

Private libraries are maintained by extremely wealthy people, by

scholars, and by collectors. Some of these private collections of rare

books are interesting beyond description. Librarians for these jeweled

shelves keep the books well catalogued, entertain guests with

information concerning the volumes, and assist their employers if they

are using the library for any particular piece of work.

Colleges now have courses for library work. There are distinct schools

for librarians, too. Salaries are not munificent, averaging from $60 to

$300 a month. Some head librarians of large institutions receive as high

as $6,000 a year. They are few and far between.

(63.) _Mechanic._ Traditionally women are most awkward with a hammer, a

monkey wrench, or a screw driver. They, themselves, have come to accept

the notion that they cannot be mechanically adept. Every once in a while

this contention is heartily disproved. A woman is noted who is a garage

worker—or who owns a garage. One large American city boasts an expert

woman plumber. In this day and age, if a woman is interested in any

mechanical pursuit—from engineering to operating a steam shovel—there is

no reason why she cannot follow out her own desires. More power to her!

(64.) _Merchandise Expert._ Stores have large corps of buyers; a

tendency in modern storekeeping is to have merchandise superintendents

over groups of these buyers. The buyers then come to the merchandise

experts for advice, to talk over market conditions, and to figure out

special promotional work. The merchandise expert has either been a buyer

or has had advertising experience.

This is a most responsible position. The woman occupying it must know

merchandise, advertising, and must be able to predict demands for

certain classes of articles. Sales promotion work is usually a part of

her job. That means that she plans special events, such as birthday

sales, founder’s day sales, spring sales, etc. She spends time in the

markets with the buyers. She must keep in vital touch with public

sentiments. She is held accountable for the failures of any departments.

Men, too, occupy similar positions. Since women have been in the field

of buying for years, they are not resented as merchandise experts.

Salaries paid to them are much larger than in the majority of

occupations. Their year’s checks would total from $5,000 to $20,000.

Only women with long experience and remarkably clear insight can make

outstanding successes in this line. It is a good mark for which to aim.

(65.) _Milliners._ The old order changeth! Women used to have their hats

made from selected shapes and trimmings. Today the made-to-order hat is

quite a rarity. Since the simple, tailored hats have come into

existence, millinery has been a simple trade, too. A recent development

adds a bit of technique. In Paris there is a craze to have the hat

draped and pinned on the head of the individual who is to wear it. This

makes decidedly individual styles. American milliners are trying out

this idea, and, if it works, it will boost the profession. Today

milliners buy their hats all trimmed and their jobs resolve into selling

occupations.

(66.) _Model._ Mannikin is another name. The model must be a beautiful

girl, exquisitely proportioned. She wears clothing that prospective

customers may see just how well it looks. Models are used in many high

class retail shops. Here the 200 pound customer fancies she will look

just like the lissom model—and she signs the dotted line and has the

dress delivered.

Wholesale houses invariably use models for clothing. The girls show

buyers the styles. They work hard, sometimes changing dresses or coats a

couple of hundred times a day, when the season is busy. They slip in and

out of garments with lightning speed. They must walk just so—and answer

any questions the buyer may care to ask, although there is almost always

a salesman present.

Models for clothing receive from $25 to $60 a week. The average pay in a

wholesale dress or coat house is $35 a week. Photographers’ models are

paid by the sitting. The best studios pay $5 for a street clothing

picture and $10 for a sitting in lingerie, hose, etc. Some of the

photographers’ models make very good money.

(67.) _Movie Director._ Several women carry flying colors in this new

and developing work. Usually the woman movie directors have evolved from

scenario writers, caption writers, and others connected in some way with

the industry. They must be highly skilled in all the mechanical

knowledge concerning photography and they must understand film

presentation of human feelings. Then, they must be able to instill in

the actresses and actors the spirit of the production. They are paid

either by the picture or on a salary basis.

It might be well here to say a few words concerning the moving picture

field, exclusive of acting. Studios employ a staff of scenario readers,

caption writers, and scenario writers. Still other women are employed in

the advertising and research departments. The movies have a glorious

future ahead of them, and any woman who believes herself mentally

equipped to find her place in this growth will do well to get a position

in a company where she can learn the most possible about the art of

moving pictures. The University of Southern California is said to be

planning a series of courses on the moving picture industry.

(68.) _Musician._ This is an all inclusive title: it embraces pianists,

violinists, harpists, singers, composers, and teachers. To say nothing

of cellists and other artists who perform on musical instruments. It

takes in grand opera stars and tin pan alley singers.

Every year hundreds of young people come to large cities to study music.

Many of them are undoubtedly talented. They do not realize the hazardous

path between them and fame. It is fraught with many unreasonable

difficulties. Ability, personality, and good luck all contribute their

bits. Health is surely not to be overlooked. Training for a musical

career is very expensive and not at all certain.

Teaching music is another field. It offers more variety now than ever

before. We have community song leaders who lead the singing of great

crowds of people. We have coaches for municipal song fests. We have

choir directors. A splendid technical education is an absolute

requisite.

The compensation for public performers in music is most uncertain. Their

publicity expenses are always great, as they must keep their names

constantly before the public. Jealousy exists among such temperamental

people. But, with determination, talent, and patience as guardian

angels, many musicians do arrive at their goals.

(69.) _Novelist._ Every woman has at least one story to write, the

history of her own life. Within the most humble and the quietest person

exists some interesting story. In the present time, many women are

writing these and other stories.

It is advisable for a woman to write a novel, provided she has ability

to write and provided she does not have to depend upon the income of the

novel for her livelihood. Unless a novel is a very good seller, it does

not make much money. The average royalty on a book by an unknown or

little known author is 20 per cent. If a thousand copies are sold, that

means only $200. Of course, if the book seems adaptable for the movies,

a nice sum is netted. The movies will buy the rights from anywhere in

the neighborhood of $1,000 to $10,000 for an unknown author. Some

publishers have clauses in their contracts which give them a percentage

of the movie rights of books they get out.

(70.) _Numerologist and Astrologist._ These are more or less mystic

beliefs, although both claim mathematical precision and formulae.

Numerology is the science of numbers, its adherents say. Every letter in

one’s name has a numerical value, and combinations of these values have

supposed meanings. Followers of this belief work out their destinies

from their names. If the results are not pleasing, one changes one’s

name to something which will bring happiness and good fortune. Experts

are needed to work out values and to suggest the best possible

combinations. A surprising number of women numerologists seem to be kept

busy by anxious clients. Their charge varies from $5 to $25 a

consultation. They cite as proofs many famous people who attained their

prominence only after changing their names.

Astrology, in its popular conception, is the study of the influence on

human life of atmospheric conditions dealing particularly with the sun,

the moon, and the stars. Each person has a horoscope which tells him his

character and will provide advice for his activities. Belief in

astrology is not new, as ancient nations revered it and practiced its

commands.

One well known woman astrologist in New York receives $25 for a

horoscope reading which takes her about a half hour. Her time is so much

in demand that she has a tremendous waiting list and no appointments can

be made sooner than thirty days in the future. Of course, her regular

clients who consult her on business matters daily have access to her

advice. (See Little Blue Book No. 767.)

(71.) _Nurse._ Humanity calls to those who follow this profession

conscientiously. In nursing, there is more of a future than many people

consider. A highly skilled nurse is invaluable to a surgeon. In

hospitals there are many executive positions for intelligent nurses. In

public health work, hundreds of positions are open, and more will be

open, to socially minded nurses.

Most hospitals now accept only high school graduates as probate nurses.

The average course in a hospital is for three years. Some, especially

University hospitals, have raised the time to four years. Besides

actually caring for the patients, the student nurses must study a

prescribed course dealing with the science of nursing.

Graduate nurses who do case work make very good money, the average

running from $8 to $12 a day, but it must be remembered that they do not

work continually. Their expenses of living continue, and they may spend

many idle days. Some nurses secure positions with invalids and stay on

the same cases for years.

(72.) _Occupational Therapist._ This is largely the teaching of arts and

crafts to injured persons. The World War developed this most valuable

idea. Keep the injured person occupied! Keep his thoughts on something

besides his own troubles. So they teach incurables basket weaving, lamp

making, doll making, etc. It is truly a great help. The patient becomes

interested and cheerful. He may make his living and thus evade the

experience of being dependent upon his family, his friends, the state,

or charity.

A few large hospitals in the country have courses in occupational

therapy. One engaged in this work can feel she is doing great good in a

rather cheerless world. It could be depressing, work, too, if the

therapist failed to realize the larger aspects of the job.

The salary is as good as paid to private nurses. This work extends to

institutions for the feeble-minded, too. These unfortunate people are

taught to do some interesting and useful work.

(73.) _Pharmacist._ This includes the manufacture of drugs, the filling

of medical prescriptions, and the teaching of pharmacy. Women who are

interested in chemistry often enter this field. They are exact and

efficient. They may go into manufacturing plants in positions of

supervision, or they may take positions in drug stores. Pharmacists are

needed in hospitals, too. There is no discrimination against women in

this work.

Salaries range from $30 to $65 a week for clerks and from $50 to $100

for executive work in manufacturing plants. There is a great research

field in pharmacy which invites women to enter.

(74.) _Photographer._ Photography in its best expression may be

considered an art. Light, proportion, and line figure in the fine

photograph. Commercially, portrait photography is the most paying. Women

photographers who have specialized in taking interesting and lifelike

pictures of people have built up great patronages. Some women specialize

in photographing children. This requires a patience with children to

whom a large camera is a new and often terrifying mechanism.

Theatric photographing is also a profitable business, as stars must have

new pictures taken frequently and must hand them out in large numbers to

their fans.

A newer form of photography for women is taking moving pictures. This

science has developed remarkably in the last decade; there are thousands

of facts to know about it. Women have assisted in this field for some

time, and a few individuals have attained executive jobs. It is a

perfectly possible profession for women.

(75.) _Playwright._ Like writing novels, the fashioning of plays is a

splendid avocation until one’s reputation is established. The world of

the theater is ever uncertain, always astonishing in its developments.

Even the success of a play can be forecast by none. Many, many plays are

accepted, produced, and then they fail. This means no or small royalty

for the author.

Women succeed in play-writing just as well as men do. There have been

many outstanding hits in the theatre world which have been written by

women.

The writing of vaudeville skits can be a remunerative business, although

there are pitfalls to be noted. It is better to sell a vaudeville act

outright for cash than on a royalty basis unless the act happens to be

very well known and established. The woman ambitious to write vaudeville

acts should go ahead and advertise in some of the vaudeville magazines.

A vaudeville act should sell for $100 and up.

(76.) _Politician._ Women have always been politicians, in their own

way, even before they obtained suffrage. Now many women take politics

seriously, manage campaigns, run for offices themselves, and serve on

committees.

There is always work to be done in the political parties, and no woman

of some intelligence and application will find it difficult to get a

humble entree into the political arena. Her first task will be

electioneering. Then she may be appointed to some committee. The

majority of these jobs are not paid.

In political organizations there are paid positions which are not

political graft jobs. The League of Women Voters employs a force of

women, although their task is informative rather than propagandic.

(77.) _Printer._ Printing is one of the master trades today in this

world of the written word. There are a considerable number of women who

are in the printing business for themselves. There are others who work

at the trade, belong to the union, and do well in their jobs. One woman

runs the printing shop on a large ship; she prepares the menus, printed

bulletins, etc., which are issued by this floating city.

Printing is tremendously important to advertising. The printer of

tomorrow must understand lay-out, typography in its relation to

business, and must have an esthetic sense. It would seem that women

would fit into this scheme admirably. Formerly not so much appearance as

context mattered in an advertisement; today each has equal importance.

Women printers receive the same wages as men printers do. This varies

somewhat as to locale, but wages are generally good ranging from $5 to

$10 a day.

(78.) _Proofreader._ Publishers, printers, newspapers, and advertising

departments need proofreaders to see that printed matter is presented

correctly. Proofreaders compare the printed proofs with original copy

and make corrections which are needed. Proofreaders must have an

accurate knowledge of spelling, grammar, and all rhetorical uses.

Proofreading is an excellent way of learning any of the above-mentioned

businesses. In itself, it is not an occupation with a brilliant future.

Proofreaders earn from $15 to $40 a week. Sometimes the work is of great

interest, and again they may be proofreading long columns of figures,

lists of names, or reports of unoriginal speeches.

(79.) _Psychiatrist._ Psychiatry is the study of the nature and remedy

for mental diseases. Life today is complex and full of nervous and

emotional strain. The need for mental balance is great. The science of

the mind and its emotions has developed rapidly in the last twenty

years.

Psychiatrists may be doctors, nurses, or social workers. They help the

individual to adjust himself to his environment. Women have entered this

new calling extensively. There is a psychiatric school at Smith College

every summer for young women who intend to go into the field of

psychiatric social work.

One of the interesting developments of this new science is the Child

Guidance Clinic. Many cities have them; hospitals find them of great

service. In some cities, the delinquent children are referred from the

juvenile courts to the guidance clinics. The psychiatrists try to

discover the causes for the children’s unsocial actions. Often the

corrective work must be done with the parents. The psychiatrist gets all

the history possible of the case and evolves from that her conclusions.

Some of the larger settlement houses have established psychiatric

clinics, too.

Salaries for trained psychiatrists (not doctors) range from $1,800 to

$4,500 a year.

(80.) _Psycho-Analyst._ The majority of reputable psycho-analysts have

degrees in medicine. Individuals who have a hard time getting along in

the world emotionally have been greatly helped by psycho-analysis. Its

purpose is to overcome complexes, fears, and senses of guilt. Analysis

means a thorough going over of the mind, its associations and its

symbols, and from this analysis the individual emerges a much more

complete person. An analysis takes from two months to a year, depending

upon the mental and emotional state of the individual and upon the

technique of the analyst.

There is one woman physician in New York who is an international

authority on psycho-analysis. She has studied with the leading men in

the field and she meets with excellent results in her work.

Analysts receive from $5 to $40 an hour for their time.

(81.) _Public Health Worker._ A well-informed people is a healthy

people. The spread of the knowledge of hygiene has lessened the death

rate remarkably. People must be taught to care for their bodies.

Governments must know that factories, plants, street cars, theaters, and

all working and gathering places are clean, well-ventilated, and not

harmful for the people who attend them. Child labor must be regulated.

All of this comes under the head of public health work. Almost always

the work is done by the government, but there are also privately endowed

institutions to carry on the purposes of better living.

Public health workers do not receive luxurious salaries. The nurses do

not earn as much as they might in private work. They average from $25 to

$50 a week.

(82.) _Publicity Agent._ Dramas, banks, manufacturing plants, schools,

cities, stores, and even prominent individuals have publicity agents.

With some institutions, like the Rockefeller Institute, the publicity

agents keep the public properly informed of the work they are doing.

With theaters it is for the express purpose of inciting interest which

will make people bring their money to the box office.

Publicity agents gather facts, get them into interesting and presentable

shape, and see that they get into papers and magazines. Journalism is an

excellent training for this type of work. The publicity agent must know

what interests people. Publicity is news. It is not paid advertising.

Publicity agents receive from $35 to $500 a week.

(83.) _Realtor._ Women are engaged in the real estate business in

endless capacities. In the Florida boom many women made and lost as much

as any of the men promoters. Women sell real estate, act as brokers,

serve as agents, make leases, and handle collections of rents. In New

York many women rent whole apartment houses and sublet apartments.

In selling a house, a woman has an advantage over a man. She can explain

to another woman, probably the housewife who will reside in the new

home, all the advantages of the domestic architecture, the school

conditions for the children, and other kindred feminine questions.

The income of women realtors varies greatly because much of the work is

done on a commission basis.

(84.) _Religious Worker._ Churches today have efficient, business-like

organizations and employ trained people to carry on work. Pastors of

large congregations have secretaries, social workers, and other

assistants.

In this modern time, too, women are becoming ministers of the gospel in

some denominations. They are also following evangelical work, carrying

on revival meetings, leading music for camp meetings. Some of the

outstanding sky pilots of the day are girls and women.

The tendency today is to make the church a social center, too, where

young people can enjoy healthy fun. Librarians and recreational

directors are employed.

Since churches are notably poor financially and since the work is

supposed to have spiritual recompense, salaries to workers are rather

small. They would average from $40 to $150 a month.

(85.) _Saleswoman._ The more unusual types of sales positions will be

mentioned here. The position of saleswoman in a store is all right if

used for experience; buyers are selected from sales persons of

recognized ability.

Women have made big strides in the business of selling stocks and bonds.

They not only sell to other women but to men and business organizations.

Investors are turning to bonds now as never before and cities all over

the United States are harboring bond houses.

Women make good automobile sales records. They demonstrate the car, talk

over its mechanical points, and finally hand over the dotted line.

As much selling is done on commission, the salaries paid depend entirely

upon the individual.

(86.) _Secretary._ Big business men must have their secretaries to whom

they dictate letters sometimes, and whose business it is to be the

biggest possible help to their employers. Sometimes secretaries know a

vast amount about a man’s business and personal affairs; therefore she

must be trustworthy. A secretary evolves usually from a stenographer.

There are secretarial schools, too, which teach splendid courses. A

secretary must have a neat appearance, must have good sense, and must be

able to meet people. She sees almost all of the callers who want to see

her employer. Often she must judge the importance of their business. She

is there to save her employer’s time. Secretaries receive from $25 to

$100 a week.

Another branch of this work is that of the social secretary. She attends

to the details of the social life of some woman. This woman may just be

trying to get into so-called society or she may actually need some one

to take care of her engagement book, send out invitations for affairs,

and do miscellaneous errands and tasks for her. Social secretaries must

possess rare tact. They usually are girls or women who have once held

enviable social positions but who have been forced to earn their own

livings. Their salaries range from $60 to $175 a month. In some cases

they live in the home whose social activities they regulate.

(87.) _Settlement Worker._ Most cities have community houses where the

children and adults can gather for recreation and for education. Club

rooms, swimming pools, libraries, gymnasiums, and classes in cultural

and occupational subjects are maintained. These are generally for the

poorer people.

The settlements have resident workers who live in the house. They direct

the children, teach the sports, and supervise all the activities

generally. Settlement workers must be sympathetic, sane-minded, and

cheerful. They must be able to see above the horizon to a day when all

peoples will be wise and clean! For the teaching of personal hygiene is

one of the great tasks of the settlement worker. Resident members of a

settlement house receive from $80 to $150 a month.

(88.) _Silversmith._ Individuality in jewelry is considered highly

desirable. Today hand-made jewelry is at a premium. Artistically

inclined young women have taken up the study of delicate metal work and

they turn out beautiful pieces of work. Odd pins, wondrous rings, daring

earrings, gorgeous bracelets emerge from their work tables.

Jewelry designing is also a good profession. Every year hundreds of

novelties are brought out, and these have been conceived by some

designer. Women find interest and good pay in this branch of the art

known as that of the silversmith.

(89.) _Social Service Worker._ All work for organized charities comes

under this head. So do other occupations already described, such as

settlement work, public health work, certain phases of psychiatry, etc.

Charitable organizations employ numbers of case workers who investigate

home and working conditions of people who come to them for help. Case

histories are taken, giving the parentage of the people in question, and

quite a cross-section of their own histories. Their health, their

working conditions, their living conditions, and all of their

environment are surveyed. The present idea of charitable work is not to

give people help except in dire necessity, but to assist them to stand

on their own feet. Education is the greatest work for the poor and the

unfortunate.

Case workers are paid from $60 to $150 a month.

(90.) _Statistician._ It is good business to keep accurate records. The

future can only be interpreted in the light of the past, and figures,

not impressions or personal convictions, tell the truth. How many pairs

of gloves, for example, did a department sell? A guess is not at all

valuable.

In organizations of size, statisticians are employed. They compile

figures and often help in the conclusions drawn from the figures. In

science, too, statisticians are valuable. Statistics will be the basis

of historical content and interpretation in the future.

Statisticians should be well trained in mathematics and in economics.

Women are equally as successful as men in this field. The pay for

statistical work varies from $18 to $75 a week.

(91.) _Stenographer._ Many girls study stenography as a foundation for a

business career. Provided a girl does not know what type of work she

wishes to do, this is commendable. If she knows what interests her most

and if she feels she has the ability to do it, it is better for her to

get actual experience in the work she is going to do. If shorthand and

typing will not be necessary for that work, it seems a waste of time and

effort to learn these mechanics which will not prove of practical value.

One excellent feature about stenography is that a woman rarely has a

very difficult time getting a position doing that work. In the rarer and

more interesting positions, jobs are fewer and a wait is often required

before one lands just the right thing.

Two high type varieties of stenography are court reporting and public

work. The girl who is a public stenographer is in business for herself.

She can work up a nice future, hiring others to do work which she cannot

handle. Court reporting requires great speed, accuracy, and a knowledge

of legal terminology.

Stenographers average from $12 to $100 a week; the latter pertains to

court reporters and other experts.

(92.) _Stylist._ Stylists see all the new fashions in apparel and

forecast for the benefit of buyers and shop owners just what will be new

and popular. They receive salaries from stores and shops. It is their

work to see what smart people are wearing, to know what the most

distinctive shops are offering, and to tell what is in good taste and

what is salable. The more important stylists go abroad for the Paris

openings. They assist buyers by advising them of style desirability.

Stylists often assemble correct accessories for certain dresses or

coats. They often attend to the style shows which the majority of stores

give every season.

Stylists must know merchandise. They must recognize what fashions will

meet with popular approval, and they must always be very well-dressed

themselves.

Stylists receive from $25 to $150 a week.

(93.) _Teacher._ The day is now gone when any girl who wanted to earn

her own living had to be a school ma’am. Teaching should be a chosen

calling, nothing else. Only when a woman feels a great urge to teach

should she enter this profession. Too many temperamentally unfit women

have assumed the truly sacred task of teaching children and youths.

Preparation for teaching is vastly better in the present colleges and

universities which have whole staffs of scholars in educational

departments.

Another form of teaching is tutoring. This can be done in part time.

Young people need to have special lessons in subjects which are

difficult for them, and also for college entrance examinations. Tutors

are paid from 50c to $4 an hour.

Not as many families as formerly have governesses nowadays. A governess

does not occupy a very exalted position; she is likely to be treated as

a high class servant. Still, for families which travel, governesses are

necessary. Girls who take these positions have a chance to see some of

the large and inviting world. Governesses receive from $60 to $150 a

month, plus, of course, their rooms and food.

Teachers in grade schools receive from $75 to $250 a month. High school

teachers receive slightly more. College teachers are variously paid,

ranging from $1,200 to $5,000 a year.

Teachers in private schools come into more social contact with the

students and lead a more personal type of school life.

(94.) _Tea Room Manager._ Americans have adopted the idea of informal

dining, and our highways and byways are dotted with interesting little

tea rooms. Stores maintain them and they prove popular with customers.

The old idea was that anyone could manage a tea room. This has proved

erroneous. Like everything else, this vocation requires training. New

York and other large cities have schools which teach the financial,

dietetic, and atmosphere principles which govern the successful tea

room. Girls who are going to open tea shops for themselves enter. So do

girls who want to obtain positions running tea shops for others. Part of

the course is laboratory work, or actual experience in tea rooms. The

other part consists of lectures, discussions, and directed reading in

kindred subjects.

Girls and women who are tea room managers receive from $25 to $75 a week

salary.

(95.) _Title Examiner._ In every real estate deal, title must be given

to the property transacted. This usually consists of an abstract,

brought to date, and a deed. The abstract, of course, must tell the

entire history of the property and show tax payments. All of this

requires considerable investigation and work. It is a combined

specialization of real estate and legal knowledge. A clever girl could

work herself up to this position of title examiner by learning all the

salient facts in the matter. Title examiners for realty companies are

quite well paid, averaging from $25 to $65 a week.

(96.) _Translator._ Rapid communication and easy transportation have

made the whole world kin. Today there is a vast net of business

transactions between the countries of the world. That necessitates a

facility with different languages. A translator can have a position as a

stenographer or a more important position in which she figures in the

policy of her company. Her knowledge of a certain foreign language will

make her valuable. Most banks employ translators. Commercial translators

find in their pay envelopes from $25 to $50 a week.

(97.) _Undertaker._ The more dignified term is mortician. Women have

received certificates as embalmers and almost every city has at least

one undertaking establishment owned by a woman. It is a little

impossible to conceive of the young girl choosing this depressing

vocation; still, the work is certainly one in which kindness and

sympathy can be used.

(98.) _Vocational Guide._ Here is a truly twentieth century profession!

The realization that every person should be equipped to earn his own

living makes the matter of choosing a vocation an important step. Many

people do work which they cannot enjoy; consequently, they do not

succeed as well as they might if they were in some more congenial type

of employment.

A vocational director helps people to choose occupations for which they

are best fitted. Some colleges have these directors who talk over the

various professional possibilities with the students and help them to

select courses of study which will contribute the most to the end in

view. This important work will be more developed in the future, and

settlement houses will doubtlessly have vocational directors, too.

These professional women receive from $2,400 to $5,000 a year.

(99.) _Waitress._ Here is another trade which almost always offers

openings to relatively untrained workers. It is perfectly all right for

girls and women to do this work, and as honest labor it commands dignity

and respect, but it is not to be considered as a permanent occupation.

It might prove extremely valuable experience for someone who planned to

open a tea room. Waitresses in high class cafes make pretty good money

in tips. They are paid very low salaries. Of course, they receive one or

two meals a day depending upon the length of time they work. $12 to $50

a week is the average earning of a waitress.

(100.) _X-ray-Operator._ The use of the X-ray for examination of the

bone and tissue structures of teeth and other parts of the body has

brought a new profession to women, that of operating the machine and

developing the plates.

The machine is not tremendously difficult to operate, but it requires

great accuracy and dependability. It is rather interesting work for a

girl. She has the pleasing environment of a doctor’s office or of a

laboratory or clinic. Her work is with human beings and she is assisting

to better them physically.

X-ray operators receive from $20 to $50 a week, depending upon their

skill and experience.

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