U.S.P._--Oil of spearmint (10%), colored with spearmint, in alcohol.
Absolute alcohol content about 85 per cent.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.)
=*Oleum Morrhuae (Ol. Morrh.), Cod Liver Oil, U.S.P.= (Oleum Jecoris
Aselli).--A fixed oil.
ACTION AND USES: Generally considered to be a food
rather than a medicine. Its value depends probably entirely
on its nutritive property. Preferably administered as such
or in the form of recently prepared emulsions.
DOSAGE: 10 Cc. or 2-1/2 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).
_Emulsum Olei Morrhuae (Emuls. Ol. Morrh.), Emulsion of Cod Liver Oil,
U.S.P._--Cod liver oil (50%) with acacia, syrup, methyl salicylate and
water. Other flavors may be substituted for the methyl salicylate.
DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).
_Emulsum Olei Morrhuae cum Calcii Lactophosphate (Emul. Ol. Morrh. c.
Calc. Lactophos.), Emulsion of Cod Liver Oil with Calcium
Lactophosphate, N.F._--Cod liver oil (50%), calcium lactophosphate (5%),
lactic acid, acacia, syrup of Tolu and water.
DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (N.F.).
_Emulsum Olei Morrhuae cum Calcii Phosphate (Emul. Ol. Morrh. c. Calc.
Phos.), Emulsion of Cod Liver Oil with Calcium Phosphate, N.F._
(Emulsion of Cod Liver Oil with Phosphate of Lime).--Cod liver oil
(50%), precipitated calcium phosphate (3.5%), syrup of Tolu, acacia and
water.
DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (N.F.).
_Emulsum Olei Morrhuae cum Hypophosphitibus (Emul. Ol. Morrh. c.
Hypophos.), Emulsion of Cod Liver Oil with Hypophosphites, N.F._--Cod
liver oil (50%), calcium hypophosphite (1%), potassium hypophosphite and
sodium hypophosphite (each 0.5%), acacia, syrup and water.
DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).
_Emulsum Olei Morrhuae cum Malto (Emul. Ol. Morrh. c. Malt.), Emulsion
of Cod Liver Oil with Malt, N.F._--Cod liver oil (30%), extract of malt
(about 55%), tragacanth and water.
DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (N.F.).
_Emulsum Olei Morrhuae cum Pruno Virginiana (Emul. Ol. Morrh. c. Prun.
Virg.), Emulsion of Cod Liver Oil with Wild Cherry, N.F._--Cod liver oil
(50%), fluidextract of wild cherry (6.5%), acacia, syrup of Tolu and
water.
DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (N.F.).
_Emulsum Olei Morrhuae cum Vitello (Emul. Ol. Morrh. c. Vitel.),
Emulsion of Cod Liver Oil with Egg, N.F._--Cod liver oil (50%),
glycerite of yolk of egg, syrup of Tolu and water.
DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (N.F.).
=Oleum Myrciae (Ol. Myrc.), Oil of Myrcia, N.F.= (Oil of Bay).--A
volatile oil.
Nearly insoluble in water; soluble in alcohol.
ACTION AND USES: Aromatizing agent used in bay-rum.
_Spiritus Myrciae Compositus (Sp. Myrciae Co.), Compound Spirit of
Myrcia, N.F._--Oils of myrcia, orange, pimenta, alcohol and water.
Absolute alcohol content about 58 per cent.
USES: Perfume and stimulant to the skin.
=Oleum Myristicae (Ol. Myrist.), Oil of Myristica, U.S.P.= (Myristica
Oil, Oil of Nutmeg).--A volatile oil.
Nearly insoluble in water; soluble in alcohol.
ACTION AND USES: Aromatic flavor and carminative.
DOSAGE: 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims (U.S.P.).
=Oleum Olivae (Ol. Oliv.), Olive Oil, U.S.P.=--A fixed oil.
ACTION AND USES: Emollient, laxative and nutrient.
DOSAGE: 30 Cc. or 1 fluidounce (U.S.P.).
=Oleum Picis Liquidae Rectificatum (Ol. Pic. Liq. Rect.), Rectified Oil
of Tar, U.S.P.= (Oleum Picis Liquidae, U.S.P. VIII, Rectified Tar
Oil).--A volatile oil.
Nearly insoluble in water; soluble in alcohol.
ACTION AND USES: Externally antiseptic, irritant and
parasiticide; used in skin diseases.
DOSAGE: Internally, 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims (U.S.P.).
_Mistura Olei Picis (Mist. Ol. Pic.), Mixture of Oil of Tar, N.F._
(Mistura Picis Liquidae, Tar Mixture).--Rectified oil of tar (3.5%) and
chloroform (1%), with pure extract of glycyrrhiza, sugar and oil of
peppermint in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 16 per
cent.
USES: Complex, disagreeable expectorant.
DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).
_Petroxolinum Picis (Petrox. Pic.), Tar Petroxolin, N.F._ (Tar
Petrox).--Rectified oil of tar (25%) in liquid petroxolin.
_Unguentum Picis Compositum (Ung. Pic. Co.), Compound Tar Ointment,
N.F._--Rectified oil of tar (4%), zinc oxide (3%), and tincture of
benzoin in yellow wax, lard and cottonseed oil.
=Oleum Pimentae (Ol. Piment.), Oil of Pimenta, U.S.P.= (Pimento Oil, Oil
of Allspice).--A volatile oil.
Nearly insoluble in water; soluble in alcohol.
ACTION AND USES: Flavoring agent and carminative.
DOSAGE: 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims (U.S.P.).
=Oleum Pini Pumilionis (Ol. Pin. Pumil.), Oil of Dwarf Pine Needles,
U.S.P.= (Dwarf Pine Oil).--A volatile oil.
Nearly insoluble in water; soluble in alcohol.
ACTION AND USES: More aromatic than oil of turpentine,
and used as an inhalation in catarrh of the respiratory
passages.
=*Oleum Ricini (Ol. Ricin.), Castor Oil, U.S.P.=--A fixed oil.
Soluble in equal parts of alcohol.
ACTION AND USES: Effective and prompt cathartic, but
likely to be followed by constipation and therefore not indicated
in chronic constipation. Useful as an initial purge
in acute diarrheas.
DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).
_Emulsum Olei Ricini (Emul. Ol. Ricin.), Emulsion of Castor Oil,
N.F._--Castor oil (35%), with acacia, flavored with tincture of vanilla,
in syrup and water.
USES: Renders castor oil somewhat less disagreeable.
DOSAGE: 45 Cc. or 1-1/2 fluidounces (N.F.).
_Oleum Ricini Aromaticum (Ol. Ricin. Arom.), Aromatic Castor Oil,
N.F._--Castor oil flavored with benzosulphinide, oil of cinnamon, oil of
clove, vanillin and coumarin.
USES: A partly successful attempt to render castor oil
less disagreeable.
DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (N.F.).
=Oleum Rosmarini (Ol. Rosmar.), Oil of Rosemary, U.S.P.= (Rosemary
Oil).--A volatile oil.
Nearly insoluble in water; soluble in alcohol.
ACTION AND USES: Aromatic flavor and carminative.
DOSAGE: 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims (U.S.P.).
=*Oleum Santali (Ol. Santal.), Oil of Santal, U.S.P.= (Santalwood Oil,
Oil of Sandalwood).--A volatile oil.
Nearly insoluble in water; soluble in alcohol.
ACTION AND USES: Urinary disinfectant and stimulant.
Used in subacute stages of cystitis and gonorrhea.
DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (U.S.P.), preferably in
capsules.
=Oleum Sassafras (Ol. Sassaf.), Oil of Sassafras, U.S.P.= (Sassafras
Oil).--A volatile oil.
Nearly insoluble in water; soluble in alcohol.
ACTION AND USES: Flavor; used externally as rubefacient
counterirritant.
=Oleum Sesami (Ol. Sesam.), Sesame Oil, U.S.P.= (Teel Oil, Benne
Oil).--A fixed oil.
ACTION AND USES: Emollient, used as substitute for olive
oil.
=*Oleum Sinapis Volatile (Ol. Sinap. Vol.), Volatile Oil of Mustard,
U.S.P.= (Mustard Oil).--Produced synthetically or from black mustard
seed.
Nearly insoluble in water; soluble in alcohol.
ACTION AND USES: Powerful irritant and rapid vesicant;
employed as counterirritant dissolved in alcohol or fixed
oils.
_Linimentum Sinapis Compositum (Lin. Sinap. Co.), Compound Liniment of
Mustard, N.F._--Volatile oil of mustard (3%), fluidextract of mezereum
(20%) and camphor (6%) in castor oil and alcohol.
USES: Complex and antiquated counterirritant.
_Spiritus Sinapis (Sp. Sinap.), Spirit of Mustard, N.F._--Volatile oil
of mustard (2%) in alcohol.
USES: Rubefacient.
=*Oleum Terebinthinae (Ol. Tereb.), Oil of Turpentine, U.S.P.=
(Turpentine Oil, "Spirits of Turpentine").--A volatile oil obtained from
the oleoresin of pine wood (turpentine).
Nearly insoluble in water; soluble in alcohol.
ACTION AND USES: Applied externally, rubefacient and
counterirritant. For internal use, see Oleum Terebinthinae
Rectificatum, below.
_Oleum Terebinthinae Rectificatum (Ol. Tereb. Rect.), Rectified Oil of
Turpentine, U.S.P._ (Rectified Turpentine Oil).--Redistilled oil of
turpentine.
USES: Antiseptic, anthelmintic, diuretic and carminative.
Used to relieve tympanites.
DOSAGE: 0.3 Cc. or 5 minims (U.S.P.).
_Emulsum Olei Terebinthinae (Emuls. Ol. Tereb.), Emulsion of Oil of
Turpentine, U.S.P._--Rectified oil of turpentine (15%) with expressed
oil of almond, syrup, acacia and water.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 1/2 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).
_Linimentum Terebinthinae (Lin. Terebinth.), Turpentine Liniment,
U.S.P._ (Kentish's Ointment).--Rosin cerate (65%) in oil of turpentine.
_Linimentum Terebinthinae Aceticum (Lin. Terebinth. Acet.), Acetic
Turpentine Liniment, N.F._ (Linimentum Album, Stokes' Liniment, St. John
Long's Liniment).--Oil of turpentine (40%) and acetic acid (8%) with oil
of lemon, fresh egg and rose water.
=*Oleum Theobromatis (Ol. Theobrom.), Oil of Theobroma, U.S.P.= (Butter
of Cacao, Cacao Butter).--A solid fixed oil.
Melts at body temperature.
ACTION AND USES: Used principally in suppositories,
etc.; sometimes in emollient ointments and as a lubricant
in massage.
=Oleum Thymi (Ol. Thymi), Oil of Thyme, U.S.P.= (Thyme Oil).--A volatile
oil.
Nearly insoluble in water; soluble in alcohol.
ACTION AND USES: Rubefacient and counterirritant;
usually applied as a liniment, diluted with a fixed oil or
the well-known soap liniment. Internally, carminative but
now seldom used.
DOSAGE: 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims (U.S.P.).
=*Oleum Tiglii (Ol. Tiglii), Croton Oil, U.S.P.=--A fixed oil.
ACTION AND USES: Very powerful cathartic and gastric
and intestinal irritant, frequently causing violent vomiting
and purging, sometimes followed by collapse. Externally,
rubefacient and vesicant.
DOSAGE: 0.05 Cc. or 1 minim (U.S.P.). Preferably
administered in drop doses on sugar or in a pill with
bread or other absorbent.
_Collodium Tiglii (Collod. Tiglii), Croton Oil Collodion, N.F._--Croton
oil (10%) and flexible collodion.
USES: There is no advantage in applying croton oil with
collodion.
_Linimentum Tiglii (Lin. Tiglii), Liniment of Croton Oil, N.F._
(Linimentum Crotonis).--Croton oil (13%), oil of cajuput, and alcohol.
_Linimentum Tiglii Compositum (Lin. Tiglii Co.), Compound Croton Oil
Liniment, N.F._--Croton oil, oil of sassafras and oil of turpentine
(each 20%) and olive oil.
=*Opium (Opium), Opium, U.S.P.=--The dried juice of the opium poppy.
Yields not less than 9.5 per cent. of anhydrous morphine.
ACTION AND USES: Like those of morphine, but opium is absorbed more
slowly, and is generally preferred in the treatment of the
gastro-intestinal tract, especially for the purpose of checking
diarrhea. It is ineffective for external or local application, because
the opium alkaloids are not absorbed to any appreciable extent through
the unbroken skin.
The routine use of complicated mixtures containing opiates deserves
condemnation, since opium should not be prescribed unless it is
adapted to the conditions of the individual patient.
DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.).
_Acetum Opii (Acet. Opii), Vinegar of Opium, N.F._--Opium (10%) in
diluted acetic acid, flavored with nutmeg and sugar.
USES: An obsolete and superfluous preparation.
DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (U.S.P.).
_*Extractum Opii (Ext. Opii), Extract of Opium, U.S.P._ (Powdered
Extract of Opium, Opii Extractum, P.I.).--One Gm. extract represents
about 2 Gm. opium. Yields about 20 per cent. of anhydrous morphine.
DOSAGE: 0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain (U.S.P.).
_Linimentum Opii Compositum (Lin. Opii Co.), Compound Liniment of Opium,
N.F._ (Canada Liniment).--Tincture of opium (10%), camphor (1.75%), oil
of peppermint (2.5%) in alcohol, fresh egg albumen, ammonia water and
oil of turpentine. Absolute alcohol content about 28 per cent.
USES: Irrational opium preparation.
_Mistura Camphorae Acida (Mist. Camph. Acid.), Acid Camphor Mixture,
N.F._ (Mistura Antidysenterica, Hope's Mixture).--Tincture of opium
(1.2%) and nitric acid (1.75%) in camphor water.
USES: Against diarrhea.
DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).
_Mistura Carminativa (Mist. Carminat.), Carminative Mixture, N.F._
(Dalby's Carminative).--Tincture of opium (2.5%), magnesium carbonate
(6.5%), potassium carbonate (0.3%), with oils of caraway, fennel and
peppermint in syrup and water.
USES: Against colic.
DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (N.F.).
_Mistura Glycyrrhizae Composita (Mist. Glycyrrh. Co.), Compound Mixture
of Glycyrrhiza, U.S.P._ (Brown Mixture).--Camphorated tincture of opium
(12%), antimony and potassium tartrate (0.024%), with pure extract of
glycyrrhiza, syrup, acacia and spirit of nitrous ether in water.
Absolute alcohol content about 8 per cent.
USES: A misnamed but popular expectorant, efficient
mainly through its opium and antimony.
DOSAGE: 10 Cc. or 2-1/2 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).
_Mistura Opii et Chloroformi Composita (Mist. Opii et Chlorof. Co.),
Compound Mixture of Opium and Chloroform, N.F._ (Squibb's Diarrhea
Mixture).--Tincture of opium (20%), spirit of camphor (20%), tincture of
capsicum (10%), chloroform (8%) and alcohol. Absolute alcohol content
about 75 per cent.
USES: Against diarrhea.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
_Mistura Opii et Rhei Composita (Mist. Opii et Rhei Co.), Compound
Mixture of Opium and Rhubarb, N.F._ (Sun Cholera Mixture).--Tincture of
opium (20%), tincture of rhubarb (10%), tincture of capsicum (10%),
spirit of camphor (20%), spirit of peppermint and alcohol. Absolute
alcohol content about 78 per cent.
USES: Against diarrhea.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
_Mistura Opii et Sassafras (Mist. Opii et Sassaf.), Mixture of Opium and
Sassafras, N.F._ (Mistura Sassafras et Opii, N.F. III, Mistura Opii
Alkalina, Godfrey's Cordial).--Tincture of opium (3.5%) and oil of
sassafras (0.1%) with alcohol and potassium carbonate in syrup and
water. Absolute alcohol content about 6.5 per cent.
USES: Sedative.
DOSAGE: Infants, 0.3 Cc. or 5 minims (N.F.).
_*Opii Pulvis (Opii Pulv.), Powdered Opium, U.S.P._ (Opii Pulvis,
P.I.).--Contains about 10.25 per cent. of anhydrous morphine.
DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.).
_Opium Deodoratum (Opium Deod.), Deodorized Opium, U.S.P._--Opium
extracted with benzin. Yields about 10.25 per cent. of anhydrous
morphine.
DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.).
_Opium Granulatum (Opium Gran.), Granulated Opium, U.S.P._--Yields about
10.25 per cent. of anhydrous morphine.
DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.).
_Pilulae Opii, Digitalis et Quininae (Pil. Opii Digit. et Quin.), Pills
of Opium, Digitalis and Quinine, N.F._ (Niemeyer Pills for
Phthisis).--Each pill contains powdered opium (0.01 Gm. or 1/6 grain),
digitalis and quinine sulphate (each 0.065 Gm. or 1 grain) with
clarified honey.
DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.).
_Pilulae Opii et Camphorae (Pil. Opii et Camph.), Pills of Opium and
Camphor, N.F._--Each pill contains powdered opium (0.065 Gm. or 1 grain)
and camphor (0.13 Gm. or 2 grains) with clarified honey.
DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.).
_Pilulae Opii et Plumbi (Pil. Opii et Plumb.), Pills of Opium and Lead,
N.F._--Each pill contains powdered opium and lead acetate (each 0.065
Gm. or 1 grain) with clarified honey.
USES: Constipative. The internal use of lead is rarely
advisable.
DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.).
_Pulvis Cretae et Opii Aromaticus (Pulv. Cret. et Opii Arom.), Aromatic
Powder of Chalk and Opium, N.F._--Powdered opium (2.5%) and aromatic
powder of chalk.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).
_*Pulvis Ipecacuanhae et Opii (Pulv. Ipecac. et Opii), Powder of Ipecac
and Opium, U.S.P._ (Compound Powder of Ipecac, Dover's Powder, Opii et
Ipecacuanhae Pulvis Compositus, P.I.).--Powdered opium and ipecac (each
10%) with sugar of milk.
USES: Especially as diaphoretic in incipient colds.
DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.).
_Syrupus Ipecacuanhae et Opii (Syr. Ipecac. et Opii), Syrup of Ipecac
and Opium, N.F._ (Syrup of Dover's Powder).--Tincture of ipecac and
opium (8.5%) flavored with spirit of cinnamon and cinnamon water in
syrup.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
_Tinctura Ipecacuanhae et Opii (Tr. Ipecac. et Opii), Tincture of Ipecac
and Opium, N.F._ (Tincture of Dover's Powder).--Tincture of deodorized
opium (100%) and fluidextract of ipecac (10%) in diluted alcohol.
Absolute alcohol content about 15 per cent.
DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (N.F.).
_*Tinctura Opii (Tr. Opii), Tincture of Opium, U.S.P._ (Laudanum, Opii
Tinctura, P.I.).--Granulated opium (10%) yielding about 1 per cent. of
anhydrous morphine in diluted alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 46
per cent.
DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims.
_*Tinctura Opii Camphorata (Tr. Opii Camph.), Camphorated Tincture of
Opium, U.S.P._ (Paregoric, Opii Tinctura Benzoici P.I.).--Powdered opium
and camphor (each 0.4%), benzoic acid, oil of anise and glycerin in
diluted alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 46 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).
_Tinctura Opii Crocata (Tr. Opii Crocat.), Tincture of Opium with
Saffron, N.F._ (Sydenham's Laudanum, Tinctura Opii Crocata,
P.I.).--Granulated opium (10%) with saffron, Saigon cinnamon and clove
in diluted alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 45 per cent.
DOSAGE: 0.6 Cc. or 10 minims (N.F.).
_*Tinctura Opii Deodorati (Tr. Opii Deod.), Tincture of Deodorized
Opium, U.S.P._--Opium (10%, a purified or deodorized aqueous extract
yielding about 1% anhydrous morphine), in alcohol and water. Absolute
alcohol content about 19 per cent.
DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (U.S.P.).
_Tinctura Pectoralis (Tr. Pectoral.), Pectoral Tincture, N.F._ (Guttae
Pectorales, Pectoral Drops, Bateman's Pectoral Drops).--Opium (0.4%),
gambir (about 0.3%), camphor (0.4%), with oil of anise and caramel in
diluted alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 50 per cent.
DOSAGE: 0.6 Cc. or 10 minims (N.F.).
=Ovi Albumen Recens (Ovi Album.), Fresh Egg Albumen, N.F.=
ACTION AND USES: Used in pharmacy.
=Ovi Vitellum Recens (Ovi Vitel.), Fresh Egg Yolk, N.F.=
ACTION AND USES: Emulsifying agent.
_Glyceritum Vitelli (Glycer. Vitell.), Glycerite of Egg Yolk, N.F._
(Glyconin).--Fresh yolk of egg and glycerin.
=Ovum Gallinaceum (Ovum Gallin.), Fresh Egg, N.F.=
ACTION AND USES: Used in pharmaceutical preparations.
=*Oxygenium (Oxygen.), Oxygen, U.S.P.=
ACTION AND USES: Inhaled for relief of asphyxia, carbon
monoxide poisoning, etc.
=*Pancreatinum (Pancreat.), Pancreatin, U.S.P.=--Contains enzymes from
the pancreas of the hog or beef, principally amylopsin, trypsin and
steapsin. Converts not less than 25 per cent. of its own weight of
starch into sugars.
A cream-colored powder with a faint odor.
ACTION AND USES: Chiefly for the predigestion of protein
and starchy foods. Incompatible with acids and is
therefore destroyed by the action of normal gastric juice.
Occasionally used to assist gastric digestion in achlorhydria
but the administration of dilute hydrochloric acid
seems preferable. When the pancreatic juice is absent
pancreatin may be given in salol-coated pills.
DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.).
_Liquor Pancreatini (Liq. Pancreat.), Solution of Pancreatin, N.F._
(Liquor Pancreaticus, N.F. III, Pancreatic Solution).--Pancreatin
(1.75%), sodium bicarbonate (5%), with compound spirit of cardamom,
sodium chloride and chloroform in alcohol, glycerin and water. Absolute
alcohol content about 6 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
_Pulvis Pancreatini Compositus (Pulv. Pancreat. Co.), Compound
Pancreatin Powder, N.F._ (Pulvis Pancreaticus Compositus, N.F. III,
Peptonizing Powder).--Pancreatin (20%) and sodium bicarbonate.
USES: Predigestion of milk.
=Papaveris Fructus (Papav. Fruct.), Poppy Capsules, N.F.=--Fully grown
unripe poppy heads.
ACTION AND USES: Weak and unreliable opiate.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).
_Syrupus Papaveris (Syr. Papaver.), Syrup of Poppy, N.F._--Poppy
capsules (10%) in syrup.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
=Paracoto (Paracot.), Paracoto, N.F.=--Bark of an unidentified tree.
ACTION AND USES: At one time used in diarrhea. The
identity of the drug is uncertain and there is no scientific
evidence for its value; hence it is now little used.
DOSAGE: 0.3 Gm. or 5 grains (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Paracoto (Fldext. Paracot.), Fluidextract of Paracoto,
N.F._ (Fluidextractum Coto, N.F. III).--Paracoto (100%). Absolute
alcohol content about 75 per cent.
DOSAGE: 0.3 Cc. or 5 minims (N.F.).
_Tinctura Paracoto (Tr. Paracoto), Tincture of Paracoto, N.F._ (Tinctura
Coto, N.F. III).--Paracoto (12.5%) in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content
about 90 per cent.
USES: Antidiarrheic, of doubtful efficacy.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
=*Paraffinum (Paraff.), Paraffin, U.S.P.=--A purified mixture of solid
hydrocarbons, usually obtained from petroleum.
A white, waxy, odorless and tasteless solid, greasy to the touch,
melting between 50 and 57 C.
ACTION AND USES: Used in surgery for prosthetic purposes
and in pharmacy for raising the melting point of
ointments and similar products.
=Paraformaldehydum (Paraform.), Paraformaldehyde, U.S.P.= (Paraform,
Trioxymethylene).--A polymeric form of formaldehyde.
White friable masses or powder with a slight odor of formaldehyde.
Soluble in cold water, insoluble in alcohol or ether.
ACTION AND USES: Employed in place of formaldehyde
to disinfect rooms by vaporization in presence of moisture
(to insure formation of formaldehyde). As it is active
only if decomposed there may be some doubt as to its
efficiency. Internally, it has been used as intestinal antiseptic,
but is probably useless and may be harmful.
=*Paraldehydum (Paraldehyd.), Paraldehyde, U.S.P.=--A polymer of
acetaldehyde.
A colorless liquid, having a strong, characteristic odor and an
extremely unpleasant taste, and producing first a burning and then
a cooling sensation in the mouth. Soluble in water (1:8), and
miscible with alcohol or chloroform.
ACTION AND USES: Prompt and fairly active hypnotic
and sedative devoid of serious side-effects.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.). Best administered
with cracked ice or ice-cold liquids.
=Pareira (Pareira), Pareira, N.F.= (Pareira Brava).--Roots.
ACTION AND USES: Obsolete bitter tonic.
DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Pareirae (Fldext. Pareir.), Fluidextract of Pareira,
N.F._--Pareira (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
=Passiflora (Passiflor.), Passion Flower, N.F.= (Passion Vine).--Dried
herbage.
ACTION AND USES: Exploited by manufacturers of proprietary
remedies for the treatment of insomnia, but
probably inert.
DOSAGE: 0.2 Gm. or 3 grains (N.F.).
_Tinctura Passiflorae (Tr. Passiflor.), Tincture of Passion Flower,
N.F._--Passion flower (20%), in diluted alcohol. Absolute alcohol
content about 45 per cent.
DOSAGE: 0.6 Cc. or 10 minims (N.F.).
=PASTAE DERMATOLOGICAE, DERMATOLOGIC PASTES.=--Dermatologic pastes are
medicaments for external use. They are ointment-like mixtures containing
starch or dextrin with glycerin, soft soap, petrolatum or lard mixed
with some active medicinal agent. For the official dermatologic pastes
see under the names of the principal constituents.
=*Pelletierinae Tannas (Pellet. Tann.), Pelletierine Tannate, U.S.P.=--A
mixture of alkaloids from pomegranate.
A light yellow, odorless powder with an astringent taste. Slightly
soluble in water (1:240) and soluble in alcohol (1:16).
ACTION AND USES: Anthelmintic and teniafuge.
DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.). May be
administered suspended in water. Should be given on an
empty stomach followed after one or two hours by brisk
purging. Not more than 0.3 Gm. or 5 grains should be
given.
=Pepo (Pepo), Pepo, U.S.P.= (Pumpkin Seed).
ACTION AND USES: Domestic anthelmintic; probably
inefficient.
DOSAGE: 30 Gm. or 1 ounce (U.S.P.)
=*Pepsinum (Pepsin.), Pepsin, U.S.P.=--Contains a proteolytic ferment or
enzyme from the stomach of the hog.