belladonna and some other plants of the nightshade family.
A white, odorless powder. Slightly soluble in water (1:455), but
freely soluble in alcohol (1:2).
ACTION AND USES: Atropine and the related alkaloids
paralyze the parasympathetic endings. They are used
especially as mydriatics and cycloplegics, to suppress secretions,
as in gastric hyperacidity, and to quicken the heart,
regulate peristalsis, lessen bronchial spasm, etc.
DOSAGE: 0.5 mg. or 1/120 grain (U.S.P.).
_Oleatum Atropinae (Oleat. Atrop.), Oleate of Atropine, N.F._--Atropine
(2%), in alcohol, oleic acid and olive oil.
=*Atropinae Sulphas (Atrop. Sulph.), Atropine Sulphate, U.S.P.=
White, odorless powder. Very soluble in water (1:0.4) and in
alcohol (1:5).
DOSAGE: 0.5 mg. or 1/120 grain (U.S.P.).
=Aurantii Amari Cortex (Aurant. Amar. Cort.), Bitter Orange Peel,
U.S.P.=
ACTION AND USES: Aromatic bitter stomachic, used principally
as a flavoring.
_Fluidextractum Aurantii Amari (Fldext. Aurant. Amar.), Fluidextract of
Bitter Orange Peel, U.S.P._--Bitter orange peel (100%). Absolute alcohol
content about 60 per cent.
_Tinctura Aurantii Amari (Tr. Aurant. Amar.), Tincture of Bitter Orange
Peel, U.S.P._--Bitter orange peel (20%) in alcohol and water. Absolute
alcohol content about 55 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).
_Vinum Aurantii Compositum (Vin. Aurant. Co.), Compound Wine of Orange,
N.F._ (Elixir Aurantiorum Compositum, Compound Elixir of
Orange).--Bitter orange peel, absinthium, menyanthes, cascarilla, Saigon
cinnamon and gentian, extracted with potassium carbonate in sherry wine.
Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent.
USES: Objectionable alcoholic "bitter."
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
=Aurantii Dulcis Cortex (Aurant Dulc. Cort.), Sweet Orange Peel, U.S.P.=
ACTION AND USES: Flavoring agent.
_Syrupus Aurantii (Syr. Aurant.), Syrup of Orange, U.S.P._--Tincture of
sweet orange peel in syrup.
_Tinctura Aurantii Dulcis (Tr. Aurant. Dulc.), Tincture of Sweet Orange
Peel, U.S.P._--Sweet orange peel from fresh fruit (50%) in alcohol.
Absolute alcohol content about 83 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).
=Aurantii Flores, Bitter Orange Flowers.=
ACTION AND USES: Flavoring agent.
_Aqua Aurantii Florum (Aq. Aurant. Flor.), Orange Flower Water,
U.S.P._--Stronger orange flower water in water.
_Aqua Aurantii Florum Fortior (Aq. Aurant. Flor. Fort.), Stronger Orange
Flower Water, U.S.P._--Prepared by distillation of bitter orange flowers
with water. Must be free from mucilaginous growths.
_Syrupus Aurantii Florum (Syr. Aurant. Flor.), Syrup of Orange Flowers,
U.S.P._--Sugar in orange flower water.
=Auri et Sodii Chloridum (Aur. et Sod. Chlor.), Gold and Sodium
Chloride, U.S.P.=--Equal parts of AuCl{3} and NaCl.
An orange-yellow, odorless, deliquescent powder with a saline,
metallic taste. Very soluble in water.
ACTION AND USES: Preparations of gold have been
employed in medicine for the most varied conditions without
any real evidence of usefulness.
DOSAGE: 0.005 Gm. or 1/12 grain (U.S.P.).
=*Balsamum Peruvianum (Bals. Peruv.), Balsam of Peru, U.S.P.= (Peru
Balsam).
Dark brown, viscid liquid, with a vanilla-like odor and a bitter,
acrid taste. Soluble in alcohol or chloroform; only partially
soluble in ether or petroleum benzin; practically insoluble in
water.
ACTION AND USES: Externally in the form of ointments
or alcoholic solutions as a stimulant to indolent wounds
and ulcers and in the treatment of scabies.
=*Balsamum Tolutanum (Bals. Tolu.), Balsam of Tolu, U.S.P.= (Tolu
Balsam).
Yellowish-brown or brown, plastic solid, becoming brittle when old,
dried or exposed to cold, and having a vanilla-like odor and a
mild, aromatic taste. Insoluble in water but soluble in alcohol,
chloroform and ether.
ACTION AND USES: Has been recommended as an expectorant;
used chiefly in the form of the syrup, which is little
more than a pleasantly flavored vehicle.
_*Syrupus Tolutanus (Syr. Tolu.), Syrup of Tolu, U.S.P._--Tincture of
tolu (5%) in syrup.
DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).
_Tinctura Tolutana (Tr. Tolu.), Tincture of Tolu, U.S.P._--Balsam of
tolu (20%) in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 85 per cent.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
=Baptisia (Baptis.), Baptisia, N.F.= (Wild Indigo Root).
ACTION AND USES: Without any definite known action;
formerly used in typhoid fever and diseases showing similar
symptoms.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Baptisiae (Fldext. Baptis.), Fluidextract of Baptisia,
N.F._--Baptisia (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 70 per cent.
DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).
=*Belladonnae Folia (Bellad. Fol.), Belladonna Leaves, U.S.P.= (Deadly
Nightshade Leaves, Belladonnae Folium, P.I.).--Yield not less than 0.3
per cent. of mydriatic alkaloids.
ACTION AND USES: Those of the hyoscyamine and atropine
(which see) contained therein.
DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.).
_*Emplastrum Belladonnae (Emp. Bellad.), Belladonna Plaster,
U.S.P._--Extract of belladonna leaves (30%), yielding about 0.37 per
cent. of alkaloids.
ACTION AND USES: Applied in the treatment of rheumatic
and similar pains.
_*Extractum Belladonnae Foliorum (Ext. Bellad. Fol.), Extract of
Belladonna Leaves, U.S.P._--One Gm. extract represents about 4 Gm.
belladonna leaves and yields about 1.25 per cent. of alkaloids. Two
forms: pilular extract of belladonna leaves and powdered extract of
belladonna leaves.
DOSAGE: 0.015 Gm. or 1/4 grain (U.S.P.).
_*Tinctura Belladonnae Foliorum (Tr. Bellad. Fol.), Tincture of
Belladonna Leaves, U.S.P._ (Belladonnae Tinctura, P.I.)--Belladonna
leaves (10%) yielding about 0.03 per cent. of alkaloids in alcohol.
Absolute alcohol content about 47 per cent.
DOSAGE: 0.75 Cc. or 12 minims (U.S.P.).
_*Unguentum Belladonnae (Ung. Bellad.), Belladonna Ointment,
U.S.P._--Pilular extract of belladonna leaves (10%) in diluted alcohol,
hydrous wool fat and benzoinated lard.
=Belladonnae Radix (Bellad. Rad.), Belladonna Root, U.S.P.= (Deadly
Nightshade Root).--Yields not less than 0.45 per cent. of mydriatic
alkaloids.
ACTION AND USES: Those of the hyoscyamine and atropine
(which see) contained therein.
DOSAGE: 0.045 Gm. or 3/4 grain (U.S.P.).
_Fluidextractum Belladonnae Radicis (Fldext. Bellad. Rad.), Fluidextract
of Belladonna Root, U.S.P._--Belladonna root (100%) yielding about 0.45
per cent. of alkaloids. Absolute alcohol content about 75 per cent.
DOSAGE: 0.05 Cc. or 1 minim (U.S.P.).
_Linimentum Belladonnae (Lin. Bellad.), Belladonna Liniment,
U.S.P._--Fluidextract of belladonna root (about 95%) and camphor (5%).
Absolute alcohol content about 70 per cent.
USES: A mildly analgesic and rubefacient application.
=Benzaldehydum (Benzaldehyd.), Benzaldehyde, U.S.P.=--Produced
synthetically or obtained from oil of bitter almonds.
A colorless or yellowish liquid, with a bitter-almond odor and a
burning, aromatic taste. Slightly soluble in water; miscible with
alcohol, ether, and fixed or volatile oils.
ACTION AND USES: Flavoring agent.
DOSAGE: 0.03 Cc. or 1/2 minim (U.S.P.).
=Benzinum Purificatum (Benzin. Purif.), Purified Petroleum Benzin,
U.S.P.= (Petroleum Ether).
A clear, colorless liquid, with an ethereal or faint petroleum
odor; highly inflammable. Practically insoluble in water, freely
soluble in alcohol and miscible with ether, chloroform, volatile
oils and fixed oils with the exception of castor oil.
ACTION AND USES: Pharmaceutic solvent.
=*Benzoinum (Benzoin.), Benzoin, U.S.P.= (Gum Benjamin).--A balsamic
resin.
ACTION AND USES: Used locally to promote healing, and
in inhalations as an expectorant.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).
_Tinctura Benzoini (Tr. Benz.), Tincture of Benzoin, U.S.P._--Benzoin
(20%) in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 83 per cent.
DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.).
_*Tinctura Benzoini Composita (Tr. Benz. Co.), Compound Tincture of
Benzoin, U.S.P._--Benzoin (10%), aloes (2%), storax (8%), balsam of tolu
(4%), in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 80 per cent.
USES: Protective and local stimulant, especially by
inhalation.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
=*Benzosulphinidum (Benzosulphinid.), Benzosulphinide, U.S.P.=
(Saccharin, Glusidum).
A white, nearly odorless powder with an intensely sweet taste even
in dilute solutions. Slightly soluble (1:290) in water and soluble
(1:31) in alcohol and readily dissolved by ammonia water or by a
solution of alkali hydroxides or of sodium bicarbonate.
ACTION AND USES: Sweetening agent in diabetes mellitus;
about 500 times as sweet as sugar, weight for weight.
=Berberis (Berber.), Berberis, N.F.= (Oregon Grape Root).--Rhizome and
roots.
ACTION AND USES: Probably similar to, but without
advantage over, hydrastis.
DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Berberidis (Fldext. Berberid.), Fluidextract of
Berberis, N.F._--Berberis (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per
cent.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
=Betaeucainae Hydrochloridum (Betaeucain. Hydrochl.), Betaeucaine
Hydrochloride, U.S.P.= (Eucaine Chloride, Eucaine; also known as
Benzamine Hydrochloride).
A white, odorless powder. Soluble in water (1:30) and in alcohol
(1:35).
ACTION AND USES: Local anesthetic.
DOSAGE: In a 2 or 3 per cent. solution for the eye or 5
to 10 per cent. solution for the nose and throat.
=*Betanaphthol (Betanaph.), Betanaphthol, U.S.P.= (Naphthol).
Colorless or pale buff crystalline laminae or white or yellowish
powder, with a faint phenol odor and a pungent taste. Only slightly
soluble in water (1:1000) and very soluble in alcohol (1:0.8).
ACTION AND USES: Antiseptic, somewhat stronger than
phenol and less toxic. Used in skin affections, and as
intestinal antiseptic and anthelmintic for hookworm.
DOSAGE: Internally, 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).
Externally as a 3 to 5 per cent. ointment.
_Pasta Betanaphtholis (Past. Betanaphthol.), Betanaphthol Paste, N.F._
(Lassar's Naphthol Paste).--Betanaphthol (10%) and precipitated sulphur
(50%) in petrolatum and soft soap.
_Petroxolinum Betanaphtholis (Petrox. Betanaphthol.), Betanaphthol
Petroxolin, N.F._ (Betanaphthol Petrox).--Betanaphthol (10%) in liquid
petroxolin.
=Bismuthi Betanaphtholas (Bism. Betanaph.), Bismuth Betanaphthol,
U.S.P.= (Bismuth Betanaphtholate; also sold as Orphol).--Of somewhat
varying composition.
A buff-colored or grayish-brown, nearly odorless, tasteless powder.
Nearly insoluble in water or alcohol.
ACTION AND USES: Used as an intestinal antiseptic, being
decomposed into its constituents in the intestine, where it
exerts the effects of bismuth salts and of betanaphthol.
DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.).
=Bismuthi et Ammonii Citras (Bism. et Ammon. Cit.), Bismuth and Ammonium
Citrate, U.S.P.= (Bismuth Ammoniocitrate).
Shining, pearly or translucent, odorless scales or white powder,
with a metallic taste. Very soluble in water and sparingly soluble
in alcohol.
ACTION AND USES: Somewhat astringent and irritating;
should not be used as a substitute for the insoluble salts
of bismuth. Its use in "bismuth elixirs" is irrational.
DOSAGE: 0.125 Gm. or 2 grains (U.S.P.).
=Bismuthi et Sodii Tartras, Bismuth and Sodium Tartrate.=
USES: An irrational method of administering bismuth.
_Elixir Bismuthi (Elix. Bismuth.), Elixir of Bismuth, N.F._--Glycerite
of bismuth (12.5%), in glycerin, water and aromatic elixir. Absolute
alcohol content about 10 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
_Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum, Ferri et Bismuthi (Elix. Cinchon. Ferr.
et Bism.), Elixir of Cinchona Alkaloids, Iron and Bismuth, N.F._ (Elixir
Cinchonae, Ferri et Bismuthi, N.F. III, Elixir of Calisaya, Alkaloidal,
with Iron and Bismuth).--Glycerite of bismuth (6.5%), elixir of
cinchona, alkaloids and iron (about 87%) and water. Absolute alcohol
content about 17 per cent.
DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).
_Glyceritum Bismuthi (Glycer. Bismuth.), Glycerite of Bismuth, N.F._--A
solution of bismuth and sodium tartrate.
_Liquor Bismuthi (Liq. Bism.), Solution of Bismuth, N.F._--Glycerite of
bismuth (12.5%), in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 12
per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm. (N.F.).
=Bismuthi Oxidum, Bismuth Oxide.=
_Magma Bismuthi (Magma Bism.), Bismuth Magma, U.S.P._ (Milk of
Bismuth).--A suspension in water of bismuth hydroxide and bismuth
subcarbonate, forming a thick, white opaque liquid.
USES: Used similarly to bismuth subcarbonate, over
which it has no advantage.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).
=*Bismuthi Subcarbonas (Bism. Subcarb.), Bismuth Subcarbonate,
U.S.P.=--Of varying chemical composition.
White or nearly white, odorless, tasteless powder. Insoluble in
water or alcohol.
ACTION AND USES: Used like other insoluble salts of
bismuth as a protective and healing agent against wounds,
diarrheas, etc., and in x-ray work.
DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.) in powders or
cachets or in suspension (best form)
=*Bismuthi Subgallas (Bism. Subgall.), Bismuth Subgallate, U.S.P.=
(Dermatol).--A basic bismuth gallate of varying chemical composition.
Bright yellow, odorless, tasteless powder. Insoluble in water or
alcohol.
ACTION AND USES: Similar to those of bismuth subcarbonate,
over which it has no advantage.
DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.).
=*Bismuthi Subnitras (Bism. Subnit.), Bismuth Subnitrate, U.S.P.=--Basic
bismuth nitrate of varying chemical composition.
A heavy, white, odorless, almost tasteless powder. Almost insoluble
in water and insoluble in alcohol. In aqueous mixtures,
incompatible with alkali carbonates because of the liberation of
nitric acid.
ACTION AND USES: Somewhat more astringent than the
subcarbonate, because of the liberation of nitric acid.
DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.). Preferably
administered as a powder or as cachets.
=Bismuthi Subsalicylas (Bism. Subsalicyl.), Bismuth Subsalicylate,
U.S.P.=--Basic bismuth salicylate, of varying chemical composition.
A white or nearly white, odorless, tasteless powder. Almost
insoluble in water or alcohol.
ACTION AND USES: Protective and astringent like other
insoluble salts of bismuth, over which it has no marked
advantage.
DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.).
=Boldo (Boldo), Boldo, N.F.= (Boldo Leaves).
ACTION AND USES: Aromatic, perhaps somewhat diuretic.
No well defined indications for its use.
DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Boldi (Fldext. Boldi), Fluidextract of Boldo,
N.F._--Boldo (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 80 per cent.
DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (N.F.).
=Brayera (Brayer.), Brayera, N.F.= (Kousso, Cusso).--Flowers.
ACTION AND USES: Teniacide; without advantage over
aspidium or pelletierine.
DOSAGE: 15 Gm. or 4 drachms (N.F.).
_Infusum Brayerae (Inf. Brayer.), Infusion of Brayera, N.F._--Brayera
(6%) in water.
DOSAGE: 250 Cc. or 8 fluidounces (N.F.).
=Bromoformum (Bromof.), Bromoform, U.S.P.=--CHBr{3}.
A heavy, clear, colorless liquid, with an ethereal odor and a sweet
taste resembling that of chloroform. Slightly soluble in water and
miscible with alcohol, chloroform, ether or fixed or volatile oils.
ACTION AND USES: Has been recommended as a sedative
in the treatment of whooping-cough. Opinions differ as to
its value.
DOSAGE: 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims (U.S.P.), preferably dissolved
in almond oil or dropped on sugar. Bromoform is
too dense to be dispensed safely with aqueous vehicles.
=Bromum (Bromum), Bromine, N.F.=--Br.
Heavy, dark, brownish-red, volatile liquid, with a suffocating odor
resembling that of chlorine. Soluble in water (1:90) and freely
soluble in alcohol or ether.
ACTION AND USES: Violent irritant; seldom used in
medicine.
_Liquor Bromi (Liq. Brom.), Solution of Bromine, N.F._, (Smith's
Solution of Bromine).--Bromine (8.3%), potassium bromide and water.
USES: Antiseptic and irritant
=Bryonia (Bryon.), Bryonia, N.F.= (Bryony).--Root.
ACTION AND USES: Drastic resinous cathartic; without
advantage over jalap. Used in dropsies, pleurisy, neuralgia,
etc.; of doubtful value.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).
_Tinctura Bryoniae (Tr. Bryon.), Tincture of Bryonia, N.F._--Bryonia
(10%) in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 90 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
=Buchu (Buchu), Buchu, U.S.P.= (Buchu Leaves, Short Buchu, Long Buchu).
ACTION AND USES: At one time largely used as antiseptic
and diuretic, especially in catarrhal cystitis. Value
doubtful.
DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).
_Elixir Buchu (Elix. Buchu), Elixir of Buchu, N.F._--Fluidextract of
buchu (12.5%) in alcohol and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content
about 35 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm.
_Elixir Buchu Compositum (Elix. Buchu Co.), Compound Elixir of Buchu,
N.F._--Compound fluidextract of buchu (25%) in aromatic elixir. Absolute
alcohol content about 30 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm.
_Elixir Buchu et Potassii Acetatis (Elix. Buchu et Pot. Acet.), Elixir
of Buchu and Potassium Acetate, N.F._--Potassium acetate (8.5%) and
elixir of buchu. Absolute alcohol content about 30 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm.
_Fluidextractum Buchu (Fldext. Buchu), Fluidextract of Buchu,
U.S.P._--Buchu (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 80 per cent.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
_Fluidextractum Buchu Compositum (Fldext. Buchu Co.), Compound
Fluidextract of Buchu, N.F._--Buchu (62.5%), cubeb, juniper and uva ursi
(each 12.5%). Absolute alcohol content about 55 per cent.
USES: A needlessly complex diuretic mixture.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
=Cacao Praeparata (Cacao Praep.), Cocoa, N.F.= (Prepared Cacao, Soluble
Cocoa).
ACTION AND USES: Beverage and flavor
=Cactus Grandiflorus (Cact. Grand.), Cactus Grandiflorus, N.F.= (Night
Blooming Cereus).--Fresh stems.
ACTION AND USES: Used in neurotic heart disturbances;
results probably imaginary. Drug apparently inactive.
_Tinctura Cacti Grandiflori (Tr. Cact. Grand.), Tincture of Cactus
Grandiflorus, N.F._--Cactus grandiflorus (50%) in alcohol. Absolute
alcohol content about 65 per cent.
DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).
=*Caffeina (Caffein.), Caffeine, U.S.P.= (Theine).--An alkaloid obtained
from coffee or tea.
White, silky, efflorescent needles, odorless and bitter. Soluble in
water (1:46) and in alcohol (1:66).
ACTION AND USES: Diuretic; cardiac, respiratory and
psychic stimulant. Used as a nerve stimulant in poisoning
by narcotic drugs and for the relief of headache.
Widely used to combat the circulatory depression of the
acute infectious diseases but its value in such conditions is
uncertain. As a diuretic probably inferior to theobromine.
DOSAGE: 0.15 Gm. or 2-1/2 grains (U.S.P.), in capsules.
_Caffeina Citrata (Caffein Cit.), Citrated Caffeine, U.S.P._--Caffeine
and citric acid equal parts.
White, odorless powder, with a slightly bitter, acid taste.
DOSAGE: 0.3 Gm. or 5 grains (U.S.P.), in solution or
capsules.
_Caffeina Citrata Effervescens (Caff. Cit. Eff.), Effervescent Citrated
Caffeine, U.S.P._--Contains anhydrous caffeine (about 2%), with sodium
tartrate and citrate.
DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (U.S.P.) in water.
=*Caffeinae Sodio-Benzoas (Caff. Sod. Benz.), Caffeine Sodio-Benzoate,
U.S.P.=--Caffeine and sodium benzoate about equal parts.
White, odorless powder, with a slightly bitter taste. Freely
soluble in water (1:1.1) and soluble in alcohol (1:30); partly
soluble in chloroform.
ACTION AND USES: The form of caffeine usually employed
for hypodermic administration, since it is freely soluble.
DOSAGE: By mouth, 0.3 Gm. or 5 grains (U.S.P.);
hypodermic, 0.2 Gm. or 3 grains (U.S.P.).
=Caffeinae Sodio-Salicylas (Caff. Sod. Salicyl.), Caffeine
Sodio-Salicylate, N.F.=--Represents equal parts of caffeine and sodium
salicylate.
White, odorless powder. Freely soluble in water (1:2).
DOSAGE: 0.2 Gm. or 3 grains (N.F.)
=Calamina Praeparata (Calamin. Praep.), Prepared Calamine, N.F.= (Lapis
Calaminaris).--Native zinc carbonate.
A pink powder. Insoluble in water.
ACTION AND USES: Protective, similar to zinc oxide,
over which it has no therapeutic advantage; has the cosmetic
advantage of being slightly pink.
_Unguentum Calaminae (Ung. Calamin.), Calamine Ointment, N.F._,
(Unguentum Zinci Carbonatis Crudi, Unguentum Calaminare, Turner's
Cerate).--Prepared calamine (17%) in ointment.
=Calcii Bromidum (Calc. Brom.), Calcium Bromide, U.S.P.=--Hydrated
calcium bromide (not less than 84 per cent. of CaBr{2}).
A white, odorless, deliquescent powder, with a sharp, saline taste.
Very soluble in water (1:0.7) and in alcohol (1:1.3). Incompatible
with alkali carbonates and phosphates.
ACTION AND USES: Similar to but more irritant than
sodium bromide, over which it has ordinarily no advantage,
although the calcium perhaps increases the sedative action.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains, preferably administered in
aqueous solutions, being too deliquescent for use in powder
or cachets.
_Elixir Calcii Bromidi (Elix. Calc. Brom.), Elixir of Calcium Bromide,
N.F._--Calcium bromide (8.5%) diluted hydrobromic acid (0.4%), syrup,
distilled water and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 7
per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
=*Calcii Carbonas Praecipitatus (Calc. Carb. Praec.), Precipitated
Calcium Carbonate, U.S.P.= (Precipitated Chalk).--CaCO{3}.
A fine, white, odorless, tasteless powder. Nearly insoluble in
water and insoluble in alcohol. Decomposed by acids with evolution
of carbon dioxide.
ACTION AND USES: Chiefly used as a basis for tooth
powder. Internally, employed as an antacid in diarrheas,
etc.; externally in mixtures with cream or oil, has been
used as an application to burns as an antacid and
protective.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.), as powder or in
suspension
=*Calcii Chloridum (Calc. Chlor.), Calcium Chloride, U.S.P.=--Hydrated
calcium chloride (not less than 75 per cent. of CaCl{2}).
White, hard, deliquescent, odorless masses or granules, with a
sharp, saline taste. Very soluble in water (1:0.62), and freely
soluble in alcohol (1:10).
ACTION AND USES: Used for the oral administration of
calcium. Employed in hemorrhagic conditions, in which
it is probably useless. Has also been advised in inflammatory
conditions of the skin and mucous membranes
(urticaria, serum-rashes, hay-fever, etc.).
DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.), in solution.
=Calcii Glycerophosphas (Calc. Glycerophos.), Calcium Glycerophosphate,
U.S.P.= (Calcium Glycerinophosphate).--CaC{3}H{7}O{6}P.
White, odorless, almost tasteless powder. Soluble in water (1:50)
and insoluble in alcohol.
ACTION AND USES: Formerly believed to be a tonic, and
used especially in neurasthenia, to improve the nutrition of
the nervous system. There is no reliable evidence that it
has any value.
DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.), in solution.
_Elixir Calcii et Sodii Glycerophosphatum (Elix. Calc. et Sod.
Glycerophos.), Elixir of Calcium and Sodium Glycerophosphates, N.F._
(Elixir Glycerophosphatum N.F. III).--Solution of sodium
glycerophosphate (2.5%), calcium glycerophosphate (0.875%), phosphoric
acid (0.8%), in glycerin, aromatic elixir and distilled water. Absolute
alcohol content about 7 per cent.
USES: An irrational and inefficient "tonic" mixture.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
=Calcii Hypophosphis (Calc. Hypophos.), Calcium Hypophosphite,
U.S.P.=--Ca(PH{2}O{2}){2}.
Colorless crystals or white powder, odorless and having a nauseous,
bitter taste. Freely soluble in water (1:6.5) and insoluble in
alcohol.