Iodine, N.F._--A solution of sodium iodide and ammonium iodide obtained
by mixing iodine and sodium thiosulphate (each 8.3%), stronger ammonia
water (6.5%) and alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 75 per cent.
Does not contain free iodine.
USES: For external use; of doubtful utility.
_Tinctura Iodi Fortior (Tr. Iod. Fort.), Stronger Tincture of Iodine,
N.F._ (Churchill's Tincture of Iodine).--Iodine (16.5%) and potassium
iodide (3.3%) in water and alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 65
per cent.
_Unguentum Iodi (Ung. Iodi), Iodine Ointment, U.S.P._--Iodine (4%) and
potassium iodide (4%) in glycerin and benzoinated lard. Should be made
as required.
=*Ipecacuanha (Ipecac.), Ipecac, U.S.P.= (Ipecacuanhae Radix, P.I.).--A
root, yielding not less than 1.75 per cent. of alkaloids.
ACTION AND USES: Used as irritant, nauseant, expectorant
and emetic. Also specific against amebic dysentery,
but in this use has been practically displaced by emetine.
DOSAGE: Emetic, 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.). Expectorant,
0.06 Gm. or 1 grain.
_*Fluidextractum Ipecacuanhae (Fldext. Ipecac.), Fluidextract of Ipecac,
U.S.P._--Ipecac (100%), yielding about 2 per cent. of alkaloids.
Absolute alcohol content about 30 per cent.
DOSAGE: 0.05 Cc. or 1 minim (U.S.P.).
_Pulvis Ipecacuanhae et Opii._--See under =Opium.=
_*Syrupus Ipecacuanhae (Syr. Ipecac.), Syrup of Ipecac,
U.S.P._--Fluidextract of ipecac (7%) and acetic acid (1%) in glycerin
and syrup.
DOSAGE: Expectorant, 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.);
emetic, 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).
_Syrupus Ipecacuanhae et Opii and Tinctura Ipecacuanhae et Opii._--See
under =Opium.=
_Vinum Ipecacuanhae (Vin. Ipecac.), Wine of Ipecac, N.F._--Fluidextract
of ipecac (10%, yielding about 0.2% ipecac alkaloids) in alcohol and
sherry wine. Absolute alcohol content about 27 per cent.
DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims.
=Iris (Iris), Orris, N.F.= (Orris Root).--Rhizome.
ACTION AND USES: At one time thought to be a mild
digestive stimulant, slightly cathartic and diuretic. Now
employed as dusting powder, tooth powder and perfume.
=Iris Versicolor (Iris Vers.), Blue Flag, N.F.=--Rhizome and roots.
ACTION AND USES: Obsolete cathartic; without advantage
over resin of podophyllum.
DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Iridis Versicoloris (Fldext. Iri. Ver.), Fluidextract of
Blue Flag, N.F._--Blue flag (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 80
per cent.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
=*Jalapa (Jalap.), Jalap, U.S.P.=--A root, yielding not less than 7 per
cent. of resins.
ACTION AND USES: Drastic hydragogue cathartic, used
especially in dropsies. Preferred to other resinous cathartics,
as being rather less irritant.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).
_Extractum Jalapae (Ext. Jalap.), Extract of Jalap, N.F._--An alcoholic
extract.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Jalapae (Fldext. Jalap.), Fluidextract of Jalap,
N.F._--Jalap (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 80 per cent.
DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).
_*Pulvis Jalapae Compositus (Pulv. Jalap. Co.), Compound Powder of
Jalap, U.S.P._ (Pulvis Purgans).--Jalap (35%) and potassium bitartrate
(65%).
USES: Useful hydragogue cathartic.
DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).
_Resina Jalapae (Res. Jalap.), Resin of Jalap, U.S.P._--The resin from
jalap.
DOSAGE: 0.125 Gm. or 2 grains (U.S.P.).
_Tinctura Jalapae (Tr. Jalap.), Tincture of Jalap, N.F._--Jalap (20%),
in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
_Tinctura Jalapae Composita (Tr. Jalap. Co.), Compound Tincture of
Jalap, N.F._--Jalap (12.5%) and resin of scammony (3%), in alcohol and
water. Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
=Juglans (Juglan.), Juglans, N.F.= (Butternut Bark, White Walnut
Bark).--Inner bark of the roots.
ACTION AND USES: Obsolete cathartic, without advantage
over cascara.
DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Juglandis (Fldext. Jugland.), Fluidextract of Juglans,
N.F._--Juglans (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
=Juniperus (Junip.), Juniper Berries, N.F.=--Ripe fruit.
ACTION AND USES: Irritant to urinary organs, owing to
the chief constituent, a volatile oil. The spirit is sometimes
used as an irritant diuretic.
DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Juniperi (Fldext. Junip.), Fluidextract of Juniper
Berries, N.F._--Juniper (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per
cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
=Kaolinum (Kaolinum), Kaolin, N.F.=--Purified native aluminum silicate.
White or nearly white powder or lumps with an earthy taste.
Insoluble in water.
ACTION AND USES: Used in a poultice, cataplasma kaolini,
similar to proprietary preparations. Internally, as absorbent
in diarrhea and dysentery.
DOSAGE: Tablespoonful dry or in tea several times daily.
_Cataplasma Kaolini (Catapl. Kaolin.), Cataplasm of Kaolin, N.F._--A
mixture of kaolin and glycerin with boric acid aromatized with thymol,
methyl salicylate and oil of peppermint.
USES: Not superior to flaxseed or bread-and-milk
poultices.
=Kava (Kava), Kava, N.F.= (Methysticum, Kava Kava).--Rhizome and roots
of _Piper methysticum_.
ACTION AND USES: Mild irritant, without advantage over
cubeb. Often inert. Owes its properties to an oleoresin.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Kavae (Fldext. Kav.), Fluidextract of Kava, N.F._--Kava
(100%). Absolute alcohol content about 50 per cent.
DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).
=Kino (Kino), Kino, U.S.P.=--A dried plant juice.
Dark brown fragments or brick-red powder, odorless and having an
astringent taste. Partly soluble in water.
ACTION AND USES: Used as intestinal and pharyngeal
astringent; has no special advantage over other vegetable
astringents, such as krameria.
DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.).
_Pulvis Kino et Opii Compositus (Pulv. Kino et Opii Co.), Compound
Powder of Kino and Opium, N.F._ (Pulvis Kino Compositus, N.F.
III).--Kino (75%), and powdered opium (5%) with Saigon cinnamon.
USES: Antidiarrheic.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).
_Tinctura Kino (Tr. Kino), Tincture of Kino, U.S.P._--Kino (10%) in
diluted alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 49 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).
_Tinctura Kino et Opii Composita (Tr. Kino et Opii Co.), Compound
Tincture of Kino and Opium, N.F._ (Tinctura Kino Composita, N.F. III,
Compound Tincture of Kino).--Kino (2%), opium (1%), spirit of camphor
(6.5%), oil of clove, cochineal and aromatic spirit of ammonia in
diluted alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 50 per cent.
USES: Antidiarrheic; undesirably complex.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
=Kola (Kola), Kola, N.F.= (Cola, Kola Nuts, Cola Nuts).--The peeled
seeds.
ACTION AND USES: Possesses stimulant actions of its
caffein and theobromin. Without advantage over coffee.
DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Kolae (Fldext. Kol.), Fluidextract of Kola, N.F._
(Fluidextractum Sterculiae, N.F. III).--Kola (100%). Absolute alcohol
content about 55 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
=Krameria (Kramer.), Krameria, N.F.= (Rhatany).--Root.
ACTION AND USES: Powerful astringent; like other
tannin-containing drugs, is rapidly passing out of use.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).
_Extractum Krameriae (Ext. Kramer.), Extract of Krameria, N.F._
(Powdered Extract of Krameria).--An aqueous extract diluted with starch,
1 Gm. representing 4 Gm. krameria.
DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Krameriae (Fldext. Kramer.), Fluidextract of Krameria,
N.F._--Krameria (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).
_Fluidglyceratum Krameriae (Fldglycer. Kramer.), Fluidglycerate of
Krameria, N.F._--Krameria (100%) in glycerin and water.
DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).
_Syrupus Krameriae (Syr. Kramer.), Syrup of Krameria,
N.F._--Fluidextract of krameria (45%) in syrup. Absolute alcohol content
about 18 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
_Tinctura Krameriae (Tr. Kramer.), Tincture of Krameria, N.F._--Krameria
(20%) in diluted alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 45 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
=Lac Vaccinum (Lac Vaccinum), Cow's Milk, N.F.=
_Lac Fermentatum (Lac Ferment.), Fermented Milk, N.F._ (Kumyss).--A
fermentation product obtained by the action of yeast on cow's milk to
which sugar (sucrose) has been added. The following is an unofficial
formula:
Take a quart of skim milk, one-fifth of a cake of yeast and two
tablespoonfuls of sugar. Heat the milk. Dissolve the yeast in a little
water and mix it with the sugar and lukewarm milk. Pour the mixture into
strong bottles, stopper them tightly with new corks, and tie down the
corks with strong twine. Shake the bottles well and place in a
refrigerator to ferment slowly. After three days lay the bottles on
their sides, turning them occasionally. Five days are required to
complete the fermentation.
DOSAGE: 250 Cc. or 8 fluidounces (N.F.).
=Lactucarium (Lactucar.), Lactucarium, U.S.P.=--The dried juice of a
species of wild lettuce.
ACTION AND USES: Inefficient and obsolete hypnotic and
respiratory sedative. The proprietary preparation to which
its popularity was due was found to contain morphine.
Lactucarium is now seldom used.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.). Not given as
such.
_Syrupus Lactucarii (Syr. Lactucar.), Syrup of Lactucarium,
U.S.P._--Tincture of lactucarium (10%) and citric acid, flavored with
orange flower water, in glycerin and syrup.
DOSAGE: 10 Cc. or 2-1/2 fluidrachms (U.S.P.). Absolute
alcohol content about 5 per cent.
_Tinctura Lactucarii (Tr. Lactucar.), Tincture of Lactucarium,
U.S.P._--Lactucarium (50%) in glycerin, alcohol and water. Absolute
alcohol content about 46 per cent.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
=Lappa (Lappa), Lappa, N.F.= (Burdock Root).
ACTION AND USES: Obsolete "alterative," used in
nostrums.
DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Lappae (Fldext. Lapp.), Fluidextract of Lappa,
N.F._--Lappa (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
=Leptandra (Leptand.), Leptandra, N.F.= (Culver's Root).--Rhizome and
roots.
ACTION AND USES: Unreliable cathartic; without advantage
over resin of podophyllum.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).
_Extractum Leptandrae (Ext. Leptand.), Extract of Leptandra, N.F._
(Powdered Extract of Leptandra).--A hydroalcoholic extract, diluted with
starch. One Gm. represents 4 Gm. leptandra.
DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Leptandrae (Fldext. Leptand.), Fluidextract of
Leptandra, N.F._--Leptandra (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40
per cent.
DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).
=Limonis Cortex (Limon. Cort.), Lemon Peel, U.S.P.=
ACTION AND USES: Used for the preparation of lemon
flavors.
_Tinctura Limonis Corticis (Tr. Limon. Cort.), Tincture of Lemon Peel,
U.S.P._--Fresh lemon peel (50%) treated with alcohol. Absolute alcohol
content about 83 per cent.
=LINIMENTA, LINIMENTS.=--Liquid preparations intended for external
application. For the various official liniments, see under the names of
the respective chief ingredients.
=*Linum (Linum), Linseed, U.S.P.= (Flaxseed).--Used in demulcent
infusions, also when crushed or ground in poultices. If employed where
the skin is broken the entire poultice should be sterilized by boiling
before it is applied, in order to avoid infection.
=LIQUORES, SOLUTIONS.=--Aqueous liquid preparations in which one or more
substances are completely dissolved.
For the various official solutions, see under the names of the
respective principal ingredients. For Liquor Acidi Arsenosi, see under
=Arseni Trioxidum=; for Liquor Antisepticus, under =Acidum Boricum=; for
Liquor Antisepticus Alkalinus, under =Potassii Bicarbonas=; for Liquor
Arseni et Hydrargyri Iodidi, under =Arseni Iodidum=; for Liquor
Arsenicalis Clemens, under =Potassii Arsenas=; for Liquor Calcis
Sulphuratae, under =Calcii Sulphidum Crudum=; for Liquor Ferri et
Ammonii Acetas, under =Ammonii Acetas=; for Liquor Zinci et Alumini
Compositus and Liquor Zinci et Ferri Compositus, under =Zinci Sulphas=.
=Lithii Bromidum (Lith. Brom.), Lithium Bromide, U.S.P.=--LiBr (not less
than 85%).
White, granular, odorless, very deliquescent salt with a sharp,
slightly bitter taste. Very soluble in water (1:0.6) and soluble in
alcohol and in ether.
ACTION AND USES: Used like other bromides, over which
it has no advantage. For the supposed urate-solvent
properties of lithium, see =Lithii Carbonas=.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).
_Elixir Lithii Bromidi (Elix. Lith. Brom.), Elixir of Lithium Bromide,
N.F._--Lithium bromide (8.5%) in syrup, water and aromatic elixir.
Absolute alcohol content about 7 per cent.
DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).
=Lithii Carbonas (Lith. Carb.), Lithium Carbonate, U.S.P.=--Li{2}CO{3}.
Light white, odorless powder with an alkaline taste. Soluble in
water (1:78); almost insoluble in alcohol.
ACTION AND USES: Used in the same way as sodium
carbonate; without advantage over the latter. Lithium
was formerly given to promote the elimination of urates
because it was supposed to have special urate-solvent
properties, but under the conditions existing in the body
these properties do not come into play.
DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.).
=Lithii Citras (Lith. Cit.), Lithium Citrate, U.S.P.=
White, odorless powder or granules, with a cooling, faintly
alkaline taste. Freely soluble in water (1:1.4), very slightly
soluble in alcohol.
ACTION AND USES: Used like citrates of sodium or potassium,
over which it has no advantage. For the supposed
urate-solvent properties of lithium, see Lithii Carbonas.
DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.).
_Elixir Lithii Citratis (Elix. Lith. Cit.), Elixir of Lithium Citrate,
N.F._--Lithium citrate (8.5%), in aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol
content about 21 per cent.
USES: An objectionable alcoholic preparation of lithium.
DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).
_Sal Lithii Citratis Effervescens (Sal. Lith. Cit. Eff.), Effervescent
Salt of Lithium Citrate, N.F._--Lithium citrate (5%), sodium bicarbonate
(57%), tartaric acid (30%) and citric acid, the three last-named
yielding sodium tartrate and sodium citrate.
USES: Superfluous, and in view of its small lithium
content, misnamed.
DOSAGE: 8 Gm. or 2 drachms (N.F.).
=Lithii Salicylas (Lith. Salicyl.), Lithium Salicylate, N.F.=--
White or grayish white odorless powder, with a sweetish taste;
deliquescent in a moist atmosphere. Very soluble in water or
alcohol.
ACTION AND USES: As a salicylate, inferior to sodium
salicylate. Adequate doses would produce the toxic effects
of lithium. For the supposed urate-solvent effects of
lithium salts, see =Lithii Carbonas=.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).
_Elixir Lithii Salicylatis (Elix. Lith. Salicyl.), Elixir of Lithium
Salicylate, N.F._--Lithium salicylate (8.5%) in aromatic elixir.
Absolute alcohol content about 21 per cent.
USES: An objectionable alcoholic salicylic preparation.
DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).
=Lobelia (Lobel.), Lobelia, U.S.P.= (Indian Tobacco).--Leaves and
flowering tops.
ACTION AND USES: Expectorant, nauseant and emetic,
resembling nicotine. Has fallen into disuse because of
dangerous effects.
DOSAGE: 0.15 Gm. or 2-1/2 grains (U.S.P.).
_Fluidextractum Lobeliae (Fldext. Lobel.), Fluidextract of Lobelia,
U.S.P._--Lobelia (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
DOSAGE: 0.15 Cc. or 2-1/2 minims (U.S.P.).
_Tinctura Lobeliae (Tr. Lobel.), Tincture of Lobelia, U.S.P._ (Lobeliae
Tinctura, P.I.).--Lobelia (10%) in diluted alcohol. Absolute alcohol
content about 46 per cent.
DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.).
=LOTIONES, LOTIONS= (Washes).--Liquid mixtures, usually of solid
medicinal substances suspended in water for external use.
For the various official lotions see under the names of the respective
principal ingredients. For Lotio Ammoniacalis Camphorata, see under
=Ammonia=; for Lotio Flava, under =Hydrargyri Oxidum Flavum=; for Lotio
Nigra, under =Hydrargyri Chloridum Mite=; for Lotio Plumbi et Opii,
under =Plumbi Acetas=.
=Lupulinum (Lupul.), Lupulin, N.F.=--Glandular powder separated from
hops.
ACTION AND USES: Bitter tonic without material advantage
over gentian. Reputed hypnotic and anaphrodisiac
effects probably attributable to the alcohol in which it is
commonly dissolved.
DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Lupulini (Fldext. Lupul.), Fluidextract of Lupulin,
N.F._--Lupulin (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 80 per cent.
DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (N.F.).
_Oleoresina Lupulini (Oleores. Lupul.), Oleoresin of Lupulin, N.F._--The
ether extract of lupulin.
DOSAGE: 0.2 Gm. or 3 grains (N.F.).
=Lycopodium (Lycopod.), Lycopodium, U.S.P.=--The spores of a moss.
Very inflammable.
ACTION AND USES: Used as an inert dusting powder for
the skin, and as diluent for insufflations of boric acid,
tannin, etc., for the throat, nose and ear.
=Macis (Macis), Mace, N.F.=--The arillode (inner covering) removed from
nutmeg (myristica).
Yellowish or brownish, fragrant, branched and lobed bands, or
orange-buff or orange-brown powder, with a warm, aromatic taste.
ACTION AND USES: Aromatic flavor and carminative
without advantage over cardamom.
DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (N.F.).
=MAGMATA, MAGMAS.=--Suspensions of insoluble or nearly insoluble
substances.
=*Magnesii Carbonas (Mag. Carb.), Magnesium Carbonate, U.S.P.=--A
mixture of magnesium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide.
Light, white, friable masses or bulky white powder, odorless and
with a slight earthy taste. Practically insoluble in water;
insoluble in alcohol.
ACTION AND USES: Used internally against gastric hyperacidity
and as a mild laxative; externally as dusting
powder. See also Magma Magnesiae, under =Magnesii
Hydroxidum=.
DOSAGE: 3 Gm. or 45 grains (U.S.P.).
_Mistura Magnesiae, Asafoetidae et Opii (Mist. Mag. Asafoet. et Opii),
Mixture of Magnesia, Asafetida and Opium, N.F._ (Mistura Magnesiae et
Asafoetidae, N.F. III, Dewees' Carminative).--Magnesium carbonate (5%),
tincture of asafetida (7.5%), tincture of opium (1%), and sugar in
water. Absolute alcohol content about 7 per cent.
USES: Complex and irrational mixture intended for use
in diarrhea.
DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).
=Magnesii Chloridum (Magnes. Chlorid.), Magnesium Chloride,
N.F.=--MgCl{2} + 6H{2}O.
Colorless transparent crystals or white translucent pieces;
deliquescent in moist air. Very soluble in water (1:0.6) and
soluble in alcohol.
ACTION AND USES: Similar to but without advantage
over magnesium sulphate.
DOSAGE: 15 Gm. or 4 drachms (N.F.).
=*Magnesii Citras, Magnesium Citrate.=
_*Liquor Magnesii Citratis (Liq. Mag. Cit.), Solution of Magnesium
Citrate, U.S.P._--Magnesium citrate corresponding to not less than 1.5
per cent. of magnesium oxide.
USES: Efficient and not distasteful mild saline laxative.
DOSAGE: 350 Cc. or 12 fluidounces (1 bottle) (U.S.P.).
=Magnesii Hydroxidum, Magnesium Hydroxide.=
_Magma Magnesiae (Magma Mag.), Magnesia Magma, U.S.P._ (Milk of
Magnesia).--A suspension of magnesium hydroxide in water [equivalent to
about 7% Mg(OH){2}] forming a thick, white liquid.
USES: Widely used as mild alkaline laxative and tooth
wash.
DOSAGE: 10 Cc. or 2-1/2 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).
=*Magnesii Oxidum (Mag. Oxid.), Magnesium Oxide, U.S.P.= (Magnesia,
Calcined Magnesia, Light Magnesia).--MgO (not less than 96%).
A white, bulky, odorless powder with an earthy but not saline
taste. Almost insoluble in water; insoluble in alcohol.
ACTION AND USES: Useful antacid and laxative.
DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).
=Magnesii Oxidum Ponderosum (Mag. Oxid. Pond.), Heavy Magnesium Oxide,
U.S.P.= (Heavy Magnesia).--MgO (96%).
White, dense powder.
ACTION AND USES: Used like magnesium oxide.
DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).
=*Magnesii Sulphas (Mag. Sulph.), Magnesium Sulphate, U.S.P.= (Epsom
Salt).--MgSO{4} + 7H{2}O.
Small, colorless, odorless crystals, with a cooling, saline, bitter
taste. Freely soluble in water (1:1); almost insoluble in alcohol.
ACTION AND USES: One of the most active of the saline
cathartics.
DOSAGE: 15 Gm. or 4 drachms (U.S.P.), in solution. A
solution containing 1 Gm. of salt in each Cc. may be given,
5 Cc. every hour until a laxative effect is secured. This
should usually be diluted with water.
_Liquor Magnesii Sulphatis Effervescens (Liq. Mag. Sulph. Eff.),
Effervescent Solution of Magnesium Sulphate, N.F._--Magnesium sulphate
(about 7%) with syrup of citric acid, potassium citrate and water.
DOSAGE: The contents of a bottle, about 350 Cc. or nearly
12 fluidounces (N.F.).
=Maltum (Maltum), Malt, U.S.P.=--Malted barley, capable of converting
not less than 5 times its weight of starch into sugars.
Yellowish grains with a characteristic odor and a sweet taste.
ACTION AND USES: Used to digest starch by its diastase.
_Extractum Malti (Ext. Malt.), Extract of Malt, U.S.P._--Syrupy liquid.
DOSAGE: 15 Gm. or 4 drachms (U.S.P.).
=Malvae Folia (Malv. Fol.), Mallow Leaves, N.F.=
ACTION AND USES: Demulcent "herb tea," without definite
indications for its use.
=Mangani Citras Solubilis (Mangan. Cit. Sol.), Soluble Manganese
Citrate, N.F.= (Manganese and Sodium Citrate).
Yellowish or pinkish white powder or translucent scales, odorless
and having a slightly bitter, astringent taste. Freely soluble in
water (1:4) and nearly insoluble in alcohol.
ACTION AND USES: Manganese salts have been tried as
hematinic tonics, but are of very doubtful value. The
choice among the various salts is a matter of convenience.
The soluble citrate is typical of the soluble manganese salts,
the dioxide of the insoluble.
DOSAGE: 0.2 Gm. or 3 grains (N.F.).
=Mangani Dioxidum Praecipitatum (Mangan. Diox. Praec.), Precipitated
Manganese Dioxide, U.S.P.=--Chiefly MnO{2}.
Heavy, odorless, tasteless black powder. Insoluble in water or
alcohol.
ACTION AND USES: See =Mangani Citras Solubilis=.
DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).
=Mangani Glycerophosphas Solubilis (Mangan. Glycerophos. Sol.), Soluble
Manganese Glycerophosphate, N.F.= (Soluble Manganous
Glycerinophosphate).--A mixture of manganese glycerophosphate and citric
acid.
Yellowish or pinkish white, odorless powder, with an acid taste.
Freely soluble in water (1:4); alcohol dissolves the citric acid
and leaves a residue which is nearly insoluble in water.
ACTION AND USES: As a manganese compound it has no
material advantage over other manganese salts. For a
discussion of glycerophosphates, see =Sodii Glycerophosphas=.
DOSAGE: 0.2 Gm. or 3 grains (N.F.).
=Mangani Hypophosphis (Mangan. Hypophos.), Manganese Hypophosphite,
N.F.=--Mn(H{2}PO{2}){2} + H{2}O.
Pink, odorless, nearly tasteless powder. Freely soluble in water
and insoluble in alcohol.
ACTION AND USES: As a manganese compound, has no
material advantage over other manganese salts. For a
discussion of hypophosphites, see =Calcii Hypophosphis=.
DOSAGE: 0.2 Gm. or 3 grains (N.F.).
=Mangani Sulphas (Mangan. Sulph.), Manganese Sulphate, N.F.=--MnSO{4}
(about 65%).
Pale rose-colored, translucent, odorless crystals, with a slightly
bitter taste, slightly efflorescent in moist air. Freely soluble in
water (1:1) and insoluble in alcohol.
ACTION AND USES: Without material advantage over
other manganese salts.
DOSAGE: 0.2 Gm. or 3 grains (N.F.).
=Manna (Manna), Manna, U.S.P.=--A dried sap.
ACTION AND USES: Mild laxative; antiquated.
DOSAGE: 15 Gm. or 4 drachms (U.S.P.) as infusion.