_The Scene of Action transferred to Missouri.--The Chase becoming
Hot._
On the twenty-second of November, William learned that a letter had
arrived at Gillem Station, postmarked Verona, Missouri, November 13, and
he immediately took measures to obtain this letter. Three days later he
learned its contents, which were of such an important character as to
give a new direction to our efforts. The letter read as follows:
"VERONA, MO., Nov. 13, 1871.
"MY DEAR COUSIN:
"I seat myself to answer your kind letter, which came to hand last
evening, and was glad to hear from you, and hear you was well and
doing well. I have nothing new to write, only that we are all well
at present, hoping that when these few lines come to hand they may
find you well and doing well as ever, as you say you have been
doing very well. It must be a good thing if it could stay so.
Sometimes it was well and sometimes it wasn't, but I hope it will
stay so, as you say it is a soft thing--as soft as things gets to
be. I would like to see something like that, you bet. You talk like
it can't be beat. That is the thing to take in. I think, and I know
you think it, for I saw your name. I guess I did see you. You know
Mr. Crapmel? He is a great fellow; you bet it is so. I have nothing
more to write at present, as you said you are going to start out
here. You said you was coming by here. Cousin, if you do come by,
we don't live where we did when you were here; we live two miles
nearer Verona. Come the same road. We live now half mile off the
road on John Ellis' place. You can find out where we live anywhere.
Come out the same road you did when you came before. John Timothy
has just come out here; has been out here about three weeks. He is
well satisfied here. So I will close for this time.
"From your cousin,
"J. M. DURHAM.
"M. F. sends her love to all of the family. Excuse my bad writing
and bad spelling."
It was evident that Mrs. Farrington had previously written to her cousin
informing him of her intention to visit him soon, and this letter was
intended to direct her to the new location. The allusions in the letter
to the "good thing" in which she was engaged showed that the writer had
been made aware of the Farringtons' success as express robbers, and that
he quite approved of their operations.
On reading this letter, William sent a copy to me immediately, and
suggested that one or two good men be sent to Verona to get work near
this man Durham, and to get into the confidence of the family, so that,
when Mrs. Farrington should arrive, she would not be likely to suspect
any one who had come before her. I fully approved of William's plan,
and, on the last day of November, Detectives George W. Cottrell and
Arthur C. Marriott started for Verona. I inferred that the people in
that vicinity were rather lawless and desperate characters, from the
fact that Durham spoke of "John Timothy" being well satisfied there. On
the principle that "birds of a feather flock together," I judged the
Farringtons, the Durhams, and this fellow Timothy to belong to the same
type of people; hence, I concluded that, if Durham and Timothy were
satisfied with the country, the people living there must be congenial
spirits, especially since Mrs. Farrington was about to make a place of
refuge in that vicinity.
My two men were detained a day in St. Louis, and they did not arrive in
Verona until the second of December. The first thing they noticed about
the town was the total absence of liquor saloons, and a few minutes'
conversation with one or two of the citizens convinced them that no more
orderly, honest, law-abiding community existed in Missouri than the
population of Lawrence County. This discovery made a marked change in
their plans necessary, as my instructions to them had been based upon
the supposition that they would find a number of robbers, horse-thieves,
and counterfeiters around Verona, and that they would be easily able to
get Durham's confidence by appearing as reckless and desperate as any
one. They had each prepared a choice autobiography for use among the
residents, and, according to their own intended accounts of themselves,
two greater scoundrels never went unhung.
All this was necessarily useless in the changed circumstances
surrounding them. To attempt the _role_ of criminal characters, hiding
from justice, would quickly cause their banishment from the place, or
possibly their arrest, and a new plan was essential. Their instructions
had been that they should not put any confidence in any one, and they
were obliged to invent a plausible reason for their presence there; also
to have some business which would enable them to ride about the country,
making inquiries and scouting for Mrs. Farrington and her sons.
Finding that the railroad company had a land agent in Verona, Cottrell
decided to represent themselves as would-be purchasers of land. This
would give them an excuse for going all over the county, examining
different farms and unimproved tracts. They were introduced to Mr.
Purdy, the land agent, by the hotel clerk, and from him they obtained a
map of the county. It was then agreed that Mr. Purdy should go out with
Cottrell and Marriott on Tuesday, December 5, to look at some pieces of
property which the railroad company wished to sell. During Sunday and
Monday both of the detectives were trying to learn where Durham lived,
but no one seemed to know; neither could any one tell them anything
about John Ellis, upon whose farm Durham had said he was living. The
idea that Mrs. Farrington was rapidly pushing west, toward Durham's
place, made Cottrell very anxious to begin operations as quickly as
possible, since, if she should arrive before the detectives were
established in the vicinity, there would be great difficulty in working
into her confidence, as she would instantly suspect their true
character; whereas, if she should find them already there, she would
have no possible occasion to distrust them. They therefore thought best
to confide the real object of their visit to Mr. Purdy, the land agent,
and to ask his advice and assistance. Mr. Purdy had been an officer in
the Union army during the war of the rebellion, and had settled in
Verona at the close of the war. He was evidently an honorable man, who
would always be found on the side of law and order, and as he was very
popular in Verona, he would be able to give them a great deal of
assistance in capturing the Farrington party. On communicating with me
by telegraph on this point, they stated the facts briefly, and I
authorized them to confer with Mr. Purdy on the subject, at the same
time forwarding full instructions by letter.
On Tuesday, therefore, they told the whole story to Mr. Purdy, and
showed him their credentials. He was quite astonished at their
revelations, but he was very hearty and sincere in his expressions of
good will toward them, and he promised to aid them in every possible
way. He knew John Ellis quite well, having sold him the farm on which
he was living, and he had heard of Durham, who hired a small portion of
the Ellis farm. He said that if force should be necessary to capture the
Farrington party, he could raise fifty determined men in ten minutes to
help the officers. He said that after the war Verona had been a very bad
place for a short time, but that, as Eastern men began to settle there,
the respectable people had tried to drive out the hard cases; this had
been slow work at first, but they eventually had been completely
successful; they not only had driven out the dangerous characters, but
they had closed all the liquor saloons also; and now, having once got
rid of them, they would take care not to let any of that class of people
back again.
Mr. Purdy was called away for a day or two on business, but he promised,
on his return, to go with the detectives to Durham's place, and,
meantime, he said he would speak of them as gentlemen who intended
buying land in that section, and who wished to ride over the country
until they found a place which satisfied them. During the next three
days, therefore, they learned nothing new, their time being occupied in
scouting the road along which they expected Mrs. Farrington to come.
Thus the first week of December passed, and the operation was not
progressing very favorably anywhere. Ball and Bledsoe had reported Mrs.
Farrington's route up to the thirtieth of November, and she had moved
quite rapidly up to that date, but nothing had been learned since, and I
expected to hear of her arrival at Verona every day. She had gone from
Cairo to Frederickstown, Missouri, and thence to Ironton; then, instead
of following a direct road, she had struck up north to Potosi, in
Washington County; again taking a westerly route, she had passed through
Steelville, Crawford County, and on the thirtieth of November, she had
camped at Waynesville, Pulaski County. Beyond this we knew nothing of
her movements, although by the eighth of December she had had ample time
to reach Verona.
William had spent this week in following up a clue received from
Louisville, Kentucky. It will be remembered that about November 9, a
pair of dashing women had been reported as having visited the banks in
Kansas City, trying to get large bills for about eight thousand dollars
in small bills. I had not believed the story at that time, and therefore
had taken no steps to follow them. When William learned from Louisville,
however, that a woman named Annie Martin, whom Levi Farrington had been
in the habit of supporting on the proceeds of his robberies, had been
staying there with another woman named Lillie Baker, who had sustained
the same relations to Barton, it occurred to him that these might have
been the women who were said to have been in Kansas City with so much
money. He started at once for Louisville, at the same time telegraphing
to me his suspicions in the matter, and I began inquiries again in
Kansas City by telegraph. I could learn very little except from the
teller of one bank, who described the women as well as he could remember
their appearance; but the description was not accurate enough to
determine whether these two women had or had not been Annie Martin and
Lillie Baker. In Louisville, however, William learned that these women
had been there recently, and they had appeared to be well supplied with
money. They had not remained very long, but had gone to New Orleans,
where they were then living in good style. As Mr. O'Brien, the general
superintendent of the express company, was in New Orleans, the
information was sent to him, and he agreed to have a sharp watch kept to
discover Farrington and Barton, in case they should follow these women.
On the eighth of December, Cottrell, Marriott, and Mr. Purdy started on
horseback to visit John Ellis's farm, where the Durhams lived. About a
mile before arriving there, they met a farmer named Wisbey, who was a
neighbor of Ellis and the Durhams. Without letting him into their
confidence, they talked with him a long time, and gradually drew out a
number of important facts. The Durham family consisted of two brothers
and a young sister living with their mother, old Mrs. Durham, and they
rented a small house on a part of the Ellis farm. Nothing positive had
ever been discovered against the character of either James or Tilman
Durham, but the neighbors had a poor opinion of them, and kept a pretty
close watch upon their actions. During the previous fall a young man
had visited them for some time, and his description was exactly that of
Levi Farrington; but Wisbey could not tell his name, though he promised
to learn it, and let Mr. Purdy know Mr. Wisbey was a downright honest,
intelligent man, and Mr. Purdy asked him to learn everything possible
about the Durhams and their visitors; in case any wagons should arrive,
it was agreed that he should send word to Mr. Purdy instantly. There was
no occasion for telling him the whole story, as he was quite willing to
undertake the trust on the strength of Mr. Purdy's request, without
asking further particulars; and, as he was a thoroughly discreet man,
there was little danger that he would betray his mission by idle
talking. The detectives and Mr. Purdy then returned to Verona, it being
considered undesirable that they should visit the Durhams, lest they
might possibly excite suspicion.
The day following their visit to Wisbey, he arrived in Verona and told
Cottrell that he had sent his son-in-law, Mr. Stone, to see Jim Durham,
and the latter had said that he was expecting the arrival of some
relatives very soon. He had learned further that the young man who had
visited Durham in the latter part of the previous September had given
his name as Levi Farrington, and had passed as the beau of the young
Durham girl. In speaking of him, Jim Durham had told Mr. Stone that he
did not wish his sister to marry Farrington, as the latter was a
dangerous man, and had recently killed a man in a quarrel, while those
who stood about were too much afraid of him to arrest him. Mr. Wisbey
then returned home, with instructions to alternate with Mr. Stone in
secretly watching Durham's place, so that every occurrence might be at
once reported.
On the tenth of December I received a dispatch from Mr. O'Brien, saying
that the express agent at Springfield, Missouri, had telegraphed to him
on the eighth that the wagons of Mrs. Farrington's party had camped five
miles from Springfield, and that the three men were known to be sixty
miles south of Rolla. Mr. O'Brien therefore requested me to send a good
detective to meet Connell in St. Louis, whence they would go together to
capture the men at Rolla. I at once sent one of my best men, named
Martin Galway, with instructions to join Connell, and, in case the Rolla
report should prove to be a false alarm, they were to go on to Verona to
assist Cottrell and Marriott. I had hardly completed my instructions to
Galway, ere I received a telegram in cipher from Cottrell, as follows:
"Levi Farrington and a man calling himself George Cousins are at
Durham's. They came on Thursday evening. Shall I arrest them? I can get
all the help I need."
I immediately replied, also by a cipher dispatch, as follows:
"Are you sure it is Levi Farrington? His brother and Barton will
probably be at Verona soon. We must get the whole. I think they will
come from Douglas County. Probably Connell and Galway will be with you
by Monday or Tuesday night; they can identify the men. Mrs. Farrington
will be at Durham's by Sunday night or Monday morning. Keep a cool,
clear head, and advise with Purdy. Have written by mail to-night. Keep
me posted. William will arrive by Tuesday."
At the same time I wrote full instructions to Cottrell, ordering him to
keep a close watch upon the men at Durham's, but to take no action until
William should arrive, unless they attempted to go away. I did not alter
Galway's instructions, but I telegraphed to William to start for Verona
at once, to take charge of the operations there. The chase was now
becoming hot, and a few days would decide the question of success or
failure. I had reason to believe that the outlaws would not be taken
without a desperate resistance, and I was anxious to have William
present to direct the attack.
On Sunday, the tenth, Cottrell and Marriott rode out to see Wisbey, who
met them just outside of Verona and informed them that Levi Farrington
had arrived at Jim Durham's late Thursday night, accompanied by a young
man named George Cousins. They did not receive my reply to their
telegram announcing this fact until late that day, and so they could do
nothing toward satisfying themselves as to Levi Farrington's identity
until next morning, when they visited Wisbey at his own house. Mr.
Stone, Wisbey's son-in-law, had met a man named Smothers, who worked
for Jim Durham, and Smothers had told him all about the two men who had
just arrived. According to their own account, they had left Mrs.
Farrington at Ash Grove, in Greene County, where she was going to buy a
farm, Levi having given her five thousand dollars for that purpose; Levi
and Cousins were on their way to Kansas, where they intended to settle
down to raise cattle; Levi's brother was said to be at Lester's Landing
for the purpose of selling off a stock of groceries which they owned
there. Both men were well armed, having three navy revolvers and a
shot-gun.
When this news was transmitted to me by telegraph, I decided that this
man Cousins must be Barton, and that Hillary Farrington might possibly
be at Lester's Landing, as they said. I therefore telegraphed to
William, who I knew would be in St. Louis that day, _en route_ to
Verona, that he had better take Connell and Galway back to Lester's to
capture Hillary, while Cottrell and Marriott undertook the arrest of
Levi and Barton at Durham's. I also sent a dispatch to Cottrell to take
no steps for their arrest until after William should have captured
Hillary.
William, having previously thoroughly examined the contents of the store
at Lester's, knew that they were not worth over two hundred dollars, and
he telegraphed me to that effect, suggesting that it was improbable that
Hillary should run so much risk for so small a sum. On learning this
fact, I coincided with him, and ordered him to go on to Verona, as I had
originally intended. I desired that he should keep the Durham place
carefully watched until the arrival of the other Farrington, who, I
believed, would soon join the rest of the party; then, in case he
arrived, we should get all three together; but, if the other two should
show any signs of moving off, they could be taken at any time.
Mr. O'Brien obtained requisitions from the Governor of Tennessee on the
Governor of Missouri for the three men, and I felt that success was only
delayed a day or two at most.