[Illustration: Ruddy Ducks]
The southeast sector is probably the least glamorous as far as birders
are concerned. It cannot offer the western specialties of the southwest
nor the northern species of the northeast, and it does not have the
reputation of the northwest for prairie species. Despite these deficits,
the southeast quarter offers some of the best birding in the state.
Contained within its boundaries is some of the finest prairie-pothole
habitat in the country. This is the breeding ground for thousands of
ducks and other marsh species. Adjacent to the countless seasonal and
permanent ponds are broad expanses of mixed-grass prairie, which support
large numbers of Upland Sandpipers, Sprague’s Pipits, Baird’s Sparrows,
Chestnut-collared Longspurs, and other prairie specialities of great
interest to the birder.
This quarter also offers excellent bottomland habitat along portions of
the Red, James, and Sheyenne Rivers. These floodplain forests support an
avifauna typical of eastern deciduous forests, thus making it attractive
to western birders. Large numbers of eastern warblers pass through
during migration, and on good days one may find as many as twenty
species (possibly more).
Marshlands in the southeast corner attract southern species, such as the
Little Blue Heron and King Rail. All in all, the southeast sector offers
a very diverse avifauna, and it should not be ignored by the visiting
birder.
a) Cass County
[Illustration: FARGO]
The city of Fargo (population 53,000—largest in North Dakota) lies in
the highly agricultural Red River Valley and is separated from Minnesota
only by the river. Birds found here are basically eastern in nature.
The Red River and its adjacent woodlands act as a funnel for migrating
passerines and provide food and cover in winter for the few species
which decide to stick out the long period of cold weather. Because of
this, wooded areas along the river are the most productive spots.
Probably the best place along the river is Lindenwood Park, which can be
reached in several ways. Coming from the east, take Interstate 94 west
from Moorhead, Minnesota. Turn right on the first exit after crossing
into North Dakota. This leads onto South University Drive. Stay in the
far right lane and turn right at the first signal light onto 18th Avenue
South. Go one block to the park entrance.
Beyond the entrance, the road forks. The right leads through the park.
The left (South Lindenwood Drive) follows the river for 0.8 mile and is
usually better for birding, because it is less crowded and has a greater
edge effect. South Lindenwood Drive is bordered in part on the left by a
large grassy triangle and on the right by a good variety of trees and
shrubs along the river.
Close to 175 species have been recorded here in the past ten years. Most
of the birds are characteristic of the eastern deciduous forest.
Exceptions include the Western Kingbird, Bobolink, Clay-colored Sparrow,
and Savannah Sparrow. All of these can often be seen from May to July in
the grassy triangle. In July the vegetation is cut, and the birds leave.
In migration the park is a mecca for flycatchers, thrushes, vireos,
warblers, and sparrows. All of the eastern _Empidonax_ flycatchers
(except the Acadian) can be found regularly, as can the Olive-sided
Flycatcher and Eastern Phoebe. All of the spot-breasted thrushes except
the Wood Thrush may be seen in good numbers every spring, and even it
manages to put in an appearance each year. Five species of vireos can be
seen in spring, the best of which is the Philadelphia Vireo. Also
occurring with regularity are twenty species of warblers, including
Orange-crowned, Cape May, Bay-breasted, and Connecticut.
Of all the fringillids using the park in migration, the most
sought-after is the Harris’ Sparrow. Fargo lies in its relatively narrow
migratory range. It may be seen (both spring and fall) in good numbers
at all parks in the area.
The following breeding species are shared with most other parks and
wooded habitats in the area: Wood Duck; Black-billed Cuckoo; Mourning
Dove; Great Horned Owl; Common Flicker; Red-headed, Hairy, and Downy
Woodpeckers; Great Crested and Least Flycatchers; Eastern Pewee;
American Crow; Blue Jay; Black-capped Chickadee; White-breasted
Nuthatch; House Wren; Gray Catbird; Brown Thrasher; Cedar Waxwing;
Yellow-throated, Red-eyed, and Warbling Vireos; Yellow Warbler; Northern
Oriole; Rose-breasted Grosbeak; Indigo Bunting; and Chipping and Song
Sparrows.
In winter check for owls, waxwings (Bohemian is common some winters),
grosbeaks (mainly Evening but some Pine), siskins, and crossbills (both
species).
Another productive location is the Riverside Cemetery. To get there from
Lindenwood Park turn left back onto 5th Street South. Go south for about
three blocks to the cemetery on the left. Although it attracts nowhere
near the number of birds that Lindenwood does, you are never bothered by
crowds of people, and it can be good in migration for warblers and
thrushes. Things are usually pretty dead in summer, but in winters when
there is an eruption of northern finches the cemetery is good for Red
Crossbills, Pine Siskins, and Pine Grosbeaks.
Oak Grove Park has essentially the same avifauna as Lindenwood Park. To
reach it from Lindenwood, turn right (north) on 5th Street South and
right on 13th Avenue South at the water treatment plant. Turn left on
4th Street South and go several blocks until you come to the YMCA, on
the left. Turn right at the signal light, and follow the road as it
bends around the river. Continue under the railroad tracks and past the
civic center on Second Street North. Take the first right after the
Shakey’s Pizza House (left side). There should be a sign pointing the
way to Oak Grove High School. After a few blocks the street becomes
South Terrace, which leads to the park just beyond the school gymnasium.
Most of the birds will be the same as those seen at Lindenwood, although
three species—the Common Screech-Owl, Pileated Woodpecker, and Northern
Cardinal—are more easily found here. The owl (seldom seen) is most often
heard calling on summer evenings from the trees across the river from
the athletic field. The woodpecker, which ranges widely along the river
in winter, has nested in the immediate vicinity in recent years. The
Northern Cardinal can be seen almost anywhere along the river in winter
(usually at feeding stations), but it is seen here more than anywhere
else during spring and summer. The Wood Duck and Spotted Sandpiper seem
to prefer this undisturbed stretch of the river.
Another good spot is not far from Oak Grove. From the park backtrack on
South Terrace and turn right on the first street beyond Fossom Hall, or,
if you wish, on the alley just behind it. Turn left on North Terrace,
and, when the street forks, go right on North River Road, which ends at
Mickelson Field. Most of this area has been converted into ball
diamonds, but there is still a strip of trees following the river which
can be productive on early mornings in migration. Walking is easy on the
bike trail, so a good stretch of the river can be readily covered. In
the early evening listen for the Common Screech-Owl, and keep an eye out
for Common Nighthawks and Chimney Swifts cruising over the ball
diamonds. Along the open stretch of the river, look for both Eastern and
Western Kingbirds. Check the banks closely for Wood Duck broods and
Spotted Sandpipers. Dead snags hanging over the water are favorite
perches of Belted Kingfishers and flycatchers.
Try walking north along the river to the dam. There is always some open
water which attracts over-wintering waterfowl, including an occasional
Common Goldeneye. Winter birds here are typical of the ones found along
the Red River in the Fargo area—Great Horned Owl; Pileated, Hairy, and
Downy Woodpeckers; Common Flicker; American Crow; Blue Jay; Black-capped
Chickadee; White-breasted and Red-breasted Nuthatches; Brown Creeper;
Cedar and Bohemian Waxwings; Northern Cardinal; Evening and Pine
Grosbeaks; Purple Finch; American Goldfinch; Pine Siskin; Red and
White-winged Crossbills; Northern Junco; and White-throated Sparrow.
Keep in mind that although some birds are often easy to find in winter,
their abundance varies drastically from year to year. The resident birds
are fairly stable, but winter visitors, such as the waxwings and
finches, may be everywhere one year and nowhere the next. Keep an eye
out for feeders, which are often the best places to find the northern
finches. If you have time for only one spot in spring, summer, or fall,
your best bet is Lindenwood Park. Under similar conditions in winter try
the Riverside Cemetery.
If you still have not found a Bohemian Waxwing, try driving through the
residential areas, keeping your eyes trained on the tops of bare trees
and on the ground near berry bushes. (It might also be wise to watch the
road from time to time.) The waxwings are especially fond of crab-apples
and highbush cranberries. This bird is very erratic, but in years when
it is common it can be found almost anywhere. Your first look may be of
a group of 20 or more perched high in a tree.
There should be no problem in separating this species from the Cedar
Waxwing, which is smaller and yellower in color. A good field mark for
the Bohemian is the reddish under-tail coverts. In flight the waxwings
give a Starling-like appearance.
If you are here in winter and need a respite from the cold, hop into
your car and try some open-country birding. Some good birds may be found
without leaving the warmth of the car. Using this technique, you will
really have to explore on your own. Take any of the main roads out of
Fargo, and go wherever the habitat and the plowed roads lead you. One
area in general that is usually pretty good can be reached by going
south on I-29 for about 6.0 miles from I-94. Then go about three miles
west to the town of Horace, and work your way south and west from there.
A word of caution should be heeded before setting out on back roads.
Snow and mud, which may prevail from December through early April, can
make these roads unfit for travel, especially for a large vehicle such
as a motor home. Many roads are little traveled, and help may be a long
time in coming. Being stranded in a North Dakota snowstorm is no joke.
Birding country roads can be productive from September through April. At
the right time in fall, hawks may be everywhere. On some days in late
September, every other post seems to have a hawk on it. Most will be
Red-tails and Northern Harriers, but watch for Swainson’s and
Ferruginous. If you are really living right, you may even turn up a
Peregrine Falcon. In September and October the fence lines, ditches, and
sloughs may hold a variety of sparrows, such as Savannah, Vesper, Field,
American Tree, Lincoln’s, White-throated, and Harris’. In October and
November, and again in March and April, watch for longspurs, which occur
by the thousands in some fields (look especially around marshy areas in
fall). Check carefully for a Smith’s or a Chestnut-collared, although
the vast majority will be Laplands. Two other birds to look for in
October and November are the Rough-legged Hawk and Short-eared Owl. A
few of each usually winter, but most occur only as late migrants. The
owl is somewhat diurnal and is often seen cruising over the fields like
a large, tawny moth.
Few species are found in the open areas in winter, but the ones present
are pretty choice. Large flocks of Snow Buntings will usually be the
most conspicuous birds. Buntings and Horned Larks often feed right along
the road. American Goldfinches and Common Redpolls are often abundant in
weed-filled ditches or in sunflower fields. Check redpoll flocks closely
for a Hoary, which is uncommon, but in good years not especially hard to
find.
Color in redpolls varies, so a light-colored bird does not always
signify a Hoary. The best field mark is the unstreaked, white rump.
Fortunately, this species has a habit of holding the wings in such a way
that the rump can be clearly seen.
Gray Partridge are often found in small flocks in the fields. At a
distance they look like large clumps of dirt against the white snow.
Rusty Blackbirds are sometimes encountered around farms. Watch also for
Northern Shrikes, which are usually perched in some conspicuous spot.
This species seems to prefer the sloughs, where there is an abundance of
the mice, voles, and shrews upon which it feeds.
Probably the most sought-after of the winter species is the Snowy Owl.
This bird may be seen right along I-29 on poles and signs. In some years
it is almost common, but hard to see if it is out in the middle of a
snow-covered field, where it can look amazingly like another lump of
snow-covered sod. Occasionally, it may linger until early April. When
some of the snow has melted, it is easier to see.
In April and May, flooded fields often make for good shorebirding with
several species present, including large numbers of Lesser Golden and
Black-bellied Plovers and such rarities as the Buff-breasted Sandpiper.
[Illustration: SEWAGE LAGOONS]
For shorebirding, one area stands out—the North Fargo Sewage Lagoons.
Start at the Beef and Bun Drive-In on the corner of 19th Avenue and
North University Drive in Fargo. Turn right on Cass County Road #31 and
go past the airport.
At County Road #20 jog left for 0.3 mile, and continue right again on
County Road #31 (gravel surface). Drive 2.5 miles and stop on the right
at the home of Art Lies. Ask for the key to the gate at the lagoons.
Make sure to explain that you are a birder, because illegal shooting has
occurred in the past. Art is a birder and will be able to tip you off to
any rare visitors at the lagoons.
From the house go a mile straight down the road, watching and listening
for Western Kingbirds, Dickcissels, and Clay-colored and Savannah
Sparrows. When the road winds to the right, continue straight at the
yield sign. The dikes on your left can be driven, so continue to the
gate, drive through, and make sure to reclose the lock.
There are six lagoons, and the bird life is different at each. Because
the water levels are constantly changed and controlled, this area is
especially productive during dry summers when the potholes in the area
dry up. Check the ponds with low water levels for shorebirds, pipits,
and longspurs.
Twenty-seven species of shorebirds have been found; most are typical of
similar habitat throughout the area—American Avocet; Lesser Golden
Plover (peak numbers have reached 6500 in late September); Black-bellied
Plover; Semipalmated Plover; Killdeer; Ruddy Turnstone; Marbled Godwit;
Willet; Red Knot; Dunlin; Sanderling; Lesser and Greater Yellowlegs;
Short-billed and Long-billed Dowitchers; Solitary, Spotted, Stilt (often
in large numbers), Pectoral, Baird’s, Least, White-rumped, Semipalmated,
and Western (uncommon) Sandpipers; Common Snipe; and Northern and
Wilson’s Phalaropes.
Both Sprague’s and Water Pipits occur in migration (most commonly in
fall and mostly in October). The latter species is much more common.
Longspurs appear by the thousands in October, especially in the fields
and ditches surrounding the lagoons. Although the majority will be
Laplands, check carefully for Smith’s and Chestnut-collared. Snow
Buntings can often be found by driving the dikes in November.
The ponds with deeper water are the ones to check for ducks and grebes.
Large concentrations occur in April, September, and October, when close
to twenty species of ducks and geese may be found. The geese are more
often seen resting on mud bars or on the dikes than on the water. Most
will be Canadas and Snows (both phases), but a few Greater
White-fronteds are seen. All of the ducks and grebes normal to the area
can be expected, and the lagoons have even managed to attract such
rarities (for this part of the state) as Oldsquaw (very early spring),
Greater Scaup (possibly regular but overlooked), White-winged Scoter,
and Red-necked Grebe. Other species found at the lagoons in the past
include Double-crested Cormorant, Sora, Franklin’s Gull, Bonaparte’s
Gull, and Black Tern. The gulls alone have presented quite a spectacle
on different occasions, with peak numbers of over 30,000 Franklin’s and
200 Bonaparte’s present at one time.
Make sure to lock the gate on the way out and return the key. Remember,
the accessibility of this area in the future depends upon you.
[Illustration: NORTH FARGO SEWAGE LAGOON]
Another fruitful spot for transient shorebirds and waterfowl is the West
Fargo Sewage Lagoons. To reach them, start at the signal light at Main
Avenue and 1st Street in West Fargo. Travel 1.0 mile north, turn left
(west), and continue for 1.0 mile to the lagoons. The water levels are
usually rather high, so shorebirds are not abundant. However, these
ponds do attract a large variety, including some of the larger ones such
as Marbled and Hudsonian Godwits. When the grassy ditches bordering the
ponds are filled with water, it is not unusual to find Common Snipe and
Wilson’s Phalarope.
The main attraction is the number of waterfowl using the lagoons in
migration. April seems to be the best month. The ducks, all in their
best spring plumages, appear to cover the water’s surface. The Lesser
Scaup is usually the most numerous, but several other species vie for
second honors. Mallards, Common Pintails, Gadwall, American Wigeon,
Northern Shovelers, Blue-winged Teal, Redheads, Canvasbacks, Ring-necked
Ducks, Ruddy Ducks, and Common Mergansers are usually common every
spring. Other species occurring in smaller numbers are Green-winged
Teal, Wood Duck, Common Goldeneye, and Bufflehead. The birder who has
the patience to check out all of the ducks present may turn up something
extra-special such as a Greater Scaup, Oldsquaw, White-winged Scoter,
Red-breasted Merganser, or Hooded Merganser. Common Loons; Eared,
Horned, and Pied-billed Grebes; Whistling Swans; Canada, Snow, and
Greater White-fronted Geese; and Northern Harriers also visit the
lagoons at some time.
[Illustration: WEST FARGO SEWAGE LAGOON]
[Illustration: RICHLAND COUNTY]
b) Richland County
To reach what may be the best river-bottom habitat in the southeast
sector, start from the town of Leonard (southern-most Cass County) and
go 1.0 mile south on State Highway 18. Turn left (east) on State Highway
46 and go 5.0 miles before turning right (south) on Highway 18 again as
it leaves Highway 46. Drive 4.0 miles and turn right (west). (If you
miss the turn, in another mile you will come to the Sheyenne River.) Go
5.0 miles and turn left (south). Stay on this road as it begins to
follow the river east. After about 5 miles, you may start birding.
This area is well-wooded with American elm, green ash, bur oak,
basswood, and many other species. There is also a lush under-story. It
is typical of Sheyenne River bottomlands throughout the area with one
important difference: this area is not posted nor fenced. It is one of
the few good stretches still open to the public. The birds are
representative of deciduous forest communities in this sector of the
state. Migrants pass through in large numbers, and, because of the great
amount of habitat available, this area holds one of the highest
densities of wintering birds in the state.
Three species could be considered as specialties of the area—Barred Owl,
Pileated Woodpecker, and Scarlet Tanager. All nest in the vicinity. This
is the only area in the state where the Barred Owl is known to nest, and
the other two species are quite restricted as well.
After 7.6 miles turn left (north) at the 4-H sign. After 2.3 miles you
will reach the road on which you entered. Turn right (east) and continue
4.0 miles back to Highway 18.
c) Sargent County
The Tewaukon National Wildlife Refuge, an area for transient and nesting
waterfowl and marsh species, can be reached by starting just north of
Cayuga at State Highway 11 and going south on County Road #12 through
the town. After 4.7 miles you may turn left on a dirt road, which wraps
around Lake Tewaukon. However, you may wish to continue on to the
headquarters (turn left at a sign 5.5 miles south of starting point) to
get a map, bird-list, and current information on birds and road
conditions.
There are four large water-areas on the refuge—Lake Tewaukon, Cutler
Marsh, White Lake, and Clouds Lake. All are supplied by the Wild Rice
River and its tributaries. The refuge also contains several hundred
acres of upland terrain dotted with potholes.
Perhaps the most spectacular aspect of the bird life is the numbers of
geese which stop here in migration. Spring flights are greater than
those in fall, with peak populations of over 100,000 geese (mostly Snow
Geese of both color phases) present at one time. In addition, large
numbers of ducks pass through, and several species nest. Eared, Western
and Pied-billed Grebes all nest, and small numbers of American White
Pelicans and Double-crested Cormorants can be seen throughout the
summer.
Although the great numbers of geese usually get the most raves from
out-of-staters, there is a more interesting side to the refuge from the
North Dakota birder’s standpoint. It and other similar marshlands in the
southeastern sector draw into the state several species with more
southern affinities. A good example is the Great Egret. A rare migrant
and late-summer visitor over the rest of the state, here, it is fairly
common in late summer. Other species which could fall into such a
category include Little Blue Heron, Cattle and Snowy Egrets, Least
Bittern, White-faced Ibis, American Black Duck, and King Rail. All are
decidedly rare, not only here but throughout the state. Although most
occur every year, they are not to be expected by the visiting birder,
but they do show the potential of the area.
Besides attracting all of the common migratory shorebirds, the refuge
can boast of nesting Willets, Marbled Godwits, and Upland Sandpipers.
Soras and Virginia Rails are fairly common in the marshy areas, as are
Marsh and Sedge Wrens. Sharp-tailed and Le Conte’s Sparrows are uncommon
nesters in wet, grassy areas. The Swamp Sparrow (fairly common in
migration) should be watched for in summer, because there are a few
colonies nesting in the county. Yellow-headed Blackbirds are abundant,
and in some years Short-eared Owls nest. Some of the more interesting
upland species include Gray Partridge, Bobolink, Dickcissel, Lark
Bunting, Grasshopper Sparrow, Clay-colored Sparrow, and
Chestnut-collared Longspur.
d) Ransom County
A nice woodland area may be reached by going west on State Highway 46
from State Highway 32 about four miles west of Enderlin. Go 12.6 miles
and turn left (south) at the sign to Little Yellowstone State Park.
This park is not an outstanding birding spot, but it can be good in
spring and fall, and it does offer a pleasant spot to camp. It is well
wooded and therefore good for any of the species typical of this
habitat, as well as for accipiters and owls (Great Horned and Common
Screech). Most of the transient warblers found at Fargo also occur here,
although some of the more marginal eastern species, such as the Northern
Parula, are not to be expected this far west. Large numbers of sparrows
frequent the brushier areas during migration. Some of the more abundant
species include White-throated, White-crowned, Harris’, Lincoln’s,
American Tree, and Field Sparrows.
e) Barnes County
[Illustration: BARNES COUNTY]
Lake Ashtabula, located predominantly in Barnes County, provides several
interesting birding spots. One of the best is around Baldhill Dam. To
reach the dam from Valley City, take Main Street East through the
downtown area. Take the first right (Central Avenue North) after the
city park and follow the signs for Lake Ashtabula, Baldhill Dam, and the
Fish Hatchery. At 12th Street Northeast turn right. After 0.3 mile turn
left at a sign for the dam. Continue for 0.8 mile and turn left after
the grain elevator toward Wesley Acres. After 1.8 miles the fish
hatchery will be on your left.
The Valley City National Fish Hatchery grounds provide prime birding for
woodland passerines, especially during migration. The ponds are often
good in spring and early summer for American White Pelicans,
Double-crested Cormorants, Black and Forster’s Terns, and all of the
swallows found in the state. Later in summer when the ponds are being
drawn down for fish removal, there can be excellent viewing of
shorebirds. A display of captive waterfowl is located on the grounds,
where you may drool over (but not count) Barnacle Geese and others.
After leaving the hatchery, continue north on the same road, keeping an
eye out for Wild Turkeys in the field to your left. These turkeys have
been stocked and restocked by the fish and game department until a
sizable flock has been built up. The most consistent spot along this
road for seeing them is on your left in 2 to 4 miles. The road forks 6.6
miles north of the hatchery. The left fork winds up at Baldhill Dam. By
going straight, you will come to a recreation area after 0.8 mile. You
can get from one spot to the other by walking the dike.
[Illustration: Yellow-headed Blackbird]
The area surrounding the dam contains many diversified habitats. Almost
any type of bird may be found here: grebe, waterfowl, wader, shorebird,
raptor, gallinaceous fowl, gull, tern, or passerine. The grassy
hillsides around the parking lot may harbor Ring-necked Pheasants in any
season. A footbridge over the dam and onto the dike is a good vantage
point, providing a good view of a stretch of the Sheyenne River below
the dam. Both Eastern and Western Kingbirds may be seen on the hillsides
leading down to the river, and as many as six species of swallows
(Cliff, Barn, Tree, Bank, Rough-winged, and Purple Martin) hawk for
insects over the river. The Cliff and Tree are the most numerous.
American White Pelicans and Black-crowned Night Herons can usually be
seen fishing directly below the dam. This is also a good place to check
in winter and early spring for Common Goldeneye and Common Merganser. By
scanning the sandbars farther downstream, you should be able to find
several species of shorebirds during migration. Ring-billed Gulls will
be constantly circling overhead from spring to fall. In spring and fall
keep your eyes and ears open for flocks of geese and Sandhill Cranes
flying overhead.
Across the bridge, there are steps down the side of the dike to several
settling ponds which are productive in migration for shorebirds such as
Semipalmated Plover, Baird’s Sandpiper, both species of yellowlegs, and
Marbled and Hudsonian (rare) Godwits. Franklin’s Gulls may be seen in
numbers in spring and fall (especially in October).
If you visit the dam from the recreation area, walk down the side of the
dike and check the river at the first point available. The water ends
here in a quiet pool surrounded by trees and brush. Oftentimes, a Green
Heron will fly as you enter. This has been a consistent spot for it.
Black-crowned Night Herons, Wood Ducks, and Spotted Sandpipers are
common along the river from here to below the dam. In May the brush and
trees are often crawling with warblers. In September and October, the
brushy borders are full of sparrows, including Song, Lincoln’s,
White-throated, White-crowned, and Harris’.
The wooded ravines will usually produce the following nesting species:
Eastern and Western Kingbirds, Great Crested and Least Flycatchers,
Eastern Pewee, Cedar Waxwing, Yellow Warbler, Northern Oriole, Indigo
Bunting, and Rose-breasted Grosbeak.
From the recreation area continue northeast for 2 miles and turn left
(north) on the first intersecting road. After about 2 more miles you
will come to a sign reading “Sundstrom’s Landing Recreational Area”. On
the right across from the sign, a gravel trail leads up the small hill
to some prairie habitat worth investigating. Look for Eastern Bluebird,
Dickcissel, and Grasshopper Sparrow. Clay-colored Sparrows are
particularly numerous. Before birding this spot continue for 0.2 mile to
the recreation area to park your car. For easterners, the bird of most
interest is the Western Kingbird, a sure thing at the recreation area.
American White Pelicans can be seen from the point, and Western Grebes
are occasionally found. Check small wooded ravines in the area for
migrant passerines.
One of the best spots in Barnes County for viewing migrating waterfowl
and shorebirds is Hobart Lake National Wildlife Refuge. The lake can be
seen from I-94, about 7.0 miles west of Valley City. However, there is
no place along the interstate to stop and scan. For viewing purposes,
take I-94 west from Valley City and turn right (north) at Exit 1 for 1.4
miles to the lake.
Large numbers of Snow and Canada Geese use the refuge in migration, and
American White Pelicans are usually present during early and mid-summer.
Grebes, shorebirds, and some ducks can be found throughout the summer.
The refuge is especially good for Whistling Swans, with up to 1,000 or
more present for several weeks in fall.
Continue past Hobart Lake for 2.9 miles to the Sanborn Waterfowl
Production Area. This marshy area is good for Soras and Virginia Rails,
Marsh Wrens, and, when the water levels are low, shorebirds. Watch also
for Le Conte’s and Sharp-tailed Sparrows. Continue west on Highway 1 for
another 3.9 miles to check a large alkaline lake that is excellent for
shorebirds.
A fruitful spot for migrant and breeding passerines is the Clausen
Springs Recreational Area. To reach it, go south on Highway 1 from I-94
for 15.5 miles, turn left (east), and follow the signs to the springs.
If you are coming from the south, go north on Highway 1 for 2.0 miles
past Highway 46 (not far from Little Yellowstone State Park), turn right
(east), and follow the signs.
This can be a delightful spot to bird on a hot summer day! There is a
small lake, a pleasant stream, and lots of trees for shade. It is good
for all of the regular migrant flycatchers, warblers, vireos, and
sparrows. It also attracts some interesting breeding birds, one of which
is the Orchard Oriole. This is one of the better spots in the
southeastern sector for this species. Other nesting species include
Belted Kingfisher, Western Kingbird, Least Flycatcher, Eastern Pewee,
House Wren, Eastern Bluebird, Yellow Warbler, Rose-breasted Grosbeak,
and Song Sparrow. Clay-colored Sparrows are common on the grassy
hillsides, and the lake occasionally attracts some ducks or shorebirds.
f) Stutsman County
The best birding area in this county, Arrowwood National Wildlife
Refuge, ranks as one of the best in the state. The starting point is the
north edge of Edmunds (northwest of Jamestown on U.S. Highway 281). From
here, turn right (east) at the refuge sign onto County Road #44. After
5.4 miles you may turn left to the headquarters, or just beyond you may
turn right for the self-guided auto tour.
A visit to the headquarters is suggested, not only for information but
also for some good viewing of waterbirds along the way. In summer look
for Western, Eared, Horned, and Pied-billed Grebes; American White
Pelican; Double-crested Cormorant; numerous ducks; gulls (including an
occasional California); terns; shorebirds; swallows; and blackbirds. Ask
at the office for a map, checklist, and information on desired species
and access to other parts of the refuge.
While here, you may wish to inquire about Chase Lake National Wildlife
Refuge, which is administered from Arrowwood. This lake is of interest
because it has what is reputed to be the largest nesting colony of
American White Pelicans in the world. Large numbers of Double-crested
Cormorants and Ring-billed and California Gulls nest here.
Access is limited in order that people will not disturb the birds. The
only roads leading to the lake are better described as trails and, for
the most part, do not get too close. This is no real loss, because all
of the species here can be found easily elsewhere.
The auto tour at Arrowwood is a must. In summer check the boggy areas
surrounded by weedy fields at the start of the tour for Willow
Flycatcher, Marsh and Sedge Wrens, Bobolink, Dickcissel, and Savannah,
Grasshopper, Clay-colored, Le Conte’s (uncommon), and Sharp-tailed
(uncommon) Sparrows. Most of the route traverses fine grasslands dotted
with many species of shrubs, including silverberry and wolfberry. In
these areas watch for Sharp-tailed Grouse, Gray Partridge, Upland
Sandpiper, Sprague’s Pipit, Baird’s Sparrow, and Chestnut-collared
Longspur.
Other nesting species include Black-crowned Night Heron; American
Bittern; Gadwall; Common Pintail; Mallard; Green-winged, Blue-winged,
and Cinnamon (rare) Teals; American Wigeon; Northern Shoveler; Wood
Duck; Redhead; Ring-necked Duck; Canvasback; Lesser Scaup; Ruddy Duck;
Swainson’s Hawk; Northern Harrier; Ring-necked Pheasant; Sora; Virginia
Rail; American Coot; Willet; Marbled Godwit; American Avocet; Wilson’s
Phalarope; Forster’s and Black Terns; Long-eared Owl (rare); Eastern and
Western Kingbirds; Black-billed Magpie (uncommon); Loggerhead Shrike
(uncommon); Yellow-headed Blackbird; and Lark Bunting.
g) Kidder County
[Illustration: KIDDER COUNTY]
The Baird’s Sparrow is rather common in the area surrounding Salt
Alkaline Lake. To reach the lake take the Crystal Springs Exit (#18) off
I-94, drive west on the lateral road along the north side for 1.5 miles,
and turn north. After 1.7 miles you will pass a lake on the right side
with a sign saying “Waterfowl Production Area”. There is another on the
left. Salt Alkaline Lake is 2.7 miles ahead on the left. At 5.0 miles
from the freeway, turn left for a closer look.
Both Salt Alkaline Lake and the lake before it have grassy borders,
which are summer havens for Baird’s Sparrows. In 1976, Burrowing Owls
nested in bordering fields and should be watched for again. Also check
for migrant ducks and shorebirds. The mixed-grass prairie along the road
is good for Chestnut-collared Longspur.
A prime spot for Sprague’s Pipit is also within easy reach of I-94 in
Kidder County. Take the Tappen Exit (#46) and drive 4.0 miles north on
County Road #71 to an extensive pond. Check the grassy margins for the
pipit. This area has one of the highest breeding densities in the state.
For best results the entire marshy area should be skirted. To do so
drive another 1.0 mile north, 1.0 mile west, 2.0 miles south, and then
1.0 mile east back to County Road #71. By walking the appropriate grassy
edges, you should have little problem in finding the bird. Just remember
to respect any “No Trespassing” signs that might be encountered.
Still another great location is the Alkaline Lake Game Area. From Tappen
(Exit #46) go south for 15.0 miles on County Road #71, and turn left
(east) for 2.6 miles to the lake.
This large alkaline lake is a mecca for waterbirds in spring, summer,
and fall. All of the regular grebes of North Dakota occur at one time or
another. The Western Grebe nests in abundance. American White Pelicans
and Double-crested Cormorants can usually be found, because they range
far from their nesting area on Chase Lake. Large numbers of all of the
regular ducks, gulls (watch for California), and terns can be expected
from April to October. This lake is especially good for shorebirds,
among them American Avocet, Semipalmated and Piping (uncommon—nests)
Plovers, both yellowlegs, Willet, Stilt Sandpiper, both dowitchers,
Ruddy Turnstone (rare), Pectoral Sandpiper, Dunlin (rare), Sanderling,
all of the peeps, and Wilson’s and Northern Phalaropes.
The Slade National Wildlife Refuge can be productive for waterbirds, but
it is not outstanding. Skip it if time is limited. To reach the refuge
take Exit #45 (Dawson) from I-94, and turn south on State Highway 3.
After 3.0 miles turn left (east) at the sign. On the way you will pass a
nice marsh where large numbers of grebes (especially Eared and Western),
ducks, gulls, and terns congregate. Just 0.3 mile after turning there is
a fork. Here you may go either straight (east) to the headquarters, or
right (south) through a segment of the refuge.
h) Logan County
[Illustration: LOGAN COUNTY]
Probably the best birding in this county lies in and around Beaver Lake
State Park. From Napoleon, travel south on State Highway 3 for about
eight miles, turn left (east) at the sign, and drive 6.5 miles to
Burnstad. At this point there are two routes. The left (north) goes 2.0
miles to the park itself. (There are plenty of signs marking the way.)
The other goes south on a dirt road for 1.7 miles to several extensive
ponds and marshy areas.
The lake may be good in migration for loons, grebes, waterfowl,
pelicans, and cormorants. It has a lot of open water that is deep enough
to attract some of the rarer northern ducks such as Oldsquaw, Black
Scoter, or White-winged Scoter. The few trees and brushy tangles should
be checked in spring and fall for passerines, especially sparrows (The
Harris’ can be common at times.).
The ponds south of Burnstad can be particularly productive for all marsh
species from spring through fall. Close views may be obtained of
American White Pelicans, Double-crested Cormorants, Great Blue Herons,
Black-crowned Night Herons, American Bitterns, Soras, Virginia Rails,
Black and Forster’s Terns, Marsh Wrens, Common Yellowthroats,
Yellow-headed Blackbirds, and almost any grebe, duck, or shorebird
common to the state.