of Colocynth and Hyoscyamus, N.F._--Each pill contains extract of
colocynth (0.0065 Gm. or 1/10 grain), aloes, resin of scammony and
extract of hyoscyamus (each 0.097 Gm. or 1-1/2 grains) and oil of clove.
DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.).
_Pilulae Colocynthidis et Podophylli (Pil. Colocynth. et Podoph.), Pills
of Colocynth and Podophyllum, N.F._--Each pill contains compound extract
of colocynth (0.162 Gm. or 2-1/2 grains) and resin of podophyllum (0.016
Gm. or 1/4 grain) with syrup.
DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.).
_Pilulae Laxativae Post Partum (Pil. Lax. Post Part.), Post Partum
Laxative Pills, N.F._ (Barker's Post Partum Pills).--Each pill contains
compound extract of colocynth (0.11 Gm. or 1-2/3 grains), Socotrine
aloes (0.055 Gm. or 7/8 grain), extract of nux vomica (0.025 Gm. or 2/5
grain), resin of podophyllum and ipecac (each 0.005 Gm. or 1/12 grain)
and extract of hyoscyamus (0.008 Gm. or 1/8 grain).
DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.)
=Condurango (Conduran.), Condurango, N.F.=--A bark.
ACTION AND USES: Bitter stomachic, introduced especially
for cancer cachexia, but without advantage over
gentian.
DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Condurango (Fldext. Condurango), Fluidextract of
Condurango, N.F._--Condurango (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40
per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
=CONFECTIONES, CONFECTIONS= (Conserves, Electuaries).--Soft, pasty
solids consisting of active drugs mixed with sugar and honey.
=Conium (Conium), Conium, N.F.= (Poison Hemlock, _Conium
maculatum_).--Unripe fruit.
ACTION AND USES: Source of coniine. Depresses the
motor system, but has no definite therapeutic indication.
DOSAGE: 0.2 Gm. or 3 grains (N.F.).
_Extractum Conii (Ext. Conii), Extract of Conium, N.F._--A
hydro-alcoholic extract diluted with glucose, yielding about 2 per cent.
of coniine.
DOSAGE: 0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Conii (Fldext. Conii), Fluidextract of Conium,
N.F._--Conium (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
DOSAGE: 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims (N.F.).
=Convallariae Flores (Convallar. Flor.), Convallaria Flowers, N.F.=
(Lily-of-the-Valley Flowers).
ACTION AND USES: Believed to act as a cardiac tonic,
similar to digitalis, but unreliable.
DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Convallariae Florum (Fldext. Conval. Flor.),
Fluidextract of Convallaria Flowers, N.F._ (Fluidextractum Convallariae,
N.F. III).--Convallaria flowers (100%). Absolute alcohol content about
55 per cent.
DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (N.F.).
=Convallariae Radix (Convallar. Rad.), Convallaria Root, N.F.=
(Lily-of-the-Valley Root).--Rhizome and roots.
ACTION AND USES: Same as the flowers.
DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Convallariae Radicis (Fldext. Conval. Rad.),
Fluidextract of Convallaria Root, N.F._--Convallaria root (100%).
Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.
DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (N.F.).
=*Copaiba (Copaib.), Copaiba, U.S.P.= (Balsam of Copaiba, Copaiva).--An
oleoresin.
Pale yellow or brownish-yellow, viscid liquid, with an aromatic
odor and a persistent, bitter, acrid taste. Insoluble in water and
partly soluble in alcohol.
ACTION AND USES: A mild but disagreeable irritant and
diuretic. Used especially in the treatment of gonorrhea,
but of doubtful efficiency. The copaiba mixtures as listed
below were formerly widely used, but are disagreeable,
irrational and usually inefficient.
DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.).
_Massa Copaibae (Mass. Copaib.), Mass of Copaiba, N.F._ (Solidified
Copaiba).--Copaiba solidified by combination with magnesium oxide.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).
_Mistura Copaibae (Mist. Copaib.), Copaiba Mixture, N.F._ (Lafayette
Mixture).--Copaiba (12.5%), spirit of nitrous ether (12.5%), compound
tincture of lavender, solution of potassium hydroxide in syrup and
mucilage of acacia. Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent.
DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).
_Mistura Copaibae et Opii (Mist. Copaib. et Opii), Mixture of Copaiba
and Opium, N.F._ (Chapman's Mixture).--Copaiba (25%), tincture of opium
(3.2%), spirit of nitrous ether (25%), and compound tincture of lavender
in mucilage of acacia and water. Absolute alcohol content about 29 per
cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
=Coptis (Coptis), Coptis, N.F.= (Goldthread).--Plant.
ACTION AND USES: Bitter stomachic, possessing no
advantage over gentian.
DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Coptis (Fldext. Copt.), Fluidextract of Coptis,
N.F._--Coptis (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
=CORDIALES, CORDIALS.=--Cordials are sweetened alcoholic liquids
=Coriandrum (Coriand.), Coriander, U.S.P.= (Coriander Seeds).
ACTION AND USES: Aromatic and carminative
=Cornus (Corn.), Cornus, N.F.= (Dogwood Bark).--Bark of the root.
ACTION AND USES: Without definite indications for its
use; practically obsolete.
DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Corni (Fldext. Corni), Fluidextract of Cornus,
N.F._--Cornus (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 35 per cent.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.)
=Corydalis (Coryd.), Corydalis, N.F.= (Turkey Corn, Squirrel
Corn).--Tubers.
ACTION AND USES: Formerly exploited as antiluetic, but
useless and therefore harmful.
DOSAGE: 0.65 Gm. or 10 grains (N.F.).
_Elixir Corydalis Compositum (Elix. Coryd. Co.), Compound Elixir of
Corydalis, N.F._--Fluidextract of corydalis, (6%), fluidextract of
stillingia (6%), fluidextract of xanthoxylum (3%), fluidextract of blue
flag (9%), potassium iodide (5%), alcohol and aromatic elixir. Absolute
alcohol content about 40 per cent.
ACTION AND USES: An irrational and harmful "alterative."
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Corydalis (Fldext. Corydal.), Fluidextract of Corydalis,
N.F._--Corydalis (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 65 per cent.
DOSAGE: 0.65 Cc. or 10 minims (N.F.)
=Cotarninae Hydrochloridum (Cotarn. Hydrochl.), Cotarnine Hydrochloride,
U.S.P.= (Cotarnine Chloride; Stypticin).
Yellow, odorless powder. Freely soluble in water and alcohol,
yielding yellow solutions.
ACTION AND USES: Used to check functional uterine
hemorrhage. The mechanism of its action has not been
explained, and its efficiency is somewhat questionable.
DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.)
=Coumarinum (Coumar.), Coumarin, N.F.=
Colorless, fragrant crystals, with a bitter, burning taste.
Sparingly soluble in cold water; freely soluble in alcohol.
ACTION AND USES: Perfume and flavor
=Creosoti Carbonas (Creosot. Carb.), Creosote Carbonate, U.S.P.=--A
mixture of the carbonates of various constituents of creosote, chiefly
guaiacol and cresol.
An almost colorless, almost tasteless, odorless viscid liquid.
Insoluble in water; freely soluble in alcohol and miscible with
chloroform and benzin.
ACTION AND USES: Passes stomach unchanged; hence is
not a gastric irritant; decomposed in the intestines; used
as an intestinal antiseptic.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.)
=*Creosotum (Creosot.), Creosote, U.S.P.= (Creasote).--A mixture chiefly
of guaiacol and cresol, obtained from wood-tar.
An almost colorless, oily liquid, with a penetrating, smoky odor,
and a burning, caustic taste. Slightly soluble in water, and
miscible with alcohol, ether or fixed or volatile oils.
ACTION AND USES: Antiseptic; formerly widely used as
an intestinal antiseptic and externally to some extent as
an antiseptic dressing.
DOSAGE: 0.25 Cc. or 4 minims (U.S.P.), in capsules.
_Aqua Creosoti (Aq. Creosot.), Creosote Water, U.S.P._--Creosote (1%) in
water.
DOSAGE: 10 Cc. or 2-1/2 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).
_Petroxolinum Creosoti (Petrox. Creosot.), Creosote Petroxolin, N.F._
(Creosote Petrox).--Creosote (20%), oleic acid and liquid petroxolin.
=*Cresol (Cresol), Cresol, U.S.P.=--A mixture of isomeric cresols,
C{6}H{4}(CH{3})OH. Obtained from coal tar.
Colorless, yellowish or brownish liquid, darkening with age and
exposure to light, and having a phenol-like odor. Soluble in water
(1:50), usually forming a cloudy solution, and miscible with
alcohol, ether, petroleum benzin or glycerin.
ACTION AND USES: Action similar to phenol. Used as
a disinfectant and antiseptic. Approximately four times as
germicidal as phenol, and no more toxic.
DOSAGE: 0.05 Cc. or 1 minim (U.S.P.).
_*Liquor Cresolis Compositus (Liq. Cresol. Co.), Compound Solution of
Cresol, U.S.P._--Cresol (50%) with a potassium soap solution.
=Creta Praeparata (Cret. Praep.), Prepared Chalk, U.S.P.= (Drop
Chalk).--A native calcium carbonate.
White, amorphous, odorless, tasteless powder. Almost insoluble in
water, insoluble in alcohol. Decomposed and dissolved by dilute
acids.
ACTION AND USES: Used internally as a mild alkali, as
antacid and against diarrhea.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.) as a powder or
in suspension.
_Mistura Cretae (Mist. Cret.), Chalk Mixture, U.S.P._--Compound chalk
powder (20%) with cinnamon water and water.
DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).
_Pulvis Cretae Aromaticus._--See under =Cinnamomum Saigonicum.=
_Pulvis Cretae Compositus (Pulv. Cret. Co.), Compound Chalk Powder,
U.S.P._--Prepared chalk (30%), with acacia and sugar.
DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.)
=Crocus (Croc.), Crocus, N.F.= (Saffron).--Stigmas of the flowers.
ACTION AND USES: Yellow coloring agent without definite
therapeutic indications. Has been used as "stimulant
and antispasmodic."
_Tinctura Croci (Tr. Croc.), Tincture of Saffron, N.F._--Saffron (10%)
in diluted alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 45 per cent.
=Cubeba (Cubeb.), Cubeb, U.S.P.= (Cubebs).--Fruit.
ACTION AND USES: Formerly much used internally as
antiseptic, diuretic and as a stimulant to the genito-urinary
membranes; also to some extent as a stimulating
expectorant. Probably of little value.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.). The oleoresin
is preferred.
_Fluidextractum Cubebae (Fldext. Cubeb.), Fluidextract of Cubeb,
N.F._--Cubeb (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 80 per cent.
DOSAGE: 1 Cc or 15 minims (N.F.).
_Oleoresina Cubebae (Oleores. Cubeb.), Oleoresin of Cubeb, U.S.P._
DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.).
_Tinctura Cubebae (Tr. Cubeb.), Tincture of Cubeb, N.F._--Cubeb (20%) in
alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 90 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
_Trochisci Cubebae (Troch. Cubeb.), Troches of Cubeb, U.S.P._--Each
troche contains oleoresin of cubeb (0.02 Gm.) with oil of sassafras,
extract of glycyrrhiza and acacia, flavored with syrup of tolu.
=*Cupri Sulphas (Cupr. Sulph.), Copper Sulphate, U.S.P.= (Cupric
Sulphate).--CuSO{4} + 5H{2}O.
Blue, odorless crystals or powder with a metallic taste. Freely
soluble in water (1:2.5), and slightly soluble in alcohol (1:500).
ACTION AND USES: Astringent and in strong solutions
corrosive. In large doses a gastric and intestinal irritant
producing violent vomiting and purging. Considered one of
the best antidotes in phosphorus poisoning.
DOSAGE: Emetic, 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).
_Mistura Adstringens (Mist. Adstring.), Astringent Mixture, N.F._
(Mistura Adstringens et Escharotica, N.F. III, Villate's Mixture).--A
needlessly complex mixture containing the acetates and sulphates of
copper and zinc in dilute acetic acid solution with lead sulphate in
suspension.
=Cypripedium (Cypriped.), Cypripedium, N.F.= (Lady Slipper
Root).--Rhizome and roots.
ACTION AND USES: No definite indications for its use.
Has been described as "tonic, stimulant and diaphoretic."
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).
_Fluidextractum Cypripedii (Fldext. Cypriped.), Fluidextract of
Cypripedium, N.F._--Cypripedium (100%). Absolute alcohol content about
40 per cent.
DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).
=Damiana (Damiana), Damiana, N.F.= (Turnera).--Leaves.
ACTION AND USES: Ingredient of "lost manhood" nostrums;
mildly irritant, but otherwise probably inert.
DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Damianae (Fldext. Damian.), Fluidextract of Damiana,
N.F._ (Fluidextractum Turnerae, N.F. III).--Damiana (100%). Absolute
alcohol content about 60 per cent.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
=DECOCTA, DECOCTIONS.=--Aqueous preparations made by boiling drugs in
water and straining. They must be freshly made from the drugs.
=Delphinium (Delphin.), Larkspur Seed, N.F.=
ACTION AND USES: Preparations are used externally to
destroy pediculi of the hair and of the pubic region.
_Tinctura Delphinii (Tr. Delphin.), Tincture of Larkspur,
N.F._--Larkspur seed (10%) in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 90
per cent.
=Dextrinum Album (Dext. Alb.), White Dextrin, N.F.=--A variable mixture
of soluble carbohydrates with unconverted starch.
White, odorless powder, with a sweetish taste. Partly soluble in
cold water; completely soluble in three parts of water on boiling.
ACTION AND USES: Substitute for acacia and other gums.
_Pasta Dextrinata (Past. Dextrin.), Dextrinated Paste, N.F._--White
dextrin (33%) in glycerin (33%) and water.
USES: Basis for dermatologic pastes
=Diacetylmorphina (Diacetylmorph.), Diacetylmorphine, U.S.P.=
(Acetomorphine, Heroin).--An alkaloid prepared from morphine by
acetylization.
White, odorless powder. Very slightly soluble in water (1:1700) and
soluble in alcohol (1:31) and in chloroform (1:1.4).
ACTION AND USES: Used as a respiratory sedative to
relieve cough. With few exceptions, generally contraindicated
in pulmonary tuberculosis. Like morphine, but
more toxic and less valuable for the relief of pain. Is
habit-forming. See =Morphina=.
DOSAGE: 0.003 Gm. or 1/20 gr. (U.S.P.).
=Diacetylmorphinae Hydrochloridum (Diacetylmorph. Hydrochl.),
Diacetylmorphine Hydrochloride, U.S.P.= (Diacetylmorphine Chloride;
Heroin Hydrochloride).
White, odorless, bitter powder. Freely soluble (1:2) in water and
soluble in alcohol (1:11).
DOSAGE: 0.003 Gm. or 1/20 grain (U.S.P.).
_Elixir Terpini Hydratis et Diacetylmorphinae (Elix. Terpin. Hyd. et
Diacetylmorph.), Elixir of Terpin Hydrate and Diacetylmorphine, N.F._
(Elixir Terpini Hydratis cum Heroina N.F. III).--Diacetylmorphine
hydrochloride (0.027%) and elixir of terpin hydrate. Absolute alcohol
content about 42 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.). This dose contains
about 0.001 Gm. or 1/60 grain of diacetylmorphine
hydrochloride, and about 0.07 Gm. or 1-1/6 grains of terpin
hydrate.
=Diastasum (Diastasum), Diastase, U.S.P.=--A mixture containing
amylolytic enzymes from malt.
Yellowish-white, odorless, tasteless powder or scales. Soluble in
water; almost insoluble in alcohol.
ACTION AND USES: May be mixed with starchy foods to
assist their conversion into sugar.
DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.).
=*Digitalis (Digit.), Digitalis, U.S.P.= (Foxglove, Digitalis Leaves,
Digitalis Folium P.I.).
ACTION AND USES: Direct cardiac stimulant and diuretic.
Used in cardiac decompensation. Most effective when the
heart action is rapid and very irregular (auricular fibrillation).
Effective in the treatment of edema only when
the latter is due to impaired circulation. Very likely to
cause disturbance of gastro-intestinal tract.
DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.). Physicians
are advised to specify preparations which have been biologically
assayed.
_Fluidextractum Digitalis (Fldext. Digital.), Fluidextract of Digitalis,
U.S.P._--Digitalis (100%). May be biologically assayed by producing
death in the frog. Absolute alcohol content about 70 per cent.
DOSAGE: 0.05 Cc. or 1 minim (U.S.P.).--Physicians
should specify the biologically assayed fluidextract.
_*Infusum Digitalis (Inf. Digit.), Infusion of Digitalis,
U.S.P._--Digitalis (1.5%), cinnamon water and water. This is an
effective form of digitalis, but has no advantage over tinctures of
proper potency, and is not so conveniently standardized.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).
_Pilulae Digitalis, Scillae et Hydrargyri (Pil. Digit. Scill. et
Hydrarg.), Pills of Digitalis, Squill and Mercury, N.F._ (Niemeyer Pills
for Dropsy, Guy's Pills).--Each pill contains digitalis, squill and mass
of mercury (each 0.065 gm. or 1 grain) with clarified honey.
USES: Popular but needlessly complex cardiac diuretic.
DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.).
_*Tinctura Digitalis (Tr. Digit.), Tincture of Digitalis, U.S.P._
(Digitalis Tinctura P.I.).--Digitalis (10%) in alcohol and water. May be
biologically assayed by producing death in frogs. Absolute alcohol
content about 70 per cent.
DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (U.S.P.). Physicians
should specify the biologically assayed tincture.
=Dioscorea (Dioscor.), Dioscorea, N.F.= (Wild Yam Root, Colic
Root).--Rhizome.
ACTION AND USES: No established indications for its use;
formerly used in the treatment of "abdominal irritation."
DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Dioscoreae (Fldext. Dioscor.), Fluidextract of
Dioscorea, N.F._--Dioscorea (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 70
per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
=Drosera (Droser.), Drosera, N.F.= (Sundew).--Flowering plant.
ACTION AND USES: No established indications for its
use (formerly used in respiratory diseases).
DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Droserae (Fldext. Droser.), Fluidextract of Drosera,
N.F._--Drosera (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 55 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
=Dulcamara (Dulcam.), Bittersweet, N.F.=--Stems and branches.
ACTION AND USES: No established indications for its
use. Formerly used as "alterative."
DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Dulcamarae (Fldext. Dulcam.), Fluidextract of
Bittersweet, N.F._--Bittersweet (100%). Absolute alcohol content about
40 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. of fluidrachm (N.F.).
=Echinacea (Echin.), Echinacea, N.F.=--Rhizome and roots.
ACTION AND USES: The claims for this drug as an
"alterative" and antisyphilitic are extravagant and unwarranted.
There are no established indications for its use.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Echinaceae (Fldext. Echin.), Fluidextract of Echinacea,
N.F._--Echinacea (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 70 per cent.
DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).
=*Elaterinum (Elaterin.), Elaterin, U.S.P.=--A neutral principle
obtained from the squirting cucumber. The commercial product is variable
and may at times be practically inert.
White, odorless powder, with a slightly acrid, bitter taste.
Insoluble in water; slightly soluble in alcohol (1:325).
ACTION AND USES: One of the most powerful and
irritant of hydragogue cathartics, causing profuse watery
evacuations.
DOSAGE: 0.003 Gm. or 1/20 grain.
_Trituratio Elaterini (Trit. Elaterin.), Trituration of Elaterin,
U.S.P._--Elaterin (10%).
DOSAGE: 0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain (U.S.P.).
=ELIXIRIA, ELIXIRS.=--Elixirs are sweetened, aromatic, alcoholic liquids
similar to cordials. In the administration of an elixir, the effects due
to its alcohol content should be borne in mind. The statements of
alcohol content of elixirs in this volume refer to percentage of
absolute alcohol by volume.
For the various elixirs, see under the names of the principal
constituents. For Elixir Aromaticum, Elixir Aromaticum Rubrum and Elixir
Glycyrrhizae (Elixir Adjuvans), see under =Alcohol=; for Elixir
Catharticum Compositum, see under =Frangula=; for Elixir Cinchonae
Alkaloidorum and Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum et Hypophosphitum, see
under =Quininae Sulphas=; for Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum et Ferri,
see under =Ferri Phosphas=; for Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum, Ferri,
Bismuthi et Strychninae and Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum, Ferri et
Strychninae, see under =Strychninae Sulphas=; for Elixir Cinchonae
Alkaloidorum, Ferri et Bismuthi, see under =Bismuthi et Sodii Tartras=;
for Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum, Ferri et Calcii Lactophosphatis, see
under =Calcii Lactophosphas=; for Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum, Ferri
et Pepsini, see under =Pepsinum=; for Elixir Ferri, Quininae et
Strychninae, and Elixir Gentianae et Ferri, see under =Ferri
Citro-Chloridum=; for Elixir Formatum and Elixir Formatum Compositum,
see under =Acidum Formicum=; for Elixir Gentianae et Ferri Phosphatis,
see under =Ferri Phosphas=; for Elixir Glycerophosphatum Compositum, see
under =Sodii Glycerophosphas=; for Elixir Hypophosphitum, see under
=Calcii Hypophosphis=; for Elixir Hypophosphitum et Ferri, see under
=Ferri Hypophosphis=; for Elixir Pepsini, Bismuthi et Strychninae, see
under =Strychnina=; for Elixir Terpini Hydratis et Codeinae, see under
=Codeina=; for Elixir Terpini Hydratis et Diacetylmorphinae, see under
=Diacetylmorphinae Hydrochloridum=; for Elixir Trium Bromidorum, see
under =Ammonii Bromidum=.
=*Emetinae Hydrochloridum (Emet. Hydrochl.), Emetine Hydrochloride,
U.S.P.=--The hydrochloride of the alkaloid emetine, obtained from
ipecac.
White, or nearly white, odorless powder, darkening on exposure to
light. Freely soluble in water or alcohol.
ACTION AND USES: Given hypodermically. An effective
treatment of amebic dysentery and other amebic diseases.
DOSAGE: 0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain.
=EMPLASTRA, PLASTERS.=--Plasters are solid preparations for external
use, serving either as simple adhesives or for the conveyance of drugs.
The commercial spread plasters have largely displaced the
extemporaneously prepared product. For the various plasters see under
the names of the principal constituents. For Emplastrum Elasticum, see
under =Resina=; for Emplastrum Fuscum Camphoratum, see under =Camphora=;
for Emplastrum Plumbi, see under =Plumbi Oxidum=.
=EMULSA, EMULSIONES, EMULSIONS.=--Emulsions are aqueous preparations in
which oils or resins are suspended by means of mucilaginous substances.
For the official emulsions see under the names of the respective oils
and resins.
=*Ergota (Ergot.), Ergot, U.S.P.= (Secale Cornutum, P.I., Ergot of Rye,
Spurred Rye).--
ACTION AND USES: Causes powerful tonic, sometimes
tetanic contraction of the uterus and of the bloodvessel
walls. Checks postpartum hemorrhage by contracting
the uterus. Used for excessive menstrual flow and as a
circulatory stimulant. Has also been tried but without
success in a great variety of other diseases.
DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).
_Extractum Ergotae (Ext. Ergot.), Extract of Ergot, U.S.P._--A pilular
extract of ergot. Probably does not contain some of the valuable
constituents of ergot (the alkaloids).
DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).
_Extractum Ergotae Aquosum (Ext. Ergot. Aq.), Aqueous Extract of Ergot,
N.F._ (Ergoti Extractum P.I.).--A purified aqueous extract.
DOSAGE: 0.2 Gm. or 3 grains (N.F.).
_*Fluidextractum Ergotae (Fldext. Ergot.), Fluidextract of Ergot,
U.S.P._ (Secalis Cornuti Extractum Fluidum, P.I.).--Ergot (100%).
Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
_Tinctura Ergotae Ammoniata (Tr. Ergot. Ammon.), Ammoniated Tincture of
Ergot, N.F._--Ergot (25%), ammonia water (10%) in alcohol and water.
Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
=Eriodictyon (Eriodict.), Eriodictyon, U.S.P.= (Yerba Santa).--Yerba
santa leaves.
ACTION AND USES: Said to be expectorant. Its most
remarkable property is its power of masking the taste of
quinine.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains.
_Elixir Eriodictyi Aromaticum (Elix. Eriodict. Arom.), Aromatic Elixir
of Eriodictyon, N.F._ (Aromatic Elixir of Yerba Santa, Elixir
Corrigens).--Fluidextract of eriodictyon (6%), compound elixir of
taraxacum (about 44%) and syrup. Absolute alcohol content about 16 per
cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).