See CAROLINGIA; and FRANKS: A. D. 768-814.
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KARS: A. D. 1854-1856.
Siege and capture by the Russians.
Restoration to Turkey.
See RUSSIA: A. D. 1854-1855 and 1854-1856.
KARS: A. D. 1877.
Siege and capture by the Russians.
See TURKS: A. D. 1877-1878.
KARS: A. D. 1878.
Cession to Russia.
See TURKS: A. D. 1878 THE TREATIES.
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